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Psalms 75:10 — Word Study

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WLCוְכָל־ קַרְנֵ֣י רְשָׁעִ֣ים אֲגַדֵּ֑עַ תְּ֝רוֹמַ֗מְנָה קַֽרְנ֥וֹת צַדִּֽיק׃

BSAIʼănîy [emphatically, as the supreme Judge] to tellnâgad foreverʻôwlâm to singzâmar Godʼĕlôhîym JacobYaʻăqôb

Word
Listen & take awayPsalms 75
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 10 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (tza.Dik) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Psalms 75:10quick helps
In a sentenceThe psalmist declares God's judgment against the wicked and the exaltation of the righteous.
Who is speakingThe psalmist, speaking on behalf of God.
Where we areIn a psalm reflecting on God's justice and authority.
The hard wordאֲגַדֵּ֑עַ
Take awayGod will decisively act against the wicked while uplifting the righteous.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbעוֹלָם The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Psalms 75:10

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — God's Judgment and Exaltationgenerated

7but it is God who judges; He brings down one and exalts another.
8For a cup is in the hand of the LORD, full of foaming wine mixed with spices. He pours from His cup, and all the wicked of the earth drink it down to the dregs.
9But I will proclaim Him forever; I will sing praise to the God of Jacob.
10“All the horns of the wicked I will cut off, but the horns of the righteous will be exalted.”

Psalm 75:10 reflects on God's role as the ultimate judge who will cut off the power of the wicked while raising up the righteous. This verse emphasizes the contrast between the fate of the unrighteous and the righteous, illustrating God's justice and authority over all creation.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Psalm 101:8Every morning I will remove all the wicked of the land, that I may cut off every evildoer from the city of the LORD.
2Jeremiah 48:25The horn of Moab has been cut off, and his arm is broken,” declares the LORD.
3Zechariah 1:20–21Then the LORD showed me four craftsmen.
4Psalm 89:17For You are the glory of their strength, and by Your favor our horn is exalted.
5Psalm 92:10But You have exalted my horn like that of a wild ox; with fine oil I have been anointed.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 7 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word אֲגַדֵּ֑עַ, 'a.ga.De.a'generated

The verb גָּדַע (gada`) means to cut off or down, suggesting a decisive action taken by God against those who oppose Him. The Piel form indicates an intensive action, emphasizing the strength and certainty of God's judgment.

In this context, the psalmist uses this verb to convey the idea of God actively removing the horns, or power, of the wicked, illustrating His authority in dealing with evil.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The finite verbs אֲגַדֵּ֑עַ (I will cut off) and תְּ֝רוֹמַ֗מְנָה (they will be lifted up) govern the two main clauses of the verse. The first clause focuses on the action against the wicked, while the second emphasizes the uplifting of the righteous.

The structure clearly contrasts the fate of the wicked and the righteous, with the verbs positioned prominently to highlight God's decisive actions.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

In the Septuagint, the word אֲגַדֵּ֑עַ is rendered as ἀγαλλιάσομαι (I will rejoice), which introduces a different nuance, suggesting a celebratory aspect to God's judgment rather than a mere act of cutting off.

This choice indicates a broader interpretation of the text, emphasizing the joy in God's justice rather than focusing solely on the act of destruction.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Psalm 75:10 states that God will cut off the horns of the wicked, symbolizing their power and influence, while the horns of the righteous will be lifted up, indicating their exaltation and favor with God.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean that God will cut off the horns of the wicked?

It signifies God's judgment and removal of power from those who oppose Him.

What are the horns of the righteous?

The horns of the righteous symbolize their strength and honor that God will elevate.

How does this verse reflect God's character?

This verse shows God as a just judge who actively intervenes in the affairs of humanity.

What can we learn from the contrast between the wicked and the righteous?

It teaches us about the consequences of moral choices and the ultimate triumph of good over evil.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what ways have I seen God act against wickedness in my own life or community?
  2. How can I seek to live righteously so that I may be lifted up by God?
  3. What does it mean to me personally that God is a just judge?
  4. How can I encourage others to turn away from wickedness and towards righteousness?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Augustine of Hippo quotes this verse to illustrate God's justice, noting the contrast between the humbled and the exalted.

Augustine of HippoExposition on Psalms 75 354–430
"And all the horns of sinners I will break, and there shall be exalted the horns of the Just" [Psalms 75:10]. This is, the one He humbles, the other He exalts.
Early Church Fathers on Psalms 75 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Psalms 75:10 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

All the horns of the wicked also will I cut off,.... Therefore let them not lift up the horn on high: "horns" denote the power and authority of wicked men, their kingdoms and states; both Rome Pagan

Read John Gill on Psalms 75 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

But I will declare for ever; I will sing praises to the God of Jacob. -The people resolve to praise forever the God of Jacob, for the anticipated cutting off of the wicked, and exaltation of the righteous. Verse 9.

Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 75 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

The horns of the wicked; their honour and power, which they made an instrument of mischief to oppress good men. A metaphor from horned and mischievous beasts. I will cut off, when I shall be advanced to the throne, and have power and authority to do what now I can only desire and pray for. The horns of the righteous shall be exalted; good men shall be encouraged and promoted, and intrusted with the management of all public affairs, which will be a great blessing to all my people.

Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 75 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Psalms 75:10 All the horns of the wicked also will I cut off; [but] the horns of the righteous shall be exalted.Ver. 10. All the horns of the wicked also will I cut off] By promising the due administration of vindictive and remunerative justice, he seeks to insinuate into the people’ s affections, who, after Isbosheth’ s death, came in to make him king. But the horns of the righteous shall be exalted] Dignity shall wait upon desert, which shall cause it again to be waited upon by respect. Thus it should be in the courts of all princes. In Cyrus’ s court, though a man should seek or choose blindfold, he could not miss of a good man, saith Xenophon (Cyropaed. l. 8).

Read John Trapp on Psalms 75 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(10) Will I cut.—The Divine speaker again abruptly takes up the word in this verse. (For the abruptness, comp. Isaiah 48:15.) The “cutting off of the horns” recalls Zechariah 1:18 seq.; Lamentations 2:3.

Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 75 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 10. All the horns of the wicked] All their power and influence, will I cut off; and will exalt and extend the power of the righteous. The psalmist is said to do these things, because he is as the mouth of God to denounce them. All was punctually fulfilled: the wicked - the Babylonians, were all cut off; the righteous - the Jews, called so from the holy covenant, which required righteousness, were delivered and exalted. ANALYSIS OF THE SEVENTY-FIFTH PSALM Bishop Nicholson supposes that David was the author of this Psalm; and that he composed it on his inauguration or entrance upon the kingdom; and by it he gives us an example of a good king. There are three chief parts in this Psalm: -…

Read AdamClarke on Psalms 75 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

10. will I cut off] If the poet is the speaker, he speaks in the name of Israel, confident that in God’s strength they will be able to complete the humiliation of their proud foes. Cp. Micah 4:13. But the speaker may be God, answering the vow of praise with a fresh promise. Cp. Psalms 46:10. For the figure cp. Zechariah 1:18 ff. shall be exalted] Shall be lifted up (R.V.). Cp. 1 Samuel 2:10. ‘The righteous one’ is Israel, righteous by contrast with the wicked Assyrians. Cp. Habakkuk 1:13.

Read Cambridge on Psalms 75 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

All the horns of the wicked ... - See the notes at Psalms 75:4. The meaning is, I will destroy all their power.

Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 75 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

“All the horns of the wicked I will cut off, but the horns of the righteous will be exalted.”

WEBWorld English Bible2000

I will cut off all the horns of the wicked, but the horns of the righteous shall be lifted up.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

“All the horns of the wicked I will cut off, but the horns of the righteous will be exalted.”

NETBNew English Translation2006

God says, “I will bring down all the power of the wicked; the godly will be victorious.”

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

All the horns of the wicked also will I cut off; but the horns of the righteous shall be exalted.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

All the horns of the wicked also will I cut off; But the horns of the righteous shall be lifted up.

RVARevised Version, American1894

All the horns of the wicked also will I cut off; but the horns of the righteous shall be lifted up.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

All the horns of the wicked also will I cut off; but the horns of the righteous shall be exalted.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

All the hornes of the wicked also will I breake: but the hornes of the righteous shalbe exalted.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

And all the horns of the wicked will I cut off; [but] the horns of the righteous shall be exalted.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

And all horns of the wicked I cut off, Exalted are the horns of the righteous!

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

And I cut off all horns of the wicked, || The horns of the righteous are exalted!

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

(75:11) And all the horns of the wicked will I hew off; but the horns of the righteous shall be exalted.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

He says, “I will cut off all the horns of the wicked, but the horns of the righteous will be raised up.”

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

When God arose in judgment, to save all the meek of the earth.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

For God says, “I will break the power of the wicked; but I will give my support to those who do what is good.”

BBEBible in Basic English1949

By him will all the horns of the sinners be cut off; but the horns of the upright will be lifted up.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

וְandclausenoun phrase · objectכָלallnoun phraseקַרְנֵ֣י[the].hornsרְשָׁעִ֣יםof.wicked.[people]verbאֲגַדֵּ֑עַI.will.cut.offclauseverbתְּ֝רוֹמַ֗מְנָהthey.will.be.lifted.upnoun phrase · subjectקַֽרְנ֥וֹת[the].hornsצַדִּֽיקof.[the].righteous

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree on the wording of Psalm 75:10, with all seven words matched in the Hebrew and Greek texts.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

וְכָל־ קַרְנֵ֣י רְשָׁעִ֣ים אֲגַדֵּ֑עַ תְּ֝רוֹמַ֗מְנָה קַֽרְנ֥וֹת צַדִּֽיק׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
וְכָל־ἐγὼקַרְנֵ֣יἀγαλλιάσομαιרְשָׁעִ֣יםεἰςאֲגַדֵּ֑עַαἰῶναתְּ֝רוֹמַ֗מְנָהψαλῶקַֽרְנ֥וֹתτῷצַדִּֽיק׃θεῷ

7 of the 7 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Psalms 75:10כֹּלand alland allכֹּלקֶ֫רֶן[the] horns[the] horns ofקֶ֫רֶןרָשָׁעwicked [peowicked [people]רָשָׁעגָּדַעI will cut I will cut offגָּדַערוּםthey will bthey will be liרוּםקֶ֫רֶן[the] horns[the] horns ofקֶ֫רֶןצַדִּיק[the] right[the] righteousצַדִּיקקָרַןto shineto shineקָרַןכָּלַלto perfectto perfectכָּלַלרָשַׁעbe wickedbe wickedרָשַׁעצָדֵקto justifyto justifyצָדֵקפִּנָּהcornercornerפִּנָּהאֶצְבַּעfingerfingerאֶצְבַּעעֵדָהcongregaticongregationעֵדָהעֲבֹדָהserviceserviceעֲבֹדָהצַדִּיקrighteousrighteousצַדִּיקאָבַדto perishto perishאָבַדחַמָּןpillarpillarחַמָּןפָּסִילidolidolפָּסִילתְּרוּמָהcontributicontributionתְּרוּמָהקֶ֫רֶןhornhornקֶ֫רֶןרָשָׁעwickedwickedרָשָׁעעָ֫וֶלinjusticeinjusticeעָ֫וֶל
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Psalms 75:10

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

and all [the] horns of wicked [people] I will cut off they will be lifted up [the] horns of [the] righteous
וְכָל־ve.khol and all H3605 Conjunction · noun common masculine singular construct
5,415× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for 'all' or 'everything' is used throughout the Bible, like in Genesis 1:31, where God sees all He has made as very good. It encompasses the entirety of something, whether people, things, or situations.
Tyndale gloss
all
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all

with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

Absolutely:

without the art., all things, all

with the art. הַכֹּל

where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all

. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3605 kol kole

or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;

hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a

plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any

(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as

many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,

whoso(-ever).

see HEBREW for 03634

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כֹּל (kol) — all.

1) all, the whole

1a) all, the whole of

1b) any, each, every, anything

1c) totality, everything

Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HC/Ncmsc — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular construct
HC/Ncmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ol: Used in various combinations, and with different meanings.

(1) All along, "Weeping all along as he went" (Jer 41:6), i.e. throughout the whole way he went, feigning equal concern with the men from Shiloh, etc., for the destruction of the Temple, so as to put them off their guard.

(2) All in all, "That God may be all in all" (1Co 15:28, Greek: panta en pasin, "all things in all (persons and) things"). "The universe, with all it comprises, will wholly answer to God's will and reflect His mind" (Dummelow).

(3) All one, "It is all one" (Job 9:22), "it makes no difference whether I live or die."

(4) At all, "If thy father miss me at all" (1Sa 20:6), "in any way," "in the least."

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and all [the] horns of wicked [people] I will cut off they will be lifted up [the] horns of [the] righteous
קַרְנֵ֣יkar.Nei [the] horns of H7161 Noun common · feminine dual construct
76× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this word means a horn or a corner, and can also refer to power or a mountain peak. It's used to describe a place called Karnaim, which was conquered by Israel. The KJV translation uses phrases like 'hill' or 'horn' to convey the idea.
Tyndale gloss
horn
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word קֶ֫רֶן (*qeren*) primarily means 'horn,' which can refer to a ram's horn, a musical instrument, or horn-like projections on an altar. It also has figurative meanings related to strength and can denote a flask or rays of light. The term קַרְנַ֫יִם (*qarnaim*) refers to a location conquered by Israel, likely in Bashan.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

קֶ֫רֶן 75 n.f. horn

of ram

used as oil-flask

as wind instr.

(from curved shape of tusks)

fig. of pers., symbol of strength

of altar, horn-like projections at corners

hill (so in Ar., peak, isolated hill)

rays at his side(s) he had (of lightning-flashes in theoph.)

base

קַרְנַ֫יִם n.pr.loc. conquered by Isr.; prob. in Bashan

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7161a קֶ֫רֶן horn . . of ram

. used as oil-flask

. as wind instr.

. (from curved shape of tusks)

. fig. of pers., symbol of strength

. of altar, horn-like projections at corners

. hill (so in Ar., peak, isolated hill)

. rays at his side(s) he had (of lightning-flashes in theoph.)

H7161b קַרְנַ֫יִם conquered by Isr.; prob. in Bashan

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7161 qeren keh'-ren

from 7160; a horn (as projecting); by implication, a flask,

cornet; by resembl. an elephant's tooth (i.e. ivory), a corner

(of the altar), a peak (of a mountain), a ray (of light);

figuratively, power:--X hill, horn.

see HEBREW for 07160

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

קֶ֫רֶן (qe.ren) — horn.

1) horn

1a) horn

1b) of strength (fig)

1c) flask (container for oil)

1d) horn (as musical instrument)

1e) horn (of horn-like projections on the altar)

1f) of rays of light

1g) hill

Aramaic equivalent: qe.ren (קֶ֫רֶן "horn" H7162)

קַרְנַ֫יִם (qar.na.im) — Karnaim.

(BDB) Karnaim, a place conquered by Israel probably in Bashan

Another name of ash.te.rot qar.na.yim (עַשְׁתְּרֹת קַרְנַיִם "Ashteroth-karnaim" H6255)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HNcfdc — Noun common · feminine dual construct
HNcfdc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

and all [the] horns of wicked [people] I will cut off they will be lifted up [the] horns of [the] righteous
רְשָׁעִ֣יםre.sha.'Im wicked [people] H7563 Noun common · masculine plural absolute
263× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word describes someone who is morally wrong, a bad person who is guilty of crime or sin against God or others. It is used to describe the wicked in biblical stories, such as in the book of Genesis.
Tyndale gloss
wicked
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רָשָׁע (rasha`) refers to someone who is wicked or criminal, encompassing meanings such as guilty and ungodly. It is derived from a root that implies moral wrongdoing. The term is used to describe individuals who are hostile to God or guilty of sin against others.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רָשָׁע 263 adj. wicked, criminal

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7563 רָשָׁע wicked, criminal

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7563 rasha` raw-shaw'

from 7561; morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad

person:--+ condemned, guilty, ungodly, wicked (man), that did

wrong.

see HEBREW for 07561

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רָשָׁע (ra.sah) — wicked.

1) wicked, criminal

1a) guilty one, one guilty of crime (subst)

1b) wicked (hostile to God)

1c) wicked, guilty of sin (against God or man)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HNcmpa — Noun common · masculine plural absolute
HNcmpa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Nave's Topical Bible

→ Compared with

Abominable branches Isa 14:19

Ashes under the feet Mal 4:3

Bad fish Mt 13:48

Animals Ps 49:12; 2Pe 2:12

Blind people Zep 1:17; Mt 15:14

Bronze and iron Jer 6:28; Eze 22:18

Briers add thorns Isa 55:13; Eze 2:6

The bulls of Bashan Ps 22:12

and all [the] horns of wicked [people] I will cut off they will be lifted up [the] horns of [the] righteous
אֲגַדֵּ֑עַ'a.ga.De.a' I will cut off H1438 Verb · Piel · imperfect first person common singular
22× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to cut down or destroy something, like a tree. It is used in various forms throughout the Bible.
Tyndale gloss
to cut down/off
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

גָּדַע (gada`) is a Hebrew verb meaning to cut down or hew off. It encompasses various forms of cutting, including chopping and felling trees, and can imply destruction. The word appears in different grammatical forms, such as Qal (to hew), Niphal (to be hewn off), and Piel (to cut off).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

גָּדַע vb. hew, hew down or off

Qal hew, cut in two

Niph. be hewn off

Pi. hew off, down, in two

Pu. hew down

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1438 גָּדַע hew, hew down or off

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1438 gada` gaw-dah'

a primitive root; to fell a tree; generally, to destroy

anything:--cut (asunder, in sunder, down, off), hew down.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

גָּדַע (ga.da) — to cut down/off.

1) to cut, hew, chop, cut down, hew down, hew off, cut off, cut in two, shave off

1a) (Qal) to hew, chop in two

1b) (Niphal) to be chopped off, be hewn off

1c) (Piel) to cut off or down in two, hew off or down in two

1d) (Pual) to chop down, hew down

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HVpi1cs — Verb · Piel · imperfect first person common singular
HVpi1cs
and all [the] horns of wicked [people] I will cut off they will be lifted up [the] horns of [the] righteous
תְּ֝רוֹמַ֗מְנָהte.ro.Mam.nah they will be lifted up H7311 Verb · Pual · imperfect third person feminine plural
190× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb can mean to lift something or someone up, like a parent lifting a child, or to exalt oneself in pride. In the Bible, it's used to describe God lifting up the humble and bringing down the proud.
Tyndale gloss
to exalt
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רוּם (ruwm) is a Hebrew verb meaning to be high or exalted, covering a range of actions such as rising, lifting, and promoting. It can refer to physical elevation, like raising an ark or setting up a throne, as well as figurative exaltation, particularly in relation to God. The word also has a related form, רָמַם (ramam), which means to be wormy.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רוּם vb. be high, exalted, rise

Qal

be high, lit. rock (in fig.)

esp. of י׳

be raised, uplifted

be lifted, rise, of ark

Pō‛lēl

raise, rear, children

cause tree to grow

lift up

exalt, extol, acc. י׳

Pō‛lal be lift up

Hiph.

raise, rear, c. acc., hand

raise poor

lift up voice

(take into one's hand and) lift, take up, stone

set up, erect, stone

set on high, throne

lift up, exalt, c. acc. pers.

lift up and take away, remove

lift off and present, contribute, offer

Hoph. be taken off from; be abolished

Hithpō‛l. and he shall exalt and magnify himself above, etc.; I will raise myself

base

[רָמַם] vb. denom. be wormy;—Ex 16:20

ref

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7311a רוּם be high, exalted, rise .. . be high, lit. rock (in fig.)

. esp. of י׳

. be raised, uplifted

. be lifted, rise, of ark

.. . raise, rear, children

. cause tree to grow

. lift up

. exalt, extol, acc. י׳

.be lift up

. . . . raise, rear, c. acc., hand

. raise poor

. lift up voice

. (take into one's hand and) lift, take up, stone

. set up, erect, stone

. set on high, throne

. lift up, exalt, c. acc. pers.

. lift up and take away, remove

. lift off and present, contribute, offer

. be taken off from; be abolished

. and he shall exalt and magnify himself above, etc.; I will raise myself

H7311b רָמַם vb. denom. be wormy

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7311 ruwm room

a primitive root; to be high actively, to rise or raise (in

various applications, literally or figuratively):--bring up,

exalt (self), extol, give, go up, haughty, heave (up), (be,

lift up on, make on, set up on, too) high(-er, one), hold up,

levy, lift(-er) up, (be) lofty, (X a-)loud, mount up, offer

(up), + presumptuously, (be) promote(-ion), proud, set up,

tall(-er), take (away, off, up), breed worms.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רוּם (rum) — to exalt.

1) to rise, rise up, be high, be lofty, be exalted

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to be high, be set on high

1a2) to be raised, be uplifted, be exalted

1a3) to be lifted, rise

1b) (Polel)

1b1) to raise or rear (children), cause to grow up

1b2) to lift up, raise, exalt

1b3) to exalt, extol

1c) (Polal) to be lifted up

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to raise, lift, lift up, take up, set up, erect, exalt, set on high

1d2) to lift up (and take away), remove

1d3) to lift off and present, contribute, offer, contribute

1e) (Hophal) to be taken off, be abolished

1f) (Hithpolel) to exalt oneself, magnify oneself

Aramaic equivalent: rum (רוּם "to rise" H7313)

רָמַם (ra.mam) — be rotten.

(Qal) to be rotten, be wormy

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HVPi3fp — Verb · Pual · imperfect third person feminine plural
HVPi3fp
and all [the] horns of wicked [people] I will cut off they will be lifted up [the] horns of [the] righteous
קַֽרְנ֥וֹתkar.Not [the] horns of H7161 Noun common · feminine plural construct
76× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this word means a horn or a corner, and can also refer to power or a mountain peak. It's used to describe a place called Karnaim, which was conquered by Israel. The KJV translation uses phrases like 'hill' or 'horn' to convey the idea.
Tyndale gloss
horn
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word קֶ֫רֶן (*qeren*) primarily means 'horn,' which can refer to a ram's horn, a musical instrument, or horn-like projections on an altar. It also has figurative meanings related to strength and can denote a flask or rays of light. The term קַרְנַ֫יִם (*qarnaim*) refers to a location conquered by Israel, likely in Bashan.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

קֶ֫רֶן 75 n.f. horn

of ram

used as oil-flask

as wind instr.

(from curved shape of tusks)

fig. of pers., symbol of strength

of altar, horn-like projections at corners

hill (so in Ar., peak, isolated hill)

rays at his side(s) he had (of lightning-flashes in theoph.)

base

קַרְנַ֫יִם n.pr.loc. conquered by Isr.; prob. in Bashan

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7161a קֶ֫רֶן horn . . of ram

. used as oil-flask

. as wind instr.

. (from curved shape of tusks)

. fig. of pers., symbol of strength

. of altar, horn-like projections at corners

. hill (so in Ar., peak, isolated hill)

. rays at his side(s) he had (of lightning-flashes in theoph.)

H7161b קַרְנַ֫יִם conquered by Isr.; prob. in Bashan

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7161 qeren keh'-ren

from 7160; a horn (as projecting); by implication, a flask,

cornet; by resembl. an elephant's tooth (i.e. ivory), a corner

(of the altar), a peak (of a mountain), a ray (of light);

figuratively, power:--X hill, horn.

see HEBREW for 07160

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

קֶ֫רֶן (qe.ren) — horn.

1) horn

1a) horn

1b) of strength (fig)

1c) flask (container for oil)

1d) horn (as musical instrument)

1e) horn (of horn-like projections on the altar)

1f) of rays of light

1g) hill

Aramaic equivalent: qe.ren (קֶ֫רֶן "horn" H7162)

קַרְנַ֫יִם (qar.na.im) — Karnaim.

(BDB) Karnaim, a place conquered by Israel probably in Bashan

Another name of ash.te.rot qar.na.yim (עַשְׁתְּרֹת קַרְנַיִם "Ashteroth-karnaim" H6255)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HNcfpc — Noun common · feminine plural construct
HNcfpc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

and all [the] horns of wicked [people] I will cut off they will be lifted up [the] horns of [the] righteous
צַדִּֽיק׃tza.Dik [the] righteous H6662
206× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Means being just or righteous, as seen in government, personal conduct, or character, often describing someone made right with God. It appears in descriptions of King David and other biblical leaders. The concept is central to the Bible's teachings on morality and ethics.
Tyndale gloss
righteous
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

צַדִּיק (tsaddiyq) means just or righteous, covering various aspects such as lawful behavior, moral conduct, and being justified by God. It is derived from a related root and is used to describe individuals who are upright in character and actions.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

צַדִּיק 206 adj. just, righteous

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6662 צַדִּיק just, righteous

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6662 tsaddiyq tsad-deek'

from 6663; just:--just, lawful, righteous (man).

see HEBREW for 06663

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

צַדִּיק (tsad.diq) — righteous.

1) just, lawful, righteous

1a) just, righteous (in government)

1b) just, right (in one's cause)

1c) just, righteous (in conduct and character)

1d) righteous (as justified and vindicated by God)

1e) right, correct, lawful

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HAamsa
HAamsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Nave's Topical Bible

→ MISCELLANY OF MINOR SUB-TOPICS

Compared with

The sun Jud 5:31; Mt 13:43

Stars Da 12:3

Lights Mt 5:14; Php 2:15

Mount Zion Ps 125:1,2

Lebanon Ho 14:5-7

Treasure Ex 19:5; Ps 135:4

Jewels Mal 3:17

Gold Job 23:10; La 4:2

Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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