Psalms 79:5 — Word Study
WLCעַד־ מָ֣ה יְ֭הוָה תֶּאֱנַ֣ף לָנֶ֑צַח תִּבְעַ֥ר כְּמוֹ־ אֵ֝֗שׁ קִנְאָתֶֽךָ׃
BSAHow longʻad [till when, for how much longer] O LORDYᵉhôvâh [Yehovah, The covenant Name of God] Will You be angryʼânaph▸ [displeased, enraged] forevernetsach [for perpetuity, endlessly] Will Your jealousyqinʼâh [strong feelings of envy or zeal] burnbâʻar▸ [consume, be kindled] likekᵉmôw [in the manner of] fireʼêsh [burning, flame]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| עַד־ | until | Preposition |
| מָ֣ה | when? | Pronoun |
| יְ֭הוָה | O Yahweh | Noun proper |
| תֶּאֱנַ֣ף | will you be angry? | Verb, Qal, imperfect second person masculine singular |
| לָנֶ֑צַח | to perpetuity | Preposition, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| תִּבְעַ֥ר | will it burn? | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person feminine singular |
| כְּמוֹ־ | like | Preposition |
| אֵ֝֗שׁ | fire | Noun common, both singular absolute |
| קִנְאָתֶֽךָ׃ | jealousy your | Noun common feminine singular construct, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | How long, O LORD? Will You be angry forever? Will Your jealousy burn like fire? |
| KJV | How long, LORD? wilt thou be angry for ever? shall thy jealousy burn like fire? |
| ASV | How long, O Jehovah? wilt thou be angry for ever? Shall thy jealousy burn like fire? |
| YLT | Till when, O Jehovah? art Thou angry for ever? Thy jealousy doth burn as fire. |
| WEB | How long, Yahweh? Will you be angry forever? Will your jealousy burn like fire? |
| BBE | How long, O Lord? will you be angry for ever? will your wrath go on burning like fire? |
The translations agree on the key terms in this verse, particularly regarding God's anger and jealousy.
The verse is structured as a series of urgent questions directed at God, highlighting the psalmist's emotional state.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Trapp, Ellicott & more — read them ›
clause
verbאָנַף
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Psalms 79:5
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — A Cry for Help Amidst Sufferinggenerated
Psalm 79:5 expresses the psalmist's anguish over the prolonged suffering of Israel. The psalmist questions how long God will remain angry and implores Him to act. This verse is part of a lament that acknowledges the reproach faced by God's people and their desperate need for divine intervention, as seen in the surrounding verses that highlight the devastation they endure.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 13:1–2 | How long, O LORD? Will You forget me forever? How long will You hide Your face from me? |
| 2 | Psalm 74:1–9 | Why have You rejected us forever, O God? Why does Your anger smolder against the sheep of Your pasture? |
| 3 | Psalm 80:4 | O LORD God of Hosts, how long will Your anger smolder against the prayers of Your people? |
| 4 | Psalm 89:46 | How long, O LORD? Will You hide Yourself forever? Will Your wrath keep burning like fire? |
| 5 | Revelation 6:10 | And they cried out in a loud voice, “How long, O Lord, holy and true, until You avenge our blood and judge those who dwell upon the earth?” |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 14 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — קִנְאָתֶךָ, kin.'a.Te.chagenerated
The word קִנְאָה (qin'ah) refers to strong feelings of jealousy or zeal. It conveys intense emotions, often in the context of a relationship, reflecting both human and divine jealousy. The parsing indicates it is a noun in the construct state, showing possession — here, it refers to God's jealousy.
This word is often used in the context of God's passionate commitment to His people, indicating His desire for their faithfulness. The psalmist's use of this term emphasizes the seriousness of God's feelings towards Israel's unfaithfulness and the urgency of their plea for mercy.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
In this study, we consider the verse as rendered in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses jealousy for קִנְאָה.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The verse contains multiple clauses, with the main verb תֶּאֱנַ֣ף (will you be angry?) leading the inquiry into God's emotional state. It is followed by another verb תִּבְעַ֥ר (will it burn?), which describes the intensity of God's jealousy.
The structure emphasizes the psalmist's urgent questions about God's anger and jealousy, reflecting a deep concern for the state of Israel and their relationship with God.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates קִנְאָתֶךָ as σου, indicating a possessive form that retains the sense of God's jealousy. This choice aligns with the Hebrew meaning but may also reflect a broader understanding of divine passion.
The Greek word ὀργισθήσῃ for תֶּאֱנַ֣ף suggests a strong emotional response, aligning with the Hebrew's portrayal of God's anger.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Psalm 79:5 shows the psalmist asking God how long He will be angry and if His jealousy will burn like fire. This verse expresses deep distress over the suffering of Israel and a plea for God's mercy.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The psalmist is expressing a deep sense of urgency and desperation, seeking to understand the duration of God's anger towards His people.
God's jealousy signifies His passionate commitment to His people, and the psalmist uses this term to highlight the seriousness of their situation and the need for divine intervention.
This verse is part of a lament that reflects the suffering of Israel and their plea for God's mercy amidst their reproach and devastation.
The psalmist's questions illustrate the importance of bringing our concerns and emotions to God, seeking His understanding and intervention in times of distress.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what areas of my life do I feel a sense of prolonged suffering, and how can I bring these concerns to God?
- How can I better understand God's feelings towards me and my relationship with Him?
- What does it mean for me to recognize God's jealousy in my life, and how does it shape my faith?
- How can I support others who are experiencing distress and help them bring their questions to God?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Church Fathers have reflected on this psalm, discussing themes of prayer and divine anger, as seen in their writings.
Some things mentioned in the Bible are not factual; some factual things are not mentioned; some nonfactual things receive no mention there; some things are both factual and mentioned.Early Church Fathers on Psalms 79 →
In the second place now giving utterance to an evident prayer, whence it may be perceived that the calling to remembrance of former affliction is not by way of information but prayer;Early Church Fathers on Psalms 79 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Psalms 79:5 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleHow long, Lord, wilt thou be angry? for ever?.... That is, how long wilt thou be angry? shall it be for ever?
Read John Gill on Psalms 79 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryHow long, LORD? wilt thou be angry for ever? shall thy jealousy burn like fire? How long Lord?
Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 79 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsPsalms 79:5 How long, LORD? wilt thou be angry for ever? shall thy jealousy burn like fire?Ver. 5. How long wilt thou be angry? &c.] Or, how long? wilt thou be angry for ever? The psalmist knew that the enemies were but God’ s executioners; and that if he were but once pacified, they should soon be put out of office. Shall thy jealousy] viz. For our idolatry, Exodus 20:3-5
Read John Trapp on Psalms 79 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(5) How long, Lord?—The dominant cry of the Maccabæan age. (See Psalms 74:9.)
Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 79 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 5. How long, Lord?] Wilt thou continue thine anger against us, and suffer us to be insulted, and thyself blasphemed?
Read AdamClarke on Psalms 79 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges5–8. Prayer that God will cease to be angry with His own people and will punish their destroyers.
Read Cambridge on Psalms 79 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleHow long, Lord? - See Psalms 74:1, note; Psalms 74:10, note; and Psalms 77:7-9, notes. This is the language, not of impatience, but of anxiety; not of complaining, but of wonder.
Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 79 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible5. How long, Lord—The “how long” and for ever would here seem to imply that the affliction had now been of long duration. Time dragged heavily under this trying dispensation of wrath.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Psalms 79 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
How long, O LORD? Will You be angry forever? Will Your jealousy burn like fire?
How long, Yahweh? Will you be angry forever? Will your jealousy burn like fire?
How long, O LORD? Will You be angry forever? Will Your jealousy burn like fire?
How long will this go on, O Lord? Will you stay angry forever? How long will your rage burn like fire?
Tyndale line
How long, LORD? wilt thou be angry for ever? shall thy jealousy burn like fire?
How long, O Jehovah? wilt thou be angry for ever? Shall thy jealousy burn like fire?
How long, O LORD, wilt thou be angry for ever? shall thy jealousy burn like fire?
How long, LORD? wilt thou be angry for ever? shall thy jealousy burn like fire?
Lord, howe long wilt thou be angrie, for euer? shall thy gelousie burne like fire?
Strictly literal
How long, O Jehovah? wilt thou be angry for ever? Shall thy jealousy burn like fire?
Till when, O Jehovah? art Thou angry for ever? Thy jealousy doth burn as fire.
Until when, O YHWH? Are You angry forever? Your jealousy burns as fire.
How long, Lord? wilt thou be indignant for ever? shall thy jealousy burn like fire?
How long, Yahweh? Will you stay angry forever? How long will your jealous anger burn like fire?
From the Latin
O Lord God of hosts, how long wilt thou be angry against the prayer of thy servant?
Simplified
How long, Lord? Will you be angry with us forever? Will your jealousy always burn like fire?
How long, O Lord? will you be angry for ever? will your wrath go on burning like fire?
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree closely in this verse, with a word-by-word correspondence that preserves the original meaning and emotional weight. The Septuagint's translation reflects the same themes of anger and jealousy found in the Hebrew.
עַד־ מָ֣ה יְ֭הוָה תֶּאֱנַ֣ף לָנֶ֑צַח תִּבְעַ֥ר כְּמוֹ־ אֵ֝֗שׁ קִנְאָתֶֽךָ׃
9 of the 9 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Psalms 79:5
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
עַד (ad) primarily functions as a preposition, adverb, or conjunction meaning 'until,' 'up to,' or 'as far as.' It can denote spatial, temporal, or degree-related contexts, such as 'even to' or 'while.' The entries indicate its use in poetry and in various combinations, but there is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.
עַד, in poetry עֲדֵי prep. as far as, even to, up to, until, while
prep.
of space
Of time
Of degree
conj.
until
While
Of degree, to the point that, so that even (rare)
עַד לְ, a strengthened form for עַד. Thus
of space
Of time
Of degree
base
H5704 עַד, in poetry עֲדֵי as far as, even to, up to, until, while . prep. . of space
. Of time
. Of degree
. conj. . until
. While
. Of degree, to the point that, so that even (rare)
. עַד לְ, a strengthened form for עַד. Thus . of space
. Of time
. Of degree
5704 `ad ad
properly, the same as 5703 (used as a preposition, adverb or
conjunction; especially with a preposition); as far (or long,
or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during,
while, until) or degree (equally with):--against, and, as,
at, before, by (that), even (to), for(-asmuch as),
(hither-)to, + how long, into, as long (much) as, (so) that,
till, toward, until, when, while, (+ as) yet.
see HEBREW for 05703
עַד (ad) — till.
prep
1) as far as, even to, until, up to, while, as far as
1a) of space
1a1) as far as, up to, even to
1b) in combination
1b1) from...as far as, both...and (with 'min' -from)
1c) of time
1c1) even to, until, unto, till, during, end
1d) of degree
1d1) even to, to the degree of, even like
conj
2) until, while, to the point that, so that even
Aramaic equivalent: ad (עַד "till" H5705)
Prep — PrepositionHR
מָה (mah) is a Hebrew word primarily used as an interrogative particle meaning 'what?' or 'how?'. It can also function as an indefinite pronoun, encompassing meanings like 'anything' or 'whatever'. The word is versatile, appearing in various adverbial forms and often used with prefixes to express different nuances, such as reason or manner.
מָה, rarely מָה־, מַה־, מַהּ, מֶה, מַּ, מָ—pron.interrog. and indef. what? how? aught
interrog. what?
Used adverbially
Indef. pron.
With preps.
base
H4100 מָה, rarely מָה־, מַה־, מַהּ, מֶה, מַּ, מָ—pron. interrog. and indef. what? how? aught . interrog. what?
. Used adverbially
. Indef. pron.
. With preps.
4100 mah maw
or mah {mah}; or ma {maw}; or ma {mah}; also meh {meh}; a
primitive particle; properly, interrogative what? (including
how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including
how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and even
relatively, that which); often used with prefixes in various
adverbial or conjunctive senses:--how (long, oft, (-
soever)), (no-)thing, what (end, good, purpose, thing),
whereby(-fore, -in, -to, -with), (for) why.
מָה (mah) — what?.
interr pron
1) what, how, of what kind
1a) (interrogative)
1a1) what?
1a2) of what kind
1a3) what? (rhetorical)
1a4) whatsoever, whatever, what
1b) (adverb)
1b1) how, how now
1b2) why
1b3) how! (exclamation)
1c) (with prep)
1c1) wherein?, whereby?, wherewith?, by what means?
1c2) because of what?
1c3) the like of what?
1c3a) how much?, how many?, how often?
1c3b) for how long?
1c4) for what reason?, why?, to what purpose?
1c5) until when?, how long?, upon what?, wherefore?
indef pron
2) anything, aught, what may
HPi — PronounHPi
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) is the proper name of the God of Israel, often rendered as Jehovah or the Lord. It signifies the self-existent or eternal nature of God. The name is closely associated with the revelation to Moses in Exodus 3:12-15 and is used in conjunction with other terms to denote sacred places. Some scholars suggest it derives from a root meaning 'to bring into being.'
יהוה c. 6823 i.e. יַהְוֶה n.pr.dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel—(1. MT יְהֹוָה 6518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהֹוִה 305 (Qr אֱלֹהִים) 2. Many recent scholars explain יַהְוֶה as Hiph. of הוה (= היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver)
יהוה is not used by E in Gn, but is given Ex 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb
יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D
the phrase † אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy
יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh
base
H3068 יהוה i.e. יַהְוֶה n. pr. dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel
3068 Yhovah yeh-ho-vaw'
from 1961; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish
national name of God:--Jehovah, the Lord. Compare 3050, 3069.
see HEBREW for 01961
see HEBREW for 03050
see HEBREW for 03069
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — LORD.
Jehovah = "the existing One"
1) the proper name of the one true God
1a) unpronounced except with the vowel pointings of a.do.na (אֲדֹנָי "Lord" H0136)
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — The Lord.
Another name of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — (Jerusalem of) the Lord.
Combined with ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
N-proper — Noun properHNpt
אָנֵף (anaph) is a Hebrew verb meaning to be angry or displeased, derived from the idea of breathing hard or snorting. It primarily describes God's anger, with forms indicating both simple and reflexive actions. The entries consistently emphasize its connection to divine displeasure.
[אָנֵף, אָנַף] vb. (breathe, snort) be angry
base
H599 אָנֵף, אָנַף (breathe, snort) be angry
599 'anaph aw-naf'
a primitive root; to breathe hard, i.e. be enraged:--be
angry (displeased).
אָנַף (a.naph) — be angry.
1) to be angry, to be displeased, to breathe hard
1a) (Qal) to be angry (of God)
1b) (Hithpael) to be angry (always of God)
V-Qal-Imperf-2ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect second person masculine singularHVqi2ms
נֵ֫צַח (netsach) encompasses concepts of eminence, enduring strength, and perpetuity. It is derived from a root meaning 'goal' or 'bright object' and conveys ideas of splendor, truthfulness, and confidence. The term is used to express notions of victory and continual existence, often implying an everlasting quality.
נֵ֫צַח n.m. eminence, enduring, everlasting, perpetuity
base
H5331 נֵ֫צַח eminence, enduring, everlasting, perpetuity
5331 netsach neh'-tsakh
or netsach {nay'-tsakh}; from 5329; properly, a goal, i.e.
the bright object at a distance travelled towards; hence
(figuratively), splendor, or (subjectively) truthfulness, or
(objectively) confidence; but usually (adverbially),
continually (i.e. to the most distant point of
view); --alway(-s), constantly, end, (+ n-)ever(more),
perpetual, strength, victory.
see HEBREW for 05329
נֵ֫צַח (ne.tsach) — perpetuity.
1) eminence, perpetuity, strength, victory, enduring, everlastingness
1a) eminence
1b) enduring of life
1c) endurance in time, perpetual, continual, unto the end
1d) everlastingness, ever
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absoluteHR/Ncmsa
The Hebrew word בָּעַר (ba'ar) has two primary meanings: to burn or consume, and to be brutish or stupid. It encompasses actions related to fire, such as kindling and burning, as well as figurative uses like consuming guilt. Additionally, it can denote a state of dullness or lack of receptiveness. The lexicons provide various nuances, particularly in how the burning aspect can relate to wrath or destruction.
[בָּעַר] vb. burn, consume
Qal burn
Pi.
kindle
burn
fig. consume, utterly remove
Pu. burn (i.e. be supplied with fire), of fire-jar
Hiph.
kindle
burn up
base
[בָּעַר] vb. denom. be brutish
Qal be stupid, dull-hearted, unreceptive
Niph. brutish, stupid
Pi. feed, graze
Hiph. cause to be grazed over
base
H1197a [בָּעַר] burn, consume .burn
. . kindle
. burn
. fig. consume, utterly remove
. burn (i.e. be supplied with fire), of fire-jar
. . kindle
. burn up
H1197b [בָּעַר] vb. denom. be brutish .be stupid, dull-hearted, unreceptive
. brutish, stupid
. feed, graze
. cause to be grazed over
1197 ba`ar baw-ar'
a primitive root; to kindle, i.e. consume (by fire or by
eating); also (as denominative from 1198) to be(-come)
brutish:--be brutish, bring (put, take) away, burn, (cause to)
eat (up), feed, heat, kindle, set ((on fire)), waste.
see HEBREW for 01198
בָּעַר (ba.ar) — to burn: burn.
: burn/ignite
1) to burn, consume, kindle, be kindled
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to begin to burn, be kindled, start burning
1a2) to burn, be burning
1a3) to burn, consume
1a4) Jehovah's wrath, human wrath (fig.)
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to kindle, burn
1b2) to consume, remove (of guilt) (fig.)
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to kindle
1c2) to burn up
1c3) to consume (destroy)
1d) (Pual) to burn
בָּעַר (ba.ar) — be brutish.
v denom
1) to be stupid, brutish, barbarous
1a) (Qal) to be stupid, dull-hearted, unreceptive
1b) (Niphal) to be stupid, dull-hearted
1c) (Piel) to feed, graze
1d) (Hiphil) to cause to be grazed over
בָּעַר (ba.ar) — to burn: destroy.
: destroy
1) to burn, consume, kindle, be kindled
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to begin to burn, be kindled, start burning
1a2) to burn, be burning
1a3) to burn, consume
1a4) Jehovah's wrath, human wrath (fig.)
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to kindle, burn
V-Qal-Imperf-3fs — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person feminine singularHVqi3fs
כְּמוֹ (kemo) is an adverb and conjunction meaning 'like' or 'as,' often used to draw comparisons or indicate similarity. It can also mean 'when' or 'according to.' The word is derived from a pleonastic form of the prefix כְּ (k-) and is related to the word מוֹ (mo). There are no significant disagreements among the lexicons.
כְּמוֹ adv. and conj. like, as, when (lit. the like of what (viz.) …, a pleon. form of כְּ (v. מוֹ), and, like it, prop. a subst.)
base
H3644 כְּמוֹ adv. and conj. like, as, when (lit. the like of what (viz.) …, a pleon. form of כְּ (v. מוֹ), and, like it, prop. a subst.)
3644 kmow kem-o'
or kamow {kaw-mo'}; a form of the prefix "k-", but used
separately (compare 3651); as, thus, so:--according to, (such)
as (it were, well as), in comparison of, like (as, to, unto),
thus, when, worth.
see HEBREW for 03651
כְּמוֹ (ke.mo) — like.
adv
1) like, as, the like of which
conj
2) when, according as, as it were
כְּמוֹ (ke.mo) — (Geruth) Chimham.
Combined with ge.rut (גֵּרוּת "Geruth" H1628)
Prep — PrepositionHR
אֵשׁ (esh) means 'fire' and encompasses various types, including natural fire, supernatural fire associated with divine appearances, and fire used for cooking or on altars. It can also figuratively represent God's anger. The entries consistently highlight its literal and metaphorical uses, with no significant disagreement among lexicons.
אֵשׁ 377 n.f. fire
fire, of conflagration
of supernatural fire
fire for cooking, roasting, parching
esp. of altar fire
fig. of Yahweh's anger
in various combinations
base
H784 אֵשׁ fire . fire, of conflagration
. of supernatural fire
. fire for cooking, roasting, parching
. esp. of altar fire
. fig. of Yahweh's anger
. in various combinations
784 'esh aysh
a primitive word; fire (literally or figuratively):--
burning, fiery, fire, flaming, hot.
אֵשׁ (esh) — fire.
1) fire
1a) fire, flames
1b) supernatural fire (accompanying theophany)
1c) fire (for cooking, roasting, parching)
1d) altar-fire
1e) God's anger (fig.)
Aramaic equivalent: esh (אֶשָּׁא "fire" H0785)
N-cs — Noun common · both singular absoluteHNcbsa
fir ('esh; pur):
These are the common words for fire, occurring very frequently. 'Ur, "light" (Isa 24:15 the King James Version; compare the Revised Version (British and American); Isa 31:9, and see FIRES), nur (Aramaic) (Da 3:22 ff) are found a few times, also 'eshshah (Jer 6:29), and be`erah (Ex 22:6), once each. Ac 28:2,3 has pura, "pyre," and Mr 14:54; Lu 22:56, phos, "light," the Revised Version (British and American) "in the light (of the fire)." "To set…
Fire
(1.) For sacred purposes. The sacrifices were consumed by fire (Gen. 8:20). The ever-burning fire on the altar was first kindled from heaven (Lev. 6:9, 13; 9:24), and afterwards rekindled at the dedication of Solomon’s temple (2 Chr. 7:1, 3). The expressions “fire from heaven” and “fire of the Lord” generally denote lightning, but sometimes also the fire of the altar was so called (Ex. 29:18; Lev. 1:9; 2:3; 3:5, 9).
Fire for a sacred purpose obtained otherwise than from the altar was called “strange fire” (Lev. 10:1, 2;
is represented as the symbol of Jehovah’s presence and the instrument of his power, in the way either of approval or of destruction. (Exodus 3:2; 14:19) etc. There could not be a better symbol for Jehovah than this of fire, it being immaterial, mysterious, but visible, warming, cheering, comforting, but also terrible and consuming. Parallel with this application of fire and with its symbolical meaning are to be noted the similar use for sacrificial purposes and the respect paid to it, or to the heavenly bodies as symbols of deity, which prevailed among so many nations of antiquity, and of which the traces are not even now extinct; e.g. the Sabean and Magian systems of worship. (Isaiah 27:9) Fire for sacred purposes obtained elsewhere than from the altar was called "strange fire," and for the use of such Nadab and Abihu were punished…
In Scripture, is often connected with the presence of Jehovah; as in the burning bush, and on Mount Sinai, Ex 3:2 19:18 Ps 18:1-50 Hab 1:1-3:19. The second coming of Christ will be "in flaming fire," 2Th 1:8. In the New Testament it illustrates the enlightening, cheering, and purifying agency of the Holy Spirit, Mt 3:11 Ac 2:3. By sending fire from heaven to consume sacrifices, God often signified his acceptance of them: as in the case of Abel, Ge 4:4; Abraham, Ge…
קִנְאָה (qin'ah) encompasses a range of meanings including ardor, zeal, and jealousy, often reflecting intense emotional states. It can denote a jealous disposition, particularly in the context of relationships, as well as religious zeal and divine jealousy. The term is rooted in the concept of envy and can imply anger, both in human interactions and in God's response to humanity.
קִנְאָה n.f. ardour, zeal, jealousy
base
H7068 קִנְאָה ardour, zeal, jealousy
7068 qin'ah kin-aw'
from 7065; jealousy or envy:--envy(-ied), jealousy, X sake,
zeal.
see HEBREW for 07065
קִנְאָה (qin.ah) — jealousy.
1) ardour, zeal, jealousy
1a) ardour, jealousy, jealous disposition (of husband)
1a1) sexual passion
1b) ardour of zeal (of religious zeal)
1b1) of men for God
1b2) of men for the house of God
1b3) of God for his people
1c) ardour of anger
1c1) of men against adversaries
1c2) of God against men
1d) envy (of man)
1e) jealousy (resulting in the wrath of God)
N-fs | Suff — Noun common feminine singular construct · suffixHNcfsc/Sp2ms