Acts 28:1–15 — Paul Arrives at Rome — (outline by F. F. Bruce, NICNT) « Leader information shown in this fashion »
{A.} The Birth of the Church (1:1–5:42)
{B.} Persecution and Expansion (6:1–9:31)
{C.} The Acts of Peter & Beginnings of Gentile Christianity (9:32–12:25)
{D.} Church Extension from Antioch & Apostolic Decree at Jerusalem (12:25–15:35)
{E.} Paul Leaves Antioch & Moves to the Aegean World (15:36–19:20)
{F.} Paul Plans to Visit Rome and Gets there by an Unforseen Route (19:21–28:31)
{1} He Prepares to Leave Ephesus for Macedonia and Achaia (19:21–20:6)
{2} The Journey to Jerusalem (20:7–21:16)
{3} Paul at Jerusalem (21:17–23:30)
{4} Paul at Caesarea (23:31–26:32)
{5} Paul’s Voyage and Shipwreck (27:1–44)
A. Caesarea to Myra (27:1–5)
B. They Trans-ship at Myra and Sail to Crete (27:6–8)
C. Paul’s Advice Rejected (27:9-12)
D. They are Caught by the Wind Euraquilo (27:13-20)
E. Paul’s Encouragement (27:21-26)
F. They Approach Land (27:27-29)
G. The Sailors’ Attempt to Escape Frustrated (27:30-32)
H. The Meal on Board (27:33-38)
I. The Shipwreck (27:39-41)
J. Safe Ashore! (27:42-44)
{6} Winter in Malta (28:1-10)
A. Welcome to Malta! 28:1-6 (NKJV)
1. 1 Now when they had escaped, they then found out that the island was called Malta. 2 And the natives showed us unusual kindness; for they kindled a fire and made us all welcome, because of the rain that was falling and because of the cold. 3 But when Paul had gathered a bundle of sticks and laid them on the fire, a viper came out because of the heat, and fastened on his hand. 4 So when the natives saw the creature hanging from his hand, they said to one another, “No doubt this man is a murderer, whom, though he has escaped the sea, yet justice does not allow to live.” 5 But he shook off the creature into the fire and suffered no harm. 6 However, they were expecting that he would swell up or suddenly fall down dead. But after they had looked for a long time and saw no harm come to him, they changed their minds and said that he was a god.
2. The Phoenicians « (spoke variant of Hebrew) » settled the island ca., 900 BC, called it Melita, ‘refuge’ – how was this the case on this cold, late October day? « – landfall from the stormy sea; care of the natives in providing shelter to this large group of unexpected ‘guests’ (indicating this had happened before) »
3. What do you think of the character of the Maltese / Melitans…
a. … verse 2? « – hospitable, kind, caring »
b. … verse 3 (John 9:2–3, Luke 13:4; also Job)? « – superstitious, attributing supernatural cause to events, particularly ascribing mishaps and suffering to divine retribution »
c. … verse 6? « – superstitious, fickle; unsound in judgement »
4. The Greeks and Romans considered the Maltese as barbarians because they spoke neither Greek nor Latin (they spoke a form of Hebrew then and a form of Arabic today); how would you characterize their assessment? « – The response to need of the people in the first 6 verses puts such an attitude to shame. Discuss the effects on the church of xenophobism and of our natural discomfort with anything strange to us. How should the Christian and the church respond to those of other languages and cultures? What are steps we can take to avoid this? What verses of Scripture should admonish us? »
5. Doubts have been cast on the poisonous nature of this snake; what evidence is there that it was? « – Note ancient names for fauna do not necessarily parallel modern; Dr Luke would treat snake-bite and know; the people’s expectation of Paul’s death »
6. Some sects use this incident and Mark 16:18 « (q.v.) » to support a religious practice of handling poisonous snakes; how does Luke 4:12 (see context) refute this? « – do not use God’s promises to test God, unnecessarily, merely for the sake of testing Him »
7. Do miracles, in themselves, prove the veracity & credibility of their worker (Deuteronomy 13:1-3, 2 Thessalonians 2:3-4, 9-12)? … why do they happen? « – no; they are (1) to test our love for God, (2) to bring judgement on those who do not love truth »
8. What would this incident accomplish on behalf of Paul (as well as sparing his life!)? « – just one more evidence to the centurion, Julius, that he had under his charge a very special man in Paul, and would be inclined to treat him specially »
B. Works of Healing in Malta 28:7–10 (NKJV)
1. 7 In that region there was an estate of the leading citizen of the island, whose name was Publius, who received us and entertained us courteously for three days. 8 And it happened that the father of Publius lay sick of a fever and dysentery. Paul went in to him and prayed, and he laid his hands on him and healed him. 9 So when this was done, the rest of those on the island who had diseases also came and were healed. 10 They also honoured us in many ways; and when we departed, they provided such things as were necessary.
2. The word ‘leading’ is literally ‘the first’ which is an official title technically correct in Malta, so that Publius appears to have been the chief Roman authority on the Island. What would his necessary actions have been? … what did he do beyond that?
a. He had to « – arrange accommodation for the important and safeguarding the prisoners from the shipwreck. »
b. He did not have to « – do this, even for 3 days, courteously and personally using his own estate, with his father sick, so that they entered even into his household; then he allowed his place became the island clinic. »
3. In the first 10 verses of this chapter, there are a number of technical medical terms as in verse 6 “swell up (inflammation)” and “suddenly fall down (as in a fit or from wounds)” « – what medical term do you see in these verses? – fever & dysentery = Grk; Hippocrates often joined with fever as here (EGT in loc) »
4. Also, hidden in the English, are 2 different words for heal; verse 8, iaomai (found in English geriatrics, psychiatry, etc.), and verse 9, therapeuw (therapeutic; used in Luke 8:43; is there any indication that Paul was not the only healer (Colossians 4:14) « – in the words, ‘They also honoured US’ and as used in Luke 8:43 »
5. What insight do we get of the people of Malta? « – it was a close community; in a very brief while the news of healing had spread and people had responded by coming for healing »
6. Can you suggest why preaching here is not mentioned? « – that it was part of healing; Luke’s purpose to bring Paul to Rome »
7. What final comment do you have about the island people? « – appreciative in their kindness and generosity »
{7} Rome at Last (28:11–31)
C. The Last Lap: ‘And So We Came to Rome 28:11–15 (NKJV)
1. 11 After three months we sailed in an Alexandrian ship whose figurehead was the Twin Brothers, which had wintered at the island. 12 And landing at Syracuse, we stayed three days. 13 From there we circled round and reached Rhegium. And after one day the south wind blew; and the next day we came to Puteoli, 14 where we found brethren, and were invited to stay with them seven days. And so we went toward Rome. 15 And from there, when the brethren heard about us, they came to meet us as far as Appii Forum and Three Inns. When Paul saw them, he thanked God and took courage.
2. The ‘Twin Brothers’ are probably Castor and Pollux, patron gods of sailors – should Paul have refused to set foot on the ship until these idols were removed? « – no; some people today would make a great deal out of such issues, but Paul was perfectly aware that these were not real gods (Galatians 4:8) and, as at Athens, knew the solution was not externals but the turning men’s hearts to the one true God as revealed in Jesus. »
3. What did Paul find at Puteoli, port of Naples, south of Rome? « – a church (group of brethren, the term for believers) »
4. What factors could have inclined Julius, the centurion, to have allowed to Paul, his prisoner, this freedom? – « centurion needing to check with local authorities regarding his prisoners; he had previously trusted Paul in this fashion at Sidon; all that he had seen of Paul and heard from him during this voyage would have left him with no doubt of the special relationship Paul had with his God and that God’s power. »
5. There was already a church at Rome (Epistle to the Romans written some 2 to 3 years previously) and a delegation came to greet him, walking some 33 miles (about 53 km) to the Three Taverns, or 43 miles (about 70 km) to the Appii Forum (a marketplace). What does this incident indicate? « – the eager anticipation the Roman church had of meeting Paul, to them previously only known by his letter and by his acquaintances. »
6. What very human element do you find here in Paul? « – his taking courage; he who had encouraged 273 others in the midst of a terrible storm, we find has his own qualms at times »