δικαιοσύνη, -ης, 7), (δίκαιος) ; most frequently in Sept. for pr and ΠΡῚΝ, rarely for 10m]; the virtue or quality or state of one who is δίκαιος; 1. in the broad sense, the state of him who is such as he ought to be, righteousness (Germ. Rechtbeschaffenheit) ; the condition acceptable to God (Germ. Gottwohlgefdlligkeit); a. univ.: λόγος τῆς δικαιοσύνης (like λόγος τῆς καταλλαγῆς; A. τοῦ σταυροῦ), the doctrine concerning the way in which man may attain to a state approved of God, Heb. v. 13; βασιλεὺς δικαιοσύνης, the king who himself has the approbation of God, and who renders his subjects acceptable to God, Heb. vii. 2; οἵ. Bleek ad loc. b. integrity, virtue, purity of life, uprightness, correctness in thinking, feeling, and acting: Mt. iii. 15; v. 6, 10,20; vii 1 GL Τ ΤΥ WH; Acts xiii. 10; xxiv. 25; Ro. vi. 13, 16, 18-20 (opp. to ἁμαρτία, ἀνομία, and ἀκαθαρσία) ; Ro. viii. 10 (opp. to ἁμαρτία) ; Ro. xiv. 17 (? [see e.]) ; 2 Co. vi. 7, 14 (opp. to ἀνομία, as in Xen. mem. 1, 2, 24); 2 Co. xi. 15; Eph. v. 9; vi. 14; Phil. 1.11; 1 Tim. vi. 11; 2 Tim. ii. 22; iii. 16; iv. 8; Tit. iii. 5; Heb. i. 9; xii. 11; Jas. iii. 18; 1 Pet. iii. 14; 2 Pet. ii. 5, 21; iii. 13, and very often in the O. T. ; ἐν ὁδῷ δικαιοσύνης, walking in the way of righteousness i. q. an upright, righteous, man, Mt. xxi. 32; τοῦ θεοῦ, the righteousness which God demands, Mt. vi. 33; Jas. i. 20; of righteousness which manifests itself in beneficence : 2 Co. ix. 9 sq. d. contextually, approved of ΄ δικαιοσ vl?) (cf. Tob. xiv. 11; Gesenius, Thesaur. iii. p. 1151; so Chald. 937%, Dan. iv. 24, andin the Talmud and rabbin. writ. [Bustorf. col. 1891 (p. 941 ed. Fischer) ; cf.W. 527}; where δικ. καὶ ὁσιότης are connected, — Lk. i. 75; Eph. iv. 24, (Sap. ix. 3; Clem. Rom. 1 Cor. 48, 4 and occasionally in prof. writ.),—the former denotes right conduct towards men, the latter piety towards God (ef. Plat. Gorg. p. 507 b.; Grimm on Sap. p. 181 sq.; [ef. Trench § Ixxxviii. p. 328 sq.; for additional exx. see Wetst. on Eph. 1. ¢.; ef. ὅσιος}; εὐσέβεια x. δικαιοσύνη, Diod. 1, 2) ; ποιεῖν τὴν δικαιοσ. to do righteousness, to live uprightly : 1 Jn. 11. 29; iii. 7; iii. 10 [not Lehm.]; and in Rey. xxii. 11 ace. to the text now accepted ; in like manner ἐργάζεσθαι δικαιοσύνην, Acts x. 35; Heb. xi. 33; ζῆν τῇ δικαιοσύνῃ, to live, devote the life, to righteousness, 1 Pet. ii. 24; πληροῦν πᾶσαν δικαιοσύνην, to perform completely whatever isright, Mt. iii.15. When aflirmed of Christ, δικαιοσύνη denotes his perfect moral purity, integrity, sinlessness: Jn. xvi. 8, 10; when used of God, his holiness: Ro. iii. 5, 25 sq. c. in the writings of PAUL ἡ δικαιοσύνη has a peculiar meaning, opposed to the views of the Jews and Judaizing Christians. To understand this meaning, the foll. facts esp. must be kept in view: the Jews as a people, and very many who had become converts from among them to Christianity, supposed that they secured the favor of God by works conformed to the requirements of the Mosaic law, as though by way of merit; and that they would thus attain to eternal salvation. But this law demands perfect obedience to all its precepts, and threatens condemnation to those who do not render such obedience (Gal. iii. 10, 12). Obedience of this kind no one has rendered (Ro. iii. 10), neither Jews nor Gentiles (Ro. i. 24—ii. 1),—for with the latter the natural law of right written on their souls takes the place of the Mosaic law (Ro. ii. 14 sq.). On this account Paul proclaims the love of God, in that by giving up Christ, his Son, to die as an expiatory sacrifice for the sins of men he has attested his grace and good-will to mankind, so that they can hope for salvation as if they had not sinned. But the way to obtain this hope, he teaches, is only through faith (see πίστις [esp. 1 Ὁ. and 4.7), by which a man appropriates that grace of God revealed and pledged in Christ; and this faith is reckoned by God to the man as δικαιοσύνη; that is to say, δ. denotes the state acceptable to God which becomes a sinner’s possession through that faith by which he embraces the grace of God offered him in the expiatory death of Jesus Christ (see δικαιόω, 3 b.). In this sense ἡ δικαιοσύνη is used without an adjunct in Ro. iv. 5 sq. 11; v.17, 21; ix. 30 sq.; Ro. xiv. 17 (? [see b.]) ; 1 Co. i. 30; Gal. v. 5; δικαιοσύνη θεοῦ, ἡ τοῦ θεοῦ δικαιοσύνη, the righteousness which God ascribes, what God declares to be righteousness [W. 186 (175)], Ro. i. 17; iii. 21; x. 3; by a pregnant use, equiv. to that divine arrangement by which God leads men to a state acceptable to him, Ro. x. 4; as abstract for concrete, equiv. to those whom God accounts righteous, 2 Co. v. 215 dix. θεοῦ διὰ πίστεως, Ro. iii. 22; ἡ δικ. τῆς πίστεως, Which is acquired by faith, or seen in faith, Ro. iv. 11, 18; ἡ ἐκ θεοῦ δικαιοσ. which comes from God, i. 6. is adjudged, imputed, Phil. iii. 9 (where the addition ἐπὶ τῇ πίστει depends on ἔχων, having . . . founded upon faith [ef. W. 137 (180); 392 (367); yet cf. Ellic. ad loc.]) ; ἡ ἐκ πίστεως δικαιοσ. which comes from faith, Ro. ix. 30; x. 6; ἡ διὰ πίστεως Χριστοῦ, Phil. iii. 9; ἡ κατὰ πίστιν δικαιοσ. according to, appropriate to, faith, Heb. xi. 7 (but it should be kept in mind that the conception of ‘ faith’ in the Ep. to the Heb. is broader than in Paul’s writings {ef. 6. σα. Kurtz ad loc.]); Christ is called δικαιοσύνη, as being the one without whom there is no righteousness, as the author of righteousness, 1 Co. i. 30; εἰς δικαιοσύνην, unto righteousness as the result, to obtain righteousness, Ro. x. 4, 10; ἡ πίστις λογίζεταί τινι εἰς δικαιοσύνην faith is reckoned to one for righteousness, i. 6. is so taken into account, that righteousness is ascribed to it or recognized in it: Ro. iv. 3, 6,9, 22; Gal. iii. 6; Jas. ii. 23; ἡ διακονία τῆς δικαιοσ. (see διακονία, 2 b.), 2 Co. iii. 9. Opposed to this δικαιοσύνη arising from faith is ἡ ἐκ νόμου dSixaoo., a state acceptable to God which is supposed to result from obedience to the law, Ro. x. 5 sq. ; ἡ dix. ἐν νόμῳ relying on the law, i.e. on imaginary obedience to it, Phil. iii. 6; ἡ ἰδία δικαιοσ. and ἡ ἐμὴ δικ.» such as one supposes that he has acquired for himself by his own works, Ro. x. 3; Phil. iii. 9, cf. Gal. ii. 21; iii. 21. 2. in a closer sense, justice, or the virtue which gives each one his due; it is said to belong to God and Christ, as bestowing ἰσότιμον πίστιν upon all Christians impartially, 2 Pet. i.1; of judicial justice, Ro. ix. 28 RGTrmrg. in br.; κρίνειν ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ, Acts xvii. 31; Rey. xix. 11. [See reff. s. v. δικαιόω, fin.]

δικαιοσύνη dikaiosynē 92x

fair and equitable dealing, justice, Acts 17:31; Heb. 11:33; Rom. 9:28; integrity, virtue, Lk. 1:75; Eph. 5:9; in NT generosity, alms, 2 Cor. 9:10, v.r.; Mt. 6:1; piety, godliness, Rom. 6:13; investiture with the attribute of righteousness, acceptance as righteous, justification, Rom. 4:11; 10:4, et al. freq.; a provision or mean for justification, Rom. 1:17; 2 Cor. 3:9; an instance of justification, 2 Cor. 5:21

δικαιοσύνη, -ης, ἡ

(< δίκαιος), [in LXX chiefly for צֶדֶק, and cognates, Ge 15:6, al., rarely for חֶסֶד, Ge 19:19 ;]

the character of ὁ δίκαιος (q.v.)

in broad sense, righteousness, conformity to the Divine will in purpose, thought and action: Mt 5:6, Jo 16:8, Ac 13:10, Ro 4:3; λόγος δικαιοσύνης, teaching of r., He 5:13; βασιλεὺς δ. (cf. FlJ, BJ, vi, 10, β. δίκαιος), He 7:2; ὅπλα δ., Ro 6:13; ὁδὸς δ., Mt 21:32; θώραξ τῆς δ., Eph 6:14; διὰκονοι δ., II Co 11:15; ὁσιότης καὶ δ., Lk 1:75, cf. Eph 4:24; ἀγαθωσύνῃ καὶ δ., Eph 5:9; δ. κ. εἰρήνη κ. χαρά, Ro 14:17; δ. κ. ἁγιασμός, I Co 1:30; opp. to ἁμαρτία, Ro 8:10; ἀνομία, II Co 6:14; άδικία, Ro 3:5; ποιεῖν τὴν δ., I Jo 2:29 3:7; id. as an inclusive term for the active duties of the religious life (ICC, in l.; Abbott, Essays, 73 ff), Mt 6:1; ἐργάζεσθαι δ., Ac 10:35; διώκειν δ., I Ti 6:11; πληροῦν πᾶσαν δ., Mt 3:15; ζῆν τῇ δ., I Pe 2:24; δ. θεοῦ, a righteousness divine in its character and origin, Mt 6:33, Ja 1:20, Ro (where it also includes the idea of God's personal r.; v. ICC, on 1:17) 1:17 3:5, 21-26 10:3, II Co 5:21, Phl 3:9; ἡ δ. τ. πίσιεως, Ro 4:11; ἡ ἐκ π. δ., Ro 9:30; ἡ κατὰ π. δ., He 11:7; opp. to this is ἡ ἐκ νόμου δ., Ro 10:5; ἡ δ. ἐν ν., Phl 3:6; ἡ ἰδία δ., Ro 10:3, cf. Phl 3:9

In narrower sense (cf. δίκαιος), justice: Ac 17:31, II Pe 1:1, Re 19:11 (DCG, ii, 529 ff.; Cremer, 190, 690).

δικαιοσύνη. So far as we have noticed, this word is rare in the papyri, though it occurs very frequently in the inscriptions. From the papyri we can quote P Rein ro®(B.c. 111), where it is used as a_name or title of Cleopatra: cf. Sy// 763 Ἴσιδι Δικαιοσύνηι with the editor’s note, BGU IV. 11384 (B.c. 19), in a cancelled line, ἐπὶ τὸ(ν) τῆς SuKarortyn(s) gov [χ]ρηματισίμόν), in a petition to an epistrategus. P Leid σύνη οὐκ ἀποκινῖται, οὗ al μοῦσαι ὑμνοῦσι τὸ ἔνδοξον (ὄνομα). In the magic P Lond 46:95 (iv/a.p.) (=I. p. 78) it is found in a hymn addressed to Hermes. In P Thead 23° (A.D. 342) a man petitions Flavius Abinnaeus with reference to his neighbour who has attacked his sheep ληστρικῷ τρόπ[ῳ] .. . παρὰ τὴν [δικα]ήιοσύνην, ‘after the manner of a brigand, contrary to justice.” From the inserr. it is sufficient to add OGJS 33945 (c. B.C. 120) διὰ τὴν τῶν ἀνδρῶν δικαιοσύνην τε καὶ φιλοτιμίαν, 20. 438° (i/B.c.) ἄνδρα ἀγαθὸν γενόμενον καὶ διενένκαντα πίστει καὶ ἀρετῇ καὶ δ[ικ]αιοσύνῃ καὶ εὐσεβείαι (cf. 2 Pet τῦ [), Cagnat IV. 247° (c. B.C. 150), where the Demos of Assos, having been asked by that of Stratonicea to appoint an arbitrator for them, gives itself a testimonial as διὰ παντὸς πρόνοιαν ποιούμενος περὶ Sikatorvvys. The Index in Syé/ III. contains about thirty references for the word.

δικαιοσύνη (dikaiosunē) — righteousness. δῐκαι-οσύνη, ἡ, righteousness, justice, [LXX+6th c.BC+]; δ. δικαστική legal justice, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; opposed to ἐπιείκεια, [Refs]

2. fulfilment of the Law, [LXX+NT]

II. justice, the business of a judge, [Refs 5th c.BC+]

III. Δ., personified, [Refs]

IV. [Refs 4th c.BC+] name for four, [Refs]

V. δικαιοσύνη· ἡ χοῖνιξ, μυστικῶς, [Refs 5th c.AD+]