Ezekiel 16:18 — Word Study
WLCוַתִּקְחִ֛י אֶת־ בִּגְדֵ֥י רִקְמָתֵ֖ךְ וַתְּכַסִּ֑ים וְשַׁמְנִי֙ וּקְטָרְתִּ֔י נָתַ֖תְּ לִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃
BSAYou tooklâqach▸ [to get, to seize] your embroideredriqmâh [with diverse colors, intricately designed] garmentsbeged [clothing, robes] to cover themkâçâh▸ [to hide, to conceal] and you setnâthan■ [to put, to place] My oilshemen [olive oil, ointment] and incenseqᵉṭôreth [a sweet smoke, a pleasing aroma] before thempânîym [in the presence of, facing]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וַתִּקְחִ֛י | and you took | Verb, Qal, sequential imperfect second person feminine singular |
| אֶת־ | the object marker | Particle |
| בִּגְדֵ֥י | [the] clothes of | Noun common, masculine plural construct |
| רִקְמָתֵ֖ךְ | multicolored cloth your | Noun common feminine singular construct, suffix |
| וַתְּכַסִּ֑ים | and you covered them | Verb piel sequential imperfect second person feminine singular, suffix |
| וְשַׁמְנִי֙ | and oil my | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| וּקְטָרְתִּ֔י | and incense my | Conjunction, noun common feminine singular construct, suffix |
| נָתַ֖תְּ | you put | Verb, Qal, perfect second person feminine singular |
| לִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃ | before them | Preposition, noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | You took your embroidered garments to cover them, and you set My oil and incense before them. |
| KJV | And tookest thy broidered garments, and coveredst them: and thou hast set mine oil and mine incense before them. |
| ASV | and thou tookest thy broidered garments, and coveredst them, and didst set mine oil and mine incense before them. |
| YLT | And dost take the garments of thy embroidery, And thou dost cover them, And My oil and My perfume thou hast set before them. |
| WEB | You took your embroidered garments, covered them, and set my oil and my incense before them. |
| BBE | And you took your robes of needlework for their clothing, and put my oil and my perfume before them. |
Where they part company is in the rendering of וַתְּכַסִּ֑י — see How Translations Differ.
The main actions are clearly articulated, with the first clause focusing on the act of taking and the second on the act of setting, showing a deliberate sequence of betrayal.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbלָקַח
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Ezekiel 16:18
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — God's Charge Against Jerusalemgenerated
Ezekiel 16:18 is part of a larger passage where God, through Ezekiel, rebukes Jerusalem for her infidelity. The imagery used here illustrates how Israel has taken the gifts and offerings meant for God and used them to adorn idols, demonstrating a profound betrayal of their covenant relationship with Him. This theme of unfaithfulness is prevalent throughout the chapter, as God recounts the history of His love and care for Israel.
Cross References
The Key Word — רִקְמָתֵ֖ךְ, rik.ma.Tekhgenerated
The Hebrew word רִקְמָה (*riqmah*) refers to embroidery or variegated fabric, emphasizing colorful needlework. It is derived from the root word for 'variegation of color' and is associated with decorative textiles. In this context, it highlights the beauty and intricacy of the garments that were misused to cover idols instead of honoring God.
This word's usage in this verse underscores the depth of Israel's betrayal. Instead of using their finest offerings for worship, they adorned false gods, showing a lack of reverence for what was sacred.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verbs תִּקְחִ֛י and תְּכַסִּ֑י govern the main actions in the verse, with the objects following them. The structure reflects a sequence of actions: first taking the garments and then covering the idols, emphasizing the deliberate nature of the actions.
The sentence flows with a clear cause-and-effect relationship, illustrating how Israel's actions of taking and covering directly relate to their unfaithfulness.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates וַתִּקְחִ֛י as ἔλαβες (you took), which retains the original meaning but may imply a more active role in the act of taking. This choice reflects the translators' understanding of the Hebrew's intent.
The choice of σου for רִקְמָתֵ֖ךְ indicates a personal connection, emphasizing that these garments were specifically yours, thus intensifying the sense of betrayal.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Ezekiel 16:18 shows how Israel took beautiful garments meant for God and used them to cover idols instead. This act represents a deep betrayal of their relationship with God, as they offered precious things to false gods instead of honoring Him.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Covering idols with embroidered garments symbolizes Israel's unfaithfulness and betrayal of God, as they used offerings meant for Him to honor false gods.
The embroidered garments highlight the beauty and value of what was misused, emphasizing the depth of Israel's infidelity.
Setting oil and incense before idols signifies the act of worship and reverence that should have been directed towards God, illustrating Israel's misplaced devotion.
This verse reflects Ezekiel's overall message of calling Israel to repentance for their unfaithfulness and idolatry, reminding them of their covenant with God.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways do I see the temptation to prioritize worldly things over my relationship with God?
- How can I ensure that I am honoring God with my offerings and not misplacing my devotion?
- What steps can I take to recognize and turn away from any idols in my life?
- How does understanding the context of this verse help me grasp the seriousness of Israel's actions?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Christian writers, like Origen of Alexandria, referenced this verse to discuss the consequences of misusing God's gifts and the importance of true worship.
These various clothes and beautiful garments that God has bestowed on us, if we cut them up and rip them and surround them with false teaching to deceive human beings, there is no doubt that we are covering idols with different clothing.Early Church Fathers on Ezekiel 16 →
To me who preaches the gospel in the church, the devil always stretches out a noose, in order to confuse the whole church with my conduct.Early Church Fathers on Ezekiel 16 →
We do not imitate anyone, but if we want to imitate anyone, we should imitate Jesus Christ.Early Church Fathers on Ezekiel 16 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Ezekiel 16:18 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd tookest thy broidered garments, and coveredst them,.... The images of men, the idols they worshipped; see Jeremiah 10:4; so the Papists at this day cover their idols, the images of the Virgin
Read John Gill on Ezekiel 16 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd tookest thy broidered garments and coveredst them: and thou hast set mine oil and mine incense And tookest thy broidered garments, and coveredst them: and thou hast set mine oil and mine incense before them.
Read Robert Jamieson on Ezekiel 16 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleThy broidered garments, mentioned , given by him who espoused this woman. Coveredst them; didst clothe the adulterers with whom thou didst commit lewdness, or didst clothe the images which thou hadst made, as was the custom of idolaters to suit clothing to their idols. Mine oil; either in lamps to burn before them, or used in their sacrificing to their idols; or literally, didst in thy feast with thine adulterous lovers entertain them with the oil I gave thee. Mine incense; burnt before the idol incense, being one part of what they offered to idols; or burnt in the private house, to make it the more grateful to the adulterer, as ,17.
Read Matthew Poole on Ezekiel 16 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsEzekiel 16:18 And tookest thy broidered garments, and coveredst them: and thou hast set mine oil and mine incense before them.Ver. 18. And tookest thy broidered, &c.] See Ezekiel 16:16.
Read John Trapp on Ezekiel 16 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 18. Hast set mine oil and mine incense before them.] It appears that they had made use of the holy vestments, and the different kinds of offerings which belonged to the Lord, to honour their idols.
Read AdamClarke on Ezekiel 16 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges15–34. The wife’s infidelities—Israel’s idolatries and idolatrous alliances with foreign nations The idolatries of Israel are represented figuratively as a wife’s infidelities against her husband, as had been common in the prophets since Hosea, particularly in Jeremiah (in Isaiah only the single passage ch. Ezekiel 1:21). These idolatries seem presented in two stages: Ezekiel 16:15-22, her addicting herself to the worship and religious customs of the Canaanites among whom she dwelt; and Ezekiel 16:23-34, her alliances with foreign peoples and adoption of their religions.
Read Cambridge on Ezekiel 16 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleMine oil and mine incense - The oil was the produce of the land, the incense received in exchange for such produce.
Read Albert Barnes on Ezekiel 16 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible18. Tookest thy broidered garments, and coveredst them — See on Ezekiel 16:10. “The Semites on festal occasions dressed up their sacred poles and did the same with their idols.” — W. Robertson Smith.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Ezekiel 16 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
You took your embroidered garments to cover them, and you set My oil and incense before them.
You took your embroidered garments, covered them, and set my oil and my incense before them.
You took your embroidered garments to cover them, and you set My oil and incense before them.
You took your embroidered clothing and used it to cover them; you offered my olive oil and my incense to them.
Tyndale line
And tookest thy broidered garments, and coveredst them: and thou hast set mine oil and mine incense before them.
and thou tookest thy broidered garments, and coveredst them, and didst set mine oil and mine incense before them.
and thou tookest thy broidered garments, and coveredst them, and didst set mine oil and mine incense before them.
And hast taken thy broidered garments, and covered them: and thou hast set my oil and my incense before them.
And tookest thy broydred garments, and coueredst them: and thou hast set mine oyle and my perfume before them.
Strictly literal
And thou tookest thine embroidered garments, and coveredst them; and thou didst set mine oil and mine incense before them.
And dost take the garments of thy embroidery, And thou dost cover them, And My oil and My perfume thou hast set before them.
And you take the garments of your embroidery, || And cover them, || And you have set My oil and My incense before them.
And thou didst take thy broidered garments, and cover them: and my oil and my incense didst thou place before them.
You took your embroidered garments and covered them, and you set my oils and perfumes before them.
From the Latin
And thou tookest thy garments of divers colours, and coveredst them: and settest my oil and my sweet incense before them.
Simplified
You used your embroidered clothes to dress them, and you placed before them my olive oil and incense.
And you took your robes of needlework for their clothing, and put my oil and my perfume before them.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in their wording for this verse, with the Septuagint translating seven of the nine Hebrew words directly. This indicates a consistent understanding of the text's meaning across these traditions.
וַתִּקְחִ֛י אֶת־ בִּגְדֵ֥י רִקְמָתֵ֖ךְ וַתְּכַסִּ֑ים וְשַׁמְנִי֙ וּקְטָרְתִּ֔י נָתַ֖תְּ לִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃
7 of the 9 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Ezekiel 16:18
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word לָקַח (*laqach*) means 'to take' and encompasses a wide range of actions, including to receive, seize, capture, and carry away. It can refer to taking something in hand, taking a wife, or even taking vengeance. The verb has various forms indicating different nuances, such as being taken away or captured.
לָקַח 965 vb. take
Qal
take, take in hand
take and carry along with oneself
take from, or out of
take, carry away
take away from, so as to deprive of
esp. take away life
take to or for a person
take up, upon = put upon
= fetch
take = lead, conduct (with or without contact)
take = capture, seize
take = carry off
in phr. take vengeance
Niph.
be captured, of ark
be taken away, removed
be taken, brought unto
Pu.
be taken from, out of
= be stolen from
be taken captive
be taken away, removed
Hoph.
be taken, brought unto
be taken out of
be taken away from
Hithp. lit. fire taking hold of itself, of lightning
base
H3947 לָקַח take .. take, take in hand
. take and carry along with oneself
. . take from, or out of
. take, carry away
. take away from, so as to deprive of
. esp. take away life
. take to or for a person
. take up, upon = put upon
. = fetch
. take = lead, conduct (with or without contact)
. take = capture, seize
. take = carry off
. in phr. take vengeance
. . be captured, of ark
. be taken away, removed
. be taken, brought unto
. . be taken from, out of
. = be stolen from
. be taken captive
. be taken away, removed
. . be taken, brought unto
. be taken out of
. be taken away from
. lit. fire taking hold of itself, of lightning
3947 laqach law-kakh'
a primitive root; to take (in the widest variety of
applications):--accept, bring, buy, carry away, drawn, fetch,
get, infold, X many, mingle, place, receive(-ing), reserve,
seize, send for, take (away, -ing, up), use, win.
לָקַח (la.qach) — to take: take.
: take
1) to take, get, fetch, lay hold of, seize, receive, acquire, buy, bring, marry, take a wife, snatch, take away
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to take, take in the hand
1a2) to take and carry along
1a3) to take from, take out of, take, carry away, take away
1a4) to take to or for a person, procure, get, take possession of, select, choose, take in marriage, receive, accept
1a5) to take up or upon, put upon
1a6) to fetch
1a7) to take, lead, conduct
1a8) to take, capture, seize
1a9) to take, carry off 1a10) to take (vengeance)
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be captured
1b2) to be taken away, be removed
1b3) to be taken, brought unto
1c) (Pual)
1c1) to be taken from or out of
1c2) to be stolen from
1c3) to be taken captive
1c4) to be taken away, be removed
1d) (Hophal)
1d1) to be taken unto, be brought unto
1d2) to be taken out of
1d3) to be taken away
1e) (Hithpael)
1e1) to take hold of oneself
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-2fs — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect second person feminine singularHc/Vqw2fs
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HTo — ParticleHTo
בֶּ֫גֶד (beged) has meanings related to both clothing and treachery. It can refer to a garment or covering, as well as deceit or betrayal. The word is built from a root that suggests a duality in its usage, appearing in contexts that range from apparel to treacherous actions, notably in Isaiah 24:16 and Jeremiah 12:1.
H899a בֶּ֫גֶד treachery H899b בֶּ֫גֶד garment, covering
899 beged behg'-ed
from 898; a covering, i.e. clothing; also treachery or
pillage:--apparel, cloth(-es, ing), garment, lap, rag,
raiment, robe, X very (treacherously), vesture, wardrobe.
see HEBREW for 0898
בֶּ֫גֶד (be.ged) — treachery.
treachery, deceit
בֶּ֫גֶד (be.ged) — garment.
(CLBL) garment, clothing (used indiscriminately)
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural constructHNcmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
רִקְמָה (riqmah) refers to embroidery or variegated fabric, emphasizing colorful needlework. It is derived from the root word for 'variegation of color' and is associated with decorative textiles. The term appears in contexts related to richly designed garments.
רִקְמָה n.f. variegated stuff
base
H7553 רִקְמָה
7553 riqmah rik-maw'
from 7551; variegation of color; specifically,
embroidery:--broidered (work), divers colours, (raiment of)
needlework (on both sides).
see HEBREW for 07551
רִקְמָה (riq.mah) — embroidery.
variegated stuff, embroidered
N-fs | Suff — Noun common feminine singular construct · suffixHNcfsc/Sp2fs
The Hebrew word כָּסָה (*kacah*) primarily means to cover or conceal. It encompasses a range of meanings, including to clothe, hide, or overwhelm. The entries describe various forms of the verb, such as being covered or covering oneself, and its use in contexts like protection or sin. There is no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
[כָּסָה] vb. cover
Qal
conceal
pass. (cstr.) covered in respect of sin (by God, which he thus puts out of sight)
Niph. covered
Pi.
cover, clothe
cover, conceal blood
cover (with covering of protection)
cover, spread over
cover, overwhelm
cover over
Pual.
be covered
be clothed
Hithp. cover, clothe oneself
base
H3680 כָּסָה cover .. conceal
. pass. (cstr.) covered in respect of sin (by God, which he thus puts out of sight)
. covered
. . cover, clothe
. cover, conceal blood
. cover (with covering of protection)
. cover, spread over
. cover, overwhelm
. cover over
. . be covered
. be clothed
. cover, clothe oneself
3680 kacah kaw-saw'
a primitive root; properly, to plump, i.e. fill up hollows;
by implication, to cover (for clothing or secrecy):--clad
self, close, clothe, conceal, cover (self), (flee to) hide,
overwhelm. Compare 3780.
see HEBREW for 03780
כָּסָה (ka.sah) — to cover.
1) to cover, conceal, hide
1a) (Qal) conceal, covered (participle)
1b) (Niphal) to be covered
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to cover, clothe
1c2) to cover, conceal
1c3) to cover (for protection)
1c4) to cover over, spread over
1c5) to cover, overwhelm
1d) (Pual)
1d1) to be covered
1d2) to be clothed
1e) (Hithpael) to cover oneself, clothe oneself
Conj | V-Piel-ConsecImperf-2fs | Suff — Verb piel sequential imperfect second person feminine singular · suffixHc/Vpw2fs/Sp3mp
שֶׁ֫מֶן (shemen) refers to fat or oil, particularly olive oil, and includes meanings related to richness and anointing. It is derived from the root word for grease and can also metaphorically describe fertile land. The entries consistently highlight its use in contexts like medicinal applications and anointing.
שֶׁ֫מֶן 192 n.m. fat, oil
base
H8081 שֶׁ֫מֶן fat, oil
8081 shemen sheh'-men
from 8080; grease, especially liquid (as from the olive,
often perfumed); figuratively, richness:--anointing, X fat
(things), X fruitful, oil((-ed)), ointment, olive, + pine.
see HEBREW for 08080
שֶׁ֫מֶן (she.men) — oil.
1) fat, oil
1a) fat, fatness
1b) oil, olive oil
1b1) as staple, medicament or unguent
1b2) for anointing
1c) fat (of fruitful land, valleys) (metaph)
Conj | N-ms | Suff — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHC/Ncmsc/Sp1bs
קְטֹ֫רֶת (qtoreth) refers to smoke or the odour of burning sacrifices, specifically incense or perfume. It is derived from the root word for fumigation. The term encompasses the sweet smoke associated with sacrifices and is used in contexts related to offerings.
קְטֹ֫רֶת 60 n.f. smoke, odour of (burning) sacrifice, incense
base
H7004 קְטֹ֫רֶת smoke, odour of (burning) sacrifice, incense
7004 qtoreth ket-o'-reth
from 6999; a fumigation:--(sweet) incense, perfume.
see HEBREW for 06999
קְטֹ֫רֶת (qe.to.ret) — incense.
1) incense, smoke, odour of (burning) sacrifice
1a) sweet smoke of sacrifice
1b) incense
1c) perfume
Conj | N-fs | Suff — Conjunction · noun common feminine singular construct · suffixHC/Ncfsc/Sp1bs
The Hebrew word נָתַן (natan) means 'to give' and encompasses a wide range of applications such as putting, setting, and making. It can also indicate actions like bestowing, delivering, and assigning. The entries describe its use in various forms, including Qal, Niphal, and Hophal, but do not present any significant disagreements among lexicons.
נָתַן 2007 vb. give, put, set
Qal 1917
give
Put, set
Make, constitute
Niph.
82be given
Be put, set
Hoph.
be given, bestowed
= be given to one for wife
be put upon
base
H5414 נָתַן give, put, set .. give
. Put, set
. Make, constitute
. . be given
. Be put, set
. . . be given, bestowed
. = be given to one for wife
. be put upon
5414 nathan naw-than'
a primitive root; to give, used with greatest latitude of
application (put, make, etc.):--add, apply, appoint, ascribe,
assign, X avenge, X be ((healed)), bestow, bring (forth,
hither), cast, cause, charge, come, commit, consider, count, +
cry, deliver (up), direct, distribute, do, X doubtless, X
without fail, fasten, frame, X get, give (forth, over, up),
grant, hang (up), X have, X indeed, lay (unto charge, up),
(give) leave, lend, let (out), + lie, lift up, make, + O that,
occupy, offer, ordain, pay, perform, place, pour, print, X
pull , put (forth), recompense, render, requite, restore, send
(out), set (forth), shew, shoot forth (up), + sing, + slander,
strike, (sub-)mit, suffer, X surely, X take, thrust, trade,
turn, utter, + weep, + willingly, + withdraw, + would (to)
God, yield.
נָתַן (na.tan) — to give: give.
: give/deliver/send/produce
1) to give, put, set
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to give, bestow, grant, permit, ascribe, employ, devote, consecrate, dedicate, pay wages, sell, exchange, lend, commit, entrust, give over, deliver up, yield produce, occasion, produce, requite to, report, mention, utter, stretch out, extend
1a2) to put, set, put on, put upon, set, appoint, assign, designate
1a3) to make, constitute
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be given, be bestowed, be provided, be entrusted to, be granted to, be permitted, be issued, be published, be uttered, be assigned
1b2) to be set, be put, be made, be inflicted
1c) (Hophal)
1c1) to be given, be bestowed, be given up, be delivered up
1c2) to be put upon
נָתַן (na.tan) — to give: put.
: put/set/apppoint
1) to give, put, set
1a) (Qal)
V-Qal-Perf-2fs — Verb · Qal · perfect second person feminine singularHVqp2fs
put (puT; Phoud, in Genesis and Chronicles, variant for Genesis Phout, for Chronicles, Phouth):
1. Renderings:
In consequence of the identification at the time, the prophets have "Libya" (Libues), except Nab 3:9, where the Greek renders the word as phuge, "flight." The Vulgate (Jerome's Latin Bible, 390-405 A.D.) has "Phut," "Phuth," and in the Prophets "Libyes" and "Libya"; the King James Version "Phut."
2. Son of Ham:
In the "Table of Nations" Put is the third son of Ham (Ge 10:6), the first and second being Cush and Misraim, and the fourth Canaan. Put is the only one of the sons of Ham who is not credited with descendants.
3. As Nationality:
In the Prophets, warriors from Put are referred to, principally in connection with the forces of Egypt. They appear as shield-bearers (Jer 46:9…
(1 Chronicles 1:8; Nahum 3:9) [PHUT, PUT]
→ See PHUT
The Hebrew word פָּנֶה (*pāneh*) is a noun meaning 'face' or 'presence,' and it appears in various contexts, including the faces of seraphim and animals, as well as the surface of the ground. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in front of.' The word is built from a root that suggests turning or facing, and it encompasses a wide range of applications, both literal and figurative.
[פָּנֶה], pl. פָּנִים 2123 n.m. face, also faces
face, faces
presence, person
technically, see one's face, i.e. appear before one, in one's presence
face of seraphim
face of animals
face (= surface) of ground
as adv.loc. before
for other phrases
with prepositions
base
H6440 פָּנֶה, pl. פָּנִים face, also faces . . face, faces
. . presence, person
. technically, see one's face, i.e. appear before one, in one's presence
. face of seraphim
. face of animals
. face (= surface) of ground
. as adv. loc. before
. for other phrases
. with prepositions
6440 paniym paw-neem'
plural (but always as singular) of an unused noun (paneh
{paw-neh'}; from 6437); the face (as the part that turns);
used in a great variety of applications (literally and
figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a
preposition (before, etc.):--+ accept, a-(be- )fore(-time),
against, anger, X as (long as), at, + battle, + because (of),
+ beseech, countenance, edge, + employ, endure, + enquire,
face, favour, fear of, for, forefront(-part), form(-er
time, -ward), from, front, heaviness, X him(-self), +
honourable, + impudent, + in, it, look(-eth) (- s), X me, +
meet, X more than, mouth, of, off, (of) old (time), X on,
open, + out of, over against, the partial, person, + please,
presence, propect, was purposed, by reason of, + regard, right
forth, + serve, X shewbread, sight, state, straight, + street,
X thee, X them(-selves), through (+ - out), till, time(-s)
פָּנֶה (pa.neh) — face: before.
: before/to/front
1) face
1a) face, faces
1b) presence, person
1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim)
1d) face (of animals)
1e) face, surface (of ground)
1f) as adv of loc/temp
1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before
1g) with prep
1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from before the face of
פָּנֶה (pa.neh) — face.
: face
1) face
1a) face, faces
1b) presence, person
1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim)
1d) face (of animals)
1e) face, surface (of ground)
1f) as adv of loc/temp
1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before
1g) with prep
1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from…
Prep | N-cp | Suff — Preposition · noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHR/Ncmpc/Sp3mp