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Isaiah 42:9 — Word Study

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WLCהָרִֽאשֹׁנ֖וֹת הִנֵּה־ בָ֑אוּ וַֽחֲדָשׁוֹת֙ אֲנִ֣י מַגִּ֔יד בְּטֶ֥רֶם תִּצְמַ֖חְנָה אַשְׁמִ֥יע אֶתְכֶֽם׃ פ

BSABeholdhinnêh [look, see] the former thingsriʼshôwn [events, prophesied happenings] have happenedbôwʼ and now Iʼănîy [God, the Lord] declarenâgad [proclaim, tell openly] new thingschâdâsh [recent, fresh revelations] Beforeṭerem [prior to, in advance of] they spring forthtsâmach [grow, come into being] I proclaim themshâmaʻ [tell, make known] to youʼêth [to your hearing, for your understanding]

Word
Listen & take awayIsaiah 42
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 9 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration ('et.Khem) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Isaiah 42:9quick helps
In a sentenceGod declares that past events have occurred and announces new revelations.
Who is speakingGod, who emphasizes His role in proclaiming new things.
Where we areA declaration of God's sovereignty and foreknowledge.
The hard wordמַגִּ֔יד
Take awayGod's declarations are both a reminder of the past and a promise of the future.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause subjectאֲנִי verbבּוֹא The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Isaiah 42:9

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — God's Declaration of New Thingsgenerated

8I am the LORD; that is My name! I will not yield My glory to another or My praise to idols.
9Behold, the former things have happened, and now I declare new things. Before they spring forth I proclaim them to you.”
10Sing to the LORD a new song— His praise from the ends of the earth— you who go down to the sea, and all that is in it, you islands, and all who dwell in them.
11Let the desert and its cities raise their voices; let the villages of Kedar cry aloud. Let the people of Sela sing for joy; let them cry out from the mountaintops.

Isaiah 42:9 reveals God's declaration that former events have indeed taken place, establishing His authority and faithfulness. He then announces new revelations, emphasizing His role as the one who knows and proclaims what is to come. This passage reflects God's continual engagement with His creation and His ability to reveal fresh insights and truths to His people.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Genesis 15:12–16As the sun was setting, Abram fell into a deep sleep, and suddenly great terror and darkness overwhelmed him.
2Joshua 21:45Not one of all the LORD’s good promises to the house of Israel had failed; everything was fulfilled.
3Joshua 23:14–15Now behold, today I am going the way of all the earth, and you know with all your heart and soul that not one of the good promises the LORD your God made to you has failed. Everything was fulfilled for you; not one promise has failed.
41 Kings 8:15–20and said: “Blessed be the LORD, the God of Israel, who has fulfilled with His own hand what He spoke with His mouth to my father David, saying,
51 Kings 11:36I will give one tribe to his son, so that My servant David will always have a lamp before Me in Jerusalem, the city where I chose to put My Name.

The Key Word מַגִּ֔יד, ma.Gidgenerated

The verb נָגַד (*nagad*), from which מַגִּ֔יד is derived, means 'to declare' or 'to tell'. It indicates an active role in making known something that is significant. In this context, it emphasizes God's intention to openly proclaim new truths.

As a participle in the Hiphil form, it suggests that God is not just announcing but is actively involved in the process of revelation. This word reflects God's authority and the importance of His messages to His people.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The finite verb מַגִּ֔יד, about to tell, governs the verse, with several clauses elaborating on what God is declaring. The structure highlights God's sovereignty in declaring both past events and future revelations.

The order of the clauses emphasizes the sequence of God's actions: first, He acknowledges the former things that have come to pass, and then He transitions to the new things He will proclaim.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint uses the Greek word ἀναγγελῶ, meaning 'I will proclaim' or 'declare'. This choice aligns closely with the Hebrew meaning and emphasizes the act of making known, suggesting a continuity in God's communication through both Hebrew and Greek texts.

This choice of wording indicates a strong connection between the Hebrew and Greek traditions in understanding God's role as a declarer of truth.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Isaiah 42:9 shows that God declares that past events have occurred and announces new revelations. He emphasizes His role in proclaiming these truths before they come to pass, assuring His people of His ongoing presence and knowledge.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does God mean by 'the former things have happened'?

God is referring to past events that He has fulfilled, demonstrating His faithfulness and sovereignty over history.

What are the 'new things' that God declares?

The 'new things' refer to fresh revelations and insights that God is about to proclaim, indicating His ongoing engagement with His people.

Why does God proclaim these things before they spring forth?

By proclaiming future events in advance, God assures His people of His control over history and His ability to reveal what is to come.

How can we understand God's declarations today?

We can understand God's declarations as His continued communication with us, offering guidance, insight, and assurance of His plans for our lives.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. What past events in my life can I recognize as God's faithfulness?
  2. How can I be more attentive to the new revelations God may be proclaiming in my life?
  3. In what ways can I share God's declarations with others?
  4. How does understanding God's sovereignty over past and future events affect my faith?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Early church fathers reference this verse to emphasize God's declarations and the fulfillment of His promises. Their quotations are included here.

Eusebius of CaesareaCOMMENTARY ON Isaiah 2:22 c. 260–340
“Behold, the first things,” he says, “came to pass. But I proclaim new things, and before they arise, I will cause these things to be heard by you.” Just as he says “the first things” would be fulfilled through my works,
Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 42 →
Cyril of AlexandriaCOMMENTARY ON Isaiah 3:5.42:9 c. 376–444
When the prophet says, “See, the former things have come to pass, and new things I now declare; before they spring forth, I tell you of them,” he does not allow for us to disbelieve the word of the Savior in any respect.
Early Church Fathers on Isaiah 42 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Isaiah 42:9 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Behold, the former things are come to pass,.... Which the Lord had foretold in former times, as to Abraham, concerning the affliction of his posterity in Egypt, the bringing them out from thence, and

Read John Gill on Isaiah 42 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

Behold, the former things are come to pass, and new things do I declare: before they spring forth I tell you of them.

Read Robert Jamieson on Isaiah 42 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

The former things are come to pass, and new things do I declare: as all things which I have formerly promised or foretold have exactly come to pass in their proper seasons, and not one of them failed, as was noted, ; so you have great reason to believe that what I now promise, though it be new and strange to you, shall infallibly be accomplished. Before they spring forth I tell you of them, that when they come to pass, you may know that I am God, and that this is my work. Compare .

Read Matthew Poole on Isaiah 42 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Isaiah 42:9 Behold, the former things are come to pass, and new things do I declare: before they spring forth I tell you of them.Ver. 9. Behold, the former things are come to pass.] The prophecies are fulfilled. Before they spring forth, I tell you of them.] Therefore I am the true God undoubtedly, and the doctrine of my prophets is true assuredly, veriora quam quae ex tripode. Siquidem Satan etsi semel videatur verax, millies est mendax, et semper fallax.

Read John Trapp on Isaiah 42 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(8, 9) I am the Lord. . . .—The prophet grasps the full meaning of the name revealed in Exodus 3:15. It follows from that meaning that God cannot look with indifference on the transfer to the “graven image” of the worship due to Him. With his vision of Cyrus still present to his thoughts, the prophet again presses the unique point of prediction as distinguishing the religion of Israel from that of the heathen. The “former things” refer probably not to the remote past, but to Isaiah’s earlier prophecies, say the whole Assyrian cycle, on which he now looks back from his new stand-point; or even, as in Isaiah 41:22, to the near future of the conquests of Cyrus as compared with that which was…

Read Charles John Ellicott on Isaiah 42 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

9. the former things] the things formerly predicted. The reference probably is to prophecies just fulfilled in the successes of Cyrus. The new things are the substance of the present prophecy, the exaltation of the Servant, the redemption of Israel, and the conversion of the heathen. (see Introd., p. xxi.)

Read Cambridge on Isaiah 42 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Behold, the former things are come to pass - That is, the former things which he had foretold.

Read Albert Barnes on Isaiah 42 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

9. The former things — “Former” prophecies, respecting which some suppose earlier predictions are meant.

Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Isaiah 42 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

Behold, the former things have happened, and now I declare new things. Before they spring forth I proclaim them to you.”

WEBWorld English Bible2000

Behold, the former things have happened and I declare new things. I tell you about them before they come up.”

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

Behold, the former things have happened, and now I declare new things. Before they spring forth I proclaim them to you.”

NETBNew English Translation2006

Look, my earlier predictive oracles have come to pass; now I announce new events. Before they begin to occur, I reveal them to you.”

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

Behold, the former things are come to pass, and new things do I declare: before they spring forth I tell you of them.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

Behold, the former things are come to pass, and new things do I declare; before they spring forth I tell you of them.

RVARevised Version, American1894

Behold, the former things are come to pass, and new things do I declare: before they spring forth I tell you of them.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

Behold, the former things have come to pass, and new things do I declare: before they spring forth I tell you of them.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

Beholde, the former thinges are come to passe, and newe things doe I declare: before they come foorth, I tell you of them.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

Behold, the former things are come to pass, and new things do I declare: before they spring forth will I cause you to hear them.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

The former things, lo, have come, And new things I am declaring, Before they spring up I cause you to hear.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

The former things, behold, have come, || And I am declaring new things, || Before they spring up I cause you to hear.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

The former things, behold, are come to pass; and new things do I announce; before they spring forth I let you hear of them.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

See, the previous things came to pass, now I am about to declare new events. Before they begin to occur I will tell you about them.”

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

The things that were first, behold they are come: and new things do I declare: before they spring forth, I will make you head them.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

Notice that what I foretold has come true, as will the new things I'm saying to you now. I tell you what will happen before it does.”

BBEBible in Basic English1949

See, the things said before have come about, and now I give word of new things: before they come I give you news of them.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseclausenoun phraseהָthe.formerרִֽאשֹׁנ֖וֹת[things]clauseהִנֵּהthere!clauseverbבָ֑אוּthey.have.comeוַֽandclauseobjectחֲדָשׁוֹת֙new.[things]subjectאֲנִ֣יIverbמַגִּ֔יד[am].about.to.tellclauseclauseprepositional phraseבְּbeforeטֶ֥רֶםbeforeclauseverbתִּצְמַ֖חְנָהthey.will.spring.upclauseverbאַשְׁמִ֥יעI.will.cause.to.hear.[them]noun phrase · objectאֶתְכֶֽםyou

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in their wording, with 9 of the 10 words matched. The Dead Sea Scrolls also support the MT, though some words are partially restored or supplied by editors, indicating some textual variations but consistent themes.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

הָרִֽאשֹׁנ֖וֹת הִנֵּה־ בָ֑אוּ וַֽחֲדָשׁוֹת֙ אֲנִ֣י מַגִּ֔יד בְּטֶ֥רֶם תִּצְמַ֖חְנָה אַשְׁמִ֥יע אֶתְכֶֽם׃ פ

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
הָרִֽאשֹׁנ֖וֹתτὰהִנֵּה־ἰδοὺבָ֑אוּἥκασινוַֽחֲדָשׁוֹת֙καινὰאֲנִ֣יἐγὼמַגִּ֔ידἀναγγελῶבְּטֶ֥רֶםπρὸאַשְׁמִ֥יעἐδηλώθηאֶתְכֶֽם׃ פὑμῖν

9 of the 10 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 1Qisaaa copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

הרישונות הנה באו והחדשות אני מגיד בטרם תצמחנה אשמיע את׳כמה

10 words on the leather.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 4Q56a copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

[הראשנות] [הנה] באו וחדשות אני [מגיד] [בטרם] [תצמחנה] [אשמיע] [את׳כם]

nothing on the leather here — 3 partly restored, 7 supplied entire by an editor.

Dead Sea Scrolls — 4Q62a copy a thousand years older than the Leningrad Codex

[הראשנות] הנה באו וחדשות אני מגיד [בטרם] [תצמחנה] [אשמיע] את׳כם

5 words on the leather — 1 partly restored, 4 supplied entire by an editor.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Isaiah 42:9רִאשׁוֹןthe former the former [thiרִאשׁוֹןהִנֵּהthere!there!הִנֵּהבּוֹאthey have cthey have comeבּוֹאחָדָשׁand new [thand new [thingsחָדָשׁאֲנִיIIאֲנִינָגַד[am] about [am] about to tנָגַדטֶ֫רֶםbeforebeforeטֶ֫רֶםצָמַחthey will sthey will sprinצָמַחשָׁמַעI will causI will cause toשָׁמַעאֵתthe object the object markאֵתרִאשָׁהbeginningbeginningרִאשָׁהחָדַשׁto renewto renewחָדַשׁאָֽנֹכִ֫יIIאָֽנֹכִ֫יאוֹתsign: mirasign: miraculouאוֹתהֵןlook!look!הֵןאַחֲרוֹןlastlastאַחֲרוֹןלוּחַtablettabletלוּחַנֶ֫גַעplagueplagueנֶ֫גַעחֲלוֹםdreamdreamחֲלוֹםשֶׁ֫מֶשׁsunsunשֶׁ֫מֶשׁעֲגָלָהcartcartעֲגָלָהנְאֻםutteranceutteranceנְאֻםיָדַעto knowto knowיָדַעקָרָאto encountto encounter: mקָרָאחוּלto twist: to twist: trembחוּלצֶ֫מַחbranchbranchצֶ֫מַחחָצִירgrassgrassחָצִירקוֹלvoice: souvoice: soundקוֹל
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Isaiah 42:9

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

the former [things] there! they have come and new [things] I [am] about to tell before they will spring up I will cause to hear [them] the object marker you
הָרִֽאשֹׁנ֖וֹתha.ri.sho.Not the former [things] H7223 Particle
182× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means 'first' or 'primary', referring to something that comes before others in time, place, or rank. It is used to describe the first or most important thing in a series or list.
Amplified meaning
events, prophesied happenings
Tyndale gloss
first
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word רִאשׁוֹן (*ri'shown*) means 'first' and can refer to something that is primary, former, or chief. It encompasses meanings related to time, rank, and location, indicating ancestors or previous things. The entries consistently emphasize its use as an adjective and adverb, with no significant disagreement noted among the lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רִאשׁוֹן 182 adj. former, first, chief

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7223 רִאשׁוֹן former, first, chief

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7223 ri'shown ree-shone'

or riishon {ree-shone'}; from 7221; first, in place, time or

rank (as adjective or noun):--ancestor, (that were)

before(-time), beginning, eldest, first, fore(-father)

(-most), former (thing), of old time, past.

see HEBREW for 07221

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רִאשׁוֹן (ri.shon) — first.

: first

adj

1) first, primary, former

1a) former (of time)

1a1) ancestors

1a2) former things

1b) foremost (of location)

1c) first (in time)

1d) first, chief (in degree)

adv

2) first, before, formerly, at first

רִאשׁוֹן (ri.shon) — first: previous.

: previous

adj

1) first, primary, former

1a) former (of time)

1a1) ancestors

1a2) former things

1b) foremost (of location)

1c) first (in time)

1d) first, chief (in degree)

adv

2) first, before, formerly, at first

רִאשׁוֹן (ri.shon) — first: chief.

: chief

adj

1) first, primary, former

1a) former (of time)

1a1) ancestors

1a2) former things

1b) foremost (of location)

1c) first (in time)

1d) first, chief (in degree)

adv

2) first, before, formerly, at first

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Art | Adj — Particle
HTd/Aofpa
the former [things] there! they have come and new [things] I [am] about to tell before they will spring up I will cause to hear [them] the object marker you
הִנֵּה־hi.neh- there! H2009 Particle
843× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word is an expression that means 'behold' or 'look', often used to draw attention to something. It appears in Genesis and Isaiah, and is translated as 'behold' or 'lo' in the KJV.
Amplified meaning
look, see
Tyndale gloss
behold
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

הִנֵּה (hinneh) is a Hebrew word meaning 'behold' or 'lo!' It serves as a demonstrative particle used to draw attention, appearing in contexts such as Genesis 19:2. The word is derived from a prolongation of another Hebrew term, but the entries do not provide further details on its usage beyond this.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

הִנֵּה, once הִנֶּה־ Gn 19:2, demonstr.part. lo!, behold!

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2009 הִנֵּה, הִנֶּה־ lo!, behold!

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2009 hinneh hin-nay'

prolongation for 2005; lo!:--behold, lo, see.

see HEBREW for 02005

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

הִנֵּה (hin.neh) — behold.

behold, lo, see, if

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Particle
HTj
the former [things] there! they have come and new [things] I [am] about to tell before they will spring up I will cause to hear [them] the object marker you
בָ֑אוּVa.'u they have come H935 Verb · Qal · perfect third person common plural
2,573× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to go or come, and is used in many contexts, such as entering a place or approaching someone, as seen in the book of Genesis. It can also mean to abide or apply, and is translated in various ways in the KJV Bible. This term is related to the name Lebo Hamath.
Tyndale gloss
Lebo
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בּוֹא (bo) is a Hebrew verb meaning to come or go in, with a wide range of applications including entering, arriving, and bringing in. It can refer to both physical movement and abstract concepts like events coming to pass. The verb appears in various forms, such as Qal (to come), Hiphil (to cause to come), and Hophal (to be brought). There is no significant disagreement among lexicons regarding its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בּוֹא 2569 vb. come in, come, go in, go

Qal

come in

come (approach, arrive)

go, i.e. walk, associate with

go from speaker, but with limit of motion given

Hiph.

cause to come in, bring in (conduct, lead, obj. persons and animals)

cause to come, bring, bring near, etc. (animate obj.)

Hoph.

be brought in (of pers. and things)

be brought

be introduced, put

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H935 בּוֹא come in, come, go in, go .. come in

. come (approach, arrive)

. go, i.e. walk, associate with

. go from speaker, but with limit of motion given

. . cause to come in, bring in (conduct, lead, obj. persons and animals)

. cause to come, bring, bring near, etc. (animate obj.)

. . be brought in (of pers. and things)

. be brought

. be introduced, put

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

935 bow' bo

a primitive root; to go or come (in a wide variety of

applications):--abide, apply, attain, X be, befall, +

besiege, bring (forth, in, into, to pass), call, carry, X

certainly, (cause, let, thing for) to come (against, in, out,

upon, to pass), depart, X doubtless again, + eat, + employ,

(cause to) enter (in, into, -tering, -trance, -try), be

fallen, fetch, + follow, get, give, go (down, in, to war),

grant, + have, X indeed, (in-)vade, lead, lift (up), mention,

pull in, put, resort, run (down), send, set, X (well) stricken

(in age), X surely, take (in), way.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בּוֹא (bo) — to come (in): come.

: come/go_in

1) to go in, enter, come, go, come in

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to enter, come in

1a2) to come

1a2a) to come with

1a2b) to come upon, fall or light upon, attack (enemy)

1a2c) to come to pass

1a3) to attain to

1a4) to be enumerated

1a5) to go

1b) (Hiphil)

1b1) to lead in

1b2) to carry in

1b3) to bring in, cause to come in, gather, cause to come, bring near, bring against, bring upon

1b4) to bring to pass

1c) (Hophal)

1c1) to be brought, brought in

1c2) to be introduced, be put

לְב֥וֹא (bo) — Lebo-(Hamath).

This name means to go in, enter

Combined with cha.mat (חֲמָת "Hamath" H2574)

בּוֹא (bo) — to come (in): towards.

: towards/entrance

1) to go in, enter, come, go, come in

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to enter, come in

1a2) to come

1a2a) to come with

1a2b) to come upon, fall or light upon, attack (enemy)

1a2c) to come to pass

1a3) to attain to

1a4) to be enumerated

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Perf-3cp — Verb · Qal · perfect third person common plural
HVqp3cp
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

kum: The translation of many Hebrew and Greek words. In the phrase "The Spirit of Yahweh came mightily upon him" (Jud 14:6,19; 15:14; 1Sa 10:10; 11:6; 16:13), the word is tsaleah; Jud 14:6; 15:14 "came mightily," which is the uniform translation of the Revised Version (British and American) (compare Jud 13:25 "to move," i.e. to disturb or stir up). In Jud 6:34; 1Ch 12:18; 2Ch 24:20, it is labhesh, "to clothe"; the Revised Version, margin "The Spirit .... clothed itself with Gideon" and .... "with Zechariah,"…

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
the former [things] there! they have come and new [things] I [am] about to tell before they will spring up I will cause to hear [them] the object marker you
וַֽחֲדָשׁוֹת֙va.cha.da.shOt and new [things] H2319 Conjunction
53× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for new or fresh, used to describe something recently created or renewed, as seen in God's creation of a new heaven and earth. It emphasizes the idea of something being recent or modern.
Amplified meaning
recent, fresh revelations
Tyndale gloss
new
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

חָדָשׁ (chadash) means 'new' or 'fresh.' It is derived from the root word represented by Strong's H2318. The entries indicate that it covers meanings related to novelty and freshness, with an Aramaic equivalent noted as חֲדַ֑ת (cha.dat).

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2319 חָדָשׁ new

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2319 chadash khaw-dawsh'

from 2318; new:--fresh, new thing.

see HEBREW for 02318

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חָדָשׁ (cha.dash) — New (Gate).

§ new, new thing, fresh

חָדָשׁ (cha.dash) — new.

new, new thing, fresh

Aramaic equivalent: cha.dat (חֲדַ֑ת "new" H2323)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Adj — Conjunction
HC/Aafpa
the former [things] there! they have come and new [things] I [am] about to tell before they will spring up I will cause to hear [them] the object marker you
אֲנִ֣י'a.Ni I H589 Pronoun
874× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word is a simple way of saying 'I' or 'me', often used for emphasis. It is used by people like David in the Psalms to express their thoughts and feelings. The word is a basic part of the Hebrew language.
Amplified meaning
God, the Lord
Tyndale gloss
I
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֲנִי, transliterated as aniy, is a first-person singular pronoun meaning 'I' or 'me.' It is often used for emphasis and can also imply possession, as in 'mine' or 'myself.' The word is derived from a form that indicates self-reference, and it appears in various contexts throughout the Old Testament.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֲנִי, אָ֑נִי pron. 1s. comm. I

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H589 אֲנִי, אָ֑נִי I

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

589 'aniy an-ee'

contracted from 595; I:--I, (as for) me, mine, myself, we, X

which, X who.

see HEBREW for 0595

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֲנִי (a.ni) — I.

I (first pers. sing. -usually used for emphasis)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Pron — Pronoun
HPp1bs
the former [things] there! they have come and new [things] I [am] about to tell before they will spring up I will cause to hear [them] the object marker you
מַגִּ֔ידma.Gid [am] about to tell H5046 Verb · Hiphil · participle (active) masculine singular
371× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To tell or declare something openly, as in Genesis 3:11 where God asks Adam to tell the truth. It means to stand boldly and announce something to someone present. In Exodus 32:27, Moses tells the Levites to declare their actions to the people.
Amplified meaning
proclaim, tell openly
Tyndale gloss
to tell
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

נָגַד (nagad) is a Hebrew verb meaning to declare or tell, with implications of being conspicuous or manifesting something. It covers a range of meanings including to announce, report, and make known, often through spoken word. The entries indicate that it can also mean to expose or predict, and in the Hophil form, it refers to something being told or reported.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[נָגַד] 363 vb. be conspicuous

Hiph. declare, tell

Hoph. be told, announced, reported

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5046 נָגַד be conspicuous . declare, tell

. be told, announced, reported

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5046 nagad naw-gad'

a primitive root; properly, to front, i.e. stand boldly out

opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest;

figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to one

present); specifically, to expose, predict, explain,

praise:--bewray, X certainly, certify, declare(-ing),

denounce, expound, X fully, messenger, plainly, profess,

rehearse, report, shew (forth), speak, X surely, tell, utter.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נָגַד (na.gad) — to tell.

1) to be conspicuous, tell, make known

1a) (Hiphil) to tell, declare

1a1) to tell, announce, report

1a2) to declare, make known, expound

1a3) to inform of

1a4) to publish, declare, proclaim

1a5) to avow, acknowledge, confess

1a5a) messenger (participle)

1b) (Hophal) to be told, be announced, be reported

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Hiphil — Verb · Hiphil · participle (active) masculine singular
HVhrmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

See TALE.

the former [things] there! they have come and new [things] I [am] about to tell before they will spring up I will cause to hear [them] the object marker you
בְּטֶ֥רֶםbe.Te.rem before H2962 Preposition
56× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word indicates something has not happened yet, or it happened before something else. It is used to show timing or sequence of events, translated as before, ere, or not yet in the KJV.
Amplified meaning
prior to, in advance of
Tyndale gloss
before
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

טֶ֫רֶם (terem) is an adverb meaning 'not yet' or 'before.' It is derived from an unused root that suggests interruption or suspension. This word appears in the Old Testament only once, in Ruth 3:14, where it conveys a sense of time prior to an event.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

טֶ֫רֶם 54, once (Ru 3:14 Kt) טְרוֹם, adv. of time not yet, ere, before that

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2962 טֶ֫רֶם, once טְרוֹם adv. of time not yet, ere, before, that

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2962 terem teh'-rem

from an unused root apparently meaning to interrupt or

suspend; properly, non-occurrence; used adverbially, not yet

or before:--before, ere, not yet.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

טֶ֫רֶם (te.rem) — before.

before, not yet, before that

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | Adv — Preposition
HR/Acbsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

be-for': The translation of a great variety of Hebrew and Greek words. "Haran died before (the English Revised Version "in the presence of," literally "before the face of") his father Terah" (Ge 11:28). To be "before" God is to enjoy His favor (Ps 31:22). "The Syrians before" (Isa 9:12 the Revised Version, margin "on the east," as "behind," owing to the position of Canaan, relative to Syria, implies the west).

the former [things] there! they have come and new [things] I [am] about to tell before they will spring up I will cause to hear [them] the object marker you
תִּצְמַ֖חְנָהtitz.Mach.nah they will spring up H6779 Verb · Qal · imperfect third person feminine plural
33× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To spring or grow is the meaning of this Hebrew word, which can describe plants, hair, or even ideas. It's used to talk about new life or development, like a seed sprouting or a person's speech growing more fluent.
Amplified meaning
grow, come into being
Tyndale gloss
to spring
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

צָמַח (tsamach) is a Hebrew verb meaning to sprout or spring up. It encompasses various forms of growth, including plants, hair, and even speech. The root can be used in different grammatical aspects, such as causing something to grow or sprout. The entries highlight its literal and figurative uses, particularly in contexts like abundant growth or the effects of rain.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

צָמַח vb. sprout, spring up

Qal sprout, spring up

Pi. grow abundantly

Hiph.

cause to grow

of rain, cause the earth to sprout

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6779 צָמַח sprout, spring up

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6779 tsamach tsaw-makh'

a primitive root; to sprout (transitive or intransitive,

literal or figurative):--bear, bring forth, (cause to, make

to) bud (forth), (cause to, make to) grow (again, up), (cause

to) spring (forth, up).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

צָמַח (tsa.mach) — to spring.

1) to sprout, spring up, grow up

1a)(Qal)

1a1) to sprout, spring up

1a1a) of plants

1a1b) of hair

1a1c) of speech (fig.)

1b) (Piel) to grow abundantly or thickly

1c) (Hiphil)

1c1) to cause to grow

1c2) to cause to sprout

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-3fp — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person feminine plural
HVqi3fp
the former [things] there! they have come and new [things] I [am] about to tell before they will spring up I will cause to hear [them] the object marker you
אַשְׁמִ֥יע'ash.Mi' I will cause to hear [them] H8085 Verb · Hiphil · imperfect first person common singular
1,160× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To hear and listen is what this Hebrew word means, often implying attention and obedience. In Exodus and Deuteronomy, it is used when God speaks to the people, and they must listen and obey.
Amplified meaning
tell, make known
Tyndale gloss
to hear: hear
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word שָׁמַע (shama`) means 'to hear' and encompasses a range of meanings including listening, obeying, and proclaiming. It is built from a primitive root and can imply attention and understanding. The entries highlight various grammatical forms, such as Qal, Niphal, Piel, and Hiphil, indicating different nuances of hearing and obeying. There is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שָׁמַע 1152 vb. hear

Qal 1052

subj. pers. hum.

י׳ (God) subj.

Niph. 42 be heard, of voice, sound

be heard of

be regarded, obeyed

= (favourable) hearing was granted to their voice.

Pi. he caused the people to hear

Hiph. 63

of man

י׳ subj.

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8085 שָׁמַע hear

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8085 shama` shaw-mah'

a primitive root; to hear intelligently (often with

implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to

tell, etc.):--X attentively, call (gather) together, X

carefully, X certainly, consent, consider, be content,

declare, X diligently, discern, give ear, (cause to, let, make

to) hear(-ken, tell), X indeed, listen, make (a) noise, (be)

obedient, obey, perceive, (make a) proclaim(-ation), publish,

regard, report, shew (forth), (make a) sound, X surely, tell,

understand, whosoever (heareth), witness.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שָׁמַע (sha.ma) — to hear: hear.

: hear

v

1) to hear, listen to, obey

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to hear (perceive by ear)

1a2) to hear of or concerning

1a3) to hear (have power to hear)

1a4) to hear with attention or interest, listen to

1a5) to understand (language)

1a6) to hear (of judicial cases)

1a7) to listen, give heed

1a7a) to consent, agree

1a7b) to grant request

1a8) to listen to, yield to

1a9) to obey, be obedient

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be heard (of voice or sound)

1b2) to be heard of

1b3) to be regarded, be obeyed

1c) (Piel) to cause to hear, call to hear, summon

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to cause to hear, tell, proclaim, utter a sound

1d2) to sound aloud (musical term)

1d3) to make proclamation, summon

1d4) to cause to be heard

n m

2) sound

שָׁמַע (sha.ma) — to hear: obey.

: obey

v

1) to hear, listen to, obey

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to hear (perceive by ear)

1a2) to hear of or concerning

1a3) to hear (have power to hear)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Hiphil-Imperf-1cs — Verb · Hiphil · imperfect first person common singular
HVhi1cs
the former [things] there! they have come and new [things] I [am] about to tell before they will spring up I will cause to hear [them] the object marker you
אֶתְכֶֽם׃ פ'et.Khem the object marker you H853 Particle · suffix
10,946× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Amplified meaning
to your hearing, for your understanding
Tyndale gloss
[Obj.]
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

853 'eth ayth

apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of

entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more

definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or

namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).

see HEBREW for 0226

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֵת (et) — [Obj.].

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
DirObjM | Suff — Particle · suffix
HTo/Sp2mp
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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