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Job 3:17 — Word Study

Depth

WLCשָׁ֣ם רְ֭שָׁעִים חָ֣דְלוּ רֹ֑גֶז וְשָׁ֥ם יָ֝נ֗וּחוּ יְגִ֣יעֵי כֹֽחַ׃

BSAThereshâm [in the grave, then] the wickedrâshâʻ [morally wrong, guilty of sin] ceasechâdal [stop, come to an end] from ragingrôgez [troubling, turmoil] and thereshâm [at that point, in that place] the wearyyâgîyaʻ [exhausted, worn out] find restnûwach [settle down, remain at peace]

Word
Listen & take awayJob 3
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 17 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (Kho.ach) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Job 3:17quick helps
In a sentenceJob reflects on the peace found in death, where the wicked and weary are free from their struggles.
Who is speakingJob, expressing his thoughts on life and death.
Where we areIn a lament about his own suffering, Job contemplates the state of the dead.
The hard wordרֹגֶז
Take awayIn death, turmoil ceases and rest is found.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause subjectרָשָׁע verbחָדַל The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

1 of 8 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Job 3:17

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — Job's Lament on Life and Deathgenerated

16Or why was I not hidden like a stillborn child, like an infant who never sees daylight?
17There the wicked cease from raging, and there the weary find rest.
18The captives enjoy their ease; they do not hear the voice of the oppressor.
19Both small and great are there, and the slave is freed from his master.

Job 3:17 presents Job's reflections on the state of the dead, where the wicked cease from their turmoil and the weary find rest. This passage is part of Job's lament, expressing his deep sorrow and questioning the purpose of his suffering. It highlights the contrast between the struggles of life and the peace of death, a theme that resonates throughout the book of Job.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Job 14:13If only You would hide me in Sheol and conceal me until Your anger has passed! If only You would appoint a time for me and then remember me!
2Psalm 55:5–8Fear and trembling grip me, and horror has overwhelmed me.
3Matthew 10:28Do not be afraid of those who kill the body but cannot kill the soul. Instead, fear the One who can destroy both soul and body in hell.
4Luke 12:4I tell you, My friends, do not be afraid of those who kill the body and after that can do no more.
52 Thessalonians 1:6–7After all, it is only right for God to repay with affliction those who afflict you,

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 9 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word רְ֭שָׁעִים, Re.sha.'imgenerated

The term רָשָׁע (rasha`) refers to individuals who are wicked or guilty of wrongdoing. It is a masculine plural noun, indicating a group of people characterized by moral failure. The word is derived from a root that implies moral wrongdoing and is often used in biblical contexts to describe those who oppose God.

In this verse, it emphasizes the cessation of their turmoil in death, suggesting that their wicked actions have consequences that end with their lives.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses wicked for רְ֭שָׁעִים. The KJV and ASV agree on this rendering, maintaining the moral implications of the term.

Where they part company is with the word שָׁם — the BSB has there, while the FBV opts for in the grave, reflecting a different interpretation of the location.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The verse consists of two main clauses, each with a finite verb. The first clause, חָ֣דְלוּ, they cease, describes the wicked's cessation of turmoil, while the second clause, יָ֝נ֗וּחוּ, they rest, speaks of the weary finding peace. The structure emphasizes the contrast between the two groups and their respective states in death.

The use of adverbial phrases at the beginning of each clause, שָׁ֣ם and וְשָׁ֥ם, positions the location as a key element in understanding the cessation of turmoil and the finding of rest.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates רְ֭שָׁעִים as ἀσεβεῖς, which carries a similar meaning of wickedness but may imply a broader sense of ungodliness. This choice reflects an interpretation that aligns with the moral implications of the term in the Hebrew text.

For חָ֣דְלוּ, the Greek ἐχέκαυσαν suggests a more active cessation, indicating a strong end to their turmoil.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Job 3:17 states that in death, the wicked stop their turmoil and the weary find peace. Job reflects on the relief that comes in the grave, contrasting the struggles of life with the stillness of death.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does Job mean by 'the wicked cease from raging'?

Job is expressing that in death, those who have done wrong no longer have the ability to cause trouble or turmoil.

What does it mean to find rest?

Finding rest refers to the peace and tranquility that the weary experience in death, free from the burdens of life.

Why does Job reflect on death in this way?

Job is lamenting his suffering and questioning the purpose of life, suggesting that death may offer a reprieve from his pain.

How does this verse relate to the overall themes of the book of Job?

This verse highlights the contrast between suffering in life and the peace found in death, a recurring theme throughout Job's reflections.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. What does this verse teach us about the nature of wickedness and its consequences?
  2. How can we find peace in our own struggles, similar to the rest described in this verse?
  3. In what ways does this passage challenge our understanding of life and death?
  4. How does Job's lament resonate with our experiences of suffering and seeking relief?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

The early commentary from Gregory the Dialogist interprets this verse to discuss the peace found in the grave, contrasting the wicked's disturbance with the rest of the weary.

Gregory the DialogistMorals on the Book of Job, Book IV c. 540–604
MORAL INTERPRETATION. There the wicked cease from disturbance, and there the weary in strength be at rest. We have already said above, that herein, viz.
Early Church Fathers on Job 3 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Job 3:17 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

There the wicked cease [from] troubling,.... At death, and in the grave; such who have been like the troubled sea, that cannot rest, have always been either devising or doing mischief while living,

Read John Gill on Job 3 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

There the wicked cease from troubling; and there the weary be at rest. The wicked - originally meaning those ever restless, full desires (Isaiah 57:20-21).

Read Robert Jamieson on Job 3 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

There, i.e. in the grave, which though not expressed, yet is clearly implied in the foregoing verses. The wicked cease from troubling; the great oppressors and troublers of the world cease from all those vexations, rapines, and murders which here they procured. There the weary be at rest; those who were here molested and tired out with their tyrannies, now quietly sleep with them, or by them.

Read Matthew Poole on Job 3 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Job 3:17 There the wicked cease [from] troubling; and there the weary be at rest.Ver. 17. There the wicked cease from troubling] Here they are restless, as being acted and agitated by the devil, who being a discontented, turbulent creature, maketh ado in the world, and setteth his imps awork to do mischief, and to vex others, øשׁòéí The word here rendered wicked signifieth vexatious persons, that worry and weary out others, molestuous and mischievous. In the grave they shall cease from so doing. That was a strange mind of our Edward I, who adjured his son and nobles, that if he died in his journey into Scotland, they should carry his corpse with them about Scotland, and not suffer it to be…

Read John Trapp on Job 3 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(17) There—i.e., in the grave, the place indicated, but not distinctly expressed.

Read Charles John Ellicott on Job 3 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 17. There the wicked cease] In the grave the oppressors of men cease from irritating, harassing, and distressing their fellow creatures and dependents. And there the weary be at rest.] Those who were worn out with the cruelties and tyrannies of the above. The troubles and the troubled, the restless and the submissive, the toils of the great and the labours of the slave, are here put in opposition.

Read AdamClarke on Job 3 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

17. cease from troubling] That is, probably, not from troubling others, but from the unquiet of their own evil. Job 3:17-19 contain the two main ideas, first, that all, evil and good, great and small, are the same in the place of the dead; and second, that this common condition is one of profound rest. Even the wicked there are no more agitated by the turbulence of their passions. Comp. Isaiah 57:20. the weary] lit. the wearied as to strength, the exhausted.

Read Cambridge on Job 3 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

There the wicked cease - from “troubling.” In the grave - where kings and princes and infants lie. This verse is often applied to heaven, and the language is such as will express the condition of that blessed world.

Read Albert Barnes on Job 3 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

There the wicked cease from raging, and there the weary find rest.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

There the wicked cease from troubling. There the weary are at rest.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

There the wicked cease from raging, and there the weary find rest.

NETBNew English Translation2006

There the wicked cease from turmoil, and there the weary are at rest.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

There the wicked cease from troubling; and there the weary be at rest.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

There the wicked cease from troubling; And there the weary are at rest.

RVARevised Version, American1894

There the wicked cease from troubling; and there the weary be at rest.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

There the wicked cease from troubling; and there the weary are at rest.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

The wicked haue there ceased from their tyrannie, and there they that laboured valiantly, are at rest.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

There the wicked cease from troubling; and there the wearied are at rest.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

There the wicked have ceased troubling, And there rest do the wearied in power.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

There the wicked have ceased troubling, || And there the wearied rest in power.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

There [where] the wicked cease from troubling; and where the exhausted weary are at rest;

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

There the wicked cease from trouble; there the weary are at rest.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

There the wicked cease from tumult, and there the wearied in strength are at rest.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

There in the grave the wicked give no more trouble, and those whose strength is gone have their rest.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

There the passions of the evil are over, and those whose strength has come to an end have rest.

Word by word, the decisions they made

שָׁ֣םsham there H8033 2 different renderings
thereASV BBE BSB DBY DRA GNV ILT KJV LSV MSB NETB NWB RVA ULB WEB YLT
in the graveFBV

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseadverbialשָׁ֣םtheresubjectרְ֭שָׁעִיםwicked.[people]verbחָ֣דְלוּthey.ceaseobjectרֹ֑גֶזturmoilוְandclauseadverbialשָׁ֥םthereverbיָ֝נ֗וּחוּthey.restnoun phrase · subjectיְגִ֣יעֵי[those].wearyכֹֽחַof.strength

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text of Job 3:17 states, 'There the wicked cease from raging, and there the weary find rest,' which is a direct and clear expression of the thought. The Septuagint, while it has a different word order and articles, matches 6 out of the 8 words in meaning, indicating a general agreement with the Masoretic Text. However, the specific wording and structure differ, as the Septuagint often reflects a more interpretive translation style. The Samaritan Pentateuch and the Dead Sea Scrolls do not provide additional variants for this verse, so the primary comparison remains between the Masoretic Text and the Septuagint.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

שָׁ֣ם רְ֭שָׁעִים חָ֣דְלוּ רֹ֑גֶז וְשָׁ֥ם יָ֝נ֗וּחוּ יְגִ֣יעֵי כֹֽחַ׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
שָׁ֣םἐκεῖרְ֭שָׁעִיםἀσεβεῖςחָ֣דְלוּἐχέκαυσανוְשָׁ֥םἐκεῖיָ֝נ֗וּחוּἀνεπαύσαντοיְגִ֣יעֵיκατάκοποι

6 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Job 3:17שָׁםtherethereשָׁםרָשָׁעwicked [peowicked [people]רָשָׁעחָדַלthey ceasethey ceaseחָדַלרֹ֫גֶזturmoilturmoilרֹ֫גֶזשָׁםand thereand thereשָׁםנוּחַthey restthey restנוּחַיָגִיעַweary [onesweary [ones] ofיָגִיעַכֹּחַstrengthstrengthכֹּחַאֲשֶׁרwhichwhichאֲשֶׁררָשַׁעbe wickedbe wickedרָשַׁערָגַזto trembleto trembleרָגַזיָגֵעַbe weary/tbe weary/toilיָגֵעַיָנוּםJanimJanimיָנוּםנָדַחto banishto banishנָדַחגּוּרto sojournto sojournגּוּרצַדִּיקrighteousrighteousצַדִּיקאָבַדto perishto perishאָבַדגִּלְעָד(Mount) Gi(Mount) Gileadגִּלְעָדנוּחַto restto restנוּחַשָׁםtherethereשָׁםשָׁקַטto quietto quietשָׁקַטחֵמָהragerageחֵמָהעָצַרto restraito restrainעָצַרזְרוֹעַarmarmזְרוֹעַ
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Job 3:17

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

there wicked [people] they cease turmoil and there they rest weary [ones] of strength
שָׁ֣םsham there H8033 Adverb
834× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word sham means there or then, often used to describe a location or point in time. It can also mean thither or thence, indicating movement or direction. This word is used frequently in the Bible to provide context and clarify the setting of a story.
Amplified meaning
in the grave, then
Tyndale gloss
there
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שָׁם (sham) is a Hebrew adverb meaning 'there' or 'thither,' indicating a location or direction. It can also refer to a point in time, translating to 'then.' The word is derived from a relative pronoun and is used in various contexts, including movement and temporal references.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שָׁם adv. there, thither

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8033 שָׁם there, thither

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8033 sham shawm

a primitive particle (rather from the relative pronoun, 834);

there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or

thence:--in it, + thence, there (-in, + of, + out), +

thither, + whither.

see HEBREW for 0834

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שָׁם (sham) — there.

1) there, thither

1a) there

1b) thither (after verbs of motion)

1c) from there, thence

1d) then (as an adverb of time)

Aramaic equivalent: tam.mah (תַּמָּה "there" H8536)

שָׁם (sham) — (Jerusalem) Is There.

Combined with ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)

This name means there, thither

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Adv — Adverb
HD
there wicked [people] they cease turmoil and there they rest weary [ones] of strength
רְ֭שָׁעִיםRe.sha.'im wicked [people] H7563 Noun common · masculine plural absolute
263× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word describes someone who is morally wrong, a bad person who is guilty of crime or sin against God or others. It is used to describe the wicked in biblical stories, such as in the book of Genesis.
Amplified meaning
morally wrong, guilty of sin
Tyndale gloss
wicked
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רָשָׁע (rasha`) refers to someone who is wicked or criminal, encompassing meanings such as guilty and ungodly. It is derived from a root that implies moral wrongdoing. The term is used to describe individuals who are hostile to God or guilty of sin against others.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רָשָׁע 263 adj. wicked, criminal

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7563 רָשָׁע wicked, criminal

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7563 rasha` raw-shaw'

from 7561; morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad

person:--+ condemned, guilty, ungodly, wicked (man), that did

wrong.

see HEBREW for 07561

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רָשָׁע (ra.sah) — wicked.

1) wicked, criminal

1a) guilty one, one guilty of crime (subst)

1b) wicked (hostile to God)

1c) wicked, guilty of sin (against God or man)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Adj — Noun common · masculine plural absolute
HNcmpa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Nave's Topical Bible

→ Compared with

Abominable branches Isa 14:19

Ashes under the feet Mal 4:3

Bad fish Mt 13:48

Animals Ps 49:12; 2Pe 2:12

Blind people Zep 1:17; Mt 15:14

Bronze and iron Jer 6:28; Eze 22:18

Briers add thorns Isa 55:13; Eze 2:6

The bulls of Bashan Ps 22:12

there wicked [people] they cease turmoil and there they rest weary [ones] of strength
חָ֣דְלוּCha.de.lu they cease H2308 Verb · Qal · perfect third person common plural
58× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To cease means to stop or end something, like when God told the Israelites to cease work on the Sabbath in Exodus 20:10. It can also mean to be idle or lacking. In the Bible, it is often used to describe a change in action or behavior.
Amplified meaning
stop, come to an end
Tyndale gloss
to cease
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

חָדַל (chadal) is a Hebrew verb meaning to cease or come to an end. It conveys the idea of stopping, leaving off, or forgoing something. The entries highlight its use in various contexts, including the Qal stem, which indicates simple action. There is a specific note in the Hophil form suggesting a passive sense of being made to leave.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

חָדַל vb. cease

Qal

cease, come to an end

cease, leave off

Hoph. should I be made to leave

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2308 חָדַל cease .. cease, come to an end

. cease, leave off

. should I be made to leave

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2308 chadal khaw-dal'

a primitive root; properly, to be flabby, i.e. (by

implication) desist; (figuratively) be lacking or

idle:--cease, end, fall, forbear, forsake, leave (off), let

alone, rest, be unoccupied, want.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חָדַל (cha.dal) — to cease.

1) to stop, cease, desist, forego, cease to be, leave undone, forbear

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to cease, come to an end

1a2) to cease, leave off

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Perf-3cp — Verb · Qal · perfect third person common plural
HVqp3cp
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ses: A remarkable array of 20 Hebrew and 6 Greek words is so translated. In the King James Version 15 of the former and 3 of the latter are used only once with this rendering. The originals most frequently in use are chadhal, "to leave off"; shabhath "to rest from" (labor); pauomai, "to make to cease." Few words illustrate better the fertility of the Hebrew in expressing limitless shades of meaning, impoverished by the use of one English word. This extensive variety is, however, well expressed by "cease": i.e. stop, come to an end, e.g. ceasing of tears (Jer 14:17); work (Ezr 4:24); grinders (Ec 12:3); thunder (Ex 9:29); the wicked (

there wicked [people] they cease turmoil and there they rest weary [ones] of strength
רֹ֑גֶזRo.gez turmoil H7267 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
7× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means turmoil or commotion, like the sound of thunder or a restless horse. It describes a state of agitation or trembling. The Bible uses it to talk about fear, noise, or trouble.
Amplified meaning
troubling, turmoil
Tyndale gloss
turmoil
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רֹ֫גֶז (rogez) refers to a state of agitation or turmoil, encompassing meanings like excitement, disquiet, and rage. It is derived from a root that suggests commotion or restlessness, particularly in contexts such as fear or noise. The entries consistently highlight its association with emotional disturbance and physical unrest.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רֹ֫גֶז n.m. agitation, excitement, raging

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7267 רֹ֫גֶז agitation, excitement, raging

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7267 rogez ro'-ghez

from 7264; commotion, restlessness (of a horse), crash (of

thunder), disquiet, anger:--fear, noise, rage, trouble(-ing),

wrath.

see HEBREW for 07264

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רֹ֫גֶז (ro.gez) — turmoil.

1) agitation, excitement, raging, trouble, turmoil, trembling

1a) turmoil, disquiet, raging

1b) trembling, trepidation

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
there wicked [people] they cease turmoil and there they rest weary [ones] of strength
וְשָׁ֥םve.Sham and there H8033 Conjunction · adverb
834× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word sham means there or then, often used to describe a location or point in time. It can also mean thither or thence, indicating movement or direction. This word is used frequently in the Bible to provide context and clarify the setting of a story.
Amplified meaning
at that point, in that place
Tyndale gloss
there
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שָׁם (sham) is a Hebrew adverb meaning 'there' or 'thither,' indicating a location or direction. It can also refer to a point in time, translating to 'then.' The word is derived from a relative pronoun and is used in various contexts, including movement and temporal references.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שָׁם adv. there, thither

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8033 שָׁם there, thither

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8033 sham shawm

a primitive particle (rather from the relative pronoun, 834);

there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or

thence:--in it, + thence, there (-in, + of, + out), +

thither, + whither.

see HEBREW for 0834

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שָׁם (sham) — there.

1) there, thither

1a) there

1b) thither (after verbs of motion)

1c) from there, thence

1d) then (as an adverb of time)

Aramaic equivalent: tam.mah (תַּמָּה "there" H8536)

שָׁם (sham) — (Jerusalem) Is There.

Combined with ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)

This name means there, thither

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Adv — Conjunction · adverb
HC/D
there wicked [people] they cease turmoil and there they rest weary [ones] of strength
יָ֝נ֗וּחוּya.Nu.chu they rest H5117 Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine plural
142× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To rest means to settle down and remain in one place, and can be used literally or figuratively. This verb appears in many parts of the Bible, including Exodus 20:11 and Matthew 11:28.
Amplified meaning
settle down, remain at peace
Tyndale gloss
to rest
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

נוּחַ (nuwach) is a Hebrew verb meaning to rest or settle down. It encompasses a wide range of applications, including both literal and figurative uses, such as to dwell, be quiet, or let something remain. The verb can appear in various forms, indicating actions like causing rest or allowing to depart. It is noted for its versatility in expressing different aspects of rest and stillness.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

נוּחַ vb. rest

Qal

rest, settle down and remain

repose, be quiet, have rest

Hiph.

cause to rest = give rest to

cause to rest (i.e. light) upon

lay or set down, deposit, let lie

let remain, leave (in present condition)

leave = depart from

abandon

let alone (refrain from interfering with)

permit

Hoph.

no rest is granted to us

as subst. = space left, open space

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5117 נוּחַ rest

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5117 nuwach noo'-akh

a primitive root; to rest, i.e. settle down; used in a great

variety of applications, literal and figurative, intransitive,

transitive and causative (to dwell, stay, let fall, place, let

alone, withdraw, give comfort, etc.):--cease, be confederate,

lay, let down, (be) quiet, remain, (cause to, be at, give,

have, make to) rest, set down. Compare 3241.

see HEBREW for 03241

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נוּחַ (nu.ach) — to rest.

1) to rest

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to rest, settle down and remain

1a2) to repose, have rest, be quiet

1b) (Hiph)

1b1) to cause to rest, give rest to, make quiet

1b2) to cause to rest, cause to alight, set down

1b3) to lay or set down, deposit, let lie, place

1b4) to let remain, leave

1b5) to leave, depart from

1b6) to abandon

1b7) to permit

1c) (Hoph)

1c1) to obtain rest, be granted rest

1c2) to be left, be placed

1c3) open space (subst)

Also means: ya.nach (יָנַח "to rest" H3240)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal-Imperf-3mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine plural
HVqi3mp
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

(nuach, menuchah, "cessation from motion," "peace," "quiet," etc.; anapausis, [@katapausis): "Rest" in the above sense is of frequent occurrence, and is the translation of several words with various applications and shades of meaning, chiefly of the words given above. It is applied to God as ceasing from the work of creating on the 7th day (Ge 2:2 f) ; as having His place of rest in the midst of His people in the temple (1Ch 28:2; Ps 132:8,14); as resting in His love among His people (Ze 3:17, the Revised Version margin "Hebrew, `be silent' "). The 7th day was to be one of rest (Ex 16:23; 31:15; see SABBATH); the land also was to have its rest in the 7th year (

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Rest

(1.) Gr. katapausis, equivalent to the Hebrew word noah (Heb. 4:1).

(2.) Gr. anapausis, “rest from weariness” (Matt. 11:28).

(3.) Gr. anesis, “relaxation” (2 Thess. 1:7).

(4.) Gr. sabbatismos, a Sabbath rest, a rest from all work (Heb. 4:9; R.V., “sabbath”), a rest like that of God when he had finished the work of creation.

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

In Ac 9:31, refers to the respite from persecution enjoyed by the Christians in Palestine, after the conversion of Saul of Tarsus, during the last two years of Caligula’s short reign, A. D. 39 and 40, when the Jews were so harassed by the attempts of the emperor to force them to worship him as a god, that they forbore to afflict the followers of Christ.

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Divine institutions for

See SABBATH

→ Days of Ex 23:12; 34:21

→ The annual feasts, added rest days Le 23:7,8,21,25,28,30,31,35,36; Nu 28:18,25,26; 29:1,7,12,35

→ Recommended by Jesus Mr 6:31,32; with Mt 8:18,24

→ HEAVENLY 2Th 1:7

→ SPIRITUAL Mt 11:29; Heb 4:1-11

See PEACE, SPIRITUAL

there wicked [people] they cease turmoil and there they rest weary [ones] of strength
יְגִ֣יעֵיye.Gi.'ei weary [ones] of H3019 Adj
1× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
When someone is weary or tired, this Hebrew word is used to describe their state. It means being exhausted or worn out, like after a long journey. The KJV translates it as 'weary'.
Amplified meaning
exhausted, worn out
Tyndale gloss
weary
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יָגִיעַ (yagiya`) means 'weary' or 'tired.' It is derived from the root word associated with fatigue. The only verse referenced is Job 3:17, where this term is used to convey a sense of exhaustion.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[יָגִיעַ] adj. weary;—Jb 3:17

ref

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3019 יָגִיעַ

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3019 yagiya` yaw-ghee'-ah

from 3021; tired:--weary.

see HEBREW for 03021

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָגִיעַ (ya.gi.a) — weary.

weary, tired

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Adj — Adj
HAampc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

there wicked [people] they cease turmoil and there they rest weary [ones] of strength
כֹֽחַ׃Kho.ach strength H3581 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
126× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Koach means strength or power, referring to human, angelic, or God's might. It can also describe the strength of animals or the produce of soil.
Tyndale gloss
reptile
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כֹּחַ (koach) refers to both a small reptile, likely a type of lizard, and the concepts of strength and power. The entries highlight its use in contexts of human and divine strength, as well as its association with wealth and capacity. Notably, it appears in Leviticus 11:30 regarding unclean animals.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כֹּחַ n.[m.] a small reptile, prob. a kind of lizard, in list of unclean creeping things Lv 11:30; chameleon

ref

כֹּחַ and כּוֹחַ n.m. strength, power

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3581a כֹּחַ a small reptile, prob. a kind of lizard, in list of unclean creeping things; chameleon H3581b כֹּחַ and כּוֹחַ strength, power

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3581 koach ko'-akh

or (Dan. 11:6) kowach {ko'-akh}; from an unused root meaning

to be firm; vigor, literally (force, in a good or a bad sense)

or figuratively (capacity, means, produce); also (from its

hardiness) a large lizard: -ability, able, chameleon, force,

fruits, might, power(-ful), strength, substance, wealth.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כֹּחַ (ko.ach) — reptile.

1) a small reptile, probably a kind of lizard, which is unclean

1a) perhaps an extinct animal, exact meaning is unknown

כֹּחַ (ko.ach) — strength.

1) strength, power, might

1a) human strength

1b) strength (of angels)

1c) power (of God)

1d) strength (of animals)

1e) strength, produce, wealth (of soil)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HNcmsa — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Nave's Topical Bible

→ A title given to Jehovah 1Sa 15:29

Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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