Joel 2:16 — Word Study
WLCאִסְפוּ־ עָ֞ם קַדְּשׁ֤וּ קָהָל֙ קִבְצ֣וּ זְקֵנִ֔ים אִסְפוּ֙ עֽוֹלָלִ֔ים וְיֹנְקֵ֖י שָׁדָ֑יִם יֵצֵ֤א חָתָן֙ מֵֽחֶדְר֔וֹ וְכַלָּ֖ה מֵחֻפָּתָֽהּ׃
BSAGatherʼâçaph [to bring together, assemble] the peopleʻam [a nation, community] sanctifyqâdash [set apart as holy, consecrate] the congregationqâhâl [assembly] assembleqâbats [gather, collect] the agedzâqên [old, elderly] gatherʼâçaph [to bring together, collect] the childrenʻôwlêl [young ones, infants] even those nursingyânaq [suckling, receiving milk] at the breastshad [the swollen breast] Let the bridegroomchâthân [son-in-law, husband] leaveyâtsâʼ▸ his roomcheder [chamber, private quarters] and the bridekallâh [daughter-in-law, wife] her chamberchuppâh [canopy, wedding tent]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| אִסְפוּ־ | gather | Verb, Qal, imperative second person masculine plural |
| עָ֞ם | [the] people | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| קַדְּשׁ֤וּ | consecrate | Verb, Piel, imperative second person masculine plural |
| קָהָל֙ | an assembly | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| קִבְצ֣וּ | gather | Verb, Qal, imperative second person masculine plural |
| זְקֵנִ֔ים | [the] elders | Adj |
| אִסְפוּ֙ | gather | Verb, Qal, imperative second person masculine plural |
| עֽוֹלָלִ֔ים | children | Noun common, masculine plural absolute |
| וְיֹנְקֵ֖י | and suckling-children of | Conjunction, noun common masculine plural construct |
| שָׁדָ֑יִם | breasts | Noun common, masculine dual absolute |
| יֵצֵ֤א | let him go out | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| חָתָן֙ | [the] bridegroom | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| מֵֽחֶדְר֔וֹ | from room his | Preposition, noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| וְכַלָּ֖ה | and [the] bride | Conjunction, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| מֵחֻפָּתָֽהּ׃ | from chamber her | Preposition, noun common feminine singular construct, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Gather the people, sanctify the congregation, assemble the aged, gather the children, even those nursing at the breast. Let the bridegroom leave his room, and the bride her chamber. |
| KJV | Gather the people, sanctify the congregation, assemble the elders, gather the children, and those that suck the breasts: let the bridegroom go forth of his chamber, and the bride out of her closet. |
| ASV | gather the people, sanctify the assembly, assemble the old men, gather the children, and those that suck the breasts; let the bridegroom go forth from his chamber, and the bride out of her closet. |
| YLT | Gather the people, sanctify an assembly, Assemble the aged, Gather infants and sucklings of the breasts, Go out let a bridegroom from his inner chamber, And a bride out of her closet. |
| WEB | Gather the people. Sanctify the assembly. Assemble the elders. Gather the children, and those who nurse from breasts. Let the bridegroom go out of his room, and the bride out of her chamber. |
| BBE | Get the people together, make the mass of the people holy, send for the old men, get together the children and babies at the breast: let the newly married man come out of his room and the bride from her tent. |
Where they part company is in the rendering of specific terms, but the overall message remains consistent across translations.
The structure features a series of imperatives that call for action, emphasizing the collective nature of the gathering.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectחָתָן
verbאָסַף
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Joel 2:16
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — A Call to Repentancegenerated
Joel 2:16 is part of a larger call for the people of Israel to gather and repent. The prophet emphasizes the importance of including everyone in this sacred assembly, from the elderly to the very young, highlighting a communal approach to worship and repentance. This call reflects the seriousness of the situation and the need for collective action in turning back to God, as seen in the preceding verses that set the tone for this gathering.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Exodus 19:10–15 | Then the LORD said to Moses, “Go to the people and consecrate them today and tomorrow. They must wash their clothes |
| 2 | Joshua 7:13 | Get up and consecrate the people, saying, ‘Consecrate yourselves for tomorrow, for this is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: Among you, O Israel, there are things devoted to destruction. You cannot stand against your enemies until you remove them. |
| 3 | 1 Samuel 16:5 | “In peace,” he replied. “I have come to sacrifice to the LORD. Consecrate yourselves and come with me to the sacrifice.” Then he consecrated Jesse and his sons and invited them to the sacrifice. |
| 4 | 2 Chronicles 29:5–23 | “Listen to me, O Levites,” he said. “Consecrate yourselves now and consecrate the house of the LORD, the God of your fathers. Remove from the Holy Place every impurity. |
| 5 | 2 Chronicles 30:17–19 | Since there were many in the assembly who had not consecrated themselves, the Levites were in charge of slaughtering the Passover lambs for every unclean person to consecrate the lambs to the LORD. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 14 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — אִסְפוּ־, 'is.fu-generated
The verb אָסַף (acaph) means to gather or collect. It is used here in the imperative form, urging the people to come together for a purpose, likely worship or repentance. This word can also imply the act of removing or taking away, which adds depth to its meaning in the context of a sacred assembly.
The emphasis on gathering indicates a collective responsibility among the people, showing that worship and sanctification are communal acts. The use of this verb in the imperative form calls for immediate action, highlighting the urgency of the prophet's message.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The translations of this verse generally agree on the call for gathering and sanctification.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The verse is structured around a series of imperative verbs that command the actions to be taken: אִסְפוּ (gather), קַדְּשׁוּ (consecrate), and קִבְצ֣וּ (assemble). Each verb is followed by its respective object, creating a clear directive for the people.
The Hebrew word order places emphasis on the actions required of the people, highlighting the importance of their participation in this sacred assembly.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates אִסְפוּ־ as συναγάγετε (sunagagete), which means 'to gather together'. This choice reflects a similar emphasis on assembly, aligning with the Hebrew intent of bringing people together.
The use of ἁγιάσατε (hagiásate) for קַדְּשׁוּ indicates a direct call to sanctification, reinforcing the call to holiness in the gathering.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Joel 2:16 calls the people of Israel to gather for a sacred assembly. Everyone is included, from the elderly to the children, emphasizing the importance of coming together in worship. This verse highlights the need for communal repentance and the seriousness of returning to God.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
To sanctify the congregation means to set it apart as holy, preparing the people for worship and acknowledging God's presence among them.
Including all ages emphasizes that everyone has a role in worship and repentance, reflecting the communal nature of faith.
The imagery of the bridegroom and bride leaving their chambers symbolizes the urgency and importance of the gathering, as even those in intimate settings are called to participate.
This call reflects themes found in other passages, such as Exodus 19:10–15, where the people are also called to prepare themselves for a meeting with God.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways can I actively participate in communal worship and repentance?
- How can I encourage others, regardless of age, to join in the call to gather for worship?
- What personal preparations do I need to make to approach God in a holy manner?
- How does the imagery of the bridegroom and bride resonate with my understanding of commitment in faith?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Church Fathers referenced this verse in discussions about communal worship and repentance, emphasizing its significance in the life of the church.
Devout fasting has a very great value for gaining the mercy of God and for strengthening human frailty. We know this from the teaching of holy prophets, dearly beloved.Early Church Fathers on Joel 2 →
He addressed them piously. “Have you not read,” he said, “what divine authority has prescribed to a sinful people through the prophet: ‘Be converted to me with all your heart,Early Church Fathers on Joel 2 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Joel 2:16 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleGather the people,.... The common people, all the inhabitants of the land, Joe 1:14; summon them to meet together in the temple, in order to humble themselves before God for their sins, and implore
Read John Gill on Joel 2 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryGather the people, sanctify the congregation, assemble the elders, gather the children, and those that suck the breasts: let the bridegroom go forth of his chamber, and the bride out of her closet.
Read Robert Jamieson on Joel 2 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleGather the people, assemble the elders: see . Gather the children; though they understand little what is done, yet their cries under the affliction of a fast ascend, God hears, and with pity looks on their tears. And those that suck the breasts; let your fast be most universal, spare not sucking children, bring them with you; their tears and cries may perhaps move the congregation to greater mourning and earnest supplication to God for mercy, or will be a fit object to present unto the God of mercy to move him to show mercy. So the Ninevites, ,8. Let the bridegroom go forth of his chamber; let the new-married man leave the mirth of the nuptials, and lay aside his bravery awhile, and afflict…
Read Matthew Poole on Joel 2 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsJoe 2:16 Gather the people, sanctify the congregation, assemble the elders, gather the children, and those that suck the breasts: let the bridegroom go forth of his chamber, and the bride out of her closet.Ver. 16. Gather the people, sanctify the congregation, &c.] Let the priests, God’ s ministers, see to it, that the people come together; and for the better too, as much as in them lies. For they are to the people in place of watchmen, of sentinels, of ambassadors, and in Christ’ s own stead, who seems to say unto them, as Psalms 50:5, "Gather my saints together unto me, those that have made a covenant with me by sacrifice," that they may meet me with entreaties of peace, disarm mine…
Read John Trapp on Joel 2 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(15, 16) Sanctify a fast.—The prophet renews, therefore, his summons to the priests to proclaim a day of humiliation, on which all, without distinction of age or circumstances, are to be required to present themselves before the Lord. There was no room for the plea, “I have married a wife, and therefore I cannot come.”
Read Charles John Ellicott on Joel 2 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 16. Gather the children] Let all share in the humiliation, for all must feel the judgment, should it come. Let no state nor condition among the people be exempted. The elders, the young persons, the infants, the bridegroom, and the bride; let all leave their houses, and go to the temple of God.
Read AdamClarke on Joel 2 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges16. An expansion of the injunctions contained in the rest of Joe 1:14 a. sanctify an assembly] i.e. hold a sacred religious meeting. gather the elders] the old men (R.V. marg.). All are to take part in the great public act of national humiliation and supplication, neither old men nor children are to be excepted; even the newly married bride and bridegroom, who might deem themselves entitled to claim exemption from such duties (cf. Deuteronomy 24:5), are to come forth from their retirement for the purpose. closet] rather, pavilion; the idea suggested by ‘closet’ is too modern. The reference is no doubt to the special nuptial tent (cf. 2 Samuel 16:22), still, in Arabia, erected for the…
Read Cambridge on Joel 2 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleSanctify the congregation - o: “Do what in you lies, by monishing, exhorting, threatening, giving the example of a holy life, that the whole people present itself holy before its God” , “lest your
Read Albert Barnes on Joel 2 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Gather the people, sanctify the congregation, assemble the aged, gather the children, even those nursing at the breast. Let the bridegroom leave his room, and the bride her chamber.
Gather the people. Sanctify the assembly. Assemble the elders. Gather the children, and those who nurse from breasts. Let the bridegroom go out of his room, and the bride out of her chamber.
Gather the people, sanctify the congregation, assemble the aged, gather the children, even those nursing at the breast. Let the bridegroom leave his room, and the bride her chamber.
Gather the people; sanctify an assembly! Gather the elders; gather the children and the nursing infants. Let the bridegroom come out from his bedroom and the bride from her private quarters.
Tyndale line
Gather the people, sanctify the congregation, assemble the elders, gather the children, and those that suck the breasts: let the bridegroom go forth of his chamber, and the bride out of her closet.
gather the people, sanctify the assembly, assemble the old men, gather the children, and those that suck the breasts; let the bridegroom go forth from his chamber, and the bride out of her closet.
gather the people, sanctify the congregation, assemble the old men, gather the children, and those that suck the breasts: let the bridegroom go forth of his chamber, and the bride out of her closet.
Gather the people, sanctify the congregation, assemble the elders, gather the children, and those that suck the breasts: let the bridegroom go forth from his chamber, and the bride out of her closet.
Gather the people: sanctifie the congregation, gather the elders: assemble the children, and those that sucke the breastes: let the bridegrome go forth of his chamber, and the bride out of her bride chamber.
Strictly literal
gather the people, hallow the congregation, assemble the elders, gather the children, and those that suck the breasts; let the bridegroom go forth from his chamber, and the bride from her closet.
Gather the people, sanctify an assembly, Assemble the aged, Gather infants and sucklings of the breasts, Go out let a bridegroom from his inner chamber, And a bride out of her closet.
Gather the people, sanctify an assembly, || Assemble the aged, || Gather infants and sucklings of the breasts, || Let a bridegroom go out from his inner chamber, || And a bride out of her closet.
Gather the people, sanctify the congregation, assemble the elders, gather the children, and those that suck the breasts; let the bridegroom go forth out of his chamber, and the bride out of her closet.
Gather the people, call for the holy assembly. Assemble the elders, gather the children and the nursing infants. Let the bridegrooms come out of their rooms, and the brides out of their bridal chambers.
From the Latin
Gather together the people, sanctify the church, assemble the ancients, gather together the little ones, and them that suck at the breasts: let the bridegroom go forth from his bed, and the bride out of her bride chamber.
Simplified
Gather the people together: the elders, the children, even the babies. Let the bridegroom leave his room; let the bride leave her room.
Get the people together, make the mass of the people holy, send for the old men, get together the children and babies at the breast: let the newly married man come out of his room and the bride from her tent.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree closely in wording, with 15 of the 15 words matched. The Dead Sea Scrolls contain partial restorations but align with the overall message of gathering and sanctification, despite some editorial additions.
אִסְפוּ־ עָ֞ם קַדְּשׁ֤וּ קָהָל֙ קִבְצ֣וּ זְקֵנִ֔ים אִסְפוּ֙ עֽוֹלָלִ֔ים וְיֹנְקֵ֖י שָׁדָ֑יִם יֵצֵ֤א חָתָן֙ מֵֽחֶדְר֔וֹ וְכַלָּ֖ה מֵחֻפָּתָֽהּ׃
15 of the 15 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
אסופו עם קדשו קהל [קבצו] [זקנים] [אספו] [עוללים] [וינקי] [שדים] [יצא] [חתן] [מחדר׳ו] [וכלה] מחופת׳ה
3 words on the leather — 2 partly restored, 10 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Joel 2:16
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
אָסַף (acaph) is a Hebrew verb meaning to gather or remove. It encompasses a range of actions including collecting, assembling, and withdrawing. The verb appears in various forms, such as Qal, Niphal, Piel, and Hithpael, indicating different nuances like gathering individuals or being gathered. There is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.
אָסַף 209 vb. gather, remove
Qal
gather, collect
gather an individual into company of others
bring up the rear of
gather and take away, remove, withdraw
Niph.
assemble, be gathered, reflex.
pass. of Qal 2
Pass. of Qal 4; be taken away, removed, perish
Pi.
gather harvest
take in, receive into
as subst. rearguard, rearward
Pu. be gathered, of men
Hithp. gather themselves
base
H622 אָסַף gather, remove
622 'acaph aw-saf'
a primitive root; to gather for any purpose; hence, to
receive, take away, i.e. remove (destroy, leave behind, put
up, restore, etc.):--assemble, bring, consume, destroy,
felch, gather (in, together, up again), X generally, get
(him), lose, put all together, receive, recover (another from
leprosy), (be) rereward, X surely, take (away, into, up), X
utterly, withdraw.
אָסַף (a.saph) — to gather.
1) to gather, receive, remove, gather in
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to gather, collect
1a2) to gather (an individual into company of others)
1a3) to bring up the rear
1a4) to gather and take away, remove, withdraw
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to assemble, be gathered
1b2) (pass of Qal 1a2)
1b2a) to be gathered to one's fathers
1b2b) to be brought in or into (association with others)
1b3) (pass of Qal 1a4)
1b3a) to be taken away, removed, perish
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to gather (harvest)
1c2) to take in, receive into
1c3) rearguard, rearward (subst)
1d) (Pual) to be gathered
1e) (Hithpael) to gather oneself or themselves
V-Qal-Impv-2mp — Verb · Qal · imperative second person masculine pluralHVqv2mp
gath'-er ('acaph, qabhats; sullego, sunago):
"Gather," transitive "to bring together," "collect," etc., and intransitive "to come together," "assemble," etc., occurs frequently and represents many Hebrew and Greek words. It is the translation of 'acaph, "to bring together," in Jos 6:9, the King James Version margin "gathering host"; Ps 27:10, the King James Version margin "The Lord will gather me"; compare Nu 12:14,15; Isa 52:12 King James Version margin. The phrases "gather thee unto thy fathers," "gathered unto his fathers," "gathered into the grave," etc., are frequently used for "to die" and "death" (Ge 25:8,17…
עַם (am) primarily means 'people' or 'nation,' referring to a collective group, often in the context of tribes such as those of Israel. It can also denote kinsmen or compatriots. The term appears in various contexts, including military and familial references. There is a mention of a specific individual named Ammi in Song of Solomon 6:12.
עַם, עָם 1810 n.m. people
a people, nation
= smaller units
= common people
people in gen., persons
phrases
base
[עַם] n.[m.] kinsman (on father's side)
base
H5971a עַם, עָם people H5971b עַם kinsman (on father's side)
5971 `am am
from 6004; a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a
tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or
attendants; figuratively, a flock:--folk, men, nation,
people.
see HEBREW for 06004
עַם (am) — people.
: people/nation
1) nation, people
1a) people, nation
1b) persons, members of one's people, compatriots, country-men
עַם (am) — kinsman.
kinsman, kindred
עַם (am) — Ammi.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, only mentioned at Sng.6.12
§ kinsman, kindred
עַם (am) — People's (Gate).
§ kinsman, kindred
עַם (am) — (Ibleam)-am.
Combined with yiv.le.am (יִבְלְעָם "Ibleam" H2991)
§ kinsman, kindred
עַם (am) — Amaw.
This name means nation, people
עַם (am) — people: soldiers.
: soldiers/army
1) nation, people
1a) people, nation
1b) persons, members of one's people, compatriots, country-men
עַם (am) — people: creatures.
: creatures
1) nation, people
1a) people, nation
1b) persons, members of one's people, compatriots, country-men
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
pe'-p'-l: In English Versions of the Bible represents something over a dozen Hebrew and Greek words. Of these, in the Old Testament, `am, is overwhelmingly the most common (about 2,000 times), with le'om, and goy, next in order; but the various Hebrew words are used with very little or no difference in force (e.g. Pr 14:28; but, on the other hand, in Ps 44 contrast verses 12 and 14). Of the changes introduced by the Revised Version (British and American) the only one of significance (cited explicitly in the Preface to the English Revised Version) is the frequent use of the plural "peoples" (strangely avoided in the King James Version except Re 10:11; 17:15), where other nations than Israel are in question. So, for instance, in Ps…
The Hebrew word קָדַשׁ (qadash) is a verb meaning to consecrate or set apart as sacred. It encompasses various actions such as being hallowed, treated as sacred, or dedicated, and can refer to both people and things. The entries detail its use in different forms, including Qal, Niphal, Piel, Pual, Hiphil, and Hithpael, indicating a range of meanings from purification to separation from the unclean.
קָדַשׁ vb. denom. be set apart, consecrated
Qal
be set apart, consecrated, hallowed
be hallowed, by contact with sacred things, and so tabooed from profane use, or forfeited to sancturay
consecrated, tabooed (supr.)
Niph.
shew oneself sacred, majestic
be honored or treated as sacred
be consecrated, dedicated
Pi.
set apart as sacred, consecrate, dedicate
observe as holy, keep sacred
honor as sacred, hallow
consecrate by purification
Pu. consecrated, dedicated
Hiph.
set apart, consecrate
regard or treat, as sacred, hallowed
consecrate by purification
Hithp.
keep oneself apart from unclean things
of God, cause himself to be hallowed
be observed as holy
consecrate oneself by purification, of priests and Levites
base
H6942 קָדַשׁ vb. denom. be set apart, consecrated .. be set apart, consecrated, hallowed
. be hallowed, by contact with sacred things, and so tabooed from profane use, or forfeited to sancturay
. consecrated, tabooed (supr.)
. . shew oneself sacred, majestic
. be honored or treated as sacred
. be consecrated, dedicated
. . set apart as sacred, consecrate, dedicate
. observe as holy, keep sacred
. honor as sacred, hallow
. consecrate by purification
. consecrated, dedicated
. . set apart, consecrate
. regard or treat, as sacred, hallowed
. consecrate by purification
. . keep oneself apart from unclean things
. of God, cause himself to be hallowed
. be observed as holy
. consecrate oneself by purification, of priests and Levites
6942 qadash kaw-dash'
a primitive root; to be (causatively, make, pronounce or
observe as) clean (ceremonially or morally):--appoint, bid,
consecrate, dedicate, defile, hallow, (be, keep) holy(-er,
place), keep, prepare, proclaim, purify, sanctify(-ied one,
self), X wholly.
קָדַשׁ (qa.dash) — to consecrate: consecate.
: consecate/sanctify
1) to consecrate, sanctify, prepare, dedicate, be hallowed, be holy, be sanctified, be separate
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be set apart, be consecrated
1a2) to be hallowed
1a3) consecrated, tabooed
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to show oneself sacred or majestic
1b2) to be honoured, be treated as sacred
1b3) to be holy
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to set apart as sacred, consecrate, dedicate
1c2) to observe as holy, keep sacred
1c3) to honour as sacred, hallow
1c4) to consecrate
1d) (Pual)
1d1) to be consecrated
1d2) consecrated, dedicated
1e) (Hiphil)
1e1) to set apart, devote, consecrate
1e2) to regard or treat as sacred or hallow
1e3) to consecrate
1f) (Hithpael)
1f1) to keep oneself apart or separate
1f2) to cause Himself to be hallowed (of God)
1f3) to be observed as holy
1f4) to consecrate oneself
קָדַשׁ (qa.dash) — to consecrate: dedicate.
: dedicate
V-Piel-Impv-2mp — Verb · Piel · imperative second person masculine pluralHVpv2mp
קָהָל (qahal) refers to an assembly or congregation, often used in contexts like religious gatherings or groups formed for specific purposes, including war or counsel. It is derived from a root meaning to assemble. The term encompasses various forms of organized groups, including returning exiles.
קָהָל 123 n.m. assembly, convocation, congregation
base
H6951 קָהָל assembly, convocation, congregation
6951 qahal kaw-hawl'
from 6950; assemblage (usually concretely):--assembly,
company, congregation, multitude.
see HEBREW for 06950
קָהָל (qa.hal) — assembly.
1) assembly, company, congregation, convocation
1a) assembly
1a1) for evil counsel, war or invasion, religious purposes
1b) company (of returning exiles)
1c) congregation
1c1) as organised body
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
a-sem'-bli (qahal; ekklesia): The common term for a meeting of the people called together by a crier. It has reference therefore to any gathering of the people called for any purpose whatsoever (Ex 12:6; Ps 22:16 the King James Version; Ps 89:7 the King James Version; Ac 19:32,41). The solemn assemblies of the Jews were their feasts or religious gatherings of any kind (Isa 1:13). The word paneguris, "a general festal assembly" (Heb 12:23), is transferred from the congregation of the people of Israel to the Christian church of which the congregation of Israel was a…
קָבַץ (qabats) is a Hebrew verb meaning to gather or collect. It encompasses various forms, including assembling, being gathered, and taking away. The entries indicate its use in different stems, such as Qal, Niphal, Piel, Pual, and Hithpael, which reflect nuances in meaning and action.
קָבַץ 127 vb. gather, collect
Qal gather, collect
Niph.
intrans. assemble, gather
pass. be gathered
Pi. 51 gather together
Pu. of land
Hithp. gather together (intrans.), be gathered together
base
H6908 קָבַץ gather, collect
6908 qabats kaw-bats'
a primitive root; to grasp, i.e. collect:--assemble
(selves), gather (bring) (together, selves together, up),
heap, resort, X surely, take up.
קָבַץ (qa.vats) — to gather.
1) to gather, assemble
1a) (Qal) to gather, collect, assemble
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to assemble, gather
1b2) to be gathered
1c) (Piel) to gather, gather together, take away
1d) (Pual) to be gathered together
1e) (Hithpael) to gather together, be gathered together
V-Qal-Impv-2mp — Verb · Qal · imperative second person masculine pluralHVqv2mp
gath'-er ('acaph, qabhats; sullego, sunago):
"Gather," transitive "to bring together," "collect," etc., and intransitive "to come together," "assemble," etc., occurs frequently and represents many Hebrew and Greek words. It is the translation of 'acaph, "to bring together," in Jos 6:9, the King James Version margin "gathering host"; Ps 27:10, the King James Version margin "The Lord will gather me"; compare Nu 12:14,15; Isa 52:12 King James Version margin. The phrases "gather thee unto thy fathers," "gathered unto his fathers," "gathered into the grave," etc., are frequently used for "to die" and "death" (Ge 25:8,17…
זָקֵן (zaqen) means 'old' and is used to refer to human beings, often as a noun for 'old man' or 'elder.' It encompasses meanings related to age and authority, indicating both age and leadership roles. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to be old,' and it is consistently associated with the concept of elders in various contexts.
זָקֵן adj. old
old, of human beings
usu. as subst.
old man (or woman)
elder
base
H2205 זָקֵן old . old, of human beings
. usu. as subst. . old man (or woman)
. elder
2205 zaqen zaw-kane'
from 2204; old:--aged, ancient (man), elder(-est), old (man,
men and...women), senator.
see HEBREW for 02204
זָקֵן (za.qen) — old: elder.
: elder/leader
1) old
1a) old (of humans)
1b) elder (of those having authority)
זָקֵן (za.qen) — old.
: old
1) old
1a) old (of humans)
1b) elder (of those having authority)
Also means: za.qen (זָקֵן ": elder" H2205)
Adj — AdjHAampa
אָסַף (acaph) is a Hebrew verb meaning to gather or remove. It encompasses a range of actions including collecting, assembling, and withdrawing. The verb appears in various forms, such as Qal, Niphal, Piel, and Hithpael, indicating different nuances like gathering individuals or being gathered. There is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.
אָסַף 209 vb. gather, remove
Qal
gather, collect
gather an individual into company of others
bring up the rear of
gather and take away, remove, withdraw
Niph.
assemble, be gathered, reflex.
pass. of Qal 2
Pass. of Qal 4; be taken away, removed, perish
Pi.
gather harvest
take in, receive into
as subst. rearguard, rearward
Pu. be gathered, of men
Hithp. gather themselves
base
H622 אָסַף gather, remove
622 'acaph aw-saf'
a primitive root; to gather for any purpose; hence, to
receive, take away, i.e. remove (destroy, leave behind, put
up, restore, etc.):--assemble, bring, consume, destroy,
felch, gather (in, together, up again), X generally, get
(him), lose, put all together, receive, recover (another from
leprosy), (be) rereward, X surely, take (away, into, up), X
utterly, withdraw.
אָסַף (a.saph) — to gather.
1) to gather, receive, remove, gather in
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to gather, collect
1a2) to gather (an individual into company of others)
1a3) to bring up the rear
1a4) to gather and take away, remove, withdraw
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to assemble, be gathered
1b2) (pass of Qal 1a2)
1b2a) to be gathered to one's fathers
1b2b) to be brought in or into (association with others)
1b3) (pass of Qal 1a4)
1b3a) to be taken away, removed, perish
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to gather (harvest)
1c2) to take in, receive into
1c3) rearguard, rearward (subst)
1d) (Pual) to be gathered
1e) (Hithpael) to gather oneself or themselves
V-Qal-Impv-2mp — Verb · Qal · imperative second person masculine pluralHVqv2mp
gath'-er ('acaph, qabhats; sullego, sunago):
"Gather," transitive "to bring together," "collect," etc., and intransitive "to come together," "assemble," etc., occurs frequently and represents many Hebrew and Greek words. It is the translation of 'acaph, "to bring together," in Jos 6:9, the King James Version margin "gathering host"; Ps 27:10, the King James Version margin "The Lord will gather me"; compare Nu 12:14,15; Isa 52:12 King James Version margin. The phrases "gather thee unto thy fathers," "gathered unto his fathers," "gathered into the grave," etc., are frequently used for "to die" and "death" (Ge 25:8,17…
עוֹלֵל (owlel) refers to a child or infant, emphasizing youth and vulnerability. It is derived from a root meaning to suckle, indicating a very young child or babe. The term is consistently used across lexicons to denote a young child, with no significant disagreement among sources.
עוֹלֵל, עוֹלָל n.m. child
base
H5768 עוֹלֵל, עוֹלָל child
5768 `owlel o-lale'
or lolal {o-lawl'}; from 5763; a suckling:--babe, (young)
child, infant, little one.
see HEBREW for 05763
עוֹלֵל (o.lel) — infant.
child, boy
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absoluteHNcmpa
The blessing of offspring, but especially of the male sex, is highly valued among all eastern nations, while a the absence is regarded as one of the severest punishments. (Genesis 16:2; 7:14; 1 Samuel 1:6; 2 Samuel 6:23; 2 Kings 4:14; Isaiah 47:9; Jeremiah 20:15; Psalms 127:3,5) As soon as the child was born it was washed in a bath, rubbed with salt and wrapped in swaddling clothes. (Ezekiel 16:4; Job 38:9; Luke…
A numerous offspring was regarded as a signal blessing, Ps 127:3-5, and childless wives sought various means to escape the reproach of barrenness, which was deprecated in the blessing given to a newly married couple, Ru 4:11. The pangs of childbirth, in their suddenness and sharpness, are often alluded to in Scripture. The apostle Paul speaks of them as fruits and evidences of the fall; but assures those who abide in faith, that, amid all the suffering that reminds them that woman was first in the transgression, Ge 3:16, they may yet look trustfully to God for acceptance and salvation, 1Ti 2:15.
→ In answer to prayer
To Abraham Ge 15:2-5; with 21:1,2
Isaac Ge 25:21
Leah Ge 30:17-22
Rachel Ge 30:22-24
Hannah 1Sa 1:9-20
Zacharias Lu 1:13
→ Treatment of, at birth Eze 16:4-6; Lu 2:7,12
→ Circumcision of
→ See CIRCUMCISION
→ Dedicated to God in infancy
Samson Jud 13:5,7
Samuel 1Sa 1:24-28
- Christ was an example to
- Are a gift from God
- Are capable of glorifying God
- SHOULD BE
. Brought to Christ
. Brought early to the house of God
. Instructed in the ways of God
. Judiciously trained
יָנַק (yanaq) means to suck or suckle, particularly in the context of an infant nursing at its mother's breast. It can also refer to the act of giving milk or nursing, with related forms indicating a nursing mother or suckling child. The entries consistently emphasize the nurturing aspect of this word.
[יָנַק] vb. suck
Qal suck, of infant at mother's breast
Hiph. give suck to, nurse
base
H3243 יָנַק suck .suck, of infant at mother's breast
. give suck to, nurse
3243 yanaq yaw-nak'
a primitive root; to suck; causatively, to give milk:--milch,
nurse(-ing mother), (give, make to) suck(-ing child, -ling).
יָנַק (ya.naq) — to suckle.
1) to suckle, nurse, suck
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to suck
1a2) suckling, babe (subst)
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to give suck to, nurse
1b2) nursing, nursing woman, nurse (participle)
Conj | V-Qal — Conjunction · noun common masculine plural constructHC/Ncmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
שַׁד (shad) refers to the female breast, applicable to both humans and animals. The term can also be associated with the variant שֹׁד (shod), which carries the same meaning. The entries indicate that the word is likely derived from another root, but they do not provide further detail on its usage in specific verses.
[שַׁד] n.m. female breast
base
שֹׁד n.m. id. [v.bh.ab]
base
H7699a שַׁד female breast H7699b שֹׁד id. [7699a]
7699 shad shad
or shod {shode}; probably from 7736 (in its original sense)
contracted; the breast of a woman or animal (as
bulging):--breast, pap, teat.
see HEBREW for 07736
שַׁד (shad) — breast.
1) breast, bosom, (female) breast
1a) breast (of woman)
1b) breast (of animal)
1c) breast (of both human and animal)
Also means: shod (שֹׁד "breast" H7699B)
שֹׁד (shod) — breast.
1) breast, bosom, (female) breast
1a) breast (of woman)
1b) breast (of animal)
1c) breast (of both human and animal)
N-md — Noun common · masculine dual absoluteHNcmda
יָצָא (yatsa') is a Hebrew verb meaning to go or come out, with various applications including departure, escape, and emergence. It can refer to both animate and inanimate subjects and emphasizes the idea of origin or source. The verb appears in different forms, such as Qal, Hiphil, and Hophal, indicating actions like leading out or being brought forth.
יָצָא 1068 vb. go or come out
Qal
go or come out or forth
from (מִן) a place
go forth from (the presence of) a person
in technical senses
of flight, involving escape
depart
of inanimate things
with especial emphasis on idea of origin, source
of children as going forth from loins (of father)
go forth to a place
go forward, proceed to or toward something
come or go forth, with esp. ref. to purpose or result
of combinations
Hiph.
cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out
fig. obj. persons, bring out of (מִן) distress, etc.
bring out animals
inanimate obj.
fig. subj. י׳, bring forth from (מִן)
Hoph. be brought forth
base
H3318 יָצָא go or come out .. go or come out or forth . from (מִן) a place
. go forth from (the presence of) a person
. in technical senses
. of flight, involving escape
. depart
. of inanimate things
. with especial emphasis on idea of origin, source
. of children as going forth from loins (of father)
. . go forth to a place
. go forward, proceed to or toward something
. come or go forth, with esp. ref. to purpose or result
. of combinations
. . cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out
. fig. obj. persons, bring out of (מִן) distress, etc.
. bring out animals
. inanimate obj.
. fig. subj. י׳, bring forth from (מִן)
. be brought forth
3318 yatsa' yaw-tsaw'
a primitive root; to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great
variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct
and proxim.:--X after, appear, X assuredly, bear out, X
begotten, break out, bring forth (out, up), carry out, come
(abroad, out, thereat, without), + be condemned,
depart(-ing, -ure), draw forth, in the end, escape, exact,
fail, fall (out), fetch forth (out), get away (forth, hence,
out), (able to, cause to, let) go abroad (forth, on, out),
going out, grow, have forth (out), issue out, lay (lie) out,
lead out, pluck out, proceed, pull out, put away, be risen, X
scarce, send with commandment, shoot forth, spread, spring
out, stand out, X still, X surely, take forth (out), at any
time, X to (and fro), utter.
יָצָא (ya.tsa) — to come out: come.
: come/go_out/escape
1) to go out, come out, exit, go forth
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to go or come out or forth, depart
1a2) to go forth (to a place)
1a3) to go forward, proceed to (to or toward something)
1a4) to come or go forth (with purpose or for result)
1a5) to come out of
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out
1b2) to bring out of
1b3) to lead out
1b4) to deliver
1c) (Hophal) to be brought out or forth
יָצָא (ya.tsa) — to come out: send.
: send/take_out/release
1) to go out, come out, exit, go forth
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to go or come out or forth, depart
1a2) to go forth (to a place)
1a3) to go forward, proceed to (to or toward something)
1a4) to come or go forth (with purpose or for result)
1a5) to come out of
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out
1b2) to bring out of
1b3) to lead out
1b4) to deliver
V-Qal-Juss-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singularHVqi3ms
חָתָן (chathan) refers to a daughter's husband, bridegroom, or husband. It is derived from a root meaning a relative by marriage, particularly through the bride. The term encompasses both familial and marital relationships, with a figurative sense relating to religious espousal.
חָתָן n.m. daughter's husband, bridegroom
in relation to a father, daughter’s husband, or bridegroom
in relation to the bride, bridegroom
base
H2860 חָתָן daughter's husband, bridegroom
2860 chathan khaw-thawn'
from 2859; a relative by marriage (especially through the
bride); figuratively, a circumcised child (as a species of
religious espousal):--bridegroom, husband, son in law.
see HEBREW for 02859
חָתָן (cha.tan) — son-in-law.
son-in-law, daughter's husband, bridegroom, husband
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
חֶ֫דֶר (cheder) refers to a chamber or room, often indicating an inner or innermost space. It is derived from a related term and encompasses meanings like parlour and inward part. The entries consistently highlight its literal use in contexts referring to physical spaces.
חֶ֫דֶר n.m. chamber, room
base
H2315 חֶ֫דֶר chamber, room
2315 cheder kheh'-der
from 2314; an apartment (usually literal):--((bed)
inner)chamber, innermost(-ward) part, parlour, + south, X
within.
see HEBREW for 02314
חֶ֫דֶר (che.der) — chamber.
chamber, room, parlour, innermost or inward part, within
Prep | N-ms | Suff — Preposition · noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHR/Ncmsc/Sp3ms
כַּלָה (kallah) primarily means 'bride' or 'daughter-in-law.' It is derived from a root meaning 'to be perfect.' The entries consistently refer to the word as denoting a son's wife or a young bride, with no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
כַּלָה n.f. daughter-in-law, bride
base
H3618 כַּלָה daughter-in-law, bride
3618 kallah kal-law'
from 3634; a bride (as if perfect); hence, a son's
wife:--bride, daughter-in-law, spouse.
see HEBREW for 03634
כַּלָּה (kal.lah) — daughter-in-law: bride.
: bride
1) bride, daughter-in-law
1a) daughter-in-law
1b) bride, young wife
Also means: kal.lah (כַּלָּה ": daughter-in-law" H3618H)
כַּלָּה (kal.lah) — daughter-in-law.
: daughter-in-law
1) bride, daughter-in-law
1a) daughter-in-law
1b) bride, young wife
Conj | N-fs — Conjunction · noun common feminine singular absoluteHC/Ncfsa
brid.
See MARRIAGE.
Bride
Frequently used in the ordinary sense (Isa. 49:18; 61:10, etc.). The relation between Christ and his church is set forth under the figure of that between a bridegroom and bride (John 3:29). The church is called “the bride” (Rev. 21:9; 22:17). Compare parable of the Ten Virgins (Matt. 25:1-13).
→ Ornaments of Isa 49:18; 61:10; Jer 2:32; Re 21:2
→ Presents to Ge 24:53
→ Maids of Ge 24:59,61; 29:24,29
→ FIGURATIVE Ps 45:10-17; Eze 16:8-14; Re 19:7,8; 21:2,9; 22:17
חֻפָּה (chuppah) refers to a canopy or covering, often associated with a chamber or closet. It can also imply divine protection in a figurative sense. The word is derived from a related term, and its usage encompasses both physical and metaphorical meanings.
חֻפָּה n.f. canopy, chamber (as covering, enclosing)
base
H2646 חֻפָּה
2646 chuppah khoop-paw'
from 2645; a canopy:--chamber, closet, defence.
see HEBREW for 02645
חֻפָּה (chup.pah) — canopy.
1) chamber, room, canopy, closet
1a) canopy
1b) chamber
1c) divine protection (fig.)
Prep | N-fs | Suff — Preposition · noun common feminine singular construct · suffixHR/Ncfsc/Sp3fs