Psalms 35:17 — Word Study
WLCאֲדֹנָי֮ כַּמָּ֪ה תִּ֫רְאֶ֥ה הָשִׁ֣יבָה נַ֭פְשִׁי מִשֹּׁאֵיהֶ֑ם מִ֝כְּפִירִ֗ים יְחִידָתִֽי׃
BSAHow longmâh [what is the duration] O LordʼĂdônây [Adonay, the revered Master] will You look onrâʼâh▸ [behold, observe, provide for] Rescueshûwb my soulnephesh [living being, essence] from their ravagesshôwʼ [destructions, devastations] my precious lifeyâchîyd [beloved, unique] from these lionskᵉphîyr [young lions, fierce attackers]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| אֲדֹנָי֮ | O Lord | Noun proper |
| כַּמָּ֪ה | how long? | Preposition, pronoun |
| תִּ֫רְאֶ֥ה | will you look | Verb, Qal, imperfect second person masculine singular |
| הָשִׁ֣יבָה | bring back ! | Verb hiphil imperative second person masculine singular, suffix |
| נַ֭פְשִׁי | life my | Noun common feminine singular construct, suffix |
| מִשֹּׁאֵיהֶ֑ם | from ravages their | Preposition, noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| מִ֝כְּפִירִ֗ים | from young lions | Preposition, noun common masculine plural absolute |
| יְחִידָתִֽי׃ | only [life] my | Suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | How long, O Lord, will You look on? Rescue my soul from their ravages, my precious life from these lions. |
| KJV | Lord, how long wilt thou look on? rescue my soul from their destructions, my darling from the lions. |
| ASV | Lord, how long wilt thou look on? Rescue my soul from their destructions, My darling from the lions. |
| YLT | Lord, how long dost thou behold? Keep back my soul from their desolations, From young lions my only one. |
| WEB | Lord, how long will you look on? Rescue my soul from their destruction, my precious life from the lions. |
| BBE | Lord, how long will you be looking on? take my soul from their destruction, my life from the lions. |
Where they part company is in the rendering of specific phrases, but all translations maintain the essential meaning.
The structure emphasizes the main plea, with supporting phrases detailing the psalmist's request for rescue.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbמָה
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Psalms 35:17
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — A Cry for Helpgenerated
Psalm 35:17 expresses the psalmist's deep anguish and desperation as he calls upon the Lord for assistance against his enemies. The surrounding verses highlight the hostility he faces, emphasizing the urgency of his plea for rescue and protection. This psalm reflects a common theme in the Psalms where the faithful seek God's intervention in times of trouble and distress.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 6:3 | My soul is deeply distressed. How long, O LORD, how long? |
| 2 | Psalm 13:1–2 | How long, O LORD? Will You forget me forever? How long will You hide Your face from me? |
| 3 | Psalm 74:9–10 | There are no signs for us to see. There is no longer any prophet. And none of us knows how long this will last. |
| 4 | Psalm 89:46 | How long, O LORD? Will You hide Yourself forever? Will Your wrath keep burning like fire? |
| 5 | Psalm 94:3–4 | How long will the wicked, O LORD, how long will the wicked exult? |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 11 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — אֲדֹנָי, 'a.do.Naigenerated
The word אֲדֹנָי (Adonay) is a title used to refer to God, expressing reverence and respect. It is often used in place of Yahweh, particularly in prayer and worship, to emphasize the speaker's devotion.
This term appears frequently throughout the Hebrew Bible, indicating its significance in addressing God. It conveys a sense of authority and lordship, marking the relationship between the speaker and the divine.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The translations agree on the rendering of אֲדֹנָי as 'O Lord' across all versions, maintaining the reverential tone of the original Hebrew.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The verse is structured around the finite verb תִּ֫רְאֶ֥ה, will You look, which governs the entire plea. It is followed by a direct address to God and a series of requests for rescue.
The syntax emphasizes the psalmist's desperation, with the verb placed prominently to highlight the urgency of his call for divine attention.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates אֲדֹנָי as κύριε (kurie), maintaining the sense of lordship and reverence found in the Hebrew text.
This choice reflects a consistent understanding of God's authority and the relationship between the psalmist and the divine.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Psalm 35:17 is a heartfelt plea from the psalmist asking God how long He will wait before intervening. The psalmist is in distress, seeking rescue from enemies that threaten his very life, describing them as fierce lions. This verse captures the essence of seeking divine help in times of trouble.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The psalmist is expressing a sense of urgency and desperation, asking God when He will act to provide help and deliverance.
The term 'Adonay' is used to show reverence and respect, acknowledging God's authority and lordship in the psalmist's plea for help.
The psalmist is seeking deliverance from his enemies, who are depicted as destructive forces threatening his life.
This verse illustrates the common theme of seeking God's intervention in times of trouble, highlighting the reliance on divine help amidst distress.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what situations have I felt the need to cry out to God for help?
- How can I cultivate a deeper sense of reverence in my prayers, similar to how the psalmist addresses God?
- What are some personal 'lions' that threaten my peace, and how can I seek God's rescue from them?
- How can I encourage others who are in distress to turn to God for help?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
The early Church Fathers referenced this verse to discuss themes of suffering and divine assistance, providing insights into its interpretation.
"Lord, when will You look on? Rescue My Soul from their deceits, My Darling from the lions" [Psalms 35:17].Early Church Fathers on Psalms 35 →
Now, he says this not by way of accusation but out of a longing for help. When will you appear, he is saying, and assist the wronged?… Render my soul proof against their machinations.Early Church Fathers on Psalms 35 →
So you will apply this to the suffering of the Lord so that then you may draw out the logic of the explanation having begun, because the passion of the Lord happens so that we may be built up.Early Church Fathers on Psalms 35 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Psalms 35:17 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleLord, how long wilt thou look on?.... And behold these injuries and insults, and not arise to help and save?
Read John Gill on Psalms 35 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryLord, how long wilt thou look on? rescue my soul from their destructions, my darling from the lions. Lord, how long wilt thou look on? - without interposing for me.
Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 35 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleLook on, like an idle spectator, without affording me any pity or help. My darling, to wit, my soul, as it is in the former clause. Heb. my only one; which is now left alone and forsaken by my friends, and hath none to trust to but God. See Poole "".
Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 35 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsPsalms 35:17 Lord, how long wilt thou look on? rescue my soul from their destructions, my darling from the lions.Ver. 17. Lord, how long wilt thou look on?] i.e. Carry thyself as a spectator of my miseries and a tolerator of mine enemies, those architects of mine afflictions. Rescue my soul from their destructions] i.e. Their snares and ambushes, whereby they seek to destroy me. My darling from the lions]
Read John Trapp on Psalms 35 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(17) Darling . . . see margin and Note to Psalms 22:20. The lions is another suitable epithet for the hostile foreign party, so bitter against the genuine Israelite.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 35 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 17. My darling] יחידתי yechidathi, my only one, Psalms 22:20. My united one, or He that is alone. Perhaps this may relate to Christ. See Clarke on Psalms 22:20.
Read AdamClarke on Psalms 35 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges11–18. The causelessness of the Psalmist’s persecution and the ingratitude of his persecutors are urged as reasons for God’s interference on his behalf.
Read Cambridge on Psalms 35 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleLord, how long wilt thou look on? - How long wilt thou witness this without interposing to deliver me, and to punish those who treat me thus? God saw it all. He was able to save him that was thus persecuted and opposed.
Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 35 →The verse in English, compared — 16 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
How long, O Lord, will You look on? Rescue my soul from their ravages, my precious life from these lions.
Lord, how long will you look on? Rescue my soul from their destruction, my precious life from the lions.
How long, O Lord, will You look on? Rescue my soul from their ravages, my precious life from these lions.
O Lord, how long are you going to just stand there and watch this? Rescue me from their destructive attacks; guard my life from the young lions!
Tyndale line
Lord, how long wilt thou look on? rescue my soul from their destructions, my darling from the lions.
Lord, how long wilt thou look on? Rescue my soul from their destructions, My darling from the lions.
Lord, how long wilt thou look on? rescue my soul from their destructions, my darling from the lions.
LORD, how long wilt thou look on? rescue my soul from their destructions, my darling from the lions.
Lord, how long wilt thou beholde this? deliuer my soule from their tumult, euen my desolate soule from the lions.
Strictly literal
Lord, how long wilt thou look on? Rescue my soul from their destructions, my only one from the young lions.
Lord, how long dost thou behold? Keep back my soul from their desolations, From young lions my only one.
Lord, how long do You behold? Keep my soul back from their desolations, || My only one from young lions.
O Lord, how long wilt thou look on? rescue my soul from their destructions, from the young lions my solitary spirit.
Lord, how long will you look on? Rescue my soul from their destructive attacks, my life from the lions.
Simplified
How long, Lord, will you sit by and just watch? Save me from their vicious attacks; defend the only life I have from these lions.
Lord, how long will you be looking on? take my soul from their destruction, my life from the lions.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text is supported by the Septuagint, which matches seven out of the eight words in this verse. The Dead Sea Scrolls show some variations, with certain words supplied by editors due to damage, but the core message remains intact.
אֲדֹנָי֮ כַּמָּ֪ה תִּ֫רְאֶ֥ה הָשִׁ֣יבָה נַ֭פְשִׁי מִשֹּׁאֵיהֶ֑ם מִ֝כְּפִירִ֗ים יְחִידָתִֽי׃
7 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
אדוני כמה [תראה] [השיב׳ה] [נפש׳י] [משאי׳הם] [מכפירים] [יחידת׳י]
2 words on the leather — 6 supplied entire by an editor.
[אדני] [כמה] תראה השיב׳ה נפש׳י [משאי׳הם] [מכפירים] [יחידת׳י]
2 words on the leather — 1 partly restored, 5 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Psalms 35:17
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
אֲדֹנָי (Adonay) means 'Lord' and is an emphatic form of another Hebrew word for lord. It is used specifically as a title for God, often in place of Yahweh to show reverence. Variations include אֲדֹנִי and אֲדֹנַי, which help distinguish divine from human references.
אָדוֹן n.m. lord (אֲדֹנִי, אֲדֹנַי, אֲדֹנָי are variations of Mass. pointing to distinguish divine reference fr. human. Pl., with few exc. an intens. pl. of rank; word takes sf. as pl. in all other pers.; so doubtless here. Orig. reading prob. in all cases אֲדֹנַי; אֲדֹנִי now found in J 51 t.)
base
H136 אָדוֹן lord (אֲדֹנִי, אֲדֹנַי, אֲדֹנָי are variations of Mass. pointing to distinguish divine reference fr. human. Pl., with few exc. an intens. pl. of rank; word takes sf. as pl. in all other pers.; so doubtless here. Orig. reading prob. in all cases אֲדֹנַי; אֲדֹנִי now found in J 51 t.)
136 'Adonay ad-o-noy'
am emphatic form of 113; the Lord (used as a proper name of
God only):--(my) Lord.
see HEBREW for 0113
אֲדֹנָי (a.do.nai) — Lord.
Lord - a title, spoken in place of Yahweh in Jewish display of reverence
Another name of ye.ho.vah (יהוה "LORD" H3068G)
N-mp | Suff — Noun properHNpt
Lord
There are various Hebrew and Greek words so rendered.
(1.) Heb. Jehovah, has been rendered in the English Bible LORD, printed in small capitals. This is the proper name of the God of the Hebrews. The form “Jehovah” is retained only in Ex. 6:3; Ps. 83:18; Isa. 12:2; 26:4, both in the Authorized and the Revised Version.
(2.) Heb. ‘adon, means one possessed of absolute control. It denotes a master, as of slaves (Gen. 24:14, 27), or a ruler of his subjects (45:8), or a husband, as lord of his wife (18:12).
The old plural form of this Hebrew word is ’adonai. From a superstitious reverence for the name “Jehovah,” the Jews, in reading their Scriptures, whenever that name…
[GOD]
This name belongs to God by preeminence; and in this sense ought never to be given to any creature. Jesus Christ, as the Messiah, the Son of God, and equal with the Father, is often called Lord in Scripture, especially in the writing of Paul. The word LORD, in the English Bible, when printed in small capitals, stands always for JEHOVAH in the Hebrew. See JEHOVAH.
מָה (mah) is a Hebrew word primarily used as an interrogative particle meaning 'what?' or 'how?'. It can also function as an indefinite pronoun, encompassing meanings like 'anything' or 'whatever'. The word is versatile, appearing in various adverbial forms and often used with prefixes to express different nuances, such as reason or manner.
מָה, rarely מָה־, מַה־, מַהּ, מֶה, מַּ, מָ—pron.interrog. and indef. what? how? aught
interrog. what?
Used adverbially
Indef. pron.
With preps.
base
H4100 מָה, rarely מָה־, מַה־, מַהּ, מֶה, מַּ, מָ—pron. interrog. and indef. what? how? aught . interrog. what?
. Used adverbially
. Indef. pron.
. With preps.
4100 mah maw
or mah {mah}; or ma {maw}; or ma {mah}; also meh {meh}; a
primitive particle; properly, interrogative what? (including
how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including
how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and even
relatively, that which); often used with prefixes in various
adverbial or conjunctive senses:--how (long, oft, (-
soever)), (no-)thing, what (end, good, purpose, thing),
whereby(-fore, -in, -to, -with), (for) why.
מָה (mah) — what?.
interr pron
1) what, how, of what kind
1a) (interrogative)
1a1) what?
1a2) of what kind
1a3) what? (rhetorical)
1a4) whatsoever, whatever, what
1b) (adverb)
1b1) how, how now
1b2) why
1b3) how! (exclamation)
1c) (with prep)
1c1) wherein?, whereby?, wherewith?, by what means?
1c2) because of what?
1c3) the like of what?
1c3a) how much?, how many?, how often?
1c3b) for how long?
1c4) for what reason?, why?, to what purpose?
1c5) until when?, how long?, upon what?, wherefore?
indef pron
2) anything, aught, what may
Prep | Part — Preposition · pronounHR/Pi
רָאָה (ra'ah) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to see' and encompasses a wide range of visual and perceptual actions, including looking, observing, and causing others to see. It can refer to both literal sight and figurative understanding, with various grammatical forms indicating different nuances, such as appearing or being visible. The entries indicate a rich semantic field without significant disagreement among lexicographers.
רָאָה 1315 vb. see
Qal 1141
see, subj.
see, c. acc. rei
see, sq. acc. cl. or phr. of closer design
see, so as to learn to know
abs. see, have (power of) vision
see = perceive
look at, see, by direct volition
of mental observation
c. ב, lit., look into, hence look at with interest
see, c. acc. rei
Niph.
appear
be seen
be visible
Pu. appar. his bones are not detected
Hithp. recipr. look at each other
Hiph.
cause one to see something, shew
cause to experience something
cause to look intently at, to behold
Hoph.
be caused to see, be shewn
be exhibited to
base
H7200a רָאָה see .. . see, subj.
. see, c. acc. rei
. see, sq. acc. + cl. or phr. of closer design
. see, so as to learn to know
. abs. see, have (power of) vision
. see = perceive
. look at, see, by direct volition
. of mental observation
. . c. ב, lit., look into, hence look at with interest
. see, c. acc. rei
. . appear
. be seen
. be visible
. appar. his bones are not detected
. recipr. look at each other
. . . cause one to see something, shew
. cause to experience something
. cause to look intently at, to behold
. . be caused to see, be shewn
. be exhibited to
H7200b רְאוּת look
7200 ra'ah raw-aw'
a primitive root; to see, literally or figuratively (in
numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive,
intransitive and causative):--advise self, appear, approve,
behold, X certainly, consider, discern, (make to) enjoy, have
experience, gaze, take heed, X indeed, X joyfully, lo, look
(on, one another, one on another, one upon another, out, up,
upon), mark, meet, X be near, perceive, present, provide,
regard, (have) respect, (fore-, cause to, let) see(-r, -m, one
another), shew (self), X sight of others, (e-)spy, stare, X
surely, X think, view, visions.
רָאָה (ra.ah) — to see: see.
: see/show
1) to see, look at, inspect, perceive, consider
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to see
1a2) to see, perceive
1a3) to see, have vision
1a4) to look at, see, regard, look after, see after, learn about, observe, watch, look upon, look out, find out
1a5) to see, observe, consider, look at, give attention to, discern, distinguish
1a6) to look at, gaze at
1a7) to provide, choose
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to appear, present oneself
1b2) to be seen
1b3) to be visible
1c) (Pual) to be seen
1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to cause to see, show
1d2) to cause to look intently at, behold, cause to gaze at
1e) (Hophal)
1e1) to be caused to see, be shown
1e2) to be exhibited to
1f) (Hithpael) to look at each other, face
רָאָה (ra.ah) — to see: examine.
: examine/consider
1) to see, look at, inspect, perceive, consider
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to see
1a2) to see, perceive
1a3) to see, have vision
V-Qal-Imperf-2ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect second person masculine singularHVqi2ms
look:
(1) The uses of the simple verb in English Versions of the Bible are nearly all good modern English. In Isa 5:2, however, "He looked that it should bring forth grapes"--"look" is used in the sense of "expect." Compare the King James Version of Sirach 20:14; Ac 28:6, "They looked when he should have swollen" (the Revised Version (British and American) "They expected that he would have swollen"). In 1 Macc 4:54, the King James Version has inserted "look" (omitted in the Revised Version (British and American)) as a simple interjection, without a corresponding word in the Greek
(2) "Look upon" means "fix one's attention on," and is often so used in English Versions of the Bible without further significance (Ec 2:11;
The Hebrew word שׁוּב (shuwb) means to turn back or return, covering a wide range of contexts including physical, spiritual, and relational. It can denote returning to a previous state, repenting, or even apostatizing. The entries describe various forms and uses, including bringing back, restoring, and refreshing. Notably, it can also imply a change in course of action.
שׁוּב 1056 vb. turn back, return
Qal 683;—turn back, return:
turn back
return, come or go back
esp. return unto
of dying
of revival from death
fig. of human relations:
return to leader, king
= change so as to appoach (in purpose, desire)
turn, i.e. resort to
return to a physical condition
abs. = change course of action
fig., specif. of spiritual relations:
turn back from God = apostatize
of י׳, turn away
turn back to God (= seek penitently)
abs. repent
turn back from evil
of י׳
of י׳, return (to shew favour)
of inanimate things (sts. personified, or treated as things of life):
denoting repetition, etc.
trans.
Pō‛l.
bring back
fig. restore, refresh
restore, repair
lead away (enticingly)
shew turning = apostatize
Hiph. 353 cause to return, bring back
bring back into bondage
put back
= draw back
= give back, restore
= relinguish
= give in payment, requital
bring one back (from dead)
bring back heart
= refresh
H7725 שׁוּב turn back, return .—turn back, return: . turn back
. return, come or go back
. esp. return unto
. . of dying
. of revival from death
. fig. of human relations: . return to leader, king
. = change so as to appoach (in purpose, desire)
. turn, i.e. resort to
. return to a physical condition
. abs. = change course of action
. fig., specif. of spiritual relations: . turn back from God = apostatize
. of י׳, turn away
. turn back to God (= seek penitently)
. abs. repent
. turn back from evil
. of י׳
. of י׳, return (to shew favour)
. of inanimate things (sts. personified, or treated as things of life):
. denoting repetition, etc.
. trans.
. . bring back
. . fig. restore, refresh
. restore, repair
. lead away (enticingly)
. shew turning = apostatize
. cause to return, bring back . . bring back into bondage
. put back
. = draw back
. = give back, restore
. = relinguish
. = give in payment, requital
7725 shuwb shoob
a primitive root; to turn back (hence, away) transitively or
intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily
with the idea of return to the starting point); generally to
retreat; often adverbial, again:--((break, build, circumcise,
dig, do anything, do evil, feed, lay down, lie down, lodge,
make, rejoice, send, take, weep)) X again, (cause to) answer
(+ again), X in any case (wise), X at all, averse, bring
(again, back, home again), call (to mind), carry again (back),
cease, X certainly, come again (back), X consider, +
continually, convert, deliver (again), + deny, draw back,
fetch home again, X fro, get (oneself) (back) again, X give
(again), go again (back, home), (go) out, hinder, let, (see)
more, X needs, be past, X pay, pervert, pull in again, put
(again, up again), recall, recompense, recover, refresh,
relieve, render (again), requite, rescue, restore, retrieve,
שׁוּב (shuv) — to return: return.
: return
1) to return, turn back
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to turn back, return
1a1a) to turn back
1a1b) to return, come or go back
1a1c) to return unto, go back, come back
1a1d) of dying
1a1e) of human relations (fig)
1a1f) of spiritual relations (fig)
1a1f1) to turn back (from God), apostatise
1a1f2) to turn away (of God)
1a1f3) to turn back (to God), repent
1a1f4) turn back (from evil)
1a1g) of inanimate things
1a1h) in repetition
1b) (Polel)
1b1) to bring back
1b2) to restore, refresh, repair (fig)
1b3) to lead away (enticingly)
1b4) to show turning, apostatise
1c) (Pual) restored (participle)
1d) (Hiphil) to cause to return, bring back
1d1) to bring back, allow to return, put back, draw back, give back, restore, relinquish, give in payment
1d2) to bring back, refresh, restore
1d3) to bring back, report to, answer
1d4) to bring back, make requital, pay (as recompense)
V-Hiphil-Impv-2ms | Suff — Verb hiphil imperative second person masculine singular · suffixHVhv2ms/Sh
The Hebrew word נֶ֫פֶשׁ (*nephesh*) broadly means 'soul' or 'living being,' encompassing concepts like life, self, person, desire, and emotion. It is derived from the root meaning 'to breathe' and signifies both physical and mental aspects of existence. The lexicons note its use in various contexts, including as the seat of appetites and emotions, though its application to will and character is uncertain.
נֶ֫פֶשׁ 756 n.f. soul, living being, life, self, person, desire, appetite, emotion, and passion
= that which breathes, the breathing substance or being
The נפשׁ becomes a living being
The נפשׁ is specif.
The נפשׁ as the essential of man stands for the man himself
נפשׁ = seat of the appetites, in all periods (46 t.)
נ׳ = seat of emotions and passions
נפשׁ is used occasionally for mental acts
נפשׁ for acts of the will is dub.
נפשׁ = character is still more dub.
נ׳ in D
base
H5315 נֶ֫פֶשׁ soul, living being, life, self, person, desire, appetite, emotion, and passion . = that which breathes, the breathing substance or being
. The נפשׁ becomes a living being
. The נפשׁ is specif.
. The נפשׁ as the essential of man stands for the man himself
. נפשׁ = seat of the appetites, in all periods (46 t.)
. נ׳ = seat of emotions and passions
. נפשׁ is used occasionally for mental acts
. נפשׁ for acts of the will is dub.
. נפשׁ = character is still more dub.
. נ׳ in D
5315 nephesh neh'-fesh
from 5314; properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of
(abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal,
accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or mental):--any,
appetite, beast, body, breath, creature, X dead(-ly), desire,
X (dis-)contented, X fish, ghost, + greedy, he, heart(-y),
(hath, X jeopardy of) life (X in jeopardy), lust, man, me,
mind, mortally, one, own, person, pleasure, (her-, him-, my-,
thy-)self, them (your)-selves, + slay, soul, + tablet, they,
thing, (X she) will, X would have it.
see HEBREW for 05314
נֶ֫פֶשׁ (ne.phesh) — soul.
1) soul, self, life, creature, person, appetite, mind, living being, desire, emotion, passion
1a) that which breathes, the breathing substance or being, soul, the inner being of man
1b) living being
1c) living being (with life in the blood)
1d) the man himself, self, person or individual
1e) seat of the appetites
1f) seat of emotions and passions
1g) activity of mind
1g1) uncertain
1h) activity of the will
1h1) uncertain
1i) activity of the character
1i1) uncertain
נֶ֫פֶשׁ (ne.phesh) — soul: life.
1) soul, self, life, creature, person, appetite, mind, living being, desire, emotion, passion
1a) that which breathes, the breathing substance or being, soul, the inner being of man
1b) living being
1c) living being (with life in the blood)
1d) the man himself, self, person or individual
1e) seat of the appetites
1f) seat of emotions and passions
1g) activity of mind
N-cs | Suff — Noun common feminine singular construct · suffixHNcfsc/Sp1bs
שׁוֹא (sho') and its feminine form שׁוֹאָה (sho'ah) relate to concepts of ravage and devastation. The word conveys meanings such as ruin, waste, and destruction, often implying a sense of overwhelming force or storm. The entries suggest a connection to a root meaning to rush over, emphasizing the intensity of the devastation.
[שׁוֹא] n.[m.] ravage (?)
base
שׁוֹאָה, שֹׁאָה n.f. devastation, ruin, waste
base
H7722a שׁוֹא ravage? H7722b שׁוֹאָה, שֹׁאָה devastation, ruin, waste
7722 show' sho
or (feminine) showtah {sho-aw'}; or shoah {sho-aw'}; from an
unused root meaning to rush over; a tempest; by implication,
devastation:--desolate(-ion), destroy, destruction, storm,
wasteness.
שׁוֹא (sho) — ravage.
ravage
שׁוֹאָה (sho.ah) — devastation.
1) devastation, ruin, waste
1a) devastation, ruin
1b) ruin, waste (of land)
Prep | N-mp | Suff — Preposition · noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHR/Ncmpc/Sp3mp
The Hebrew word כְּפִיר (*kefir*) primarily means 'young lion,' while its plural form כְּפִירִים (*kefirim*) likely refers to 'villages.' The word is built from the root associated with 'covering,' suggesting a connection to both young lions and enclosed spaces. It appears in Nehemiah 6:2.
כְּפִיר n.m. young lion
base
כְּפִירִים Ne 6:2, prob. = foregoing [כְּפִירָה] (𝔊 al. n. appell. = villages).
done
H3715a כְּפִיר young lion H3715b כְּפִירִים prob. = כְּפִירָה
3715 kphiyr kef-eer'
from 3722; a village (as covered in by walls); also a young
lion (perhaps as covered with a mane):--(young) lion, village.
Compare 3723.
see HEBREW for 03722
see HEBREW for 03723
כְּפִיר (ke.phir) — lion.
young lion
כְּפִירִים (ke.phi.rim) — Hakkephirim.
village
Another name of o.no (אוֹנוֹ "Ono" H0207)
כְּפִירִים (ke.phi.rim) — villages.
village
Prep | N-mp — Preposition · noun common masculine plural absoluteHR/Ncmpa
Lions
The most powerful of all carnivorous animals. Although not now found in Palestine, they must have been in ancient times very numerous there. They had their lairs in the forests (Jer. 5:6; 12:8; Amos 3:4), in the caves of the mountains (Cant. 4:8; Nah. 2:12), and in the canebrakes on the banks of the Jordan (Jer. 49:19; 50:44; Zech. 11:3).
No fewer than at least six different words are used in the Old Testament for the lion. (1.) Gor (i.e., a “suckling”), the lion’s whelp (Gen. 49:9;
The Hebrew word יָחִיד (*yachiyd*) means 'only,' 'only one,' or 'solitary.' It is derived from a root meaning 'united' and can imply being beloved or lonely. The entries describe it as an adjective and noun, often referring to a unique or solitary entity, such as an only child. The term is linked to the concept of being irreplaceable.
יָחִיד adj. and subst. only, only one, solitary
base
H3173 יָחִיד only, only one, solitary
3173 yachiyd yaw-kheed'
from 3161; properly, united, i.e. sole; by implication,
beloved; also lonely; (feminine) the life (as not to be
replaced):--darling, desolate, only (child, son), solitary.
see HEBREW for 03161
יָחִיד (ya.chid) — only.
adj
1) only, only one, solitary, one
1a) only, unique, one
1b) solitary
1c)(TWOT) only begotten son
subst
2) one
Adj | Suff — SuffixHAafsc/Sp1bs