Psalms 56:6 — Word Study
WLCיָג֤וּרוּ׀ יִצְפּ֗וֹנוּ הֵ֭מָּה עֲקֵבַ֣י יִשְׁמֹ֑רוּ כַּ֝אֲשֶׁ֗ר קִוּ֥וּ נַפְשִֽׁי׃
BSAallkôl dayyôwm Chroniclesdâbâr to hurtʻâtsab uponʻal allkôl plotmachăshâbâh badraʻ
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| יָג֤וּרוּ׀ | they stir up trouble | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine plural |
| יִצְפּ֗וֹנוּ | they lie hidden | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine plural |
| הֵ֭מָּה | they | Pronoun |
| עֲקֵבַ֣י | heels my | Noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| יִשְׁמֹ֑רוּ | they watch for | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine plural |
| כַּ֝אֲשֶׁ֗ר | just as | Preposition, particle |
| קִוּ֥וּ | they have waited for | Verb, Piel, perfect third person common plural |
| נַפְשִֽׁי׃ | life my | Noun common feminine singular construct, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | They conspire, they lurk, they watch my steps while they wait to take my life. |
| KJV | They gather themselves together, they hide themselves, they mark my steps, when they wait for my soul. |
| ASV | They gather themselves together, they hide themselves, They mark my steps, Even as they have waited for my soul. |
| YLT | They assemble, they hide, they watch my heels, When they have expected my soul. |
| WEB | They conspire and lurk, watching my steps. They are eager to take my life. |
| BBE | They come together, they are waiting in secret places, they take note of my steps, they are waiting for my soul. |
The translations agree on the core meaning of the verse, particularly regarding the actions of the enemies.
The verse consists of a main clause followed by several subordinate actions that describe the enemies' plotting.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectיוֹם
verbכֹּל
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Psalms 56:6
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — A Lament of Distressgenerated
Psalms 56:6 depicts the psalmist's anguish as he faces conspirators who are intent on his destruction. This verse reflects the broader theme of the psalm, where the psalmist seeks refuge in God amidst the threats posed by his enemies, as seen in the surrounding verses that express his fears and hopes for divine intervention.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 2:1–3 | Why do the nations rage and the peoples plot in vain? |
| 2 | Psalm 59:3 | See how they lie in wait for me. Fierce men conspire against me for no transgression or sin of my own, O LORD. |
| 3 | Psalm 71:10 | For my enemies speak against me, and those who lie in wait for my life conspire, |
| 4 | Psalm 140:2 | who devise evil in their hearts and stir up war all day long. |
| 5 | Matthew 26:3–4 | At that time the chief priests and elders of the people assembled in the courtyard of the high priest, whose name was Caiaphas, |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 18 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — יָג֤וּרוּ, ya.Gu.rugenerated
The verb יָג֤וּרוּ (ya.Gu.ru) is in the imperfect tense, indicating ongoing action. It means 'they stir up trouble' or 'they conspire', reflecting the active plotting of the enemies against the psalmist. This word can also imply a sense of fear or dread, suggesting the weight of the threats he faces.
The root of this verb, גּוּר (gur), carries meanings related to sojourning or dwelling, but in this context, it emphasizes the adversaries' intent to create strife and instability in the psalmist's life.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses the phrase they conspire, aligning with the KJV and ASV.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The structure of the verse is governed by a series of verbs that describe the actions of the enemies. The first verb יָג֤וּרוּ (they conspire) leads into subsequent actions, creating a vivid picture of their plotting.
The sentence is constructed with multiple clauses, each contributing to the overall sense of threat. The verbs are coordinated, showcasing the simultaneous actions of the enemies as they conspire, lurk, and watch.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates יָג֤וּרוּ as ὅλην (holēn), which means 'whole' or 'entire.' This choice may reflect a broader interpretation of the enemies' actions as encompassing all aspects of their conspiracy against the psalmist.
This translation choice emphasizes the completeness of the enemies' plotting, suggesting that their intent is all-encompassing and relentless.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Psalms 56:6 shows how the psalmist's enemies are conspiring against him. They are hiding, watching his every move, and waiting to take his life. This verse reveals the danger he feels and his awareness of the threats surrounding him.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It indicates that the enemies are actively plotting against the psalmist, seeking to create harm.
They are described as lurking or hiding in secret places, indicating a stealthy approach to their malicious intent.
This suggests that the enemies are closely monitoring the psalmist's actions, waiting for the right moment to strike.
The psalmist seeks refuge and protection from God amidst the threats posed by his adversaries.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- How do I respond when I feel threatened or conspired against?
- What can I learn from the psalmist about seeking refuge in God during difficult times?
- In what ways do I recognize the presence of adversaries in my own life?
- How can I trust God to protect me as the psalmist does?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Augustine of Hippo comments on this verse, discussing the concept of sojourners and the nature of the enemies' actions.
"They shall sojourn, and shall hide" [Psalms 56:6]. To sojourn is to be in a strange land. Sojourners is a term used of those then that live in a country not their own.Early Church Fathers on Psalms 56 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Psalms 56:6 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleThey gather themselves together,.... And meet in some one place, to contrive ways and means to do hurt, and then assemble together again to put them in execution; as did the Jews with respect to Christ, Matthew 26:3.
Read John Gill on Psalms 56 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryThey gather themselves together, they hide themselves, they mark my steps, when they wait for my soul. They gather themselves together. So the Hebrew [ guwr (H1481)] is rendered, Psalms 59:3; Isaiah 54:15. Compare Psalms 31:13.
Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 56 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleThey gather themselves together; after they have severally employed their thoughts against me, they meet together to compare their thoughts, and to put them in execution. They hide themselves; they lurk secretly, either that they may pry into all my most private actions, or that they may surprise me with mischief unawares. Compare . They mark my steps, i.e. all my goings and doings, that they may find some occasion to reproach or entangle, and so destroy me. My soul, or life, to wit, to take it away from me.
Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 56 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsPsalms 56:6 They gather themselves together, they hide themselves, they mark my steps, when they wait for my soul.Ver. 6. They gather themselves together] They convene and combine to do me mischief; and should not God’ s people meet often together to counterplot such malignants, and to pray them down? Cum bent, cum probi coeunt, cum pii, cum casti congregantur, non est factio dicenda, sed curia: Et e contrario, illis nomen factionis accommodandum est, qui in odium bonorum et proborum conspirant, saith Tertullian (Apol. advers. Gentes, cap. 39, Numbers 520). They mark my steps] They spy and pry into my practices, that they may take any advantage; this calls for careful and exact walking, 1…
Read John Trapp on Psalms 56 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(6) They hide themselves.—Better, they set spies. Mark my steps.—Literally, watch my heels. (See Psalms 49:5; Psalms 89:51.)
Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 56 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 6. They gather themselves together] They form cabals; have secret meetings and consultations how they may most effectually destroy me, under the pretense of justice and safety to the state. They hide themselves] They do all secretly. They mark my steps] They are constantly at my heels. They wait for my soul.] They lie in wait for my life. Our translators have missed the meaning of נפש nephesh and ψυχε, which generally signify the animal life, not the immortal spirit, - more than any other words in the Old or New Testament.
Read AdamClarke on Psalms 56 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges6. they hide themselves] I.e., lie in wait for me; or according to the Kthibh, set an ambush. Cp. Psalms 59:3; Psalms 10:8-9. they mark my steps] Like hunters tracking their game. “Go, I pray you,” said Saul to the men of Keilah, “and know and see his place where his haunt (lit. foot) is” (1 Samuel 23:22-23). when they wait &c.] R.V., even as (marg. inasmuch as) they have waited for my soul; have been watching their opportunity to take my life. Cp. Psalms 119:95.
Read Cambridge on Psalms 56 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleThey gather themselves together - That is, they do not attack me singly, but they unite their forces; they combine against me. They hide themselves - They lurk in ambush.
Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 56 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
They conspire, they lurk, they watch my steps while they wait to take my life.
They conspire and lurk, watching my steps. They are eager to take my life.
They conspire, they lurk, they watch my steps while they wait to take my life.
They stalk and lurk; they watch my every step, as they prepare to take my life.
Tyndale line
They gather themselves together, they hide themselves, they mark my steps, when they wait for my soul.
They gather themselves together, they hide themselves, They mark my steps, Even as they have waited for my soul.
They gather themselves together, they hide themselves, they mark my steps, even as they have waited for my soul.
They assemble themselves, they hide themselves, they mark my steps, when they wait for my soul.
They gather together, and keepe them selues close: they marke my steps, because they waite for my soule.
Strictly literal
They gather themselves together, they hide themselves; they mark my steps, because they wait for my soul.
They assemble, they hide, they watch my heels, When they have expected my soul.
They assemble, they hide, they watch my heels, || When they have expected my soul.
(56:7) They come together in troops, they hide themselves, they are those that watch my heels, as though they hoped [to take] my soul.
They gather themselves together, they hide themselves, and they mark my steps, just as they have waited for my life.
From the Latin
Be thou exalted, O God, above the heavens, and thy glory above all the earth.
Simplified
They gather together in their hiding places to keep watch on me, hoping to kill me.
They come together, they are waiting in secret places, they take note of my steps, they are waiting for my soul.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree on the wording of this verse, with all eight words matching in the Hebrew and Greek texts. This alignment indicates a consistent understanding of the psalmist's lament across these traditions.
יָג֤וּרוּ׀ יִצְפּ֗וֹנוּ הֵ֭מָּה עֲקֵבַ֣י יִשְׁמֹ֑רוּ כַּ֝אֲשֶׁ֗ר קִוּ֥וּ נַפְשִֽׁי׃
8 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Psalms 56:6
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
גּוּר (gur) is a Hebrew verb with a range of meanings including to sojourn, abide, and seek hospitality, as well as to stir up strife or quarrel, and to dread or fear. It is built from a primitive root that conveys the idea of turning aside from a path, often for lodging. The lexicons indicate that it can imply both positive and negative interactions, such as hospitality and conflict.
גּוּר vb. sojourn
Qal
sojourn
abide
Hithpol. seek hospitality with
base
[גּוּר] vb. stir up strife, quarrel
Qal.
stir up strife
quarrel
Hithpol. they excite themselves, but unlikely
base
[גּוּר] vb. dread
Qal
be afraid of
stand in awe of
base
H1481a גּוּר sojourn .. sojourn
. abide
. seek hospitality with
H1481b גּוּר stir up strife, quarrel H1481c גּוּר dread
1481 guwr goor
a primitive root; properly, to turn aside from the road (for
a lodging or any other purpose), i.e. sojourn (as a guest);
also to shrink, fear (as in a strange place); also to gather
for hostility (as afraid):--abide, assemble, be afraid, dwell,
fear, gather (together), inhabitant, remain, sojourn, stand in
awe, (be) stranger, X surely.
גּוּר (gur) — to sojourn.
1) to sojourn, abide, dwell in, dwell with, remain, inhabit, be a stranger, be continuing, surely
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to sojourn, dwell for a time
1a2) to abide, stay, temporarily dwell
1b) (Hithpolel)
1b1) to seek hospitality with
1b2) to assemble oneself
גּוּר (gur) — to quarrel.
1) to stir up trouble, strife, quarrel, gather together
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to stir up strife
1a2) to quarrel
1b) (Hithpolel) to excite oneself
גּוּר (gur) — to dread.
1) to dread, fear, stand in awe, be afraid
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to fear, be afraid
1a2) to be in awe, stand in awe
HVqi3mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine pluralHVqi3mp
→ BORROWING Mt 6:25-34; Mr 5:35,36; Joh 14:1; 16:6,7; Php 4:6; 1Pe 5:7
See AFFLICTION
See SUFFERING
→ INSTANCES OF
Israelites at the Red Sea Ex 14:10-12
About water Ex 15:23-25; 17:2,3; Nu 20:1-13
Food Ex 16:2,3; Nu 11:4-33
When Moses waited upon the mountain Ex 32:1
צָפַן (tsaphan) is a Hebrew verb meaning to hide or treasure up. It can refer to hiding something by covering it, storing it, or keeping it secret. The word has various forms, including Qal (to hide), Niphal (to be hidden), and Hiphil (to hide from discovery). It conveys both protective and secretive connotations.
צָפַן vb. hide, treasure up
Qal
trans. hide
intrans. lie hid, lurk
Niph. be hidden from before
Hiph. hide
base
H6845 צָפַן hide, treasure up
6845 tsaphan tsaw-fan'
a primitive root; to hide (by covering over); by implication,
to hoard or reserve; figuratively to deny; specifically
(favorably) to protect, (unfavorably) to lurk:--esteem,
hide(-den one, self), lay up, lurk (be set) privily, (keep)
secret(-ly, place).
צָפַן (tsa.phan) — to treasure.
1) to hide, treasure, treasure or store up
1a)(Qal)
1a1) to hide, treasure, treasure up
1a2) to lie hidden, lurk
1b) (Niphal) to be hidden, be stored up
1c) (Hiphil) to hide, hide from discovery
HVqi3mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine pluralHVqi3mp
hid'-'n: The translation of Taman, "to hide," "to bury" (Job 3:16); of tsaphan "to conceal," "store up" (Job 15:20, "The number of years is hidden to the oppressor," the Revised Version (British and American) "even the number of years that are laid up for the oppressor," margin "and years that are numbered are laid up"; Job 24:1, "Why, seeing times are not hidden from the Almighty," the Revised Version (British and American) "Why are times not laid up by the Almighty?" margin as the King James Version with "Why is it?" prefixed; Ps 83:3, "They consulted (the Revised Version (British and American) "consult") against thy hidden ones"); of matspunim (from tsaphan), "hidden…
הֵ֫מָּה (hemmah) is a masculine plural pronoun meaning 'they.' The entries indicate that it can also mean 'these,' 'the same,' or refer to people in an emphatic context. There is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its usage.
הֵ֫מָּה and הֵם (without appreciable distinction in usage, except prob. in so far as the longer or shorter form was better adapted to the rhythm of particular sentences) pron. 3 pl. masc. they
base
H1992 הֵ֫מָּה, הֵם (without appreciable distinction in usage, except prob. in so far as the longer or shorter form was better adapted to the rhythm of particular sentences) they
1992 hem haym
or (prolonged) hemmah {haym'-maw}; masculine plural from
1981; they (only used when emphatic):--it, like, X (how, so)
many (soever, more as) they (be), (the) same, X so, X such,
their, them, these, they, those, which, who, whom, withal, ye.
see HEBREW for 01981
הֵ֫מָּה (hem.mah) — they(masc.).
they, these, the same, who
HPp3mp — PronounHPp3mp
עָקֵב (‘aqeb) refers to a heel, footprint, or the rear part of something, such as a troop. It can denote a physical heel or a figurative rear, like the back of an army. The word is built from the root related to the concept of hindrance or following, and it appears in contexts that involve tracking or footsteps.
עָקֵב n.m. heel, footprint, hinder-part
base
H6119 עָקֵב heel, footprint, hinder-part
6119 `aqeb aw-kabe'
or (feminine) hiqqbah {ik-keb-aw'}; from 6117; a heel (as
protuberant); hence, a track; figuratively, the rear (of an
army):--heel, (horse-)hoof, last, lier in wait (by mistake
for 6120), (foot- )step.
see HEBREW for 06117
see HEBREW for 06120
עָקֵב (a.qev) — heel.
1) heel, rear, footprint, hinder part, hoof, rear of a troop, footstep
1a) heel
1b) mark of heel, footprint
1c) hinder part, rear
HNcmpc/Sp1bs — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHNcmpc/Sp1bs
The Hebrew word שָׁמַר (*shamar*) is a primitive root meaning to keep, guard, or observe. It encompasses a wide range of actions including protecting, waiting for, and celebrating obligations like the Sabbath. The verb appears in various forms, indicating nuances such as being on guard or refraining from certain actions. It is used extensively in the Old Testament, reflecting both physical and moral vigilance.
שָׁמַר 465 vb. keep, watch, preserve
Qal 425
keep, have charge of
keep, guard, captives
hence, watch for, wait for
watch, observe
keep, retain, of storing up (food)
keep within bounds, restrain
observe, celebrate
keep sabbath
of other obligations
observe = follow dictates of (prudence, justice, kindness, wisdom)
sts. י׳ subj.
keep, reserve, weeks of harvest
Niph.
36be on one's guard
keep oneself, refrain, abstain
be kept, guarded
Pi. those paying regard to false vanities
Hithp. I kept myself from
base
H8104 שָׁמַר keep, watch, preserve .. . keep, have charge of
. keep, guard, captives
. hence, watch for, wait for
. watch, observe
. . keep, retain, of storing up (food)
. keep within bounds, restrain
. . observe, celebrate
. keep sabbath
. of other obligations
. observe = follow dictates of (prudence, justice, kindness, wisdom)
. sts. י׳ subj.
. keep, reserve, weeks of harvest
. . be on one's guard
. keep oneself, refrain, abstain
. be kept, guarded
. those paying regard to false vanities
. I kept myself from
8104 shamar shaw-mar'
a primitive root; properly, to hedge about (as with thorns),
i.e. guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc.:--beward,
be circumspect, take heed (to self), keep(-er, self), mark,
look narrowly, observe, preserve, regard, reserve, save
(self), sure, (that lay) wait (for), watch(-man).
שָׁמַר (sha.mar) — to keep: obey.
: obey/observe
1) to keep, guard, observe, give heed
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to keep, have charge of
1a2) to keep, guard, keep watch and ward, protect, save life
1a2a) watch, watchman (participle)
1a3) to watch for, wait for
1a4) to watch, observe
1a5) to keep, retain, treasure up (in memory)
1a6) to keep (within bounds), restrain
1a7) to observe, celebrate, keep (sabbath or covenant or commands), perform (vow)
1a8) to keep, preserve, protect
1a9) to keep, reserve
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be on one's guard, take heed, take care, beware
1b2) to keep oneself, refrain, abstain
1b3) to be kept, be guarded
1c) (Piel) to keep, pay heed
1d) (Hithpael) to keep oneself from
שָׁמַר (sha.mar) — to keep: guard.
: guard
1) to keep, guard, observe, give heed
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to keep, have charge of
1a2) to keep, guard, keep watch and ward, protect, save life
1a2a) watch, watchman (participle)
HVqi3mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine pluralHVqi3mp
for (ki (conjunction), le, from 'el (preposition), and various other words. In the New Testament also the words are various, chiefly gar, kai gar, hoti (conjunctions); anti apo eis dia (accusative), epi (dative and accusative), peri (genitive), pros (genitive and accusative), huper (genitive) (prepositions)): the English Revised Version and the American Standard Revised Version give in many cases more literal or more accurate renderings than those in the King James Version.
In the New Testament the most important preps. from a doctrinal point of view are anti, "face to face," "over against," "instead," "on behalf of," peri, "around," "about," "concerning," huper, "over," "on behalf of." The first has been claimed as stating the substitutionary nature of Christ's sacrifice as contrasted with huper and peri, more frequently used of it. But, although anti in the New Testament often means…
The Hebrew word אֲשֶׁר (*asher*) is a relative pronoun that can mean 'who,' 'which,' or 'that.' It serves various grammatical functions, including as an adverb or conjunction, indicating relationships between clauses, places, or conditions. Variants like בַאֲשֶׁר (*ba-asher*), מֵאֲשֶׁר (*me-asher*), and כַּאֲשֶׁר (*ka-asher*) expand its usage to specific contexts such as location, causation, and time.
אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause.
base
בַאֲשֶׁר
in (that) which
adv. in (the place) where
conj. in that, inasmuch as
on account of whom?
base
מֵאֲשֶׁר
from (or than) that which
adv. from (the place) where
conj. from (the fact) that …, since
base
כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when
according to that which, according as, as
with a causal force, in so far as, since
with a temporal force, when
base
H834a אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause. H834b בַאֲשֶׁר . in (that) which
. adv. in (the place) where
. conj. in that, inasmuch as
. on account of whom?
H834c מֵאֲשֶׁר . from (or than) that which
. adv. from (the place) where
. conj. from (the fact) that …, since
H834d כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when . according to that which, according as, as
. with a causal force, in so far as, since
. with a temporal force, when
834 'aher ash-er'
a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number);
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction)
when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.:--X after, X
alike, as (soon as), because, X every, for, + forasmuch, +
from whence, + how(-soever), X if, (so) that ((thing) which,
wherein), X though, + until, + whatsoever, when, where
(+ -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, +
whither(- soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is
indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun
expletively, used to show the connection.
אֲשֶׁר (a.sher) — which.
A: 1) (relative part.)
1a) which, who
1b) that which
2) (conj)
2a) that (in obj clause)
2b) when
2c) since
2d) as
2e) conditional if
B: Beth+ 1) in (that) which
2) (adv)
2a) where
3) (conj)
3a) in that, inasmuch as
3b) on account of
C: Mem+ 1) from (or than) that which
2) from (the place) where
3) from (the fact) that, since
D: Kaph+
1) (conj.), according as, as, when
1a) according to that which, according as, as
1b) with a causal force: in so far as, since
1c) with a temporal force: when
בַאֲשֶׁר (ba.a.sher) — in which.
1) in (that) which
2) (adv)
2a) where
3) (conj)
3a) in that, inasmuch as
3b) on account of
מֵאֲשֶׁר (me.a.sher) — whence.
1) from (or than) that which
2) from (the place) where
3) from (the fact) that, since
כַּאֲשֶׁר (ka.a.sher) — as which.
conj
1) according as, as, when
1a) according to that which, according as, as
HR/Tr — Preposition · particleHR/Tr
az: Conj. and adverb (usually Greek hos hosper, kathos), designating:
(1) Likeness: (a) between nouns (Ge 3:5; Jud 6:5; Php 2:8; Heb 11:27,29); (b) between verbs (Lu 6:36; Joh 5:30; 1Co 10:7); (c) between adjectives (1Co 15:48).
(2) Limitation (with respect to a particular aspect or relation) (1Pe 4:15,16).
קָוָה (qavah) is a Hebrew verb that encompasses the meanings of waiting, expecting, and collecting. It can refer to eagerly waiting or lying in wait, as well as the act of gathering together. The word appears in different forms, including Qal and Piel, indicating various nuances of waiting and collecting.
[קָוָה] vb. wait for
Qal those waiting for
Pi.
wait, or look eagerly, for
lie in wait for
wait (linger) for
base
[קָוָה] vb. collect;—Niph. be collected
base
H6960a קָוָה wait for . wait, or look eagerly, for
. lie in wait for
. wait (linger) for
H6960b קָוָה collect;—Niph. be collected
6960 qavah kaw-vaw'
a primitive root; to bind together (perhaps by twisting),
i.e. collect; (figuratively) to expect:--gather (together),
look, patiently, tarry, wait (for, on, upon).
קָוָה (qa.vah) — to await.
1) to wait, look for, hope, expect
1a) (Qal) waiting (participle)
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to wait or look eagerly for
1b2) to lie in wait for
1b3) to wait for, linger for
קָוָה (qa.vah) — to collect.
1) to collect, bind together
1a) (Niphal) to be collected
HVpp3cp — Verb · Piel · perfect third person common pluralHVpp3cp
for (ki (conjunction), le, from 'el (preposition), and various other words. In the New Testament also the words are various, chiefly gar, kai gar, hoti (conjunctions); anti apo eis dia (accusative), epi (dative and accusative), peri (genitive), pros (genitive and accusative), huper (genitive) (prepositions)): the English Revised Version and the American Standard Revised Version give in many cases more literal or more accurate renderings than those in the King James Version.
In the New Testament the most important preps. from a doctrinal point of view are anti, "face to face," "over against," "instead," "on behalf of," peri, "around," "about," "concerning," huper, "over," "on behalf of." The first has been claimed as stating the substitutionary nature of Christ's sacrifice as contrasted with huper and peri, more frequently used of it. But, although anti in the New Testament often means…
The Hebrew word נֶ֫פֶשׁ (*nephesh*) broadly means 'soul' or 'living being,' encompassing concepts like life, self, person, desire, and emotion. It is derived from the root meaning 'to breathe' and signifies both physical and mental aspects of existence. The lexicons note its use in various contexts, including as the seat of appetites and emotions, though its application to will and character is uncertain.
נֶ֫פֶשׁ 756 n.f. soul, living being, life, self, person, desire, appetite, emotion, and passion
= that which breathes, the breathing substance or being
The נפשׁ becomes a living being
The נפשׁ is specif.
The נפשׁ as the essential of man stands for the man himself
נפשׁ = seat of the appetites, in all periods (46 t.)
נ׳ = seat of emotions and passions
נפשׁ is used occasionally for mental acts
נפשׁ for acts of the will is dub.
נפשׁ = character is still more dub.
נ׳ in D
base
H5315 נֶ֫פֶשׁ soul, living being, life, self, person, desire, appetite, emotion, and passion . = that which breathes, the breathing substance or being
. The נפשׁ becomes a living being
. The נפשׁ is specif.
. The נפשׁ as the essential of man stands for the man himself
. נפשׁ = seat of the appetites, in all periods (46 t.)
. נ׳ = seat of emotions and passions
. נפשׁ is used occasionally for mental acts
. נפשׁ for acts of the will is dub.
. נפשׁ = character is still more dub.
. נ׳ in D
5315 nephesh neh'-fesh
from 5314; properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of
(abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal,
accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or mental):--any,
appetite, beast, body, breath, creature, X dead(-ly), desire,
X (dis-)contented, X fish, ghost, + greedy, he, heart(-y),
(hath, X jeopardy of) life (X in jeopardy), lust, man, me,
mind, mortally, one, own, person, pleasure, (her-, him-, my-,
thy-)self, them (your)-selves, + slay, soul, + tablet, they,
thing, (X she) will, X would have it.
see HEBREW for 05314
נֶ֫פֶשׁ (ne.phesh) — soul.
1) soul, self, life, creature, person, appetite, mind, living being, desire, emotion, passion
1a) that which breathes, the breathing substance or being, soul, the inner being of man
1b) living being
1c) living being (with life in the blood)
1d) the man himself, self, person or individual
1e) seat of the appetites
1f) seat of emotions and passions
1g) activity of mind
1g1) uncertain
1h) activity of the will
1h1) uncertain
1i) activity of the character
1i1) uncertain
נֶ֫פֶשׁ (ne.phesh) — soul: life.
1) soul, self, life, creature, person, appetite, mind, living being, desire, emotion, passion
1a) that which breathes, the breathing substance or being, soul, the inner being of man
1b) living being
1c) living being (with life in the blood)
1d) the man himself, self, person or individual
1e) seat of the appetites
1f) seat of emotions and passions
1g) activity of mind
HNcfsc/Sp1bs — Noun common feminine singular construct · suffixHNcfsc/Sp1bs