Psalms 80:16 — Word Study
WLCשְׂרֻפָ֣ה בָאֵ֣שׁ כְּסוּחָ֑ה מִגַּעֲרַ֖ת פָּנֶ֣יךָ יֹאבֵֽדוּ׃
BSAshootkannâh△ whichʼăsher to plantnâṭaʻ Ben]jaminyâmîyn uponʻal sonbên to strengthenʼâmats
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| שְׂרֻפָ֣ה | [it is] burned | Verb, Qal, participle (passive) feminine singular |
| בָאֵ֣שׁ | with fire | Preposition, noun common both singular absolute |
| כְּסוּחָ֑ה | [it is] cut down | Verb, Qal, participle (passive) feminine singular |
| מִגַּעֲרַ֖ת | from [the] rebuke of | Preposition, noun common feminine singular construct |
| פָּנֶ֣יךָ | face your | Noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| יֹאבֵֽדוּ׃ | they will perish | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine plural |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Your vine has been cut down and burned; they perish at the rebuke of Your countenance. |
| KJV | It is burned with fire, it is cut down: they perish at the rebuke of thy countenance. |
| ASV | It is burned with fire, it is cut down: They perish at the rebuke of thy countenance. |
| YLT | Burnt with fire — cut down, From the rebuke of Thy face they perish. |
| WEB | It’s burned with fire. It’s cut down. They perish at your rebuke. |
| BBE | It is burned with fire; it is cut down: they are made waste by the wrath of your face. |
Where they part company is over יֹאבֵֽדוּ — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence is structured with a main clause followed by several subordinate phrases, detailing the destruction and its cause.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbוְ
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Psalms 80:16
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — A Lament for Israel's Restorationgenerated
Psalm 80:16 expresses deep sorrow over the destruction of Israel, depicted as a vine that has been cut down and burned. The psalmist acknowledges the consequences of God's rebuke, highlighting the need for His mercy and restoration. This lament is part of a larger plea for God to intervene and revive His people, as seen in the surrounding verses.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 79:5 | How long, O LORD? Will You be angry forever? Will Your jealousy burn like fire? |
| 2 | Isaiah 27:11 | When its limbs are dry, they are broken off. Women come and use them for kindling; for this is a people without understanding. Therefore their Maker has no compassion on them, and their Creator shows them no favor. |
| 3 | Ezekiel 20:47–48 | Say to the forest of the Negev: Hear the word of the LORD! This is what the Lord GOD says: I am about to ignite in you a fire, and it will devour all your trees, both green and dry. The blazing flame will not be quenched, and by it every face from south to north will be scorched. |
| 4 | John 15:6 | If anyone does not remain in Me, he is like a branch that is thrown away and withers. Such branches are gathered up, thrown into the fire, and burned. |
| 5 | Psalm 39:11 | You discipline and correct a man for his iniquity, consuming like a moth what he holds dear; surely each man is but a vapor. Selah |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 8 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — שְׂרֻפָ֣ה, se.ru.Fahgenerated
The word שְׂרֻפָ֣ה (*se.ru.Fah*) is a passive participle form of the verb שָׂרַף (*saraph*), meaning 'to burn.' It conveys the idea of something that has been set on fire or destroyed by fire, emphasizing the severity of the destruction.
In this context, it describes the state of God's vine, illustrating the complete devastation that has occurred. The use of this term evokes strong imagery of loss and judgment, underscoring the urgency of the psalmist's plea for restoration.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The verse is structured around three main verbs: שְׂרֻפָ֣ה, כְּסוּחָ֑ה, and יֹאבֵֽדוּ, which describe the actions affecting God's vine and the people. The primary clause presents the state of the vine, while the subsequent clauses elaborate on the consequences of God's rebuke.
The order of the Hebrew words emphasizes the destruction first, followed by the cause (the rebuke of God's face) and then the resulting fate of the people, creating a clear progression from devastation to despair.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates שְׂרֻפָ֣ה as καὶ (*kai*), indicating a straightforward rendering without additional interpretation. This choice reflects a direct correspondence to the Hebrew text, maintaining the focus on the act of burning.
The Greek word ἐφύτευσεν for כְּסוּחָ֑ה suggests a slightly different emphasis, as it means 'to plant' rather than 'to cut down,' which may imply a contrast in the understanding of the vine's fate.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Psalm 80:16 describes how God's vine has been cut down and burned, highlighting the devastation of His people. The verse emphasizes that they perish because of God's rebuke, expressing a deep need for His mercy and restoration.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It symbolizes the destruction of Israel, representing God's people who have faced judgment and loss.
The rebuke signifies God's anger and correction, leading to the perishing of the people as a consequence of their actions.
Fire represents destruction and judgment but can also symbolize purification and God's presence.
The psalmist is pleading for God's restoration and mercy in light of the devastation experienced by His people.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways can I recognize areas in my life where I may feel cut down or burned?
- How can I seek God's mercy and restoration in times of judgment or correction?
- What does it mean to me that God's presence can bring both rebuke and restoration?
- How can I support others who feel lost or perishing under the weight of their circumstances?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early commentary on this verse includes Augustine of Hippo, who reflects on the themes of destruction and divine rebuke.
"Things burned with fire, and dug up, by the rebuke of Your countenance shall perish" [Psalms 80:16].Early Church Fathers on Psalms 80 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Psalms 80:16 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleIt is burnt with fire, it is cut down,.... That is, the vine of Israel, and the branch before spoken of, alluding to a vine, and its branches; which, when become unprofitable, are cut down or cut
Read John Gill on Psalms 80 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryIt is burned with fire, it is cut down: they perish at the rebuke of thy countenance. They perish at the rebuke of thy countenance. "They" - i:e., the children of Israel.
Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 80 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleIt is burned with fire, to wit, thy vineyard or branch. They perish; thy people of Israel, signified by the vine. So now he passeth from the metaphor to the thing designed by it. At the rebuke of thy countenance; through the effects of thine anger, without which their enemies could do them no hurt.
Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 80 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsPsalms 80:16 [It is] burned with fire, [it is] cut down: they perish at the rebuke of thy countenance.Ver. 16. They perish] Scilicet palmites, et propagines, Psalms 80:10-11.
Read John Trapp on Psalms 80 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(16) It is burned.—This verse would certainly be far more intelligible, and also fit better into the rhythm, if it followed immediately after Psalms 80:13. The poet, while complaining that God fumed with anger while Israel prayed, would scarcely speak of themselves as perishing under His rebuke, which, in Psalms 76:6, is used of His attitude towards foes actually contending against Him. But if we read Psalms 80:13; Psalms 80:16 together, we avoid this:— “The boar out of the wood doth waste it And the wild beast of the field doth devour it: It is burned with fire, it is cut down; Let them (the beasts) perish at the rebuke of thy countenance.” (See also Note to next verse.)
Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 80 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges16. The gender of the word shews that it refers to the vine. Cut down, as fit for nothing but fuel. Cp. Isaiah 33:12; Ezekiel 15:4. they perish &c.] The figure is dropped. The Israelites perish, for God has not merely hidden His face, but turned it upon them in anger. It has been conjectured that there has been some displacement of the text, and various rearrangements have been proposed. Thus Cheyne would read the verses in this order: 11, 14, 15, 12, 13, 16. Let them perish will then refer to Israel’s enemies. Then too there may have been some confusion between 15 b and 17 b.
Read Cambridge on Psalms 80 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleIt is burned with fire - That is, the vineyard. This is a description of the desolations that had come upon the nation, such as would come upon a vineyard if it were consumed by fire.
Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 80 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible16. It is burned with fire… cut down—As the tender vines are devoured by fire, so the nation had been wasted by foreign war and internal broils.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Psalms 80 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Your vine has been cut down and burned; they perish at the rebuke of Your countenance.
It’s burned with fire. It’s cut down. They perish at your rebuke.
Your vine has been cut down and burned; they perish at the rebuke of Your countenance.
It is burned and cut down. They die because you are displeased with them.
Tyndale line
It is burned with fire, it is cut down: they perish at the rebuke of thy countenance.
It is burned with fire, it is cut down: They perish at the rebuke of thy countenance.
It is burned with fire, it is cut down: they perish at the rebuke of thy countenance.
It is burnt with fire, it is cut down: they perish at the rebuke of thy countenance.
It is burnt with fire and cut downe: and they perish at the rebuke of thy countenance.
Strictly literal
It is burned with fire, it is cut down; they perish at the rebuke of thy countenance.
Burnt with fire — cut down, From the rebuke of Thy face they perish.
Burned with fire—cut down, || They perish from the rebuke of Your face.
(80:17) It is burnt with fire, it is hewn down; because of the rebuke of thy countenance do they perish.
It has been burned and cut down; they perish because of your rebuke.
From the Latin
The enemies of the Lord have lied to him: and their time shall be for ever.
Simplified
We, your vine, have been chopped down and burned. May those who did this die when you glare at them.
It is burned with fire; it is cut down: they are made waste by the wrath of your face.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree closely in their wording for שְׂרֻפָ֣ה and יֹאבֵֽדוּ, confirming the destruction and the fate of the people as a central theme. Both texts convey the same lament over the vine's destruction and the consequences of divine rebuke.
שְׂרֻפָ֣ה בָאֵ֣שׁ כְּסוּחָ֑ה מִגַּעֲרַ֖ת פָּנֶ֣יךָ יֹאבֵֽדוּ׃
6 of the 6 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Psalms 80:16
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word שָׂרַף (*saraph*) is a primitive root meaning 'to burn.' It encompasses various forms, including Qal (to burn), Niphal (to be burned), Piel (burner), and Pual (to be burnt up). The entries suggest a focus on the act of burning and its implications, with no significant disagreements noted among the lexicons.
שָׂרַף 117 vb. burn
Qal burn
Niph. be burned
Pi. his burner, usu. one burning him, but prob. burning spices for him
Pu. it was burnt up (and gone).
base
H8313 שָׂרַף burn
8313 saraph saw-raf'
a primitive root; to be (causatively, set) on fire:--(cause
to, make a) burn((-ing), up) kindle, X utterly.
שָׂרַף (sa.raph) — to burn.
1) to burn
1a) (Qal) to burn
1b) (Niphal) to be burned
1c) (Piel) burner, burning (participle)
1d) (Pual) to be burnt up, be burned
Also means: sa.raph (סָרַף "to burn" H5635)
HVqsfsa — Verb · Qal · participle (passive) feminine singularHVqsfsa
אֵשׁ (esh) means 'fire' and encompasses various types, including natural fire, supernatural fire associated with divine appearances, and fire used for cooking or on altars. It can also figuratively represent God's anger. The entries consistently highlight its literal and metaphorical uses, with no significant disagreement among lexicons.
אֵשׁ 377 n.f. fire
fire, of conflagration
of supernatural fire
fire for cooking, roasting, parching
esp. of altar fire
fig. of Yahweh's anger
in various combinations
base
H784 אֵשׁ fire . fire, of conflagration
. of supernatural fire
. fire for cooking, roasting, parching
. esp. of altar fire
. fig. of Yahweh's anger
. in various combinations
784 'esh aysh
a primitive word; fire (literally or figuratively):--
burning, fiery, fire, flaming, hot.
אֵשׁ (esh) — fire.
1) fire
1a) fire, flames
1b) supernatural fire (accompanying theophany)
1c) fire (for cooking, roasting, parching)
1d) altar-fire
1e) God's anger (fig.)
Aramaic equivalent: esh (אֶשָּׁא "fire" H0785)
HRd/Ncbsa — Preposition · noun common both singular absoluteHRd/Ncbsa
fir ('esh; pur):
These are the common words for fire, occurring very frequently. 'Ur, "light" (Isa 24:15 the King James Version; compare the Revised Version (British and American); Isa 31:9, and see FIRES), nur (Aramaic) (Da 3:22 ff) are found a few times, also 'eshshah (Jer 6:29), and be`erah (Ex 22:6), once each. Ac 28:2,3 has pura, "pyre," and Mr 14:54; Lu 22:56, phos, "light," the Revised Version (British and American) "in the light (of the fire)." "To set…
Fire
(1.) For sacred purposes. The sacrifices were consumed by fire (Gen. 8:20). The ever-burning fire on the altar was first kindled from heaven (Lev. 6:9, 13; 9:24), and afterwards rekindled at the dedication of Solomon’s temple (2 Chr. 7:1, 3). The expressions “fire from heaven” and “fire of the Lord” generally denote lightning, but sometimes also the fire of the altar was so called (Ex. 29:18; Lev. 1:9; 2:3; 3:5, 9).
Fire for a sacred purpose obtained otherwise than from the altar was called “strange fire” (Lev. 10:1, 2;
is represented as the symbol of Jehovah’s presence and the instrument of his power, in the way either of approval or of destruction. (Exodus 3:2; 14:19) etc. There could not be a better symbol for Jehovah than this of fire, it being immaterial, mysterious, but visible, warming, cheering, comforting, but also terrible and consuming. Parallel with this application of fire and with its symbolical meaning are to be noted the similar use for sacrificial purposes and the respect paid to it, or to the heavenly bodies as symbols of deity, which prevailed among so many nations of antiquity, and of which the traces are not even now extinct; e.g. the Sabean and Magian systems of worship. (Isaiah 27:9) Fire for sacred purposes obtained elsewhere than from the altar was called "strange fire," and for the use of such Nadab and Abihu were punished…
In Scripture, is often connected with the presence of Jehovah; as in the burning bush, and on Mount Sinai, Ex 3:2 19:18 Ps 18:1-50 Hab 1:1-3:19. The second coming of Christ will be "in flaming fire," 2Th 1:8. In the New Testament it illustrates the enlightening, cheering, and purifying agency of the Holy Spirit, Mt 3:11 Ac 2:3. By sending fire from heaven to consume sacrifices, God often signified his acceptance of them: as in the case of Abel, Ge 4:4; Abraham, Ge…
כָּסַח (kacach) is a Hebrew verb meaning to cut off or away, particularly in reference to plants. It is described as a primitive root that conveys the action of cutting down or cutting away. The entries suggest its usage can extend metaphorically to concepts of judgment.
[כָּסַח] vb. cut off or away, a plant
base
H3683 [כָּסַח] cut off or away, a plant
3683 kacach kaw-sakh'
a primitive root; to cut off:--cut down (up).
כָּסַח (ka.sach) — to cut.
1) to cut down, cut away, cut off (of plants)
1a) (Qal) cut away (pass participle)
1a1) of judgment (fig.)
HVqsfsa — Verb · Qal · participle (passive) feminine singularHVqsfsa
גְּעָרָה (g'arah) means 'rebuke' or 'reproof.' It is derived from the root word גָּעַר (ga'ar), which also relates to chiding. The entries consistently define it within the context of reprimanding or correcting.
גְּעָרָה n.f. rebuke
base
H1606 גְּעָרָה rebuke
1606 g`arah gheh-aw-raw'
from 1605; a chiding:--rebuke(-ing), reproof.
see HEBREW for 01605
גְּעָרָה (ge.a.rah) — rebuke.
a rebuke, reproof
HR/Ncfsc — Preposition · noun common feminine singular constructHR/Ncfsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
The Hebrew word פָּנֶה (*pāneh*) is a noun meaning 'face' or 'presence,' and it appears in various contexts, including the faces of seraphim and animals, as well as the surface of the ground. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in front of.' The word is built from a root that suggests turning or facing, and it encompasses a wide range of applications, both literal and figurative.
[פָּנֶה], pl. פָּנִים 2123 n.m. face, also faces
face, faces
presence, person
technically, see one's face, i.e. appear before one, in one's presence
face of seraphim
face of animals
face (= surface) of ground
as adv.loc. before
for other phrases
with prepositions
base
H6440 פָּנֶה, pl. פָּנִים face, also faces . . face, faces
. . presence, person
. technically, see one's face, i.e. appear before one, in one's presence
. face of seraphim
. face of animals
. face (= surface) of ground
. as adv. loc. before
. for other phrases
. with prepositions
6440 paniym paw-neem'
plural (but always as singular) of an unused noun (paneh
{paw-neh'}; from 6437); the face (as the part that turns);
used in a great variety of applications (literally and
figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a
preposition (before, etc.):--+ accept, a-(be- )fore(-time),
against, anger, X as (long as), at, + battle, + because (of),
+ beseech, countenance, edge, + employ, endure, + enquire,
face, favour, fear of, for, forefront(-part), form(-er
time, -ward), from, front, heaviness, X him(-self), +
honourable, + impudent, + in, it, look(-eth) (- s), X me, +
meet, X more than, mouth, of, off, (of) old (time), X on,
open, + out of, over against, the partial, person, + please,
presence, propect, was purposed, by reason of, + regard, right
forth, + serve, X shewbread, sight, state, straight, + street,
X thee, X them(-selves), through (+ - out), till, time(-s)
פָּנֶה (pa.neh) — face: before.
: before/to/front
1) face
1a) face, faces
1b) presence, person
1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim)
1d) face (of animals)
1e) face, surface (of ground)
1f) as adv of loc/temp
1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before
1g) with prep
1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from before the face of
פָּנֶה (pa.neh) — face.
: face
1) face
1a) face, faces
1b) presence, person
1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim)
1d) face (of animals)
1e) face, surface (of ground)
1f) as adv of loc/temp
1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before
1g) with prep
1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from…
HNcmpc/Sp2ms — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHNcmpc/Sp2ms
אָבַד (abad) is a Hebrew verb meaning to perish or be lost. It encompasses a range of meanings, including dying, vanishing, and destruction, often in a moral or judgment context. The word appears in various forms in the Old Testament, with uses related to individuals, nations, and inanimate objects. The lexicons indicate that it can also imply causing something to perish or stray.
אָבַד vb. perish (M I אבד, As. abâtu Dl W 184 Aram אֲבַד, Syriac).—
Qal Pf. א׳ Nu 21:30 +; אָבְדוּ ψ 10:16 + (+ Ez 6:3 𝔊 Co) etc.; Impf. יֹאבַד Jb 3:3 Je 4:9; יֹאבֵ֑ד Jb 20:7 + 2t.; 3fs. תֹּאבַד Dt 22:3 + 4t.; תֹּאבֵ֑ד Jb 8:13 + 3t.; יֹאבְדוּ Ju 5:31 + 3t.; יֹאבֵ֑דוּ Jb 4:9 +; 3fpl. וַתֹּאבַדְנָה֙ I S 9:3; תֹּאבֵדוּן Dt 4:26 +; נֹאבֵ֑ד Jon 1:6…
Read the full entry →H6 אָבַד perish .. perish, die, of individuals
. fig. perish, vanish, subj. memory
. be lost, strayed
. . cause to perish, destroy, kill
. fig. cause to vanish, blot out, do away with
. cause to stray, lose
. . destroy, put to death, in judgment
. fig. obj. name of kings; hope; voice of mirth etc.
6 'abad aw-bad'
a primitive root; properly, to wander away, i.e. lose
oneself; by implication to perish (causative,
destroy):--break, destroy(- uction), + not escape, fail,
lose, (cause to, make) perish, spend, X and surely, take, be
undone, X utterly, be void of, have no way to flee.
אָבַד (a.vad) — to perish.
1) perish, vanish, go astray, be destroyed
1a) (Qal)
1a1) perish, die, be exterminated
1a2) perish, vanish (fig.)
1a3) be lost, strayed
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to destroy, kill, cause to perish, to give up (as lost), exterminate
1b2) to blot out, do away with, cause to vanish, (fig.)
1b3) cause to stray, lose
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to destroy, put to death
1c1a) of divine judgment
1c2) object name of kings (fig.)
Aramaic equivalent: a.vad (אֲבַד "to destroy" H0007)
HVqi3mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine pluralHVqi3mp