Luke 4

Hendriksen

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-8 1 3 2 -9 1 0 0 0 0 13 96 -9 2 0 0 2 0 1 RVStyle2 7 StyleNameNormal textFontNameArialUnicode Size Standard StyleNameDefaultFontNameTahomaUnicode Size Standard StyleNameJumpFontNameTahomaStylefsUnderlineColorclBlue HoverColorclMaroonHoverEffects rvheUnderlineUnicode Jump Size Standard StyleNameHeading - Module name SizeDoubleFontNameTahomaColorclMaroonUnicode SizeStandard StyleName"Heading small - Module descriptionFontNameTahomaColorclMaroonUnicode Size Standard StyleNameHeading - LinkFontNameTahomaColorclNavy HoverColorclPurpleUnicode Jump Size Standard StyleNameDefaultFontNameTahomaStylefsUnderlineColorclBlueUnicode Jump Size Standard StyleNameDefaultFontNameTahomaColorclBlue HoverColorclMaroonNextStyleNoUnicode Jump Size -9 2 0 0 2 0 2 RVStyle2 jBiDiModervbdLeftToRightTabs StyleNameCentered Alignment rvaCenterTabsStandardTabs-9 2 0 0 2 0 4 RVStyle2 -9 0 0 0 0 0 7 1 7 2 8 0 0 CHAPTER IV:1 13 ) Chapter 4:1 13) ) Theme: The Work Thou Gavest Him to Do) The Temptation of Jesus in the Wilderness) ) 4:1 13 The Temptation of Jesus in the Wilderness) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.1-40.4.11|AUTODETECT|” Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.1-40.4.11|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 4:1 11) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.12|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.12|AUTODETECT|” Mark 1:12) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.13|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.13|AUTODETECT|” 13) 1 16 2 8 0 0 4 1 Filled with the Holy Spirit, Jesus returned from the Jordan, 2 and for forty days was led about by the Spirit in the wilderness, where he was being tempted by the devil.��190�� He did not eat anything in those days, and when they were finished he was��191�� hungry. 3 So the devil said to him, Since you are God s Son, tell this stone to turn into bread. 4 Jesus answered, It is written,) It is not by bread alone that man shall live. ) 5 And he led him up (to a high place), and in an instant showed him all the kingdoms of the world. 6 The devil said to him, To you I will give all their domain and splendor, for it has been handed over to me, and I give it to anyone I please. 7 So, if you ll worship me,��192�� all will be yours. 8 Jesus said to him, It is written,) You shall worship the Lord your God,) And him only shall you serve. ) 9 And he led him to Jerusalem, and set him on the pinnacle of the temple, and said to him, Since you are God s Son, throw yourself down from here, 10 for it is written,) He will give his angels instructions concerning you, to guard you, ) 11 and) On their hands they will bear you up,) Lest you strike your foot against a stone. ) 12 Jesus answered, It has been said,) You shall not put the Lord your God to the test. ) 13 And when the devil had finished every temptation, he departed from him until an opportune time.) ) 1, 2a. Filled with the Holy Spirit, Jesus returned from the Jordan, and for forty days was led about by the Spirit in the wilderness, where he was being tempted by the devil.) The Link Between What Precedes and What Follows) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.2.18|AUTODETECT|” Thou art my Son, the Beloved, the Father had said in connection with Jesus baptism. So the devil is now going to tempt Jesus with respect to this very declaration. Not only once but, as Luke tells the story, twice Satan is going to introduce his temptations by saying, Since you are God s Son [do this & do that]. See verses 3 and 9. The Spirit had descended upon Jesus, qualifying him for his task as our Great Prophet, Sympathetic Highpriest, and Eternal King. In the present account, as Highpriest he suffers being tempted 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.2.18|AUTODETECT|” Heb. 2:18) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ); as Prophet he thrice appeals to Scripture (verses 4, 8, 12); and as King he gives battle to his chief opponent and triumphs over him.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.34.2|AUTODETECT|” Man s fall was brought about when the first Adam, as mankind s representative, yielded to the temptation of the devil. Thus sin began. So now, as Jesus public ministry was about to begin, it was proper that he, as the last Adam, the representative of all who trust in him, should resist the devil s temptation and render perfect obedience to God. Thus grace would receive an open door. Besides, is it not reasonable to believe that the Lord used these forty days to prepare himself, by prayer and meditation, for the work which the Father had given him to do, and which he, Jesus himself, had voluntarily taken upon himself? Was it not for this reason that the Spirit-filled Savior returned from the Jordan, in which he was baptized, and by the Spirit was led about in the wilderness? Think of Moses on Mount Horeb 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.34.2|AUTODETECT|” Exod. 34:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.34.28|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.34.28|AUTODETECT|” 28) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.9.9|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.9.9|AUTODETECT|” Deut. 9:9) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.9.18|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.9.18|AUTODETECT|” 18) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=11.19.8|AUTODETECT|” ), of Elijah on his way to that same mountain 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=11.19.8|AUTODETECT|” I Kings 19:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.1.17|AUTODETECT|” ), and of Paul s retreat in Arabia 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.1.17|AUTODETECT|” Gal. 1:17) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ; see N.T.C. on Galatians, p. 56).) 1 1 2 8 0 0 The Possibility of the Temptation) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.12.50|AUTODETECT|” How was it possible for a sinless Jesus to be tempted? In our attempt to answer this question we should point out first of all that it was his human nature that was tempted. Jesus was not only God; he was also man. Moreover, his soul was not hard as a flint or cold as an icicle. It was a thoroughly human, deeply sensitive soul, affected and afflicted by suffering of every description. It was Christ who said, I have a baptism to be baptized with, and how I agonize until it be accomplished 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.12.50|AUTODETECT|” Luke 12:50) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.19.13|AUTODETECT|” ). Jesus was able to express affection 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.19.13|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 19:13) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.19.14|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.19.14|AUTODETECT|” 14) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.35|AUTODETECT|” ), sympathy 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.35|AUTODETECT|” John 11:35) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.12.32|AUTODETECT|” ), compassion 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.12.32|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 12:32) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.15.0|AUTODETECT|” ), anger (17:17), gratitude (11:25), and a yearning for the salvation of sinners 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.15.0|AUTODETECT|” Luke 15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.19.10|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.19.10|AUTODETECT|” 19:10) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.7.37|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.7.37|AUTODETECT|” John 7:37) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.17.1-43.17.5|AUTODETECT|” ) to the glory of the Father 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.17.1-43.17.5|AUTODETECT|” John 17:1 5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.6|AUTODETECT|” ). Being not only God but also man, he knew what it is to be weary 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.6|AUTODETECT|” John 4:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ) and thirsty (4:7; 19:28). Therefore, it should not really surprise us that, after a fast of forty days, he was very hungry, and that the proposal to turn stones into bread was a real temptation to him; and this all the more so because he knew that he was clothed with power to perform miracles! It remains true, nevertheless, that the possibility and reality of Christ s temptation surpasses our understanding. But is this not true with respect to every doctrine? And what do we really know even about ourselves, about our soul, and about the question how soul and body interact? Very, very little indeed! How then would it be possible for us to penetrate to the depths of Christ s soul and analyze it so thoroughly that we could furnish a completely satisfactory psychological explanation of his temptations?) 1 3 2 8 0 0 Is Luke s Account of the Temptation in Conflict with Matthew s?) A good approach to this question might well be, Is the New Testament infallible? One might also ask, Is the Bible infallible? However, the answer to that question, though substantially the same as the answer to the first one, would require far more space. Besides, in the present connection it is unnecessary.) But what about the New Testament, is it infallible? Here one must be careful to define just what is meant and what is not meant by infallibility. There are those who keep clinging to an infallibility concept that is unreasonable. They insist that the King James or any other version from start to finish, including the rendering of every verse, and also including the particular Greek text on which that rendering is based, is without error.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=55.3.16|AUTODETECT|” We love these devout believers, and are sorry that we must disappoint them by stating that we cannot agree with them. Without realizing it, they are raising what is human to the level of the divine. Unbeknown to themselves, they are engaged in an activity which, though well-intentioned, is not exactly pious. Translations are human, therefore fallible. Inasfar as they truly reflect what God has said they are infallible, for God cannot commit error. And see ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=55.3.16|AUTODETECT|” II Tim. 3:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=55.3.17|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=55.3.17|AUTODETECT|” 17) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=61.1.21|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=61.1.21|AUTODETECT|” II Peter 1:21) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . But to the extent in which any translation fails to reflect what God has said, it is imperfect.) 1 1 2 8 0 0 Besides, there is the matter of the underlying Greek text. By and large that text is uniform, in the sense that we need not fear that advances in textual criticism (essentially the study of the manuscripts on which the translations are based) will ever be able to overthrow any article of The Apostles Creed. On the other hand, the very variety of the readings, one reading sometimes clashing with another, shows that they cannot all be correct at every point. They sometimes contradict each other. And this is where the need of calm reflection and comparison arises.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.1|AUTODETECT|” Now as to ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.1|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.2|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.2|AUTODETECT|” 2) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 a, there are those who maintain that the only correct rendering of the last part of this passage is in the desert where for forty days he was tempted by the devil, or, in similar vein, in the desert for forty days, tempted all the while by the devil. ) 1 2 2 8 0 0 It must be granted that this or a similar rendering is indeed possible. The underlying Greek text will allow it. But it will also allow a different rendering. Goodspeed recognized this when he offered the following: & led about in the desert for forty days by the Spirit, and was tempted by the devil ; similarly Phillips: & led by the Spirit to spend forty days in the desert, where he was tempted by the devil. See also A.R.V. And note my rendering.

Following the words, Jesus returned from the Jordan, I suggest, and for forty days was led about by the Spirit in the wilderness, where he was being tempted by the devil. ) The difference is this: according to the first view Jesus was tempted by the devil throughout the forty days; according to the second, not necessarily: the constant temptation may have occurred at the close of the forty day fast. Which view deserves the preference?) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.*?id=40.4.2|AUTODETECT|”
Answer: probably the second. How do we know? Because the one and only detailed temptation account that is definitely arranged in chronological fashion, namely, Matthew s, clearly teaches that the temptation by Satan began at the close of Christ s forty day fast. See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=40.4.2|AUTODETECT|”
Matt. 4:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=40.4.3|AUTODETECT|”
, ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=40.4.3|AUTODETECT|”
3) 1 1 -1 9 0 0: After going without food for forty days and forty nights he was famished. The tempter came and said to him, Since you are God s Son, tell these stones to turn into bread, etc.) 1 2 2 8 0 0 It is clear that with respect to this point Luke s account and Matthew s do not clash but are in beautiful harmony.) More important, undoubtedly, is the item that has been pinpointed for bombing attacks by those who reject the position that Luke s Gospel is divinely inspired in the same degree as are the others. That item is this: according to Matthew s Gospel the sequence in which the three temptations occurred is (a) change stones into bread, (b) throw yourself down (from the pinnacle of the temple), (c) worship me; but by Luke (b) and (c) are reversed. At synodical gatherings i.e., gatherings of denominational Assemblies an appeal has been made to this difference, in an attempt to show that Scripture is not infallible.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.1-40.4.11|AUTODETECT|” The appeal is groundless. Here, too, we should again proceed from the basic position that it is Matthew s account alone that is chronologically arranged; note the adverbs: then & afterward & then & again & then & then 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.1-40.4.11|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 4:1 11) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.5|AUTODETECT|” ). Matthew relates what occurred first, what followed, what came next, and how it all ended. Luke has nothing of the kind. See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.5|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.9|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.9|AUTODETECT|”

1 1 -1 9 0 0 . His account is not arranged chronologically. He mentions the three temptations but does not indicate by even a single word that they occurred in that particular time sequence. Any mention of a possible clash or conflict between Matthew and Luke is therefore unreasonable.) 1 6 2 8 0 0 Why did Luke present these three temptations in a different order than Matthew? A categorical answer is impossible. We simply do not know the reason. Nevertheless, the following approach may be worthy of consideration.) Luke is an artist. His arrangement is truly beautiful. He records the fact that in the first and in the third temptation according to the order in which the beloved physician has arranged them the devil starts out by saying, Since you are God s Son.

In the second or middle one the devil appeals to the eye rather than to the ear and, having shown the Redeemer all the kingdoms of the world in their splendor, blurts out, To you I will give them if, etc.) Also and this is very significant Luke has so arranged his material that his nativity account is climaxed by a scene that takes place in the temple (2:41 52). His entire book also closes with a temple scene (24:53). So why should he not also end with a temple scene the first of the three large sections into which his Gospel can be divided? Luke, let it be borne in mind, more than any other Gospel writer, describes Jesus as Our Sympathetic Highpriest. See Introduction, point V D. Priest and temple go together.

Luke s arrangement at this point (4:9 13) is, accordingly, in line with the spirit of his entire book. It harmonizes with his purpose.) The Temptation Step by Step) First Temptation) 2b. He did not eat anything in those days, and when they were finished he was hungry. Luke shows that Christ s fast was complete, not partial. It is certainly not surprising that at the end of forty days of fasting Jesus was (or: became) hungry. The devil naturally selects this moment as his golden opportunity.

The story continues: 3. So the devil said to him, Since you are God s Son, tell this stone to turn into bread.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.3|AUTODETECT|” It must have been in the spirit of derision that the tempter uttered these words. He probably meant, Since that is what the Father told you at your baptism [3:22], and what you believe, make use of your majestic dignity, and no longer be tortured by hunger. Son of God & hungry. How ridiculous! If, then, you are God s Son, tell this stone to turn into bread. The wilderness was full of stones. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.3|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 4:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 has the plural of the words stone and bread. Luke uses the singular. Satan probably pointed to a single stone, Tell this stone. ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.15.45|AUTODETECT|” It was, of course, a wicked attempt (a) to cause the last Adam 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.15.45|AUTODETECT|” I Cor. 15:45) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ) to fail even as the first Adam had failed, in both cases in connection with food consumption. Was not one of the reasons why the Holy Spirit caused Jesus to be tested exactly this, that, as the Representative and Savior of all his people, he must in their stead triumph over temptation instead of succumbing to it as the first Adam had done? Moreover, on the part of the tempter this was a sinister endeavor (b) to destroy the Son s confidence in his Father s will and power to sustain him. What the tempter was asking Jesus to do was to distrust his Father, and to take matters entirely into his own hands.) 1 1 2 8 0 0 Though, as has been pointed out, there are depths that we cannot fathom, it cannot be denied that this temptation was a very real one for Jesus. He knew that he was clothed with power to perform miracles. Also, there was an opportunity to use that power in his own behalf. He must have been very hungry by this time. The reality of the temptation and the severity of the trial may perhaps become even more clearly evident when the last Adam s situation is compared with that of the first one. Both were tempted by Satan. But the difference in the gravity of the test appears from the following threefold contrast:) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.3.1-1.3.7|AUTODETECT|” a. Nowhere in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.3.1-1.3.7|AUTODETECT|” Gen. 3:1 7) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 do we read that the Old Testament Adam had gone without food for any length of time. Jesus, on the contrary, had been fasting for forty days. He was famished.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.2.16|AUTODETECT|” b. Even had the father of the human race been hungry, he could have easily satisfied that hunger, for he had been told, Of every tree of the garden you may freely eat 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.2.16|AUTODETECT|” Gen. 2:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ). No such provision had been made for Christ.) 1 3 2 8 0 0 c. Eve s husband, when tempted, had, as it were, everything in his favor, for he was living in paradise. Jesus, at the time of his temptation, was staying in this horrible wilderness!) Nevertheless, he withstood the temptation: 4. Jesus answered, It is written,) It is not by bread alone that man shall live.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.25-42.24.27|AUTODETECT|” Note the expression, It is written, not only here in verse 4 but also in verses 8 and 10, every time with a reference to the same book, Deuteronomy, which, as is clear, Jesus regarded not as a pious fraud but as the very Word of God. Other passages that give expression to Christ s exalted view of Scripture are ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.25-42.24.27|AUTODETECT|” Luke 24:25 27) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.44-42.24.47|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.44-42.24.47|AUTODETECT|” 44 47) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.5.39|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.5.39|AUTODETECT|” John 5:39) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ; and 10:35. For him the Old Testament Scriptures, as interpreted by himself, were evidently the ultimate touchstone of the truth for life and doctrine, the final court of appeal for the reason.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.8.3|AUTODETECT|” The first quotation is from ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.8.3|AUTODETECT|” Deut. 8:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . It pictures Moses reminding Israel of God s tender care for his people during the forty years of the wilderness journey. Particularly, it shows how the Lord had fed them with manna, heretofore completely unknown to them and their fathers, that he might teach them that not by bread alone does man live but by everything proceeding out of the mouth of Jehovah does man live. ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.8.3|AUTODETECT|” What Jesus means, therefore, may be paraphrased as follows: Tempter, you are proceeding upon the false assumption that for a man, in order to appease hunger and keep alive, bread is absolutely necessary. Over against this erroneous idea I now declare that not bread but the creative, energizing, and sustaining power of my Father is the only indispensable source of my, and of man s, life and well-being. Luke, however, omits the last part of ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.8.3|AUTODETECT|” Deut. 8:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.4|AUTODETECT|” , But by every word that comes, etc. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.4|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 4:4) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 has these words. Luke frequently omits material, probably in order to have enough room in his Gospel for other topics.) 1 3 2 8 0 0 On the part of Jesus this reply to Satan s advice was an expression of filial confidence in the Father s care. Certainly the One who, when there was no bread, had provided manna, and who quite recently had said, Thou art my Son, the Beloved, would not fail his Beloved in this hour of trial!) Second Temptation (Matthew s Third)) 5. And he led him up (to a high place), and in an instant showed him all the kingdoms of the world.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.3.1|AUTODETECT|” Just how we must conceive of this is not explained. Did the devil assume a physical body 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.3.1|AUTODETECT|” Gen. 3:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.8.44|AUTODETECT|” ; cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.8.44|AUTODETECT|” John 8:44) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ), and did the two Jesus and the devil walk side by side through the wilderness and reach a mountain from which Satan could show Jesus all the kingdoms of the world ? In the vicinity of the Judean wilderness or of Jerusalem, which mountain would that be? Did they glide smoothly through the sky, the devil functioning as a kind of engine? Did they sail along together all the way to Mount Everest? But even then, would not some kind of miracle have been required to enable the devil from there to show Jesus all the kingdoms of the world, and this not just in dim outline, but very distinctly, do that all their domain and splendor [or glory] would be plainly visible; and again, not little by little during a lengthy period of time, but, as Luke here adds, in a moment ?) 1 2 2 8 0 0 This is not at all a question of believing Scripture or not believing it. It is simply a question of how best to interpret what we fully accept. The writer of this commentary has not been able anywhere to find a solution that satisfies him better than that of Calvin. In his Commentary Calvin remarks:) It is asked, was he [Jesus] actually carried to this elevated spot, or was it done in a vision? & What is added, that all the kingdoms of the world were exposed to Christ s view & in one moment & agrees better with the idea of a vision than with any other theory. In a matter that is doubtful, and where ignorance brings no risk, I choose rather to suspend my judgment than to furnish contentious people with an excuse for a debate. ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=26.40.2|AUTODETECT|” Calvin is being very careful. It is clear that he favors the vision idea. On the other hand, he does not wish to press it, leaving room for any other reasonable interpretation anyone might be able to offer. I only wish to add that Scripture contains two comparable passages in which we are told that someone is set on or carried to a high mountain. These two are ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=26.40.2|AUTODETECT|” Ezek. 40:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.21.10|AUTODETECT|” and ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.21.10|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 21:10) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.1.10|AUTODETECT|” . Ezekiel plainly states that this happened in the visions of God. To the seer of Patmos visions were shown while he was in the Spirit 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.1.10|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 1:10) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ). It was in the Spirit that he was carried away to a mountain great and high. Calvin s view, accordingly, is worthy of very serious consideration. The objection that if the temptations occurred to Jesus during visions they were not real is groundless. Was not Ezekiel s experience real, even though it occurred in a vision? Is John s description of Jerusalem the Golden bereft of value because it too came to him in a vision? Besides, if even a dream call be so vivid that there are said to be cases on record of people dying as a result, shall we then say that the reality of Christ s temptation experiences is diminished in any way because it was in visions that the tempter came to him and addressed him?) 1 1 2 8 0 0 This view must not be confused with that according to which the temptations were of a merely subjective nature. No, even if it was in a vision that the devil came to Jesus, the great adversary was very real, and it was he, not the Lord, who said, Tell this stone to turn into bread, worship me, throw yourself down. If it was in a vision that the Lord was urged to do these things, we may be sure that what occurred in the vision was as real to his mind as if there had been no vision at all, and everything had taken place with strict literality.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=14.9.9-14.9.28|AUTODETECT|” From the top of the very high place (whether or not it was in a vision makes no difference) the devil shows Jesus all the kingdoms of the world. All these are vividly displayed to Jesus in just one very significant moment! To gain some conception of what must have been included in the panorama that was spread out before the Lord, would it not be wise to read carefully the following three paragraphs: ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=14.9.9-14.9.28|AUTODETECT|” II Chron. 9:9 28) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=21.2.1-21.2.11|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=21.2.1-21.2.11|AUTODETECT|” Eccles. 2:1 11) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.18.12|AUTODETECT|” ; and ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.18.12|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 18:12) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.18.13|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.18.13|AUTODETECT|” 13) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ? All this wealth is by Satan offered to Christ, all for the price of just one genuflection! If Jesus will but worship the devil, he can have it all. He can have it in his possession and under his authority.) 1 1 2 8 0 0 6, 7. The devil said to him, To you I will give all their domain and splendor, for it has been handed over to me, and I give it to anyone I please. So, if you ll worship me [or: if you ll kneel before me], all will be yours.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.2.2|AUTODETECT|” The question has been asked whether Satan was really the possessor of all these things, and whether he was actually in control of all of them to such an extent that he could offer them to anyone he wished. Often this question is answered in the affirmative, with an appeal to ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.2.2|AUTODETECT|” Eph. 2:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=62.5.19|AUTODETECT|” , where Satan is called the prince of the domain of the air ; to 6:12, which speaks about the spiritual forces of evil in the heavenly places ; to ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=62.5.19|AUTODETECT|” I John 5:19) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 , which states that the whole world lies in (the power of) the evil one ; and even to the present passage, in which the great adversary pictures himself as the rightful owner of, and ruler over, all. Further substantiation is found in the fact that Jesus in his answer (verse 8) did not in so many words dispute Satan s claim.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.3.15|AUTODETECT|” Do these passages really prove what those who appeal to them are trying to prove? I do not believe they do. The first three merely prove that Satan exercises a very powerful influence for evil over the lives of all those wicked people and spirits that acknowledge him as their master. But such references certainly do not prove that the devil is the ultimate owner and ruler of the nations, with the right and the might to dispose of them and of their wealth as he pleases, so that Christ himself, at least during the present dispensation, would have to take a back seat to him. The contrary is the truth, as is proved abundantly by such passages as ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.3.15|AUTODETECT|” Gen. 3:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.2.0|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.2.0|AUTODETECT|” Ps. 2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.11.27|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.11.27|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 11:27) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.18|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.28.18|AUTODETECT|” 28:18) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.16.20|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.16.20|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 16:20) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.1.20-49.1.23|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.1.20-49.1.23|AUTODETECT|” Eph. 1:20 23) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=51.2.15|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=51.2.15|AUTODETECT|” Col. 2:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.12.0|AUTODETECT|” ; and ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.12.0|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 12) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.20.3|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.20.3|AUTODETECT|” 20:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.20.4|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.20.4|AUTODETECT|” 4) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.20.10|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.20.10|AUTODETECT|” 10) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.11|AUTODETECT|” . If it be argued that some of these passages refer to the power given to Christ in his exaltation, the answer is that even during Christ s humiliation Satan was able to do no more than Christ suffered him to do, as both ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.11|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 4:11) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.12.29|AUTODETECT|” and also the Gospels in general testify 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.12.29|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 12:29) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.18|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.18|AUTODETECT|” Luke 10:18) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.12.31|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.12.31|AUTODETECT|” John 12:31) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.6|AUTODETECT|” ). And as to Satan s boast here in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.6|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.8.44|AUTODETECT|” , it is too absurd to merit an answer. But if an answer of a sort be demanded, let it be ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.8.44|AUTODETECT|” John 8:44) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.26.39|AUTODETECT|” On the surface it may therefore seem as if this temptation was for Christ no temptation at all. Jesus knew that the devil was lying; that is, that the prince of evil had no enchanting kingdoms to give away. No doubt the Lord also knew that even if Satan had possessed them, he would not have fulfilled his promise. In what sense then can we say this attempt of Satan was also a real temptation for Christ? As I see it, only in this way that, although the particular form in which the proposal was made contained nothing that would recommend it to the mind and heart of the Savior, nevertheless the implied suggestion to try to obtain the crown without enduring the cross was able to foment a bitter struggle within him. To be sure, it was not a struggle that involved him in sin or could bring him to the point of committing sin, but it was a state of agony, nevertheless. How else can we explain the words uttered in Gethsemane, My Father, if it be possible, let this cup pass from me; nevertheless, not as I will, but as thou wilt 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.26.39|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 26:39) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.12.50|AUTODETECT|” )? Or, how can we explain ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.12.50|AUTODETECT|” Luke 12:50) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ? It is clear, therefore, that for Christ this temptation too was very real.) 1 3 2 8 0 0 Satan received the answer he deserved: 8. Jesus said to him, It is written,) You shall worship the Lord your God,) And him only shall you serve.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.6.13|AUTODETECT|” The answer reflects ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.6.13|AUTODETECT|” Deut. 6:13) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.5.30|AUTODETECT|” .��193�� It also reveals the sharp contrast between Christ, who is ever doing what his Father wants him to do 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.5.30|AUTODETECT|” John 5:30) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.6.38|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.6.38|AUTODETECT|” 6:38) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.2.17|AUTODETECT|” ), and Satan, whose purpose is the exact opposite 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.2.17|AUTODETECT|” Gen. 2:17) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.3.4|AUTODETECT|” , cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.3.4|AUTODETECT|” 3:4) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=38.3.1|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=38.3.1|AUTODETECT|” Zech. 3:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=38.3.2|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=38.3.2|AUTODETECT|” 2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.8.44|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.8.44|AUTODETECT|” John 8:44) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=52.2.18|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=52.2.18|AUTODETECT|” I Thess. 2:18) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.5.8|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.5.8|AUTODETECT|” I Peter 5:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=62.3.8|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=62.3.8|AUTODETECT|” I John 3:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.12.0|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.12.0|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 12) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.20.8|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.20.8|AUTODETECT|” 20:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.20.9|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.20.9|AUTODETECT|” 9) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 8 2 8 0 0 Third Temptation (Matthew s Second)) 9 11. And he led him to Jerusalem, and set him on the pinnacle of the temple, and said to him, Since you are God s Son, throw yourself down from here, for it is written,) He will give his angels instructions concerning you, to guard you, and) On their hands they will bear you up,) Lest you strike your foot against a stone.) As has already been explained, worthy of serious consideration is the theory according to which it was in a vision that Luke s third as well as his second temptation perhaps even all three temptations occurred.) The present temptation, then, takes place in Jerusalem, to which the devil has led Jesus. Satan has set the Savior on the very pinnacle (literally wing) of the outer wall of the entire temple complex. The exact spot is not given. It may have been the roof-edge of Herod s royal portico, overhanging the Kedron Valley, and looking down some four hundred fifty feet, a dizzy height, as Josephus points out (Antiq. XV.412).

This spot was located southeast of the temple court, perhaps at or near the place from which, according to tradition, James, the Lord s brother, was hurled down. See the very interesting account in Eusebius, EcclHist;, II.xxiii.) Since you are the Son of God, says the tempter (exactly as in verse 3), throw yourself down. His reasoning was probably along this line, You will thus be able to prove your confidence in the Father s protection. Besides, if Scripture, which you so readily quote, is true, no harm can befall you, for it is written, He will give his angels instructions concerning you. They will not merely arrest your fall. No, they will do more.

Very tenderly they will bear you up on their hands, lest you, wearing only sandals, should hurt yourself by striking your foot against one of those sharp-edged stones present in abundance in the abyss below. ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.91.11|AUTODETECT|” The passage quoted is from ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.91.11|AUTODETECT|” Ps. 91:11) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.91.12|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.91.12|AUTODETECT|” 12) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.10|AUTODETECT|” . As rendered here in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.10|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:10) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.11|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.11|AUTODETECT|” 11) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.90.11|AUTODETECT|” , it follows the Septuagint 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.90.11|AUTODETECT|” Ps. 90:11) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.90.12|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.90.12|AUTODETECT|” 12) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.91.11|AUTODETECT|” ). As it is quoted by the devil, there is, however, an omission which some regard as being important, others not. According to the Hebrew, ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.91.11|AUTODETECT|” Ps. 91:11) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.10|AUTODETECT|” ends with the words to guard you in all your ways. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.10|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:10) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=20.2.8|AUTODETECT|” merely has to guard you. Hence the words in all your ways are left out. When these words are included, God promises to protect the righteous man in all his righteous ways; for these are the ways of the man who dwells in the secret place of the Most High, abides under the shadow of the Almighty and has found his refuge in Jehovah, upon whom he has set his love. They are, accordingly, the ways of the saint 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=20.2.8|AUTODETECT|” Prov. 2:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=20.2.20|AUTODETECT|” ), the good man 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=20.2.20|AUTODETECT|” Prov. 2:20) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ). It is to such a one that the words apply, He will give his angels instructions concerning you, to guard you in all your ways. When these words in all your ways are omitted, does it not become easier to interpret the passage as if it were a promise of Jehovah to protect the righteous no matter what he does? So read, the passage would seem to correspond more closely with what the devil wants Jesus to do.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.13.10|AUTODETECT|” Nevertheless, this point is probably of minor importance, since what Satan omits amounts to far more than a few words in a quotation. He omits any reference to the scriptural truth that God does not condone but condemns and punishes rashness, a trifling with providence, an impetuous rushing into totally unwarranted danger 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.13.10|AUTODETECT|” Gen. 13:10) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.13.11|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.13.11|AUTODETECT|” 11) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=17.5.14|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=17.5.14|AUTODETECT|” Esther 5:14) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=17.7.9|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=17.7.9|AUTODETECT|” 7:9) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=17.7.10|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=17.7.10|AUTODETECT|” 10) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.19.13|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.19.13|AUTODETECT|” Ps. 19:13) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=27.4.28-27.4.33|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=27.4.28-27.4.33|AUTODETECT|” Dan. 4:28 33) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=27.5.22|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=27.5.22|AUTODETECT|” 5:22) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=27.5.23|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=27.5.23|AUTODETECT|” 23) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.1.30|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.1.30|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 1:30) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=61.2.10|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=61.2.10|AUTODETECT|” II Peter 2:10) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 2 2 8 0 0 Obedience to Satan s proposal was tempting, for Jesus knew that he possessed extraordinary powers. Besides, what man is there who, when asked to prove a point he has made, does not feel as if he should immediately comply, instead of first asking himself, What right has my prompter to ask me to prove it? Jesus, however, does not fall into this trap. He realizes that for him to do what Satan is urging upon him would amount to substituting presumption for faith, effrontery for submission to God s guidance. It would have meant nothing less than to risk self-destruction. The false trust in the Father which the devil demanded of Jesus in this temptation was not any better than the distrust he had proposed in the first.

It would have amounted to experimenting on the Father.) A rabbinical tradition reads, When the king, Messiah, reveals himself, then he comes and stands on the roof of the holy place. ��194�� On the basis of this tradition some commentators are of the opinion that the tempter was trying to suggest that Jesus, by casting himself from the temple s pinnacle, would establish himself as being indeed the Messiah, for, after a miraculous and safe landing, the crowd, having watched the descent with bated breath, would exclaim, Look, he is unhurt. He must be the Messiah! For Jesus, thus the argument continues, this would then be an easy way to success. The cross would be avoided, the crown obtained without struggle or agony.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.16.31|AUTODETECT|” It is an interesting theory. Nevertheless, there is nothing that would lend any further support to it. No spectators are even mentioned in the Gospel accounts. Moreover, Jesus, in his reply, does not refer to anything of the kind. I believe, therefore, that the entire idea should he dismissed. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.16.31|AUTODETECT|” Luke 16:31) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 also argues against it.) 1 2 2 8 0 0 The reason why Jesus peremptorily rejects the devil s proposal has already been given. It is clearly stated in verse 12. Jesus answered, It has been said,) You shall not put the Lord your God to the test.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.6.16|AUTODETECT|” This is a quotation from ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.6.16|AUTODETECT|” Deut. 6:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.17.1-2.17.7|AUTODETECT|” , which reflects the situation of the Israelites described in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.17.1-2.17.7|AUTODETECT|” Exod. 17:1 7) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.91.0|AUTODETECT|” , how at a place called Massah and Meribah they made trial of Jehovah and rebelled against Moses because of lack of water. They accused Moses of having cruelly brought them, their children, and their cattle, out of Egypt and into the desert, to destroy them all. They were almost ready to stone him and, instead of in a childlike manner making all their wants and wishes known at the Father s throne, they insolently and provocatively challenged God, saying, is Jehovah among us or not? Jesus knows that similar ill behavior on his part, by unnecessarily exposing himself to danger just to see what his Father s reaction might be, whether the latter would be with him or not, would amount to grievous transgression. He knows that the devil s proposal has nothing whatever to do with humbly trusting in the protecting care promised in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.91.0|AUTODETECT|” Ps. 91) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.6.16|AUTODETECT|” . He therefore very appropriately answers the tempter by quoting ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.6.16|AUTODETECT|” Deut. 6:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.119.37|AUTODETECT|” Daily life all around us affords abundant illustrations of false confidence, similar to that which the devil urged Jesus to exercise. A person will earnestly beseech the Lord to bestow upon him the blessing of health; however, he neglects to observe the rules of health. Or, he will ask God to save his soul; however, he neglects to use the means of grace, such as the study of Scripture, church attendance, the sacraments, living a life for the benefit of others to the glory of God. Again, someone will plead with the Lord for the spiritual as well as physical welfare of his children, but he himself neglects to bring them up in the way of the Lord. A church member, admonished because at a circus he had eagerly rushed into a corrupt side show, defended himself by saying, I cannot deny that I went there, but while I was there I was constantly praying, Turn away mine eyes from beholding vanity 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.119.37|AUTODETECT|” Ps. 119:37) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 A.V.). You shall not put the Lord your God to the test is the answer to all of this.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.13|AUTODETECT|” 13. And when the devil had finished every temptation, he departed from him until an opportune time. It was pointed out earlier (p. 39) that the position of Conzelmann, according to which the age or period of Jesus, extending from ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.13|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:13) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 through 22:3, is protected from every activity of Satan, is contrary to the facts as reported in that Gospel. See 8:12, 13, 27 f.; 10:18; 11:4, 14 f. (especially 11:18); 13:16. What the present passage means, therefore, is not that Satan desisted for a long time from carrying out his sinister activities, but simply that for the nonce the prince of evil departed. He must have realized that he had been thoroughly defeated. This made him all the more angry. More than ever, therefore, he was determined to attack Jesus and his cause, and to do this at the very earliest opportunity.��195��) 1 1 2 8 0 0 ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.1-42.4.13|AUTODETECT|” Practical Lessons Derived from ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.1-42.4.13|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:1 13) 1 1 2 8 0 0 Verses 1, 2a) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.4.14|AUTODETECT|” He was being tempted by the devil. Our Highpriest, having defeated the tempter, can help us in our temptations 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.4.14|AUTODETECT|” Heb. 4:14) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 f.).) 1 1 2 8 0 0 Verse 2b) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.3.0|AUTODETECT|” He was hungry. It was in the sphere of the appetite that man was first tempted. He lost 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.3.0|AUTODETECT|” Gen. 3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.15.45|AUTODETECT|” ). The last Adam 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.15.45|AUTODETECT|” I Cor. 15:45) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ), as his people s representative, rendered the obedience which the first Adam, as mankind s representative, had failed to render.) 1 3 2 8 0 0 Verses 4, 8, 12) It is written (bis), it has been said. Resist Satan by appealing to Scripture, as Jesus did.) Verse 13) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.3.15|AUTODETECT|” The devil & departed from him. In his battle against Jesus and his church Satan loses 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.3.15|AUTODETECT|” Gen. 3:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=18.1.6-18.1.12|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=18.1.6-18.1.12|AUTODETECT|” Job 1:6 12) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=18.1.20-18.1.22|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=18.1.20-18.1.22|AUTODETECT|” 20 22) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=18.2.1-18.2.10|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=18.2.1-18.2.10|AUTODETECT|” 2:1 10) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=18.19.23-18.19.27|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=18.19.23-18.19.27|AUTODETECT|” 19:23 27) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=18.42.10-18.42.17|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=18.42.10-18.42.17|AUTODETECT|” 42:10 17) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.28|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.28|AUTODETECT|” John 10:28) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.16.33|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.16.33|AUTODETECT|” 16:33) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.8.31-45.8.39|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.8.31-45.8.39|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 8:31 39) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.16.20|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.16.20|AUTODETECT|” 16:20) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.15.55-46.15.57|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.15.55-46.15.57|AUTODETECT|” I Cor. 15:55 57) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.12.7|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.12.7|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 12:7) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.20.1-66.20.3|AUTODETECT|” f.; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.20.1-66.20.3|AUTODETECT|” 20:1 3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.20.10|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.20.10|AUTODETECT|” 10) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ). What a comfort!) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.12.50|AUTODETECT|” The paragraph considered as a whole. There are those who believe that in these three temptations the devil holds out to Jesus three goals: those of becoming, respectively, a famous Food Supplier, an illustrious World Conqueror, and a Startling Magician. Textual support for this idea is lacking. Far more reasonable is the thought that throughout Satan was tempting Jesus by trying to show him how he could reach the crown without suffering the cross. See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.12.50|AUTODETECT|” Luke 12:50) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.22.42|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.22.42|AUTODETECT|” 22:42) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.5.7|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.5.7|AUTODETECT|” Heb. 5:7) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.5.8|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.5.8|AUTODETECT|” 8) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 16 2 8 0 0 Jesus triumphed. Not for a moment did he leave the path of trust and obedience. He persevered in carrying out the task which the Father had given him to do. For us, too, the practical lesson is Trust and obey. ) ) Notes on Greek Words, Phrases, and Constructions in 4:1 13) Verses 1, 2a) In his Translation, p. 157, Robertson calls the position of !�� ambiguous. In Word Pictures, Vol. II, p. 48, he states that the expression during the forty days must be connected with led, not with tempted.

I agree, for reasons stated in the comments.) Verse 2b) �� (�P��), used as third per. s., 2nd aor. active of ��, to eat.) ��, gen. absolute; fem. pl. because �P�� represents !��.) The verb �� has various meanings in the New Testament; such as, to finish, establish, round out, execute, accomplish, come to an end. The aor. active participle of this verb occurs in verse 13.) Verse 3) ��, according to Robertson, Translation, p. 30, loaf of bread. But the English word loaf has a meaning that is foreign to the context here. The emphasis in the present connection is rather on the generic idea; that is, on the substance bread, to satisfy hunger. Even if a specific form of bread were meant, bread-cake would be preferable to loaf of bread. ) Verse 5) ��*, point of time, moment. Cf. stick.

The noun is related to ��, to prick.) Verses 7, 8) Verse 7 is a future more vivid (third class) conditional sentence. The protasis uses �� with the sec. per. s. (ingressive) aor. subjunctive; the apodosis has the fut. indicative. Another form (sec. per. s. fut. indicat.) of the verb used in the protasis of verse 7 occurs in verse 8. The two forms are �� (verse 7), and �� (verse 8).) Verse 9) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.5|AUTODETECT|” ��, pinnacle. The Greek word, in the New Testament occurring only here and in the parallel account 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.5|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 4:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ), is related to ��, to fly. Cf. feather, pinion; in fact, pinnacle itself is also related.) 1 7 2 8 0 0 The words that embody Satan s third (according to Luke) temptation are in the form of a simple regular conditional sentence, with aor. imperat. in the apodosis.) Verse 10) ��, third per. s. fut. indicat. of ��, to charge, order, command.) �� , articular aor. active infinitive of ��, to guard.) Verse 11) ��, sec. per. s. aor. subjunctive of ��, to strike against.) Verse 12) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.7|AUTODETECT|” �4��, used as third per. s. perf. passive indicative of �� (past action with abiding result): it has been said and therefore stands. Cf. the parallel, ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.7|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 4:7) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.19.22|AUTODETECT|” , it is written. And see ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.19.22|AUTODETECT|” John 19:22) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.7|AUTODETECT|” ��, sec. per. s. fut. indicative of ��, to put to the test (to try out, sound out). See also ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.7|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 4:7) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.25|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.25|AUTODETECT|” Luke 10:25) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.10.9|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.10.9|AUTODETECT|” I Cor. 10:9) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 3 2 8 0 0 Verse 13) �� , for a season; that is, until another favorable opportunity should present itself.) Summary of Chapter 4:1 13) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.91.11|AUTODETECT|” Filled with the Holy Spirit, Jesus returned from the Jordan, where he had been baptized. For forty days he was led about by the Spirit in the wilderness. During these days he did not eat, so that when they were finished he was famished. So the devil said to him, Since you are God s Son, tell this stone to turn into bread. The devil also led Jesus to a high place and in an instant showed him all the kingdoms of the world, promising that he would give them all to Jesus if the latter would worship him. The devil repeated the words (of the first temptation), Since you are God s Son, when he set Jesus on the pinnacle of the temple, continuing, throw yourself down from here. He strengthened (as he thought) his challenge by an appeal to ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.91.11|AUTODETECT|” Ps. 91:11) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.91.12|AUTODETECT|” a, ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.91.12|AUTODETECT|” 12) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.8.3|AUTODETECT|” In all three cases Jesus answered the tempter by using the Word as a weapon. He appealed to ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.8.3|AUTODETECT|” Deut. 8:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.6.13|AUTODETECT|” in answer to the first temptation; to ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.6.13|AUTODETECT|” Deut. 6:13) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.6.16|AUTODETECT|” in answer to the second; and to ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.6.16|AUTODETECT|” Deut. 6:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 in answer to the third (the terms first, second, and third here referring to Luke s arrangement, which is topical rather than strictly chronological).) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.1.29|AUTODETECT|” By his voluntary submission to the rite of baptism and also by his equally voluntary obedience to the Father s will and the Spirit s direction when he was tempted by Satan, Jesus, as the last Adam, fulfilled the law which the first Adam had transgressed. By means of this obedience he was clearly indicating that he had taken upon himself and was taking away the sin of the world. Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.1.29|AUTODETECT|” John 1:29) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.53.6|AUTODETECT|” . He was therefore ready to begin his ministry of teaching, preaching, healing, casting out demons, and overarching everything else, suffering and dying for all those lost sheep who would place their trust in him. See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.53.6|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 53:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.53.11|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.53.11|AUTODETECT|” 11) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.11|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.11|AUTODETECT|” John 10:11) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.14|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.14|AUTODETECT|” 14) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.15|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.15|AUTODETECT|” 15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.27|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.27|AUTODETECT|” 27) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.28|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.28|AUTODETECT|” 28) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 16 2 8 0 0 The Work Thou Gavest Him To Do) Its Progress) or) Continuation) Chapters 4:14 19:27) CHAPTER IV: 14 44) Outline of Chapter 4:14 44) Theme: The Work Thou Gavest Him to Do) A. The Great Galilean Ministry) 4:14, 15 Its Beginning) 4:16 30 The Rejection of Jesus at Nazareth) 4:31 37 The Healing of a Man with an Unclean Spirit) 4:38 41 The Healing of Simon s Mother-in-law and of Many Others) 4:42 44 Preaching the Good News to Other Towns Also) ) 4:14, 15 The Beginning of the Great Galilean Ministry) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.12|AUTODETECT|” Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.12|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 4:12) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.17|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.17|AUTODETECT|” 17) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.11.2|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.11.2|AUTODETECT|” 11:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.14.3-40.14.5|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.14.3-40.14.5|AUTODETECT|” 14:3 5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.14|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.14|AUTODETECT|” Mark 1:14) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.15|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.15|AUTODETECT|” 15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.3.19|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.3.19|AUTODETECT|” Luke 3:19) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.3.20|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.3.20|AUTODETECT|” 20) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.3.24|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.3.24|AUTODETECT|” John 3:24) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.1-43.4.3|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.1-43.4.3|AUTODETECT|” 4:1 3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.43|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.43|AUTODETECT|” 43) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.44|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.44|AUTODETECT|” 44) 1 3 2 8 0 0 14 Jesus returned to Galilee in the power of the Spirit, and news about him spread through the entire surrounding region. 15 He��196�� was teaching in their synagogues and being praised by everybody.) ) A new section of Luke s Gospel begins here. A chapter division at this point would have been very proper. Luke does not indicate any chronological connection between 4:14, 15 and the preceding material: the account of Jesus baptism and temptation (in this Gospel separated by a genealogy).) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.13|AUTODETECT|” Between ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.13|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:13) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.1.19-43.4.42|AUTODETECT|” and 4:14, 15 there may well have been an interval of about a year, during which the events related in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.1.19-43.4.42|AUTODETECT|” John 1:19 4:42) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.14-42.9.17|AUTODETECT|” occurred. If so, the date when Jesus returned to Galilee, to begin his Great Galilean Ministry 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.14-42.9.17|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:14 9:17) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ), was probably about December of the year a.d. 27 or a little later. See on 3:1, 2, 19, 20.) 1 1 2 8 0 0 But though thus separated in time from the preceding events, yet what Luke is about to tell us is in material substance closely connected with that which precedes. The preparation for and inauguration of the work which the Father gave Jesus to do is ended. The beginning has been accomplished:) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.16-42.4.30|AUTODETECT|” After an appropriate introduction (1:1 4) Luke has described (a) Jesus forerunner, and (b) Jesus birth. Luke s account, in both cases, is far more detailed than can be found anywhere else. He has even reproduced the accompanying songs. He has related an incident that occurred when Jesus was 12 years of age, and has summarized his life in Nazareth. He has shown that by means of his baptism the Savior reaffirmed his decision to take upon himself the sin of the world. He has described Jesus triumph over Satan in the desert of temptation.

Nothing can now prevent the Christ from carrying forward his task as the Great Prophet, Eternal King, and Sympathetic Highpriest (with emphasis, in Luke, on the latter). He will reveal his sympathy not only to Jews but also to Gentiles, as is implied in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.16-42.4.30|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:16 30) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ; for he is related, as the genealogy has shown, not only to David and Abraham but also to Adam, that is, to mankind in general. Nevertheless, as has been indicated, gospel work in Gentile territory is by Luke largely reserved for the book of Acts.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.9.1|AUTODETECT|” For the return to Galilee, mentioned here in 4:14, there were at least two reasons: (a) to avoid a premature crisis (see N.T.C. on Matthew, pp. 239 241); and (b) to fulfil prophecy by meeting Galilee s dire need 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.9.1|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 9:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.9.2|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.9.2|AUTODETECT|” 2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.15|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.15|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 4:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.16|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.16|AUTODETECT|” 16) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 3 2 8 0 0 As Luke here briefly summarizes the Great Galilean Ministry, particularly the teaching in which Jesus was then engaged, it had the following characteristics. It was:) a. Spirit endowed: Jesus performed his task as One who was filled with the Holy Spirit, who had descended upon him in connection with his baptism and had been his Guide in the wilderness (3:22; 4:1);) b. widely advertised: the news about it and about him was spreading throughout the entire surrounding region;) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.23|AUTODETECT|” c. synagogue-centered: see ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.23|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 4:23) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 a, and for the history and importance of the synagogue see N.T.C. on Mark, pp. 74 76; and) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.22|AUTODETECT|” d. popular. Note the words, and he was praised by everybody. For further confirming evidence showing how the people flocked to hear Jesus teaching (both in the synagogue and elsewhere) see ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.22|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:22) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.32|AUTODETECT|” a, ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.32|AUTODETECT|” 32) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.5.1|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.5.1|AUTODETECT|” 5:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.7.28|AUTODETECT|” ; cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.7.28|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 7:28) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.7.29|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.7.29|AUTODETECT|” 29) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.9.35|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.9.35|AUTODETECT|” 9:35) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.9.36|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.9.36|AUTODETECT|” 36) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.1|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.1|AUTODETECT|” 13:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.2|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.2|AUTODETECT|” 2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.54|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.54|AUTODETECT|” 54) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.21|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.21|AUTODETECT|” Mark 1:21) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.22|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.22|AUTODETECT|” 22) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.2.13|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.2.13|AUTODETECT|” 2:13) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.4.1|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.4.1|AUTODETECT|” 4:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ; etc. It should be borne in mind, however, that this popularity was by no means unqualified. At times those who at first were filled with enthusiasm became adversely critical and even antagonistic as soon as they began to realize that Christ s teaching conflicted with their prejudices, as this very chapter shows.��197��) 1 1 2 8 0 0 ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.14|AUTODETECT|” A Practical Lesson Derived from ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.14|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:14) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.15|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.15|AUTODETECT|” 15) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.7.28|AUTODETECT|” What was it that made Jesus teaching so popular? Answer: it was lively, authoritative, well-organized, practical, interesting, true. Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.7.28|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 7:28) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.7.29|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.7.29|AUTODETECT|” 29) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.31|AUTODETECT|” . See also on ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.31|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:31) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.32|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.32|AUTODETECT|” 32) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . Does not this fact contain a hint that should be taken to heart by present-day preachers? And also a hint for parishioners, so that they may show appreciation to pastors who make this ideal their aim?) 1 3 2 8 0 0 ) Notes on Greek Words, Phrases, and Constructions in 4:14, 15) Verse 14) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.9.26|AUTODETECT|” ��, news, in the New Testament used only here and in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.9.26|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 9:26) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . Cf. ��, to say, affirm. The stem occurs in several English words; such as prophecy, euphemism, fable. Related also is fame, which in the present case, because of the favorable context, can even pass as a translation (see A.V., Weymouth, Berkeley).) 1 4 2 8 0 0 Verse 15) Whether �P�� has the intensive meaning he himself depends on the context. In the present case either meaning he or he himself can be defended. The description is vivid, as is clear from the use of the imperfect was teaching and the similarly durative present passive participle being praised. ) ) 4:16 30 The Rejection of Jesus at Nazareth) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.53-40.13.58|AUTODETECT|” Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.53-40.13.58|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 13:53 58) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.6.1-41.6.6|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=41.6.1-41.6.6|AUTODETECT|” Mark 6:1 6) 1 18 2 8 0 0 16 He came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up; and, as was his custom, on the sabbath day entered the synagogue. He stood up to read. 17 The scroll of the prophet Isaiah was handed to him. Unrolling the scroll, he found the place where it was written:) 18 The Spirit of the Lord (is) upon me,) Because he has anointed me) To proclaim good news to the poor;) He has sent me to proclaim to the captives release;) And to the blind recovery of sight;) To set free the oppressed;) 19 To proclaim the year of the Lord s favor. ��198��) 20 Then he rolled up the scroll, gave it back to the attendant, and sat down. The eyes of all in the synagogue were fixed on him. 21 He started out by saying to them, Today, in your very hearing, this passage of Scripture has been fulfilled. ) 22 All were speaking well of him and were amazed about the words of grace that were flowing from his lips.) They were asking. Isn t this Joseph s son? ) 23 Jesus said to them, Undoubtedly you will quote to me this proverb, Physician, heal yourself: whatever we heard that was done in Capernaum, do also here, in your hometown. 24 He continued, I solemnly assure you, no prophet is accepted in his hometown. 25 I tell you truthfully, during the days of Elijah, when the sky was shut for three years and six months, and there was a severe famine in the entire country, there were many widows in Israel; 26 yet Elijah was sent to none of them but to Zarephath in the region of Sidon, to a woman (who was) a widow. 27 And at the time of Elisha the prophet there were many lepers in Israel; yet none of them was cleansed; only Naaman the Syrian. ) 28 Now when they heard these things, all the people in the synagogue were filled with fury. 29 Arising, they drove him out of town and pushed him to the brow of the hill on which their town was built, intending to cast him down headlong. 30 But he walked right through their midst and went on his way.) ) A. Introduction) There is no agreement on the question why Luke departs from what was probably the historical sequence, and in his Gospel places the account of the rejection at Nazareth in the forefront of his coverage of the Great Galilean Ministry, while Matthew and Mark give a much later place to it.

Some have suggested two rejections at Nazareth.) Reasons for accepting the theory that in all three cases the reference is to the same incident:) a. The general outline of the story is the same in all three: On a sabbath Jesus enters his hometown. He teaches in the synagogue. Result: astonishment, adverse criticism, rejection.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.57|AUTODETECT|” b. Essentially the same dominical saying occurs in all three accounts 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.57|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 13:57) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.6.4|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.6.4|AUTODETECT|” Mark 6:4) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.24|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.24|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:24) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 1 2 8 0 0 c. The historical background creates no difficulty, since even according to Luke s account (see 4:23) Christ s rejection at Nazareth did not occur at the beginning of Christ s Galilean Ministry but much later.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.53|AUTODETECT|” The identification is made easier by the fact that, aside from what is implied in 4:23, there are no time references attached to Luke s account. It is clear from ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.53|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 13:53) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.54|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.54|AUTODETECT|” 54) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 that the visit to Nazareth occurred sometime after Jesus spoke his kingdom parables, although how long afterward is nowhere indicated. Did this visit and rejection take place in late a.d. 28? This possibility must be granted.) 1 3 2 8 0 0 Luke, in his rich coverage 15 verses compared to 6 for Matthew and 5� for Mark supplies the text and gist of Christ s sermon. In addition to telling us how it was received Luke gives us a much fuller account (than do Matthew and Mark) of the manner in which Jesus answered his critics and of their resulting hostile reaction.) But although we do not know why Luke places the rejection at Nazareth so early, the suggestion that he may have done this in order to indicate at once what would be the general trend with respect to the people s attitude to Jesus deserves consideration. That trend would be: first enthusiastic interest and amazement, then rejection.) Besides, it should be borne in mind that in chapters 1 3 Luke, in a manner more detailed and emphatic than any other synoptist, has held out bright hopes concerning Jesus(1:30 35, 42, 48, 78, 79; 2:10, 11, 14, 30 32, 34, 40, 52; 3:16 22). It should not surprise us, therefore, that now, without delay, he wishes to indicate that Jesus himself confirmed these expectations (verse 21).) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.1.10-43.1.14|AUTODETECT|” And does not the inspired author of the Fourth Gospel also prefix a summarizing paragraph to his narrative about Jesus? See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.1.10-43.1.14|AUTODETECT|” John 1:10 14) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 0 B. Jesus enters the synagogue) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.2.5|AUTODETECT|” 16a. He came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up; and, as was his custom, on the sabbath day entered the synagogue. Even though Jesus was born in Bethlehem 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.2.5|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 2:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.2.6|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.2.6|AUTODETECT|” 6) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.2.4|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.2.4|AUTODETECT|” Luke 2:4) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.2.15|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.2.15|AUTODETECT|” 15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.1.45|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.1.45|AUTODETECT|” John 1:45) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.7.42|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.7.42|AUTODETECT|” 7:42) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=33.5.2|AUTODETECT|” ; cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=33.5.2|AUTODETECT|” Mic. 5:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.13|AUTODETECT|” ), and during a large part of his ministry had his headquarters in Capernaum 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.13|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 4:13) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.2.23|AUTODETECT|” ), he was and remained Jesus of Nazareth 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.2.23|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 2:23) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.21.11|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.21.11|AUTODETECT|” 21:11) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.26.71|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.26.71|AUTODETECT|” 26:71) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.24|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.24|AUTODETECT|” Mark 1:24) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.10.47|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.10.47|AUTODETECT|” 10:47) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.14.67|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.14.67|AUTODETECT|” 14:67) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.6|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.16.6|AUTODETECT|” 16:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.18.37|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.18.37|AUTODETECT|” Luke 18:37) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ; etc.). Nazareth, as Luke reminds us (cf. 2:39, 40, 51, 52), was the place where Jesus had been brought up, his hometown.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.23|AUTODETECT|” Luke adds that on this particular sabbath day Jesus entered the synagogue. The fact that he attended the synagogue wherever he happened to be, particularly on the sabbath, is clear from several Gospel passages 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.23|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 4:23) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.9.35|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.9.35|AUTODETECT|” 9:35) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.12.9|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.12.9|AUTODETECT|” 12:9) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.54|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.54|AUTODETECT|” 13:54) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.21|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.21|AUTODETECT|” Mark 1:21) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.39|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.39|AUTODETECT|” 39) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.3.1|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.3.1|AUTODETECT|” 3:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.6.2|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.6.2|AUTODETECT|” 6:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.15|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.15|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.16|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.16|AUTODETECT|” 16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.44|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.44|AUTODETECT|” 44) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.6.6|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.6.6|AUTODETECT|” 6:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.13.10|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.13.10|AUTODETECT|” 13:10) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.6.59|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.6.59|AUTODETECT|” John 6:59) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.18.20|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.18.20|AUTODETECT|” 18:20) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.16|AUTODETECT|” ). However, here alone 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.16|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ) note the significant addition as was his custom. ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.12.5|AUTODETECT|” Though even with respect to his human nature Jesus was far advanced in knowledge, wisdom, etc., above anyone else who imparted instruction in the synagogue, he did not stay away. The example set by Jesus should remind us of such passages as ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.12.5|AUTODETECT|” Deut. 12:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.84.1-19.84.4|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.84.1-19.84.4|AUTODETECT|” Ps. 84:1 4) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.95.2-19.95.7|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.95.2-19.95.7|AUTODETECT|” 95:2 7) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.122.1-19.122.4|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.122.1-19.122.4|AUTODETECT|” 122:1 4) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.37.1|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.37.1|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 37:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.18.20|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.18.20|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 18:20) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.2.36|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.2.36|AUTODETECT|” Luke 2:36) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.2.37|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.2.37|AUTODETECT|” 37) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.52|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.52|AUTODETECT|” 24:52) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.53|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.53|AUTODETECT|” 53) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.10.25|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.10.25|AUTODETECT|” Heb. 10:25) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.23|AUTODETECT|” It is true, nevertheless, that in nearly all of the Gospel references 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.23|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 4:23) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ), we are told that Jesus himself did the teaching or preaching.) 1 10 2 8 0 0 C. He reads Scripture) 1. The material read) 16b 19. He stood up to read. The scroll of the prophet Isaiah was handed to him. Unrolling the scroll, he found the place where it was written & ) If sources later than New Testament times are applicable to the period of Christ s earthly sojourn, the sequence of liturgical elements in the synagogue service was probably about as follows:) a.

Thanksgivings or blessings spoken in connection with (before and after) the Sh�may: Hear, O Israel, the Lord our God, the Lord is One, and you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your might. ) b. Prayer, with response of Amen by the congregation.) c. Reading of a passage from the Pentateuch (in Hebrew, followed by translation into Aramaic).) d. Reading of a passage from the Prophets (similarly translated).) e. Sermon or word of exhortation.) f. The Benediction pronounced by a priest, to which the congregation responded with Amen.

When no priest was present a Closing Prayer was substituted for the Benediction.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.13.15|AUTODETECT|” The freedom of the synagogue implied that any person considered suitable by the ruler (or the rulers) of the synagogue was privileged and encouraged to deliver the sermon. Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.13.15|AUTODETECT|” Acts 13:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . It is easy to understand that this provision made it possible for Jesus, and also later on for Paul and other Christian leaders, to bring the gospel to the assembled congregation. Whether here in Nazareth Jesus had been asked to lead, or whether he simply knew that the people expected him to read and preach is not clear. Either is possible.) 1 1 2 8 0 0 He stood up to read. By the attendant the scroll of the prophet Isaiah was handed to him. It seems to have been a separate scroll.��199��) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.0|AUTODETECT|” Did the first lines of ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.0|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 61) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 constitute the haphtara (lesson from the Prophets) for that particular sabbath day, or did Jesus himself select these lines? The words, Unrolling the scroll he found the place, etc., seem to point in the direction of the second alternative. We may perhaps also assume that it was Jesus himself who translated the Hebrew into Aramaic.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.18|AUTODETECT|” The quotation 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.18|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:18) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.19|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.19|AUTODETECT|” 19) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.1|AUTODETECT|” ) is from ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.1|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 61:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.2|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.2|AUTODETECT|” 2) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 a. The close resemblances, as well as the differences, become apparent in the chart below.) 1 2 2 8 0 0 2. The explanation) The number at the beginning of each of the following paragraphs refers to the identically numbered passage in the three columns:) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.*?id=42.4.21|AUTODETECT|”

The Speaker throughout is evidently the Messiah himself. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.21|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:21) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 makes clear that this Messiah is Jesus. This shows that the fulfilment of Isaiah s prophecy, when Israel s remnant returned from the Babylonian captivity, was of a preliminary nature; and that the final fulfilment was ushered in by the incarnation, humiliation, and exaltation of Jesus Christ.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.1|AUTODETECT|” A Comparison of ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.1|AUTODETECT|” Isaiah 61:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.2|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=23.61.2|AUTODETECT|”

1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.18|AUTODETECT|” a with ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.18|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:18) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.19|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.19|AUTODETECT|”
1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.1|AUTODETECT|” Hebrew ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.1|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 61:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.2|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.2|AUTODETECT|”
1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.1|AUTODETECT|” a translaled into English LXX (Greek Version) of ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.1|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 61:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.2|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.2|AUTODETECT|”
1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.18|AUTODETECT|” a translated into English ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.18|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:18) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.19|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.19|AUTODETECT|”
1 1 -1 9 0 0 translated into English ) 1 9 2 8 0 0

The Spirit of the Lord God (is) upon me, The Spirit of the Lord (is) upon me, The Spirit of the Lord (is) upon me, ) 2. Because the Lord has anointed me to announce good news to the poor. Because he has anointed me; He has sent me to proclaim good news to the poor, Because he has anointed me to proclaim good news to the poor. ) 3. He has sent me to bind up the brokenhearted; To heal the brokenhearted, ) 4. To proclaim to the captives liberty; To proclaim to the captives release; He has sent to proclaim to the captives release; ) 5.

And to those bound opening of eyes; And to the blind recovery of sight; And to the blind recovery of sight; ) 6. To set free the oppressed; ) 7. To proclaim the year of the Lord s favor. To announce the year of the Lord s favor. To proclaim the year of the Lord s favor. ) ) ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.3.21|AUTODETECT|” It was upon him that, by an act of God the Father, the anointing Holy Spirit was caused to rest. See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.3.21|AUTODETECT|” Luke 3:21) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.3.22|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.3.22|AUTODETECT|” 22) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.5.3|AUTODETECT|” 2. This anointing implied that the Savior had been set apart and qualified for a task. Part of that task was to proclaim good news to the poor. The Greek word translated poor occurs also in the Beatitudes 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.5.3|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 5:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.6.20|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.6.20|AUTODETECT|” Luke 6:20) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.66.2|AUTODETECT|” ). The Speaker in Isaiah was thinking of the destitute, those who know themselves to be such. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.66.2|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 66:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 provides a good commentary, But this is the man to whom I will look, he that is humble and crushed in spirit, and trembles at my word. ) 1 1 2 8 0 0 3. The words of the Messiah, found in the Isaiah passage, namely, He has sent me to bind up the broken-hearted, reflected also in the LXX, (He has sent me) to heal the broken-hearted, are omitted in Luke. Why? We can only guess. Possibilities: (a) Luke s intention was not to reproduce the entire haphtara (selection from the Prophets) but only the words used by Jesus as the text for his sermon; (b) correctly interpreted, the reference to the poor to whom the good news must be proclaimed made a further statement about the broken-hearted not absolutely necessary. There may be a better explanation.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.8.36|AUTODETECT|” 4. The underlying figure captives is that of exiles, by the conqueror dragged away from their own homeland and transported into a foreign country where they endure many grievous hardships. This captivity symbolizes enslavement to sin and Satan. But Messiah was divinely commissioned to proclaim and to bring about release from this captivity. See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.8.36|AUTODETECT|” John 8:36) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.9.39|AUTODETECT|” 5. According to Luke s report and compare the LXX Version Jesus also read these words, And (he has sent me to proclaim) to the blind recovery of sight. The parallel Isaiah passage is often rendered, and the opening of the prison to them that are bound. It then becomes difficult to understand why the corresponding line in the LXX and in Luke speaks of the recovery of sight. The transition from one idea the opening of the prison to the other the recovery of sight is then explained by pointing out that when men bound in dark dungeons are set free, they again see the light of day, and in that sense their eyes are opened. That explanation sounds reasonable. A quicker way to reach the same result is to adopt for the Isaiah passage the alternate rendering of the words in question, namely, and to those bound opening of eyes. ��200�� One of the purposes for which the Messiah was sent into the world was indeed to open men s eyes, a right claimed by Jesus 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.9.39|AUTODETECT|” John 9:39) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 a).) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.1|AUTODETECT|” 6. (He has sent me) to set free the oppressed. See also the note on 4:18 on page 260. Neither ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.1|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 61:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.2|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.2|AUTODETECT|” 2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.58.6|AUTODETECT|” a nor the LXX Version has anything that corresponds to item 6. It can perhaps be viewed as a midrash or comment on the immediately preceding passage. The meaning then would be on this order, When I said that the blind receive recovery of sight, I meant that this takes place when they are set free from the oppression they had been enduring in Satan s dark dungeon. Such a comment seems all the more natural at this point, in view of the fact that ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.58.6|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 58:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.0|AUTODETECT|” a passage not far removed from the opening verses of ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.0|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 61) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 refers to the deliverance of those crushed or oppressed.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=3.25.8|AUTODETECT|” 7. (He has sent me) to proclaim the year of the Lord s favor, or the acceptable year of the Lord (A.V.). The underlying figure is the year of Jubilee, the fiftieth year, when, according to ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=3.25.8|AUTODETECT|” Lev. 25:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.8.36|AUTODETECT|” f., the trumpet must be sounded, and liberty throughout all the land must be proclaimed. This is a symbol of the Messianic Age, for it is only by faith in Jesus Christ that true freedom is obtained: freedom from living in constant fear, from obligation to ever so many manmade ordinances, from guilt, pollution, Satan, sin and its results. If therefore the Son will make you free, you will be free indeed 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.8.36|AUTODETECT|” John 8:36) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ). This is freedom plus.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.18.12|AUTODETECT|” When an accused man is declared not guilty, he is free. Likewise when a slave has been emancipated, he is free. But the judge or the emancipator does not, as a rule, adopt the freed individual as his own son. But when the Son makes one free, he will be free indeed, rejoicing in the glorious freedom of sonship. And how does the Son make one free? Answer: see ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.18.12|AUTODETECT|” John 18:12) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.53.5|AUTODETECT|” ; cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.53.5|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 53:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.3.17|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.3.17|AUTODETECT|” II Cor. 3:17) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.4.6|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.4.6|AUTODETECT|” Gal. 4:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.4.7|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.4.7|AUTODETECT|” 7) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.6.20|AUTODETECT|” If we bear in mind that when this Scripture passage was being read Jesus had already carried on an extensive ministry both in Judea and in Galilee, it becomes clear that to a considerable extent the mission here described had been performed. It was still being fulfilled and was going to be, until it had been accomplished. The poor received, are receiving, are going to receive good news 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.6.20|AUTODETECT|” Luke 6:20) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.12.32|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.12.32|AUTODETECT|” 12:32) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.13.16|AUTODETECT|” ); captives (to sin and Satan), release 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.13.16|AUTODETECT|” Luke 13:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.8.31|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.8.31|AUTODETECT|” John 8:31) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.7.21|AUTODETECT|” f.); the blind, recovery of sight 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.7.21|AUTODETECT|” Luke 7:21) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.7.22|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.7.22|AUTODETECT|” 22) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.11.28|AUTODETECT|” ); the oppressed, freedom 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.11.28|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 11:28) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.7.37|AUTODETECT|” f.; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.7.37|AUTODETECT|” John 7:37) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.7.22|AUTODETECT|” ); while for all true believers the acceptable year of the Lord arrives 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.7.22|AUTODETECT|” Luke 7:22) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.24|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.10.24|AUTODETECT|” 10:24) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.17.17|AUTODETECT|” ). In fact, to a certain degree even unbelievers are benefited by its arrival 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.17.17|AUTODETECT|” Luke 17:17) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).��201��) 1 3 2 8 0 0 Moreover, Jesus had come to save the entire man: body and soul. The promised blessings were both physical and spiritual. In every way, therefore, the passage read that day in the Nazareth synagogue was not only informative but also hortatory. The invitation to accept this great salvation is clearly implied.) D. He begins his address) 20, 21. Then he rolled up the scroll, gave it back to the attendant, and sat down. The eyes of all in the synagogue were fixed on him. He started out by saying to them, Today, in your very hearing, this passage of Scripture has been fulfilled.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.5.1|AUTODETECT|” A most interesting passage this! Here Jesus combines the natural and customary with the amazing and unexpected. Jesus rolls up the scroll, returns it to the attendant, and sits down to speak. In all this he did not depart from customary procedure. For a speaker to sit down when he was about to address an audience was natural 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.5.1|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 5:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.5.3|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.5.3|AUTODETECT|” Luke 5:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.16.13|AUTODETECT|” ), though there were exceptions, as the easy-to-remember contrast between ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.16.13|AUTODETECT|” Acts 16:13) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 and 13:16 indicates.) 1 4 2 8 0 0 But at this point the unexpected happens. Let us try to visualize the situation:) The atmosphere in the probably crowded synagogue is surcharged with curiosity. Everybody in the audience is wondering what their townsman, the former carpenter, about whom they have been hearing so much of late (see verse 23), is going to say in elucidation and application of the Scripture passage he has read a moment ago. He may have read more than Luke reports, but at least he has read that.) All is quiet, so quiet that one can hear a feather drop. Every eye is fixed on Jesus. He opens his mouth.

He begins his address. Does he start out by reminding the audience of the golden days, now gone forever, when Jehovah stretched out his mighty arm and performed miracles on earth? He does not. Does he begin by entertaining his listeners with bright promises pertaining to the future? Not that either.) Instead, he speaks about the here and now! He assures the people with whom he had grown up that the golden age has actually arrived.

Today, says he, while you are listening to me, the passage I read to you has been and is being realized. ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.7.22|AUTODETECT|” That was true, of course. Were not the blind gaining their sight, cripples walking, lepers being cleansed, deaf people having their hearing restored, and even some of the dead being raised back to life? Was not the good news being proclaimed to the poor? See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.7.22|AUTODETECT|” Luke 7:22) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 & And who was the Servant of the Lord through whom all this was being accomplished? The implication is clear.) 1 4 2 8 0 0 E. The audience reacts) with) 1. amazement) 22a. All were speaking well of him and were amazed about the words of grace that were flowing from his lips.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.54|AUTODETECT|” Jesus had spoken with such inner conviction, freshness, authority, and graciousness that his old acquaintances were struck with astonishment. They were impressed by his wisdom and by the mighty works that were ascribed to him 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.54|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 13:54) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.6.2|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.6.2|AUTODETECT|” Mark 6:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 2 2 8 0 0 2. doubt) 22b. They were asking, Isn t this Joseph s son?) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.55-40.13.57|AUTODETECT|” Mark s fuller account of this negative reaction is, Isn t this the carpenter, the son of Mary, and brother of James and Joses and Jude and Simon? And aren t his sisters here with us? And they took offense at him 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.55-40.13.57|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 13:55 57) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 5 2 8 0 0 In order to understand what caused the initial favorable reaction to change into an unfavorable one, it should be borne in mind that Jesus had not only presented an encouraging message about present salvation, but by reading, The Spirit of the Lord (is) upon me, and afterward explaining this to mean Today, in your very hearing this passage of Scripture has been fulfilled, he had also somehow linked himself with the bringing of this salvation. The people liked what he had said about the dawn of the Messianic kingdom, but they resented the implication that Jesus, the carpenter, who grew up among them, was himself instrumental in bringing this about. Familiarity brought contempt. The very fact that the people of Nazareth were so well acquainted with Jesus family caused them to look down upon him. Who did he think he was anyway?��202�� If he wanted them to believe his claims, he ought to prove his greatness by performing here in Nazareth better still, right here in the synagogue? a miracle similar to those he had reportedly worked elsewhere.) F. Jesus resumes his address) 23 27.

Jesus said to them, Undoubtedly you will quote to me this proverb, Physician, heal yourself: whatever we heard that was done in Capernaum, do also here, in your hometown He continued, I solemnly assure you, no prophet is accepted in his hometown. I tell you truthfully, during the days of Elijah, when the sky was shut for three years and six months, and there was a severe famine in the entire country, there were many widows in Israel; yet Elijah was sent to none of them but to Zarephath in the region of Sidon, to a woman (who was) a widow. And at the time of Elisha the prophet there were many lepers in Israel; yet none of them was cleansed; only Naaman the Syrian.) With the exception of verse 24 this is material peculiar to Luke. He probably received it from an eyewitness.) It is evident that Jesus had read the thoughts of these people. So he told them, Undoubtedly you will quote to me this parable, etc. The word parable used in the original has a wide range, and in this instance undoubtedly means proverbial saying.

That saying was, Physician, heal yourself. Among the ancients this proverb was well known. There can be no doubt about Jesus meaning, for he immediately adds words that basically amount to, Do in your hometown what you did elsewhere. The yourself of the proverb is expanded into your hometown. Literally, however, Jesus represents his synagogue audience as thinking, Whatever we heard that was done in Capernaum do also here, in your hometown. ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.54|AUTODETECT|” To reason, as some do, that Jesus, by representing the Nazarenes as saying within themselves, Whatever we heard that was done (by you) instead of simply whatever you did, implies that they doubted the reports they had received is unrealistic. That the people of Nazareth believed that Jesus had performed mighty works is clear from ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.54|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 13:54) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.6.2|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.6.2|AUTODETECT|” Mark 6:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.58|AUTODETECT|” . Their unbelief 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.58|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 13:58) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.6.6|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.6.6|AUTODETECT|” Mark 6:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.1|AUTODETECT|” ) did not touch that particular point. What they did not believe was that through the man whom they knew so well (as they thought), the tremendously significant and comprehensive prophecy of ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.1|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 61:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.11.15|AUTODETECT|” f. was being realized! Even sin-hardened scribes and Pharisees accepted the fact that Jesus worked miracles 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.11.15|AUTODETECT|” Luke 11:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.47|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.11.47|AUTODETECT|” John 11:47) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ). But that did not make them true believers in Jesus as the Christ, the fulfilment of Messianic prophecy.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.57|AUTODETECT|” Perceiving the basic unbelief of his synagogue audience, Jesus states, I solemnly assure you, no prophet is accepted in his hometown. For parallels see ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.57|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 13:57) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.6.4|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.6.4|AUTODETECT|” Mark 6:4) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.44|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.44|AUTODETECT|” John 4:44) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=9.17.28|AUTODETECT|” . Meaning: Wherever a prophet may be honored, he is certainly not honored in his hometown. It was a succinct expression of a general rule. Even today we say, Familiarity breeds contempt. The source of this lack of honor is often envy. Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=9.17.28|AUTODETECT|” I Sam. 17:28) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 4 2 8 0 0 With a deeply earnest Amen Jesus introduces this proverb. In Luke this Amen occurs here for the first time. In the entire Third Gospel it is found only six times, far less frequently than in any of the other Gospels. Wherever this word occurs it introduces a statement which not only expresses a truth or fact, but an important fact, a solemn truth, one that is generally in conflict with popular opinion or at least causes a measure of surprise or needs to be stressed. Hence, I solemnly declare. ) Next, Jesus refutes the people s mistaken opinion that Nazareth had a special claim on him since that was the place where he had been raised. They seemed to think that people living in other places should be treated as outsiders.

Their attitude was, It has been reported to us that you have performed great works in Capernaum, but where do we come in? ) So Jesus now shows that There s a wideness in God s mercy, like the wideness of the sea (F. W. Faber). With emphasis, once more, on the veracity of his statements , he selects two examples from the history of the old dispensation, to show that God s grace overleaps artificial, manmade barricades, not only those of village, city, and province, but even those of people and country:) a. During the days of Elijah & there were many widows in Israel; yet Elijah was sent to & a widow in Zarephath in the region of Sidon.��203��) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.*?id=11.17.1-11.17.7|AUTODETECT|”
Discrepancy hunters see a conflict between the historical account of this incident 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=11.17.1-11.17.7|AUTODETECT|”
I Kings 17:1 7) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=11.18.1|AUTODETECT|”
; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=11.18.1|AUTODETECT|”
18:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=42.4.25|AUTODETECT|”
) and ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=42.4.25|AUTODETECT|”
Luke 4:25) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=42.4.25|AUTODETECT|”: when the sky was shut for three years and six months, and there was a severe famine in the entire country. But the Old Testament passages nowhere indicate the duration of the drought and famine; so there can be no conflict. The belief that the entire period spanned three and one-half years rested on a strong oral tradition, evidenced not only here 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.25|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:25) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=59.5.17|AUTODETECT|” ) but also in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=59.5.17|AUTODETECT|” James 5:17) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=11.17.12|AUTODETECT|” The widow in Zarephath trusted in the God of Israel 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=11.17.12|AUTODETECT|” I Kings 17:12) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=11.17.16|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=11.17.16|AUTODETECT|”

1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=11.17.18|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=11.17.18|AUTODETECT|”
1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=11.17.24|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=11.17.24|AUTODETECT|”
1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=11.19.10|AUTODETECT|” ) and was rewarded. By and large the situation in Israel was different 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=11.19.10|AUTODETECT|” I Kings 19:10) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=11.19.14|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=11.19.14|AUTODETECT|”
1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=11.19.18|AUTODETECT|” ). It was one of unbelief, though there were some favorable exceptions 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=11.19.18|AUTODETECT|” I Kings 19:18) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=12.5.1-12.5.14|AUTODETECT|” b. Something similar occurred also during the days of Elisha. Though then, as always, there were many lepers in Israel, none of them was cleansed. That great blessing was bestowed only on the non-Israelite Naaman 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=12.5.1-12.5.14|AUTODETECT|” II Kings 5:1 14) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=12.5.14|AUTODETECT|” ). He too believed, though not immediately 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=12.5.14|AUTODETECT|” II Kings 5:14) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.55.1|AUTODETECT|” This statement of Jesus was indeed very significant. It was a lesson needed by Christ s immediate audience here in Nazareth on this unforgettable sabbath. But it also served a wider purpose. It was a clear indication of the dawn of a new era in the history of redemption, an era both predicted and foreshadowed in the old dispensation, but not fully realized until the new; a long, long period, during which, beginning from Jerusalem, the door of salvation would be opened more and more widely to all true comers 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.55.1|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 55:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.11.28|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.11.28|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 11:28) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.6.37|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.6.37|AUTODETECT|” John 6:37) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.7.37|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.7.37|AUTODETECT|” 7:37) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.22.17|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.22.17|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 22:17) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.8.11|AUTODETECT|” ), regardless of race or nationality 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.8.11|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 8:11) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.8.12|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.8.12|AUTODETECT|”
1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.22.8|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.22.8|AUTODETECT|” 22:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.22.9|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.22.9|AUTODETECT|”
1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.47|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.47|AUTODETECT|” Luke 24:47) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.3.16|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.3.16|AUTODETECT|” John 3:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.16|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.16|AUTODETECT|” 10:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.8|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.1.8|AUTODETECT|” Acts 1:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.10.12|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.10.12|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 10:12) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.10.13|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.10.13|AUTODETECT|”
1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.7.19|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.7.19|AUTODETECT|” I Cor. 7:19) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.3.9|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.3.9|AUTODETECT|” Gal. 3:9) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.3.29|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.3.29|AUTODETECT|”
1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.2.14|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.2.14|AUTODETECT|” Eph. 2:14) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.2.18|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.2.18|AUTODETECT|”
1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=51.3.11|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=51.3.11|AUTODETECT|” Col. 3:11) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.7.9|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.7.9|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 7:9) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 4 2 8 0 0 G. The audience reacts) with) 3. murderous hatred) 28, 29. Now when they heard these things, all the people in the synagogue were filled with fury. Arising, they drove him out of town and pushed him to the brow of the hill on which their town was built, intending to cast him down headlong.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.13.1-5.13.5|AUTODETECT|” The people of Nazareth are furious. To think that they are worse than Phoenician widows and Syrian lepers! Their wrath knows no bounds. The house of prayer and worship becomes a bedlam of confusion. They rush upon the speaker. Out of town they drive him. Is he not a false prophet? And does not the law demand that such deceivers must be killed? See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.13.1-5.13.5|AUTODETECT|” Deut. 13:1 5) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . To the hill on which their town was built some say it was the cliff located on the southwest corner of the town, the one overhanging the Maronite convent they push him, intending to hurl him down headlong to the rocks below.) 1 2 2 8 0 0 H. Jesus triumphs) 30. But he walked right through their midst and went on his way.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.18.6|AUTODETECT|” How must we account for this escape ? Shall we say that Jesus calm and majestic bearing, differing so sharply from their boisterous display of bitterness, made such a deep impression on these potential murderers that they froze on the spot? Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.18.6|AUTODETECT|” John 18:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . Whatever may be the explanation, it was he who triumphed!��204��) 1 1 2 8 0 0 ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.16-42.4.30|AUTODETECT|” Practical Lessons Derived from ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.16-42.4.30|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:16 30) 1 5 2 8 0 0 Verse 16) As was his custom. Staying away from church prevents a man from securing a blessing for himself, for the congregation to which he belongs, and for the kingdom of God.) Verses 17 19) He has anointed me to proclaim good news to the poor, etc. Is not a Christian a partaker of Christ s anointing ? To a certain extent, therefore, these verses give expression to the believers mandate. True Christianity is a doctrine, to be sure; even more precisely, it is a life based on this doctrine.) Verse 21) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.95.7|AUTODETECT|” Today & this passage of Scripture has been fulfilled. Carpe diem (Make the most of today s opportunities)! The past is gone forever. The future here on earth may never dawn for us. God has given us the present. Let us then snatch every opportunity to promote Christ s causes; such as outreach, benevolence, Christian education. Significant, in this connection, are also such passages as ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=19.95.7|AUTODETECT|” Ps. 95:7) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.3.7|AUTODETECT|” b 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.3.7|AUTODETECT|” Heb. 3:7) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.9.4|AUTODETECT|” ); ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.9.4|AUTODETECT|” John 9:4) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 3 2 8 0 0 Verse 24) No prophet is accepted in his hometown. That is the way it is, but not the way it should be. Potential elders, deacons, assistants (male or female), Sunday School teachers, soloists, leaders of boys or girls clubs, etc., are passed by, being considered unqualified. They move to another town or church and immediately become a great blessing because their talents are being recognized. Let us not be too sure that the church member with whom we grew up is unqualified!) Verses 25 27) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.45.22|AUTODETECT|” To a woman of Zarephath & to Naaman the Syrian. God s love is world-embracing. It is not limited to a single nationality, sex, age, or rung on the social ladder. It is as broad as are ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.45.22|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 45:22) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.3.16|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.3.16|AUTODETECT|” John 3:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.42|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.42|AUTODETECT|” 4:42) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=54.4.10|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=54.4.10|AUTODETECT|” I Tim. 4:10) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=62.4.14|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=62.4.14|AUTODETECT|” I John 4:14) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 10 2 8 0 0 ) Notes on Greek Words, Phrases, and Constructions in 4:16 30) Verse 16) &� ��, pluperfect indicat. pass. (periphrastic) of ��, to feed, nurse, nourish, rear, bring up. Cf. atrophy.) ��, third per. s. 2nd aor. indicative of ��; see the note on 1:39 on page 99.) ��, 2nd aor. active infinitive of ��; literally: to recognize (the letters) again; hence, to read.) Verse 17) ��, book, scroll, certificate; here scroll. Paper was made from the stem of the ��, papyrus plant; hence the name. Cf. Bible.) ��, aor. act. nom. s. masc. participle of ��, unroll. Cf. ��, in verse 20, from ��, to roll up.) Verse 18) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.18|AUTODETECT|” �W �5��, because. See L.N.T. (Th.), p. 215. So almost every translation. To insist on the rendering therefore raises the question, Does it make sense to say, The Spirit of the Lord (is) upon me; therefore he has anointed me ? Besides, the usual and, as I see it, in this case correct translation also brings ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.18|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:18) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 into harmony with the Isaiah passage.) 1 1 2 8 0 0 �P��, aor. middle infinitive of �P��, as in 1:19. See the note on 2:10 on page 160.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.21.24|AUTODETECT|” �0�� = �0�� and ��; hence literally: one taken by the spear, a captive. But see also �0�� 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.21.24|AUTODETECT|” Luke 21:24) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.7.23|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.7.23|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 7:23) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.10.5|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.10.5|AUTODETECT|” II Cor. 10:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=55.3.6|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=55.3.6|AUTODETECT|” II Tim. 3:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ), to make (or: take) captive, carry away as a captive, mislead, etc.) 1 1 2 8 0 0 ��, aor. active infinitive of ��, to send away; with ��, to send away into freedom, to set free.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.26.28|AUTODETECT|” �� (cf. ��, to send away, dismiss, let go), deliverance, freedom, release; also: debt cancellation, pardon, forgiveness 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.26.28|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 26:28) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.4|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.4|AUTODETECT|” Mark 1:4) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.3.29|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.3.29|AUTODETECT|” 3:29) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.1.77|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.1.77|AUTODETECT|” Luke 1:77) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.3.3|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.3.3|AUTODETECT|” 3:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.47|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.24.47|AUTODETECT|” 24:47) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.1.7|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.1.7|AUTODETECT|” Eph. 1:7) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.9.22|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.9.22|AUTODETECT|” Heb. 9:22) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ; etc.).) 1 2 2 8 0 0 ��, acc. pl. masc. perfect passive participle of ��, to break in pieces, shatter, crush, oppress; cf. throe.) Verse 19) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.10.35|AUTODETECT|” ��, here -��, modifying ��; see also verse 24; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.10.35|AUTODETECT|” Acts 10:35) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.6.2|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.6.2|AUTODETECT|” II Cor. 6:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.4.18|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.4.18|AUTODETECT|” Phil. 4:18) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 , acceptable, favorable; cf. ��.) 1 6 2 8 0 0 Verse 20) &�� , third per. pl. periphrastic imperfect of ��, to look intently (at something or someone), gaze, be fastened or fixed upon. Cf. tension, intently.) Verse 22) ��, third per. pl. imperfect of ��, to bear witness, testify; here: to testify favorably concerning, to speak well of.) �P�� & ��. The expected answer is �� (Yes).) Verses 23, 24) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.15.0|AUTODETECT|” ��, word with wide range of meaning, in Luke used here for the first time. In ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.15.0|AUTODETECT|” Luke 15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.3.23|AUTODETECT|” , and often, it refers to an earthly story with a heavenly meaning, what even today we would call a parable. Other related meanings: brief illustrative comparison 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.3.23|AUTODETECT|” Mark 3:23) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.7.17|AUTODETECT|” ), pithy saying, aphorism, mashal 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.7.17|AUTODETECT|” Mark 7:17) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.23|AUTODETECT|” ), a proverb 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.23|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:23) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 1 2 8 0 0 8��, vocative of 0��, physician. Cf. psychiatry.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.17.25|AUTODETECT|” ��, sec. per. s. aor. imperative active of ��, to serve 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.17.25|AUTODETECT|” Acts 17:25) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.24|AUTODETECT|” ), to heal, cure, restore 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.4.24|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 4:24) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.8.7|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.8.7|AUTODETECT|” 8:7) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.8.16|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.8.16|AUTODETECT|”
1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.23|AUTODETECT|” ; also here in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.23|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:23) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.40|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.40|AUTODETECT|”
1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.5.15|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.5.15|AUTODETECT|” 5:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.6.7|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.6.7|AUTODETECT|” 6:7) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ; etc.).) 1 1 2 8 0 0 ��, sec. per. s. aor. (ingressive) active imperative of ��.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.44|AUTODETECT|” ��, dat. s. of ��. See N.T.C. on ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.44|AUTODETECT|” John 4:44) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.23|AUTODETECT|” , where substantially the same saying is found, with this exception that there the word used in the original, namely patris, refers to the homeland, i.e., Galilee, whereas here in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.23|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:23) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.24|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.24|AUTODETECT|”
1 1 -1 9 0 0 and its synoptic parallels it refers to the hometown, as is clear from the context.) 1 3 2 8 0 0 Verse 26) With �� cf. our vernacular widow woman. ) Verse 28) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.2.4|AUTODETECT|” ��, third per. pl. aor. passive indicat. of ��; see ��. Cf. the note on 2:6 on page 147. Same form here (4:28) and 2:6 as in 1:23; 2:21, 22; 5:26; 6:11; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.2.4|AUTODETECT|” Acts 2:4) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.3.10|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.3.10|AUTODETECT|” 3:10) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.4.31|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.4.31|AUTODETECT|” 4:31) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.5.17|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.5.17|AUTODETECT|” 5:17) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.13.45|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.13.45|AUTODETECT|” 13:45) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.1.15|AUTODETECT|” . Luke is very fond of this verb. For other forms see ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.1.15|AUTODETECT|” Luke 1:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.1.41|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.1.41|AUTODETECT|”
1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.1.57|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.1.57|AUTODETECT|”
1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.1.67|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.1.67|AUTODETECT|”
1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.5.7|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.5.7|AUTODETECT|” 5:7) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.21.22|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.21.22|AUTODETECT|” 21:22) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.4.8|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.4.8|AUTODETECT|” Acts 4:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.9.17|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.9.17|AUTODETECT|” 9:17) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.13.9|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.13.9|AUTODETECT|” 13:9) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.19.29|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.19.29|AUTODETECT|” 19:29) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.22.10|AUTODETECT|” . Elsewhere in the New Testament this verb is found only in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.22.10|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 22:10) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.27.48|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.27.48|AUTODETECT|” 27:48) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.19.28|AUTODETECT|” �� anger, fury, rage, passion. Luke uses this word only here and in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.19.28|AUTODETECT|” Acts 19:28) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.12.20|AUTODETECT|” , both times with respect to human fury. Paul has it in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.12.20|AUTODETECT|” II Cor. 12:20) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.5.20|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.5.20|AUTODETECT|” Gal. 5:20) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.4.31|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.4.31|AUTODETECT|” Eph. 4:31) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=51.3.8|AUTODETECT|” ; and ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=51.3.8|AUTODETECT|” Col. 3:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.2.8|AUTODETECT|” , human anger in all these cases; and in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.2.8|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 2:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.11.27|AUTODETECT|” , divine anger. It also occurs in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.11.27|AUTODETECT|” Heb. 11:27) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 (the king s anger), and ten times in the book of Revelation. In seven of these ten the fury or anger is God s (14:10, 19; 15:1, 7; 16:1, 19; 19:15); in one case it is the devil s (12:12); and in two it is Babylon s (14:8; 18:3).) 1 8 2 8 0 0 When there is a distinction between �� and @��, �� seems to indicate turbulent commotion, anger, fury, suddenly blazing up and quickly extinguished, like fire in straw, while @�� refers to settled indignation, wrath of a more abiding character. See R. C. Trench, Synonyms, par. xxxvii. See also F. B�chsel, article �� in Th.D.N.T., Vol.

III, pp. 167 172. However, as was stated in N.T.C. on John, Vol. I, p. 151, when applied to God it is probably wrong to press this distinction between the two words. ) Verse 29) For ��, nom. pl. masc. sec. aor. participle of ��, see above, on verse 16.) @��, lit. eyebrow; here: brow of a hill.) ��, third per. s. pluperfect passive indicative of �0��, to build. Cf. domestic, dome. The Greek word is derived from �6��, house, and ��, to build. Cf. timber; Dutch timmeren (to do carpenter s work); German Zimmer (room).) ��, aor. infinitive active of �� (= ��, down, and ��, precipice), to hurl down a precipice, to cast down headlong.

Cf. cremaster (muscle).) ) 4:31 37 The Healing of a Man with an Unclean Spirit) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.21-41.1.28|AUTODETECT|” Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.21-41.1.28|AUTODETECT|” Mark 1:21 28) 1 6 2 8 0 0 31 He went down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee. And he was teaching the people on the sabbath. 32 They were astonished at his teaching because his message was (presented) with authority.) 33 Now in the synagogue there was a man possessed by a demon, an unclean spirit.��205�� In a loud voice he cried out, 34 Ha! Why do you bother us, Jesus of Nazareth? Have you come to destroy us? I know who you are the Holy One of God! ) 35 But Jesus rebuked him, saying, Be quiet and come out of him! And when the demon had hurled him down into their midst, he came out of him, having done him no harm.) 36 Amazement seized all, and they kept saying to each other, What kind of message is this?

For with authority and power he issues commands to the unclean spirits, and they come out. 37 And the news about him continued to��206�� spread to every place of the surrounding region.) ) At this point Luke s account begins to parallel Mark s more definitely. The present close parallel extends from here to the end of Luke s fourth chapter.) 7 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.*?id=42.4.31-42.4.41|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:31 41) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 describes A Busy Day in Capernaum. The first scene takes place in the synagogue, the second and third at Simon Peter s house.) 1 5 2 8 0 0 31, 32. He went down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee. And he was teaching the people on the sabbath. They were astonished at his teaching because his message was (presented) with authority.) Luke does not indicate any time connection between the preceding story (Christ s rejection at Nazareth) and this one. He does not begin his paragraph with Afterward or even with Then. He simply uses the word kai, which, in this instance, can either be left untranslated or rendered And. ) Luke has he where Mark has they.

Both are correct, for Luke s he refers to Jesus as the Leader of the group. From Mark s Gospel 1:16 20, 29 it is clear that this group consisted (at least) of Simon Peter and Andrew, James and John.) Note also went down to Capernaum, down being appropriate because of the location of this place on the northwest shore of the Sea of Galilee, this sea itself being more than 200 meters (about 700 feet) below the level of the Mediterranean. The city has completely disappeared. The modern Tell Hum is by many regarded as its probable site. For more on Capernaum why Jesus moved to this place from Nazareth, its strategic location, excavations, Jesus prophecy (concerning this city) and its fulfilment see on 10:15.) For the sake of Theophilus and other readers unacquainted with the detailed geography of the Holy Land Luke adds a city of Galilee. ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.58.0|AUTODETECT|” It was on the sabbath that Jesus was teaching (or: began to teach) the people. Luke s interest in the sabbath appears from the fact that he records no less than five healing miracles performed by the Savior on the day of rest and worship (4:31 37, 38 41; 6:6 11; 13:10 17; 14:1 6). We should add, however, that Luke, in turn, reveals Christ s own special concern about proper sabbath observance, in harmony with ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.58.0|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 58) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 , and his stand in opposition to the legalistic views and practices advocated by the scribes and Pharisees and their followers.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.21|AUTODETECT|” Clearly this sabbath teaching took place in the synagogue 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.21|AUTODETECT|” Mark 1:21) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ). That those in charge would ask Jesus to read and to preach was to be expected.) 1 1 2 8 0 0 So impressive was his presentation that the audience was astonished. Cf. 4:22a. The people were dumbfounded, literally struck out of themselves, that is, as it were, out of their senses in amazement and wonder. It was a state that did not leave them immediately but lasted for a while.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.6.3|AUTODETECT|” What were some of the reasons for this reaction on the part of the audience? One of them may well have been that he, a carpenter 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.6.3|AUTODETECT|” Mark 6:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.7.28|AUTODETECT|” ), revealed such wisdom. But especially there was this, that his word or message was presented with authority. Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.7.28|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 7:28) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.7.29|AUTODETECT|” b, ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.7.29|AUTODETECT|” 29) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.22|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.22|AUTODETECT|” Mark 1:22) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 b. Consider the following points of contrast between Christ s teaching and that of the scribes:) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.14.6|AUTODETECT|” a. He spoke the truth 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.14.6|AUTODETECT|” John 14:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.18.37|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.18.37|AUTODETECT|” 18:37) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.5.21|AUTODETECT|” ). Corrupt and evasive reasoning marked the sermons of many of the scribes 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.5.21|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 5:21) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ff.).) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.23.23|AUTODETECT|” b. He presented matters of great significance, matters of life, death, and eternity. They often wasted their time on trivialities 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.23.23|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 23:23) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.11.42|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.11.42|AUTODETECT|” Luke 11:42) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 2 2 8 0 0 c. There was system in his preaching. As their Talmud proves, they often rambled on and on.) d. He excited curiosity by making generous use of illustrations (many of them reported in Luke s Gospel; see 5:36 39; 6:39 49; 7:31 35, 40 47; etc.). Their speeches were often dry as dust.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.20.47|AUTODETECT|” e. He spoke as the Lover of men, as One concerned with the everlasting welfare of his listeners, and pointed to the Father and his love. Their lack of love is clear from such passages as ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.20.47|AUTODETECT|” Luke 20:47) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.8.26|AUTODETECT|” f. Finally, and this is the most important, for it is specifically stated here, he spoke with authority, for his message came straight from the very heart and mind of the Father 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.8.26|AUTODETECT|” John 8:26) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=24.2.13|AUTODETECT|” ), hence also from his own inner being, and from Scripture. They were constantly borrowing from fallible sources, one scribe quoting another scribe. They even prided themselves on never saying anything that was original! They were trying to draw water from broken cisterns. He drew from himself, being the Fountain of living waters 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=24.2.13|AUTODETECT|” Jer. 2:13) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 1 2 8 0 0 33, 34. Now in the synagogue there was a man possessed by a demon, an unclean spirit. In a loud voice he cried out, Ha! Why do you bother us, Jesus of Nazareth? Have you come to destroy us? I know who you are the Holy One of God!) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.40|AUTODETECT|” As is clear from ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.40|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:40) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.41|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.41|AUTODETECT|” 41) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.32-41.1.34|AUTODETECT|” ; cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.32-41.1.34|AUTODETECT|” Mark 1:32 34) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.6.13|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.6.13|AUTODETECT|” 6:13) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 , it is not true that the New Testament writers, in common with all primitive people, ascribed all physical illnesses and abnormalities to the presence and operation of evil spirits. It is contrary to fact that demon-possession is simply another name for insanity or for dissociation. The fact is that according to Scripture a distinct and evil being , foreign to the person possessed, has taken control of that individual. For more on the subject of demon-possession see N.T.C. on Matthew, pp. 436 438; Mark, pp. 64, 65.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.24|AUTODETECT|” Right here in the synagogue, at the top of his voice, the demon, making use of the wretched man s vocal organs, cried out, Ha! By means of this exclamation, found only here in the New Testament, the demon was giving expression to his surprise, disgust, and hostility. He continued, Why do you bother us, Jesus of Nazareth? Literally the question he asked was, What (is there) to us and you, i.e., What have we in common that you would want to have anything to do with us? Why not leave us alone? See also ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.24|AUTODETECT|” Mark 1:24) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.5.7|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.5.7|AUTODETECT|” 5:7) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.8.29|AUTODETECT|” ; cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.8.29|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 8:29) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . Note with us. He seems to realize that what will happen to him is also going to happen to his fellow demons.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.2.23|AUTODETECT|” He calls the One who is about to expel him Jesus of Nazareth, literally, Jesus the Nazarene. Although being brought up in Nazareth spelled humble beginnings, and in the case of Jesus pointed to the Messiah s low estate 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.2.23|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 2:23) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.22.8|AUTODETECT|” ), and Nathanael by asking, Out of Nazareth can any good come? was either moved by town rivalry or more probably was thinking of good things in the Messianic category, yet calling Jesus the Nazarene does not always or necessarily imply disdain. In fact Jesus even uses the term with respect to himself 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.22.8|AUTODETECT|” Acts 22:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.19.10|AUTODETECT|” That the form of address, Jesus of Nazareth, used by the demon, was simply the designation by which Jesus was generally known, and not a title indicating disrespect, is clear also from the added words: Have you come to destroy us? I know who you are the Holy One of God. Have you come can hardly be taken to mean, from Nazareth, for Jesus did not need to come from Nazareth to crush the power of Satan s emissaries. It is best taken to mean Have you come from heaven into the world.& The demon, accordingly, is asking whether the very One who had come to seek and to save the lost 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.19.10|AUTODETECT|” Luke 19:10) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.8.29|AUTODETECT|” ) had also come to destroy the demons, that is, now already 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.8.29|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 8:29) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.20.3|AUTODETECT|” ) to hurl them into the abyss or dungeon where Satan is kept 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.20.3|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 20:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=59.2.19|AUTODETECT|” When the demon declares, I know, he is not telling a lie. There are certain things that are known to the prince of evil and his servants. Moreover, some of this knowledge causes them to tremble, to be frightened, to shudder 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=59.2.19|AUTODETECT|” James 2:19) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=62.3.8|AUTODETECT|” ). They know that for them there is no salvation, only dreadful punishment. The demon is thinking of this very fact, as he realizes that he is at this moment being confronted with his Great Opponent, the very One who came to destroy the works of the devil 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=62.3.8|AUTODETECT|” I John 3:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.24|AUTODETECT|” ), and whom he, again correctly, calls the Holy One of God. He knows that holiness cannot brook sin. A demon & the Holy One of God, what a contrast! In connection with Holy One see also ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.24|AUTODETECT|” Mark 1:24) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.6.69|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.6.69|AUTODETECT|” John 6:69) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.3.7|AUTODETECT|” ; cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.3.7|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 3:7) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.1-23.61.3|AUTODETECT|” . Jesus was holy not only in the sense of being sinless in himself, filled with virtue, and the cause of virtue in others, but specifically also in this sense, that he had been anointed, hence set apart and consecrated for the performance of the most exalted task 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.1-23.61.3|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 61:1 3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.18|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.18|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:18) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.19|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.19|AUTODETECT|” 19) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.19.10|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.19.10|AUTODETECT|” 19:10) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.3.16|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.3.16|AUTODETECT|” John 3:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.36|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.36|AUTODETECT|” 10:36) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.5.21|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.5.21|AUTODETECT|” II Cor. 5:21) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.34|AUTODETECT|” When radicals deny Christ s deity they show less insight than the demons, for the latter are constantly acknowledging it. To be sure, they do not do this in the proper spirit. For reverence they substitute impudence; for joyfulness, bitterness; for gratitude, turpitude. But they do it all the same. They call Jesus the Holy One of God 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.34|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:34) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.8.29|AUTODETECT|” ), the Son of the Most High (8:28), the Son of God 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.8.29|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 8:29) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.41|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.41|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:41) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 2 2 8 0 0 35. But Jesus rebuked him, saying, Be quiet and come out of him! And when the demon had hurled him down into their midst, he came out of him, having done him no harm.) Jesus does not accept acknowledgment coming from a thoroughly corrupt demon. Besides, the demon had no right to interrupt the Lord s teaching. So Jesus issues the terse command, Be quiet and come out. ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.26|AUTODETECT|” The demon obeys immediately. But in leaving he, shrieking wildly, hurls the man into the midst of the assembled congregation, throwing him into convulsions 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.26|AUTODETECT|” Mark 1:26) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ). Luke, being a physician, in fact a beloved one, must have asked his informant(s) whether the demoniac received any injuries as a result of the rough treatment to which he had been subjected. The answer was No, which Luke reports.) 1 2 2 8 0 0 We receive the impression that the expulsion of the evil spirit took but a few moments. The demon, moreover, did not win, not in any sense. Contrast all this with the exhausting, time-consuming ritual and what happened to the priests? as described in W. P. Blatty s The Exorcist.) 36, 37. Amazement seized all, and they kept saying to each other, What kind of message is this? For with authority and power he issues commands to the unclean spirits, and they come out. And the news about him continued to [or: began to] spread to every place of the surrounding region.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.27|AUTODETECT|” Characteristic of the early part of Christ s Great Galilean Ministry is what we read here about the spread of his fame. Not only were Capernaum s people astonished about his teaching, they were amazed about the message emanating from both his teaching and his demon-expulsion. Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.27|AUTODETECT|” Mark 1:27) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . What a contrast between his teaching and that of the scribes, and between his demon-expulsion and that claimed by the exorcists. He did both with authority. ) 1 2 2 8 0 0 In fact, so astounding had been the events that transpired in the synagogue this sabbath that without delay one neighbor was telling another about it, and he still another, etc. The news was too good and too exciting to be confined to Capernaum. It began and continued to spread into every place of the surrounding region.��207��) ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.31-42.4.37|AUTODETECT|” Practical Lessons Derived from ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.31-42.4.37|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:31 37) 1 3 2 8 0 0 Verses 31, 32) He was teaching.& They were astonished. Fine! But astonishment is not enough. Genuine faith is needed.) Verse 33) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.5.8|AUTODETECT|” In the synagogue & a demon. The devil never misses a service. Therefore it is very necessary to heed the admonition of ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.5.8|AUTODETECT|” I Peter 5:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.5.9|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.5.9|AUTODETECT|” 9) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 a.) 1 5 2 8 0 0 Verse 34) I know who you are the Holy One of God! Who is the better theologian: the devil or the radical scholar?) Verses 35, 36) Be quiet and come out of him & he came out. How does Jesus reveal his greatness in this account? By his powerful preaching? By his ever successful, quick and thorough demon-expulsions? These seem to have been the manifestations of Christ s majesty that most deeply impressed the crowds. Were they forgetting about his tender love shown to the demoniac?) Verse 37) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.5.14|AUTODETECT|” The news about him continued to spread. Who were spreading it? Simon, Andrew, James, and John? They alone? Clearly, ever so many individuals who did not belong to the innermost circle of Jesus disciples were also doing the broadcasting. And that is as it should be. See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.5.14|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 5:14) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.2.15|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.2.15|AUTODETECT|” Phil. 2:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 12 2 8 0 0 ) Notes on Greek Words, Phrases, and Constructions in 4:31 37) Verse 31) &� ��, periphrastic imperfect.) Verse 32) ��, third per. pl. imperf. indicat. pass. of ��, to strike out of (one s wits), to astound; passive, to be astonished or astounded, to be struck out (of one s senses). Cf. 2:48; 9:43, etc. Cf. ��, blow, stroke, wound; related is plague.) Verse 33) �� (-��); here gen. (-��), unclean, impure, vicious, evil. Cf. cathartic (purgative), Catherine (pure, virtuous).) Verse 34) �, ah!, ha!, exclamation showing surprise, disgust, hostility. On �� !�� v �� see M. Smith, Notes on Goodspeed s Problems of New Testament Translation, JBL, 64 (1945), pp. 512, 513.) ��, aor. active infinitive of ��, to destroy.) Verse 35) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.35|AUTODETECT|” ��, third per. sing. aor. indicat. of ��. It has the sense rebuke in such passages as here in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.35|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:35) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.39|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.39|AUTODETECT|” 39) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.8.26|AUTODETECT|” ; also in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.8.26|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 8:26) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.16.22|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.16.22|AUTODETECT|” 16:22) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.17.18|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.17.18|AUTODETECT|” 17:18) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.19.13|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.19.13|AUTODETECT|” 19:13) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.9.42|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.9.42|AUTODETECT|” Luke 9:42) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.9.55|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.9.55|AUTODETECT|” 55) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.17.3|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.17.3|AUTODETECT|” 17:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.18.15|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.18.15|AUTODETECT|” 18:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.19.39|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.19.39|AUTODETECT|” 19:39) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.23.40|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.23.40|AUTODETECT|” 23:40) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.12.16|AUTODETECT|” ; but at times means warn 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.12.16|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 12:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.16.20|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.16.20|AUTODETECT|” 16:20) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.3.12|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.3.12|AUTODETECT|” Mark 3:12) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.9.21|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.9.21|AUTODETECT|” Luke 9:21) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.18.39|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.18.39|AUTODETECT|” 18:39) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 3 2 8 0 0 ��, sec. per. s. aor. passive imperative of ��, to muzzle, to silence; passive, to be silent, still, quiet.) �� and ��, nom. s. neut. aor. act. participles, respectively of ��, to hurl, and ��, to hurt.) Verse 36) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.3.10|AUTODETECT|” ��**, also in 5:9; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=44.3.10|AUTODETECT|” Acts 3:10) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 , amazement.) 1 2 2 8 0 0 Is E��, as here used, causal (because, for), declarative (that), consecutive (so that), recitative , or can it be omitted in translation? A. T. Robertson seems to have changed his opinion. Cf. his Translation, pp. 33, 160, with his Word Pictures, Vol. II, p. 160.

If it must be construed as recitative, it would be expected earlier in the sentence. It is perhaps best to regard it as causal, and to render it for, as is done by most translators (A.V., R.S.V., A.R.V., Amplified, N.A.S., Williams, Berkeley, Weymouth, Goodspeed, Dutch [Nieuwe Vertaling, want ], etc.). What we have here is probably an instance of abbreviated expression, discussed in N.T.C. on John, Vol. I, p. 206. Completely expressed, the meaning may well be, What kind of person is this? [We have reason to be astonished] for with authority and power he issues commands to the unclean spirits and they come out. ) Verse 37) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.2.2|AUTODETECT|” &��, also in 21:25; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.2.2|AUTODETECT|” Acts 2:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.12.19|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.12.19|AUTODETECT|” Heb. 12:19) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 , sound, noise, rumor, news. Cf. echo; same base in ��; see the note on 1:4 on page 62.) 1 2 2 8 0 0 ) 4:38 41 The Healing of Simon s Mother-in-law and of Many Others) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.8.14-40.8.17|AUTODETECT|” Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.8.14-40.8.17|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 8:14 17) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.29-41.1.34|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.29-41.1.34|AUTODETECT|” Mark 1:29 34) 1 4 2 8 0 0 38 Jesus left��208�� the synagogue and entered the home of Simon. Now Simon s mother-in-law was in the grip of a high fever,��209�� and they asked Jesus to help her.��210�� 39 Standing over her he rebuked the fever, and it left her. She got up at once and began to wait on them.) 40 And when the sun was setting, all who had (dear ones) sick with diseases of various kinds brought them to him. He was laying his hands on them one by one and curing them. 41 Moreover, demons also were coming out of many, shrieking and saying, You are the Son of God. But rebuking them he was not allowing them to speak, because they knew him to be the Christ.) ) 38, 39. Jesus left the synagogue and entered the home of Simon.

Now Simon s mother-in-law was in the grip of a high fever, and they asked Jesus to help her. Standing over her he rebuked the fever, and it left her. She got up at once and began to wait on them.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.29|AUTODETECT|” From the synagogue Jesus seems to have gone directly to the home of Simon, that is, of Simon and Andrew, as ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.29|AUTODETECT|” Mark 1:29) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 informs us. That same evangelist also reports that James and John entered with Jesus. And from John (1:44) we learn that Simon and Andrew had come from Bethsaida.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=51.4.14|AUTODETECT|” Not only did Simon s mother-in-law have a fever, it was a high fever, as the beloved physician 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=51.4.14|AUTODETECT|” Col. 4:14) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ) tells us. But no matter how high or great the fever, Christ s power and love were always greater.) 1 3 2 8 0 0 Not only did they evidently Simon and Andrew, who lived in this home inform Jesus about her, but as Luke distinctly adds, they asked Jesus to come to her aid.) What must have struck Luke, as a doctor, was that Jesus now placed himself in the position so typical of a physician, namely, he stood over her.) How was the cure brought about? So few are the words devoted to it, so brief is the report, that one cannot help gaining the impression that those who were present when this miracle took place, and most of all the lady who experienced it, must have been overwhelmed by the Savior s majesty. All we read is, he-rebuked the fever, and it-left her (purposely so printed here, to show that in the original only six words are used). It all happened at once: a command to leave, and gone was the fever. The suggestion that the word rebuked implies a personal object, that is, that it was Satan or one of his servants who had caused the fever, is groundless. All we can safely infer is that Christ s power over disease is so great that at his word it must immediately cease to be.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.29|AUTODETECT|” Moreover, the cure was not only sudden, it was also complete. Simon s mother-in-law did not even say, I m rid of the fever, but completely exhausted. Nothing of the kind. On the contrary, one moment, just before Jesus had taken her by the hand and had rebuked the fever, there were still those flushed cheeks, that burning hot skin, profuse sweating, dryness in the throat or else, depending on the kind of fever, there may have been violent shivering the next moment every fever symptom had vanished completely. Not only was the woman s temperature normal but such a surge of new strength was coursing through her entire being that she herself insisted on getting up. In fact, she actually got up and started to perform the duties of a busy hostess. She began to wait on all those present: Jesus, Peter, Andrew, James, John 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.29|AUTODETECT|” Mark 1:29) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ) and perhaps even on her daughter if she too was present, as is probable. Or, mother may have been ably assisting daughter in performing this act of hospitality.) 1 6 2 8 0 0 40, 41. And when the sun was setting, all who had any (dear ones) sick with diseases of various kinds brought them to him. He was laying his hands on them one by one and curing them. Moreover, demons also were coming out of many, shrieking and saying, You are the Son of God. But rebuking them he was not allowing them to speak, because they knew him to be the Christ.) So quickly did the news of these two miracles the expulsion of a demon (verses 31 37), and the cure of Simon s mother-in-law (verses 38, 39) spread, that the people could hardly wait until the sabbath was over. At sunset they came, carrying their sick ones to Jesus.

We may well believe that many of those who brought them were filled with genuine sympathy for their dear ones and hoped fervently that they might be healed.) So great was the crowd that Mark states, And the whole town was gathered at the door [of Simon s house]. Note especially: sick with diseases of various kinds, not just fever.) Luke, as we would expect of this doctor, pictures the procession of the sick being brought one by one to Jesus, who, paying due attention to, and lovingly placing his hands on, each in turn, healed them all. Mark, in harmony with Matthew and Luke, states that Jesus similarly cast out many demons. Matthew adds that it was with a word, namely, the word of effective command, that the evil spirits were driven out (8:16).) Luke adds that in coming out the demons were screaming, You are the Son of God. This reminds us of the synagogue scene (verse 34). But now, too, Jesus immediately rebukes the demons and he even forbids them to say anything further.

Why? The answer may seem somewhat strange, & because they knew him to be the Christ. ) But how could this be a good reason to silence these demons? Many answers have been given.��211�� Probably the most reasonable ones are the following:) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.6.15|AUTODETECT|” a. The demons knew that Jesus was the Messiah. But if the people were to believe this and to act upon it, they might start a movement to make Jesus a king. Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.6.15|AUTODETECT|” John 6:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . And, of course, Jesus does not want this at all.) 1 1 2 8 0 0 b. Closely connected with the first is the reasoning that, due to the expected opposition from the side of Jesus enemies, any public acknowledgment (at this time) of Jesus as the Messiah would in all probability have brought about a premature crisis. Though it is true that Jesus from his throne on high came into this world to die, he must not die immediately but at the appointed time.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.9.9|AUTODETECT|” c. During the period of Jesus humiliation any proclamation of his identity as the Messiah would have been in conflict with the mandate he had to fulfil until the day of his resurrection. This is the position of H. N. Ridderbos, who offers as proof such passages as ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.9.9|AUTODETECT|” Mark 9:9) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.9.30|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.9.30|AUTODETECT|” 30) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.9.31|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.9.31|AUTODETECT|” 31) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 2 2 8 0 0 Which of these three answers is the right one? Is there, perhaps, an element of truth in all three? Or is there still a better answer? Since Jesus himself never gave us any further explanation, it is probably well for us not to delve any more deeply into this subject.��212��) ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.38-42.4.41|AUTODETECT|” Practical Lessons Derived from ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.38-42.4.41|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:38 41) 1 27 2 8 0 0 Verse 38) They asked Jesus to help her. Meaning: to help Simon s mother-in-law.) Happy the home when God is there.) And love fills every breast;) When one their wish and one their prayer,) And one their heav nly rest.) Anonymous) Verse 40) He was laying his hands on them one by one and curing them. Fitting and beautiful in this connection are hymns such as the following:) W. Hunter s The Great Physician ) E. H. Plumptre s Thine Arm, O Lord ) H.

Twell s At Even, When the Sun Was Set ) For titles of a painting, a drawing, and an etching illustrating this theme, see N.T.C. on Matthew, p. 253.) Christ s sympathy was and is deep, effective, personal. Is ours?) Verse 41) Demons also were coming out of many. ) Satan cannot be defeated by denying his existence. Our answer must be:) And though this world, with devils filled) Should threaten to undo us,) We will not fear, for God has willed) His truth to triumph through us, etc.) From Luther s A Mighty Fortress ) ) Notes on Greek Words, Phrases, and Constructions in 4:38 41) Verse 38) ��, nom. sing. masc. 2nd aor. participle of ��. See the note on 1:39 on page 99. Either the word can be omitted in translation, or, if emphasis must be placed on the probability that Jesus had been seated (cf. 4:20), the rendering, And he arose and left, may be adopted.) In verses 38, 39 expressions such as a high fever, standing over her, remind us of the fact that the author of this Gospel was himself a physician. For more on this see Introduction, point I A 4.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.22.63|AUTODETECT|” &� ��, periphrastic passive imperfect of ��. Basically the verb �� means to hold together. It branches off into the following connotations: to hold in custody 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.22.63|AUTODETECT|” Luke 22:63) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.7.57|AUTODETECT|” ); to shut, stop 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.7.57|AUTODETECT|” Acts 7:57) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.8.45|AUTODETECT|” ); to press hard, crowd 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.8.45|AUTODETECT|” Luke 8:45) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.18.5|AUTODETECT|” ); middle and pass.: to be engrossed in 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.18.5|AUTODETECT|” Acts 18:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.1.23|AUTODETECT|” ), to be hard pressed 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.1.23|AUTODETECT|” Phil. 1:23) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.38|AUTODETECT|” ), and here 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.38|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:38) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ) to be in the grip of, to be tormented by.) 1 16 2 8 0 0 ��, fever; cf. ��, fire. Note pyre.) Verse 39) ��, see above, on verse 35.) ��, third per. s. aor. indicat. of ��, a word with a great variety of meanings; such as: to let go, utter, send away, divorce, pardon, release, forgive, stop, abandon, tolerate, permit, allow, and (here) leave. See also the note on 4:18 on page 260; and N.T.C. on Mark, footnote 830 on p. 664.) For ��, see the note on 1:39 on page 99.) ��, inchoative imperfect: she began to wait on them, began to serve. Cf. deacon.) Verses 40, 41) Note the gen. absolute which may be rendered And when the sun was setting. ) �6��, first per. s. and third per. pl. (here the latter) imperfect of ��, to have, hold, etc.) ��, acc. pl. masc. pres. participle of ��, to be infirm, weak, sick. Cf. asthenia (physical weakness), calisthenics (beauty and strength).) ��, nom. s. masc. present active participle (here iterative) of ��.) ��, third per. s. imperf. indicat. act. of ��. See above, under 4:23.) Note the vividly descriptive style.

A series of presents and imperfects, beginning with 4:40b, and continuing into verse 41, pictures what was happening: Jesus was laying (hands) on and curing (people). Demons were coming out, shrieking and saying, etc. They said, You are, etc. He, rebuking, was not allowing, etc. They were being aware that he was (They knew him to be) the Christ.) �4�, third per. s. imperfect of ��, to allow, permit. Though, �� (from �6��) is pluperfect, it has the sense of an imperfect.) ) 4:42 44 Preaching the Good News to Other Towns Also) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.35-41.1.39|AUTODETECT|” Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.35-41.1.39|AUTODETECT|” Mark 1:35 39) 1 2 2 8 0 0 42 At daybreak he left and went to a lonely place. The crowds were looking for him; and when they came to where he was they tried to keep him from leaving them. 43 But he said to them, Also to the other towns I must preach the good news of the kingdom of God, because for this purpose I was sent. 44 So he continued to preach in the synagogues of the country of the Jews.��213��) ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.35|AUTODETECT|” 42a. At daybreak he left and went to a lonely place. Had Jesus spent the night in Peter s home, and did that disciple upon arising discover that the Master had already left? This is possible but we do not know. What we do know is that according to ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.35|AUTODETECT|” Mark 1:35) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.42|AUTODETECT|” , very early while it was still night, that is, still dark, and was just starting to get light 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.42|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:42) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ), Jesus got up, left the house (whether his own or Peter s), and went off to a lonely or deserted spot, a quiet retreat. There, again according to Mark, he poured out his heart in prayer to his heavenly Father.) 1 1 2 8 0 0 42b, 43. The crowds were looking for him; and when they came to where he was they tried to keep him from leaving them. But he said to them, Also to the other towns I must preach the good news of the kingdom of God, because for this purpose I was sent.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.36|AUTODETECT|” According to ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.36|AUTODETECT|” Mark 1:36) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 Simon and those who were with him went in search of Jesus. Luke mentions the crowds as the searching party. Did they perhaps come a little later and, having discovered where Simon had gone, did they then hurry to that same place? Something on this order may well have happened. There is no conflict between Mark and Luke, for even according to Mark (1:37) Simon, having found Jesus, told him, Everybody is looking for you. ) 1 3 2 8 0 0 So happy were the people when the search ended successfully that they tried to keep Jesus from leaving them. They wanted to have him all for themselves!) But Jesus is not going to allow the people in general, or even his own disciples, to tell him what he should do or where he should go. Besides, in his great love he wishes to distribute his favors among the many. To be sure, Capernaum will see him again. It will remain for a while Christ s center of operations, his headquarters. But he does not wish to confine his labors to that one city.

Therefore he says, Also to the other towns I must preach. And what is it he must preach? Answer: the good news of the kingdom of God.) This is the first time the term the kingdom of God appears in Luke s Gospel (see, however, also 1:33). This evangelist uses that term at least thirty times (not counting its seven occurrences in the book of Acts); far more frequently, therefore, than Mark or John. Essentially the same concept occurs also with great frequency in the Gospel According to Matthew, but in slightly different form . See N.T.C. on Matthew, p. 87.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.14.17|AUTODETECT|” Luke speaks about preaching or proclaiming the kingdom of God (4:43; 8:1; 9:2, 60; 16:16), entering it (18:24, 25; 22:18), seeking it (12:31). It is at hand (10:9, 11; cf. 7:28; 17:20, 21); yet in another sense it belongs to the future (13:29; 21:31). It is essentially spiritual 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.14.17|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 14:17) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ), but embraces also the material realm (22:28 30). It is God s gift to his children (12:32).) 1 2 2 8 0 0 Now all these traits become intelligible in the light of the following description:) In its broadest connotation the term the kingdom of God indicates God s kingship, rule or sovereignty, recognized in the hearts and operative in the lives of his people, and effecting their complete salvation, their constitution as a church, and finally a redeemed universe. Note especially the four concepts:) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.17.21|AUTODETECT|” a. God s kingship, rule, or recognized sovereignty. That is probably the meaning in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.17.21|AUTODETECT|” Luke 17:21) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.6.10|AUTODETECT|” , The Kingdom of God is within you and in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.6.10|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 6:10) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 , Thy kingdom come, thy will be done.& ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.18.24|AUTODETECT|” b. Complete salvation, i.e., all the spiritual and material blessings blessings for soul and body which result when God is King in our hearts, recognized and obeyed as such. That is the meaning, according to the context, in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.18.24|AUTODETECT|” Luke 18:24) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.20.25|AUTODETECT|” c. The church: the community of men in whose hearts God is recognized as King. Note the close connection between Kingdom and church in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.20.25|AUTODETECT|” Acts 20:25) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.20.28|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.20.28|AUTODETECT|” 28) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.16.18|AUTODETECT|” ; cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.16.18|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 16:18) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.16.19|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.16.19|AUTODETECT|” 19) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.22.30|AUTODETECT|” d. The redeemed universe: the new heaven and earth with all their glory; something still future: the final realization of God s saving power. Thus in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.22.30|AUTODETECT|” Luke 22:30) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.25.34|AUTODETECT|” ; cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.25.34|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 25:34) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 , & inherit the kingdom prepared for you.& ) 1 6 2 8 0 0 These four concepts are not separate and unrelated. They all proceed from the central idea of the reign of God, his supremacy in the sphere of saving power. The kingdom or kingship (the Greek word has both meanings) of heaven is like a gradually developing mustard seed.) Jesus spoke of the work of salvation as the kingdom or reign of God or of heaven in order to indicate the supernatural character, origin, and purpose of our salvation. Our salvation begins in heaven and should redound to the glory of the Father in heaven. Hence, by using this term Christ defended the truth, so precious to all believers, that everything is subservient to God s glory.) Jesus, then, tells those who had gathered around him that he must proclaim this good news of the reign of God not only to Capernaum but also to the other cities. He adds, because for this purpose I was sent. ) In many passages Jesus, while on earth, emphasized that he had been sent.

In Luke see also 4:18; 9:48; 10:16; in John: 5:30; 6:38; 8:42; 9:4; 17:18, to mention only a few. This implies that whenever Jesus speaks he does so with divine authority. Whoever accepts him accepts the Father; whoever rejects him rejects the Father!) 44. So he continued to preach in the synagogues of the country of the Jews.) a. Jesus continued to preach. Proclaiming the glad tidings that the kingdom and all its blessings are God s free gift, and setting forth the responsibilities devolving upon the recipients were his joy.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.*?id=45.10.14|AUTODETECT|”
Luke mentions only preaching. Mark also mentions casting out demons. Though neither Mark nor Luke refers to healings, they may well be suggested by demon-expulsions. But it must be borne in mind that preaching was, after all, the main thing. It was the message that must be accepted unto salvation. So Luke mentions that! See ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=45.10.14|AUTODETECT|”
Rom. 10:14) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=45.10.15|AUTODETECT|”
, ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=45.10.15|AUTODETECT|”
15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=55.4.1|AUTODETECT|”
; and see N.T.C. on ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=55.4.1|AUTODETECT|”
II Tim. 4:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=55.4.2|AUTODETECT|”
, ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=55.4.2|AUTODETECT|”
2) 1 1 -1 9 0 0
.) 1 1 2 8 0 0
b. He preached in the synagogues. See N.T.C. on Mark, pp. 74 76.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.*?id=41.1.39|AUTODETECT|”
c. Note of the country of the Jews. Literally of Judea. The parallel passage 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=41.1.39|AUTODETECT|”
Mark 1:39) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=40.4.23-40.4.25|AUTODETECT|”
; and cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=40.4.23-40.4.25|AUTODETECT|”
Matt. 4:23 25) 1 1 -1 9 0 0
) pictures Jesus as going throughout all Galilee. Solution: the term Judea must be taken in the broader sense as indicating the country inhabited by the Jews. The preaching tour probably covered a portion of Galilee. Note preceding context. On this see also the note on 4:44 on page 275.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.*?id=23.9.1|AUTODETECT|”
The prophecy of ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=23.9.1|AUTODETECT|”
Isa. 9:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=23.9.2|AUTODETECT|”
, ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=23.9.2|AUTODETECT|”
2) 1 1 -1 9 0 0
was being gloriously fulfilled!��214��) 1 1 2 8 0 0
) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.*?id=42.4.42-42.4.44|AUTODETECT|”
Practical Lesson Derived from ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=42.4.42-42.4.44|AUTODETECT|”
Luke 4:42 44) 1 2 2 8 0 0
Verses 42 44) They tried to keep him from leaving them.& Also to the other towns I must preach.& So he continued to preach. ) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.*?id=32.4.5|AUTODETECT|”
These people were of the opinion that in order to enjoy God s gifts they must keep them all to themselves! They remind us of Jonah, who made himself comfortable that he might see what would become of Nineveh 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=32.4.5|AUTODETECT|”
Jonah 4:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 0
). Note God s answer in verses 10, 11.) 1 1 2 8 0 0
Why is the Dead Sea dead, and why is the Sea of Galilee alive?) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.*?id=1.22.18|AUTODETECT|”
A good hymn in this connection is F. R. Havergal s Tell It Out. As to relevant Bible passages, see especially ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=1.22.18|AUTODETECT|”
Gen. 22:18) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=19.72.8|AUTODETECT|”
; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=19.72.8|AUTODETECT|”
Ps. 72:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=19.87.0|AUTODETECT|”
; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=19.87.0|AUTODETECT|”
87) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=23.54.2|AUTODETECT|”
; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=23.54.2|AUTODETECT|”
Isa. 54:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=23.54.3|AUTODETECT|”
, ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=23.54.3|AUTODETECT|”
3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=23.60.1-23.60.3|AUTODETECT|”
; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=23.60.1-23.60.3|AUTODETECT|”
60:1 3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=40.16.25|AUTODETECT|”
; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=40.16.25|AUTODETECT|”
Matt. 16:25) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=40.20.28|AUTODETECT|”
; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=40.20.28|AUTODETECT|”
20:28) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=40.28.19|AUTODETECT|”
; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=40.28.19|AUTODETECT|”
28:19) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=43.3.16|AUTODETECT|”
; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=43.3.16|AUTODETECT|”
John 3:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=43.10.16|AUTODETECT|”
; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=43.10.16|AUTODETECT|”
10:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=44.1.8|AUTODETECT|”
; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=44.1.8|AUTODETECT|”
Acts 1:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 0
.) 1 7 2 8 0 0
) Notes on Greek Words, Phrases, and Constructions in 4:42 44) Verse 42) The sentence begins with another gen. absolute (cf. the beginning of verse 40), literally Day having arrived, that is, As day broke, or At daybreak. ) ��, deserted, lonely, solitary, desolate. Cf. hermit.) ��, to keep or restrain. The redundant negative (��) can be understood in the light of abbreviated expression: They tried to restrain him so that he would not go away from them. ) As to the word �� itself, it is made up of �� and ��. Included in the meanings of the prefix are: down, down on, against, toward. The verb �� means to have, to hold. It is with Greek as with English: we speak of holding the tongue, that is, restraining it; of holding down, that is, suppressing; of holding toward, that is, making for; of holdings, that is, possessions; and of holding the line, that is, clinging to a course of action or conduct. The verb �� has all these same meanings:) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.*?id=42.4.42|AUTODETECT|”
(a) to keep from, restrain 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=42.4.42|AUTODETECT|”
Luke 4:42) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=53.2.6|AUTODETECT|”
; also ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=53.2.6|AUTODETECT|”
II Thess. 2:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=53.2.7|AUTODETECT|”
, ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=53.2.7|AUTODETECT|”
7) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=45.1.18|AUTODETECT|”
); (b) to hold down or suppress 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=45.1.18|AUTODETECT|”
Rom. 1:18) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=45.7.6|AUTODETECT|”
; cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=45.7.6|AUTODETECT|”
Rom. 7:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=44.27.40|AUTODETECT|”
); (c) to hold toward or make for 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=44.27.40|AUTODETECT|”
Acts 27:40) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=42.14.9|AUTODETECT|”
); (d) to take and keep, get possession of 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=42.14.9|AUTODETECT|”
Luke 14:9) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=57.1.13|AUTODETECT|”
; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=57.1.13|AUTODETECT|”
Philem. 13) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=46.7.30|AUTODETECT|”: cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.7.30|AUTODETECT|” I Cor. 7:30) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.6.10|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.6.10|AUTODETECT|” II Cor. 6:10) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.8.15|AUTODETECT|” ); (e) We should keep clinging to or holding on to that which we have 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.8.15|AUTODETECT|” Luke 8:15) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.11.2|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.11.2|AUTODETECT|” I Cor. 11:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.15.2|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.15.2|AUTODETECT|” 15:2) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=52.5.21|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=52.5.21|AUTODETECT|” I Thess. 5:21) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.3.6|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.3.6|AUTODETECT|” Heb. 3:6) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.3.14|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=58.3.14|AUTODETECT|”

1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.10.23|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.10.23|AUTODETECT|” 10:23) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ).) 1 1 2 8 0 0 Verse 43) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.4|AUTODETECT|” ��v & ��; lit. Also to the other towns it is necessary that the good news of the kingdom of God be proclaimed by me. With I must preach cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.4.4|AUTODETECT|” John 4:4) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.9.4|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.9.4|AUTODETECT|” 9:4) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.16|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.16|AUTODETECT|” 10:16) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . It would seem that there is not a great difference between John and the Synoptics after all.) 1 3 2 8 0 0 ��, first per. s. 2nd aor. pass. indicat. of ��. Cf. apostle.) Verse 44) &� ��, third per. s. periphrastic imperfect.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.26.20|AUTODETECT|” �� 8��. Though this reading is probably correct, rather than �� , here as in 1:5 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.26.20|AUTODETECT|” Acts 26:20) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.7.17|AUTODETECT|” ) the wider meaning must be accepted, according to the context. It is definitely a day in Capernaum that is here described. See verses 31, 38, 42. Cf. L.N.T. (A. and G.), p. 379; A. T. Robertson, Translation, p. 162; Beck; N.E.B. footnote. Other passages in which the possibility should be considered that the term Judea may have the wider meaning Palestine, the country of the Jews are ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.7.17|AUTODETECT|” Luke 7:17) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.23.5|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.23.5|AUTODETECT|” 23:5) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.10.37|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.10.37|AUTODETECT|” Acts 10:37) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.11.1|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.11.1|AUTODETECT|” 11:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.11.29|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.11.29|AUTODETECT|”
1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=52.2.14|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=52.2.14|AUTODETECT|” I Thess. 2:14) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 .) 1 7 2 8 0 0 Summary of Chapter 4:14 44) The Beginning of The Great Galilean Ministry (verses 14, 15). Between Christ s baptism and temptation, on the one hand, and his arrival in Galilee, on the other, about a year may have elapsed, spent mostly in Judea. Then Jesus returned to Galilee, where he had spent most of his life. He began to teach the people. This teaching was:) a. Spirit-endowed, for so was the Teacher;) b. widely advertised;) c. synagogue-centered; and) d. popular .) The Rejection of Jesus at Nazareth (verses 16 30). It is possible that Luke in his Gospel gives such an early place to this account because what happened here was typical of what was going to occur in general during Christ s work on earth: first, astonishment and approval; later, doubt and rejection.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.1|AUTODETECT|” In Nazareth s synagogue Jesus reads ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.1|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 61:1) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.2|AUTODETECT|” , ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.61.2|AUTODETECT|”
1 1 -1 9 0 0 a: The Spirit of the Lord (is) upon me, because he has anointed me to proclaim good news to the poor & to the captives release, etc. Having rolled up the scroll and returned it to the attendant, he told the people, Today, in your very hearing, this passage of Scripture has been fulfilled. The audience reacted with amazement and approval. Upon further reflection, however, the people began to have their doubts. Good news to the poor, to the captives release, to the blind recovery of sight, etc. all this was fine. They liked it!

But what did the speaker mean when he said that in their very hearing this passage of Scripture was being fulfilled? Did he actually mean that somehow the blessings of the Messianic Age were linked up with him? Isn t this Joseph s son? We know him. He grew up among us. Besides, why doesn t he do here, in our own presence, what he is reported to have done in Capernaum?

Why doesn t he show us some of his miracles?) 1 5 2 8 0 0 Jesus, in resuming his address, tells the audience that hometown and even Jewish nationality have nothing to do with the distribution of divine favors and privileges. God is sovereign. Whether the place happens to be Capernaum or Nazareth, the nationality Jewish or non-Jewish, is not at all the question. During the days of Elijah, when there was a severe famine, the prophet was sent to a widow of Zarephath, though there were many widows in Israel. And at the time of Elisha, Naaman the Syrian was cleansed, though there were many lepers in Israel.) On hearing this, the people in the synagogue became so angry that they drove Jesus out of town and pushed him to the brow of the hill on which their town was built. They intended to hurl him down headlong.

But he walked right through their midst and went on his way.) The Healing of a Man with an Unclean Spirit (verses 31 37). In the synagogue at Capernaum Jesus teaches. The people are amazed at the content and the method of his teaching. In the synagogue that sabbath there was a man with an unclean spirit. Ha! Why do you bother us? asked the demon, making use of the man s vocal organs.

Have you come to destroy us? The evil spirit seemed to fear that even now Jesus would hurl him and his fellow demons into the place where Satan is kept. Jesus commanded the demon to leave the man. Hurling him down into the midst of the people, the demon came out, without injuring the man. Reaction on the part of the synagogue audience to Christ s teaching and demon-expulsion in the synagogue: utter amazement. And the news about Jesus continued to spread.) The Healing of Simon s Mother-in-law and of Many Others (verses 38 41).

Simon s mother-in-law, who lived in his home, was in the grip of a high fever (thus Dr. Luke). So, those in that home asked Jesus to come to the rescue. Jesus came and, as a doctor would do, he stood over her. Next, Jesus did something no doctor on earth could have done: he rebuked the fever and it left her. So completely restored was she that she even started to wait on all those who were gathered in Simon s home.) In view of what had already happened in the synagogue and in Simon s home it is not strange that at sunset not before; it was the sabbath! ever so many people brought their sick relatives, neighbors, and friends to Jesus.

He healed all; not in the mass, however, but by bestowing personal attention on each in turn. He also expelled the demons. As they were leaving, they shrieked, You are the Son of God. Jesus, for reasons of his own but see comments on this prevented them from saying anything further. He knew that they knew him to be the Messiah . For good reasons, he did not want this fact to be published at this particular time, especially not by demons!) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.35|AUTODETECT|” Preaching the Good News to Other Towns Also (verses 42 44). It is not surprising that after such a strenuous day Jesus felt the need of quiet communion with his Father 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.1.35|AUTODETECT|” Mark 1:35) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 ). Therefore at daybreak he left and went to a lonely place. The crowd including Simon, perhaps preceded by him went out to look for him. When they found him, they tried to prevent him from leaving them. But he said, Also to the other towns I must preach the good news of the kingdom of God. He started to do just that.) 1 9 2 8 0 0 ) ) ) ) 190 Literally: led about by the Spirit in the wilderness forty days being tempted by the devil.) 191 Or: became.) 192 Or: if you ll kneel before me.) N.T.C. W. Hendriksen, New Testament Commentary) A.R.V. American Standard Revised Version) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.6.13|AUTODETECT|” 193 Although the words of Jesus are not a precise rendering of any single passage either in the original Hebrew or in the Septuagint, yet they are certainly in complete harmony with the sense of both, for in both occur the following passages: Jehovah your God you shall fear, and him you shall serve & 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.6.13|AUTODETECT|” Deut. 6:13) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.5.9|AUTODETECT|” ), followed by verse 14, You shall not go after other gods ; You shall not worship them [i.e., graven images] or serve them; for I, Jehovah your God, am a jealous God 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.5.9|AUTODETECT|” Deut. 5:9) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.4.29|AUTODETECT|” ); to this may be added: And from there you will seek Jehovah your God and will find him if you search for him with all your heart and with all your soul 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.4.29|AUTODETECT|” Deut. 4:29) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.8|AUTODETECT|” ). Although the word only 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.8|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=9.7.3|AUTODETECT|” ) occurs in none of these passages, yet in each case it is clearly implied: in the first two instances because of the context; in the last, because of the phrase, with all your heart and & soul. The word only does, however, occur in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=9.7.3|AUTODETECT|” I Sam. 7:3) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.8|AUTODETECT|” . This too may have influenced ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.8|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.8|AUTODETECT|” . Note the same sequence worship & serve in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.4.8|AUTODETECT|” Luke 4:8) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.5.9|AUTODETECT|” as in ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.5.9|AUTODETECT|” Deut. 5:9) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 . Besides, Christ s You shall worship the Lord your God is a direct response to Satan s Worship me. ) 1 10 2 8 0 0 194 S.BK., Vol. I, p. 151.) A.V. Authorized Version (King James)) 195 Notes on Greek words, phrases, and constructions in 4:1 13 begin on page 241.) 196 Or: He himself.) 197 Notes on Greek words, phrases, and constructions in 4:14, 15 begin on this page.) 198 Or: the acceptable year of the Lord.) 199 S.BK., Vol. II, p. 156, indicates that the Major Prophets were written both on separate scrolls and combined on one scroll. The same reference indicates that the reader stood and the preacher sat.) 200 See Brown-Driver-Briggs, op. cit., p. 824.) 201 Those who believe that Luke has reported the entire passage read by Jesus a possibility that must be granted face the question, Why did Jesus not continue reading, that is, why did he not also read Isaiah s words, and the day of vengeance of our God ? Whoever says, as is sometimes done, that the Master left off where he did because he wanted his message to be one of comfort is forgetting that the vengeance of which Isaiah speaks was meant not for Zion but for Zion s enemies.

As to the question itself, so many possible answers suggest themselves that it is better not to speculate as to why Jesus stopped here.) 202 See N. B. Stonehouse, The Witness of Luke, p. 75.) 1 1 2 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.15.21-40.15.28|AUTODETECT|” 203 Cf. ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.15.21-40.15.28|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 15:21 28) 1 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.7.24-41.7.30|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 7 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.7.24-41.7.30|AUTODETECT|” Mark 7:24 30) 1 1 -1 9 0 0 for another manifestation of God s mercy through Christ to be bestowed on a woman living in that general region.) 1 17 2 8 0 0 204 Notes on Greek words, phrases, and constructions in 4:16 30 begin on page 260.) L.N.T. (Th.) Thayer s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament) Th.D.N.T. Theological Dictionary of the New Testament, edited by G. Kittel and G. Friedrich, and translated from the German by G. W. Bromiley) 205 Literally: a man with a spirit of an unclean demon.) 206 Or: began to.) 207 Notes on Greek words, phrases, and constructions in 4:31 37 begin on this page.) JBL Journal of Biblical Literature) R.S.V.

Revised Standard Version) 208 Or: And he arose and left.) 209 Or: was suffering from a severe attack of fever.) 210 Or: and they asked Jesus about her; or: and they made request to Jesus for her.) 211 See especially, H. N. Ridderbos, Zelfopenbaring en Zelfverberging, Kampen, 1946, pp. 70 87.) 212 Notes on Greek words, phrases, and constructions in 4:38 41 begin on page 271.) 213 Literally: of Judea, but see the explanation. Another reading has: of Galilee.) 214 Notes on Greek words, phrases, and constructions in 4:42 44 begin on this page.) L.N.T. (A. and G.) W. F. Arndt and F.

W. Gingrich, A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature) N.E.B. New English Bible)

New Testament Commentary (Baker)

William Hendriksen (1900–1982) was a Dutch-American Reformed theologian and professor at Calvin Theological Seminary. His New Testament Commentary series, later completed by Simon J. Kistemaker, covers the entire New Testament and is one of the most highly regarded Reformed commentary sets of the …

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Old Testament

New Testament

MAT MRK LUK JHN ACT ROM 1CO 2CO GAL EPH PHP COL 1TH 2TH 1TI 2TI TIT PHM HEB JAS 1PE 2PE 1JN 2JN 3JN JUD REV

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