2 Peter 1:3–4 — Through Knowing Christ — « Leader information shown in this fashion »
A. Christ’s Gifts: 2 Peter 1:3a
1. various translations of the first part of this verse …
a. AV – According as his divine power hath given unto us all things that pertain unto life and godliness …
b. NAS – seeing that His divine power has granted to us everything pertaining to life and godliness, …
c. NIV – His divine power has given us everything we need for life and godliness …
d. J. B. Phillips – He has by his own action given us everything that is necessary for living the truly good life, …
e. NLT – As we know Jesus better, His divine power gives us everything we need for living a godly life. …
2. “his” – looking back we see this refers to « … Jesus, the Lord of us »
3. “divine” – this is the same word as that for « “God” but changed into an adjective; it is the power Jesus Christ possesses as God »
4. “power” – there are three common words for power in the NT
a. there is kratos which is R « uling » _______ power
b. there is exousia which is the power of A « uthority » _________
c. here it is dynamis, which is the power to D « o » ___ things!
5. “all things” – what restriction is there on these? « — they are limited to those which will accomplish what follows for us. »
6. “life” – what kind of life is under consideration here? « — eternal or spiritual, not mere physical, life »
7. “godliness” – this word is a compound of the prefix “eu” meaing “well” and a word meaning worship; it is sometimes also translated “piety;” given the other translations plus such verses as Ephesians 2:10 and James 2:18, what do you think that this means? « — it is the change in life that gives evidence that our faith is genuine, saving faith »
B. The Conduit: 2 Peter 1:3b
1. various translations of the second part of this verse …
a. AV(KJV) – … through the knowledge of him that hath called us to glory and virtue:
b. NAS – … through the true knowledge of Him who called us by His own glory and excellence.
c. NIV – … through our knowledge of him who called us by his own glory and goodness.
d. J. B. Phillips – … in allowing us to know the one who has called us to him, through his own glorious goodness.
e. NLT – … He has called us to receive His own glory and goodness!
2. « » “through” – such a common word, but what does it mean? — « grammatically it is the instrument, the efficient or intermediate cause; practically speaking in this context, it is the “conduit” through which God has chosen to effect some purpose He has »
3. “knowledge” – that conduit is fully or truly knowing? « … the One who has called, summoned, invited us »
4. “to” or “by” – the original Greek can be read two ways;
a. “to” is consistent with 1 Peter 5:10 which implie « s — what is God’s purpose or destiny for us … see 2 Thessalonians 2:14 »
b. “by” is perhaps more consistent with the Greek and implies « — the accomplishment of our salvation represents glory to God … see Romans 15:7, Phlippians 2:11 »
5. “glory” – to God is the whole object of our … « salvation, worship »
6. “virtue” – is excellence, especially moral excellence, and is shown in the power of God that accomplishes our salvation
C. The Promises: 2 Peter 1:4a
1. various translations of the first part of this verse …
a. AV(KJV) – Whereby are given unto us exceeding great and precious promises: …
b. NAS – For by these He has granted to us His precious and magnificent promises, …
c. NIV – Through these he has given us his very great and precious promises, …
d. J. B. Phillips – It is through this generosity that God’s greatest and most precious promises have become available to us men, …
e. NLT – And by that same mighty power, He has given us all of His rich and wonderful promises. …
2. “whereby” – this is literally “through (or by) which things” – you will see in the various translations a doubt as to which things are in view; what are the possibilities?
a. NLT takes it to be « — the power that gives us all things, v. 3 »
b. Philips takes to be — « God’s generosity in giving “all things” »
c. the other translations are not specific, but the major two other possibilities are
(A) near reference « — God’s glory and excellence »
(B) far reference « — my preference (sustained by the syntax and consistent with what follows): part of the “all things” »
d. so, perhaps you see the danger of idea based translation (or paraphrasing) … feeling the need to particularize what the Bible leaves non-specific
3. “are given” – the perfect passive, which means « — the action is completed but the result still stands »
4. “precious” – this is what comes first in the valuable, usually money; is that in view here? Why or why not?
5. “exceeding great” – the superlative degree of “great” … these are the greatest!
6. “promises” – these are described in the next part of the verse — « comes from the middle voice of verb to announce; the action is directed at both the subject and object of the verb which tells us that God, by promising, binds Himself to deliver »
D. The Purpose: 2 Peter 1:4b
1. various translations of the second part of this verse …
a. AV(KJV) – … that by these ye might be partakers of the divine nature, having escaped the corruption that is in the world through lust.
b. NAS – … in order that by them you might become partakers of the divine nature, having escaped the corruption that is in the world by lust.
c. NIV – … so that through them you may participate in the divine nature and escape the corruption in the world caused by evil desires.
d. J. B. Phillips – … making it possible for you to escape the inevitable disintegration that lust produces in the world and to share in God’s essential nature.
e. NLT – … He has promised that you will escape the decadence all around you caused by evil desires and that you will share His divine nature.
2. “by these” – by what? « — the promises just mentioned »
3. « » “partakers” – which means (see other translations) « — those who share »
4. “divine nature” – the same word divine as used in verse 3;
a. what promise does this fulfil? « — consider Ezekiel 36:26–27 »
b. how is it effected at this very instant? « – 1 Corinthians 3:16 »
5. “having escaped … “ – “being fled from” … this points to a single past action where release was realized … the time when the Holy Spirit regenerated us (the Titus 3:5 point)
a. from what? « — the corruption or decadence resulting from evil desires … from lusts »
b. what promise does this fulfil? « — consider Ezekiel 37:27 »
c. how is it effected in the believer? « – 2 Corinthians 6:16–7:1 »