Acts 9:1–19a — “Saul’s Conversion” (outline by F. F. Bruce, NICNT) « Leader information shown in this fashion »
{A.} The Birth of the Church (1:1–5:42)
{B.} Persecution and Expansion (6:1–9:31)
{1.} Stephen (6:1–8:1a)
{2.} Philip (8:1b–40)
A. Persecution & Dispersion (8:1b–3)
B. Philip in Samaria (8:4–8)
C. Simon Magus Believes (8:9–13)
D. Peter and John Visit Samaria (8:14–17)
E. Peter and Simon Magus (8:18–24)
F. The Apostles Return to Jerusalem (8:25)
G. Philip and the Ethiopian (8:26–40)
{3.} Conversion of Saul of Tarsus (9:1–31)
A. Saul’s Expedition to Damascus 9:1–2 (NKJV)
1. 1 Then Saul, still breathing threats and murder against the disciples of the Lord, went to the high priest 2 and asked letters from him to the synagogues of Damascus, so that if he found any who were of the Way, whether men or women, he might bring them bound to Jerusalem.
2. Right of extradition by high priest dates back to 2nd century B.C. (an example found in 1 Maccabees 15:21), confirmed by Julius Caesar (BC 47; Antiquities 14:10:2) « — also, comment on Damascus (cf Gen 14:15) and Aram (Syria) the home (in Nahor) where Abram dwelt (Deuteronomy 26:5) and the languages of the Old Testament: Aramaic (spoken in Assyrian, Babylonian, and Persian-Median Empires; found in some chapters in Daniel et alii, used in Jesus’ day, a parent language of …) and Hebrew »
3. How had the church been prepared for Saul / Paul? « — the Holy Spirit to help it answer rulers; the persecution driving them out on the great commission; the conversion of Samaritans, them of a proselyte, heads to gospel for Gentiles, Paul’s apostleship »
4. How had Saul / Paul been prepared for the gospel? « — Stephen’s testimony including their guilty status and of Jesus’ exaltation »
5. What led Saul to harry Christians (Acts 26:11, Romans 10:2)? « — exceeding anger against them; misguided zeal »
6. What title is applied to Christianity? … what is its basis? (See Acts 16:17, 18:25-26) « — “the Way” first because Jesus is the Way, then the message is the Way of Life, or of God, or of Salvation »
B. The Light and Voice from Heaven 9:3–7 (NKJV)
1. 3 As he journeyed he came near Damascus, and suddenly a light shone around him from heaven. 4 Then he fell to the ground, and heard a voice saying to him, “Saul, Saul, why are you persecuting Me?” 5 And he said, “Who are You, Lord?” Then the Lord said, “I am Jesus, whom you are persecuting. It is hard for you to kick against the goads.” 6 So he, trembling and astonished, said, “Lord, what do You want me to do?” Then the Lord said to him, “Arise and go into the city, and you will be told what you must do.” 7 And the men who journeyed with him stood speechless, hearing a voice but seeing no one.
2. Acts 26:14 tells us this speech was “in the Hebrew dialect” which in the New Testament refers to the current Jewish Aramaic. The later testimonies in Acts 22 & 26 naturally constitute a personal account while this is more that of a third party.
3. What are the implications of Jesus’ first question to Saul? « — (1) Jesus is with His people (2) the Head feels the pain in the body (3) attacks on the body are attacks upon its Head »
4. There have been attempts to explain this medically as a nervous condition resulting in light sensitivity and temporary blindness. What do any such attempts fail to resolve (2 Corinthians 4:4–6, Philippians 3:7)? « — the radical 180° change in Saul/Paul from persecuting antagonist to suffering defender of the Way; with a change in will, thought, love which dictated the rest of his life. »
5. Consider Saul’s response to the first question, with Galatians 1:16, 1 Corinthians 15:8, 9:1, Ezekiel 1:26, Acts 9:17, 27; what did Saul now recognize that was previously hidden from him? « — the majestic place of Jesus of Nazareth testified by Stephen »
6. What did Saul’s fellow-travellers experience (see also Acts 22:9)? « — they saw the light (but were not illuminated to the truth as was Saul); a careful comparison of the Greek shows they heard the voice (as a sound, cf John 12:29) but not as the “speaking words voice” that Paul heard. »
7. Quotation from The Sadhu (London, 1921), B.H. Streeter and A. J. Appasamy « — see The Book of Acts, F.F. Bruce, NICNT, p. 184 »
8. George Lyttelton (1747): “The conversion and apostleship of St. Paul alone, duly considered, was of itself a demonstration sufficient to prove Christianity to be a divine revelation.”
C. Saul Enters Damascus 9:8–9 (NKJV)
1. 8 Then Saul arose from the ground, and when his eyes were opened he saw no one. But they led him by the hand and brought him into Damascus. 9 And he was three days without sight, and neither ate nor drank.
2. Describe Saul’s state! « — all of his theological training, his correct Pharasaic understanding of the Torah and other Scriptures has received a celestial beating; he is physically without sight; he is shocked in mind (and body, needing to get up from the ground and be led, unable to eat or drink). »
3. How did Saul’s experience resemble that in
a. Ezekiel 1:28, 3:15 (context is 1:1–3:15) « — a vision of the glory of God leaves Ezekiel totally astonished »
b. Daniel 10:7–11 (context is 10:1–21)? « — only Daniel, and not his companions, saw the vision; he was physically stricken »
4. What do we learn about God in this? « — He is Awesome »
D. Ananaias Sent to Saul 9:10–16 (NKJV)
1. 10 Now there was a certain disciple at Damascus named Ananias; and to him the Lord said in a vision, “Ananias.” And he said, “Here I am, Lord.” 11 So the Lord said to him, “Arise and go to the street called Straight, and inquire at the house of Judas for one called Saul of Tarsus, for behold, he is praying. 12 And in a vision he has seen a man named Ananias coming in and putting his hand on him, so that he might receive his sight.” 13 Then Ananias answered, “Lord, I have heard from many about this man, how much harm he has done to Your saints in Jerusalem. 14 And here he has authority from the chief priests to bind all who call on Your name.” 15 But the Lord said to him, “Go, for he is a chosen vessel of Mine to bear My name before Gentiles, kings, and the children of Israel. 16 For I will show him how many things he must suffer for My name’s sake.”
2. What do you discover of Ananias’ character?
a. Verse 10 « — recognized the Lord; responded with obedience »
b. Verse 13 « — close enough relationship to God to raise question »
c. Acts 22:12 « — deservedly good reputation among the Jews »
3. Straight street, Darb al-Mustaqim, is still a main thoroughfare
4. How was Saul spending his 3 days of blindness? « — praying to the Lord newly-revealed to him and receiving an answer from Him »
5. Ananias’ qualms were answered by Jesus’ purpose for Saul; what was this? « — bearing Jesus’ name to the three groups who had rejected Him and consigned Him to an unjust execution »
6. What marks out “saints” in Ananias’ words (Joel 2:32, Acts 2:21)? « — “saints” is the common New Testament designation of believers (especially by Paul) consisting of those invoking Jesus’ name in saving faith (”brethren” is the second such designation) »
7. When the Lord choses servants, what should their expectation be (John 15:20)? « — it is a privileged position, but being identified with the Lord Jesus Christ involves participation in His sufferings (Philippians 3:10) »
E. Ananias Visits Saul 9:17–19a (NKJV)
1. 17 And Ananias went his way and entered the house; and laying his hands on him he said, “Brother Saul, the Lord Jesus, who appeared to you on the road as you came, has sent me that you may receive your sight and be filled with the Holy Spirit.” 18 Immediately there fell from his eyes something like scales, and he received his sight at once; and he arose and was baptized. 19 So when he had received food, he was strengthened. …
2. How did Ananias demonstrate his trust in Jesus’ words? « — (1) he went (2) he addressed Saul as “brother” not as an enemy; even as a fellow believer (3) he expressed his mission as from Jesus »
3. What information does Paul add in his testimony in Acts 22:13ff? « — (1) Paul’s divine election (2) Paul’s mission (3) Paul’s need to confess Jesus’ name and saving power in baptism »
4. There has always been some dialogue as to whether Paul was fasting for these three days or was his not eating the result of the traumatic experience that he had had; it is doubtful if a final answer can be given. What were the major effects on Paul of Ananias’ visit? « — (1) restored sight (2) baptism (3) power of the Holy Spirit (4) answer to his prayers (5) renewed physical vigour »