1 Chronicles 15:21 — Word Study
WLCוּמַתִּתְיָ֣הוּ וֶאֱלִֽיפְלֵ֗הוּ וּמִקְנֵיָ֙הוּ֙ וְעֹבֵ֣ד אֱדֹ֔ם וִֽיעִיאֵ֖ל וַעֲזַזְיָ֑הוּ בְּכִנֹּר֥וֹת עַל־ הַשְּׁמִינִ֖ית לְנַצֵּֽחַ׃
BSAAnd MattithiahMattithyâh [gift of Jehovah] EliphelehuʼĔlîyphᵉlêhûw MikneiahMiqnêyâhûw Obed-edomʻÔbêd ʼĔdôwm JeielYᵉʻîyʼêl and AzaziahʻĂzazyâhûw were to lead the musicnâtsach [to conduct, oversee] with lyreskinnôwr [harp, stringed instrument] according toʻal [on, in harmony with] Sheminithshᵉmîynîyth [an eight-stringed instrument, octave]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וּמַתִּתְיָ֣הוּ | and Mattithiah | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| וֶאֱלִֽיפְלֵ֗הוּ | and Eliphelehu | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| וּמִקְנֵיָ֙הוּ֙ | and Mikneiah | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| וְעֹבֵ֣ד | and Obed- | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| אֱדֹ֔ם | Edom | Noun proper masculine |
| וִֽיעִיאֵ֖ל | and Jeiel | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| וַעֲזַזְיָ֑הוּ | and Azaziah | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| בְּכִנֹּר֥וֹת | with harps | Preposition, noun common feminine plural absolute |
| עַל־ | on | Preposition |
| הַשְּׁמִינִ֖ית | the sheminith | Particle |
| לְנַצֵּֽחַ׃ | to act as overseers | Preposition, verb piel infinitive construct common |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | And Mattithiah, Eliphelehu, Mikneiah, Obed-edom, Jeiel, and Azaziah were to lead the music with lyres according to Sheminith. |
| KJV | And Mattithiah, and Elipheleh, and Mikneiah, and Obed-edom, and Jeiel, and Azaziah, with harps on the Sheminith to excel. |
| ASV | and Mattithiah, and Eliphelehu, and Mikneiah, and Obed-edom, and Jeiel, and Azaziah, with harps set to the Sheminith, to lead. |
| YLT | and Mattithiah, and Elipheleh, and Mikneiah, and Obed-Edom, and Jeiel, and Azaziah, with harps, on the octave, to oversee. |
| WEB | and Mattithiah, Eliphelehu, Mikneiah, Obed-Edom, Jeiel, and Azaziah, with harps tuned to the eight-stringed lyre, to lead. |
| BBE | And Mattithiah and Eliphelehu and Mikneiah and Obed-edom and Jeiel and Azaziah, with corded instruments on the octave, to give the first note of the song. |
Where they part company is לְנַצֵּחַ — see How Translations Differ.
One main verb governs the verse, with three phrases providing additional information about how and according to what the music was led.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 15:21
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Organization of Worshipgenerated
1 Chronicles 15:21 describes the arrangement of musicians during the worship service led by King David. This verse highlights the specific individuals chosen to lead the music, indicating the importance of music in the Israelite worship tradition. The context emphasizes the structured approach to worship, reflecting the significance of music in expressing devotion to God.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Chronicles 15:18 | and with them their brothers next in rank: Zechariah, Jaaziel, Shemiramoth, Jehiel, Unni, Eliab, Benaiah, Maaseiah, Mattithiah, Eliphelehu, Mikneiah, and the gatekeepers Obed-edom and Jeiel. |
| 2 | 1 Chronicles 16:5 | Asaph was the chief, Zechariah was second, then Jeiel, Shemiramoth, Jehiel, Mattithiah, Eliab, Benaiah, Obed-edom, and Jeiel. They were to play the harps and lyres, while Asaph sounded the cymbals |
| 3 | 1 Chronicles 25:6–7 | All these were under the direction of their fathers for the music of the house of the LORD with cymbals, harps, and lyres, for the service of the house of God. Asaph, Jeduthun, and Heman were under the direction of the king. |
| 4 | 1 Samuel 10:5 | After that you will come to Gibeah of God, where the Philistines have an outpost. As you approach the city, you will meet a group of prophets coming down from the high place, preceded by harps, tambourines, flutes, and lyres, and they will be prophesying. |
| 5 | Psalm 33:2 | Praise the LORD with the harp; make music to Him with ten strings. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 10 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — לְנַצֵּחַ, le.na.Tze.achgenerated
The verb נָצַח (natsach) means to conduct or oversee, particularly in a musical context. It is a piel infinitive construct, indicating an active role in leadership. This term is often associated with the duties of a chief musician or music director, emphasizing the importance of guidance in worship settings.
In this verse, it denotes the responsibility of leading the music, which is a vital part of the worship experience. The role of the conductor is crucial, as it ensures that the music aligns with the intended worship atmosphere, reflecting order and reverence.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb נַצֵּחַ governs the structure of the verse, indicating the action of leading. The subject noun phrase lists the individuals responsible for the music, while the prepositional phrases provide details about the instruments used and the context of the worship.
The Hebrew word order places emphasis on the musicians first, followed by the action they are to perform, which highlights their importance in the worship setting.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates לְנַצֵּחַ as ἐνισξῦσαι, which suggests a similar function of leadership in music. This choice indicates a continuity in the understanding of the role of musicians in worship across both Hebrew and Greek traditions.
The translation reflects a consistent interpretation of the responsibility to oversee the musical aspect of worship, reinforcing the significance of this role.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Chronicles 15:21 lists Mattithiah, Eliphelehu, Mikneiah, Obed-edom, Jeiel, and Azaziah as leaders of music during worship, indicating their roles in playing lyres according to the Sheminith. This shows the structured approach to music in worship, highlighting the importance of these individuals in leading the congregation.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Leading the music involves overseeing the musical performance during worship, ensuring that it aligns with the intended atmosphere of reverence and devotion.
The individuals listed were appointed musicians during King David's reign, each playing a significant role in the worship service.
Lyres were commonly used in ancient Israelite worship, symbolizing joy and praise, and enhancing the worship experience.
Sheminith refers to an eight-stringed instrument or a musical notation, indicating a specific style or arrangement of music used in worship.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- How can I incorporate music into my own worship experience?
- What role does leadership play in a worship setting?
- In what ways can music enhance our understanding of worship?
- How do the names of the musicians reflect their roles in the community?
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 15:21 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd Mattithiah, and Elipheleh, and Mikneiah, and Obededom, and Jeiel, and Azaziah,.... These six were appointed to sound: with harps on the Sheminith to excel; which Sheminith some take to be an harp
Read John Gill on 1 Chronicles 15 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd Mattithiah, and Elipheleh, and Mikneiah, and Obededom, and Jeiel, and Azaziah, with harps on the Sheminith to excel. Mattithiah ... with harps on the Sheminith to excel.
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Chronicles 15 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleSee Poole "". To excel: the word may be here added to note the excellency of that instrument, or note, or part of music; or that there was a greater extension or elevation of the voice than in the former.
Read Matthew Poole on 1 Chronicles 15 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments1 Chronicles 15:21 And Mattithiah, and Elipheleh, and Mikneiah, and Obededom, and Jeiel, and Azaziah, with harps on the Sheminith to excel.Ver. 21. Upon Sheminith.]
Read John Trapp on 1 Chronicles 15 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(21) The six lute-players. With harps on the Sheminith.—“With lutes (or lyres) in the bass.” Literally, after the mode of the eighth—i.e., an octave below the tenor—al ottava bassa.To excel.—To lead the orchestra, to precent. (Comp. Psalms 6, heading.)
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 15 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 21. On the Sheminith] According to the Targum, this signifies an instrument that sounded an octave, or, according to others, an instrument with eight strings. The Syriac and Arabic have it, instruments to sing with daily, at the third, sixth, and ninth hour; the Vulgate, an octave, for a song of victory: some think the eighth band of the musicians is intended, who had the strongest and most sonorous voices; and that it is in this sense that shelomith and lenatstseach should be understood.
Read AdamClarke on 1 Chronicles 15 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges21. Azaziah] a name not found in 1 Chronicles 15:18. on the Sheminith to excel) R.V. set to the Sheminith to lead. Cp. Psalms 6 (title, R.V. mg.).
Read Cambridge on 1 Chronicles 15 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleHarps on the Sheminith - “Sheminith” properly means “the eighth,” and has been compared with the modern musical term “octave.” Further, “Sheminith” and “Alamoth” are regarded as contrasted, and the
Read Albert Barnes on 1 Chronicles 15 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
And Mattithiah, Eliphelehu, Mikneiah, Obed-edom, Jeiel, and Azaziah were to lead the music with lyres according to Sheminith.
and Mattithiah, Eliphelehu, Mikneiah, Obed-Edom, Jeiel, and Azaziah, with harps tuned to the eight-stringed lyre, to lead.
And Mattithiah, Eliphelehu, Mikneiah, Obed-edom, Jeiel, and Azaziah were to lead the music with lyres according to Sheminith.
Mattithiah, Eliphelehu, Mikneiah, Obed-Edom, Jeiel, and Azaziah were to play the lyres according to the sheminith style, as led by the director;
Tyndale line
And Mattithiah, and Elipheleh, and Mikneiah, and Obed-edom, and Jeiel, and Azaziah, with harps on the Sheminith to excel.
and Mattithiah, and Eliphelehu, and Mikneiah, and Obed-edom, and Jeiel, and Azaziah, with harps set to the Sheminith, to lead.
and Mattithiah, and Eliphelehu, and Mikneiah, and Obed-edom, and Jeiel, and Azaziah, with harps set to the Sheminith, to lead.
And Mattithiah, and Elipheleh, and Mikneiah, and Obed-edom, and Jeiel, and Azaziah, with harps on the Sheminith to excel.
And Mattithiah, and Elipheleh, and Mikneah, and Obed Edom, and Ieiel, and Azaziah, with harpes vpon Sheminith Ienazzeah.
Strictly literal
and Mattithiah, and Elipheleh, and Mikneiah, and Obed-Edom and Jeiel, and Azaziah, with harps on the Sheminith to lead [the singing].
and Mattithiah, and Elipheleh, and Mikneiah, and Obed-Edom, and Jeiel, and Azaziah, with harps, on the octave, to oversee.
and Mattithiah, and Elipheleh, and Mikneiah, and Obed-Edom, and Jeiel, and Azaziah, to oversee with harps on the eighth.
And Matthithyahu, and Eliphelehu, and Mikneyahu, and 'Obed-edom, and Je-iel, and 'Azazyahu, with harps on the Sheminith to play as leaders.
Mattithiah, Eliphelehu, Mikneiah, Obed Edom, Jeiel, and Azaziah led the way with harps set to the Sheminith.
From the Latin
And Mathathias, and Eliphalu, and Macenias and Obededom, and Jehiel and Ozaziu, sung a song of victory for the octave upon harps.
Simplified
while Mattithiah, Eliphelehu, Mikneiah, Obed-edom, Jeiel, and Azaziah were to lead the music with lyres “according to sheminith.”
And Mattithiah and Eliphelehu and Mikneiah and Obed-edom and Jeiel and Azaziah, with corded instruments on the octave, to give the first note of the song.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in their wording for this verse, with eight of the eleven words matched. This indicates a strong consistency in the transmission of this text across both traditions, affirming the importance of these figures in the worship service.
וּמַתִּתְיָ֣הוּ וֶאֱלִֽיפְלֵ֗הוּ וּמִקְנֵיָ֙הוּ֙ וְעֹבֵ֣ד אֱדֹ֔ם וִֽיעִיאֵ֖ל וַעֲזַזְיָ֑הוּ בְּכִנֹּר֥וֹת עַל־ הַשְּׁמִינִ֖ית לְנַצֵּֽחַ׃
8 of the 11 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 15:21
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
מַתִּתְיָ֫הוּ (Mattithyah) means 'gift of Jah' and refers to several individuals from the tribe of Levi in the Old Testament. Notably, he is associated with roles in worship and offerings, including a musician appointed by David and a figure present during Ezra's reading of the law. The name appears in various contexts, including 1 Chronicles and Ezra.
מַתִּתְיָ֫הוּ, מַתִּתְיָה n.pr.m.
a Levitical musician
Levitical name
attendant of Ezra
one of those who took strange wives
base
H4993 מַתִּתְיָ֫הוּ, מַתִּתְיָה
4993 Mattithyah mat-tith-yaw'
or Mattithyahuw {mat-tith-yaw'-hoo}; from 4991 and 3050; gift
of Jah; Mattithjah, the name of four Israelites:--
Mattithiah.
see HEBREW for 04991
see HEBREW for 03050
מַתִּתְיָ֫הוּ (mat.tit.yah) — Mattithiah.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Exile and Return, only mentioned at 1Ch.9.31;
son of: Shallum (H7967M)
§ Mattithiah = "gift of Jehovah"
1) a Levite who presided over the offerings
2) a Levite appointed by David to minister in the musical service before the ark
3) one of the family of Nebo who had a foreign wife in the time of Ezra
4) one of the men who stood at the right hand of Ezra when he read the law to the people
מַתִּתְיָ֫הוּ (mat.tit.yah) — Mattithiah.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.15.18;
son of: Jeduthun (H3038);
brother of: Obed-edom (H5654), Gedaliah (H1436I), Zeri (H6874), Jeshaiah (H3470H), Hashabiah (H2811I)
§ Mattithiah = "gift of Jehovah"
1) a Levite who presided over the offerings
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
mat-i-thi'-a (mattithyah, or mattithyahu, "gift of Yah"):
(1) The Mattithiah of Ne 8:4 (1st spelling) was one of those who stood at Ezra's right hand while he read the law (compare 1 Esdras 9:43). He may be the individual set over "things that were baked in pans" (1Ch 9:31).
(2) One of those appointed by David to minister before the ark, and to "celebrate and to thank and praise Yahweh, the God of Israel" (1Ch 16:4,5).
Mattithiah
Gift of Jehovah. (1.) One of the sons of Jeduthun (1 Chr. 25:3, 21).
(2.) The eldest son of Shallum, of the family of Korah (1 Chr. 9:31).
אֱלִיפְלֵ֫הוּ (Eliyphlehuw) refers to a man named Eliphelehu, a Levite gatekeeper and musician during the time of the Divided Monarchy, as noted in 1 Chronicles 15:18. The name is derived from the Hebrew words for 'God' and 'distinction,' suggesting a meaning along the lines of 'my God distinguishes him.'
אֱלִיפְלֵ֫הוּ n.pr.m. (may God distinguish him) one of the doorkeepers
base
H466 אֱלִיפְלֵ֫הוּ
466 'Eliyphlehuw el-ee-fe-lay'-hoo
from 410 and 6395; God of his distinction; Eliphelehu, an
Israelite:--Elipheleh.
see HEBREW for 0410
see HEBREW for 06395
אֱלִיפְלֵ֫הוּ (e.liph.le.hu) — Eliphelehu.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.15.18
§ Elipheleh = "my God sets him apart" or "my God distinguishes him"
a Levite gatekeeper and musician for David
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
e-lif'-e-le-hu ('eliphelehu, "May God distinguish him," the King James Version Elipheleh):
The eleventh of the fourteen doorkeepers mentioned as "brethren of the second degree" and as appointed in connection with the bringing up of the ark to Jerusalem by David (1Ch 15:18).
מִקְנֵיָ֫הוּ (Miqneyahuw) means 'possession of Jah' and refers to an Israelite named Mikneiah, who was a Levite musician during the Divided Monarchy, as noted in 1 Chronicles 15:18. The name is derived from two Hebrew roots, indicating a connection to both possession and the divine name.
מִקְנֵיָ֫הוּ n.pr.m. (possession of י׳);—Levit. musician
base
H4737 מִקְנֵיָ֫הוּ
4737 Miqneyahuw mik-nay-yaw'-hoo
from 4735 and 3050; possession of Jah; Miknejah, an
Israelite:--Mikneiah.
see HEBREW for 04735
see HEBREW for 03050
מִקְנֵיָ֫הוּ (miq.ne.ya.hu) — Mikneiah.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.15.18
§ Mikneiah = "possession of Jehovah"
one of the Levites of the 2nd rank, gatekeepers of the ark, appointed by David to play in the temple band
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
mik-ne'-ya, mik-ni'-a (miqneydhu): A Levite doorkeeper (1Ch 15:18).
(possession of Jehovah), one of the Levites of the second rank, gatekeepers of the ark, appointed by David to play in the temple band "with harps upon Sheminith." (1 Chronicles 15:18,21)
→ A doorkeeper of the temple, and musician 1Ch 15:18,21
עֹבֵד אֱדֹם (i.e., *Obed-Edom*) means 'servant of Edom.' It refers to a Levite who cared for the ark of the covenant and is noted as a chief singer and gatekeeper. The name is associated with a family line descended from him. The term is built from the active participle of H5647 and H123.
עֹבֵד אֱדֹם, and ע׳ אֱדוֹם n.pr.m. (servant of (god) Edom)
the Gittite who harboured the ark
one of the chief Levitical singers and doorkeepers
the family of the same
base
H5654 עֹבֵד אֱדֹם, ע׳אֱדוֹם
5654 `Obed 'Edowm o-bade' ed-ome'
from the active participle of 5647 and 123; worker of Edom;
Obed-Edom, the name of five Israelites: --Obed-edom.
see HEBREW for 05647
see HEBREW for 0123
עֹבֵד אֱדוֹם (o.ved e.dom) — Obed-edom.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.6.10;
son of: Jeduthun (H3038);
brother of: Mattithiah (H4993H), Gedaliah (H1436I), Zeri (H6874), Jeshaiah (H3470H) and Hashabiah (H2811I);
father of: Shemaiah (H8098I), Jehozabad (H3075H), Joah (H3098I), Sachar (H7940), Nethanel (H5417K), Ammiel (H5988I), Issachar (H3485H) and Peullethai (H6469)
Also named: shim.i (שִׁמְעִי "Shimei" H8096X)
§ Obed-edom = "servant of Edom"
1) a Levite and a Gittite who kept the ark after Uzzah was slain by God for touching the ark while it was being taken to Jerusalem
2) a Merarite Levite and a singer and gatekeeper
2a) the family descended from him
N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
(serving). Son of Boaz and Ruth the Moabitess and father of Jesse. (Ruth 4:17) (B.C. 1360.) The circumstances of his birth which make up all that we know about him are given with much beauty in the book of Ruth. The name of Obed occurs only (Ruth 4:17) and in the four genealogies, (Ruth 4:21,22; 1 Chronicles 2:12; Matthew 1:5; Luke 3:32) A descendant of Jarha, the Egyptian slave of Sheshan, in the line of Jerahmeel. (1 Chronicles 2:37,38) (B.C. after 1014.) One of David’s mighty men. (
עֹבֵד אֱדֹם (i.e., *Obed-Edom*) means 'servant of Edom.' It refers to a Levite who cared for the ark of the covenant and is noted as a chief singer and gatekeeper. The name is associated with a family line descended from him. The term is built from the active participle of H5647 and H123.
עֹבֵד אֱדֹם, and ע׳ אֱדוֹם n.pr.m. (servant of (god) Edom)
the Gittite who harboured the ark
one of the chief Levitical singers and doorkeepers
the family of the same
base
H5654 עֹבֵד אֱדֹם, ע׳אֱדוֹם
5654 `Obed 'Edowm o-bade' ed-ome'
from the active participle of 5647 and 123; worker of Edom;
Obed-Edom, the name of five Israelites: --Obed-edom.
see HEBREW for 05647
see HEBREW for 0123
עֹבֵד אֱדוֹם (o.ved e.dom) — Obed-edom.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.6.10;
son of: Jeduthun (H3038);
brother of: Mattithiah (H4993H), Gedaliah (H1436I), Zeri (H6874), Jeshaiah (H3470H) and Hashabiah (H2811I);
father of: Shemaiah (H8098I), Jehozabad (H3075H), Joah (H3098I), Sachar (H7940), Nethanel (H5417K), Ammiel (H5988I), Issachar (H3485H) and Peullethai (H6469)
Also named: shim.i (שִׁמְעִי "Shimei" H8096X)
§ Obed-edom = "servant of Edom"
1) a Levite and a Gittite who kept the ark after Uzzah was slain by God for touching the ark while it was being taken to Jerusalem
2) a Merarite Levite and a singer and gatekeeper
2a) the family descended from him
HNpm — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Edom
(1.) The name of Esau (q.v.), Gen. 25:30, “Feed me, I pray thee, with that same red pottage [Heb. haadom, haadom, i.e., ‘the red pottage, the red pottage’] ...Therefore was his name called Edom”, i.e., Red.
(2.) Idumea (Isa. 34:5, 6; Ezek. 35:15). “The field of Edom” (Gen. 32:3), “the land of Edom” (Gen. 36:16), was mountainous (Obad. 1:8, 9, 19, 21). It was called the land, or “the mountain of Seir,” the rough hills on the east side of the Arabah. It extended from the head of the Gulf of Akabah, the Elanitic gulf, to the foot of the Dead Sea (
Red, a name of Esau, Isaac’s eldest son, appropriate on account of his natural complexion, but given, it would seem, from the current name of food for which he sold his birthright-"that same red," Ge 25:25,30. See ESAU and IDUMEA.
red, earthy; of blood
→ (Signifies red)
1. A name of Esau, possibly on account of his being covered with red hair Ge 25:25,30; 36:1,8,19
2. A name of the land occupied by the descendants of Esau
It extended from the Elanitic Gulf to the Red Sea, and was also called IDUMEA Ge 32:3; 36:16,17,21; Jer 40:11
Noted for its wise men Ob 1:8
Sins of Ob 1:10-14
Prophecies concerning Jer 25:21-23; 27:1-11; Da 11:41
See EDOMITES
FIGURATIVE of the foes of Zion Isa 63:1
The Hebrew word יְעוּאֵל (*Y`iy'el*) refers to a name meaning 'carried away of God' and is associated with several individuals in the Old Testament. It is built from roots meaning 'to carry away' and 'God.' The entries identify multiple figures named Jeiel or Jehiel, including a chief Reubenite, a Levite, and a scribe of King Uzziah, among others. There is some variation in the spelling and details of these individuals across sources.
יְעוּאֵל, יְעִיאֵל, יְעִו֯אֵל n.pr.m.
son of Zerah
a companion of Ezra
a chief of the Reubenites
Levites
one of those who took strange wives
man of Gibeon, ancestor of Saul
one of David’s heroes
the סוֹפֵר (q.v.) of King Uzziah
a Levite
base
H3273 יְעוּאֵל, יְעִיאֵל, יְעִו֯אֵל
3273 Y`iy'el yeh-ee-ale'
from 3261 and 410; carried away of God; Jeiel, the name of
six Israelites:--Jeiel, Jehiel. Compare 3262.
see HEBREW for 03261
see HEBREW for 0410
see HEBREW for 03262
יְעִיאֵל (ye.i.el) — Jeiel.
A man of the tribe of Reuben living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.5.7
§ Jeiel or Jehiel = "God sweeps away"
1) one of the sons of Adonikam who returned from exile with Ezra
2) a chief Reubenite of the house of Joel
3) a Merarite Levite and a gatekeeper to the tabernacle who also played the harp and psaltery in the service before the ark
4) one of the chiefs of the Levites in the time of king Josiah
5) one of the sons of Nebo who took a foreign wife in the time of Ezra
6) a man of Gibeon and ancestor of king Saul
7) one of the sons of Hotham the Aroerite and one of David's mighty warriors
8) the scribe of king Uzziah who kept the account of the king's irregular predatory warriors
9) a Gershonite Levite of the sons of Elizaphan
10) a Gershonite Levite of the sons of Asaph and forefather of Jahaziel in the time of king Jehoshaphat
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
je-i'-el (ye`i'el, meaning unknown):
(1) A Reubenite (1Ch 5:7).
(2) In 1Ch 8:29, added in the Revised Version (British and American) from 9:35, where Kethibh is "Jeuel," an ancestor of King Saul; the King James Version "Jehiel."
(3) One of David's mighty men (1Ch 11:44). the King James Version is "Jehiel"; Kethibh is "Jeuel."
Jeiel
Snatched away by God. (1.) A descendant of Benjamin (1 Chr. 9:35; 8:29).
(2.) One of the Levites who took part in praising God on the removal of the ark to Jerusalem (1 Chr. 16:5).
(3.) 2 Chr. 29:13. A Levite of the sons of Asaph.
(4.) 2 Chr. 26:11. A scribe.
(5.) 1 Chr. 5:7. A Reubenite chief.
(6.) One of the chief Levites, who made an offering for the restoration of the Passover by Josiah (2 Chr. 35:9).
(7.) Ezra 8:13.
(8.) Ezra 10:43.
(treasured of God). A Reubenite of the house of Joel. (1 Chronicles 5:7) A Merarite Levite, one of the gate-keepers to the sacred tent. (1 Chronicles 15:18) His duty was also to play the harp, ver. (1 Chronicles 15:21) or the psaltery and harp, (1 Chronicles 16:5) in the service before the ark. (B.C. 1043.) A Gershonite Levite, one of the Bene-Asaph, forefather of Jahaziel in the time of King Jehoshaphat. (2 Chronicles 20:14) (B.C. 910.) The scribe who kept the account of the numbers of King Uzziah’s irregular predatory warriors. (2 Chronicles 26:11) (B.C. 803.) A…
עֲזַזְיָ֫הוּ (Azazyahuw) means "Jehovah is mighty" and refers to several individuals from the time of the Divided Monarchy. He is noted as a Levite musician during David's reign, a Levite in charge of tithes under Hezekiah, and the father of Hoshea, a prince of Ephraim. The name is built from roots meaning 'to strengthen' and 'Jah' (God).
עֲזַזְיָ֫הוּ n.pr.m. (י׳ is mighty)
Levite names
a Benjamite
base
H5812 עֲזַזְיָ֫הוּ
5812 `Azazyahuw az-az-yaw'-hoo
from 5810 and 3050; Jah has strengthened; Azazjah, the name
of three Israelites:--Azaziah.
see HEBREW for 05810
see HEBREW for 03050
עֲזַזְיָ֫הוּ (a.zaz.ya.hu) — Azaziah.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.15.21
§ Azaziah = "Jehovah is mighty"
1) a Levite musician in the reign of David who played the harp in the procession which brought the ark from Obed-edom to Jerusalem
2) a Levite in the reign of king Hezekiah of Judah in charge of the tithes
3) father of Hoshea, prince of the tribe of Ephraim when David took the census
עֲזַזְיָ֫הוּ (a.zaz.ya.hu) — Azaziah.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ch.27.20;
father of: Hoshea (H1954H)
§ Azaziah = "Jehovah is mighty"
1) a Levite musician in the reign of David who played the harp in the procession which brought the ark from Obed-edom to Jerusalem
2) a Levite in the reign of king Hezekiah of Judah in charge of the tithes
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
Azaziah
Whom Jehovah strengthened. (1.) One of the Levitical harpers in the temple (1 Chr. 15:21).
(2.) The father of Hoshea, who was made ruler over the Ephraimites (1 Chr. 27:20).
(3.) One who had charge of the temple offerings (2 Chr. 31:13).
(whom the Lord strengthens) A Levite musician in the reign of David, appointed to play the harp in the service which attended the procession by which the ark was brought up from the house of Obed-edom. (1 Chronicles 15:21) (B.C. 1048.) The father of Hoshea, prince of the tribe of Ephraim when David numbered the people. (1 Chronicles 27:20) One of the Levites in the reign of Hezekiah, who had charge of the tithes, and dedicated things in the temple. (2 Chronicles 31:13)
strength of the Lord
כִּנּוֹר (kinnor) refers to a lyre or harp, derived from a root meaning to twang. The term is consistently used across lexicons to denote this stringed musical instrument.
כִּנּוֹר n.m. lyre
base
H3658 כִּנּוֹר lyre
3658 kinnowr kin-nore'
from a unused root meaning to twang; a harp: -harp.
כִּנּוֹר (kin.nor) — lyre.
lyre, harp
Prep | N-mp — Preposition · noun common feminine plural absoluteHR/Ncfpa
The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
עַל, עָ֑ל
subst. height
As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed
—
of clothing, etc., which any one wears
With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears
. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
5921 `al al
properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the
singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a
particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always
in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great
variety of applications (as follow):--above, according
to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because
of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both
and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in
(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,
through(-out), to, touching, X with.
see HEBREW for 05920
עַל (al) — upon.
prep
1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards
1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)
1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)
1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)
1e) over (of suspension or extension)
1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)
1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)
1h) to (as a dative)
[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.
conj
Prep — PrepositionHR
On
Light; the sun, (Gen. 41:45, 50), the great seat of sun-worship, called also Bethshemesh (Jer. 43:13) and Aven (Ezek. 30:17), stood on the east bank of the Nile, a few miles north of Memphis, and near Cairo, in the north-east. The Vulgate and the LXX. Versions have “Heliopolis” (“city of the sun”) instead of On in Genesis and of Aven in Ezekiel. The “city of destruction” Isaiah speaks of (19:18, marg. “of Heres;” Heb. ‘Ir-ha-heres, which some MSS. read Ir-ha-heres, i.e., “city of the sun”) may be the name given to On, the prophecy being that the time will come when that city which was known as the “city of the sun-god” shall become the “city of destruction” of the sun-god, i.e., when idolatry shall cease, and the worship…
(abode or city of the sun), a town of lower Egypt, called BETH-SHEMESH in (Jeremiah 43:13) On is better known under its Greek name Heliopolis. It was situated on the east side of the Pelusiac branch of the Nile, just below the point of the Delta, and about twenty miles northeast of Memphis. The chief object of worship at Heliopolis was the sun, whose temple, described by Strabo, is now only represented by the single beautiful obelisk, of red granite so feet 2 inches high above the pedestal which has stood for more than 4000 years, having been erected by Usirtesen, the second king of the twelfth dynasty. Heliopolis was anciently famous for its learning, and Eudoxus and Plato studied under its priests. The first mention of this place in the Bible is in the history of Joseph, to whom we read Pharaoh gave "to wife Asenath the daughter…
See HELIOPOLIS.
pain; force; iniquity
שְׁמִינִי (shmiyniy) means 'eighth' and is a feminine form of the word for 'eight.' It may refer to an eight-stringed lyre or a musical notation, possibly indicating an octave. The term appears in various contexts, but specific verse references are not provided.
שְׁמִינִי, שְׁמִינִית 31 adj. num. eighth
base
H8067 שְׁמִינִי, שְׁמִינִית eighth
8067 shmiyniyth shem-ee-neeth'
feminine of 8066; probably an eight-stringed
lyre:--Sheminith.
see HEBREW for 08066
שְׁמִינִית (she.mi.nit) — Sheminith.
Sheminith
perhaps an eight-stringed musical instrument
perhaps a musical notation, i.e. an octave
Art | Adj — ParticleHTd/Aofsa
shem'-i-nith.
See MUSIC; PSALMS.
Sheminith
Eight; octave, a musical term, supposed to denote the lowest note sung by men’s voices (1 Chr. 15:21; Ps. 6; 12, title).
(eighth), a musical term found in the title of (Psalms 6:1) A similar direction is found in the title of (Psalms 12:1) Comp. 1Chr 15:21 It seems most probable that Sheminith denotes a certain air known as the eighth, or a certain key in which the psalm was to be sung.
נָצַח (natsach) is a Hebrew verb meaning to excel or be pre-eminent, with connotations of endurance and oversight, particularly in the context of Temple services and music. It can denote a role as a chief musician or overseer. The entries highlight its various uses, including a participle form that emphasizes enduring qualities.
[נָצַח] vb. be pre-eminent, enduring
Niph. enduring
Piel = act as overseer, superintendent, director
base
H5329 [נָצַח] be pre-eminent, enduring . enduring
.= act as overseer, superintendent, director
5329 natsach naw-tsakh'
a primitive root; properly, to glitter from afar, i.e. to be
eminent (as a superintendent, especially of the Temple
services and its music); also (as denominative from 5331), to
be permanent:--excel, chief musician (singer), oversee(-r),
set forward.
see HEBREW for 05331
נָצַח (na.tsach) — to conduct.
1) to excel, be bright, be preeminent, be perpetual, be overseer, be enduring
1a) (Niphal) enduring (participle)
1b) (Piel) to act as overseer or superintendent or director or chief
Aramaic equivalent: ne.tsach (נְצַח "to distinguish oneself" H5330)
Prep | V-Piel-Inf-a — Preposition · verb piel infinitive construct commonHR/Vpcc