1 Chronicles 26:12 — Word Study
WLCלְ֠אֵלֶּה מַחְלְק֨וֹת הַשֹּֽׁעֲרִ֜ים לְרָאשֵׁ֧י הַגְּבָרִ֛ים מִשְׁמָר֖וֹת לְעֻמַּ֣ת אֲחֵיהֶ֑ם לְשָׁרֵ֖ת בְּבֵ֥ית יְהוָֽה׃
BSATheseʼêl-leh [specific, appointed] divisionsmachălôqeth [groups, courses] of the gatekeepersshôwʻêr [porters, doorkeepers] through their chiefrôʼsh mengeber [leaders, great men] had dutiesmishmereth [charges, responsibilities] for ministeringshârath [serving, worshiping] in the housebayith [temple, dwelling place] of the LORDYᵉhôvâh [Yehovah, the supreme God] just asʻummâh their relatives didʼâch
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| לְ֠אֵלֶּה | [belonged] to these | Preposition, particle |
| מַחְלְק֨וֹת | [the] divisions of | Noun common, feminine plural construct |
| הַשֹּֽׁעֲרִ֜ים | the gatekeepers | Particle, noun common masculine plural absolute |
| לְרָאשֵׁ֧י | to [the] chiefs of | Preposition, noun common masculine plural construct |
| הַגְּבָרִ֛ים | the men | Particle, noun common masculine plural absolute |
| מִשְׁמָר֖וֹת | duties | Noun common, feminine plural absolute |
| לְעֻמַּ֣ת | corresponding to | Preposition, noun common feminine singular construct |
| אֲחֵיהֶ֑ם | relatives their | Noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| לְשָׁרֵ֖ת | to serve | Preposition, verb piel infinitive construct common |
| בְּבֵ֥ית | in [the] house of | Preposition, noun common masculine singular construct |
| יְהוָֽה׃ | Yahweh | Noun proper |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | These divisions of the gatekeepers, through their chief men, had duties for ministering in the house of the LORD, just as their brothers did. |
| KJV | Among these were the divisions of the porters, even among the chief men, having wards one against another, to minister in the house of the LORD. |
| ASV | Of these were the courses of the doorkeepers, even of the chief men, having offices like their brethren, to minister in the house of Jehovah. |
| YLT | According to these [are] the courses of the gatekeepers; to the heads of the mighty ones [are] charges over-against their brethren, to minister in the house of Jehovah, |
| WEB | Of these were the divisions of the doorkeepers, even of the chief men, having offices like their brothers, to minister in Yahweh’s house. |
| BBE | Of these were the divisions of the door-keepers, men of authority, having responsible positions like their brothers to be servants in the house of the Lord. |
The translations agree on the use of מִשְׁמָר֖וֹת as duty — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence has a main clause with several phrases elaborating on the roles and responsibilities of the gatekeepers.
7 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Ellicott & more — read them ›
clause
subjectמִשְׁמֶרֶת
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 26:12
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Organization of Temple Dutiesgenerated
1 Chronicles 26:12 describes the structured divisions of the gatekeepers, highlighting their responsibilities in the service of the LORD's house. This organization reflects the careful planning and order necessary for temple worship, as seen throughout the accounts of the Israelites' religious practices. The mention of chief men indicates a hierarchy among the gatekeepers, ensuring that their duties were carried out effectively, similar to the roles of other temple servants.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Chronicles 25:8 | They cast lots for their duties, young and old alike, teacher as well as pupil. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 1 reference, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — מִשְׁמָר֖וֹת, mish.ma.Rotgenerated
The word מִשְׁמָר֖וֹת (mishmeroth) is a feminine plural noun derived from the root meaning to guard or keep. It refers to duties or responsibilities, especially in a religious context, such as the roles of priests and Levites in the temple. The parsing indicates that it is used in a general sense to denote various responsibilities assigned to the gatekeepers.
In this verse, it emphasizes the importance of the gatekeepers' roles in maintaining the sanctity and order of the temple, as they were tasked with guarding the entrances and ensuring proper access for worshippers.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The verse is presented in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses duties for the Hebrew word מִשְׁמָר֖וֹת.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb in the verse is שָׁרֵ֖ת, to serve, which governs the subject מִשְׁמָר֖וֹת and describes the duties of the gatekeepers. The structure presents a clear hierarchy: the divisions of the gatekeepers are led by their chiefs, indicating an organized system of service.
The sentence is constructed with a series of prepositional phrases that elaborate on the roles and relationships among the gatekeepers, their leaders, and their duties within the temple context.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates מִשְׁמָר֖וֹת as ἐφημερίαι, indicating a focus on the duties or functions of the gatekeepers. This choice highlights the role of these divisions not just as groups but as entities with specific responsibilities.
The use of ἐφημερίαι suggests a structured approach to service, aligning with the organizational intent expressed in the Hebrew text.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Chronicles 26:12 explains that the gatekeepers were organized into divisions, each led by chief men. They had specific duties for serving in the house of the LORD, similar to the responsibilities of their fellow servants.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The gatekeepers were responsible for guarding the entrances to the temple and ensuring that only those authorized could enter, as well as performing other duties related to temple worship.
The organization reflects the importance of order and structure in temple worship, highlighting the roles of various individuals in maintaining the sanctity of the house of the LORD.
The chief men were the leaders of the gatekeepers, responsible for overseeing the divisions and ensuring that their duties were carried out effectively.
This verse connects to other temple duties by illustrating the structured roles of the gatekeepers alongside those of the priests and Levites, emphasizing the collaborative effort in serving the LORD.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What can I learn from the organization of the gatekeepers about the importance of structure in my own service to God?
- How can I apply the concept of duties and responsibilities in my life, similar to the gatekeepers?
- In what ways can I support others in their roles within the community, just as the gatekeepers did?
- What does it mean for me to serve in the house of the LORD today?
Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 26:12 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAmong these were the divisions of the porters, even among the chief men,.... These before named were the principal men of the porters, among which was a division or distribution of them into classes
Read John Gill on 1 Chronicles 26 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAmong these were the divisions of the porters, even among the chief men, having wards one against another, to minister in the house of the LORD. Among these were the divisions of the porters, even among the chief men.
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Chronicles 26 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleHaving wards one against another; Heb. having wards against or answerably to their brethren, to wit, the other Levites, who were divided into twenty-four courses, as the priests also were, and so it seems were the porters.
Read Matthew Poole on 1 Chronicles 26 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(12) Among these were the divisions of the porters.—Rather, To these, the courses (1 Chronicles 23:6) of porters, that is, to the heads of the men (1 Chronicles 24:4), were watches or charges (1 Chronicles 25:8) in common with their brethren (1 Chronicles 24:31), to minister in the house of Jehovah (1 Chronicles 16:37). The statement of this verse makes it evident that the names in 1 Chronicles 26:2-11 represent the courses of the porters or warders. As the twenty-four sons of Asaph, Heman, and Jeduthun represented the twenty-four courses of musicians in 1 Chronicles 25, a similar classification might naturally be expected here. Accordingly, we actually find seven sons of Meshelemiah (1…
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 26 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 12. The rest of this chapter, with the whole of the xxviiith, is wanting both in the Syriac and Arabic.
Read AdamClarke on 1 Chronicles 26 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges12. Among these … another] R.V. Of these were the courses of the doorkeepers, even of the chief man, having charges like as their brethren. In 1 Chronicles 26:8-9; 1 Chronicles 26:11 taken together ninety-three doorkeepers are enumerated, who are presumably the heads of the four thousand mentioned in 1 Chronicles 23:5. In 1 Chronicles 9:22 again the total number (as it seems) of doorkeepers is given as two hundred and twelve. The discrepancy is probably due to the use of different documents belonging to different dates by the Chronicler.
Read Cambridge on 1 Chronicles 26 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleThis verse is obscure, but its probable meaning is the following: “To these divisions of the porters, principal men, (were assigned) the watches, together with their brethren, for service in the house of the Lord;” i.
Read Albert Barnes on 1 Chronicles 26 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
These divisions of the gatekeepers, through their chief men, had duties for ministering in the house of the LORD, just as their brothers did.
Of these were the divisions of the doorkeepers, even of the chief men, having offices like their brothers, to minister in Yahweh’s house.
These divisions of the gatekeepers, through their chief men, had duties for ministering in the house of the LORD, just as their relatives did.
These divisions of the gatekeepers, corresponding to their leaders, had assigned responsibilities, like their relatives, as they served in the Lord’s temple.
Tyndale line
Among these were the divisions of the porters, even among the chief men, having wards one against another, to minister in the house of the LORD.
Of these were the courses of the doorkeepers, even of the chief men, having offices like their brethren, to minister in the house of Jehovah.
Of these were the courses of the doorkeepers, even of the chief men, having charges like as their brethren, to minister in the house of the LORD.
Among these were the divisions of the porters, even among the chief men, having wards one against another, to minister in the house of the LORD.
Of these were the diuisions of the porters of the chiefe men, hauing the charge against their brethren, to serue in the house of the Lord.
Strictly literal
Among these were the divisions of the doorkeepers, among the head-men, as to the charges together with their brethren, for performing the service in the house of Jehovah.
According to these [are] the courses of the gatekeepers; to the heads of the mighty ones [are] charges over-against their brethren, to minister in the house of Jehovah,
For these [are] the divisions of the gatekeepers, of the heads of the mighty ones, [with] charges just as their brothers, to minister in the house of YHWH,
These divisions of the gatekeepers, after the chief men, had the watch along with their brethren, to minister in the house of the Lord.
These divisions of the gatekeepers, corresponding to their leaders, had responsibilities, like their relatives, to serve in Yahweh's house.
From the Latin
Among these were the divisions of the porters, so that the chiefs of the wards, as well as their brethren, always ministered in the house of the Lord.
Simplified
These divisions of the gatekeepers, through their family leaders, served in the house of the Lord, just like their brothers.
Of these were the divisions of the door-keepers, men of authority, having responsible positions like their brothers to be servants in the house of the Lord.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text presents the verse as describing the divisions of the gatekeepers and their duties in the house of the LORD, indicating a structured organization among them. The Septuagint, while not providing a direct translation of the Hebrew text, aligns closely with it in meaning, as 10 of the 11 words match, though the word order and articles differ due to the nature of Greek syntax. There are no significant differences noted in the Samaritan Pentateuch or the Dead Sea Scrolls for this verse, suggesting a general agreement among the ancient witnesses regarding its content.
לְ֠אֵלֶּה מַחְלְק֨וֹת הַשֹּֽׁעֲרִ֜ים לְרָאשֵׁ֧י הַגְּבָרִ֛ים מִשְׁמָר֖וֹת לְעֻמַּ֣ת אֲחֵיהֶ֑ם לְשָׁרֵ֖ת בְּבֵ֥ית יְהוָֽה׃
10 of the 11 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 26:12
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
אֵ֫לֶּה (el-leh) means 'these' and is used in various grammatical contexts, often in apposition to a noun with a pronoun suffix. It can appear with or without the definite article and is sometimes paired with other terms like וְאֵלֶּה (and these). The word conveys a sense of proximity or specification, referring to particular items or people.
אֵ֫לֶּה pr.pl.m. & f. these
in appos. to a subst. with a pron. suff. (always without the article)
repeated, אלה … ואלה, these … those
with the art. (but only after a subst. determined likewise by the art.)
with preps.
base
H428 אֵ֫לֶּה these . in appos. to a subst. with a pron. suff. (always without the article)
. repeated, אלה … ואלה, these … those
. with the art. (but only after a subst. determined likewise by the art.)
. with preps.
428 'el-leh ale'-leh
prolonged from 411; these or those:--an- (the) other; one
sort, so, some, such, them, these (same), they, this, those,
thus, which, who(-m).
see HEBREW for 0411
אֵ֫לֶּה (el.leh) — these.
1) these
1a) used before antecedent
1b) used following antecedent
Aramaic equivalent: el.leh (אֵלֶּה "these" H0429)
Prep | Pron — Preposition · particleHR/Tm
מַחֲלֹ֫קֶת (machaloqeth) refers to a division or course, often in the context of Levites, priests, or soldiers. It denotes a section or allotment, and is primarily used in a technical sense within religious or organizational structures. The term is derived from another Hebrew word, and its Aramaic equivalent is noted as well.
מַחֲלֹ֫קֶת n.f. division, course (almost wholly Chr.)
base
H4256 מַחֲלֹ֫קֶת
4256 machaloqeth makh-al-o'-keth
from 2505; a section (of Levites, people or
soldiers):--company, course, division, portion. See also
5555.
see HEBREW for 02505
see HEBREW for 05555
מַחֲלֹ֫קֶת (ma.cha.lo.qet) — division.
1) division, course, class, share, allotment
1a) division, part
1b) division, class, course
1b1) of priests, Levites (technical term of organisation)
Aramaic equivalent: mach.le.qah (מַחְלְקָה "class" H4255)
N-fp — Noun common · feminine plural constructHNcfpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
שֹׁעֵר (sho'er) refers to a doorkeeper or porter, derived from the active participle form of a root meaning to guard or keep. The term is consistently defined across entries as a gatekeeper, emphasizing its role in overseeing entrances.
שֹׁעֵר 37 n.m. porter
base
H7778 שֹׁעֵר, שׁוֹעֵר
7778 show`er sho-are'
or shomer {sho-are'}: active participle of 8176 (as
denominative from 8179); a janitor:--doorkeeper, porter.
see HEBREW for 08176
see HEBREW for 08179
שֹׁעֵר (sho.er) — gatekeeper.
gatekeeper, porter
Art | N-mp — Particle · noun common masculine plural absoluteHTd/Ncmpa
רֹאשׁ (ro'sh) means 'head' and encompasses various meanings related to position and rank. It can refer to the head of a person or animal, the top of a mountain, or a chief in various contexts, such as a city or nation. The word also signifies beginnings and sums, appearing in phrases related to enumeration. Additionally, it serves as a proper noun for 'Rosh,' a title for a chief or prince.
רֹאשׁ 599 n.m.
(c. 230 t.) head, of human being
head, of animals
top (88 t.)
height, of stars
head = chief (man)
= chief (city)
chief nation
= chief (place, position)
= chief priest
= head of a family
head = front, leader's place
of time, beginning, of night watch
of things, river-heads
chief, choicest, best, of spices
head = division of army, company, band
= sum, esp. in phr. take sum of, enumerate
other phr.
base
רֹאשׁ n.pr.gent. Rôsh
base
H7218a רֹאשׁ . . (c. 230 t.) head, of human being
. head, of animals
. . top (88 t.)
. height, of stars
. . head = chief (man)
. = chief (city)
. chief nation
. = chief (place, position)
. = chief priest
. = head of a family
. . head = front, leader's place
. of time, beginning, of night watch
. of things, river-heads
. chief, choicest, best, of spices
. head = division of army, company, band
. = sum, esp. in phr. take sum of, enumerate
. other phr.
H7218b רֹאשׁ n. pr. gent. Rôsh
7218 ro'sh roshe
from an unused root apparently meaning to shake; the head (as
most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many
applications, of place, time, rank, itc.):--band, beginning,
captain, chapiter, chief(-est place, man, things), company,
end, X every (man), excellent, first, forefront, ((be-))head,
height, (on) high(-est part, (priest)), X lead, X poor,
principal, ruler, sum, top.
רֹאשׁ (rosh) — head.
: head
1) head, top, summit, upper part, chief, total, sum, height, front, beginning
1a) head (of man, animals)
1b) top, tip (of mountain)
1c) height (of stars)
1d) chief, head (of man, city, nation, place, family, priest)
1e) head, front, beginning
1f) chief, choicest, best
1g) head, division, company, band
1h) sum
רֹאשׁ (rosh) — prince.
Rosh, a tite for a chief or prince
רֹאשׁ (rosh) — head: leader.
: leader
1) head, top, summit, upper part, chief, total, sum, height, front, beginning
1a) head (of man, animals)
1b) top, tip (of mountain)
1c) height (of stars)
1d) chief, head (of man, city, nation, place, family, priest)
1e) head, front, beginning
1f) chief, choicest, best
1g) head, division, company, band
1h) sum
רֹאשׁ (rosh) — head: top.
: top/best
1) head, top, summit, upper part, chief, total, sum, height, front, beginning
1a) head (of man, animals)
Prep | N-mp — Preposition · noun common masculine plural constructHR/Ncmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
גֶּ֫בֶר (geber) refers to a man, particularly one who is strong or valiant, often distinguished from women and children. The term is used primarily in poetic contexts and emphasizes the qualities of strength and warrior-like attributes. It is derived from a root meaning to be strong, and lexicons highlight its use in describing a mighty or capable individual.
גֶּ֫בֶר 66 n.m. man;—man as strong, disting. fr. women, children, and non-combatants whom he is to defend, chiefly poetic
base
H1397 גֶּ֫בֶר man;—man as strong, disting. fr. women, children, and non-combatants whom he is to defend, chiefly poetic
1397 geber gheh'-ber
from 1396; properly, a valiant man or warrior; generally, a
person simply:--every one, man, X mighty.
see HEBREW for 01396
גָּבֶר (ga.ver) — great man.
man, strong man, warrior (emphasising strength or ability to fight)
Art | N-mp — Particle · noun common masculine plural absoluteHTd/Ncmpa
מִשְׁמֶ֫רֶת (mishmereth) refers to a guard or watch, encompassing the concepts of duty, function, and preservation. It can denote a specific role, such as a sentry or an office, and implies the act of keeping or safeguarding. The term appears in contexts related to obligation and service, highlighting its multifaceted use in the Old Testament.
מִשְׁמֶ֫רֶת 78 n.f. guard, watch, also charge, function
base
H4931 מִשְׁמֶ֫רֶת guard, watch, also charge, function
4931 mishmereth mish-mer'-reth
fem. of 4929; watch, i.e. the act (custody), or (concr.) the
sentry, the post; obj. preservation, or (concr.) safe; fig.
observance, i.e. (abstr.) duty or (obj.) a usage or
party:--charge, keep, or to be kept, office, ordinace,
safeguard, ward, watch.
see HEBREW for 04929
מִשְׁמֶ֫רֶת (mish.me.ret) — charge.
1) guard, charge, function, obligation, service, watch
1a) guard, watch, house of detention or confinement
1b) keeping, preserving
1c) charge, injunction
1d) office, function (ceremonial)
N-fp — Noun common · feminine plural absoluteHNcfpa
עֻמָּה (ummah) refers to a concept of juxtaposition, primarily functioning as a preposition. It conveys meanings such as 'close by,' 'side by side,' and 'corresponding to.' The word is derived from a root meaning 'conjunction' and emphasizes proximity or agreement.
[עֻמָּה] n.f. juxtaposition, but only in st. c. with force of prep. close by, side by side with, parallel to, agreeing with, corresponding to
base
H5980 [עֻמָּה] juxtaposition, but only in st. c. with force of prep. close by, side by side with, parallel to, agreeing with, corresponding to
5980 `ummah oom-maw'
from 6004; conjunction, i.e. society; mostly adverb or
preposition (with prepositional prefix), near, beside, along
with:--(over) against, at, beside, hard by, in points.
see HEBREW for 06004
עֻמָּה (um.mah) — close.
1) juxtaposition
1a) used only as a prep
1a1) close by, side by side with, alongside of, parallel with
1a2) agreeing with, corresponding to, exactly as, close beside
1a3) correspondingly to
Prep | N-fs — Preposition · noun common feminine singular constructHR/Ncfsc
אָח (ach) means 'brother' and encompasses a broad range of relationships, including literal siblings, half-brothers, and metaphorical kinship. It can refer to any male relative or compatriot, and it may also imply resemblance or reciprocal relationships. The term is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, highlighting both familial and figurative connections.
אָח 630 n.m. brother
brother, born of same mother (& father)
indef. = relative
fig. of resemblance
in phr. one … another
base
H251 אָח brother
251 'ach awkh
a primitive word; a brother (used in the widest sense of
literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance
(like 1)):--another, brother(-ly); kindred, like, other.
Compare also the proper names beginning with "Ah-" or "Ahi-".
see HEBREW for 01
אָח (ach) — brother: male-sibling.
: male-sibling
1) brother
1a) brother of same parents
1b) half-brother (same father)
1c) relative, kinship, same tribe
1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)
1e) (fig.) of resemblance
אָח (ach) — brother: male-relative.
: male-relative
1) brother
1a) brother of same parents
1b) half-brother (same father)
1c) relative, kinship, same tribe
1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)
1e) (fig.) of resemblance
אָח (ach) — brother: compatriot.
: compatriot
1) brother
1a) brother of same parents
1b) half-brother (same father)
1c) relative, kinship, same tribe
1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)
1e) (fig.) of resemblance
N-mp | Suff — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHNcmpc/Sp3mp
שָׁרַת (sharath) is a Hebrew verb meaning to minister or serve. It is derived from a primitive root that conveys the idea of attending to someone as a servant or worshipper. The entries indicate its use in contexts related to ministry and service, particularly in the Piel form, which emphasizes active participation in serving.
[שָׁרַת] 97 vb. Pi. minister, serve
base
H8334 שָׁרַת Pi. minister, serve
8334 sharath shaw-rath'
a primitive root; to attend as a menial or worshipper;
figuratively, to contribute to:--minister (unto), (do)
serve(- ant, -ice, -itor), wait on.
שָׁרַת (sha.rat) — to minister.
(Piel) to minister, serve, minister to
Prep | V-Piel-Inf-a — Preposition · verb piel infinitive construct commonHR/Vpcc
The Hebrew word בַּיִת (*bayith*) means 'house' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including dwelling, family, and place. It can refer to physical structures, such as homes and temples, as well as metaphorical uses like the body or household affairs. The word is built from the root related to 'between' and appears in various contexts throughout the Old Testament.
בֵּית fem. of בַּיִן, בֵּין prep. between
base
בַּ֫יִת 2034 n.m. house
house
place
receptacle
of house as containing a family
household, family (592 t.)
house, including household affairs
lit. housewards, hence metaph. inwards
מִבַּיִת
adv. on the inside
prep. within
base
H1004a בֵּית fem. of בַּיִן, בֵּין prep. between H1004b בַּ֫יִת house
1004 bayith bah'-yith
probably from 1129 abbreviated; a house (in the greatest
variation of applications, especially family, etc.):--court,
daughter, door, + dungeon, family, + forth of, X great as
would contain, hangings, home(born), (winter)house(-hold),
inside(-ward), palace, place, + prison, + steward, + tablet,
temple, web, + within(-out).
see HEBREW for 01129
בֵּית (bet) — place.
nm
place, origin, between
בַּ֫יִת (ba.yit) — house: home.
: home/temple/building
nm
1) house
1a) house, dwelling habitation
1b) shelter or abode of animals
1c) human bodies (fig.)
1d) of Sheol
1e) of abode of light and darkness
1f) of land of Ephraim
2) place
3) receptacle
4) home, house as containing a family
5) household, family
5a) those belonging to the same household
5b) family of descendants, descendants as organized body
6) household affairs
7) inwards (metaph.)
8) (TWOT) temple
adv
9) on the inside
prep
10) within
בַּ֫יִת (ba.yit) — Beth-(ashbea).
nm
This name is used for a house, habitation
Combined with ash.be.a (אַשְׁבֵּעַ "Ashbea" H0791)
בַּ֫יִת (ba.yit) — Beth (Haggan).
nm
This name is used for a house, habitation
Combined with hag (גַּן "Haggan" H1588)
בַּ֫יִת (ba.yit) — Beth-(togarmah).
nm
This name is used for a house, habitation
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular constructHR/Ncmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) is the proper name of the God of Israel, often rendered as Jehovah or the Lord. It signifies the self-existent or eternal nature of God. The name is closely associated with the revelation to Moses in Exodus 3:12-15 and is used in conjunction with other terms to denote sacred places. Some scholars suggest it derives from a root meaning 'to bring into being.'
יהוה c. 6823 i.e. יַהְוֶה n.pr.dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel—(1. MT יְהֹוָה 6518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהֹוִה 305 (Qr אֱלֹהִים) 2. Many recent scholars explain יַהְוֶה as Hiph. of הוה (= היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver)
יהוה is not used by E in Gn, but is given Ex 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb
יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D
the phrase † אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy
יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh
base
H3068 יהוה i.e. יַהְוֶה n. pr. dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel
3068 Yhovah yeh-ho-vaw'
from 1961; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish
national name of God:--Jehovah, the Lord. Compare 3050, 3069.
see HEBREW for 01961
see HEBREW for 03050
see HEBREW for 03069
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — LORD.
Jehovah = "the existing One"
1) the proper name of the one true God
1a) unpronounced except with the vowel pointings of a.do.na (אֲדֹנָי "Lord" H0136)
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — The Lord.
Another name of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — (Jerusalem of) the Lord.
Combined with ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
N-proper — Noun properHNpt