2 Samuel 20:14 — Word Study
WLCוַֽיַּעֲבֹ֞ר בְּכָל־ שִׁבְטֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אָבֵ֛לָה וּבֵ֥ית מַעֲכָ֖ה וְכָל־ הַבֵּרִ֑ים ס וַיִּקָּ֣הֲל֔וּ וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ אַף־ אַחֲרָֽיו׃
BSASheba passedʻâbar▸ through allkôl [traversed, crossed over] the tribesshêbeṭ [clans, families] of IsraelYisrâʼêl [the descendants of Jacob] to Abel-beth-maacahʼÂbêl [a city in northern Israel, house of pressure] and through the entire [region of]kôl [all the areas, every part] the BeritesBêrîy△ [Bichrites, the chosen men] and followedbôwʼ▸ himʼachar [went after, pursued]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וַֽיַּעֲבֹ֞ר | and he passed | Verb, Qal, sequential imperfect third person masculine singular |
| בְּכָל־ | in all | Preposition, noun common masculine singular construct |
| שִׁבְטֵ֣י | [the] tribes of | Noun common, masculine plural construct |
| יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל | Israel | Noun proper |
| אָבֵ֛לָה | Abel towards | Noun proper, suffix |
| וּבֵ֥ית | and Beth | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular construct |
| מַעֲכָ֖ה | Maacah | Noun proper |
| וְכָל־ | and all | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular construct |
| הַבֵּרִ֑ים ס | the Berites | Particle, noun gentilic masculine plural absolute |
| וַיִּקָּ֣הֲל֔וּ | and they assembled | Verb, Niphal, sequential imperfect third person masculine plural |
| וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ | and they went | Verb, Qal, sequential imperfect third person masculine plural |
| אַף־ | also | Particle |
| אַחֲרָֽיו׃ | after him | Suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Sheba passed through all the tribes of Israel to Abel-beth-maacah and through the entire region of the Berites, who gathered together and followed him. |
| KJV | ¶ And he went through all the tribes of Israel unto Abel, and to Beth-maachah, and all the Berites: and they were gathered together, and went also after him. |
| ASV | And he went through all the tribes of Israel unto Abel, and to Beth-maacah, and all the Berites: and they were gathered together, and went also after him. |
| YLT | And he passeth over through all the tribes of Israel to Abel, and to Beth-Maachah, and to all the Berites, and they are assembled, and go in also after him, |
| WEB | He went through all the tribes of Israel to Abel, to Beth Maacah, and all the Berites. They were gathered together, and went also after him. |
| BBE | And Sheba went through all the tribes of Israel, to Abel of Beth-maacah; and all the Bichrites came together and went in after him. |
All translations agree on the essential meaning of the assembly, with no significant variation in how וַיִּקָּ֣הֲל֔וּ is rendered across the versions on this page.
The sentence is structured around a main clause with several prepositional phrases and a participial phrase, emphasizing the actions and destinations involved.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbעָבַר
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 13 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 2 Samuel 20:14
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Pursuit of Shebagenerated
2 Samuel 20:14 describes Sheba's journey through the tribes of Israel as he sought to rally support for his rebellion. This verse highlights the unity of the tribes as they gathered to follow him, indicating their collective response to the political turmoil of the time. The surrounding verses provide context for this pursuit and the actions taken by the tribes in response to Sheba's rebellion.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Kings 15:20 | And Ben-hadad listened to King Asa and sent the commanders of his armies against the cities of Israel, conquering Ijon, Dan, Abel-beth-maacah, and the whole land of Naphtali, including the region of Chinnereth. |
| 2 | 2 Kings 15:29 | In the days of Pekah king of Israel, Tiglath-pileser king of Assyria came and captured Ijon, Abel-beth-maacah, Janoah, Kedesh, Hazor, Gilead, and Galilee, including all the land of Naphtali, and he took the people as captives to Assyria. |
| 3 | 2 Chronicles 16:4 | And Ben-hadad listened to King Asa and sent the commanders of his armies against the cities of Israel, conquering Ijon, Dan, Abel-maim, and all the store cities of Naphtali. |
| 4 | Joshua 18:25 | Gibeon, Ramah, Beeroth, |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 4 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — וַיִּקָּ֣הֲל֔וּ, vai.yik.le.hugenerated
The verb וַיִּקָּ֣הֲל֔וּ (vai.yik.le.hu) is in the Niphal form, indicating a passive or reflexive action. It means 'to assemble' or 'to gather together,' often for a specific purpose such as worship or conflict. The construction shows that the tribes did not merely gather by chance; they assembled intentionally, reflecting a unified response to Sheba's actions.
This gathering is significant in the narrative, as it demonstrates the tribes' solidarity in the face of rebellion. The Niphal form emphasizes that the tribes were called together, suggesting an external impetus for their assembly, possibly from their leaders or a shared sense of urgency.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses assembled for וַיִּקָּ֣הֲל֔וּ.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb in the verse is וַיַּעֲבֹ֞ר, and he passed, which governs the actions of Sheba as he traverses the tribes. The structure includes a series of noun phrases describing the tribes and regions involved, leading to the actions of gathering and following.
The verse's flow emphasizes Sheba's movement through the tribes and culminates in the assembly of the Berites, showcasing a sequence of actions that build upon one another.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates וַיַּעֲבֹ֞ר as διῆλθεν (dihlthen), meaning 'he passed through.' This choice reflects a straightforward rendering of the Hebrew verb, maintaining the sense of movement.
For וַיִּקָּ֣הֲל֔וּ, the Septuagint uses ἐχεκκλησιάσθησαν (echekklēsiastheisan), which implies a formal assembly or gathering, suggesting a more organized or intentional coming together than the Hebrew might imply.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
2 Samuel 20:14 tells us that Sheba traveled through all the tribes of Israel to Abel-beth-maacah and the region of the Berites. The Berites gathered together and followed him, showing their support for his cause.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Sheba was a rebel who sought to rally support from the tribes of Israel against King David, passing through the tribes to gather followers.
The gathering of the Berites indicates their unity and support for Sheba, reflecting their political allegiance during a time of upheaval.
Abel-beth-maacah was a city that became a focal point during Sheba's rebellion, representing a strategic location for his supporters.
This verse illustrates the political tensions and responses among the tribes of Israel during Sheba's rebellion, setting the stage for the ensuing conflict.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What can we learn about unity from the gathering of the Berites in this verse?
- How do political movements in our time reflect the actions of Sheba and the tribes of Israel?
- In what ways can we respond to leadership challenges in our communities, similar to how the tribes responded to Sheba?
- What does this passage teach us about the importance of gathering together for a common cause?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
An early commentary notes the significance of Abel-beth-maacah and its connection to the tribe of Naphtali, reflecting on the geographical and political context of the verse.
Abela and Bethmaacha: Cities of the tribe of Nephtali.Early Church Fathers on 2 Samuel 20 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 2 Samuel 20:14 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd he went through all the tribes of Israel,.... That is, Sheba the son of Bichri, last mentioned, 2 Samuel 20:13, who passed through all the tribes of Israel to get as many to be of his party as he
Read John Gill on 2 Samuel 20 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd he went through all the tribes of Israel unto Abel, and to Beth-ma'achah, and all the Berites: and they were gathered together, and went also after him.
Read Robert Jamieson on 2 Samuel 20 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleHe went; either, 1. Joab, who pursued Sheba through all the tribes as far as Abel. Or rather, 2. Sheba, who was last mentioned, who marched from tribe to tribe to stir them up to sedition; and to him the following words seem best to agree. Unto Abel, and to Beth-aachah, or rather, to Abel, even to Beth-maachah, i.e. unto Abel-beth-maachah, as this place is called here in the Hebrew text, , to distinguish it from other Abels; and to signify that this was that Abel which was in the tribe of Naphtali in the northern border of Canaan, towards that part of Syria called Maachah, . The Berites; such as lived in the city or territory of Beeroth of Benjamin, , who being of the same tribe, if not…
Read Matthew Poole on 2 Samuel 20 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments2 Samuel 20:14 And he went through all the tribes of Israel unto Abel, and to Bethmaachah, and all the Berites: and they were gathered together, and went also after him.Ver. 14. And he went through all the tribes of Israel.] First Sheba did, and then Joab at the heels of him, as our forces were at the heels of the gunpowder plotters, who fled from one county to another, after that they were discovered, but could not escape the divine vengeance: which the Greeks fitly call Aδραστεια, because it cannot be avoided.
Read John Trapp on 2 Samuel 20 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(14) Unto Abel, and to Beth-maachah.—Abel has been identified with the modern Christian village of Abil (called “Abil-el-Kamh,” on account of the excellence of its wheat (north-west of Lake Huleh). It is called “Abel-Beth-maachah,” in 2 Samuel 20:15 (the “of” should be omitted), and is spoken of under that name in 1 Kings 15:20 and 2 Kings 15:29 in connection with Ijon and Dan, and in the same connection is called “Abel-maim” (“Abel of waters”) in 2 Chronicles 16:4, to distinguish it from other places of the same name. It was at the extreme north of the land. All the Berites.—Apparently a family, or clan, in the north of Israel, otherwise entirely unknown. The LXX. and Vulg. here apparently…
Read Charles John Ellicott on 2 Samuel 20 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 14. Unto Abel] This is supposed to have been the capital of the district called Abilene in St. Luke's Gospel, Lu 3:1. Beth-maachah] Is supposed to have been in the northern part of the Holy Land, on the confines of Syria, and probably in the tribe of Naphtali.
Read AdamClarke on 2 Samuel 20 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges14–22. Sheba besieged in Abel-Beth-Maachah 14. And he went] Joab marched rapidly northward, gathering forces as he went. unto Abel, and to Beth-maachah] Abel was apparently near Beth-Maachah, which is not elsewhere mentioned as a distinct place, and was commonly called Abel-beth-Maachah to distinguish it from other places named Abel (= meadow). It was also known as Abel Maim = meadow of waters (2 Chronicles 16:4). It was one of the towns which fell a prey to Benhadad (1 Kings 15:20), and afterwards to Tiglath-pileser (2 Kings 15:29). The name Maachah may point to some connexion with the Syrian kingdom of that name (ch. 2 Samuel 10:6). Its site is supposed to be marked by the village of…
Read Cambridge on 2 Samuel 20 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleAbel - More commonly called 2 Samuel 20:15 “Abel-Beth-maachah” to distinguish it from other places of the name of “Abel” (a grassy plain).
Read Albert Barnes on 2 Samuel 20 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Sheba passed through all the tribes of Israel to Abel-beth-maacah and through the entire region of the Berites, who gathered together and followed him.
He went through all the tribes of Israel to Abel, to Beth Maacah, and all the Berites. They were gathered together, and went also after him.
Sheba passed through all the tribes of Israel to Abel-beth-maacah and through the entire region of the Berites, who gathered together and followed him.
Sheba traveled through all the tribes of Israel to Abel of Beth Maacah and all the Berite region. When they had assembled, they too joined him.
Tyndale line
¶ And he went through all the tribes of Israel unto Abel, and to Beth-maachah, and all the Berites: and they were gathered together, and went also after him.
And he went through all the tribes of Israel unto Abel, and to Beth-maacah, and all the Berites: and they were gathered together, and went also after him.
And he went through all the tribes of Israel unto Abel, and to Beth-maacah, and all the Berites: and they were gathered together, and went also after him.
And he went through all the tribes of Israel to Abel, and to Beth-maachah, and all the Berites: and they were assembled, and went also after him.
And he went through all the tribes of Israel vnto Abel, and Bethmaachah and all places of Berim: and they gathered together, and went also after him.
Strictly literal
who went through all the tribes of Israel to Abel, and to Beth-Maacah, and all the Berim; and they gathered together, and went also after him.
And he passeth over through all the tribes of Israel to Abel, and to Beth-Maachah, and to all the Berites, and they are assembled, and go in also after him,
And he passes over through all the tribes of Israel to Abel, and to Beth-Maachah, and to all the Berites, and they are assembled, and also go in after him,
And this one passed through all the tribes of Israel unto Abel, which is of Beth-ma'achah, and all the Berim: and they assembled themselves together, and went also after him.
Sheba passed through all the tribes of Israel to Abel of Beth Maacah, and through all the land of the Bikrites, who gathered together and also pursued Sheba.
From the Latin
Now he had passed through all the tribes of Israel unto Abela and Bethmaacha: and all the chosen men were gathered together unto him.
Simplified
In the meantime Sheba had gone around all the tribes of Israel and eventually ended up in the town of Abel-beth-maacah. All the Bichrites gathered for battle and followed him into the town.
And Sheba went through all the tribes of Israel, to Abel of Beth-maacah; and all the Bichrites came together and went in after him.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text aligns with the Septuagint in most of the wording, though the Septuagint's structure and articles differ. The Dead Sea Scrolls fragment shows partial agreement with the Masoretic Text, indicating that the core elements of the verse have remained consistent across these witnesses.
וַֽיַּעֲבֹ֞ר בְּכָל־ שִׁבְטֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אָבֵ֛לָה וּבֵ֥ית מַעֲכָ֖ה וְכָל־ הַבֵּרִ֑ים ס וַיִּקָּ֣הֲל֔וּ וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ אַף־ אַחֲרָֽיו׃
9 of the 13 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
[ויעבור] [בכול] [שבטי] [ישראל] אבל׳ה [ובית] מעכה
7 words of the verse are on this fragment — 2 partly restored, 5 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 2 Samuel 20:14
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word עָבַר (abar) is a versatile verb meaning to pass over, through, or by, and it encompasses a range of actions including crossing, traversing, and alienating. It can also imply causing something to pass or be transferred, as well as emotional states like anger in its Hithpael form. The entries highlight its use in various contexts, though they do not provide specific verse references.
עָבַר 648 vb. pass over, through, by, pass on
Qal
pass over
Pass beyond
Pass through, traverse
pass along by
pass by
sweep by, of scourge
be past, over, of time
pass along (from hand to hand)
Pass on, go on
Pass away
Niph. Impf. a stream which cannot be forded
Pi.
his bull impregnateth
cause one to cross river
cause something to pass over
make over to
devote children to (לְ) heathen god
pass along (from hand to hand)
cause to pass through
let pass through
cause to pass by
let pass by
cause arrow to pass beyond
cause to pass under rod, for counting
cause to pass away, take away
Hiph.
cause to pass over, bring over
he made to pass across with chains of gold
base
[עָבַר] vb. denom. Hithp. be arrogant, infuriate oneself
base
H5674a עָבַר pass over, through, by, pass on .. pass over
. Pass beyond
. Pass through, traverse
. . pass along by
. pass by
. sweep by, of scourge
. be past, over, of time
. pass along (from hand to hand)
. Pass on, go on
. Pass away
. Impf. a stream which cannot be forded
. . his bull impregnateth . cause one to cross river
. cause something to pass over
. make over to
. devote children to (לְ) heathen god
. pass along (from hand to hand)
. . cause to pass through
. let pass through
. . cause to pass by
. let pass by
. cause arrow to pass beyond
. cause to pass under rod, for counting
. cause to pass away, take away
. . cause to pass over, bring over
. he made to pass across with chains of gold
H5674b עָבַר vb. denom. Hithp. be arrogant, infuriate oneself
5674 `abar aw-bar'
a primitive root; to cross over; used very widely of any
transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive,
intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
copulation):--alienate, alter, X at all, beyond, bring (over,
through), carry over, (over-)come (on, over), conduct (over),
convey over, current, deliver, do away, enter, escape, fail,
gender, get over, (make) go (away, beyond, by, forth, his way,
in, on, over, through), have away (more), lay, meddle,
overrun, make partition, (cause to, give, make to, over)
pass(-age, along, away, beyond, by, -enger, on, out, over,
through), (cause to, make) + proclaim(-amation), perish,
provoke to anger, put away, rage, + raiser of taxes, remove,
send over, set apart, + shave, cause to (make) sound, X
speedily, X sweet smelling, take (away), (make to)
transgress(-or), translate, turn away, (way-)faring man, be
wrath.
עָבַר (a.var) — to pass.
1) to pass over or by or through, alienate, bring, carry, do away, take, take away, transgress
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to pass over, cross, cross over, pass over, march over, overflow, go over
1a2) to pass beyond
1a3) to pass through, traverse
1a3a) passers-through (participle)
1a3b) to pass through (the parts of victim in covenant)
1a4) to pass along, pass by, overtake and pass, sweep by
1a4a) passer-by (participle)
1a4b) to be past, be over
1a5) to pass on, go on, pass on before, go in advance of, pass along, travel, advance
1a6) to pass away
1a6a) to emigrate, leave (one's territory)
1a6b) to vanish
1a6c) to perish, cease to exist
1a6d) to become invalid, become obsolete (of law, decree)
1a6e) to be alienated, pass into other hands
1b) (Niphal) to be crossed
1c) (Piel) to impregnate, cause to cross
1d) (Hiphil)
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person masculine singularHc/Vqw3ms
כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.
כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all
with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
Absolutely:
without the art., all things, all
with the art. הַכֹּל
where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
base
H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all
. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
3605 kol kole
or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;
hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a
plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any
(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as
many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,
whoso(-ever).
see HEBREW for 03634
כֹּל (kol) — all.
1) all, the whole
1a) all, the whole of
1b) any, each, every, anything
1c) totality, everything
Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular constructHR/Ncmsc
ol: Used in various combinations, and with different meanings.
(1) All along, "Weeping all along as he went" (Jer 41:6), i.e. throughout the whole way he went, feigning equal concern with the men from Shiloh, etc., for the destruction of the Temple, so as to put them off their guard.
(2) All in all, "That God may be all in all" (1Co 15:28, Greek: panta en pasin, "all things in all (persons and) things"). "The universe, with all it comprises, will wholly answer to God's will and reflect His mind" (Dummelow).
שֵׁ֫בֶט (shebet) refers to both a physical object and a social group. It can mean a rod, staff, or sceptre, often associated with authority or punishment, as well as a tribe or clan. The word is built from a root likely meaning to branch off, indicating both literal and figurative uses.
שֵׁ֫בֶט 189 n.m. 1. rod, staff, club, sceptre. 2. tribe
base
H7626 שֵׁ֫בֶט 1. rod, staff, club, sceptre. 2. tribe
7626 shebet shay'-bet
from an unused root probably meaning to branch off; a scion,
i.e. (literally) a stick (for punishing, writing, fighting,
ruling, walking, etc.) or (figuratively) a clan:--X
correction, dart, rod, sceptre, staff, tribe.
שֵׁ֫בֶט (she.vet) — tribe: staff.
: staff
1) rod, staff, branch, offshoot, club, sceptre, tribe
1a) rod, staff
1b) shaft (of spear, dart)
1c) club (of shepherd's implement)
1d) truncheon, sceptre (mark of authority)
1e) clan, tribe
שֵׁ֫בֶט (she.vet) — tribe.
: tribe
1) rod, staff, branch, offshoot, club, sceptre, tribe
1a) rod, staff
1b) shaft (of spear, dart)
1c) club (of shepherd's implement)
1d) truncheon, sceptre (mark of authority)
1e) clan, tribe
שֵׁ֫בֶט (she.vet) — tribe: javelin.
: javelin
1) rod, staff, branch, offshoot, club, sceptre, tribe
1a) rod, staff
1b) shaft (of spear, dart)
1c) club (of shepherd's implement)
1d) truncheon, sceptre (mark of authority)
1e) clan, tribe
שֵׁ֫בֶט (she.vet) — tribe: ruler.
: ruler
1) rod, staff, branch, offshoot, club, sceptre, tribe
1a) rod, staff
1b) shaft (of spear, dart)
1c) club (of shepherd's implement)
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural constructHNcmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisra'el) refers to both the second name of Jacob, meaning 'God prevails,' and the name of the Hebrew nation descended from him. It is derived from roots meaning 'to rule' and 'God.' The term encompasses Jacob's descendants and is used historically for the northern kingdom of Israel and the nation as a whole after the Babylonian exile.
יִשְׂרָאֵל 2507 n.pr.m. et gent. Israel (Ēl persisteth, persevereth)
n.pr.m. second name of Jacob
n.pr.gent. name of Hebrew nation
base
H3478 יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel (Ēl persisteth, persevereth) . n. pr. m. second name of Jacob
. n. pr. gent. name of Hebrew nation
3478 Yisra'el yis-raw-ale'
from 8280 and 410; he will rule as God; Jisrael, a symbolical
name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity:
--Israel.
see HEBREW for 08280
see HEBREW for 0410
יִשְׂרָאֵל (yis.ra.el) — Israel.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.25.26;
son of: Isaac (H3327) and Rebekah (H7259);
brother of: Esau (H6215); married to Rachel (H7354), Leah (H3812), Zilpah (H2153) and Bilhah (H1090A);
father of: Reuben (H7205), Simeon (H8095), Levi (H3878), Judah (H3063), Dan (H1835H), Naphtali (H5321), Gad (H1410), Asher (H0836), Issachar (H3485), Zebulun (H2074), Dinah (H1783), Joseph (H3130) and Benjamin (H1144); also called Jacob frequently
§ Israel = "God prevails"
1) the second name for Jacob given to him by God after his wrestling with the angel at Peniel
2) the name of the descendants and the nation of the descendants of Jacob
2a) the name of the nation until the death of Solomon and the split
N-proper — Noun properHNpl
iz'-ra-el.
See JACOB.
Israel
The name conferred on Jacob after the great prayer-struggle at Peniel (Gen. 32:28), because “as a prince he had power with God and prevailed.” (See JACOB.) This is the common name given to Jacob’s descendants. The whole people of the twelve tribes are called “Israelites,” the “children of Israel” (Josh. 3:17; 7:25; Judg. 8:27; Jer. 3:21), and the “house of Israel” (Ex. 16:31; 40:38).
This name Israel is sometimes used emphatically for the true Israel (Ps. 73:1: Isa. 45:17; 49:3;
(the prince that prevails with God). The name given, (Genesis 32:28) to Jacob after his wrestling with the angel, (Hosea 12:4) at Peniel. Gesenius interprets Israel "soldier of God." It became the national name of the twelve tribes collectively. They are so called in (Exodus 3:16) and afterward. It is used in a narrower sense, excluding Judah, in (1 Samuel 11:8; 2 Samuel 20:1; 1 Kings 12:16) Thenceforth it was assumed and accepted as the name of the northern kingdom. After the Babylonian captivity, the returned exiles resumed the name Israel as the designation of…
Who prevails with God, a name given to Jacob, after having wrestled with the Angel-Jehovah at Penuel. Ge 32:1,2,28,30 Ho 12:3. See JACOB. By the name Israel is sometimes understood all the posterity of Israel, the seed of Jacob, 1Co 10:18; sometimes all true believers, his spiritual seed, Ro 9:6; and sometimes the kingdom of Israel, or the ten tribes, as distinct from the kingdom of Judah.
אָבֵל n.f.
meadow (?)
n.pr.loc. city in N. Isr.; = א׳ מַיִם
אָבֵל הַשִּׁטִּים n.pr.loc. (= acacia-meadow) in lowlands of Moab
אָבֵל כְּרָמִים n.pr.loc. (= vineyard-meadow) in Ammon
אָבֵל מְחוֹלָה n.pr.loc. (= dance-meadow) Elisha’s birthplace
אָבֵל מִצְרַיִם n.pr.loc. (= meadow of Egypt, i.e. fertile as Egypt ?) E. of Jordan
base
H62 אָבֵל, אָבֵל, אָבֵל בֵּית־מֲעַכָה, אָבֵל הַשִּׁטִּים, אָבֵל כְּרָמִים, אָבֵל מְחוֹלָה, אַבֵל מַיִם, אָבֵל מִצְרַיִם
62 'Abel Beyth-Ma`akah aw-bale' bayth ma-a-kaw'
from 58 and 1004 and 4601; meadow of Beth-Maakah; Abel of
Beth-maakah, a place in Palestine:--Abel-beth-maachah, Abel
of Beth-maachah,
see HEBREW for 058
see HEBREW for 01004
see HEBREW for 04601
אָבֵל בֵּית־מֲעַכָה (a.vel bet-ma.a.khah) — Abel-beth-maachah.
Abel Beth Maachah = "meadow of the house of Maachah"
city in northern Israel near Beth Maachah
HNpl/Sd — Noun proper · suffixHNpl/Sd
אָבֵל n.f.
meadow (?)
n.pr.loc. city in N. Isr.; = א׳ מַיִם
אָבֵל הַשִּׁטִּים n.pr.loc. (= acacia-meadow) in lowlands of Moab
אָבֵל כְּרָמִים n.pr.loc. (= vineyard-meadow) in Ammon
אָבֵל מְחוֹלָה n.pr.loc. (= dance-meadow) Elisha’s birthplace
אָבֵל מִצְרַיִם n.pr.loc. (= meadow of Egypt, i.e. fertile as Egypt ?) E. of Jordan
base
H62 אָבֵל, אָבֵל, אָבֵל בֵּית־מֲעַכָה, אָבֵל הַשִּׁטִּים, אָבֵל כְּרָמִים, אָבֵל מְחוֹלָה, אַבֵל מַיִם, אָבֵל מִצְרַיִם
62 'Abel Beyth-Ma`akah aw-bale' bayth ma-a-kaw'
from 58 and 1004 and 4601; meadow of Beth-Maakah; Abel of
Beth-maakah, a place in Palestine:--Abel-beth-maachah, Abel
of Beth-maachah,
see HEBREW for 058
see HEBREW for 01004
see HEBREW for 04601
אָבֵל בֵּית־מֲעַכָה (a.vel bet-ma.a.khah) — Abel-beth-maachah.
Abel Beth Maachah = "meadow of the house of Maachah"
city in northern Israel near Beth Maachah
HC/Ncmsc — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular constructHC/Ncmsc
Beth
Occurs frequently as the appellation for a house, or dwelling-place, in such compounds as the words immediately following:
the most general word for a house or habitation. It has the special meaning of a temple or house of worship Beth is more frequently employed in compound names of places than any other word.
House, forms a part of many compounds names of places, and sometimes means the place or dwelling; and at others the temple. This word becomes Beit in modern Arabic.
אָבֵל n.f.
meadow (?)
n.pr.loc. city in N. Isr.; = א׳ מַיִם
אָבֵל הַשִּׁטִּים n.pr.loc. (= acacia-meadow) in lowlands of Moab
אָבֵל כְּרָמִים n.pr.loc. (= vineyard-meadow) in Ammon
אָבֵל מְחוֹלָה n.pr.loc. (= dance-meadow) Elisha’s birthplace
אָבֵל מִצְרַיִם n.pr.loc. (= meadow of Egypt, i.e. fertile as Egypt ?) E. of Jordan
base
H62 אָבֵל, אָבֵל, אָבֵל בֵּית־מֲעַכָה, אָבֵל הַשִּׁטִּים, אָבֵל כְּרָמִים, אָבֵל מְחוֹלָה, אַבֵל מַיִם, אָבֵל מִצְרַיִם
62 'Abel Beyth-Ma`akah aw-bale' bayth ma-a-kaw'
from 58 and 1004 and 4601; meadow of Beth-Maakah; Abel of
Beth-maakah, a place in Palestine:--Abel-beth-maachah, Abel
of Beth-maachah,
see HEBREW for 058
see HEBREW for 01004
see HEBREW for 04601
אָבֵל בֵּית־מֲעַכָה (a.vel bet-ma.a.khah) — Abel-beth-maachah.
Abel Beth Maachah = "meadow of the house of Maachah"
city in northern Israel near Beth Maachah
HNpl — Noun properHNpl
ma'-a-ka (ma`akhah; Septuagint: Codex Vaticanus Mocha; Codex Alexandrinus Maacha): A small Syrian kingdom adjoining that of Geshur on the western border of Bashan, the inhabitants of which are called Maachathites (the Revised Version (British and American) "Maacathites"), whose territory was taken by Jair (De 3:14; Jos 12:5). The border of the Geshurites and the Maacathites and all Mt. Hermon were given to the half-tribe of Manasseh (Jos 13:11). The inhabitants of these kingdoms, however, were not driven out by Israel (Jos 13:13), and at a later day the children of Ammon hired mercenaries from Maacah for their encounter with David. The armies met near Medeba when the…
(oppression). The mother of Absalom; also called MAACHAH. (2 Samuel 3:3) Maacah, or (in (1 Chronicles 19:6,7)) Maachah, a small kingdom in close proximity to Palestine which appears to have lain outside Argob, (3:14) and Bashun. (Joshua 12:5) The Ammonite war was the only occasion on which the Maacathites came into contact with Israel when their king assisted the Ammonites against Joab with a force which he led himself. (2 Samuel 10:6,8; 1 Chronicles 19:7)
כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.
כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all
with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
Absolutely:
without the art., all things, all
with the art. הַכֹּל
where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
base
H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all
. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
3605 kol kole
or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;
hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a
plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any
(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as
many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,
whoso(-ever).
see HEBREW for 03634
כֹּל (kol) — all.
1) all, the whole
1a) all, the whole of
1b) any, each, every, anything
1c) totality, everything
Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
Conj | N-ms — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular constructHC/Ncmsc
ol: Used in various combinations, and with different meanings.
(1) All along, "Weeping all along as he went" (Jer 41:6), i.e. throughout the whole way he went, feigning equal concern with the men from Shiloh, etc., for the destruction of the Temple, so as to put them off their guard.
(2) All in all, "That God may be all in all" (1Co 15:28, Greek: panta en pasin, "all things in all (persons and) things"). "The universe, with all it comprises, will wholly answer to God's will and reflect His mind" (Dummelow).
בֵּרִים (Beriy) refers to the Berites, a group mentioned in the context of the Old Testament, specifically in 2 Samuel 20:1. This term is used only in the plural and denotes people descended from Beri, who lived during the United Monarchy. The name may imply a connection to a well, suggesting a geographical or cultural significance.
בֵּרִים 2 S 20:14 obscure
ref
H1276 בֵּרִים
1276 Beriy bay-ree'
of uncertain derivation; (only in the plural and with the
article) the Berites, a place in Palestine:--Berites.
בֵּרִים (be.ri) — Bichrites.
People descended from Beri, a man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.20.1;
father of: Sheba (H7652A)
Group of bikh.ri (בִּכְרִי "Bichri" H1075)
§ Berites = "my well: of the well"
a tribe who are named with Abel and Beth-maachah, and who were therefore doubtless situated in the north of Palestine
Art | Ngmpa — Particle · noun gentilic masculine plural absoluteHTd/Ngmpa
be'-rits (berim; according to Klostermann and others, bikhrim): The word is found only once in the Old Testament (2Sa 20:14). The passage seems to be doubtful. The suggestion of Klostermann does not improve matters any; the other proposed reading, bachrim (Vulgate, viri electi), "choice young men," is to be preferred.
קָהַל (qahal) is a verb meaning to assemble or gather, often for religious or political purposes. It can denote both the act of gathering together and the summoning of an assembly, particularly in contexts of war or judgment. The term is derived from a root that emphasizes the idea of convocation.
[קָהַל] vb. denom. assemble as a קָהָל
Niph. assemble as a קָהָל
Hiph. summon an assembly
base
H6950 קָהַל vb. denom. assemble as a קָהָל
6950 qahal 'kaw-hal'
a primitive root; to convoke:--assemble (selves) (together),
gather (selves) (together).
קָהַל (qa.hal) — to gather.
1) to assemble, gather
1a) (Niphal) to assemble
1a1) for religious reasons
1a2) for political reasons
1b) (Hiphil) to summon an assembly
1b1) for war, judgment
1b2) for religious purposes
Also means: qa.lah (קָלַהּ "to gather" H7035)
Hc/VNw3mp — Verb · Niphal · sequential imperfect third person masculine pluralHc/VNw3mp
בּוֹא (bo) is a Hebrew verb meaning to come or go in, with a wide range of applications including entering, arriving, and bringing in. It can refer to both physical movement and abstract concepts like events coming to pass. The verb appears in various forms, such as Qal (to come), Hiphil (to cause to come), and Hophal (to be brought). There is no significant disagreement among lexicons regarding its meanings.
בּוֹא 2569 vb. come in, come, go in, go
Qal
come in
come (approach, arrive)
go, i.e. walk, associate with
go from speaker, but with limit of motion given
Hiph.
cause to come in, bring in (conduct, lead, obj. persons and animals)
cause to come, bring, bring near, etc. (animate obj.)
Hoph.
be brought in (of pers. and things)
be brought
be introduced, put
base
H935 בּוֹא come in, come, go in, go .. come in
. come (approach, arrive)
. go, i.e. walk, associate with
. go from speaker, but with limit of motion given
. . cause to come in, bring in (conduct, lead, obj. persons and animals)
. cause to come, bring, bring near, etc. (animate obj.)
. . be brought in (of pers. and things)
. be brought
. be introduced, put
935 bow' bo
a primitive root; to go or come (in a wide variety of
applications):--abide, apply, attain, X be, befall, +
besiege, bring (forth, in, into, to pass), call, carry, X
certainly, (cause, let, thing for) to come (against, in, out,
upon, to pass), depart, X doubtless again, + eat, + employ,
(cause to) enter (in, into, -tering, -trance, -try), be
fallen, fetch, + follow, get, give, go (down, in, to war),
grant, + have, X indeed, (in-)vade, lead, lift (up), mention,
pull in, put, resort, run (down), send, set, X (well) stricken
(in age), X surely, take (in), way.
בּוֹא (bo) — to come (in): come.
: come/go_in
1) to go in, enter, come, go, come in
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to enter, come in
1a2) to come
1a2a) to come with
1a2b) to come upon, fall or light upon, attack (enemy)
1a2c) to come to pass
1a3) to attain to
1a4) to be enumerated
1a5) to go
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to lead in
1b2) to carry in
1b3) to bring in, cause to come in, gather, cause to come, bring near, bring against, bring upon
1b4) to bring to pass
1c) (Hophal)
1c1) to be brought, brought in
1c2) to be introduced, be put
לְב֥וֹא (bo) — Lebo-(Hamath).
This name means to go in, enter
Combined with cha.mat (חֲמָת "Hamath" H2574)
בּוֹא (bo) — to come (in): towards.
: towards/entrance
1) to go in, enter, come, go, come in
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to enter, come in
1a2) to come
1a2a) to come with
1a2b) to come upon, fall or light upon, attack (enemy)
1a2c) to come to pass
1a3) to attain to
1a4) to be enumerated
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person masculine pluralHc/Vqw3mp
The Hebrew word אַף (aph) is a conjunction that indicates addition, often implying something greater. It can mean 'also,' 'yea,' or 'though,' and is used to connect ideas in a sentence. The entries highlight its use as both an adverb and conjunction, with a focus on its additive nature.
אַף conj. denoting addition, esp. of something greater, also, yea
base
H637 אַף conj. denoting addition, esp. of something greater, also, yea
637 'aph af
a primitive particle; meaning accession (used as an adverb or
conjunction); also or yea; adversatively though:--also, +
although, and (furthermore, yet), but, even, + how much less
(more, rather than), moreover, with, yea.
אַף (aph) — also.
conj (denoting addition, esp of something greater)
1) also, yea, though, so much the more
adv
2) furthermore, indeed
Aramaic equivalent: aph (אַף "also" H0638)
HTj — ParticleHTj
ol'-so: In the Greek kai, when it is equivalent to "also" or "even," is always placed before the word or phrase which it is intended to emphasize (e.g. Ac 12:3; 1 Joh 4:21). Mt 6:14 should therefore read, "Your heavenly Father will forgive you also"; Lu 6:13, "Whom also he named apostles"; Heb 8:6, "The mediator of a better covenant also"; and 1Th 4:14, `If we believe that Jesus died and rose again, so also (we believe that) those who are fallen asleep in Jesus, God will bring with Him.'
The Hebrew word אַחַר (*achar*) primarily denotes the concept of 'after' or 'behind' in both spatial and temporal contexts. It functions as a substantive, adverb, preposition, and conjunction, indicating a following part or time. The related form אַחֲרַי (*acharai*) refers to a person who turns backwards. There is a reference to Proverbs 28:23 in relation to the latter.
אַחַר prop. subst. the hinder or following part
adv.
of place, behind
of time, afterwards
prep.
of place, behind, after
of time, after
conj. after that.
H310a אַחַר prop. subst. the hinder or following part . adv. . of place, behind
. of time, afterwards
. prep. . of place, behind, after
. of time, after
. conj. after that.
H310b אַחֲרַי a man that turneth backwards.
310 'achar akh-ar'
from 309; properly, the hind part; generally used as an
adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses):--after
(that, -ward), again, at, away from, back (from, -side),
behind, beside, by, follow (after, -ing), forasmuch, from,
hereafter, hinder end, + out (over) live, + persecute,
posterity, pursuing, remnant, seeing, since, thence(-forth),
when, with.
see HEBREW for 0309
אַחַר (a.char) — after.
1) after the following part, behind (of place), hinder, afterwards (of time)
1a) as an adverb
1a1) behind (of place)
1a2) afterwards (of time)
1b) as a preposition
1b1) behind, after (of place)
1b2) after (of time)
1b3) besides
1c) as a conjunction
1c) after that
1d) as a substantive
1d1) hinder part
1e) with other prepositions
1e1) from behind
1e2) from following after
אַחֲרַי (a.cha.ray) — backwards.
backwards (of a man that turns backwards)
Prep | Suff — SuffixHAcmpc/Sp3ms