Ecclesiastes 12:11 — Word Study
WLCדִּבְרֵ֤י חֲכָמִים֙ כַּדָּ֣רְבֹנ֔וֹת וּֽכְמַשְׂמְר֥וֹת נְטוּעִ֖ים בַּעֲלֵ֣י אֲסֻפּ֑וֹת נִתְּנ֖וּ מֵרֹעֶ֥ה אֶחָֽד׃
BSAThe wordsdâbâr [utterances, sayings] of the wisechâkâm [intelligent, skilled, wise or skilled] are like goadsdorbôwn [sharp sticks, cattle prods] and the anthologiesʼăçuppâh△ [collections, sayings] of the mastersbaʻal [leaders, owners, master or owner] are like firmly embeddednâṭaʻ nailsmasmᵉrâh△ [nails fastened, pegs] drivennâthan■ by a singleʼechâd [one, united, one or unique] Shepherdrâʻâh [pastor, ruler, to care for or tend to]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| דִּבְרֵ֤י | [the] words of | Noun common, masculine plural construct |
| חֲכָמִים֙ | wise [people] | Adj |
| כַּדָּ֣רְבֹנ֔וֹת | [are] like goads | Preposition, noun common feminine plural absolute |
| וּֽכְמַשְׂמְר֥וֹת | and [are] like nails | Conjunction, preposition, noun common feminine plural absolute |
| נְטוּעִ֖ים | firmly fixed | Verb, Qal, participle (passive) masculine plural |
| בַּעֲלֵ֣י | masters of | Noun common, masculine plural construct |
| אֲסֻפּ֑וֹת | collections | Noun common, feminine plural absolute |
| נִתְּנ֖וּ | they are given | Verb, Niphal, perfect third person common plural |
| מֵרֹעֶ֥ה | from a shepherd | Preposition, verb qal participle (active) masculine singular |
| אֶחָֽד׃ | one | Adj |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | The words of the wise are like goads, and the anthologies of the masters are like firmly embedded nails driven by a single Shepherd. |
| KJV | The words of the wise are as goads, and as nails fastened by the masters of assemblies, which are given from one shepherd. |
| ASV | The words of the wise are as goads; and as nails well fastened are the words of the masters of assemblies, which are given from one shepherd. |
| YLT | Words of the wise [are] as goads, and as fences planted [by] the masters of collections, they have been given by one shepherd. |
| WEB | The words of the wise are like goads; and like nails well fastened are words from the masters of assemblies, which are given from one shepherd. |
| BBE | The words of the wise are pointed, and sayings grouped together are like nails fixed with a hammer; they are given by one guide. |
Where they part company is כַּדָּ֣רְבֹנ֔וֹת — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence has a main clause with two comparative phrases, illustrating the dual nature of wisdom and instruction.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbנָטַע
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
2 of 10 occur nowhere else in the Old Testament — words chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Ecclesiastes 12:11
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Teacher's Reflections on Wisdomgenerated
Ecclesiastes 12:11 is part of a larger discourse where the Teacher emphasizes the importance of wisdom and understanding. In this passage, the Teacher contrasts the nature of wise sayings with the solid teachings of masters, illustrating how both serve to guide and instruct individuals in their lives. This verse follows a reflection on the pursuit of knowledge and concludes with a call to fear God and keep His commandments, as seen in the surrounding verses.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Jeremiah 23:29 | “Is not My word like fire,” declares the LORD, “and like a hammer that smashes a rock?” |
| 2 | Matthew 3:7 | But when John saw many of the Pharisees and Sadducees coming to his place of baptism, he said to them, “You brood of vipers, who warned you to flee from the coming wrath? |
| 3 | Acts 2:37 | When the people heard this, they were cut to the heart and asked Peter and the other apostles, “Brothers, what shall we do?” |
| 4 | 2 Corinthians 10:4 | The weapons of our warfare are not the weapons of the world. Instead, they have divine power to demolish strongholds. |
| 5 | Hebrews 4:12 | For the word of God is living and active. Sharper than any double-edged sword, it pierces even to dividing soul and spirit, joints and marrow. It judges the thoughts and intentions of the heart. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 14 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — דִּבְרֵ֤י, div.Reigenerated
The word דָּבָר (dabar) means 'word' or 'speech' and encompasses a range of meanings including discourse, saying, and matter. It can refer to anything spoken or a topic of discussion, extending to concepts like business or affairs. In this verse, it highlights the significance of the wise sayings being compared to goads, emphasizing their guiding nature.
The parsing indicates that דִּבְרֵי is a masculine plural construct noun, suggesting that it refers to multiple utterances or sayings, which enhances the idea that wisdom is not singular but rather a collection of insights from various wise individuals.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb נִתְּנ֖וּ, they are given, governs the entire verse, with two main comparisons following: the words of the wise likened to goads and the anthologies of the masters likened to firmly embedded nails. This structure emphasizes the dual nature of wisdom and instruction.
The Hebrew word order places the subject דִּבְרֵי at the beginning, highlighting the importance of the words of the wise, while the second comparison introduces אֲסֻפּ֑וֹת later in the sentence, showing the relationship between wisdom and the collections of masters.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
In the Septuagint, the Hebrew דִּבְרֵי is rendered as λόγοι (logoi), which also means 'words' but carries a broader connotation of discourse. This choice aligns with the idea of wisdom being expressed through various sayings.
The Greek term ἧλοι for מַשְׂמְרָה indicates a similar understanding of nails, suggesting a strong connection between the teachings of the masters and their ability to secure and stabilize.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Ecclesiastes 12:11 compares the wise words to goads, which guide and direct, while the collections of masters are likened to firmly embedded nails that provide stability. This highlights the importance of wisdom and instruction in our lives.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Wise words guide us and direct our actions, much like a goad directs animals. They prompt us to move in the right direction.
The anthologies of the masters provide a firm foundation for understanding and stability in our lives, just as nails secure objects in place.
The single Shepherd symbolizes unity and guidance, suggesting that all wisdom ultimately comes from a singular source of authority.
By seeking wisdom and understanding from various sources and applying them to your life, you can navigate challenges and make informed decisions.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways have wise words guided my decisions in life?
- How can I seek out the teachings of masters to deepen my understanding?
- What role does unity play in the guidance I receive from different sources of wisdom?
- How can I ensure that the wisdom I follow is firmly rooted and reliable?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Church Fathers have commented on this verse, emphasizing the nature of wisdom and its guidance in life.
All the Scriptures are “words of the wise like goads, and as nails firmly fixed which were given by agreement from one shepherd,” and there is nothing superfluous in them.Early Church Fathers on Ecclesiastes 12 →
And likewise it is a pleasant thing to endeavor to understand and exhibit the fact of the concord of the two covenants—of the one before the bodily advent of the Savior and of the new covenant.Early Church Fathers on Ecclesiastes 12 →
Let your discourses then be flowing, let them be clear and lucid; pour the sweetness of your moral arguments into the ears of the people, and sooth them with the charm of your words, that so they may willingly follow your guidance.Early Church Fathers on Ecclesiastes 12 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Ecclesiastes 12:11 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleThe words of the wise [are] as goads,.... As the goad teacheth the ox; so the Targum.
Read John Gill on Ecclesiastes 12 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryVanity of vanities, saith the preacher; all is vanity. A summary of the first part. Vanity of vanities. Resumption of the sentiment with which the book began (Ecclesiastes 1:2; 1 John 2:17). Verse 9.
Read Robert Jamieson on Ecclesiastes 12 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleThe words of the wise; not of secularly or politicly wise men, but of the spiritually wise and holy men of God; of which, and not of the former, this whole context treats. As goads, and as nails, piercing into men’ s dull minds and hard hearts, and quickening and provoking them to the practice of all their duties. Fastened; which do not only amuse and startle men for the present, as the wise and grave counsels of moral philosophers frequently do, but make powerful and abiding impressions in them; which is the peculiar effect of God’ s word. By the masters of assemblies; by the teachers of God’ s church and people, whether prophets or others, appointed by God for that work. Which are given…
Read Matthew Poole on Ecclesiastes 12 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsEcclesiastes 12:11 The words of the wise [are] as goads, and as nails fastened [by] the masters of assemblies, [which] are given from one shepherd.Ver. 11. The words of the wise are like goads.] To rouse up men’ s drowsy and drossy spirits; to drive them, as the eagle doth her young ones with her talons, out of the nest of carnal security; to awaken them out of the snare of the devil, who hath cast many into such a dead lethargy, such a dedolent disposition, that, like Dionysius the Heracleot, they can hardly feel sharpest goads, or needles thrust into their fat hearts - "fat as grease." St Peter so preached that his hearers were "pricked at heart." St Stephen so galled his adversaries that…
Read John Trapp on Ecclesiastes 12 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(11) Words of the wise.—In this and the next verse the weighty words of sages, such as was Kohéleth, are contrasted with the volubility of modern bookmakers. Though the general purpose of the verses is plain, the words used are enigmatical, and one cannot feel great confidence in assigning their precise meaning. The translation of our version fairly represents the original, if it is observed that the words “by” and “which,” which determine the meaning, are in italics. With regard to the “nail,” compare Ezra 9:8; Isaiah 22:23. The word “masters” we have had twice in this book already in the sense of possessor, “master of the tongue” (Ecclesiastes 10:11), “master of wings” (Ecclesiastes…
Read Charles John Ellicott on Ecclesiastes 12 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 11. The words of the wise] Doctrines of faith, illustrated by suitable language, are as nails fastened by the masters of assemblies, בעלי אספות baaley asuphoth, the masters of collections, those who had made the best collections of this kind, the matter of which was of the most excellent nature; every saying sinking as deeply into the mind, by the force of the truth contained in it, as a nail well pointed does into a board, when impelled by the hammer's force. These masters of collections have been supposed to be public persons appointed by the prince himself, the sole shepherd, to see that nothing was put into the people's hands but what would be profitable for them to read; and…
Read AdamClarke on Ecclesiastes 12 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges11. The words of the wise are as goads] The general fact is, of course, stated in special connexion with the book which furnishes the writer’s theme. They assert that its words also, sweet as they seem, are not without their sting, though, like the prick of the goad, it is for good and not for evil, urging men on to strong and vigorous labour in the fields of thought and action. The comparison was a natural one in any country, but we are reminded of what was said of the words of Pericles that his eloquence “left a sting (κέντρον) in the minds of his hearers (Eupolis, quoted by Liddell and Scott, s. v. κέντρον), and in part also of the Greek proverb, consecrated for us by a yet higher…
Read Cambridge on Ecclesiastes 12 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible11. The words of the wise are as goads — The writer gives the reason of his undertaking, suggesting, too, his ideal of what such work should be, as if his toil would be repaid should these words prove such.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Ecclesiastes 12 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
The words of the wise are like goads, and the anthologies of the masters are like firmly embedded nails driven by a single Shepherd.
The words of the wise are like goads; and like nails well fastened are words from the masters of assemblies, which are given from one shepherd.
The words of the wise are like goads, and the anthologies of the masters are like firmly embedded nails driven by a single Shepherd.
The words of the sages are like prods, and the collected sayings are like firmly fixed nails; they are given by one shepherd.
Tyndale line
The words of the wise are as goads, and as nails fastened by the masters of assemblies, which are given from one shepherd.
The words of the wise are as goads; and as nails well fastened are the words of the masters of assemblies, which are given from one shepherd.
The words of the wise are as goads, and as nails well fastened are the words of the masters of assemblies, which are given from one shepherd.
The words of the wise are as goads, and as nails fastened by the masters of assemblies, which are given from one shepherd.
The wordes of the wise are like goads, and like nailes fastened by the masters of the assemblies, which are giuen by one pastour.
Strictly literal
The words of the wise are as goads, and the collections [of them] as nails fastened in: they are given from one shepherd.
Words of the wise [are] as goads, and as fences planted [by] the masters of collections, they have been given by one shepherd.
Words of the wise [are] as the goads, and as nails planted [by] the masters of collections, they have been given by one Shepherd.
The words of the wise are like goads, and like nails fastened [are the words of] the men of the assemblies, which are given by one shepherd.
The words of wise people are like goads. Like nails driven deeply are the words of the masters in collections of their proverbs, which are taught by one shepherd.
From the Latin
The words of the wise are as goads, and as nails deeply fastened in, which by the counsel of masters are given from one shepherd.
Simplified
The words of the wise are like cattle prods. Their collected sayings are like nails driven home, given by one shepherd.
The words of the wise are pointed, and sayings grouped together are like nails fixed with a hammer; they are given by one guide.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text of Ecclesiastes 12:11 presents the phrase as 'The words of the wise are like goads, and the anthologies of the masters are like firmly embedded nails driven by a single Shepherd.' The Septuagint, while matching all ten words in a word-by-word correspondence, does not provide a direct translation in this instance, indicating that it may have a different sentence structure or interpretation. There are no significant differences in meaning between the Masoretic Text and the Septuagint in this verse, as both emphasize the wisdom and authority of the teachings being compared to goads and nails.
דִּבְרֵ֤י חֲכָמִים֙ כַּדָּ֣רְבֹנ֔וֹת וּֽכְמַשְׂמְר֥וֹת נְטוּעִ֖ים בַּעֲלֵ֣י אֲסֻפּ֑וֹת נִתְּנ֖וּ מֵרֹעֶ֥ה אֶחָֽד׃
10 of the 10 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Ecclesiastes 12:11
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
דָּבָר (dabar) means 'word' or 'speech' and encompasses a range of meanings including discourse, saying, and matter. It can refer to anything spoken or a topic of discussion, extending to concepts like business or affairs. The entries consistently highlight its use in various contexts, but do not indicate any significant disagreement among lexicographers.
דָּבָר 1439 n.m. speech, word
sg. speech, discourse, saying, word, as the sum of that which is spoken
sg. saying, utterance, sentence, as a section of a discourse
sg. a word, words
sg. matter, affair, thing about which one speaks
base
H1697 דָּבָר speech, word . sg. speech, discourse, saying, word, as the sum of that which is spoken
. sg. saying, utterance, sentence, as a section of a discourse
. sg. a word, words
. sg. matter, affair, thing about which one speaks
1697 dabar daw-baw'
from 1696; a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or
thing; adverbially, a cause:--act, advice, affair, answer, X
any such (thing), because of, book, business, care, case,
cause, certain rate, + chronicles, commandment, X
commune(-ication), + concern(-ing), + confer, counsel, +
dearth, decree, deed, X disease, due, duty, effect, +
eloquent, errand, (evil favoured-)ness, + glory, + harm, hurt,
+ iniquity, + judgment, language, + lying, manner, matter,
message, (no) thing, oracle, X ought, X parts, + pertaining, +
please, portion, + power, promise, provision, purpose,
question, rate, reason, report, request, X (as hast) said,
sake, saying, sentence, + sign, + so, some (uncleanness),
somewhat to say, + song, speech, X spoken, talk, task, + that,
X there done, thing (concerning), thought, + thus, tidings,
what(-soever), + wherewith, which, word, work.
see HEBREW for 01696
דָּבָר (da.var) — word.
: word/speech/command
1) speech, word, speaking, thing
1a) speech
1b) saying, utterance
1c) word, words
1d) business, occupation, acts, matter, case, something, manner (by extension)
דָּבָר (da.var) — word: speaking.
: speaking
1) speech, word, speaking, thing
1a) speech
1b) saying, utterance
1c) word, words
1d) business, occupation, acts, matter, case, something, manner (by extension)
דָּבָר (da.var) — word: thing.
: thing/matter
1) speech, word, speaking, thing
1a) speech
1b) saying, utterance
1c) word, words
1d) business, occupation, acts, matter, case, something, manner (by extension)
דָּבָר (da.var) — word: promised.
: promised/duty
1) speech, word, speaking, thing
1a) speech
1b) saying, utterance
1c) word, words
1d) business, occupation, acts, matter, case, something, manner (by extension)
דָּבָר (da.var) — word: deed.
: deed
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural constructHNcmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
The Hebrew word חָכָם (*chakam*) means 'wise' and encompasses various aspects of wisdom, including skillfulness in technical work, shrewdness, and ethical understanding. It can refer to a class of learned individuals, including those involved in astrology and magic. The word is derived from a related term, חָכַם (*chakam*), which also relates to intelligence and craftiness.
חָכָם adj. wise
skilful in technical work
wise in the administration of affairs
shrewd, crafty, cunning
pl. class of learned and shrewd men, incl. astrologers, magicians and the like
prudent
wise, ethically and religiously
base
H2450 חָכָם wise . skilful in technical work
. wise in the administration of affairs
. shrewd, crafty, cunning
. pl. class of learned and shrewd men, incl. astrologers, magicians and the like
. prudent
. wise, ethically and religiously
2450 chakam khaw-kawm'
from 2449; wise, (i.e. intelligent, skilful or
artful):--cunning (man), subtil, ((un-)), wise((hearted),
man).
see HEBREW for 02449
חָכָם (cha.kham) — wise.
1) wise, wise (man)
1a) skilful (in technical work)
1b) wise (in administration)
1c) shrewd, crafty, cunning, wily, subtle
1d) learned, shrewd (class of men)
1e) prudent
1f) wise (ethically and religiously)
Adj — AdjHAampa
pe'-p'-l: In English Versions of the Bible represents something over a dozen Hebrew and Greek words. Of these, in the Old Testament, `am, is overwhelmingly the most common (about 2,000 times), with le'om, and goy, next in order; but the various Hebrew words are used with very little or no difference in force (e.g. Pr 14:28; but, on the other hand, in Ps 44 contrast verses 12 and 14). Of the changes introduced by the Revised Version (British and American) the only one of significance (cited explicitly in the Preface to the English Revised Version) is the frequent use of the plural "peoples" (strangely avoided in the King James Version except Re 10:11; 17:15), where other nations than Israel are in question. So, for instance, in Ps…
דָּרבָן (darbān) and דָּֽרְבֹנָה (dār'vōnāh) both mean 'goad.' The entries indicate that darbān is masculine and appears in 1 Samuel 13:21, while dār'vōnāh is feminine and occurs in Ecclesiastes 12:11. There is some variation in spelling, but both terms refer to the same tool.
ref
H1861a דָּרבָן goad H1861b דָּֽרְבֹנָה goad
1861 dorbown dor-bone'
(also dor-bawn'); of uncertain derivation; a goad:--goad.
דׇּרְבוֹן (dor.von) — goad.
goad
Also means: dar.vo.nah (דָּֽרְבֹנָה "goad" H1861B)
דָּֽרְבֹנָה (dar.vo.nah) — goad.
goad
Another spelling of dor.von (דׇּרְבוֹן "goad" H1861A)
Prep | N-cp — Preposition · noun common feminine plural absoluteHRd/Ncfpa
מַסְמֵר (masmrah) refers to a nail or peg. The entries consistently define it as a noun related to fastening or securing objects. There are no significant disagreements among the lexicons regarding its meaning.
[מַסְמֵר] n.m. nail
base
H4930 מַסְמֵר
4930 masmrah mas-mer-aw'
for 4548 fem.; a peg:--nail.
see HEBREW for 04548
מַשְׂמְרָה (mas.m.rah) — nail.
nail
Conj | Prep | N-cp — Conjunction · preposition · noun common feminine plural absoluteHC/R/Ncfpa
נָטַע (nata`) is a Hebrew verb meaning to plant or establish. It can refer to planting in a literal sense or establishing something figuratively. The verb appears in both the Qal and Niphal forms, indicating actions of planting and being established, respectively.
נָטַע vb. plant
Qal
plant
plant, fig. = establish
Niph. be planted, fig., = be established.
base
H5193 נָטַע plant
5193 nata` naw-tah'
a primitive root; properly, to strike in, i.e. fix;
specifically, to plant (literally or
figuratively):--fastened, plant(- er).
נָטַע (na.ta) — to plant.
1) to plant, fasten, fix, establish
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to plant
1a2) to plant, establish (fig.)
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be planted
1b2) to be established (fig.)
V-Qal-Inf-c — Verb · Qal · participle (passive) masculine pluralHVqsmpa
בַּעַל (ba`al) means owner or lord, and can refer to a husband, citizens, or rulers. It is derived from a root meaning 'to own' and is used in various contexts, including relationships and leadership. The term also appears as a divine name, Baal, in the Old Testament.
בַּעַל 166 n.m. owner, lord
owner
husband
citizens, inhabitants
rulers, lords
n. of relation
Esp. lord, specif. as divine name, Baal.
base
H1167 בַּעַל owner, lord . owner
. husband
. citizens, inhabitants
. rulers, lords
. n. of relation
1167 ba`al bah'-al
from 1166; a master; hence, a husband, or (figuratively)
owner (often used with another noun in modifications of this
latter sense):--+ archer, + babbler, + bird, captain, chief
man, + confederate, + have to do, + dreamer, those to whom it
is due, + furious, those that are given to it, great, + hairy,
he that hath it, have, + horseman, husband, lord, man, +
married, master, person, + sworn, they of.
see HEBREW for 01166
בַּעַל (ba.al) — master.
: master/leader
1) owner, husband, lord
1a) owner
1b) a husband
1c) citizens, inhabitants
1d) rulers, lords
1e) (noun of relationship used to characterise-ie, master of dreams)
בַּעַל (ba.al) — master: husband.
: husband/groom
1) owner, husband, lord
1a) owner
1b) a husband
1c) citizens, inhabitants
1d) rulers, lords
1e) (noun of relationship used to characterise-ie, master of dreams)
בַּעַל (ba.al) — master: men.
: men/comrades
1) owner, husband, lord
1a) owner
1b) a husband
1c) citizens, inhabitants
1d) rulers, lords
1e) (noun of relationship used to characterise-ie, master of dreams)
בַּעַל (ba.al) — master: owning.
: owning/having
1) owner, husband, lord
1a) owner
1b) a husband
1c) citizens, inhabitants
1d) rulers, lords
1e) (noun of relationship used to characterise-ie, master of dreams)
בַּעַל (ba.al) — master: [master of].
: [master_of](DESCRIPTOR)
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural constructHNcmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
אֲסֻפָּה (acuppah) is a feminine noun meaning 'collection.' It refers specifically to a collection of learned men and is used only in the plural form, indicating an assembly. The word is derived from the root of אֲסַף (H624), which relates to gathering.
[אֲסֻפָּה] n.f. collection
base
H627 אֲסֻפָּה
627 'acuppah as-up-paw'
fem of 624.; a collection of (learned) men (only in the
plural):--assembly.
see HEBREW for 0624
אֲסֻפָּה (a.sup.pah) — collection.
collection
N-fp — Noun common · feminine plural absoluteHNcfpa
The Hebrew word נָתַן (natan) means 'to give' and encompasses a wide range of applications such as putting, setting, and making. It can also indicate actions like bestowing, delivering, and assigning. The entries describe its use in various forms, including Qal, Niphal, and Hophal, but do not present any significant disagreements among lexicons.
נָתַן 2007 vb. give, put, set
Qal 1917
give
Put, set
Make, constitute
Niph.
82be given
Be put, set
Hoph.
be given, bestowed
= be given to one for wife
be put upon
base
H5414 נָתַן give, put, set .. give
. Put, set
. Make, constitute
. . be given
. Be put, set
. . . be given, bestowed
. = be given to one for wife
. be put upon
5414 nathan naw-than'
a primitive root; to give, used with greatest latitude of
application (put, make, etc.):--add, apply, appoint, ascribe,
assign, X avenge, X be ((healed)), bestow, bring (forth,
hither), cast, cause, charge, come, commit, consider, count, +
cry, deliver (up), direct, distribute, do, X doubtless, X
without fail, fasten, frame, X get, give (forth, over, up),
grant, hang (up), X have, X indeed, lay (unto charge, up),
(give) leave, lend, let (out), + lie, lift up, make, + O that,
occupy, offer, ordain, pay, perform, place, pour, print, X
pull , put (forth), recompense, render, requite, restore, send
(out), set (forth), shew, shoot forth (up), + sing, + slander,
strike, (sub-)mit, suffer, X surely, X take, thrust, trade,
turn, utter, + weep, + willingly, + withdraw, + would (to)
God, yield.
נָתַן (na.tan) — to give: give.
: give/deliver/send/produce
1) to give, put, set
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to give, bestow, grant, permit, ascribe, employ, devote, consecrate, dedicate, pay wages, sell, exchange, lend, commit, entrust, give over, deliver up, yield produce, occasion, produce, requite to, report, mention, utter, stretch out, extend
1a2) to put, set, put on, put upon, set, appoint, assign, designate
1a3) to make, constitute
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be given, be bestowed, be provided, be entrusted to, be granted to, be permitted, be issued, be published, be uttered, be assigned
1b2) to be set, be put, be made, be inflicted
1c) (Hophal)
1c1) to be given, be bestowed, be given up, be delivered up
1c2) to be put upon
נָתַן (na.tan) — to give: put.
: put/set/apppoint
1) to give, put, set
1a) (Qal)
V-Niphal-Perf-3cp — Verb · Niphal · perfect third person common pluralHVNp3cp
The Hebrew word רָעָה (*ra'ah*) is built from a primitive root meaning to tend or pasture a flock. It covers a range of meanings including to graze, rule, associate with, and befriend. The term appears in contexts related to shepherding and companionship, with a specific mention of the 'binding-house of shepherds' in 2 Kings 10:12.
בֵּית־עֵ֫קֶד הָרֹעִים perh. n.pr.loc. (binding-house of the shepherds) 2 K 10:12
base
רָעָה 167 vb. pasture, tend, graze
Qal
trans.
intrans.
Niph. poss.
Hiph. v.
base
[רָעָה] vb. prob. associate with
Qal cherish faithfulness
Hithp. do not make companionship with a bad-tempered man
base
[רָעָה] vb. denom. Pi. be a special friend;—Ju 14:20
ref
H7462a בֵּית־עֵ֫קֶד הָרֹעִים binding-house of shepherds H7462b רָעָה pasture, tend, graze H7462c רָעָה prob. associate with H7462d רָעָה vb. denom. Pi. be a special friend
7462 ra`ah raw-aw'
a primitive root; to tend a flock; i.e. pasture it;
intransitively, to graze (literally or figuratively);
generally to rule; by extension, to associate with (as a
friend):--X break, companion, keep company with, devour, eat
up, evil entreat, feed, use as a friend, make friendship with,
herdman, keep (sheep)(-er), pastor, + shearing house,
shepherd, wander, waste.
בֵּית־עֵ֫קֶד הָרֹעִים (bet-e.qed ha.ro.im) — House of Shepherds.
Ra'ah = "pasturing"
perh. "binding-house of the shepherds"
רָעָה (ra.ah) — to pasture.
1) to pasture, tend, graze, feed
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to tend, pasture
1a1a) to shepherd
1a1b) of ruler, teacher (fig)
1a1c) of people as flock (fig)
1a1d) shepherd, herdsman (subst)
1a2) to feed, graze
1a2a) of cows, sheep etc (literal)
1a2b) of idolater, Israel as flock (fig)
1b) (Hiphil) shepherd, shepherdess
Also means: ro.i (רֹעִי "to shepherd" H7473)
רָעָה (ra.ah) — to accompany.
1) to associate with, be a friend of (meaning probable)
1a) (Qal) to associate with
1b) (Hithpael) to be companions
רָעָה (ra.ah) — to befriend.
(Piel) to be a special friend
Prep | V-Qal — Preposition · verb qal participle (active) masculine singularHR/Vqrmsa
shep'-erd (ro`eh, ro`i; poimen, "a feeder"): The sheep owner frequently tends the flocks himself (Ge 4:4; 30:40; compare Eze 34:12), but more often he delegates the work to his children (Ge 29:9; 1Sa 16:19; 17:15) or relatives (Ge 31:6). In such cases the sheep have good care because the keepers have a personal interest in the well-being of the animals, but when they are attended by a hireling (1Sa 17:20) the flocks may be neglected or abused (Isa 56:10,11; Eze…
Shepherd
A word naturally of frequent occurence in Scripture. Sometimes the word “pastor” is used instead (Jer. 2:8; 3:15; 10:21; 12:10; 17:16). This word is used figuratively to represent the relation of rulers to their subjects and of God to his people (Ps. 23:1; 80:1; Isa. 40:11; 44:28; Jer. 25:34, 35; Nahum 3:18; John 10:11, 14; Heb. 13:20; 1 Pet. 2:25; 5:4).
In a nomadic state of society every man, from the sheikh down to the slave, is more or less a shepherd. The progenitors of the Jews in the patriarchal age were nomads, and their history is rich in scenes of pastoral life. The occupation of tending the flocks was undertaken,not only by the sons of wealthy chiefs, (Genesis 30:29) ff.; Genesis37:12 ff., but even by their daughters. (Genesis 29:6,8; Exodus 2:10) The Egyptian captivity did march to implant a love of settled abode, and consequently we find the tribes which still retained a taste for shepherd life selecting their own quarters apart from their brethren in the transjordanic district. (
Or PASTOR.
Abel was a keeper of sheep, Ge 4:2, as were the greater number of the ancient patriarchs. When men began to multiply, and to follow different employments, Jabal son of Lamech was acknowledged as father, that is, founder of shepherd and nomads, Ge 4:20. A large part of the wealth of ancient patriarchs consisted in flocks and herds, the care of which was shared by their sons, daughters, and servants. Rachel the bride of Jacob was a shepherdess, Ge 29:6; his sons, the fathers of the tribes of Israel were shepherds, and so was David their king, Ps 78:70-72. The employment is highly honored in the Bible, Lu 2:8-20. In…
אֶחָד (echad) means 'one' and is derived from a numeral. It encompasses meanings such as each, every, a certain, and can serve as an indefinite article. It is also used as an ordinal to denote 'first' and appears in various combinations, including eleven. The entries consistently emphasize its numerical and qualitative aspects.
אֶחָד 972 adj.num. one
one
= each, every
= a certain
= indef. art.
only, & (fem.) once
one … another, one … the other
as ordinal first
in combin.
base
H259 אֶחָד one . one
. = each, every
. = a certain
. = indef. art.
. only, & (fem.) once
. one … another, one … the other
. as ordinal first
. in combin.
259 'echad ekh-awd'
a numeral from 258; properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an
ordinal) first:--a, alike, alone, altogether, and,
any(-thing), apiece, a certain, (dai-)ly, each (one), +
eleven, every, few, first, + highway, a man, once, one, only,
other, some, together,
see HEBREW for 0258
אֶחָד (e.chad) — one.
1) one (number)
1a) one (number)
1b) each, every
1c) a certain
1d) an (indefinite article)
1e) only, once, once for all
1f) one...another, the one...the other, one after another, one by one
1g) first
1h) eleven (in combination), eleventh (ordinal)
Adj — AdjHAcfsa
wun.
See NUMBER.