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Ezekiel 16:11 — Word Study

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WLCוָאֶעְדֵּ֖ךְ עֶ֑דִי וָאֶתְּנָ֤ה צְמִידִים֙ עַל־ יָדַ֔יִךְ וְרָבִ֖יד עַל־ גְּרוֹנֵֽךְ׃

BSAI adornedʻâdâh [decked, beautified] you with jewelryʻădîy [ornaments, fine clothing] and I putnâthan braceletstsâmîyd [arm-clasps, covers] onʻal your wristsyâd [hands] and a chainrâbîyd [necklace, collar] aroundʻal your neckgârôwn [throat, neck area]

Word
Listen & take awayEzekiel 16
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 11 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (ge.ro.Nekh) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Ezekiel 16:11quick helps
In a sentenceGod speaks of adorning Jerusalem with beautiful jewelry and ornaments.
Who is speakingThe Lord, addressing Jerusalem as His beloved.
Where we areIn a metaphorical depiction of God's relationship with Jerusalem.
The hard wordעָדָה
Take awayGod's gifts are lavish and signify His love and care.
7 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Ezekiel 16:11

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — God's Adornment of Jerusalemgenerated

10I clothed you in embroidered cloth and gave you sandals of fine leather. I wrapped you in fine linen and covered you with silk.
11I adorned you with jewelry, and I put bracelets on your wrists and a chain around your neck.
12I put a ring in your nose, earrings on your ears, and a beautiful crown upon your head.
13So you were adorned with gold and silver, and your clothing was made of fine linen, silk, and embroidered cloth. You ate fine flour, honey, and oil. You became very beautiful and rose to be queen.

Ezekiel 16:11 describes how God adorned Jerusalem with jewelry, emphasizing His love and the beauty He bestowed upon her. This chapter uses rich imagery to illustrate the covenant relationship between God and His people, highlighting the blessings and adornments that signify identity and status. The surrounding verses (Ezekiel 16:10-13) detail various luxurious items, painting a picture of splendor and care.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Genesis 24:22–47And after the camels had finished drinking, he took out a gold ring weighing a beka, and two gold bracelets for her wrists weighing ten shekels.
2Genesis 41:42Then Pharaoh removed the signet ring from his finger, put it on Joseph’s finger, clothed him in garments of fine linen, and placed a gold chain around his neck.
3Proverbs 1:9For they are a garland of grace on your head and a pendant around your neck.
4Proverbs 4:9She will set a garland of grace on your head; she will present you with a crown of beauty.”
5Song of Solomon 1:10

The Key Word עָדָה, 'adahgenerated

The verb עָדָה (*adah*) means to adorn or decorate. It is built from a root that conveys the idea of advancing or enhancing one's appearance. In this context, it signifies God's act of beautifying Jerusalem with ornaments, reflecting His affection and commitment.

The use of this verb illustrates not just a physical adornment but also a spiritual significance, as it represents God's relationship with His people, showcasing how He elevates their status and identity.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The main verb אֶעְדֵּ֖ךְ (*e'adekh*), I adorned, governs the sentence, with several phrases connected to it. The structure indicates a sequence of actions: adorning followed by the specific items placed on Jerusalem.

The sentence flows from the main action of adorning to the specific objects mentioned, emphasizing the lavishness of the adornments, which include bracelets and a chain.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates עָדָה as σε (*se*), which means 'you'. This choice reflects a direct address to Jerusalem, maintaining the personal relationship emphasized in the Hebrew.

The Greek word κόσμῳ (*kosmō*) for 'ornaments' suggests a focus on beauty and order, aligning with the Hebrew sense of adornment.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Ezekiel 16:11 describes how God adorned Jerusalem with beautiful jewelry, bracelets on her wrists, and a chain around her neck. This verse illustrates God's love and care for His people, using rich imagery to convey the beauty of His blessings.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean that God adorned Jerusalem?

It signifies God's love and commitment, illustrating how He elevates and beautifies His people.

What are the specific adornments mentioned?

The verse mentions jewelry, bracelets, and a chain, symbolizing wealth and status.

How does this verse relate to God's relationship with His people?

It shows that God desires to bless and beautify His people, reflecting a loving and protective relationship.

Why is adornment significant in this context?

Adornment signifies identity and status, highlighting how God views His people with honor and care.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what ways can I see God's adornment in my own life?
  2. How does understanding God's love as an adornment change my view of my identity?
  3. What are some ways I can reflect God's beauty in my actions?
  4. How can I appreciate the blessings God has given me as adornments in my life?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Early Church Fathers comment on this verse to illustrate God's gifts and the beauty of good works, as seen in their writings.

JeromeCOMMENTARY ON Ezekiel 4:16.11 c. 347–420
When God has given us good works, he surrounds our hands with bracelets.
Early Church Fathers on Ezekiel 16 →
JeromeLETTER 31.2 c. 347–420
It is true that a festival such as the birthday of Peter should be seasoned with more gladness than usual; still our merriment must not forget the limit set by Scripture,
Early Church Fathers on Ezekiel 16 →
JeromeVerse 11. c. 347–420
And I adorned you with ornaments. Now he lists the ornaments in general, which he enumerates in the following sections: bracelets and necklaces, earrings and crown, and other ornaments which he gave to Jerusalem,
Early Church Fathers on Ezekiel 16 →

Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Ezekiel 16:11 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

And I decked thee also with ornaments,.... The Targum interprets this of the ornament of the words of the law; see Proverbs 1:8; but may be as well understood of good works done in obedience to them,

Read John Gill on Ezekiel 16 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

I decked thee also with ornaments, and I put bracelets upon thy hands, and a chain on thy neck. I put bracelets upon thy hands - the marriage gifts to Rebekah (Genesis 24:22; Genesis 24:47).

Read Robert Jamieson on Ezekiel 16 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

If the inventory of this virgin’ s goods given to her were hitherto of such things as were needful for her comfort, now follows a particular of what served for state and magnificence, as the phrase : it also expresseth the bravery of a bridegroom, ; the curiosity and exactness wherewith such do dress themselves. I put, Heb. I gave, i.e. freely. Bracelets; which usually were of gold, as appears, , and presents made of these bespeak greatest respects. A chain of gold, in token of honour and authority, .

Read Matthew Poole on Ezekiel 16 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Ezekiel 16:11 I decked thee also with ornaments, and I put bracelets upon thy hands, and a chain on thy neck.Ver. 11. I decked thee also with ornaments.] See Ezekiel 16:7; such as render thee amiable and admirable. Christ himself, who was not moved at all with the offer of all the world’ s good, confesseth himself ravished with them.

Read John Trapp on Ezekiel 16 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(9-14) These verses describe the purifications and preparations for marriage to one of high rank (comp. Esther 2:9; Esther 2:12). The reality corresponding to the figure is, of course, the Divine care over Israel at Sinai, in the wilderness, and in the conquest of Canaan.

Read Charles John Ellicott on Ezekiel 16 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

11. On bracelets, cf. Genesis 24:22; Genesis 24:47. On chain or necklace, Genesis 41:42; Proverbs 1:9; Proverbs 3:3.

Read Cambridge on Ezekiel 16 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

’S AND — THE ADOPTED CHILD-WIFE, Ezekiel 16:1-43.In chaps. 13-15 the prophet has shown how untrustworthy are all the Israelitish hopes that punishment will not fall upon them for their sins.

Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Ezekiel 16 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

I adorned you with jewelry, and I put bracelets on your wrists and a chain around your neck.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

I decked you with ornaments, put bracelets on your hands, and put a chain on your neck.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

I adorned you with jewelry, and I put bracelets on your wrists and a chain around your neck.

NETBNew English Translation2006

I adorned you with jewelry. I put bracelets on your hands and a necklace around your neck.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

I decked thee also with ornaments, and I put bracelets upon thy hands, and a chain on thy neck.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

And I decked thee with ornaments, and I put bracelets upon thy hands, and a chain on thy neck.

RVARevised Version, American1894

I decked thee also with ornaments, and I put bracelets upon thy hands, and a chain on thy neck.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

I decked thee also with ornaments, and I put bracelets upon thy hands, and a chain on thy neck.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

I decked thee also with ornaments, and I put bracelets vpon thine handes, and a chaine on thy necke.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

And I decked thee with ornaments, and I put bracelets upon thy hands, and a chain on thy neck;

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

And I adorn thee with adornments, And I give bracelets for thy hands, And a chain for thy neck.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

And I adorn you with adornments, || And I give bracelets for your hands, || And a chain for your neck.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

And I decked thee with ornaments, and I placed bracelets upon thy hands, and a chain around thy neck.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

Next I adorned you with jewelry, and I put bracelets on your hands, and a chain around your neck.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

I decked thee also with ornaments, and put bracelets on thy hands, and a chain about thy neck.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

I gave you jewelry—I put bracelets on your wrists and a necklace around your neck.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

And I made you fair with ornaments and put jewels on your hands and a chain on your neck.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

וָandclauseverbאֶעְדֵּ֖Iobjectךְadorned.youadverbialעֶ֑דִיornament[s]וָandclauseclauseverb phrase · verbאֶתְּנָ֤Iהputobjectצְמִידִים֙braceletsprepositional phrase · prepositionalעַלonnoun phraseיָדַ֔יִhandsךְyourוְandclauseobjectרָבִ֖ידa.chainprepositional phrase · prepositionalעַלonnoun phraseגְּרוֹנֵֽneckךְyour

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree closely, with 9 of the 9 words matched. The Septuagint maintains the same imagery and intent as the Hebrew, supporting the idea of adornment and beauty.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

וָאֶעְדֵּ֖ךְ עֶ֑דִי וָאֶתְּנָ֤ה צְמִידִים֙ עַל־ יָדַ֔יִךְ וְרָבִ֖יד עַל־ גְּרוֹנֵֽךְ׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
וָאֶעְדֵּ֖ךְσεעֶ֑דִיκόσμῳוָאֶתְּנָ֤הπεριέθηκαצְמִידִים֙ψέλιαעַל־περὶיָדַ֔יִךְσουוְרָבִ֖ידκάθεμαעַל־περὶגְּרוֹנֵֽךְ׃σου

9 of the 9 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Ezekiel 16:11עָדָהand I ornamand I ornamenteעָדָהעֲדִיornament[s]ornament[s]עֲדִינָתַןand I put !and I put !נָתַןצָמִידbraceletsbraceletsצָמִידעַלononעַליָדhands yourhands yourיָדרָבִידand a chainand a chainרָבִידעַלononעַלגָּרוֹןneck yourneck yourגָּרוֹןעָדָהto advanceto advanceעָדָהצָמַדto jointo joinצָמַדעַלheightheightעַלכַּףpalmpalmכַּףרָבַדto spreadto spreadרָבַדגָּרַרto drag/chto drag/chew/saגָּרַרכִּפֶּרto atoneto atoneכִּפֶּרכִּסֵּאthronethroneכִּסֵּאעֲדִיornamentornamentעֲדִיזָהָבgoldgoldזָהָבנַחֲלָהinheritancinheritanceנַחֲלָהזֶ֫רַעseedseedזֶ֫רַענֶ֫זֶםringringנֶ֫זֶםיָדhandhandיָדחָזָקstrongstrongחָזָקנָצַלto rescueto rescueנָצַלקָרָאto call: cto call: call tקָרָאעַ֫יִןeyeeyeעַ֫יִן
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Ezekiel 16:11

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

and I ornamented you ornament[s] and I put ! bracelets on hands your and a chain on neck your
וָאֶעְדֵּ֖ךְva.'e'.Dekh and I ornamented you H5710 Verb qal sequential imperfect first person common singular · suffix
10× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to adorn or decorate oneself with ornaments, and is used in 2 Samuel 1:24 to describe the Israelites' adornment. It also appears in Ezekiel 23:40, where it talks about the decorating of a bed.
Amplified meaning
decked, beautified
Tyndale gloss
to advance
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word עָדָה (*adah*) is built from a primitive root meaning to advance or pass on. It covers a range of meanings, including to remove and to adorn oneself. The entries indicate its use in contexts of both movement and decoration, with no significant disagreement among lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עָדָה vb. pass on, advance

Qal the fierce lion hath not advanced

Hiph. removing a garment

base

עָדָה vb. ornament, deck oneself

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5710a עָדָה pass on, advance .the fierce lion hath not advanced

. removing a garment

H5710b עָדָה ornament, deck oneself

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5710 `adah aw-daw'

a primitive root; to advance, i.e. pass on or continue;

causatively, to remove; specifically, to bedeck (i.e. bring an

ornament upon):--adorn, deck (self), pass by, take away.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עָדָה (a.dah) — to advance.

1) to pass on, advance, go on, pass by, remove

1a) (Qal) to pass on, put on

1b) (Hiphil) to remove

Aramaic equivalent: a.dah (עֲדָה "to pass on/over/away" H5709)

עָדָה (a.dah) — to adorn.

to ornament, deck oneself

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-1cs | Suff — Verb qal sequential imperfect first person common singular · suffix
Hc/Vqw1cs/Sp2fs
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and I ornamented you ornament[s] and I put ! bracelets on hands your and a chain on neck your
עֶ֑דִי'E.di ornament[s] H5716 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
14× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this word refers to ornaments or fine clothing, and can also describe the trappings of horses. It is used in books like Esther and Ezekiel to describe luxurious items. The word is about beautiful or impressive things.
Amplified meaning
ornaments, fine clothing
Tyndale gloss
ornament
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עֲדִי (adiy) refers to ornaments or trappings, particularly those used for decoration or adornment. It is derived from a root meaning 'trappings' and can refer to general finery or specifically to a headstall for horses. The term emphasizes items that enhance appearance.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עֲדִי n.[m.]coll. ornaments (with which one is decked)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5716 עֲדִי ornaments (with which one is decked)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5716 `adiy ad-ee'

from 5710 in the sense of trappings; finery; generally an

outfit; specifically, a headstall:--X excellent, mouth,

ornament.

see HEBREW for 05710

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עֲדִי (a.di) — ornament.

1) ornaments

1a) ornaments

1b) trappings (of horses)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
and I ornamented you ornament[s] and I put ! bracelets on hands your and a chain on neck your
וָאֶתְּנָ֤הva.'e.te.Nah and I put ! H5414 Verb qal sequential imperfect first person common singular · suffix
2,011× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means to give, put, or set something, with a wide range of applications. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus, describing God's actions and human interactions. The word is used to convey giving, selling, or exchanging something.
Tyndale gloss
to give: give
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word נָתַן (natan) means 'to give' and encompasses a wide range of applications such as putting, setting, and making. It can also indicate actions like bestowing, delivering, and assigning. The entries describe its use in various forms, including Qal, Niphal, and Hophal, but do not present any significant disagreements among lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

נָתַן 2007 vb. give, put, set

Qal 1917

give

Put, set

Make, constitute

Niph.

82be given

Be put, set

Hoph.

be given, bestowed

= be given to one for wife

be put upon

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5414 נָתַן give, put, set .. give

. Put, set

. Make, constitute

. . be given

. Be put, set

. . . be given, bestowed

. = be given to one for wife

. be put upon

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5414 nathan naw-than'

a primitive root; to give, used with greatest latitude of

application (put, make, etc.):--add, apply, appoint, ascribe,

assign, X avenge, X be ((healed)), bestow, bring (forth,

hither), cast, cause, charge, come, commit, consider, count, +

cry, deliver (up), direct, distribute, do, X doubtless, X

without fail, fasten, frame, X get, give (forth, over, up),

grant, hang (up), X have, X indeed, lay (unto charge, up),

(give) leave, lend, let (out), + lie, lift up, make, + O that,

occupy, offer, ordain, pay, perform, place, pour, print, X

pull , put (forth), recompense, render, requite, restore, send

(out), set (forth), shew, shoot forth (up), + sing, + slander,

strike, (sub-)mit, suffer, X surely, X take, thrust, trade,

turn, utter, + weep, + willingly, + withdraw, + would (to)

God, yield.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נָתַן (na.tan) — to give: give.

: give/deliver/send/produce

1) to give, put, set

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to give, bestow, grant, permit, ascribe, employ, devote, consecrate, dedicate, pay wages, sell, exchange, lend, commit, entrust, give over, deliver up, yield produce, occasion, produce, requite to, report, mention, utter, stretch out, extend

1a2) to put, set, put on, put upon, set, appoint, assign, designate

1a3) to make, constitute

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be given, be bestowed, be provided, be entrusted to, be granted to, be permitted, be issued, be published, be uttered, be assigned

1b2) to be set, be put, be made, be inflicted

1c) (Hophal)

1c1) to be given, be bestowed, be given up, be delivered up

1c2) to be put upon

נָתַן (na.tan) — to give: put.

: put/set/apppoint

1) to give, put, set

1a) (Qal)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-1cs | Suff — Verb qal sequential imperfect first person common singular · suffix
Hc/Vqw1cs/Sh
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

put (puT; Phoud, in Genesis and Chronicles, variant for Genesis Phout, for Chronicles, Phouth):

1. Renderings:

In consequence of the identification at the time, the prophets have "Libya" (Libues), except Nab 3:9, where the Greek renders the word as phuge, "flight." The Vulgate (Jerome's Latin Bible, 390-405 A.D.) has "Phut," "Phuth," and in the Prophets "Libyes" and "Libya"; the King James Version "Phut."

2. Son of Ham:

In the "Table of Nations" Put is the third son of Ham (Ge 10:6), the first and second being Cush and Misraim, and the fourth Canaan. Put is the only one of the sons of Ham who is not credited with descendants.

3. As Nationality:

In the Prophets, warriors from Put are referred to, principally in connection with the forces of Egypt. They appear as shield-bearers (Jer 46:9

Smith's Bible Dictionary
Nave's Topical Bible

→ See PHUT

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and I ornamented you ornament[s] and I put ! bracelets on hands your and a chain on neck your
צְמִידִים֙tze.mi.Dim bracelets H6781 Noun common · masculine plural absolute
7× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means a cover or lid, like a bracelet or arm-clasp, used to enclose or protect something. It can also refer to a covering for a vessel. The KJV translates it as bracelet or covering.
Amplified meaning
arm-clasps, covers
Tyndale gloss
bracelet
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

צָמִיד (tsamiyd) refers to both a bracelet worn on the wrist and a cover for a vessel. It is derived from a root meaning to bind or clasp. The entries consistently highlight these two meanings, with a specific reference to its use as a cover in Numbers 19:15.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

צָמִיד n.m. bracelet (bound on wrist)

base

צָמִיד n.[m.] cover, of vessel, Nu 19:15.

done

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6781a צָמִיד bracelet (bound on wrist) H6781b צָמִיד cover, of vessel

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6781 tsamiyd tsaw-meed'

or tsamid {tsaw-meed'}; from 6775; a bracelet or arm-clasp;

generally, a lid:--bracelet, covering.

see HEBREW for 06775

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

צָמִיד (tsa.mid) — bracelet.

bracelet

צָמִיד (tsa.mid) — cover.

cover (of vessel)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absolute
HNcmpa
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and I ornamented you ornament[s] and I put ! bracelets on hands your and a chain on neck your
עַל־'al- on H5921 Preposition
5,774× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.
Tyndale gloss
upon
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

base

עַל, עָ֑ל

subst. height

As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against

Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed

of clothing, etc., which any one wears

With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it

Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him

Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him

על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him

חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)

Read the full entry →
Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears

. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it

. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him

. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him

. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him

. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)

Read the full entry →
Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5921 `al al

properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the

singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a

particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always

in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great

variety of applications (as follow):--above, according

to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because

of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both

and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in

(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,

through(-out), to, touching, X with.

see HEBREW for 05920

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עַל (al) — upon.

prep

1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against

1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards

1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)

1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)

1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)

1e) over (of suspension or extension)

1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)

1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)

1h) to (as a dative)

[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.

conj

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep — Preposition
HR
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Easton's Bible Dictionary

On

Light; the sun, (Gen. 41:45, 50), the great seat of sun-worship, called also Bethshemesh (Jer. 43:13) and Aven (Ezek. 30:17), stood on the east bank of the Nile, a few miles north of Memphis, and near Cairo, in the north-east. The Vulgate and the LXX. Versions have “Heliopolis” (“city of the sun”) instead of On in Genesis and of Aven in Ezekiel. The “city of destruction” Isaiah speaks of (19:18, marg. “of Heres;” Heb. ‘Ir-ha-heres, which some MSS. read Ir-ha-heres, i.e., “city of the sun”) may be the name given to On, the prophecy being that the time will come when that city which was known as the “city of the sun-god” shall become the “city of destruction” of the sun-god, i.e., when idolatry shall cease, and the worship…

Smith's Bible Dictionary

(abode or city of the sun), a town of lower Egypt, called BETH-SHEMESH in (Jeremiah 43:13) On is better known under its Greek name Heliopolis. It was situated on the east side of the Pelusiac branch of the Nile, just below the point of the Delta, and about twenty miles northeast of Memphis. The chief object of worship at Heliopolis was the sun, whose temple, described by Strabo, is now only represented by the single beautiful obelisk, of red granite so feet 2 inches high above the pedestal which has stood for more than 4000 years, having been erected by Usirtesen, the second king of the twelfth dynasty. Heliopolis was anciently famous for its learning, and Eudoxus and Plato studied under its priests. The first mention of this place in the Bible is in the history of Joseph, to whom we read Pharaoh gave "to wife Asenath the daughter…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

See HELIOPOLIS.

Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary

pain; force; iniquity

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and I ornamented you ornament[s] and I put ! bracelets on hands your and a chain on neck your
יָדַ֔יִךְya.Da.yikh hands your H3027 Noun common both dual construct · suffix
1,619× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, 'yad' refers to an open hand, symbolizing power or direction. It can also mean strength or a part of something, like a side or a share. The word is used in many contexts, including anatomy and everyday life.
Amplified meaning
hands
Tyndale gloss
hand
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יָד (yad) means 'hand' and can also refer to strength or power in a figurative sense. It encompasses various technical uses, such as a sign or monument, parts or shares, and even specific components in construction, like axle-trees and supports for the laver. The word is versatile, appearing in both literal and metaphorical contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יָד 1604 n.f. hand

hand

Fig. = strength, power

Fig. = side

יָד is used in various special, technical senses:—

sign, monument

part, fractional part or share

time, repetition

axle-trees

stays, supports for laver

tenons on sides of boards of tabernacle

a (beckoning) hand

יַד with prep.

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3027 יָד hand . hand

. Fig. = strength, power

. Fig. = side

. יָד is used in various special, technical senses:— . sign, monument

. part, fractional part or share

. time, repetition

. axle-trees

. stays, supports for laver

. tenons on sides of boards of tabernacle

. a (beckoning) hand

. יַד with prep.

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3027 yad yawd

a primitive word; a hand (the open one (indicating power,

means, direction, etc.), in distinction from 3709, the closed

one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great variety of

applications, both literally and figuratively, both proximate

and remote (as follows):--(+ be) able, X about, + armholes,

at, axletree, because of, beside, border, X bounty, + broad,

(broken-)handed, X by, charge, coast, + consecrate, +

creditor, custody, debt, dominion, X enough, + fellowship,

force, X from, hand(-staves, -y work), X he, himself, X in,

labour, + large, ledge, (left-)handed, means, X mine,

ministry, near, X of, X order, ordinance, X our, parts, pain,

power, X presumptuously, service, side, sore, state, stay,

draw with strength, stroke, + swear, terror, X thee, X by

them, X themselves, X thine own, X thou, through, X throwing,

+ thumb, times, X to, X under, X us, X wait on, (way-)side,

Read the full entry →
Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יָד (yad) — hand.

: hand/arm[anatomy]

1) hand

1a) hand (of man)

1b) strength, power (fig.)

1c) side (of land), part, portion (metaph.) (fig.)

1d) (various special, technical senses)

1d1) sign, monument

1d2) part, fractional part, share

1d3) time, repetition

1d4) axle-trees, axle

1d5) stays, support (for laver)

1d6) tenons (in tabernacle)

1d7) a phallus, a hand (meaning unsure)

1d8) wrists

יָד (yad) — hand: power.

: hand/arm[anatomy]

1) hand

1a) hand (of man)

1b) strength, power (fig.)

1c) side (of land), part, portion (metaph.) (fig.)

1d) (various special, technical senses)

1d1) sign, monument

1d2) part, fractional part, share

1d3) time, repetition

1d4) axle-trees, axle

1d5) stays, support (for laver)

1d6) tenons (in tabernacle)

1d7) a phallus, a hand (meaning unsure)

1d8) wrists

יָד (yad) — hand: themselves.

: hand/arm[anatomy]

1) hand

1a) hand (of man)

1b) strength, power (fig.)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-cd | Suff — Noun common both dual construct · suffix
HNcbdc/Sp2fs
and I ornamented you ornament[s] and I put ! bracelets on hands your and a chain on neck your
וְרָבִ֖ידve.ra.Vid and a chain H7242 Conjunction · noun common masculine singular absolute
2× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this Hebrew word refers to a necklace or collar worn around the neck, often as a symbol of wealth or status, like a chain.
Amplified meaning
necklace, collar
Tyndale gloss
necklace
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רָבִיד (rabiyd) refers to a chain or ornament for the neck, commonly understood as a necklace. It is derived from the root word meaning to spread around the neck. The entries consistently describe it as a neck ornament without significant disagreement among the lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רָבִיד n.[m.] chain, ornament for neck

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7242 רָבִיד chain, ornament for neck

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7242 rabiyd raw-beed'

from 7234; a collar (as spread around the neck):--chain.

see HEBREW for 07234

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רָבִיד (ra.vid) — necklace.

chain (ornament for neck-necklace)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | N-ms — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular absolute
HC/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Easton's Bible Dictionary

Chain

(1.) A part of the insignia of office. A chain of gold was placed about Joseph’s neck (Gen. 41:42); and one was promised to Daniel (5:7). It is used as a symbol of sovereignty (Ezek. 16:11). The breast-plate of the high-priest was fastened to the ephod by golden chains (Ex. 39:17, 21).

(2.) It was used as an ornament (Prov. 1:9; Cant. 1:10). The Midianites adorned the necks of their camels with chains (Judg. 8:21, 26).

(3.) Chains were also used as fetters wherewith prisoners were bound (Judg. 16:21;

Smith's Bible Dictionary

Chains were used, As badges of office; For ornament; For confining prisoners. the gold chain placed about Joseph’s neck, (Genesis 41:42) and that promised to Daniel, (Daniel 5:7) are instances of the first use. In (Ezekiel 16:11) the chain is mentioned as the symbol of sovereignty. Chains for ornamental purposes were worn by men as well as women. (Proverbs 1:9) Judith 10:4. The Midianites adorned the necks of their camels with chains. (Judges 8:21,26) Step-chains were attached to the ankle-rings. (Isaiah 3:16,18) The means adopted for confining prisoners among the Jews were fetters similar to our handcuffs. (

and I ornamented you ornament[s] and I put ! bracelets on hands your and a chain on neck your
עַל־'al- on H5921 Preposition
5,774× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means on or above something, like a physical object or a situation. It can also imply a sense of responsibility or accountability, as in being on behalf of someone.
Tyndale gloss
upon
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as

base

עַל, עָ֑ל

subst. height

As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against

Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed

of clothing, etc., which any one wears

With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it

Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him

Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him

על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him

חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)

Read the full entry →
Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears

. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it

. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him

. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him

. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him

. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)

Read the full entry →
Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5921 `al al

properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the

singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a

particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always

in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great

variety of applications (as follow):--above, according

to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because

of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both

and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in

(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,

through(-out), to, touching, X with.

see HEBREW for 05920

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עַל (al) — upon.

prep

1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against

1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards

1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)

1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)

1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)

1e) over (of suspension or extension)

1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)

1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)

1h) to (as a dative)

[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.

conj

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep — Preposition
HR
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Easton's Bible Dictionary

On

Light; the sun, (Gen. 41:45, 50), the great seat of sun-worship, called also Bethshemesh (Jer. 43:13) and Aven (Ezek. 30:17), stood on the east bank of the Nile, a few miles north of Memphis, and near Cairo, in the north-east. The Vulgate and the LXX. Versions have “Heliopolis” (“city of the sun”) instead of On in Genesis and of Aven in Ezekiel. The “city of destruction” Isaiah speaks of (19:18, marg. “of Heres;” Heb. ‘Ir-ha-heres, which some MSS. read Ir-ha-heres, i.e., “city of the sun”) may be the name given to On, the prophecy being that the time will come when that city which was known as the “city of the sun-god” shall become the “city of destruction” of the sun-god, i.e., when idolatry shall cease, and the worship…

Smith's Bible Dictionary

(abode or city of the sun), a town of lower Egypt, called BETH-SHEMESH in (Jeremiah 43:13) On is better known under its Greek name Heliopolis. It was situated on the east side of the Pelusiac branch of the Nile, just below the point of the Delta, and about twenty miles northeast of Memphis. The chief object of worship at Heliopolis was the sun, whose temple, described by Strabo, is now only represented by the single beautiful obelisk, of red granite so feet 2 inches high above the pedestal which has stood for more than 4000 years, having been erected by Usirtesen, the second king of the twelfth dynasty. Heliopolis was anciently famous for its learning, and Eudoxus and Plato studied under its priests. The first mention of this place in the Bible is in the history of Joseph, to whom we read Pharaoh gave "to wife Asenath the daughter…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

See HELIOPOLIS.

Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary

pain; force; iniquity

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and I ornamented you ornament[s] and I put ! bracelets on hands your and a chain on neck your
גְּרוֹנֵֽךְ׃ge.ro.Nekh neck your H1627 Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
8× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The throat refers to the neck or throat area, as in Ezekiel 38:21 where God says the open sepulchre will be stopped. It can also mean to speak aloud or mouth something.
Amplified meaning
throat, neck area
Tyndale gloss
throat
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

גָּרוֹן (garown) refers to the neck or throat, emphasizing its physical characteristics and functions, such as swallowing and speech. The term can also have a figurative use, as seen in its association with an open sepulchre. The entries consistently define it in this way, with no significant disagreement noted.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

גָּרוֹן n.m. neck, throat

of the visible exterior (front) of throat, neck

throat, as capable of thirst; as organ of speech

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1627 גָּרוֹן neck, throat

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1627 garown gaw-rone'

or (shortened) garon {gaw-rone'}; from 1641; the throat

(compare 1621) (as roughened by swallowing):--X aloud, mouth,

neck, throat.

see HEBREW for 01641

see HEBREW for 01621

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

גָּרוֹן (ga.ron) — throat.

1) neck, throat

1a) neck

1b) throat

1b1) of open sepulchre (fig.)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
HNcmsc/Sp2fs
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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