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Ezekiel 7:16 — Word Study

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WLCוּפָֽלְטוּ֙ פְּלִ֣יטֵיהֶ֔ם וְהָי֣וּ אֶל־ הֶהָרִ֗ים כְּיוֹנֵ֧י הַגֵּאָי֛וֹת כֻּלָּ֖ם הֹמ֑וֹת אִ֖ישׁ בַּעֲוֹנֽוֹ׃

BSAThe survivorspâlîyṭ [refugees, fugitives] will escapepâlaṭ [slip out, flee] and live inʼêl [exist, dwell] the mountainshar [hills] moaninghâmâh [mourning, making a loud noise] like dovesyôwnâh [pigeons] of the valleygayʼ [deep, narrow gorge] eachʼîysh [every individual, man] for his own iniquityʻâvôn [personal, unique, moral evil, sin]

Word
Listen & take awayEzekiel 7
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 16 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (ba.'a.vo.No) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Ezekiel 7:16quick helps
In a sentenceEzekiel describes the fate of those who survive the coming destruction, highlighting their sorrow and individual accountability.
Who is speakingThe prophet Ezekiel, delivering a message from God to the people of Israel.
Where we areThis verse is part of a prophecy concerning the judgment and destruction faced by Jerusalem and its inhabitants.
The hard wordעָוֹן
Take awaySurvivors will escape to the mountains, mourning for their sins.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbפָּלַט The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Ezekiel 7:16

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — The Judgment on Israelgenerated

15The sword is outside; plague and famine are within. Those in the country will die by the sword, and those in the city will be devoured by famine and plague.
16The survivors will escape and live in the mountains, moaning like doves of the valley, each for his own iniquity.
17Every hand will go limp, and every knee will turn to water.
18They will put on sackcloth, and terror will overwhelm them. Shame will cover all their faces, and all their heads will be shaved.

Ezekiel 7:16 describes the survivors of the impending calamity, emphasizing their escape to the mountains while mourning like doves. This imagery conveys their sorrow and the weight of their iniquities, reflecting the broader themes of judgment and accountability in Ezekiel's prophecies. The surrounding verses illustrate the dire circumstances the people face, as the sword, plague, and famine threaten their existence.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Ezekiel 6:8Yet I will leave a remnant, for some of you will escape the sword when you are scattered among the nations and throughout the lands.
2Ezra 9:15O LORD, God of Israel, You are righteous! For we remain this day as a remnant. Here we are before You in our guilt, though because of it no one can stand before You.”
3Isaiah 1:9Unless the LORD of Hosts had left us a few survivors, we would have become like Sodom, we would have resembled Gomorrah.
4Isaiah 37:31And the surviving remnant of the house of Judah will again take root below and bear fruit above.
5Jeremiah 44:14–28so that none of the remnant of Judah who have gone to reside in Egypt will escape or survive to return to the land of Judah, where they long to return and live; for none will return except a few fugitives.”

The Key Word פָּלַט, u.fal.Tugenerated

The verb פָּלַט (palat) means to escape or slip away, often in the context of deliverance from danger. It indicates a successful exit from perilous situations, such as the Israelites escaping Egypt. The parsing as a sequential perfect third person common plural suggests that this action is a completed event for multiple subjects.

This word captures the essence of survival, as the escapees are those who have managed to flee from destruction. The use of פָּלַט in this verse highlights the theme of God's deliverance amid judgment.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses escapees for פְּלִ֣יטֵיהֶ֔ם.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The main verb וּפָֽלְטוּ֙ (and they will escape) governs the entire clause, indicating the action of the survivors. The structure includes noun phrases for the subject and object, as well as prepositional phrases that provide additional context about their destination and state.

The Hebrew word order emphasizes the action of escaping first, followed by the description of their destination and emotional state, which underscores the urgency and gravity of the situation.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Greek translation uses ἀνασωθήσονται for וּפָֽלְטוּ֙, which carries a similar meaning of escaping or being saved. This choice reflects a consistent understanding of the survivors as those who are delivered from danger.

The word ἀποκτενῶ for הֹמ֑וֹת suggests a broader interpretation of their cries, possibly indicating a more intense emotional state than simply mourning.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Ezekiel 7:16 tells us that the survivors will escape to the mountains, crying out like doves. Each person will mourn for their own sins. This verse highlights the sorrow and accountability of those who remain after the destruction.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean to escape to the mountains?

Escaping to the mountains symbolizes seeking refuge and safety away from the destruction occurring in the cities.

Why are the survivors compared to doves?

Doves are often seen as symbols of peace and mourning, and this comparison emphasizes the sorrowful state of the survivors as they lament their iniquities.

What is the significance of each person mourning for their own iniquity?

This highlights personal accountability for one's actions and sins, suggesting that each individual must confront their own moral failings.

How does this verse connect to the themes of judgment in Ezekiel?

It reflects the consequences of sin and the hope for survival amid judgment, illustrating the tension between despair and the possibility of deliverance.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what ways do I see the consequences of my actions affecting my life and the lives of others?
  2. How can I find hope and refuge in difficult times, like the survivors in this verse?
  3. What does it mean for me to take personal responsibility for my actions and their impact?
  4. How can I express my sorrow for my own shortcomings in a constructive way?

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Ezekiel 7:16 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

But they that escape of them shall escape,.... Some few should escape the pestilence, famine, and sword, and flee to the mountains, where they should live a very miserable and uncomfortable life; so

Read John Gill on Ezekiel 7 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

But they that escape of them shall escape, and shall be on the mountains like doves of the valleys, all of them mourning, every one for his iniquity. They that escape of them shall escape - (Ezekiel 6:8).

Read Robert Jamieson on Ezekiel 7 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

As we read the words they are a prediction, some shall escape, and a promise of some mercy in the escape. But if we read them as we may, And flee ye that are escaped of them, in the imperative, they are a command to, or direction for, such as would escape, like that . On the mountains; wandering out of their proper place, and uneasy, like doves that are frighted out of their nests, and fly among the wilder sort of doves, which give them trouble and danger, such will be the state of escaped ones among savage idolaters. Mourning; bemoaning themselves, and making a mournful noise, . For his iniquity; either for the punishment of their iniquity, so the worst of those that escape; or for their…

Read Matthew Poole on Ezekiel 7 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Ezekiel 7:16 But they that escape of them shall escape, and shall be on the mountains like doves of the valleys, all of them mourning, every one for his iniquity.Ver. 16. But they that escaped of them.] Here we have the mournful repentance of them that escaped, Fere autem fit ut, malo demure accepto, oculos aperiamus, saith Lavater here. All of them mourning, every one for his iniquity.] Thus Hezekiah "mourned as a dove." And we mourn sore like doves, saith the Church; happy if it be every man for his iniquity, and not for the punishment of it only or mainly. See that it be a "sorrow according to God," a sorrow to a "transmentation." äîú eiulantes, ut pueri solent qui virgis coercentur.

Read John Trapp on Ezekiel 7 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(16) Like doves of the valleys.—To this general destruction there will be exceptions, as generally in war there are fugitives and captives; but these, like doves whose home is in the valleys driven by fear to the mountains, shall mourn in their exile. In the mourning “every one for his iniquity,” iniquity is to be understood in the sense of the punishment for iniquity; the thought of repentance is not here brought forward. Their utter discouragement and feebleness and grief are further described in Ezekiel 7:17-18.

Read Charles John Ellicott on Ezekiel 7 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 16. They - shall be on the mountains like doves of the valleys] Rather, like mourning doves הגאיות haggeayoth, chased from their dove-cotes, and separated from their mates.

Read AdamClarke on Ezekiel 7 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

16. Read: and when (if) they that escape of them shall escape, they shall be upon the mountains.mourning] This refers to the doves: the fugitives shall be on the mountains (seeking refuge) like doves of the valleys, all of which mourn. Isaiah 59:11, We moan all like bears, and mourn sore like doves; Ezekiel 38:14, Like a swallow so did I chatter, I did mourn as a dove. The Arabic poets often refer to the mourning of the dove or ring-dove (Ḳ ?umrî) as being like their own. See the citations of Ahlwardt, Chalef el Aḥ ?mar p. 102 seq. Similarly in the Babylonian Penitential Psalms (Zimmern), Ps. 1:10, Like doves do I mourn; on sighs I feed myself; Psalms 6:4; Psalms 7:10. for his iniquity] Or…

Read Cambridge on Ezekiel 7 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

As doves whose natural abode is the valleys moan lamentably when driven by fear into the mountains, so shall the remnant, who have escaped actual death, moan in the land of their exile.

Read Albert Barnes on Ezekiel 7 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

The survivors will escape and live in the mountains, moaning like doves of the valley, each for his own iniquity.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

But of those who escape, they will escape and will be on the mountains like doves of the valleys, all of them moaning, everyone in his iniquity.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

The survivors will escape and live in the mountains, moaning like doves of the valley, each for his own iniquity.

NETBNew English Translation2006

Their survivors will escape to the mountains and become like doves of the valleys; all of them will moan – each one for his iniquity.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

¶ But they that escape of them shall escape, and shall be on the mountains like doves of the valleys, all of them mourning, every one for his iniquity.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

But those of them that escape shall escape, and shall be on the mountains like doves of the valleys, all of them moaning, every one in his iniquity.

RVARevised Version, American1894

But they that escape of them shall escape, and shall be on the mountains like doves of the valleys, all of them mourning, every one in his iniquity.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

But they that escape of them shall escape, and shall be on the mountains like doves of the valleys, all of them mourning, every one for his iniquity.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

But they that flee away from them, shall escape, and shalbe in the mountaines, like the doues of the valleis: all they shall mourne, euery one for his iniquitie.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

And they that escape of them shall escape, and shall be on the mountains like doves of the valleys, all of them moaning, every one for his iniquity.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

And escaped away have their fugitives, And they have been on the mountains As doves of the valleys, All of them make a noising — each for his iniquity.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

And their fugitives have escaped away, || And they have been on the mountains || As doves of the valleys, || All of them making a noise—each for his iniquity.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

But they that escape of them shall escape, and they shall be on the mountains like the doves of the valleys, all of which are moaning, every one in his iniquity.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

But some survivors will escape from among them, and they will go to the mountains. Like doves of the valleys, all of them will moan—each man for his iniquity.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

And such of them as shall flee shall escape: and they shall be in the mountains like doves of the valleys, all of them trembling, every one for his iniquity.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

Those who do survive will escape and go to live in the mountains. They will sigh like the doves of the valley, each person thinking about their own sins.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

And those of them who get away safely will go and be in the secret places like the doves of the valleys, all of them will come to death, every one in his sin.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

וּandclauseverbפָֽלְטוּ֙they.will.escapenoun phrase · subjectפְּלִ֣יטֵיescapeesהֶ֔םtheirוְandclauseverbהָי֣וּthey.will.beprepositional phrase · prepositionalאֶלtonoun phraseהֶtheהָרִ֗יםmountainsprepositional phrase · prepositionalכְּlikenoun phraseיוֹנֵ֧יthe.dovesnoun phraseהַofגֵּאָי֛וֹתthe.valleysclausenoun phrase · subjectכֻּלָּ֖of.themםallverbהֹמ֑וֹת[will.be].moaningadverbialאִ֖ישׁeveryoneprepositional phrase · prepositionalבַּfornoun phraseעֲוֺנֽhis.ownוֹiniquity

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text of Ezekiel 7:16 states that the survivors will escape and live in the mountains, mourning like doves of the valley, each for his own iniquity. The Septuagint, while it matches 8 of the 11 words in a word-by-word correspondence, does not provide a complete translation for this verse, indicating that it may differ in wording or structure from the Masoretic Text. The Samaritan Pentateuch and the Dead Sea Scrolls are not mentioned here, suggesting that there may be no additional witnesses to compare for this specific verse.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

וּפָֽלְטוּ֙ פְּלִ֣יטֵיהֶ֔ם וְהָי֣וּ אֶל־ הֶהָרִ֗ים כְּיוֹנֵ֧י הַגֵּאָי֛וֹת כֻּלָּ֖ם הֹמ֑וֹת אִ֖ישׁ בַּעֲוֹנֽוֹ׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
וּפָֽלְטוּ֙ἀνασωθήσονταιוְהָי֣וּἔσονταιאֶל־ἐπὶהֶהָרִ֗יםὀρέωνכֻּלָּ֖םπάνταςהֹמ֑וֹתἀποκτενῶאִ֖ישׁἕκαστονבַּעֲוֹנֽוֹ׃αὐτοῦ

8 of the 11 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Ezekiel 7:16פָּלַטand they wiand they will eפָּלַטפָּלִיטescapees thescapees theirפָּלִיטהָיָהand they wiand they will bהָיָהאֶלtotoאֶלהַרthe mountaithe mountainsהַריוֹנָהlike [the] like [the] doveיוֹנָהגַּיְאthe valleysthe valleysגַּיְאכֹּלall of themall of themכֹּלהָמָהmoaningmoaningהָמָהאִישׁeveryoneeveryoneאִישׁעָוֹןfor own inifor own iniquitעָוֹןפָּלַטto escapeto escapeפָּלַטכָּלַלto perfectto perfectכָּלַלהָוָאto fallto fallהָוָאהַרmountainmountainהַריַ֫יִןwinewineיַ֫יִןגֵּוָהprideprideגֵּוָההוּםto make noto make noiseהוּםאֱנוֹשׁhumanhumanאֱנוֹשׁאִשָּׁהwomanwomanאִשָּׁהעָוָהto twistto twistעָוָהאֲבַדto destroyto destroyאֲבַדאֶפְרַ֫יִםEphraimEphraimאֶפְרַ֫יִםמְצוּדָהnetnetמְצוּדָהשָׂרִידsurvivorsurvivorשָׂרִידפָּלַלto prayto prayפָּלַליִרְמְיָ֫הJeremiahJeremiahיִרְמְיָ֫הגִּבְעָהGibeatGibeatגִּבְעָההָגָהto mutterto mutterהָגָה
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Ezekiel 7:16

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

and they will escape escapees their and they will be to the mountains like [the] doves of the valleys all of them moaning everyone for own iniquity his
וּפָֽלְטוּ֙u.fal.Tu and they will escape H6403 Verb · Qal · sequential perfect third person common plural
26× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To escape means to slip out of a difficult situation, like the Israelites did when they left Egypt, as told in Exodus 14. The word can also mean to deliver or save someone, often used to describe God's actions in the Bible. It appears in various forms throughout the Old Testament.
Amplified meaning
slip out, flee
Tyndale gloss
to escape
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

פָּלַט (palat) is a Hebrew verb meaning to escape or slip away. It encompasses various nuances, including delivering, bringing to safety, and causing to escape, with different forms indicating active or passive meanings. The entries suggest its use in contexts of security and deliverance, though no specific Old Testament verses are cited.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[פָּלַט] vb. escape

Qal and (if) escapers of them escape.

Pi.

bring into security

cause to escape, cast forth, of cow calving

appar. intrans. be delivered

Hiph. bring into security

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6403 [פָּלַט] escape .and (if) escapers of them escape.

. . bring into security

. cause to escape, cast forth, of cow calving

. appar. intrans. be delivered

. bring into security

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6403 palat paw-lat'

a primitive root; to slip out, i.e. escape; causatively, to

deliver:--calve, carry away safe, deliver, (cause to) escape.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

פָּלַט (pa.lat) — to escape.

1) to escape, save, deliver, slip away

1a) (Qal) to escape

1b) (Piel)

1b1) to bring into security, deliver

1b2) to cause to escape, cast forth

1b3) to be delivered

1b4) to slip away

1c) (Hiphil) to bring into security, bring to safety

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Qal-3cp — Verb · Qal · sequential perfect third person common plural
Hc/Vqq3cp
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Nave's Topical Bible

→ NONE, FROM THE JUDGMENTS OF GOD Ge 3:7-11; 4:9-11; Job 34:21,22; Isa 10:3; Mt 23:33; Ro 2:3; 1Th 5:2,3; Heb 2:2,3; 12:25,26; Re 6:15-17

See SIN, FRUITS OF

See SIN, PUNISHMENT OF

See JUDGMENTS, NO ESCAPE FROM

and they will escape escapees their and they will be to the mountains like [the] doves of the valleys all of them moaning everyone for own iniquity his
פְּלִ֣יטֵיהֶ֔םpe.Li.tei.Hem escapees their H6412 Noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
24× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A survivor refers to a refugee or fugitive who has escaped, as seen in the stories of those who fled from danger in the Bible.
Amplified meaning
refugees, fugitives
Tyndale gloss
survivor
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

פָּלִיט (paliyt) refers to an escaped one, a fugitive, or a refugee. It is derived from the root meaning to escape, and it encompasses the idea of someone who has survived or fled from danger. The entries show that there are different spellings, פָּלִיט and פָּלֵיט, but both refer to similar concepts of survival and escape.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

פָּלִיט n.m. escaped one, fugitive

base

[פָּלֵיט] n.m. id. [q.bo.ae]

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6412a פָּלִיט escaped one, fugitive H6412b פָּלֵיט id. [6412a]

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6412 paliyt paw-leet'

or paleyt {paw-late'}; or palet {paw-late'}; from 6403; a

refugee:--(that have) escape(-d, -th), fugitive.

see HEBREW for 06403

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

פָּלִיט (pa.lit) — survivor.

refugee, fugitive, escaped one

Also means: pa.let (פָּלֵיט "survivor" H6412B)

פָּלֵיט (pa.let) — survivor.

refugee, fugitive, escaped one

Another spelling of pa.lit (פָּלִיט "survivor" H6412A)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-mp | Suff — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
HNcmpc/Sp3mp
and they will escape escapees their and they will be to the mountains like [the] doves of the valleys all of them moaning everyone for own iniquity his
וְהָי֣וּve.ha.Yu and they will be H1961 Verb · Qal · sequential perfect third person common plural
3,562× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for to be means to exist or come into being. It is used to describe something that happens or comes to pass, like in Genesis where God creates the world.
Tyndale gloss
to be
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word הָיָה (hayah) is a primitive root meaning to exist or become, and it encompasses a range of meanings including to happen, occur, and come to pass. It is often used in narrative contexts, particularly in phrases like "and it came to pass." The word can also denote a state of being or existence, and it appears frequently in various forms throughout the Old Testament.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

הָיָה 3570 vb. fall out, come to pass, become, be

Qal

Fall out, happen

occur, take place, come about, come to pass

esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass

וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)

rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה

less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)

Come into being, become

abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come

sq. prep.

become

sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)

sq. pred. adj.

become like

sq. pred. לְ pers.

sq. לְ pred.

oft. c. לְ pred. לְ pers.

with עַל and לְ

sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of

Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming)

exist, be in existence

abide, remain, continue

with word of locality, be in or at a place, be situated, stand, lie

as copula, joining subj. & pred.

Read the full entry →
Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1961 הָיָה fall out, come to pass, become, be .. . . Fall out, happen

. occur, take place, come about, come to pass

. esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass . . וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)

. rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה

. less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)

. Come into being, become . . abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come

. sq. prep.

. become . sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)

. sq. pred. adj.

. become like

. sq. pred. + לְ pers.

. sq. לְ pred.

. oft. c. לְ pred. + לְ pers.

. with עַל and לְ

. sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of

. Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming) . exist, be in existence

. abide, remain, continue

Read the full entry →
Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1961 hayah haw-yaw

a primitive root (compare 1933); to exist, i.e. be or become,

come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or

auxiliary):--beacon, X altogether, be(-come), accomplished,

committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint,

fall, + follow, happen, X have, last, pertain, quit

(one-)self, require, X use.

see HEBREW for 01933

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

הָיָה (ha.yah) — to be.

1) to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out

1a) (Qal)

1a1) ---

1a1a) to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass

1a1b) to come about, come to pass

1a2) to come into being, become

1a2a) to arise, appear, come

1a2b) to become

1a2b1) to become

1a2b2) to become like

1a2b3) to be instituted, be established

1a3) to be

1a3a) to exist, be in existence

1a3b) to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time)

1a3c) to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality)

1a3d) to accompany, be with

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about

1b2) to be done, be finished, be gone

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Hc/Vqq3cp — Verb · Qal · sequential perfect third person common plural
Hc/Vqq3cp
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

See TESTAMENT.

Nave's Topical Bible

→ THE MENTAL FACULTY

Freedom of, recognized by God Ge 4:6-10; De 5:29; 1Ki 20:42; Isa 1:18-20; 43:26; Jer 36:3,7; Joh 7:17

See BLESSINGS, CONTINGENT UPON OBEDIENCE

See CHOICE

See CONTINGENCY

→ OF GOD, THE SUPREME RULE OF DUTY Mt 6:10; 12:50; 26:39,42; Mr 3:35; 14:36; Lu 11:2; 22:42; Joh 4:34; 5:30; 6:38-40; Ac…

and they will escape escapees their and they will be to the mountains like [the] doves of the valleys all of them moaning everyone for own iniquity his
אֶל־'el- to H413 Preposition
5,518× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means 'to' or 'toward', showing direction or movement. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus, to indicate where someone is going. The KJV translates it in various ways, like 'about', 'according to', or 'against'.
Amplified meaning
exist, dwell
Tyndale gloss
to(wards)
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word אֶל (el) is primarily a preposition indicating motion towards or direction to a person or place. It can also imply entering a limit, presence at a location, or a hostile direction (against). Additionally, it may express concepts such as concerning, in addition to, or according to. The entries highlight its versatility in both physical and metaphorical contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֶל (nearly always followed by Makkeph),

prep. denoting motion to or direction towards (whether physical or mental).of motion to or unto a person or place

Where the limit is actually entered, into

Of direction towards anything

Where the motion or direction implied appears from the context to be of a hostile character, אֶל = against

Unto sometimes acquires from the context the sense of in addition to

Metaph. in regard to, concerning, on account of

Of rule or standard according to (rare)

Expressing presence at a spot, against, at, by, not merely after verbs implying motion

Prefixed to other preps. it combines with them the idea of motion or direction to

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H413 אֶל (nearly always followed by Makkeph), . of motion to or unto a person or place

. Where the limit is actually entered, into

. Of direction towards anything

. Where the motion or direction implied appears from the context to be of a hostile character, אֶל = against

. Unto sometimes acquires from the context the sense of in addition to

. Metaph. in regard to, concerning, on account of

. Of rule or standard according to (rare)

. Expressing presence at a spot, against, at, by, not merely after verbs implying motion

. Prefixed to other preps. it combines with them the idea of motion or direction to

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

413 'el ale

(but only used in the shortened constructive form sel {el});

a primitive particle; properly, denoting motion towards, but

occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or

among; often in general, to:--about, according to ,after,

against, among, as for, at, because(-fore, -side), both...and,

by, concerning, for, from, X hath, in(- to), near, (out) of,

over, through, to(-ward), under, unto, upon, whether,

with(-in).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֶל (el) — to(wards).

1) to, toward, unto (of motion)

2) into (limit is actually entered)

2a) in among

3) toward (of direction, not necessarily physical motion)

4) against (motion or direction of a hostile character)

5) in addition to, to

6) concerning, in regard to, in reference to, on account of

7) according to (rule or standard)

8) at, by, against (of one's presence)

9) in between, in within, to within, unto (idea of motion to)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep — Preposition
HR
and they will escape escapees their and they will be to the mountains like [the] doves of the valleys all of them moaning everyone for own iniquity his
הֶהָרִ֗יםhe.ha.Rim the mountains H2022 Particle · noun common masculine plural absolute
546× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
A mountain or hill, sometimes used to describe a spiritual high point. In the Bible, it can refer to a real mountain or a figurative one. The word is often translated as hill or mount.
Amplified meaning
hills
Tyndale gloss
mountain: mount
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

הַר (har) means 'mountain' or 'hill,' and can refer to a range of hills or hill-country. It is derived from a root that suggests elevation and can be used figuratively. The entries consistently highlight its geographical connotations without significant disagreement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

הַר 568 n.m. mountain, hill, hill-country

mountain, hill

hill-country, mountain-region

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2022 הַר mountain, hill, hill-country

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2022 har har

a shortened form of 2042; a mountain or range of hills

(sometimes used figuratively):--hill (country), mount(-ain), X

promotion.

see HEBREW for 02042

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

הַר (har) — mountain: mount.

: mount/hill

hill, mountain, hill country, mount

הַר (har) — mountain: hill country.

: hill_country

hill, mountain, hill country, mount

A sub-meaning of har (הַר ": mount" H2022)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Art | N-mp — Particle · noun common masculine plural absolute
HTd/Ncmpa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

Are among the most sublime and impressive of the Creator’s works on earth, and from the noblest and most enduring monuments of great events. Most of the mountains of Scripture thus stand as witnesses for God—every view of their lofty summits, and every recurrence to them in thought reminding us of the sacred facts and truths connected with them. Thus Mount Ararat is a standing memorial of the deluge of man’s sin, God’s justice, and God’s mercy. Mount Sinai asserts the terrors of the divine law. Mount Carmel summons us, like the prophet Elijah of old, not to "halt between two opinions;" but if Jehovah is God, to love and serve him. The mount of the Transfiguration still shines with the glory of the truths there taught, and Mounts Ebal and Gerizim still echo the curses and the blessings once so solemnly pronounced from them. So Mount Hor, Nebo, Lebanon, and Gilboa have been signalized by…

Torrey's New Topical Textbook

- The elevated parts of the earth

Ge 7:19,20

- GOD

. Formed

Am 4:13

. Set fast

Ps 65:6

. Gives strength to

Ps 95:4

. Weighs, in a balance

Isa 40:12

. Waters, from his chambers

Ps 104:13

. Parches, with draught

Hag 1:11

. Causes, to smoke

Ps 104:32; 144:5

. Sets the foundations of, on fire

De 32:22

. Makes waste

Isa 42:15

. Causes, to tremble

and they will escape escapees their and they will be to the mountains like [the] doves of the valleys all of them moaning everyone for own iniquity his
כְּיוֹנֵ֧יke.yo.Nei like [the] doves of H3123 Preposition · noun common masculine plural construct
31× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Represents a dove, possibly due to the warmth of their mating, and is also used to describe a pigeon. This bird is often seen as a symbol of peace and gentleness in the Bible.
Amplified meaning
pigeons
Tyndale gloss
dove
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יוֹנָה (yownah) means 'dove' or 'pigeon.' It is likely derived from a root related to warmth, possibly reflecting the bird's mating behavior. The entries consistently refer to this word without significant disagreement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יוֹנָה n.f. dove

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3123 יוֹנָה dove

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3123 yownah yo-naw'

probably from the same as 3196; a dove (apparently from the

warmth of their mating):--dove, pigeon.

see HEBREW for 03196

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יוֹנָה (yo.nah) — dove.

dove, pigeon

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-fp — Preposition · noun common masculine plural construct
HR/Ncmpc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

and they will escape escapees their and they will be to the mountains like [the] doves of the valleys all of them moaning everyone for own iniquity his
הַגֵּאָי֛וֹתha.ge.'a.Yot the valleys H1516 Particle · noun common both plural absolute
60× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this Hebrew word refers to a deep, narrow valley or gorge. It is also another name for Topheth, a place of child sacrifice in the Valley of Hinnom. The word describes a steep and dramatic landscape.
Amplified meaning
deep, narrow gorge
Tyndale gloss
Valley
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

גַּיְא (gay) means 'valley' and specifically refers to a steep, narrow gorge. It is likely derived from a root meaning related to height. The term appears in various combinations with names of locations, indicating specific valleys, such as Topheth and Zeboim. There are no significant disagreements among the lexicons regarding its meaning.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

גַּיְא n.m. valley

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1516 גַּיְא valley

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1516 gay' gah'-ee

or (shortened) gay {gah'-ee}; probably (by transmutation)

from the same root as 1466 (abbreviated); a gorge (from its

lofty sides; hence, narrow, but not a gully or

winter-torrent):--valley.

see HEBREW for 01466

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

גַּיְא (gay) — Valley.

valley, a steep valley, narrow gorge

Another name of to.phet (תֹּ֫פֶת "Topheth" H8612)

גַּיְא (gay) — (Iphtahel) Valley.

valley, a steep valley, narrow gorge

Combined with yiph.tach-el (יִפְתַּח־אֵל " of Iphtahel" H3317)

גַּיְא (gay) — (Zeboim) Valley.

valley, a steep valley, narrow gorge

Combined with tse.vo.im (צְבֹעִים " of Zeboim" H6650H)

גַּיְא (gay) — (Salt) Valley.

valley, a steep valley, narrow gorge

Combined with me.lach (מֶ֫לַח " of Salt" H4417H)

גַּיְא (gay) — Ge.

§ valley, a steep valley, narrow gorge

גַּיְא (gay) — (Zephathah) Valley.

valley, a steep valley, narrow gorge

Combined with tse.pha.tah (צְפַ֫תָה "Zephathah" H6859)

גַּיְא (gay) — Valley (Gate).

§ valley, a steep valley, narrow gorge

גַּיְא (gay) — (Hamon-gog) Valley.

valley, a steep valley, narrow gorge

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Art | N-cp — Particle · noun common both plural absolute
HTd/Ncbpa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Torrey's New Topical Textbook

- Tracts of land between mountains

1Sa 17:3

- CALLED

. Vales

De 1:7; Jos 10:40

. Dales

Ge 14:17; 2Sa 18:18

. Fat valleys, when fruitful

Isa 28:1,4

. Rough valleys, when uncultivated and barren

De 21:4

- Watered by mountain streams

Ps 104:8,10

- Canaan abounded in

De 11:11

- ABOUNDED WITH

. Fountains and springs

Thompson Chain Reference topics
and they will escape escapees their and they will be to the mountains like [the] doves of the valleys all of them moaning everyone for own iniquity his
כֻּלָּ֖םku.Lam all of them H3605 Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
5,415× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for 'all' or 'everything' is used throughout the Bible, like in Genesis 1:31, where God sees all He has made as very good. It encompasses the entirety of something, whether people, things, or situations.
Tyndale gloss
all
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all

with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

Absolutely:

without the art., all things, all

with the art. הַכֹּל

where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all

. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3605 kol kole

or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;

hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a

plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any

(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as

many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,

whoso(-ever).

see HEBREW for 03634

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כֹּל (kol) — all.

1) all, the whole

1a) all, the whole of

1b) any, each, every, anything

1c) totality, everything

Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HNcmsc/Sp3mp — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
HNcmsc/Sp3mp
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and they will escape escapees their and they will be to the mountains like [the] doves of the valleys all of them moaning everyone for own iniquity his
הֹמ֑וֹתho.Mot moaning H1993 Verb · Qal · participle (active) feminine plural
34× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To make a loud noise, like roaring or moaning, is what this Hebrew word means. It can also imply a state of turmoil or commotion, like in the book of Jeremiah where it describes a city in uproar.
Amplified meaning
mourning, making a loud noise
Tyndale gloss
to roar
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

הָמָה (hamah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to murmur, growl, or roar, and it conveys a sense of loudness or tumult. It can refer to various forms of noise and commotion, including being boisterous or troubled. The entries suggest a range of meanings from making noise to being in a state of uproar, with some nuances in emotional expression, such as mourning or prayer.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[הָמָה] vb. murmur, growl, roar, be boisterous

Qal

growl like a dog

murmur, fig. of soul in discouragement

roar, of waves

be in commotion, stir

be boisterous, turbulent

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1993 [הָמָה] murmur, growl, roar, be boisterous

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1993 hamah haw-maw'

a primitive root (compare 1949); to make a loud sound like

Engl. "hum"); by implication, to be in great commotion or

tumult, to rage, war, moan, clamor:--clamorous, concourse, cry

aloud, be disquieted, loud, mourn, be moved, make a noise,

rage, roar, sound, be troubled, make in tumult, tumultuous, be

in an uproar.

see HEBREW for 01949

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

הָמָה (ha.mah) — to roar.

1) to murmur, growl, roar, cry aloud, mourn, rage, sound, make noise, tumult, be clamorous, be disquieted, be loud, be moved, be troubled, be in an uproar

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to growl

1a2) to murmur (fig. of a soul in prayer)

1a3) to roar

1a4) to be in a stir, be in a commotion

1a5) to be boisterous, be turbulent

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal — Verb · Qal · participle (active) feminine plural
HVqrfpa
and they will escape escapees their and they will be to the mountains like [the] doves of the valleys all of them moaning everyone for own iniquity his
אִ֖ישׁ'ish everyone H376 Noun common · masculine singular absolute
1,664× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for man, referring to a male person or individual, is used in the Bible to describe humans in contrast to God or animals, as seen in Genesis and Psalms. It can also mean husband or servant. In the KJV, it is translated as man or male.
Amplified meaning
every individual, man
Tyndale gloss
man
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word אִישׁ (iysh) means 'man' and can refer to an individual male, a husband, or a human being in general. It encompasses various meanings, including champion and great man, and can also imply 'whosoever' or 'each.' The word is built from a root suggesting existence and is used throughout the Old Testament.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אִישׁ 2166 n.m. man (= vir)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H376 אִישׁ man (= vir)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

376 'iysh eesh

contracted for 582 (or perhaps rather from an unused root

meaning to be extant); a man as an individual or a male

person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and

in such cases frequently not expressed in

translation):--also, another, any (man), a certain, +

champion, consent, each, every (one), fellow, (foot-,

husband-)man, (good-, great, mighty) man, he, high (degree),

him (that is), husband, man(-kind), + none, one, people,

person, + steward, what (man) soever, whoso(-ever), worthy.

Compare 802.

see HEBREW for 0582

see HEBREW for 0802

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אִישׁ (ish) — man.

: man

1) man

1a) man, male (in contrast to woman, female)

1b) husband

1c) human being, person (in contrast to God)

1d) servant

1e) mankind

1f) champion

1g) great man

2) whosoever

3) each (adjective)

אִישׁ (ish) — man: husband.

: husband

1) man

1a) man, male (in contrast to woman, female)

1b) husband

1c) human being, person (in contrast to God)

1d) servant

1e) mankind

1f) champion

1g) great man

2) whosoever

3) each (adjective)

אִישׁ (ish) — man: anyone.

: anyone/someone

1) man

1a) man, male (in contrast to woman, female)

1b) husband

1c) human being, person (in contrast to God)

1d) servant

1e) mankind

1f) champion

1g) great man

2) whosoever

3) each (adjective)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and they will escape escapees their and they will be to the mountains like [the] doves of the valleys all of them moaning everyone for own iniquity his
בַּעֲוֹנֽוֹ׃ba.'a.vo.No for own iniquity his H5771 Preposition · noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
233× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means moral evil or sin, like the kind God sees in people's hearts. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Psalms. This concept is key to understanding human nature.
Amplified meaning
personal, unique, moral evil, sin
Tyndale gloss
iniquity: crime
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עָוֹן (avon) refers to iniquity, guilt, or the punishment associated with iniquity. It encompasses concepts of moral evil, such as perversity and depravity, and includes the consequences or punishment for these actions. The term appears in contexts like 2 Kings 7:9 and Psalm 51:5, highlighting its significance in discussions of sin and guilt.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עָוֹן n.m. iniquity, guilt, or punishment of iniquity

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5771 עָוֹן iniquity, guilt, or punishment of iniquity

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5771 `avon aw-vone'

or oavown (2 Kings 7:9; Psalm 51:5 (7)) {aw-vone'}; from

5753; perversity, i.e. (moral) evil:--fault, iniquity,

mischeif, punishment (of iniquity), sin.

see HEBREW for 07

see HEBREW for 05753

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עָוֺן (a.van) — iniquity: crime.

: crime

1) perversity, depravity, iniquity, guilt or punishment of iniquity

1a) iniquity

1b) guilt of iniquity, guilt (as great), guilt (of condition)

1c) consequence of or punishment for iniquity

עָוֺן (a.van) — iniquity: guilt.

: guilt

1) perversity, depravity, iniquity, guilt or punishment of iniquity

1a) iniquity

1b) guilt of iniquity, guilt (as great), guilt (of condition)

1c) consequence of or punishment for iniquity

עָוֺן (a.van) — iniquity: punishment.

: punishment

1) perversity, depravity, iniquity, guilt or punishment of iniquity

1a) iniquity

1b) guilt of iniquity, guilt (as great), guilt (of condition)

1c) consequence of or punishment for iniquity

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-cs | Suff — Preposition · noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
HR/Ncmsc/Sp3ms
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

hiz: Used often in the King James Version with reference to a neuter or inanimate thing, or to a lower animal (Ge 1:11, "after his kind"; Le 1:16, "pluck away his crop"; Ac 12:10, "of his own accord"; 1Co 15:38, "his own body"), etc. the Revised Version (British and American) substitutes "its."

Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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