Genesis 4:21 — Word Study
WLCוְשֵׁ֥ם אָחִ֖יו יוּבָ֑ל ה֣וּא הָיָ֔ה אֲבִ֕י כָּל־ תֹּפֵ֥שׂ כִּנּ֖וֹר וְעוּגָֽב׃
BSAAnd his brother’sʼâch [male sibling, close relative] nameshêm [was] JubalYûwbal△ [inventor of musical instruments] ◂hehûwʼ washâyâh■ the fatherʼâb [originator, ancestor] of allkôl [every single one] who playtâphas [handle, skillfully use] the harpkinnôwr [lyre, stringed instrument] and fluteʻûwgâb [pipe, wind instrument]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְשֵׁ֥ם | and [the] name of | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular construct |
| אָחִ֖יו | brother his | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| יוּבָ֑ל | [was] Jubal | Noun proper masculine |
| ה֣וּא | he | Pronoun |
| הָיָ֔ה | he was | Verb, Qal, perfect third person masculine singular |
| אֲבִ֕י | [the] father of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| כָּל־ | every | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| תֹּפֵ֥שׂ | player of | Verb, Qal, participle (active) masculine singular common |
| כִּנּ֖וֹר | harp | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| וְעוּגָֽב׃ | and flute | Conjunction, noun common masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | And his brother’s name was Jubal; he was the father of all who play the harp and flute. |
| KJV | And his brother’s name was Jubal: he was the father of all such as handle the harp and organ. |
| ASV | And his brother’s name was Jubal: he was the father of all such as handle the harp and pipe. |
| YLT | and the name of his brother [is] Jubal, he hath been father of every one handling harp and organ. |
| WEB | His brother’s name was Jubal, who was the father of all who handle the harp and pipe. |
| BBE | And his brother's name was Jubal: he was the father of all players on instruments of music. |
Where they part company is with the phrase תֹּפֵ֥שׂ — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence is structured with a main clause followed by a predicate that describes Jubal's identity and role.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectהוּא
verbהָיָה
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 10 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Genesis 4:21
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Lineage of Caingenerated
Genesis 4:21 presents Jubal as a pivotal figure in the development of music, indicating his role as the father of all who play the harp and flute. This verse is part of a larger narrative that traces the descendants of Cain, showcasing their contributions to culture and society, such as music and craftsmanship. Jubal's invention of musical instruments marks a significant cultural advancement in the early world, paralleling other advancements made by Cain's descendants, as seen in the verses surrounding this passage.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Romans 4:11–12 | And he received the sign of circumcision as a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised. So then, he is the father of all who believe but are not circumcised, in order that righteousness might be credited to them. |
| 2 | Genesis 31:27 | Why did you run away secretly and deceive me, without even telling me? I would have sent you away with joy and singing, with tambourines and harps. |
| 3 | Job 21:12 | singing to the tambourine and lyre and making merry at the sound of the flute. |
| 4 | Isaiah 5:12 | At their feasts are the lyre and harp, tambourines and flutes and wine. They disregard the actions of the LORD and fail to see the work of His hands. |
| 5 | Amos 6:5 | You improvise songs on the harp like David and invent your own musical instruments. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 5 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — יוּבָ֑ל, yu.Valgenerated
The name יוּבָ֑ל (yuval) refers to Jubal, a notable figure in Genesis known for his invention of musical instruments. His name, meaning 'stream', symbolizes creativity and flow, much like music itself.
As a proper noun, Jubal is presented as a singular masculine entity, emphasizing his unique contribution to the arts. This verse highlights his role as the originator of music, establishing a legacy that influences future generations.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb הָיָ֔ה (ha.Yah), he was, governs the structure of the verse, indicating the subject's identity and role. The sentence is constructed with noun phrases that provide additional information about Jubal and his significance.
The sentence begins with the subject אָחִ֖יו ('a.Chiv), his brother, followed by the predicate יוּבָ֑ל (yuval), was Jubal, creating a clear and direct statement about his identity and role as the father of musicians.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates Jubal as ιουβαλ (iouval), maintaining the name's identity while rendering the phrase for musical instruments with ψαλτήριον for harp and κιθάραν for flute. This choice reflects a Greek adaptation of the Hebrew terms, emphasizing the cultural significance of music.
The translation choices in the Septuagint suggest an interpretation that aligns with the understanding of music in Hellenistic culture, showing the importance of Jubal's contributions in a broader context.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Genesis 4:21 tells us that Jubal was the brother of Jabal and the father of all who play the harp and flute. This verse highlights his significance in the development of music, showing that he was an inventor of musical instruments, which played an important role in cultural expression.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Jubal was a figure mentioned in Genesis 4:21, known as the inventor of musical instruments, specifically the harp and flute.
This phrase indicates that Jubal is considered the originator of music, establishing a legacy for all musicians who came after him.
Jubal's invention of musical instruments signifies a cultural advancement, allowing for the expression of emotions and storytelling through music.
Musical instruments are often associated with worship, celebration, and the expression of joy in the Bible, highlighting their importance in cultural and religious practices.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What role does music play in my life, and how can I appreciate its origins as seen in Jubal's story?
- How can I use my talents to contribute to the cultural expressions in my community, similar to Jubal?
- In what ways can I explore the significance of music in worship and celebration as depicted in the Bible?
- How does understanding the history of musical instruments deepen my appreciation for music today?
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Genesis 4:21 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd his brother's name was Jubal,.... This was another son of Lamech by Adah, and his name differs only in one letter from his brother's; he was the father of all such that handle the harp and organ:
Read John Gill on Genesis 4 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd his brother's name was Jubal: he was the father of all such as handle the harp and organ. Jubal the father of all such as handle the harp and organ . Jubal means "sound" or "music".
Read Robert Jamieson on Genesis 4 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleOr, the lovely instrument; but what kind of instrument this was, even the Jews do not understand. The meaning is, he was the inventor of music and musical instruments.
Read Matthew Poole on Genesis 4 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsGenesis 4:21 And his brother’ s name [was] Jubal: he was the father of all such as handle the harp and organ.Ver. 21. As handle the harp and organ.] He invented Musicam, mentis medicinam maestae . The word here rendered organ is in the Chaldee Paraphrast, a pipe. It imports loveliness and delight: for men do naturally love and delight in music. Ezekiel’ s hearers seemed to be much taken with his pulpit music, but proved at length like the Jassians in Strabo, who, delighted with the music of an excellent harper, ran all away as soon as the market bell rang, save only one deaf old man. These antediluvians likely were set all upon the merry mode, and not unlike the inhabitants of Tombutum in…
Read John Trapp on Genesis 4 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(19-22) Lamech took unto him two wives.—Whether polygamy began with Lamech is uncertain, but it is in keeping with the insolent character of the man. The names of his wives bear testimony to the existence, even at this early date, of considerable refinement; for I can scarcely believe that we need go to the Assyrian dialect for the meaning of two words for which Hebrew suffices. They are explained in Assyrian as being edhatu, “darkness,” and tzillatu, “the shades of night.” In Hebrew Adah means ornament, especially that which is for the decoration of the person; while Zillah means shadow, which agrees very closely with the Assyrian explanation. Both have distinguished children. Jabal…
Read Charles John Ellicott on Genesis 4 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 21. Jubal - the father] i.e. The inventor of musical instruments, such as the כנור kinnor, which we translate harp, and the עוגב ugab, which we render organ; it is very likely that both words are generic, the former including under it all stringed instruments, and the latter, all wind instruments.
Read AdamClarke on Genesis 4 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges21. Jubal] The originator of musical instruments. Music is thus regarded as the most ancient art. For the name, compare the word “Jubilee”; yτbκl is “the ram’s horn.” harp and pipe] i.e. the simplest of stringed and wind instruments used by shepherds. LXX ψαλτήριονκαὶκιθάραν: Lat. cithara et organo.
Read Cambridge on Genesis 4 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible21. Harp and organ — Here used as general names of stringed and wind instruments of music.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Genesis 4 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
And his brother’s name was Jubal; he was the father of all who play the harp and flute.
His brother’s name was Jubal, who was the father of all who handle the harp and pipe.
And his brother’s name was Jubal; he was the father of all who play the harp and flute.
The name of his brother was Jubal; he was the first of all who play the harp and the flute.
Tyndale line
And his brother’s name was Jubal: he was the father of all such as handle the harp and organ.
And his brother’s name was Jubal: he was the father of all such as handle the harp and pipe.
And his brother’s name was Jubal: he was the father of all such as handle the harp and pipe.
And his brother's name was Jubal: he was the father of all such as handle the harp and organ.
And his brothers name was Iubal, who was the father of all that play on the harpe and organes.
Strictly literal
And his brother's name was Jubal: he was the father of those who handle the harp and pipe.
and the name of his brother [is] Jubal, he hath been father of every one handling harp and organ.
and the name of his brother [is] Jubal, he has been father of everyone handling harp and pipe.
And his brother's name was Jubal; he was the father of all such as play on the harp and guitar.
His brother's name was Jubal. He was the father of those who play the harp and pipe.
From the Latin
And his brother’s name was Jubal; he was the father of them that play upon the harp and the organs.
Simplified
He had a brother named Jubal; he was the father of all those who play stringed and wind instruments.
And his brother's name was Jubal: he was the father of all players on instruments of music.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text states: וְשֵׁ֥ם אָחִ֖יו יוּבָ֑ל ה֣וּא הָיָ֔ה אֲבִ֕י כָּל־ תֹּפֵ֥שׂ כִּנּ֖וֹר וְעוּגָֽב׃. The Septuagint matches seven of the ten words, while the Samaritan Pentateuch differs in two words, using כנר (cither) and עגב (flute), indicating variations in the musical terminology.
וְשֵׁ֥ם אָחִ֖יו יוּבָ֑ל ה֣וּא הָיָ֔ה אֲבִ֕י כָּל־ תֹּפֵ֥שׂ כִּנּ֖וֹר וְעוּגָֽב׃
7 of the 10 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
ושׁם אחיו יובל הוא היה אבי כל תפשׂ כנר ועגב
2 words differ from the Masoretic Text: כנר (cither), עגב (flute)
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Genesis 4:21
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
שֵׁם (shem) means 'name' and encompasses various meanings such as reputation, fame, and glory. It can refer to the designation of God and is often associated with memorials or monuments. The word is built from a primitive root and highlights individuality and honor. There is a mention of its use in relation to false gods, which is forbidden.
שֵׁם 864 n.m. name (√ unknown)
of river, beasts, city, i.e. exact designation of it
usu. of pers.
= reputation
esp. as giving a man a kind of posthumous life, esp. in his sons
name, as designation of God
of false gods, use forbidden
= memorial, monument
base
H8034 שֵׁם name (√ unknown)
8034 shem shame
a primitive word (perhaps rather from 7760 through the idea
of definite and conspicuous position; compare 8064); an
appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by
implication honor, authority, character:--+ base,
(in-)fame(-ous), named(-d), renown, report.
see HEBREW for 07760
see HEBREW for 08064
שֵׁם (shem) — name.
1) name
1a) name
1b) reputation, fame, glory
1c) the Name (as designation of God)
1d) memorial, monument
Aramaic equivalent: shum (שֻׁם "name" H8036)
Conj | N-ms — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular constructHC/Ncmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
אָח (ach) means 'brother' and encompasses a broad range of relationships, including literal siblings, half-brothers, and metaphorical kinship. It can refer to any male relative or compatriot, and it may also imply resemblance or reciprocal relationships. The term is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, highlighting both familial and figurative connections.
אָח 630 n.m. brother
brother, born of same mother (& father)
indef. = relative
fig. of resemblance
in phr. one … another
base
H251 אָח brother
251 'ach awkh
a primitive word; a brother (used in the widest sense of
literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance
(like 1)):--another, brother(-ly); kindred, like, other.
Compare also the proper names beginning with "Ah-" or "Ahi-".
see HEBREW for 01
אָח (ach) — brother: male-sibling.
: male-sibling
1) brother
1a) brother of same parents
1b) half-brother (same father)
1c) relative, kinship, same tribe
1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)
1e) (fig.) of resemblance
אָח (ach) — brother: male-relative.
: male-relative
1) brother
1a) brother of same parents
1b) half-brother (same father)
1c) relative, kinship, same tribe
1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)
1e) (fig.) of resemblance
אָח (ach) — brother: compatriot.
: compatriot
1) brother
1a) brother of same parents
1b) half-brother (same father)
1c) relative, kinship, same tribe
1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)
1e) (fig.) of resemblance
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp3ms
יוּבָ֑ל (Yuwbal) refers to Jubal, a figure from the pre-Flood era mentioned in Genesis 4:21. He is described as the son of Lamech and Adah, and is credited with inventing musical instruments. The name is derived from a root meaning 'stream.' His familial connections include his brother Jabal and Tubal-cain.
יוּבָ֑ל n.pr.m. son of Lamech by Adah, and inventor of musical instr. Gn 4:21 (J)
ref
H3106 יוּבָ֑ל son of Lamech by Adah, and inventor of musical instr.
3106 Yuwbal yoo-bawl'
from 2986; stream; Jubal, an antediluvian:--Jubal.
see HEBREW for 02986
יוּבָ֑ל (yu.val) — Jubal.
A man living at the time before the Flood, only mentioned at Gen.4.21;
son of: Lamech (H3929) and Adah (H5711);
brother of: Jabal (H2989), Tubal-cain (H8423), Naamah (H5279)
§ Jubal = "stream"
the son of Lamech by Adah and the inventor of musical instruments
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
joo'-bal (yubhal; for meaning see JABAL): Son of Lamech by Adah, and inventor of musical instruments (Ge 4:21).
Jubal
Jubilee, music, Lamech’s second son by Adah, of the line of Cain. He was the inventor of “the harp” (Heb. kinnor, properly “lyre”) and “the organ” (Heb. ‘ugab, properly “mouth-organ” or Pan’s pipe), Gen. 4:21.
(music), a son of Lamech by Adah, and the inventor of the "harp and organ." (Genesis 4:21)
Music, son of Lamech and Adah, and a descendant of Cain. He invented the lyre, and the shepherd’s pipe, Ge 4:21.
הוּא (hu) is a third-person singular pronoun meaning he, she, or it, used for emphasis or when no verb is present. It can also refer to oneself or serve as a demonstrative pronoun. The word has various nuances, including resuming the subject with emphasis or expressing it unobtrusively. It can indicate 'that' or 'those' when used with the definite article.
הוּא m. הִיא f., pron. of the 3rd ps. sing. he, she, used also (in both genders) for the neuter it
an emph. he (she, it, they), sometimes equivalent to himself (herself, itself, themselves), or (esp. with the art.) that (those)
It resumes the subj. with emph.
Where, however, the pron. follows the pred., its position gives it the minimum of emphasis, and it expresses (or resumes) the subject as unobtrusively as possible
It anticipates (as it seems) the subject
As an emph. predicate, of God
In a neuter sense, that, it (of an action, occurrence, matte, etc.)
With the art.: so regularly when joined to a subst. defined itself by the art.
base
H1931 הוּא, הִיא he, she, used also (in both genders) for the neuter it . an emph. he (she, it, they), sometimes equivalent to himself (herself, itself, themselves), or (esp. with the art.) that (those)
. It resumes the subj. with emph.
. Where, however, the pron. follows the pred., its position gives it the minimum of emphasis, and it expresses (or resumes) the subject as unobtrusively as possible
. It anticipates (as it seems) the subject
. As an emph. predicate, of God
. In a neuter sense, that, it (of an action, occurrence, matte, etc.)
. With the art.: so regularly when joined to a subst. defined itself by the art.
1931 huw' hoo
of which the feminine (beyond the Pentateuch) is hiyw {he}; a
primitive word, the third person pronoun singular, he (she or
it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also
(intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same;
sometimes (as demonstrative) this or that; occasionally
(instead of copula) as or are:--he, as for her, him(-self),
it, the same, she (herself), such, that (...it), these, they,
this, those, which (is), who.
הוּא (hu) — he/she/it.
pron 3p s
1) he, she, it
1a) himself (with emphasis)
1b) resuming subj with emphasis
1c) (with minimum emphasis following predicate)
1d) (anticipating subj)
1e) (emphasising predicate)
1f) that, it (neuter) demons pron
2) that (with article)
Pron — PronounHPp3ms
ha: The fifth letter of the Hebrew alphabet; transliterated in this Encyclopedia as "h." It came also to be used for the number 5. For name, etc., see ALPHABET.
The Hebrew word הָיָה (hayah) is a primitive root meaning to exist or become, and it encompasses a range of meanings including to happen, occur, and come to pass. It is often used in narrative contexts, particularly in phrases like "and it came to pass." The word can also denote a state of being or existence, and it appears frequently in various forms throughout the Old Testament.
הָיָה 3570 vb. fall out, come to pass, become, be
Qal
Fall out, happen
occur, take place, come about, come to pass
esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass
וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)
rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה
less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)
Come into being, become
abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come
sq. prep.
become
sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)
sq. pred. adj.
become like
sq. pred. לְ pers.
sq. לְ pred.
oft. c. לְ pred. לְ pers.
with עַל and לְ
sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of
Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming)
exist, be in existence
abide, remain, continue
with word of locality, be in or at a place, be situated, stand, lie
as copula, joining subj. & pred.
H1961 הָיָה fall out, come to pass, become, be .. . . Fall out, happen
. occur, take place, come about, come to pass
. esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass . . וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)
. rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה
. less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)
. Come into being, become . . abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come
. sq. prep.
. become . sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)
. sq. pred. adj.
. become like
. sq. pred. + לְ pers.
. sq. לְ pred.
. oft. c. לְ pred. + לְ pers.
. with עַל and לְ
. sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of
. Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming) . exist, be in existence
. abide, remain, continue
1961 hayah haw-yaw
a primitive root (compare 1933); to exist, i.e. be or become,
come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or
auxiliary):--beacon, X altogether, be(-come), accomplished,
committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint,
fall, + follow, happen, X have, last, pertain, quit
(one-)self, require, X use.
see HEBREW for 01933
הָיָה (ha.yah) — to be.
1) to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out
1a) (Qal)
1a1) ---
1a1a) to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass
1a1b) to come about, come to pass
1a2) to come into being, become
1a2a) to arise, appear, come
1a2b) to become
1a2b1) to become
1a2b2) to become like
1a2b3) to be instituted, be established
1a3) to be
1a3a) to exist, be in existence
1a3b) to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time)
1a3c) to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality)
1a3d) to accompany, be with
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about
1b2) to be done, be finished, be gone
V-Qal-Perf-3ms — Verb · Qal · perfect third person masculine singularHVqp3ms
ha: The fifth letter of the Hebrew alphabet; transliterated in this Encyclopedia as "h." It came also to be used for the number 5. For name, etc., see ALPHABET.
אָב (av) means 'father' and encompasses various roles such as the literal father of an individual, God as the father of His people, and the head of a household or clan. It can also refer to an ancestor, originator of a profession, or a figure of respect and protection. Notably, it can imply a ruler or chief in later contexts.
אָב 1101 n.m. father
father of individual
of God as father of his people
head of household, family or clan
ancestor
originator or patron of a class, profession, or art
fig. of producer, generator
fig. of benevolence & protection
term of respect & honor
specif., ruler, chief (late)
base
H1 אָב father . father of individual
. of God as father of his people
. head of household, family or clan
. ancestor
. originator or patron of a class, profession, or art
. fig. of producer, generator
. fig. of benevolence & protection
. term of respect & honor
. specif., ruler, chief (late)
1 'ab awb
a primitive word; father, in a literal and immediate, or
figurative and remote application):--chief,
(fore-)father(-less), X patrimony, principal. Compare names
in "Abi-".
אָב (av) — father.
1) father of an individual
2) of God as father of his people
3) head or founder of a household, group, family, or clan
4) ancestor
4a) grandfather, forefathers - of person
4b) of people
5) originator or patron of a class, profession, or art
6) of producer, generator (fig.)
7) of benevolence and protection (fig.)
8) term of respect and honour
9) ruler or chief (spec.)
Also means: av (אַב "father" H0002)
אָב (av) — (Huram)-abi.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.7.13; also called Huram-abi (KJV: "Huram my father's") at 2Ch.2.13; 4.16;
Combined with chi.ram (חִירָם "Hiram" H2438H)
אָב (av) — father of.
The father of Gibeon, also known as Abiel - a man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Sa.9.1;
son of: Zeror (H6872C); married to Maacah (H4601N);
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.
כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all
with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
Absolutely:
without the art., all things, all
with the art. הַכֹּל
where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
base
H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all
. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
3605 kol kole
or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;
hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a
plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any
(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as
many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,
whoso(-ever).
see HEBREW for 03634
כֹּל (kol) — all.
1) all, the whole
1a) all, the whole of
1b) any, each, every, anything
1c) totality, everything
Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
תָּפַשׂ (taphas) is a Hebrew verb meaning to lay hold of or seize. It encompasses actions like capturing, wielding, and handling, with nuances in different forms such as being seized or caught. The entries suggest a range of physical and figurative uses, including the idea of manipulation or unwarranted use.
תָּפַשׂ vb. lay hold of, wield
Qal
lay hold of, seize
grasp in order to wield, wield, use skilfully
Niph. be seized, arrested, caught
Pi. a lizard thou mayest grasp with the hands
base
H8610 תָּפַשׂ lay hold of, wield
8610 taphas taw-fas'
a primitive root; to manipulate, i.e. seize; chiefly to
capture, wield, specifically, to overlay; figuratively, to use
unwarrantably:--catch, handle, (lay, take) hold (on, over),
stop, X surely, surprise, take.
תָּפַשׂ (ta.pha.s) — to capture.
1) to catch, handle, lay hold, take hold of, seize, wield
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to lay hold of, seize, arrest, catch
1a2) to grasp (in order to) wield, wield, use skilfully
1b) (Niphal) to be seized, be arrested, be caught, be taken, captured
1c) (Piel) to catch, grasp (with the hands)
V-Qal — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine singular commonHVqrmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
כִּנּוֹר (kinnor) refers to a lyre or harp, derived from a root meaning to twang. The term is consistently used across lexicons to denote this stringed musical instrument.
כִּנּוֹר n.m. lyre
base
H3658 כִּנּוֹר lyre
3658 kinnowr kin-nore'
from a unused root meaning to twang; a harp: -harp.
כִּנּוֹר (kin.nor) — lyre.
lyre, harp
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
harp.
See MUSIC.
Harp
(Heb. kinnor), the national instrument of the Hebrews. It was invented by Jubal (Gen. 4:21). Some think the word kinnor denotes the whole class of stringed instruments. It was used as an accompaniment to songs of cheerfulness as well as of praise to God (Gen. 31:27; 1 Sam. 16:23; 2 Chr. 20:28; Ps. 33:2; 137:2).
In Solomon’s time harps were made of almug-trees (1 Kings 10:11, 12). In 1 Chr. 15:21 mention is made of “harps on the Sheminith;” Revised Version, “harps set to the Sheminith;” better perhaps “harps…
The harp was the national instrument of the Hebrews, and was well known throughout Asia. Moses assigns its invention to Jubal during the antediluvian period. (Genesis 4:21) Josephus records that the harp had ten strings, and that it was played on with the plectrum. Sometimes it was smaller having only eight strings, and was usually played with the fingers.
Hebrew KINNOR, the most ancient and common stringed instrument of the Jews, more properly translated lyre. It was light and portable, and was used on joyful occasions, whether sacred or not. It was invented by Jubal, Ge 4:21 31:27 1Ch 16:5 25:1-5 Ps 81:2. David was a proficient in its use, 1Sa 16:16,23 18:10. The instrument most nearly resembling our harp was the Hebrew NEBEL, translated, psaltery in the Old Testament, Ps 57:8 81:2 92:3 108:2. It had a general triangular shape, and seven to twelve strings, Ps 33:2 144:9. It was played with the hand or with a short…
עוּגָב (uwgab) refers to a musical instrument, likely a reed instrument such as a flute or panpipes. It is derived from a root meaning 'breathing' and is associated with the sound produced by wind instruments. The entries consistently identify it as a type of pipe used in music.
עוּגָב n.m. a musical instr.
base
H5748 עוּגָב a musical instr.
5748 `uwgab oo-gawb'
or buggab {oog-gawb'}; from 5689 in the original sense of
breathing; a reed-instrument of music:--organ.
see HEBREW for 05689
עוּגָב (u.gav) — pipe.
1) a musical instrument
1a) perhaps a flute, reed-pipe, or panpipes
Conj | N-ms — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular absoluteHC/Ncmsa
floot.
See MUSIC.
Flute
A musical instrument, probably composed of a number of pipes, mentioned Dan. 3:5, 7, 10, 15.
In Matt. 9:23, 24, notice is taken of players on the flute, here called “minstrels” (but in R.V. “flute-players”).
Flutes were in common use among the ancient Egyptians.
(1 Kings 1:40) (marg., PIPE), A musical instrument mentioned amongst others, (Daniel 3:5,7,10,15) as used at the worship of the golden image which Nebuchadnezzar had set up. It bore a close resemblance to the modern flute, and was made of reeds, of copper, and other material. It was the principal wind-instrument.
A soft, sweet-toned wind instrument of music. The word flute is used only in Da 3:5,7,10,15, and is supposed to mean a pipe with two reeds, such as are still to be found in the East. It is blown at the end. See MUSIC, PIPE.