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Job 32:19 — Word Study

Depth

WLCהִנֵּֽה־ בִטְנִ֗י כְּיַ֥יִן לֹא־ יִפָּתֵ֑חַ כְּאֹב֥וֹת חֲ֝דָשִׁ֗ים יִבָּקֵֽעַ׃

BSABeholdhinnêh [look, take notice] my bellybeṭen [womb, inner being] is like unventedpâthach [similar to, comparable with, not opened, sealed] wineyayin [fermented wine, intoxicating drink] it is about to burstbâqaʻ [on the verge, ready, break open, explode] like a newchâdâsh [in the manner of, similar to, fresh, recently created] wineskinʼôwb [container for wine, bag]

Word
Listen & take awayJob 32
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 19 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (yi.ba.Ke.a') — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Job 32:19quick helps
In a sentenceJob expresses an intense inner turmoil, comparing his feelings to wine that is ready to burst.
Who is speakingJob, speaking about his emotional state.
Where we areIn the midst of Job's discourse, where he articulates his frustrations.
The hard wordיִבָּקֵעַ
Take awayJob feels an overwhelming pressure within, ready to explode.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbפָּתַח The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Job 32:19

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — Job's Expression of Inner Turmoilgenerated

18For I am full of words, and my spirit within me compels me.
19Behold, my belly is like unvented wine; it is about to burst like a new wineskin.
20I must speak and find relief; I must open my lips and respond.
21I will be partial to no one, nor will I flatter any man.

Job 32:19 captures Job's deep emotional struggle as he compares his inner feelings to unvented wine, indicating a buildup of pressure that needs release. This moment reflects Job's intense need to express his thoughts and feelings, which he feels are about to overflow, much like wine in a sealed container. The surrounding verses provide context for Job's frustration and desire to speak out, highlighting his struggle to articulate his thoughts amidst his turmoil.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Matthew 9:17Neither do men pour new wine into old wineskins. If they do, the skins will burst, the wine will spill, and the wineskins will be ruined. Instead, they pour new wine into new wineskins, and both are preserved.”

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 1 reference, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word יִבָּקֵעַ, yi.ba.Ke.a'generated

The verb בָּקַע (baqa`) means 'to break open' or 'to cleave.' It suggests a powerful action of splitting or bursting, indicating a strong force at work. In this verse, it conveys Job's feeling of being on the verge of an emotional explosion, as if his pent-up feelings are about to break free.

The Niphal form indicates a passive voice, suggesting that Job feels acted upon by his overwhelming emotions. This construction emphasizes his lack of control over the situation, as he is compelled to express what he feels inside.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against. The BSB uses burst for יִבָּקֵעַ, which aligns with the sense of something breaking open.

Where others part company with the BSB they part company over the rendering of חֲדָשִׁיםnew (ASV, KJV, WEB) versus fresh (ILT), indicating a subtle distinction in the freshness of the wineskin.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The verse consists of two main clauses connected by a simile. The first clause describes Job's inner state with the finite verb הִנֵּה, behold, while the second clause uses יִבָּקֵעַ, it will be split open, to express the impending release of his emotions.

The structure emphasizes Job's urgent need to express himself, with the simile comparing his feelings to the pressure in a sealed wineskin, highlighting the intensity of his inner turmoil.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

In the Septuagint, the Hebrew word יִבָּקֵעַ is rendered as ἐρρηγώς, which carries a similar meaning of breaking or bursting. This choice reflects the translators' understanding of Job's emotional state as one of imminent release.

The Greek word ἀσκὸς for יַיִן indicates a container for wine, reinforcing the imagery of pressure and containment that Job uses in his expression.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Job 32:19 illustrates Job's intense feelings by comparing his inner turmoil to unvented wine, indicating he is about to burst like a new wineskin. This metaphor shows his struggle to express what he is feeling inside, emphasizing the urgency of his emotions.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does Job mean by comparing his belly to unvented wine?

Job is expressing that he feels an overwhelming pressure inside, similar to wine that has not been released from its container, indicating a need to speak out.

Why does Job feel the need to express his feelings?

Job's inner turmoil compels him to speak; he feels that holding back his emotions is unsustainable, similar to a wineskin that cannot contain its contents any longer.

What significance does the term 'new wineskin' have in this context?

The 'new wineskin' symbolizes freshness and the potential for bursting, indicating that Job's feelings are intense and newly formed, ready to be expressed.

How does this verse connect to the overall theme of Job's discourse?

This verse illustrates Job's struggle to articulate his thoughts and feelings amidst his suffering, highlighting the broader theme of the quest for understanding and expression in the face of adversity.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. What are some ways I can express my own feelings when I feel overwhelmed, like Job?
  2. How do I handle situations where I feel pressure to speak out but hesitate?
  3. In what ways can I relate to Job's experience of feeling like I need to burst forth with my thoughts?
  4. How can I support others who may be struggling to express their emotions?

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Job 32:19 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Behold, my belly [is] as wine, [which] hath no vent,.... Or, "is not opened" (a), like a bottle of wine, as Ben Gersom, which is stopped close, and the wine in it new; which is most apt to ferment,

Read John Gill on Job 32 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

Behold, my belly is as wine which hath no vent; it is ready to burst like new bottles. Belly - bosom, from which the words of orientalists, in speaking, seem to come more than with us: they speak gutturally.

Read Robert Jamieson on Job 32 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

My belly, i.e. my mind or heart, which is oft called a man’ s belly, as . As wine; as new wine pent up close in a bottle, as the following words explain it and determine it. The wine is here put for the bottle in which it is, by a common metonymy. New bottles, i.e. bottles of new wine, by the same general figure; for otherwise old bottles are most apt to burst, .

Read Matthew Poole on Job 32 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Job 32:19 Behold, my belly [is] as wine [which] hath no vent; it is ready to burst like new bottles.Ver. 19. Behold, my belly is as wine which hath no vent] By this elegant similitude Elihu illustrateth what he had said before; wherein (as Merlin well observeth) he compareth words shut up in the mind of him that would fain utter them to new wine, not yet throughly purged, the soul to bottles, silence to the stopple, which keeps in the wine, grief hereupon to the breaking of those bottles, speech to the opening of them, by taking away the stopple of silence. And although in this discourse Elihu may seem to lay on more words than the matter requireth, yet he doth not; for he saith no more…

Read John Trapp on Job 32 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(19) New bottles.—Or wine-skins. (Comp. Matthew 9:17.)

Read Charles John Ellicott on Job 32 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 19. My belly is as wine which hath no vent] New wine in a state of effervescence. Like new bottles.] Bottles, or rather bags, made of goat-skins. The head and shanks being cut off, the animal is cased out of the skin. The skin is then properly dressed; the anus and four shank holes properly tied up; and an aperture left at the neck or in some other place for the liquor to be poured in, and drawn out. One of these now lies before me, well tanned, and beautifully ornamented, and capable of holding many gallons. They are used, not only to carry wine and water, but for butter, and also for various dry goods. I have mentioned this in another place. When the wine is in a state of…

Read AdamClarke on Job 32 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

15–22. Turning from the three friends Elihu seems to speak in soliloquy and present to his own mind the singular situation: the three friends are discomfited before Job and reduced to silence; this should not be; therefore he will express his convictions. His breast is filled with thoughts and emotions that will not be repressed: he must speak, that he may find relief. And he will speak fearlessly and in sincerity, not regarding the person of any man.

Read Cambridge on Job 32 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Behold, my belly is as wine which hath no vent - Margin, as in Hebrew, “is not opened” - לאיפתח lo' yipâthach.

Read Albert Barnes on Job 32 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

Behold, my belly is like unvented wine; it is about to burst like a new wineskin.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

Behold, my breast is as wine which has no vent; like new wineskins it is ready to burst.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

Behold, my belly is like unvented wine; it is about to burst like a new wineskin.

NETBNew English Translation2006

Inside I am like wine which has no outlet, like new wineskins ready to burst!

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

Behold, my belly is as wine which hath no vent; it is ready to burst like new bottles.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

Behold, my breast is as wine which hath no vent; Like new wine-skins it is ready to burst.

RVARevised Version, American1894

Behold, my belly is as wine which hath no vent; like new bottles it is ready to burst.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

Behold, my belly is as wine which hath no vent; it is ready to burst like new bottles.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

Beholde, my belly is as the wine, which hath no vent, and like the new bottels that brast.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

Behold, my belly is as wine which hath no vent; like new flasks, it is ready to burst.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

Lo, my breast [is] as wine not opened, Like new bottles it is broken up.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

Behold, my breast [is] as wine not opened, || It is broken up like new bottles.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

Behold, my bosom is like [fresh] wine which hath not been opened: like new bottles it is ready to burst.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

See, my breast is like fermenting wine that has no vent; like new wineskins, it is ready to burst.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

Behold, my belly is as new wine which wanteth vent, which bursteth the new vessels.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

Inside I'm like fermenting wine all bottled up; like new wineskins ready to explode!

BBEBible in Basic English1949

My stomach is like wine which is unable to get out; like skins full of new wine, it is almost burst.

Word by word, the decisions they made

חֲ֝דָשִׁ֗יםcha.da.Shim new H2319 2 different renderings
newASV BBE BSB DBY DRA FBV GNV KJV LSV MSB NETB NWB RVA ULB WEB YLT
freshILT

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseclauseהִנֵּֽהhere!clausenoun phrase · subjectבִטְנִ֗bellyיmyprepositional phrase · predicateכְּ[is].likenoun phraseיַ֥יִןwineclauseadverbialלֹא[which].notverbיִפָּתֵ֑חַit.is.openedclauseprepositional phrase · prepositionalכְּlikenoun phraseאֹב֥וֹתwineskinsחֲ֝דָשִׁ֗יםnewverbיִבָּקֵֽעַit.will.be.split.open

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in this verse, with six of the eight words matched. The Septuagint's word order and articles differ, reflecting its own syntactical structure while maintaining the core message of Job's emotional state.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

הִנֵּֽה־ בִטְנִ֗י כְּיַ֥יִן לֹא־ יִפָּתֵ֑חַ כְּאֹב֥וֹת חֲ֝דָשִׁ֗ים יִבָּקֵֽעַ׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
בִטְנִ֗יμουכְּיַ֥יִןἀσκὸςיִפָּתֵ֑חַδεδεμένοςכְּאֹב֥וֹתὥσπερחֲ֝דָשִׁ֗יםξαλκέωςיִבָּקֵֽעַ׃ἐρρηγώς

6 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Job 32:19הִנֵּהhere!here!הִנֵּהבֶּ֫טֶןbelly mybelly myבֶּ֫טֶןיַ֫יִן[is] like w[is] like wineיַ֫יִןלֹא[which] not[which] notלֹאפָּתַחit is openeit is openedפָּתַחאוֹבlike winesklike wineskinsאוֹבחָדָשׁnewnewחָדָשׁבָּקַעit will be it will be spliבָּקַעחָדַשׁto renewto renewחָדַשׁהֵןlook!look!הֵןאָבfatherfatherאָבנֶ֫גַעplagueplagueנֶ֫גַעחֲלוֹםdreamdreamחֲלוֹםפְּרִיfruitfruitפְּרִימֵעֶהbellybellyמֵעֶהשֵׁכָרstrong dristrong drinkשֵׁכָרשָׁתָהto drinkto drinkשָׁתָהיָכֹלbe ablebe ableיָכֹלעוֹדstillstillעוֹדפִּתּוּחַengravingengravingפִּתּוּחַדָּלdoordoorדָּליִדְּעֹנִיspiritistspiritistיִדְּעֹנִינָחַשׁto divineto divineנָחַשׁעֲגָלָהcartcartעֲגָלָההָרָהpregnantpregnantהָרָהצוּרrockrockצוּר
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Job 32:19

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

here! belly my [is] like wine [which] not it is opened like wineskins new it will be split open
הִנֵּֽה־hi.neh- here! H2009 Particle
843× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word is an expression that means 'behold' or 'look', often used to draw attention to something. It appears in Genesis and Isaiah, and is translated as 'behold' or 'lo' in the KJV.
Amplified meaning
look, take notice
Tyndale gloss
behold
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

הִנֵּה (hinneh) is a Hebrew word meaning 'behold' or 'lo!' It serves as a demonstrative particle used to draw attention, appearing in contexts such as Genesis 19:2. The word is derived from a prolongation of another Hebrew term, but the entries do not provide further details on its usage beyond this.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

הִנֵּה, once הִנֶּה־ Gn 19:2, demonstr.part. lo!, behold!

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2009 הִנֵּה, הִנֶּה־ lo!, behold!

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2009 hinneh hin-nay'

prolongation for 2005; lo!:--behold, lo, see.

see HEBREW for 02005

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

הִנֵּה (hin.neh) — behold.

behold, lo, see, if

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Part — Particle
HTj
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

her, in composition:

here! belly my [is] like wine [which] not it is opened like wineskins new it will be split open
בִטְנִ֗יvit.Ni belly my H990 Noun common feminine singular construct · suffix
72× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word refers to the belly or womb, and is used to describe the seat of hunger, emotions, and even the depths of the afterlife. It is used in the Bible to describe the body and its functions. The KJV translates it as belly, body, or womb.
Amplified meaning
womb, inner being
Tyndale gloss
belly: abdomen
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word בֶּ֫טֶן (*beten*) primarily means 'belly,' 'body,' or 'womb.' It is derived from a root suggesting hollowness and encompasses various uses, including the physical abdomen and metaphorical meanings, such as the seat of hunger or mental faculties. The lexicons consistently highlight these aspects without significant disagreement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בֶּ֫טֶן n.f. belly, body, womb

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H990 בֶּ֫טֶן belly, body, womb

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

990 beten beh'-ten

from an unused root probably meaning to be hollow; the belly,

especially the womb; also the bosom or body of anything:--

belly, body, + as they be born, + within, womb.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בֶּ֫טֶן (be.ten) — belly: abdomen.

: abdomen

1) belly, womb, body

1a) belly, abdomen

1a1) as seat of hunger

1a2) as seat of mental faculties

1a3) of depth of Sheol (fig.)

1b) womb

בֶּ֫טֶן (be.ten) — belly: womb.

: womb/pregnancy

1) belly, womb, body

1a) belly, abdomen

1a1) as seat of hunger

1a2) as seat of mental faculties

1a3) of depth of Sheol (fig.)

1b) womb

בֶּ֫טֶן (be.ten) — belly: hump.

: hump

1) belly, womb, body

1a) belly, abdomen

1a1) as seat of hunger

1a2) as seat of mental faculties

1a3) of depth of Sheol (fig.)

1b) womb

בֶּ֫טֶן (be.ten) — belly: body.

: body

1) belly, womb, body

1a) belly, abdomen

1a1) as seat of hunger

1a2) as seat of mental faculties

1a3) of depth of Sheol (fig.)

1b) womb

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-fs | Suff — Noun common feminine singular construct · suffix
HNcfsc/Sp1bs
here! belly my [is] like wine [which] not it is opened like wineskins new it will be split open
כְּיַ֥יִןke.Ya.yin [is] like wine H3196 Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
141× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for wine, 'yayin', refers to fermented wine and its effects, including intoxication. It is often mentioned in the Bible in the context of banquets and feasts, such as in the book of Esther.
Amplified meaning
fermented wine, intoxicating drink
Tyndale gloss
wine
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יַ֫יִן (yayin) means 'wine' and is associated with fermentation and intoxication. It appears in various contexts, including banqueting. The word is derived from an unused root that suggests the idea of effervescence.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יַ֫יִן 141 n.m. wine

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3196 יַ֫יִן wine

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3196 yayin yah'-yin

from an unused root meaning to effervesce; wine (as

fermented); by implication, intoxication:--banqueting, wine,

wine(-bibber).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יַ֫יִן (ya.yin) — wine.

wine

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
HR/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Easton's Bible Dictionary

Wine

The common Hebrew word for wine is yayin, from a root meaning “to boil up,” “to be in a ferment.” Others derive it from a root meaning “to tread out,” and hence the juice of the grape trodden out. The Greek word for wine is oinos_, and the Latin _vinun. But besides this common Hebrew word, there are several others which are thus rendered.

(1.) Ashishah (2 Sam. 6:19; 1 Chr. 16:3; Cant. 2:5; Hos. 3:1), which, however, rather denotes a solid cake of pressed grapes, or, as in the Revised Version, a cake of raisins.

(2.) ‘Asis, “sweet wine,” or “new wine,” the product of the same year (Cant. 8:2;

The manufacture of wine is carried back in the Bible to the age of Noah, (Genesis 9:20,21) to whom the discovery of the process is apparently, though not explicitly, attributed. The natural history and culture of the vine are described under a separate head. [VINE] The only other plant whose fruit is noticed as having been converted into wine was the pomegranate. (Solomon 8:2) In Palestine the vintage takes place in September, and is celebrated with great rejoicing. The ripe fruit was gathered in baskets, (Jeremiah 6:9) as represented in Egyptian paintings, and was carried to the wine-press. It was then placed in the upper one of the two vats or receptacles of which the winepress was formed, and was subjected to the process of "treading," which has prevailed in all ages in Oriental…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

The vine being natural to the soil of Canaan and its vicinity, wine was much used as a beverage, especially at festivals, Es 1:7 5:6 Da 5:1-4 Joh 2:3. As one of the staple products of the Holy Land, it was employed for drink-offerings in the temple service, Ex 20:26 Nu 15:4-10; it was included among the "first-fruits," De 18:4, and was used in the celebration of the Passover, and subsequently of the Lord’s supper, Mt 26:27-29. Together with corn and oil it denoted all temporal supplies,

→ Made from grapes Ge 40:11; 49:11; Isa 25:6; Jer 40:1,12

→ From pomegranates So 8:2

→ Kept in jars Jer 13:12; 48:12

→ In skins (R. V.) Jos 9:4,13; Job 32:19; Mt 9:17; Lu 5:37,38

→ In bottles Jos 9:4,13; Job 32:19; Jer 13:12; 48:12;

here! belly my [is] like wine [which] not it is opened like wineskins new it will be split open
לֹא־lo'- [which] not H3808 Particle
5,170× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for not or no is used to indicate absence or negation, as when God says no to the Israelites' requests, or when they disobey His commands.
Tyndale gloss
not
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֹא or לוֹא adv. not

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3808 lo' lo

or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often

used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,

ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,

no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out

of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +

of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֹא (lo) — not.

1) not, no

1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)

1b) not (with modifier-negation)

1c) nothing (subst)

1d) without (with particle)

1e) before (of time)

Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HTn — Particle
HTn
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
here! belly my [is] like wine [which] not it is opened like wineskins new it will be split open
יִפָּתֵ֑חַyi.pa.Te.ach it is opened H6605 Verb · Niphal · imperfect third person masculine singular
144× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to engrave or carve, and is used in Exodus to describe the intricate carvings on the furniture of the tabernacle.
Amplified meaning
similar to, comparable with, not opened, sealed
Tyndale gloss
to open
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

פָּתַח (pathach) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to open' and can refer to various actions such as opening doors, loosening restraints, or engraving. It has different forms, including Qal (to open), Niphal (to be opened), and Piel (to engrave). The entries highlight its literal and figurative uses, but there is some overlap in meaning regarding its applications in opening and engraving.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

פָּתַח vb. open

Qal open sack

Niph. be opened

Pi. be opened

free, i.e. ungird, camels

loosen (and remove) sack-cloth

open gates, doors

Hithp. loosen thee the fetters of thy neck

base

[פָּתַח] vb. Pi. engrave

Pu. stones engraved with the engravings of a signet.

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6605a פָּתַח open .open sack

. be opened

. be opened . free, i.e. ungird, camels

. loosen (and remove) sack-cloth

. open gates, doors

. loosen thee the fetters of thy neck

H6605b פָּתַח Pi. engrave

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6605 pathach paw-thakh'

a primitive root; to open wide (literally or figuratively);

specifically, to loosen, begin, plough, carve:--appear, break

forth, draw (out), let go free, (en-)grave(-n), loose (self),

(be, be set) open(-ing), put off, ungird, unstop, have vent.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

פָּתַח (pa.tach) — to open.

1) to open

1a) (Qal) to open

1b) (Niphal) to be opened, be let loose, be thrown open

1c) (Piel)

1c1) to free

1c2) to loosen

1c3) to open, open oneself

1d) (Hithpael) to loose oneself

Aramaic equivalent: pe.tach (פְּתַח "to open" H6606)

פָּתַח (pa.tach) — to engrave.

1) to carve, engrave

1a) (Piel) to engrave

1b) (Pual) to be engraved

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Niphal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Niphal · imperfect third person masculine singular
HVNi3ms
here! belly my [is] like wine [which] not it is opened like wineskins new it will be split open
כְּאֹב֥וֹתke.'o.Vot like wineskins H178 Preposition · noun common feminine plural absolute
17× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this Hebrew word refers to a medium or a person who tries to contact the dead, often using a hollow object like a water skin to make it seem like a spirit is speaking. This practice is forbidden in the Bible.
Amplified meaning
container for wine, bag
Tyndale gloss
medium
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אוֹב (owb) refers to a skin-bottle and is also associated with necromancy and spirits of the dead. The term is built from the idea of a hollow sound, linking it to both a physical object and a practice involving communication with the dead. The entries highlight its meanings as a water skin, a necromancer, and a familiar spirit.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אוֹב n.m. skin-bottle, necromancer, etc.

skin-bottle

necromancer

ghost

necromancy

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H178 אוֹב skin-bottle, necromancer, etc. . skin-bottle

. necromancer

. ghost

. necromancy

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

178 'owb obe

from the same as 1 (apparently through the idea of prattling

a father's name); properly, a mumble, i.e. a water skin (from

its hollow sound); hence a necromancer (ventriloquist, as from

a jar):--bottle, familiar spirit.

see HEBREW for 01

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אוֹב (ov) — medium.

1) water skin bottle

2) necromancer

1b) necromancer, one who evokes the dead

1c) ghost, spirit of a dead one

1d) practice of necromancy

3) one that has a familiar spirit

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-mp — Preposition · noun common feminine plural absolute
HR/Ncfpa
here! belly my [is] like wine [which] not it is opened like wineskins new it will be split open
חֲ֝דָשִׁ֗יםcha.da.Shim new H2319 Adj
53× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for new or fresh, used to describe something recently created or renewed, as seen in God's creation of a new heaven and earth. It emphasizes the idea of something being recent or modern.
Amplified meaning
in the manner of, similar to, fresh, recently created
Tyndale gloss
new
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

חָדָשׁ (chadash) means 'new' or 'fresh.' It is derived from the root word represented by Strong's H2318. The entries indicate that it covers meanings related to novelty and freshness, with an Aramaic equivalent noted as חֲדַ֑ת (cha.dat).

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2319 חָדָשׁ new

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2319 chadash khaw-dawsh'

from 2318; new:--fresh, new thing.

see HEBREW for 02318

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חָדָשׁ (cha.dash) — New (Gate).

§ new, new thing, fresh

חָדָשׁ (cha.dash) — new.

new, new thing, fresh

Aramaic equivalent: cha.dat (חֲדַ֑ת "new" H2323)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Adj — Adj
HAampa
here! belly my [is] like wine [which] not it is opened like wineskins new it will be split open
יִבָּקֵֽעַ׃yi.ba.Ke.a' it will be split open H1234 Verb · Niphal · imperfect third person masculine singular
51× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to break or open something, like a door or a wall, and is used in the Bible to describe God breaking through to help his people, as seen in Psalm 107:16.
Amplified meaning
on the verge, ready, break open, explode
Tyndale gloss
to break up/open
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בָּקַע (baqa`) is a Hebrew verb meaning to cleave or break open. It encompasses a range of actions, including splitting, tearing, and breaking through, with various grammatical forms indicating different nuances, such as being cleft or bursting open. The entries highlight its use in contexts like breaking into or through something, but do not provide specific verse references.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בָּקַע vb. cleave, break open or through

Qal

cleave, cleave open

break through or into

Niph.

be cleft, rent open

be broken into

Pi. cleave, cut to pieces, or rend open

Pu. be ripped open

Hiph. break into

Hoph. the city was broken into

Hithp. burst (themselves) open, of wine-skins; cleave asunder, of valleys

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1234 בָּקַע cleave, break open or through

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1234 baqa` baw-kah'

a primitive root; to cleave; generally, to rend, break, rip

or open:--make a breach, break forth (into, out, in pieces,

through, up), be ready to burst, cleave (asunder), cut out,

divide, hatch, rend (asunder), rip up, tear, win.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בָּקַע (ba.qa) — to break up/open.

1) to split, cleave, break open, divide, break through, rip up, break up, tear

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to cleave, cleave open

1a2) to break through, break into

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be cleft, be rent open, be split open

1b2) to be broken into

1c) (Piel)

1c1) to cleave, cut to pieces, rend open

1c2) to break through, break down

1d) (Pual)

1d1) to be ripped open, be torn open

1d2) to be rent

1d3) to be broken into

1e) (Hiphil)

1e1) to break into

1e2) to break through

1f) (Hophal) to be broken into

1g) (Hithpael) to burst (themselves) open, cleave asunder

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Niphal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Niphal · imperfect third person masculine singular
HVNi3ms
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

o'-p'-n: In the Old Testament represents chiefly pathach, but also other words, as galah, "to uncover"; of the opening of the eyes in vision, etc. (thus Balaam, Nu 22:31; 24:4; compare Job 33:16; 36:10; Ps 119:18; Jer 32:11,14). In the New Testament the usual word is anoigo (of opening of mouth, eyes, heavens, doors, etc.). A peculiar word, trachelizomai (literally, to have the neck bent back, to be laid bare), is used for "laid open" before God in Heb 4:13.

Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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