Job 32:19 — Word Study
WLCהִנֵּֽה־ בִטְנִ֗י כְּיַ֥יִן לֹא־ יִפָּתֵ֑חַ כְּאֹב֥וֹת חֲ֝דָשִׁ֗ים יִבָּקֵֽעַ׃
BSABeholdhinnêh [look, take notice] my bellybeṭen [womb, inner being] is like unventedpâthach▸ [similar to, comparable with, not opened, sealed] wineyayin [fermented wine, intoxicating drink] it is about to burstbâqaʻ▸ [on the verge, ready, break open, explode] like a newchâdâsh [in the manner of, similar to, fresh, recently created] wineskinʼôwb [container for wine, bag]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| הִנֵּֽה־ | here! | Particle |
| בִטְנִ֗י | belly my | Noun common feminine singular construct, suffix |
| כְּיַ֥יִן | [is] like wine | Preposition, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| לֹא־ | [which] not | Particle |
| יִפָּתֵ֑חַ | it is opened | Verb, Niphal, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| כְּאֹב֥וֹת | like wineskins | Preposition, noun common feminine plural absolute |
| חֲ֝דָשִׁ֗ים | new | Adj |
| יִבָּקֵֽעַ׃ | it will be split open | Verb, Niphal, imperfect third person masculine singular |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Behold, my belly is like unvented wine; it is about to burst like a new wineskin. |
| KJV | Behold, my belly is as wine which hath no vent; it is ready to burst like new bottles. |
| ASV | Behold, my breast is as wine which hath no vent; Like new wine-skins it is ready to burst. |
| YLT | Lo, my breast [is] as wine not opened, Like new bottles it is broken up. |
| WEB | Behold, my breast is as wine which has no vent; like new wineskins it is ready to burst. |
| BBE | My stomach is like wine which is unable to get out; like skins full of new wine, it is almost burst. |
Where they part company is חֲדָשִׁים — see How Translations Differ.
The verse has a main clause followed by a simile that emphasizes Job's emotional state.







8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbפָּתַח
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Job 32:19
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Job's Expression of Inner Turmoilgenerated
Job 32:19 captures Job's deep emotional struggle as he compares his inner feelings to unvented wine, indicating a buildup of pressure that needs release. This moment reflects Job's intense need to express his thoughts and feelings, which he feels are about to overflow, much like wine in a sealed container. The surrounding verses provide context for Job's frustration and desire to speak out, highlighting his struggle to articulate his thoughts amidst his turmoil.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Matthew 9:17 | Neither do men pour new wine into old wineskins. If they do, the skins will burst, the wine will spill, and the wineskins will be ruined. Instead, they pour new wine into new wineskins, and both are preserved.” |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 1 reference, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — יִבָּקֵעַ, yi.ba.Ke.a'generated
The verb בָּקַע (baqa`) means 'to break open' or 'to cleave.' It suggests a powerful action of splitting or bursting, indicating a strong force at work. In this verse, it conveys Job's feeling of being on the verge of an emotional explosion, as if his pent-up feelings are about to break free.
The Niphal form indicates a passive voice, suggesting that Job feels acted upon by his overwhelming emotions. This construction emphasizes his lack of control over the situation, as he is compelled to express what he feels inside.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against. The BSB uses burst for יִבָּקֵעַ, which aligns with the sense of something breaking open.
Where others part company with the BSB they part company over the rendering of חֲדָשִׁים — new (ASV, KJV, WEB) versus fresh (ILT), indicating a subtle distinction in the freshness of the wineskin.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The verse consists of two main clauses connected by a simile. The first clause describes Job's inner state with the finite verb הִנֵּה, behold, while the second clause uses יִבָּקֵעַ, it will be split open, to express the impending release of his emotions.
The structure emphasizes Job's urgent need to express himself, with the simile comparing his feelings to the pressure in a sealed wineskin, highlighting the intensity of his inner turmoil.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
In the Septuagint, the Hebrew word יִבָּקֵעַ is rendered as ἐρρηγώς, which carries a similar meaning of breaking or bursting. This choice reflects the translators' understanding of Job's emotional state as one of imminent release.
The Greek word ἀσκὸς for יַיִן indicates a container for wine, reinforcing the imagery of pressure and containment that Job uses in his expression.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Job 32:19 illustrates Job's intense feelings by comparing his inner turmoil to unvented wine, indicating he is about to burst like a new wineskin. This metaphor shows his struggle to express what he is feeling inside, emphasizing the urgency of his emotions.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Job is expressing that he feels an overwhelming pressure inside, similar to wine that has not been released from its container, indicating a need to speak out.
Job's inner turmoil compels him to speak; he feels that holding back his emotions is unsustainable, similar to a wineskin that cannot contain its contents any longer.
The 'new wineskin' symbolizes freshness and the potential for bursting, indicating that Job's feelings are intense and newly formed, ready to be expressed.
This verse illustrates Job's struggle to articulate his thoughts and feelings amidst his suffering, highlighting the broader theme of the quest for understanding and expression in the face of adversity.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What are some ways I can express my own feelings when I feel overwhelmed, like Job?
- How do I handle situations where I feel pressure to speak out but hesitate?
- In what ways can I relate to Job's experience of feeling like I need to burst forth with my thoughts?
- How can I support others who may be struggling to express their emotions?
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Job 32:19 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleBehold, my belly [is] as wine, [which] hath no vent,.... Or, "is not opened" (a), like a bottle of wine, as Ben Gersom, which is stopped close, and the wine in it new; which is most apt to ferment,
Read John Gill on Job 32 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryBehold, my belly is as wine which hath no vent; it is ready to burst like new bottles. Belly - bosom, from which the words of orientalists, in speaking, seem to come more than with us: they speak gutturally.
Read Robert Jamieson on Job 32 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleMy belly, i.e. my mind or heart, which is oft called a man’ s belly, as . As wine; as new wine pent up close in a bottle, as the following words explain it and determine it. The wine is here put for the bottle in which it is, by a common metonymy. New bottles, i.e. bottles of new wine, by the same general figure; for otherwise old bottles are most apt to burst, .
Read Matthew Poole on Job 32 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsJob 32:19 Behold, my belly [is] as wine [which] hath no vent; it is ready to burst like new bottles.Ver. 19. Behold, my belly is as wine which hath no vent] By this elegant similitude Elihu illustrateth what he had said before; wherein (as Merlin well observeth) he compareth words shut up in the mind of him that would fain utter them to new wine, not yet throughly purged, the soul to bottles, silence to the stopple, which keeps in the wine, grief hereupon to the breaking of those bottles, speech to the opening of them, by taking away the stopple of silence. And although in this discourse Elihu may seem to lay on more words than the matter requireth, yet he doth not; for he saith no more…
Read John Trapp on Job 32 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(19) New bottles.—Or wine-skins. (Comp. Matthew 9:17.)
Read Charles John Ellicott on Job 32 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 19. My belly is as wine which hath no vent] New wine in a state of effervescence. Like new bottles.] Bottles, or rather bags, made of goat-skins. The head and shanks being cut off, the animal is cased out of the skin. The skin is then properly dressed; the anus and four shank holes properly tied up; and an aperture left at the neck or in some other place for the liquor to be poured in, and drawn out. One of these now lies before me, well tanned, and beautifully ornamented, and capable of holding many gallons. They are used, not only to carry wine and water, but for butter, and also for various dry goods. I have mentioned this in another place. When the wine is in a state of…
Read AdamClarke on Job 32 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges15–22. Turning from the three friends Elihu seems to speak in soliloquy and present to his own mind the singular situation: the three friends are discomfited before Job and reduced to silence; this should not be; therefore he will express his convictions. His breast is filled with thoughts and emotions that will not be repressed: he must speak, that he may find relief. And he will speak fearlessly and in sincerity, not regarding the person of any man.
Read Cambridge on Job 32 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleBehold, my belly is as wine which hath no vent - Margin, as in Hebrew, “is not opened” - לאיפתח lo' yipâthach.
Read Albert Barnes on Job 32 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Behold, my belly is like unvented wine; it is about to burst like a new wineskin.
Behold, my breast is as wine which has no vent; like new wineskins it is ready to burst.
Behold, my belly is like unvented wine; it is about to burst like a new wineskin.
Inside I am like wine which has no outlet, like new wineskins ready to burst!
Tyndale line
Behold, my belly is as wine which hath no vent; it is ready to burst like new bottles.
Behold, my breast is as wine which hath no vent; Like new wine-skins it is ready to burst.
Behold, my belly is as wine which hath no vent; like new bottles it is ready to burst.
Behold, my belly is as wine which hath no vent; it is ready to burst like new bottles.
Beholde, my belly is as the wine, which hath no vent, and like the new bottels that brast.
Strictly literal
Behold, my belly is as wine which hath no vent; like new flasks, it is ready to burst.
Lo, my breast [is] as wine not opened, Like new bottles it is broken up.
Behold, my breast [is] as wine not opened, || It is broken up like new bottles.
Behold, my bosom is like [fresh] wine which hath not been opened: like new bottles it is ready to burst.
See, my breast is like fermenting wine that has no vent; like new wineskins, it is ready to burst.
From the Latin
Behold, my belly is as new wine which wanteth vent, which bursteth the new vessels.
Simplified
Inside I'm like fermenting wine all bottled up; like new wineskins ready to explode!
My stomach is like wine which is unable to get out; like skins full of new wine, it is almost burst.
Word by word, the decisions they made
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in this verse, with six of the eight words matched. The Septuagint's word order and articles differ, reflecting its own syntactical structure while maintaining the core message of Job's emotional state.
הִנֵּֽה־ בִטְנִ֗י כְּיַ֥יִן לֹא־ יִפָּתֵ֑חַ כְּאֹב֥וֹת חֲ֝דָשִׁ֗ים יִבָּקֵֽעַ׃
6 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Job 32:19
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
הִנֵּה (hinneh) is a Hebrew word meaning 'behold' or 'lo!' It serves as a demonstrative particle used to draw attention, appearing in contexts such as Genesis 19:2. The word is derived from a prolongation of another Hebrew term, but the entries do not provide further details on its usage beyond this.
הִנֵּה, once הִנֶּה־ Gn 19:2, demonstr.part. lo!, behold!
base
H2009 הִנֵּה, הִנֶּה־ lo!, behold!
2009 hinneh hin-nay'
prolongation for 2005; lo!:--behold, lo, see.
see HEBREW for 02005
הִנֵּה (hin.neh) — behold.
behold, lo, see, if
Part — ParticleHTj
her, in composition:
The Hebrew word בֶּ֫טֶן (*beten*) primarily means 'belly,' 'body,' or 'womb.' It is derived from a root suggesting hollowness and encompasses various uses, including the physical abdomen and metaphorical meanings, such as the seat of hunger or mental faculties. The lexicons consistently highlight these aspects without significant disagreement.
בֶּ֫טֶן n.f. belly, body, womb
base
H990 בֶּ֫טֶן belly, body, womb
990 beten beh'-ten
from an unused root probably meaning to be hollow; the belly,
especially the womb; also the bosom or body of anything:--
belly, body, + as they be born, + within, womb.
בֶּ֫טֶן (be.ten) — belly: abdomen.
: abdomen
1) belly, womb, body
1a) belly, abdomen
1a1) as seat of hunger
1a2) as seat of mental faculties
1a3) of depth of Sheol (fig.)
1b) womb
בֶּ֫טֶן (be.ten) — belly: womb.
: womb/pregnancy
1) belly, womb, body
1a) belly, abdomen
1a1) as seat of hunger
1a2) as seat of mental faculties
1a3) of depth of Sheol (fig.)
1b) womb
בֶּ֫טֶן (be.ten) — belly: hump.
: hump
1) belly, womb, body
1a) belly, abdomen
1a1) as seat of hunger
1a2) as seat of mental faculties
1a3) of depth of Sheol (fig.)
1b) womb
בֶּ֫טֶן (be.ten) — belly: body.
: body
1) belly, womb, body
1a) belly, abdomen
1a1) as seat of hunger
1a2) as seat of mental faculties
1a3) of depth of Sheol (fig.)
1b) womb
N-fs | Suff — Noun common feminine singular construct · suffixHNcfsc/Sp1bs
יַ֫יִן (yayin) means 'wine' and is associated with fermentation and intoxication. It appears in various contexts, including banqueting. The word is derived from an unused root that suggests the idea of effervescence.
יַ֫יִן 141 n.m. wine
base
H3196 יַ֫יִן wine
3196 yayin yah'-yin
from an unused root meaning to effervesce; wine (as
fermented); by implication, intoxication:--banqueting, wine,
wine(-bibber).
יַ֫יִן (ya.yin) — wine.
wine
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absoluteHR/Ncmsa
Wine
The common Hebrew word for wine is yayin, from a root meaning “to boil up,” “to be in a ferment.” Others derive it from a root meaning “to tread out,” and hence the juice of the grape trodden out. The Greek word for wine is oinos_, and the Latin _vinun. But besides this common Hebrew word, there are several others which are thus rendered.
(1.) Ashishah (2 Sam. 6:19; 1 Chr. 16:3; Cant. 2:5; Hos. 3:1), which, however, rather denotes a solid cake of pressed grapes, or, as in the Revised Version, a cake of raisins.
(2.) ‘Asis, “sweet wine,” or “new wine,” the product of the same year (Cant. 8:2;
The manufacture of wine is carried back in the Bible to the age of Noah, (Genesis 9:20,21) to whom the discovery of the process is apparently, though not explicitly, attributed. The natural history and culture of the vine are described under a separate head. [VINE] The only other plant whose fruit is noticed as having been converted into wine was the pomegranate. (Solomon 8:2) In Palestine the vintage takes place in September, and is celebrated with great rejoicing. The ripe fruit was gathered in baskets, (Jeremiah 6:9) as represented in Egyptian paintings, and was carried to the wine-press. It was then placed in the upper one of the two vats or receptacles of which the winepress was formed, and was subjected to the process of "treading," which has prevailed in all ages in Oriental…
The vine being natural to the soil of Canaan and its vicinity, wine was much used as a beverage, especially at festivals, Es 1:7 5:6 Da 5:1-4 Joh 2:3. As one of the staple products of the Holy Land, it was employed for drink-offerings in the temple service, Ex 20:26 Nu 15:4-10; it was included among the "first-fruits," De 18:4, and was used in the celebration of the Passover, and subsequently of the Lord’s supper, Mt 26:27-29. Together with corn and oil it denoted all temporal supplies,
לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'
לֹא or לוֹא adv. not
base
H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not
3808 lo' lo
or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often
used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,
ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,
no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out
of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +
of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.
לֹא (lo) — not.
1) not, no
1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)
1b) not (with modifier-negation)
1c) nothing (subst)
1d) without (with particle)
1e) before (of time)
Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
HTn — ParticleHTn
פָּתַח (pathach) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to open' and can refer to various actions such as opening doors, loosening restraints, or engraving. It has different forms, including Qal (to open), Niphal (to be opened), and Piel (to engrave). The entries highlight its literal and figurative uses, but there is some overlap in meaning regarding its applications in opening and engraving.
פָּתַח vb. open
Qal open sack
Niph. be opened
Pi. be opened
free, i.e. ungird, camels
loosen (and remove) sack-cloth
open gates, doors
Hithp. loosen thee the fetters of thy neck
base
[פָּתַח] vb. Pi. engrave
Pu. stones engraved with the engravings of a signet.
base
H6605a פָּתַח open .open sack
. be opened
. be opened . free, i.e. ungird, camels
. loosen (and remove) sack-cloth
. open gates, doors
. loosen thee the fetters of thy neck
H6605b פָּתַח Pi. engrave
6605 pathach paw-thakh'
a primitive root; to open wide (literally or figuratively);
specifically, to loosen, begin, plough, carve:--appear, break
forth, draw (out), let go free, (en-)grave(-n), loose (self),
(be, be set) open(-ing), put off, ungird, unstop, have vent.
פָּתַח (pa.tach) — to open.
1) to open
1a) (Qal) to open
1b) (Niphal) to be opened, be let loose, be thrown open
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to free
1c2) to loosen
1c3) to open, open oneself
1d) (Hithpael) to loose oneself
Aramaic equivalent: pe.tach (פְּתַח "to open" H6606)
פָּתַח (pa.tach) — to engrave.
1) to carve, engrave
1a) (Piel) to engrave
1b) (Pual) to be engraved
V-Niphal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Niphal · imperfect third person masculine singularHVNi3ms
אוֹב (owb) refers to a skin-bottle and is also associated with necromancy and spirits of the dead. The term is built from the idea of a hollow sound, linking it to both a physical object and a practice involving communication with the dead. The entries highlight its meanings as a water skin, a necromancer, and a familiar spirit.
אוֹב n.m. skin-bottle, necromancer, etc.
skin-bottle
necromancer
ghost
necromancy
base
H178 אוֹב skin-bottle, necromancer, etc. . skin-bottle
. necromancer
. ghost
. necromancy
178 'owb obe
from the same as 1 (apparently through the idea of prattling
a father's name); properly, a mumble, i.e. a water skin (from
its hollow sound); hence a necromancer (ventriloquist, as from
a jar):--bottle, familiar spirit.
see HEBREW for 01
אוֹב (ov) — medium.
1) water skin bottle
2) necromancer
1b) necromancer, one who evokes the dead
1c) ghost, spirit of a dead one
1d) practice of necromancy
3) one that has a familiar spirit
Prep | N-mp — Preposition · noun common feminine plural absoluteHR/Ncfpa
חָדָשׁ (chadash) means 'new' or 'fresh.' It is derived from the root word represented by Strong's H2318. The entries indicate that it covers meanings related to novelty and freshness, with an Aramaic equivalent noted as חֲדַ֑ת (cha.dat).
H2319 חָדָשׁ new
2319 chadash khaw-dawsh'
from 2318; new:--fresh, new thing.
see HEBREW for 02318
חָדָשׁ (cha.dash) — New (Gate).
§ new, new thing, fresh
חָדָשׁ (cha.dash) — new.
new, new thing, fresh
Aramaic equivalent: cha.dat (חֲדַ֑ת "new" H2323)
Adj — AdjHAampa
בָּקַע (baqa`) is a Hebrew verb meaning to cleave or break open. It encompasses a range of actions, including splitting, tearing, and breaking through, with various grammatical forms indicating different nuances, such as being cleft or bursting open. The entries highlight its use in contexts like breaking into or through something, but do not provide specific verse references.
בָּקַע vb. cleave, break open or through
Qal
cleave, cleave open
break through or into
Niph.
be cleft, rent open
be broken into
Pi. cleave, cut to pieces, or rend open
Pu. be ripped open
Hiph. break into
Hoph. the city was broken into
Hithp. burst (themselves) open, of wine-skins; cleave asunder, of valleys
base
H1234 בָּקַע cleave, break open or through
1234 baqa` baw-kah'
a primitive root; to cleave; generally, to rend, break, rip
or open:--make a breach, break forth (into, out, in pieces,
through, up), be ready to burst, cleave (asunder), cut out,
divide, hatch, rend (asunder), rip up, tear, win.
בָּקַע (ba.qa) — to break up/open.
1) to split, cleave, break open, divide, break through, rip up, break up, tear
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to cleave, cleave open
1a2) to break through, break into
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be cleft, be rent open, be split open
1b2) to be broken into
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to cleave, cut to pieces, rend open
1c2) to break through, break down
1d) (Pual)
1d1) to be ripped open, be torn open
1d2) to be rent
1d3) to be broken into
1e) (Hiphil)
1e1) to break into
1e2) to break through
1f) (Hophal) to be broken into
1g) (Hithpael) to burst (themselves) open, cleave asunder
V-Niphal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Niphal · imperfect third person masculine singularHVNi3ms
o'-p'-n: In the Old Testament represents chiefly pathach, but also other words, as galah, "to uncover"; of the opening of the eyes in vision, etc. (thus Balaam, Nu 22:31; 24:4; compare Job 33:16; 36:10; Ps 119:18; Jer 32:11,14). In the New Testament the usual word is anoigo (of opening of mouth, eyes, heavens, doors, etc.). A peculiar word, trachelizomai (literally, to have the neck bent back, to be laid bare), is used for "laid open" before God in Heb 4:13.
