Numbers 15:4 — Word Study
WLCוְהִקְרִ֛יב הַמַּקְרִ֥יב קָרְבָּנ֖וֹ לַֽיהוָ֑ה מִנְחָה֙ סֹ֣לֶת עִשָּׂר֔וֹן בָּל֕וּל בִּרְבִעִ֥ית הַהִ֖ין שָֽׁמֶן׃
BSAthen the one presentingqârab [approaching, coming near] his offeringqorbân [sacrifice, gift] to the LORDYᵉhôvâh [Yehovah, the Lord God] shall also presentqârab a grain offeringminchâh [meal offering, gift of fine flour] of a tenth of an ephahʻissârôwn [tithe, one tenth part] of fine flourçôleth [best meal, wheat flour] mixedbâlal [anointed, combined] with a quarterrᵉbîyʻîy [fourth part] hinhîyn [unit of liquid measure, about 5 quarts] of olive oilshemen [ointment]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְהִקְרִ֛יב | and he will bring near | Verb, Hiphil, sequential perfect third person masculine singular |
| הַמַּקְרִ֥יב | the [one who] brings near | Particle, verb hiphil participle (active) masculine singular |
| קָרְבָּנ֖וֹ | offering his | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| לַֽיהוָ֑ה | to Yahweh | Preposition, noun proper |
| מִנְחָה֙ | a grain offering | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
| סֹ֣לֶת | fine flour | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
| עִשָּׂר֔וֹן | one tenth [of an ephah] | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| בָּל֕וּל | mixed | Verb, Qal, participle (passive) masculine singular |
| בִּרְבִעִ֥ית | with [the] fourth of | Preposition |
| הַהִ֖ין | hin | Particle, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| שָֽׁמֶן׃ | oil | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | then the one presenting his offering to the LORD shall also present a grain offering of a tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed with a quarter hin of olive oil. |
| KJV | Then shall he that offereth his offering unto the LORD bring a meat offering of a tenth deal of flour mingled with the fourth part of an hin of oil. |
| ASV | then shall he that offereth his oblation offer unto Jehovah a meal-offering of a tenth part of an ephah of fine flour mingled with the fourth part of a hin of oil: |
| YLT | 'And he who is bringing near his offering to Jehovah hath brought near a present of flour, a tenth deal, mixed with a fourth of the hin of oil; |
| WEB | then he who offers his offering shall offer to Yahweh a meal offering of one tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed with one fourth of a hin of oil. |
| BBE | Then let him who is making his offering, give to the Lord a meal offering of a tenth part of a measure of the best meal mixed with a fourth part of a hin of oil: |
Where they part company is מִנְחָה — see How Translations Differ.
The main clause introduces the act of presenting an offering, followed by detailed specifications of what that offering includes.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbקָרַב
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Numbers 15:4
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Instructions for Offeringsgenerated
Numbers 15:4 provides detailed instructions on how the Israelites are to present their offerings to the LORD. This verse emphasizes the importance of accompanying the main offering with a grain offering, specifying the amounts and ingredients required. Such offerings were integral to the worship practices of the Israelites, reflecting their devotion and obedience to God.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Exodus 29:40 | With the first lamb offer a tenth of an ephah of fine flour, mixed with a quarter hin of oil from pressed olives, and a drink offering of a quarter hin of wine. |
| 2 | Leviticus 2:1 | “When anyone brings a grain offering to the LORD, his offering must consist of fine flour. He is to pour olive oil on it, put frankincense on it, |
| 3 | Leviticus 6:14 | Now this is the law of the grain offering: Aaron’s sons shall present it before the LORD in front of the altar. |
| 4 | Leviticus 7:9–10 | Likewise, every grain offering that is baked in an oven or cooked in a pan or on a griddle belongs to the priest who presents it, |
| 5 | Leviticus 23:13 | along with its grain offering of two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil—an offering made by fire to the LORD, a pleasing aroma—and its drink offering of a quarter hin of wine. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 16 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — קָרְבָּן, qorbangenerated
The term קָרְבָּן (qorban) refers to an offering or sacrifice, specifically something brought near to the altar. It is derived from a root meaning to bring near, indicating a sense of closeness and dedication in the act of offering.
In this verse, it highlights the act of presenting an offering to God, which is central to the worship practices outlined in the Torah. The use of this word underscores the importance of the offering as a means of approaching God.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb is הִקְרִ֛יב, he will bring near, which governs the entire verse. The structure includes a subject noun phrase, the offering, and multiple object noun phrases detailing the components of the offering.
The Hebrew word order places emphasis on the act of bringing the offering, followed by the specifications of the grain offering and the olive oil, showing the importance of each component in the sacrificial process.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
In the Septuagint, the Hebrew קָרְבָּן is rendered as προσφέρων, which conveys the idea of bringing or offering. This choice reflects a focus on the act of presentation, aligning with the Hebrew meaning.
The translation choice indicates a continuity of meaning from Hebrew to Greek, emphasizing the significance of the act of offering in both traditions.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Numbers 15:4 tells us that when someone brings an offering to the LORD, they must also present a grain offering made of fine flour mixed with olive oil. This shows the detailed requirements for offerings in the Israelite worship system.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The grain offering represents a gift to God, often accompanying other sacrifices, and signifies the worshipper's gratitude and devotion.
Olive oil was a valuable commodity in ancient Israel, symbolizing richness and was often used in offerings to enhance their value.
A hin is a unit of liquid measure, approximately 5 quarts, used in the context of measuring ingredients for offerings.
These offerings demonstrate the Israelites' obedience to God's commands and their desire to maintain a close relationship with Him through acts of worship.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What does it mean to you to present something to God as an offering?
- How can you incorporate acts of gratitude in your daily life, similar to the grain offering?
- What significance do you find in the specific measurements and ingredients for offerings?
- How does understanding the context of these offerings enhance your view of worship?
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Numbers 15:4 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleThen shall he that offereth his offering unto the Lord,.... Be it of either kind before mentioned: bring a meat offering of a tenth deal of flour, mingled with the fourth [part] of an hin of oil;
Read John Gill on Numbers 15 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryThen shall he that offereth his offering unto the LORD bring a meat offering of a tenth deal of flour mingled with the fourth part of an hin of oil. Tenth deal - i:e., an omer, the tenth part of an ephah (Exodus 16:36).
Read Robert Jamieson on Numbers 15 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleA tenth deal, or tenth part, to wit, of an ephah, i.e. an omer, . Mingled with oil; wherein it seems to differ from such meat-offerings as were solitary, and not accessories to other sacrifices.
Read Matthew Poole on Numbers 15 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsNumbers 15:4 Then shall he that offereth his offering unto the LORD bring a meat offering of a tenth deal of flour mingled with the fourth [part] of an hin of oil.Ver. 4. Bring a meat offering.] As an appendix to the other sacrifices. These following laws were given likely during their so long station at Kadesh. Abulens.
Read John Trapp on Numbers 15 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(4) A meat offering of a tenth deal of flour . . . —The meal offering and the drink offering which are here ordered to be brought when a lamb was offered in performance of a vow, or as a free will offering, or at the solemn feasts, are the same as those which were appointed to be offered with the morning and evening lamb. (Exodus 29:38-40.) Meal offerings and drink offerings had already been prescribed in connection with the three great feasts. (Leviticus 23:13; Leviticus 23:18; Leviticus 23:37.)
Read Charles John Ellicott on Numbers 15 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges1–16. Meal-offerings and Libations. These are to accompany both private and public sacrifices, and are arranged according to a fixed scale as follows (ephah = c. 1 bushel; hin = c. 1½ gallon): Meal.Oil.Wine.With every lamb1/10 ephah.¼ hin.¼ hin.With every ram2/10 ephah⅓ ? hin.⅓ ? hin.With every bullock3/10 ephah.½ hin.½ hin.It will be seen that the amount in each case varies according to the size of the animal. Ezekiel, in his ideal arrangements for worship in the restored Jerusalem, has a similar scale (Ezekiel 46:5-7; Ezekiel 46:11; Ezekiel 46:14), but the amounts are larger, they are not graduated so carefully with respect to the size of the animal, and the libation of wine is not…
Read Cambridge on Numbers 15 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleThe meat-offering is treated in Lev. 2. The drink-offering Exodus 29:40; Leviticus 23:13, hitherto an ordinary accessory to the former, is now prescribed forevery sacrifice.
Read Albert Barnes on Numbers 15 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible4. Meat offering — Rather, bread offering. See Leviticus 2:1, note. A tenth deal — See Leviticus 23:13, note. Hin of oil — See Leviticus 19:36; Leviticus 23:13, notes. Oil is a symbol of the Holy Spirit.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Numbers 15 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
then the one presenting his offering to the LORD shall also present a grain offering of a tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed with a quarter hin of olive oil.
then he who offers his offering shall offer to Yahweh a meal offering of one tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed with one fourth of a hin of oil.
then the one presenting his offering to the LORD shall also present a grain offering of a tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed with a quarter hin of olive oil.
then the one who presents his offering to the Lord must bring a grain offering of one-tenth of an ephah of finely ground flour mixed with one fourth of a hin of olive oil.
Tyndale line
Then shall he that offereth his offering unto the LORD bring a meat offering of a tenth deal of flour mingled with the fourth part of an hin of oil.
then shall he that offereth his oblation offer unto Jehovah a meal-offering of a tenth part of an ephah of fine flour mingled with the fourth part of a hin of oil:
then shall he that offereth his oblation offer unto the LORD a meal offering of a tenth part of an ephah of fine flour mingled with the fourth part of an hin of oil:
Then shall he that offereth his offering to the LORD bring a meat-offering of a tenth part of flour mingled with the fourth part of a hin of oil.
Then let him that offreth his offring vnto the Lord, bring a meate offring of a tenth deale of fine flowre, mingled with the fourth part of an Hin of oyle.
Strictly literal
then shall he that presenteth his offering to Jehovah bring as oblation a tenth part of fine flour mingled with a fourth part of a hin of oil;
'And he who is bringing near his offering to Jehovah hath brought near a present of flour, a tenth deal, mixed with a fourth of the hin of oil;
And he who is bringing his offering near to YHWH has brought a present near of a tenth part of flour mixed with a fourth of the hin of oil;
Then shall he that bringeth his offering unto the Lord, bring as a meat-offering a tenth part of fine flour mingled with the fourth of a hin of oil.
You must offer to Yahweh a burnt offering as well as a grain offering of a tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed with one-fourth of a hin of oil.
From the Latin
Whosoever immolateth the victim, shall offer a sacrifice of fine flour, the tenth part of an ephi, tempered with the fourth part of a hin of oil:
Simplified
then you shall also present a grain offering of one tenth of an ephah of the best flour mixed with a quarter hin of olive oil.
Then let him who is making his offering, give to the Lord a meal offering of a tenth part of a measure of the best meal mixed with a fourth part of a hin of oil:
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text is supported by the Septuagint, which matches all 11 words. The Samaritan Pentateuch differs by including the word את (
וְהִקְרִ֛יב הַמַּקְרִ֥יב קָרְבָּנ֖וֹ לַֽיהוָ֑ה מִנְחָה֙ סֹ֣לֶת עִשָּׂר֔וֹן בָּל֕וּל בִּרְבִעִ֥ית הַהִ֖ין שָֽׁמֶן׃
11 of the 11 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
והקריב המקריב את קרבנו ליהוה מנחה סלת עשׂרון בלול ברבעית ההין שׁמן
1 word differs from the Masoretic Text: את (
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Numbers 15:4
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
קָרַב (qarab) is a Hebrew verb meaning to approach or come near, with various nuances including bringing or presenting something. It encompasses different forms such as Qal (to approach), Niphal (to be brought near), and Hiphil (to bring near). The term is often associated with offerings or dedications to God, particularly in the context of the book of Ezekiel.
[קָרֵב], קָרַב 279 vb. come near, approach
Qal 93 approach
Niph. he shall be brought unto God
Pi. cause to approach, bring near
Hiph.
177
bring near, bring, present
of time
as term techn. (c. 158 t.), chiefly Ez HP, bring near, of presenting, dedicating, or offering to י׳
base
H7126 קָרֵב, קָרַב come near, approach .approach
. he shall be brought unto God
. cause to approach, bring near
. . . bring near, bring, present
. of time
. as term techn. (c. 158 t.), chiefly Ez HP, bring near, of presenting, dedicating, or offering to י׳
7126 qarab kaw-rab'
a primitive root; to approach (causatively, bring near) for
whatever purpose:--(cause to) approach, (cause to) bring
(forth, near), (cause to) come (near, nigh), (cause to) draw
near (nigh), go (near), be at hand, join, be near, offer,
present, produce, make ready, stand, take.
קָרַב (qa.rav) — to present: come.
: come/approach
1) to come near, approach, enter into, draw near
1a) (Qal) to approach, draw near
1b) (Niphal) to be brought near
1c) (Piel) to cause to approach, bring near, cause to draw near
1d) (Hiphil) to bring near, bring, present
קָרַב (qa.rav) — to present: bring.
: bring/offer
1) to come near, approach, enter into, draw near
1a) (Qal) to approach, draw near
1b) (Niphal) to be brought near
1c) (Piel) to cause to approach, bring near, cause to draw near
1d) (Hiphil) to bring near, bring, present
Conj | V-Hiphil-3ms — Verb · Hiphil · sequential perfect third person masculine singularHc/Vhq3ms
קָרַב (qarab) is a Hebrew verb meaning to approach or come near, with various nuances including bringing or presenting something. It encompasses different forms such as Qal (to approach), Niphal (to be brought near), and Hiphil (to bring near). The term is often associated with offerings or dedications to God, particularly in the context of the book of Ezekiel.
[קָרֵב], קָרַב 279 vb. come near, approach
Qal 93 approach
Niph. he shall be brought unto God
Pi. cause to approach, bring near
Hiph.
177
bring near, bring, present
of time
as term techn. (c. 158 t.), chiefly Ez HP, bring near, of presenting, dedicating, or offering to י׳
base
H7126 קָרֵב, קָרַב come near, approach .approach
. he shall be brought unto God
. cause to approach, bring near
. . . bring near, bring, present
. of time
. as term techn. (c. 158 t.), chiefly Ez HP, bring near, of presenting, dedicating, or offering to י׳
7126 qarab kaw-rab'
a primitive root; to approach (causatively, bring near) for
whatever purpose:--(cause to) approach, (cause to) bring
(forth, near), (cause to) come (near, nigh), (cause to) draw
near (nigh), go (near), be at hand, join, be near, offer,
present, produce, make ready, stand, take.
קָרַב (qa.rav) — to present: come.
: come/approach
1) to come near, approach, enter into, draw near
1a) (Qal) to approach, draw near
1b) (Niphal) to be brought near
1c) (Piel) to cause to approach, bring near, cause to draw near
1d) (Hiphil) to bring near, bring, present
קָרַב (qa.rav) — to present: bring.
: bring/offer
1) to come near, approach, enter into, draw near
1a) (Qal) to approach, draw near
1b) (Niphal) to be brought near
1c) (Piel) to cause to approach, bring near, cause to draw near
1d) (Hiphil) to bring near, bring, present
Art | V-Hiphil — Particle · verb hiphil participle (active) masculine singularHTd/Vhrmsa
קָרְבָּן (qorban) refers to an offering or oblation, specifically something brought near the altar as a sacrificial present. The term has two spellings: קָרְבָּן and קֻרְבָּן, both meaning 'offering.' The word is derived from a root meaning to bring near.
קָרְבָּן 80 n.m. offering, oblation
base
[קֻרְבָּן] n.[m.] offering
base
H7133a קָרְבָּן offering, oblation H7133b קֻרְבָּן offering
7133 qorban kor-bawn'
or qurban {koor-bawn'}; from 7126; something brought near the
altar, i.e. a sacrificial present:--oblation, that is
offered, offering.
see HEBREW for 07126
קׇרְבָּן (qor.ban) — offering.
offering, oblation
Also means: qur.ban (קֻרְבָּן "offering" H7133B)
קֻרְבָּן (qur.ban) — offering.
offering
Another spelling of qor.ban (קׇרְבָּן "offering" H7133A)
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp3ms
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) is the proper name of the God of Israel, often rendered as Jehovah or the Lord. It signifies the self-existent or eternal nature of God. The name is closely associated with the revelation to Moses in Exodus 3:12-15 and is used in conjunction with other terms to denote sacred places. Some scholars suggest it derives from a root meaning 'to bring into being.'
יהוה c. 6823 i.e. יַהְוֶה n.pr.dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel—(1. MT יְהֹוָה 6518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהֹוִה 305 (Qr אֱלֹהִים) 2. Many recent scholars explain יַהְוֶה as Hiph. of הוה (= היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver)
יהוה is not used by E in Gn, but is given Ex 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb
יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D
the phrase † אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy
יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh
base
H3068 יהוה i.e. יַהְוֶה n. pr. dei Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel
3068 Yhovah yeh-ho-vaw'
from 1961; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish
national name of God:--Jehovah, the Lord. Compare 3050, 3069.
see HEBREW for 01961
see HEBREW for 03050
see HEBREW for 03069
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — LORD.
Jehovah = "the existing One"
1) the proper name of the one true God
1a) unpronounced except with the vowel pointings of a.do.na (אֲדֹנָי "Lord" H0136)
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — The Lord.
Another name of ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
יְהֹוָה (ye.ho.vah) — (Jerusalem of) the Lord.
Combined with ye.ru.sha.laim (יְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵם "Jerusalem" H3389)
Prep | N-proper — Preposition · noun properHR/Npt
מִנְחָה (minchah) refers to a gift or offering, particularly in a religious context. It encompasses a range of meanings including tribute, voluntary offerings, and specifically bloodless sacrifices, often grain offerings. The term is derived from a root meaning to apportion or bestow, indicating a donation or present, especially to God.
מִנְחָה 153 n.f. gift, tribute, offering
gift, present
tribute
offering made to God, of any kind, whether grain or animals
grain offering
grain-offering, always with this meaning in P
vbs. of offering are
base
H4503 מִנְחָה gift, tribute, offering
4503 minchah min-khaw'
from an unused root meaning to apportion, i.e. bestow; a
donation; euphemistically, tribute; specifically a sacrificial
offering (usually bloodless and voluntary):--gift, oblation,
(meat) offering, present, sacrifice.
מִנְחָה (min.chah) — offering.
: offering/sacrifice
1) gift, tribute, offering, present, oblation, sacrifice, meat offering
1a) gift, present
1b) tribute
1c) offering (to God)
1d) grain offering
מִנְחָה (min.chah) — offering: gift.
: gift
1) gift, tribute, offering, present, oblation, sacrifice, meat offering
1a) gift, present
1b) tribute
1c) offering (to God)
1d) grain offering
מִנְחָה (min.chah) — offering: tribute.
: tribute
1) gift, tribute, offering, present, oblation, sacrifice, meat offering
1a) gift, present
1b) tribute
1c) offering (to God)
1d) grain offering
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
Offering
An oblation, dedicated to God. Thus Cain consecrated to God of the first-fruits of the earth, and Abel of the firstlings of the flock (Gen. 4:3, 4). Under the Levitical system different kinds of offerings are specified, and laws laid down as to their presentation. These are described under their distinctive names.
In the Hebrew, an offering, minchah, is distinguished from a sacrifice, zebah, as being bloodless. In our version, however, the word offering is often used for a sacrifice, as in the case of peace offerings, sin offerings, etc. Of the proper offerings, that is, the unbloody offerings, some accompanied the sacrifices, as flour, wine, salt; others were not connected with any sacrifices. Like the sacrifices, some, as the first fruits and tenths, were obligatory; other were voluntary offerings of devotion. Various sorts of offerings are enumerated in the books of Moses. Among these are,
1. Fine flour, or meal;
2. Cakes baked in an oven;
3. Cakes baked on a plate or shallow pan;
4. Cakes cooked in deep vessel by frying in oil, (English version, "frying pan," though some understand here a gridiron or a plate with holes;)
סֹ֫לֶת (solet) refers to fine flour, derived from a root meaning to strip, suggesting a process of refinement. The term is consistently defined across entries, emphasizing its use in contexts related to meal or flour in the Old Testament.
סֹ֫לֶת 53 n.f. fine flour
base
H5560 סֹ֫לֶת fine flour
5560 coleth so'-leth
from an unused root meaning to strip; flour (as chipped
off):--(fine) flour, meal.
סֹ֫לֶת (so.let) — fine flour.
fine flour
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
flour.
See BREAD; FOOD.
Flour
Grain reduced to the form of meal is spoken of in the time of Abraham (Gen. 18:6). As baking was a daily necessity, grain was also ground daily at the mills (Jer. 25:10). The flour mingled with water was kneaded in kneading-troughs, and sometimes leaven (Ex. 12:34) was added and sometimes omitted (Gen. 19:3). The dough was then formed into thin cakes nine or ten inches in diameter and baked in the oven.
Fine flour was offered by the poor as a sin-offering (Lev. 5:11-13), and also in connection with other sacrifices (Num. 15:3-12; 28:7-29).
[BREAD]
→ See BARLEY
→ See BREAD
→ See OFFERING
→ See WHEAT
עִשָּׂרוֹן (issarown) refers to a fractional measure, specifically a tenth part or tithe. It is derived from the root meaning to divide, and is used in contexts such as Leviticus 14:10, where it denotes a tenth of an ephah. The entries consistently emphasize its meaning related to a tenth.
H6241 עִשָּׂרוֹן
6241 `issarown is-saw-rone'
or oissaron {is-saw-rone'}; from 6235; (fractional) a tenth
part:--tenth deal.
see HEBREW for 06235
עִשָּׂרוֹן (is.sa.ron) — tenth.
tenth part, tithe
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
Ephah
Gloom. (1.) One of the five sons of Midian, and grandson of Abraham (Gen. 25:4). The city of Ephah, to which he gave his name, is mentioned Isa. 60:6, 7. This city, with its surrounding territory, formed part of Midian, on the east shore of the Dead Sea. It abounded in dromedaries and camels (Judg. 6:5).
(2.) 1 Chr. 2:46, a concubine of Caleb.
(3.) 1 Chr. 2:47, a descendant of Judah.
Ephah, a word of Egyptian origin, meaning measure; a grain measure containing “three seahs or ten omers,” and equivalent to the bath for liquids (Ex. 16:36;
[WEIGHTS AND MEASURES AND MEASURES]
1. A measure of capacity used among the Hebrews, containing three pecks and three pints. The Ephah was a dry measure, as of barley, Ru 2:17; and meal, Nu 5:15 Jud 6:19; and was of the same capacity with the bath in liquids. See BATH, or Ephah.
2. The son of Midian, and grandson of Abraham, Ge 25:4, who settled and gave his name to a region in Arabia supposed to have been near Midian, Isa 60:6.
weary; tired
בָּלַל (balal) is a Hebrew verb meaning to mix, mingle, or confuse. It can also refer to feeding animals, derived from a primitive root that implies overflowing, particularly with oil. The word appears in various forms, including Qal, Hithpoel, and Hiphil, covering actions like mingling among people or fading away. Notably, it is linked to the concept of providing fodder.
בָּלַל vb. mingle, mix, confuse, confound
Qal
mingle, confuse
mix
Hithpo. Ephraim, among the peoples doth he mix himself
Hiph. and we faded away
base
בָּלַל vb. denom. to give provender Ju 19:21
ref
H1101a בָּלַל mingle, mix, confuse, confound . mingle, confuse
. mix
H1101b בָּלַל vb. denom. to give provender
1101 balal baw-lal'
a primitive root; to overflow (specifically with oil.); by
implication, to mix; also (denominatively from 1098) to
fodder:--anoint, confound, X fade, mingle, mix (self), give
provender, temper.
see HEBREW for 01098
בָּלַל (ba.lal) — to mix.
1) to mix, mingle, confuse, confound
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to mingle, confuse
1a2) to mix
1b) (Hithpoel) to mix oneself (among others)
1c) (Hiphil) to fade away
בָּלַל (ba.lal) — to feed.
to give provender, feed (animals)
V-Qal-Inf-c — Verb · Qal · participle (passive) masculine singularHVqsmsa
רְבִיעִי (rbiy`iy) means 'fourth' and can also refer to a 'fourth part' or describe something as 'foursquare.' It is derived from the root word for 'four' and has both masculine and feminine forms. The term appears in contexts where ordinal numbers are used.
רְבִיעִי m., רְבִיעִית f., adj.num.ordin. fourth
base
H7243 רְבִיעִי, רְבִיעִית fourth
7243 rbiy`iy reb-ee-ee'
or rbiiy {reb-ee-ee'}; from 7251; fourth; also
(fractionally) a fourth:--foursquare, fourth (part).
see HEBREW for 07251
רְבִיעִי (re.vi.i) — fourth.
1) fourth
1a) fourth
1b) four square
1c) fourth part
Aramaic equivalent: re.vi.ay (רְבִיעִי "fourth" H7244)
Prep | Adj — PrepositionHR/Aofsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
הִין (hiyn) refers to a unit of liquid measurement, specifically a hin, which is approximately 5 quarts or 6 liters. It can also denote a vessel that holds this amount. The term appears in Leviticus 19:36.
הִין n.m. Lv 19:36 hin, a liquid measure (𝔊 εἴν)
a measure
vessel with capacity if hin
base
H1969 הִין
1969 hiyn heen
probably of Egyptian origin; a hin or liquid measure:--hin.
הִין (hin) — hin.
1) hin
1a) a unit of measure, about 5 quarts (6 l)
1b) a vessel holding a hin of liquid
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ncmsa
hin (hin): A liquid measure containing 12 logs, equal to about 8 quarts.
See WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
[WEIGHTS AND MEASURES AND MEASURES]
שֶׁ֫מֶן (shemen) refers to fat or oil, particularly olive oil, and includes meanings related to richness and anointing. It is derived from the root word for grease and can also metaphorically describe fertile land. The entries consistently highlight its use in contexts like medicinal applications and anointing.
שֶׁ֫מֶן 192 n.m. fat, oil
base
H8081 שֶׁ֫מֶן fat, oil
8081 shemen sheh'-men
from 8080; grease, especially liquid (as from the olive,
often perfumed); figuratively, richness:--anointing, X fat
(things), X fruitful, oil((-ed)), ointment, olive, + pine.
see HEBREW for 08080
שֶׁ֫מֶן (she.men) — oil.
1) fat, oil
1a) fat, fatness
1b) oil, olive oil
1b1) as staple, medicament or unguent
1b2) for anointing
1c) fat (of fruitful land, valleys) (metaph)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
oil (shemen; elaion):
1. Terms
2. Production and Storage
3. Uses
(1) As a Commodity of Exchange
(2) As a Cosmetic
(3) As a Medicine
(4) As a Food
(5) As an Illuminant
(6) In Religious Rites
(a) Consecration
(b) Offerings
(c) Burials
4. Figurative Uses
Shemen, literally, "fat," corresponds to the common Arabic senin of similar meaning, although now applied to boiled butter fat.
1. Terms:
Another Hebrew word, zayith (zeth), "olive," occurs with shemen in several passages (Ex 27:20; 30:24; Le 24:2). The corresponding Arabic zeit, a contraction of zeitun, which is the name for the olive tree as well as the fruit, is now applied to oils in general, to distinguish them from solid fats. Zeit usually means olive oil, unless some qualifying name indicates another oil. A corresponding use was made of…
Oil
Only olive oil seems to have been used among the Hebrews. It was used for many purposes: for anointing the body or the hair (Ex. 29:7; 2 Sam. 14:2; Ps. 23:5; 92:10; 104:15; Luke 7:46); in some of the offerings (Ex. 29:40; Lev. 7:12; Num. 6:15; 15:4), but was excluded from the sin-offering (Lev. 5:11) and the jealousy-offering (Num. 5:15); for burning in lamps (
Of the numerous substances, animal and vegetable, which were known to the ancients as yielding oil, the olive berry is the one of which most frequent mention is made in the Scriptures. Gathering , --The olive berry was either gathered by hand or shaken off carefully with a light reed or stick. Pressing . --In order to make oil the fruit, was either bruised in a mortar crushed in a press loaded with wood or stones, ground in a mill, or trodden with the feet. The "beaten" oil of (Exodus 27:20; 29:40; Leviticus 24:2; Numbers 28:6) was probably made by bruising in a mortar, It was used-- (1) As food. Dried wheat, boiled with either butter or oil, but generally the former, is a common dish for all classes in Syria. (
Was employed from the earliest periods in the east, not only for the purpose of consecration, but to anoint the head, the beard, and the whole person in daily life, Ge 28:18. See ANOINTING. It was also universally used for food, Eze 16:13. Fresh and sweet olive oil was greatly preferred to butter and animal fat as a seasoning for food, and to this day in Syria almost every kind of food is cooked with oil. It had a place also among the meat-offerings in the temple, being usually mixed with the meal of the oblation, Le 5:11 6:21. For lamps, also, pure olive oil was regarded as the best, and was used in illuminating the tabernacle. These many uses for oil made the culture of the olive-tree an extensive and lucrative business,