Joshua 16:2 — Word Study
WLCוְיָצָ֥א מִבֵּֽית־ אֵ֖ל ל֑וּזָה וְעָבַ֛ר אֶל־ גְּב֥וּל הָאַרְכִּ֖י עֲטָרֽוֹת׃
BSAIt went onyâtsâʼ fromBêyth-ʼÊl BethelBêyth-ʼÊl [the house of God, or Luz] ([that is,] LuzLûwz and proceededʻâbar [passed along, or crossed over] toʼêl the bordergᵉbûwl [boundary, or limit] of the ArchitesʼArkîy [the people of Erek, or an Archite] in AtarothʻĂṭârôwth [a place of crowns]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְיָצָ֥א | and it goes out | Verb, Qal, sequential perfect third person masculine singular |
| מִבֵּֽית־ | from Beth- | Preposition, noun proper |
| אֵ֖ל | -el | Noun proper |
| ל֑וּזָה | Luz towards | Noun proper, suffix |
| וְעָבַ֛ר | and it passes on | Verb, Qal, sequential perfect third person masculine singular |
| אֶל־ | to | Preposition |
| גְּב֥וּל | [the] border of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| הָאַרְכִּ֖י | the Arkite[s] | Particle, noun gentilic masculine singular absolute |
| עֲטָרֽוֹת׃ | Ataroth | Noun proper |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | It went on from Bethel (that is, Luz) and proceeded to the border of the Archites in Ataroth. |
| KJV | And goeth out from Beth-el to Luz, and passeth along unto the borders of Archi to Ataroth, |
| ASV | and it went out from Beth-el to Luz, and passed along unto the border of the Archites to Ataroth; |
| YLT | and hath gone out from Beth-El to Luz, and passed over unto the border of Archi [to] Ataroth, |
| WEB | It went out from Bethel to Luz, and passed along to the border of the Archites to Ataroth; |
| BBE | And it goes out from Beth-el to Luz, and on as far as the limit of the Archites to Ataroth; |
Translations agree on the key actions described in the verse.
The main clause leads with the action of going out, followed by details of the starting point and destination.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbיָצָא
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Joshua 16:2
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Allotment for Joseph's Descendantsgenerated
Joshua 16:2 describes the path taken by the descendants of Joseph as they establish their territory. Starting from Bethel, also known as Luz, they proceed towards the border of the Archites in Ataroth. This journey is part of the broader narrative of land allocation in the book of Joshua, which emphasizes the importance of boundaries and locations for the tribes of Israel.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Joshua 18:13 | From there the border crossed over to the southern slope of Luz (that is, Bethel) and went down to Ataroth-addar on the hill south of Lower Beth-horon. |
| 2 | Genesis 28:19 | and he called that place Bethel, though previously the city had been named Luz. |
| 3 | Judges 1:22–26 | The house of Joseph also attacked Bethel, and the LORD was with them. |
| 4 | 2 Samuel 16:16 | And David’s friend Hushai the Archite went to Absalom and said to him, “Long live the king! Long live the king!” |
| 5 | 1 Chronicles 27:33 | Ahithophel was the king’s counselor. Hushai the Archite was the king’s friend. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 5 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — יָצָא, ve.ya.Tza'generated
The verb יָצָא (yatsa') means to go out or come out, indicating movement from one place to another. It is used in various contexts, including departure and emergence, emphasizing the idea of origin.
In this verse, it shows the beginning of a journey from Bethel, marking a significant transition as the descendants of Joseph establish their territory. The parsing as a sequential perfect third person masculine singular indicates an action that has been completed.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verbs יָצָא and עָבַר govern the structure of the verse, indicating the actions of going out and passing on. The sentence is built around these actions, with prepositional phrases providing context.
The word order emphasizes the movement from Bethel to Ataroth, highlighting the geographical significance of these locations.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates יָצָא as ἐχελεύσεται, indicating a similar sense of going out or departing. This choice maintains the original meaning while adapting it to the Greek language.
The translation reflects a direct correspondence with the Hebrew, preserving the journey's intent.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Joshua 16:2 describes how the descendants of Joseph traveled from Bethel, also known as Luz, to the border of the Archites in Ataroth. This journey is part of their land allocation, emphasizing the importance of these locations.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Bethel means 'house of God' and is significant as a place of worship and sacrifice in the Bible.
The Archites are a group of people mentioned in the book of Joshua, associated with the territory near Ataroth.
Ataroth means 'crowns' and is a boundary location between Ephraim and Benjamin, representing a place of honor.
The journey marks the establishment of tribal boundaries for the descendants of Joseph, which is crucial for understanding the distribution of land in Israel.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- How does understanding the locations in this verse help clarify the history of Israel's tribes?
- What significance do you see in the names of places like Bethel and Ataroth?
- In what ways do journeys in the Bible symbolize spiritual transitions?
- How can we apply the concept of boundaries and territories in our own lives today?
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Joshua 16:2 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd goeth out from Bethel to Luz,.... For though these two places in time became one, yet they were originally distinct.
Read John Gill on Joshua 16 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd goeth out from Bethel to Luz, and passeth along unto the borders of Archi to Ataroth, No JFB commentary on these verses.
Read Robert Jamieson on Joshua 16 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleFrom Beth-el to Luz, or, from Bethel-luzah, as the LXX. here join the words; for Beth-el was anciently called Luz, 48:3; though some think this was another Luz, spoken of . Others make Beth-el and Luz two neighbouring towns, which afterwards being more built and inhabited, became one, as oft hath happened.
Read Matthew Poole on Joshua 16 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsJoshua 16:2 And goeth out from Bethel to Luz, and passeth along unto the borders of Archi to Ataroth,Ver. 2. Unto the borders of Archi.] Hushai’ s country, ennobled by his name, as Co was to Hippocrates, and little Hippo by great Augustine.
Read John Trapp on Joshua 16 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English ReadersXVI. OF JOSEPH—i.e., of Ephraim and Manasseh (Joshua 16:1 to Joshua 18:1, inclusive). (1) The lot of the children of Joseph.—The order of precedence among the tribes of Israel was always Judah first and the sons of Joseph second. In the words of 1 Chronicles 5:2, “Judah prevailed above his brethren, and of him came the chief ruler; but the birthright was Joseph’s.” Accordingly in the division of the land of Canaan under Joshua, there are three successive stages: first, the settlement of the tribe of Judah in the strongholds of the south of Palestine; secondly, the establishment of Ephraim and Manasseh in the centre of the country, and in some strong positions towards the north; thirdly, the…
Read Charles John Ellicott on Joshua 16 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 2. From Bethel to Luz] From Genesis 28:19 it appears that the place which Jacob called Beth-el was formerly called Luz; see the note there: but here they seem to be two distinct places. It is very likely that the place where Jacob had the vision was not in Luz, but in some place within a small distance of that city or village, (see the note on Genesis 28:12), and that sometimes the whole place was called Beth-el, at other times Luz, and sometimes, as in the case above, the two places were distinguished. As we find the term London comprises, not only London, but also the city of Westminster and the borough of Southwark; though at other times all three are distinctly mentioned. Archi to…
Read AdamClarke on Joshua 16 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges2. and goeth out] Thence it passed on to Luz. It seems impossible to determine exactly whether Bethel and Luz were the same town, Luz being the Canaanite and Bethel the Hebrew name, or whether they were distinct places close to one another. (a) This verse, Joshua 18:13, and Genesis 28:19, seem to favour the last interpretation. (b) Genesis 35:6, Judges 1:23, favour the former. The conclusion of Mr Grove is “that the two places were distinct during the times preceding the conquest, Luz being the city, and Bethel the pillar and altar of Jacob; but after the destruction of Luz by the tribe of Ephraim the town of Bethel arose.” See his Article in Smith’s Bibl. Dict. unto the borders of Archi]…
Read Cambridge on Joshua 16 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleOf Archi - (Read “of the Archite,” also a designation of David’s friend Hushai (2 Samuel 15:32; 2 Samuel 16:16, etc.). The word is derived from Erech Genesis 10:10.
Read Albert Barnes on Joshua 16 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
It went on from Bethel (that is, Luz) and proceeded to the border of the Archites in Ataroth.
It went out from Bethel to Luz, and passed along to the border of the Archites to Ataroth;
It went on from Bethel (that is, Luz) and proceeded to the border of the Archites in Ataroth.
The southern border extended from Bethel to Luz, and crossed to Arkite territory at Ataroth.
Tyndale line
And goeth out from Beth-el to Luz, and passeth along unto the borders of Archi to Ataroth,
and it went out from Beth-el to Luz, and passed along unto the border of the Archites to Ataroth;
and it went out from Beth-el to Luz, and passed along unto the border of the Archites to Ataroth;
And goeth out from Beth-el to Luz, and passeth along to the borders of Archi to Ataroth,
And goeth out from Beth-el to Luz, and runneth along vnto the borders of Archiataroth,
Strictly literal
And [the border] went from Bethel to Luz, and passed to the border of the Archites to Ataroth,
and hath gone out from Beth-El to Luz, and passed over unto the border of Archi [to] Ataroth,
and has gone out from Beth-El to Luz, and passed over to the border of Archi [to] Ataroth,
And [the boundary] went out from Beth-el to Luz, and passed along unto the boundary of the Arkites to 'Ataroth,
Then it went from Bethel to Luz and passed along to Ataroth, the territory of the Arkites.
From the Latin
And goeth out from Bethel to Luza: and passeth the border of Archi, to Ataroth,
Simplified
From Bethel (or Luz) it continued to the border of Ataroth the Archite.
And it goes out from Beth-el to Luz, and on as far as the limit of the Archites to Ataroth;
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint show agreement in the overall structure of the verse, with six out of nine words matched. This indicates a consistent understanding of the journey from Bethel to Ataroth.
וְיָצָ֥א מִבֵּֽית־ אֵ֖ל ל֑וּזָה וְעָבַ֛ר אֶל־ גְּב֥וּל הָאַרְכִּ֖י עֲטָרֽוֹת׃
6 of the 9 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Joshua 16:2
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
יָצָא (yatsa') is a Hebrew verb meaning to go or come out, with various applications including departure, escape, and emergence. It can refer to both animate and inanimate subjects and emphasizes the idea of origin or source. The verb appears in different forms, such as Qal, Hiphil, and Hophal, indicating actions like leading out or being brought forth.
יָצָא 1068 vb. go or come out
Qal
go or come out or forth
from (מִן) a place
go forth from (the presence of) a person
in technical senses
of flight, involving escape
depart
of inanimate things
with especial emphasis on idea of origin, source
of children as going forth from loins (of father)
go forth to a place
go forward, proceed to or toward something
come or go forth, with esp. ref. to purpose or result
of combinations
Hiph.
cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out
fig. obj. persons, bring out of (מִן) distress, etc.
bring out animals
inanimate obj.
fig. subj. י׳, bring forth from (מִן)
Hoph. be brought forth
base
H3318 יָצָא go or come out .. go or come out or forth . from (מִן) a place
. go forth from (the presence of) a person
. in technical senses
. of flight, involving escape
. depart
. of inanimate things
. with especial emphasis on idea of origin, source
. of children as going forth from loins (of father)
. . go forth to a place
. go forward, proceed to or toward something
. come or go forth, with esp. ref. to purpose or result
. of combinations
. . cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out
. fig. obj. persons, bring out of (מִן) distress, etc.
. bring out animals
. inanimate obj.
. fig. subj. י׳, bring forth from (מִן)
. be brought forth
3318 yatsa' yaw-tsaw'
a primitive root; to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great
variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct
and proxim.:--X after, appear, X assuredly, bear out, X
begotten, break out, bring forth (out, up), carry out, come
(abroad, out, thereat, without), + be condemned,
depart(-ing, -ure), draw forth, in the end, escape, exact,
fail, fall (out), fetch forth (out), get away (forth, hence,
out), (able to, cause to, let) go abroad (forth, on, out),
going out, grow, have forth (out), issue out, lay (lie) out,
lead out, pluck out, proceed, pull out, put away, be risen, X
scarce, send with commandment, shoot forth, spread, spring
out, stand out, X still, X surely, take forth (out), at any
time, X to (and fro), utter.
יָצָא (ya.tsa) — to come out: come.
: come/go_out/escape
1) to go out, come out, exit, go forth
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to go or come out or forth, depart
1a2) to go forth (to a place)
1a3) to go forward, proceed to (to or toward something)
1a4) to come or go forth (with purpose or for result)
1a5) to come out of
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out
1b2) to bring out of
1b3) to lead out
1b4) to deliver
1c) (Hophal) to be brought out or forth
יָצָא (ya.tsa) — to come out: send.
: send/take_out/release
1) to go out, come out, exit, go forth
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to go or come out or forth, depart
1a2) to go forth (to a place)
1a3) to go forward, proceed to (to or toward something)
1a4) to come or go forth (with purpose or for result)
1a5) to come out of
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out
1b2) to bring out of
1b3) to lead out
1b4) to deliver
Conj | V-Qal-3ms — Verb · Qal · sequential perfect third person masculine singularHc/Vqq3ms
בֵּֽיתְאֵל (Bethel) means 'house of God' and refers to a significant ancient location in Palestine, identified with Luz. It is described as a seat of worship situated in Ephraim on the border of Benjamin, as well as a place in the southern region of Judah.
בֵּֽיתְאֵל 71 n.pr.loc. Bethel
ancient place and seat of worship in Ephraim on border of Benjamin, identif. with Luz (former name)
place in south country of Judah, not far from Beersheba & Ziklag
base
H1008 בֵּֽיתְאֵל Bethel
1008 Beyth-'El bayth-ale'
from 1004 and 410; house of God; Beth-El, a place in
Palestine:--Beth-el.
see HEBREW for 01004
see HEBREW for 0410
בֵּֽיתְ־אֵל (bet-el) — Bethel.
§ Bethel = "house of God"
ancient place and seat of worship in Ephraim on border of Benjamin, identified with Luz (former name)
בֵּֽיתְ־אֵל (bet-el) — Bethel.
§ Bethel = "house of God"
a place in south country of Judah
Prep | N-proper — Preposition · noun properHR/Npl
Beth
Occurs frequently as the appellation for a house, or dwelling-place, in such compounds as the words immediately following:
the most general word for a house or habitation. It has the special meaning of a temple or house of worship Beth is more frequently employed in compound names of places than any other word.
House, forms a part of many compounds names of places, and sometimes means the place or dwelling; and at others the temple. This word becomes Beit in modern Arabic.
בֵּֽיתְאֵל (Bethel) means 'house of God' and refers to a significant ancient location in Palestine, identified with Luz. It is described as a seat of worship situated in Ephraim on the border of Benjamin, as well as a place in the southern region of Judah.
בֵּֽיתְאֵל 71 n.pr.loc. Bethel
ancient place and seat of worship in Ephraim on border of Benjamin, identif. with Luz (former name)
place in south country of Judah, not far from Beersheba & Ziklag
base
H1008 בֵּֽיתְאֵל Bethel
1008 Beyth-'El bayth-ale'
from 1004 and 410; house of God; Beth-El, a place in
Palestine:--Beth-el.
see HEBREW for 01004
see HEBREW for 0410
בֵּֽיתְ־אֵל (bet-el) — Bethel.
§ Bethel = "house of God"
ancient place and seat of worship in Ephraim on border of Benjamin, identified with Luz (former name)
בֵּֽיתְ־אֵל (bet-el) — Bethel.
§ Bethel = "house of God"
a place in south country of Judah
N-proper — Noun properHNpl
See GOD, NAMES OF.
Strength, one of the names of God, especially in poetry,
Ge 33:18-20. It is very often found in proper names, as Bethel, Daniel, Elijah, etc. Eloi, like Eli, means, My God.
לוּז (luz) refers to a place name, specifically the former name of Bethel and a city associated with the Hittites. The name is linked to the almond tree, suggesting a possible connection to local flora. The entries indicate that there are two locations named Luz in Palestine, but they do not provide significant disagreement on these points.
לוּז n.pr.loc.
former name of Bethel
city in hands of Hittites
base
H3870 לוּז . former name of Bethel
. city in hands of Hittites
3870 Luwz looz
probably from 3869 (as growing there); Luz, the name of two
places in Palestine:--Luz.
see HEBREW for 03869
לוּז (luz) — Luz.
§ Luz = "almond tree"
the name of a town in the land of the Hittites
לוּז (luz) — Luz.
Luz = "almond tree"
the early name of Bethel and probably the name of the town in close proximity to the actual location of the altar and pillar of Jacob
Another name of bet-el (בֵּֽיתְ־אֵל "Bethel" H1008G)
N-proper | Suff — Noun proper · suffixHNpl/Sd
The Hebrew word עָבַר (abar) is a versatile verb meaning to pass over, through, or by, and it encompasses a range of actions including crossing, traversing, and alienating. It can also imply causing something to pass or be transferred, as well as emotional states like anger in its Hithpael form. The entries highlight its use in various contexts, though they do not provide specific verse references.
עָבַר 648 vb. pass over, through, by, pass on
Qal
pass over
Pass beyond
Pass through, traverse
pass along by
pass by
sweep by, of scourge
be past, over, of time
pass along (from hand to hand)
Pass on, go on
Pass away
Niph. Impf. a stream which cannot be forded
Pi.
his bull impregnateth
cause one to cross river
cause something to pass over
make over to
devote children to (לְ) heathen god
pass along (from hand to hand)
cause to pass through
let pass through
cause to pass by
let pass by
cause arrow to pass beyond
cause to pass under rod, for counting
cause to pass away, take away
Hiph.
cause to pass over, bring over
he made to pass across with chains of gold
base
[עָבַר] vb. denom. Hithp. be arrogant, infuriate oneself
base
H5674a עָבַר pass over, through, by, pass on .. pass over
. Pass beyond
. Pass through, traverse
. . pass along by
. pass by
. sweep by, of scourge
. be past, over, of time
. pass along (from hand to hand)
. Pass on, go on
. Pass away
. Impf. a stream which cannot be forded
. . his bull impregnateth . cause one to cross river
. cause something to pass over
. make over to
. devote children to (לְ) heathen god
. pass along (from hand to hand)
. . cause to pass through
. let pass through
. . cause to pass by
. let pass by
. cause arrow to pass beyond
. cause to pass under rod, for counting
. cause to pass away, take away
. . cause to pass over, bring over
. he made to pass across with chains of gold
H5674b עָבַר vb. denom. Hithp. be arrogant, infuriate oneself
5674 `abar aw-bar'
a primitive root; to cross over; used very widely of any
transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive,
intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
copulation):--alienate, alter, X at all, beyond, bring (over,
through), carry over, (over-)come (on, over), conduct (over),
convey over, current, deliver, do away, enter, escape, fail,
gender, get over, (make) go (away, beyond, by, forth, his way,
in, on, over, through), have away (more), lay, meddle,
overrun, make partition, (cause to, give, make to, over)
pass(-age, along, away, beyond, by, -enger, on, out, over,
through), (cause to, make) + proclaim(-amation), perish,
provoke to anger, put away, rage, + raiser of taxes, remove,
send over, set apart, + shave, cause to (make) sound, X
speedily, X sweet smelling, take (away), (make to)
transgress(-or), translate, turn away, (way-)faring man, be
wrath.
עָבַר (a.var) — to pass.
1) to pass over or by or through, alienate, bring, carry, do away, take, take away, transgress
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to pass over, cross, cross over, pass over, march over, overflow, go over
1a2) to pass beyond
1a3) to pass through, traverse
1a3a) passers-through (participle)
1a3b) to pass through (the parts of victim in covenant)
1a4) to pass along, pass by, overtake and pass, sweep by
1a4a) passer-by (participle)
1a4b) to be past, be over
1a5) to pass on, go on, pass on before, go in advance of, pass along, travel, advance
1a6) to pass away
1a6a) to emigrate, leave (one's territory)
1a6b) to vanish
1a6c) to perish, cease to exist
1a6d) to become invalid, become obsolete (of law, decree)
1a6e) to be alienated, pass into other hands
1b) (Niphal) to be crossed
1c) (Piel) to impregnate, cause to cross
1d) (Hiphil)
Conj | V-Qal-3ms — Verb · Qal · sequential perfect third person masculine singularHc/Vqq3ms
On
Light; the sun, (Gen. 41:45, 50), the great seat of sun-worship, called also Bethshemesh (Jer. 43:13) and Aven (Ezek. 30:17), stood on the east bank of the Nile, a few miles north of Memphis, and near Cairo, in the north-east. The Vulgate and the LXX. Versions have “Heliopolis” (“city of the sun”) instead of On in Genesis and of Aven in Ezekiel. The “city of destruction” Isaiah speaks of (19:18, marg. “of Heres;” Heb. ‘Ir-ha-heres, which some MSS. read Ir-ha-heres, i.e., “city of the sun”) may be the name given to On, the prophecy being that the time will come when that city which was known as the “city of the sun-god” shall become the “city of destruction” of the sun-god, i.e., when idolatry shall cease, and the worship…
(abode or city of the sun), a town of lower Egypt, called BETH-SHEMESH in (Jeremiah 43:13) On is better known under its Greek name Heliopolis. It was situated on the east side of the Pelusiac branch of the Nile, just below the point of the Delta, and about twenty miles northeast of Memphis. The chief object of worship at Heliopolis was the sun, whose temple, described by Strabo, is now only represented by the single beautiful obelisk, of red granite so feet 2 inches high above the pedestal which has stood for more than 4000 years, having been erected by Usirtesen, the second king of the twelfth dynasty. Heliopolis was anciently famous for its learning, and Eudoxus and Plato studied under its priests. The first mention of this place in the Bible is in the history of Joseph, to whom we read Pharaoh gave "to wife Asenath the daughter…
See HELIOPOLIS.
pain; force; iniquity
The Hebrew word אֶל (el) is primarily a preposition indicating motion towards or direction to a person or place. It can also imply entering a limit, presence at a location, or a hostile direction (against). Additionally, it may express concepts such as concerning, in addition to, or according to. The entries highlight its versatility in both physical and metaphorical contexts.
אֶל (nearly always followed by Makkeph),
prep. denoting motion to or direction towards (whether physical or mental).of motion to or unto a person or place
Where the limit is actually entered, into
Of direction towards anything
Where the motion or direction implied appears from the context to be of a hostile character, אֶל = against
Unto sometimes acquires from the context the sense of in addition to
Metaph. in regard to, concerning, on account of
Of rule or standard according to (rare)
Expressing presence at a spot, against, at, by, not merely after verbs implying motion
Prefixed to other preps. it combines with them the idea of motion or direction to
base
H413 אֶל (nearly always followed by Makkeph), . of motion to or unto a person or place
. Where the limit is actually entered, into
. Of direction towards anything
. Where the motion or direction implied appears from the context to be of a hostile character, אֶל = against
. Unto sometimes acquires from the context the sense of in addition to
. Metaph. in regard to, concerning, on account of
. Of rule or standard according to (rare)
. Expressing presence at a spot, against, at, by, not merely after verbs implying motion
. Prefixed to other preps. it combines with them the idea of motion or direction to
413 'el ale
(but only used in the shortened constructive form sel {el});
a primitive particle; properly, denoting motion towards, but
occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or
among; often in general, to:--about, according to ,after,
against, among, as for, at, because(-fore, -side), both...and,
by, concerning, for, from, X hath, in(- to), near, (out) of,
over, through, to(-ward), under, unto, upon, whether,
with(-in).
אֶל (el) — to(wards).
1) to, toward, unto (of motion)
2) into (limit is actually entered)
2a) in among
3) toward (of direction, not necessarily physical motion)
4) against (motion or direction of a hostile character)
5) in addition to, to
6) concerning, in regard to, in reference to, on account of
7) according to (rule or standard)
8) at, by, against (of one's presence)
9) in between, in within, to within, unto (idea of motion to)
Prep — PrepositionHR
גְּבוּל (gbuwl) refers to a border or boundary, often implying a defined territory. It can denote a physical limit, such as a coast or landmark, and can also have figurative uses, like a region of darkness. The word is derived from a root meaning 'cord' and encompasses various meanings related to boundaries and territories.
גְּבוּל 240 n.m. border, boundary, territory
border, boundary
territory (enclosed within boundary)
base
H1366 גְּבוּל border, boundary, territory
1366 gbuwl gheb-ool'
or (shortened) gbul {gheb-ool'}; from 1379; properly, a cord
(as twisted), i.e. (by implication) a boundary; by extens. the
territory inclosed:--border, bound, coast, X great, landmark,
limit, quarter, space.
see HEBREW for 01379
גְּבוּל (ge.vul) — border: boundary.
: boundary
1) border, territory
1a) border
1b) territory (enclosed within boundary)
1c) region, territory (of darkness) (fig.)
Also means: ge.vul (גְּבוּל ": area" H1366H)
גְּבוּל (ge.vul) — border: area.
: area
1) border, territory
1a) border
1b) territory (enclosed within boundary)
1c) region, territory (of darkness) (fig.)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
אַרְכִּי (Arkiy) refers to someone from Arach, possibly linked to the term 'lengthy.' It is used as an adjective to denote a native of Erek, with references to an Archite in the context of the Old Testament, specifically mentioned in Joshua 16:2. The lexicons do not provide significant disagreement on its meaning.
אַרְכִּי adj.gent. (deriv. unknown)
base
H757 אַרְכִּי
757 'Arkiy ar-kee'
patrial from another place (in Palestine) of similar name
with 751; an Arkite or native of Erek:--Archi, Archite.
see HEBREW for 0751
אַרְכִּי (ar.ki) — Archite.
Someone from Arach(?), first mentioned at Jos.16.2
§ Archite or Archi = "lengthy"
referring to the home city of Hushai
Art | Ngmsa — Particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ngmsa
עֲטָרוֹת (Ataroth) refers to two locations in Palestine, one east of the Jordan River and another on the boundary between Ephraim and Manasseh. The term is a plural form meaning 'crowns' and is derived from a related word. The entries indicate its significance in the context of tribal territories, particularly for the tribe of Gad.
עֲטָרוֹת and עֲטָרֹת n.pr.loc.
E. of Jordan
W. of Jordan
base
H5852 עֲטָרוֹת and עֲטָרֹת . E. of Jordan
. W. of Jordan
5852 `Atarowth at-aw-roth'
or Ataroth {at-aw-roth'}; plural of 5850; Ataroth, the name
(thus simply) of two places in Palestine:--Ataroth.
see HEBREW for 05850
עֲטָרוֹת (a.ta.rot) — Ataroth.
§ Ataroth = "crowns"
a town east of the Jordan in Gilead, taken and built by the tribe of Gad
עֲטָרוֹת (a.ta.rot) — Ataroth.
§ Ataroth = "crowns"
a place on the boundary of Ephraim and Manasseh
between Ephraim and Benjamin
N-proper — Noun properHNpl
at'-a-roth, a-ta'-roth (`aTaroth, "crowns" or "wreaths"; Ataroth):
(1) A city East of the Jordan, apparently in the territory given to Reuben, but built, or fortified, by the children of Gad (Nu 32:3,34). It is named along with Dibon, which is identified with Dhiban. Eight miles Northeast by North of Dibon, on the South of Wady Zerqa Ma`in, stands Jebel `Attarus, in which the ancient name is preserved. The city is doubtless represented by Khirbet `Attarus, about 4 miles West of the mountain.
(2) A place on the boundary between Ephraim and Benjamin, toward the West (Jos 16:2). It seems to be the same as Ataroth- addar of Jos 16:5, 18:13. It is probably to be identified with the modern ed-Dariyeh South of nether Bethhoron, and…
Ataroth
Crowns. (1.) A city east of Jordan, not far from Gilead (Num. 32:3).
(2.) A town on the border of Ephraim and Benjamin (Josh. 16:2, 7), called also Ataroth-adar (16:5). Now ed-Da’rieh.
(3.) “Ataroth, the house of Joab” (1 Chr. 2:54), a town of Judah inhabited by the descendants of Caleb.
(crowns). One of the towns in the "land of Jazer and land of Gilead," (Numbers 32:3) east of the Jordan, taken and built by the tribe of Gad. (Numbers 32:34) A place on the (south?) boundary of Ephraim and Manasseh. (Joshua 16:2,7) It is impossible to say whether Ataroth is or is not the same place as ATAROTH-ADAR, or -ADDAR, on the west border of Benjamin, "near the ’mountain’ that is on the south side of the nether Beth-horon." (Joshua 16:5; 18:13) Perhaps the modern Atara, six miles northeast of Bethel. "ATAROTH, THE HOUSE OF JOAB," a place(?) occurring in the list of the descendants of Judah. (1 Chronicles 2:54)