Matthew 23:12 — Word Study
N1904ὅστις δὲ ὑψώσει ἑαυτὸν ταπεινωθήσεται, καὶ ὅστις ταπεινώσει ἑαυτὸν ὑψωθήσεται.¶
BSAHe whohostis, hētis [who/which] thende will exalthupsoō▸ [lifts up, elevates] himselfheautou [themself] will be humbled,tapeinoō▸ [lowered] andkai whoeverhostis, hētis [who/which] will humbletapeinoō▸ [lowers] himselfheautou [themself] will be exalted.hupsoō▸ [lifted up, elevated]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| ὅστις | He who | Relative pronoun, nominative, singular |
| δὲ | then | Conjunction |
| ὑψώσει | will exalt | Verb, future, active |
| ἑαυτὸν | himself | Reflexive pronoun, third person, accusative |
| ταπεινωθήσεται, | will be humbled, | Verb, future, passive |
| καὶ | and | Conjunction |
| ὅστις | whoever | Relative pronoun, nominative, singular |
| ταπεινώσει | will humble | Verb, future, active |
| ἑαυτὸν | himself | Reflexive pronoun, third person, accusative |
| ὑψωθήσεται.¶ | will be exalted. | Verb, future, passive |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | For whoever exalts himself will be humbled, and whoever humbles himself will be exalted. |
| KJV | And whosoever shall exalt himself shall be abased; and he that shall humble himself shall be exalted. |
| ASV | And whosoever shall exalt himself shall be humbled; and whosoever shall humble himself shall be exalted. |
| YLT | and whoever shall exalt himself shall be humbled, and whoever shall humble himself shall be exalted. |
| WEB | Whoever exalts himself will be humbled, and whoever humbles himself will be exalted. |
| BBE | And whoever makes himself high will be made low, and whoever makes himself low will be made high. |
Where they part company is in the verbs — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence consists of two main clauses connected by 'and', each presenting a conditional statement about self-exaltation and humility.
7 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectὅστις
verbὑψόω
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the New Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — ὁ, the commonest word in the Greek New Testament, stands 19,867 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Matthew 23:12
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Teaching on Humilitygenerated
Matthew 23:12 is part of Jesus' teaching where He contrasts the attitudes of the proud with those of the humble. He emphasizes that those who lift themselves up will ultimately be brought low, while those who lower themselves will be raised up. This teaching reflects the values of the Kingdom of God, where humility is exalted and pride is condemned.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Matthew 5:3 | “Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. |
| 2 | Matthew 18:4 | Therefore, whoever humbles himself like this little child is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven. |
| 3 | Job 22:29 | When men are brought low and you say, ‘Lift them up!’ then He will save the lowly. |
| 4 | Psalm 138:6 | Though the LORD is on high, He attends to the lowly; but the proud He knows from afar. |
| 5 | Proverbs 15:33 | The fear of the LORD is the instruction of wisdom, and humility comes before honor. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 14 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — ὅστις, hostis, hētisgenerated
The word ὅστις is a relative pronoun meaning 'whoever' or 'whosoever.' It is used to refer to an indefinite person and is often employed in general statements, indicating that the teaching applies to anyone.
In this verse, ὅστις introduces the subjects of both clauses, emphasizing that the principles of humility and exaltation are universally applicable.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The verse is rendered in the Berean Standard Bible as 'For whoever exalts himself will be humbled, and whoever humbles himself will be exalted.' The KJV and ASV share similar wording, maintaining the core message of the text.
Where translations differ is in the rendering of the verbs. The BSB uses 'will be humbled' and 'will be exalted,' while the KJV states 'shall be abased' and 'shall be exalted.' Other versions like the BBE use 'made low' and 'made high,' showing a variety of expressions but a consistent meaning.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The verse contains two main clauses, each with a subject and a verb. The first clause, led by the subject ὅστις and the verb ὑψώσει, states the consequence of self-exaltation. The second clause mirrors this structure, with ὅστις as the subject and ταπεινώσει as the verb, indicating the outcome of humility.
The verbs in the clauses are future tense, indicating actions that will occur as a result of the subjects' behavior. This structure highlights the cause-and-effect relationship between pride and humility.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The verb ὑψόω appears in the Septuagint, often translated from Hebrew words meaning 'to be high' or 'exalted.' It carries the same connotation of elevation in both the Old and New Testaments.
The corresponding Hebrew words, such as רוּם and גָּבַהּ, also emphasize the idea of being lifted up, showing a continuity of meaning across the scriptures.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Matthew 23:12 teaches that those who try to make themselves important will be brought down, while those who are humble will be lifted up. This is a reminder of the values of the Kingdom of God, where humility is honored.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
To exalt oneself means to promote or elevate one's own importance or status, often at the expense of others.
Humility, or recognizing one's true position and not seeking personal glory, aligns with God's values, leading to true honor and recognition.
This teaching challenges societal norms that often value pride and self-promotion, highlighting the importance of humility in the eyes of God.
Practicing humility can involve serving others, acknowledging one's limitations, and valuing others' contributions over seeking personal recognition.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what areas of my life do I struggle with pride, and how can I work on being more humble?
- How can I serve others in a way that reflects true humility?
- What examples of humility have I seen in others that inspire me?
- How does understanding the consequences of pride change the way I approach my relationships?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Christian writers reference this verse to discuss humility and the dangers of pride. Their insights provide additional understanding of Jesus' teaching.
A hermit said, ‘He who is praised and honoured above what he deserves suffers grievous loss. He who receives no honour at all among men, shall be glorified hereafter.’Early Church Fathers on Matthew 23 →
. Christ does not prohibit one from being called "teacher," but rather He prohibits the passionate desire to be so called, and the eager pursuit of every possible means to acquire the name.Early Church Fathers on Matthew 23 →
Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Matthew 23:12 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd whosoever shall exalt himself,.... Above his fellow Christians, or fellow ministers, by entertaining too high an opinion of himself, by boasting of his gifts, as preferable to others, and as if
Read John Gill on Matthew 23 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd whosoever shall exalt himself shall be abased; and he that shall humble himself shall be exalted. And whosoever shall exalt himself shall be abased; and he that shall humble himself shall be exalted.
Read Robert Jamieson on Matthew 23 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleVer. 11,12. We have what is in twice in Luke, . These verses expound what went before, and let us know; 1. That it was not a title, but the affectation of a title, which he blamed. 2. Not a doctorship, or mastership, but such a doctorship or mastership as made a man too big for the ministry of the church; such honour as lifted up the man’ s heart above his work. He is an infamous doctor in the church of Christ, who thinks himself too high or too great to be a minister in it. For God will abase, and men shall abase, him who exalteth himself. God resisteth, and men usually contemn and despise the proud, especially ministers who are so. Both God shall exalt, and men shall honour, those that…
Read Matthew Poole on Matthew 23 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments12 And whosoever shall exalt himself shall be abased; and he that shall humble himself shall be exalted. Ver. 12. And whosoever shall exalt himself, &c.] Lo here a great miracle, saith Augustine, God is on high, and yet the higher thou liftest up thyself, the farther thou art from him; the lower thou humblest thyself, the nearer he draweth to thee. Low things he looketh close upon, that he may raise them: proud things he knows afar off, that he may depress them. The proud Pharisee pressed as near God as he could: the poor publican, not daring to do so, stood aloof off; yet was God far from the Pharisee, near to the publican. Videte magnum miraculum: altus est Deus, &c.
Read John Trapp on Matthew 23 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(12) Whosoever shall exalt himself.—The precept seems to have been one which our Lord desired specially to imprint on the hearts of the disciples. It had been spoken at least twice before, as in Luke 14:11; Luke 18:14. The echoes of it in James 4:10, 1 Peter 5:6, show that the impression had been made.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Matthew 23 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 12. Whosoever shall exalt himself, c.] The way to arrive at the highest degree of dignity, in the sight of God, is by being willing to become the servant of all. Nothing is more hateful in his sight than pride to bring it into everlasting contempt, God was manifest in the flesh. He who was in the likeness of God took upon him the form of a servant, and was made in the likeness of man, and humbled himself unto death. After this, can God look upon any proud man without abasing him? Spiritual lordship and domination, ecclesiastical luxury, pomp, and pride, must be an abhorrence in the sight of that God who gave the above advices to his followers. Another lesson, which our blessed Lord…
Read AdamClarke on Matthew 23 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible12. Whosoever shall exalt himself — By these various modes of assumption. Shall be abased — By the divine condemnation. Exalted — By the divine approbation, and the honour that cometh from God.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Matthew 23 →The verse in English, compared — 16 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
For whoever exalts himself will be humbled, and whoever humbles himself will be exalted.
Whoever exalts himself will be humbled, and whoever humbles himself will be exalted.
For whoever exalts himself will be humbled, and whoever humbles himself will be exalted.
And whoever exalts himself will be humbled, and whoever humbles himself will be exalted.
Tyndale line
And whosoever shall exalt himself shall be abased; and he that shall humble himself shall be exalted.
And whosoever shall exalt himself shall be humbled; and whosoever shall humble himself shall be exalted.
And whosoever shall exalt himself shall be humbled; and whosoever shall humble himself shall be exalted.
And whoever shall exalt himself, shall be abased; and he that shall humble himself, shall be exalted.
For whosoeuer will exalt himselfe, shall be brought lowe: and whosoeuer will humble himselfe, shalbe exalted.
Strictly literal
And whoever shall exalt himself shall be humbled, and whoever shall humble himself shall be exalted.
and whoever shall exalt himself shall be humbled, and whoever shall humble himself shall be exalted.
and whoever will exalt himself will be humbled, and whoever will humble himself will be exalted.
Whoever exalts himself will be humbled, and whoever humbles himself will be exalted.
From the Latin
And whosoever shall exalt himself shall be humbled: and he that shall humble himself shall be exalted.
Simplified
Those who make themselves great will be humbled, and those who humble themselves will be made great.
And whoever makes himself high will be made low, and whoever makes himself low will be made high.
Word by word, the decisions they made
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the Nestle 1904 treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The earliest translations — Latin and Syriac
Every translation is an argument about meaning made by someone who had to commit to one. These two were made while the Greek was still a living language, and they are the oldest opinions we have about what this verse says.
Qui autem se exaltaverit, humiliabitur : et qui se humiliaverit, exaltabitur.
Jerome revised the Old Latin against the Greek from AD 382; the Latin west read this text for a thousand years.
ܡܢ ܓܝܪ ܕܢܪܝܡ ܢܦܫܗ ܢܬܡܟܟ ܘܡܢ ܕܢܡܟ ܢܦܫܗ ܢܬܬܪܝܡ
The Bible of the Syriac-speaking church, in the language nearest to the Aramaic Jesus spoke.
Shown verse by verse rather than word by word: aligning a Greek word to its Latin or Syriac counterpart automatically would be guesswork, and a wrong alignment is worse than none.
The Greek editions compared — what the manuscripts actually say
Eight printed editions of the Greek New Testament, side by side. Where they agree the wording is settled; where a word is missing from an edition it is marked, so you can see the difference rather than take it on trust.
ὅστις δὲ ὑψώσει ἑαυτὸν ταπεινωθήσεται, καὶ ὅστις ταπεινώσει ἑαυτὸν ὑψωθήσεται.¶
The standard critical text of the New Testament.
ὅστις δὲ ὑψώσει ἑαυτὸν ταπεινωθήσεται, καὶ ὅστις ταπεινώσει ἑαυτὸν ὑψωθήσεται.¶
The previous edition, still widely cited.
ὅστις δὲ ὑψώσει ἑαυτὸν ταπεινωθήσεται, καὶ ὅστις ταπεινώσει ἑαυτὸν ὑψωθήσεται.¶
The Society of Biblical Literature edition, freely licensed.
ὅστις δὲ ὑψώσει ἑαυτὸν ταπεινωθήσεται, καὶ ὅστις ταπεινώσει ἑαυτὸν ὑψωθήσεται.¶
The edition that turned scholarship toward the earliest manuscripts.
ὅστις δὲ ὑψώσει ἑαυτὸν ταπεινωθήσεται, καὶ ὅστις ταπεινώσει ἑαυτὸν ὑψωθήσεται.¶
An independent critical text built from the oldest witnesses then known.
ὅστις δὲ ὑψώσει ἑαυτὸν ταπεινωθήσεται, καὶ ὅστις ταπεινώσει ἑαυτὸν ὑψωθήσεται.¶
A recent critical edition following documentary evidence closely.
ὅστις δὲ ὑψώσει ἑαυτὸν ταπεινωθήσεται, καὶ ὅστις ταπεινώσει ἑαυτὸν ὑψωθήσεται.¶
The reading of the majority of surviving manuscripts.
ὅστις δὲ ὑψώσει ἑαυτὸν ταπεινωθήσεται, καὶ ὅστις ταπεινώσει ἑαυτὸν ὑψωθήσεται.¶
The printed tradition behind the King James Version.
A witness that read differently would show its variant word here, marked.
Word by word, across the editions
Every edition agrees. All 8 printed editions — Nestle-Aland 28, Nestle-Aland 27, SBLGNT, Westcott-Hort, Tregelles, Tyndale House 2017, Textus Receptus (KJV), Byzantine majority — carry every word of this verse, in the same order, with no difference that any translator would render differently.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Greek New Testament — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Matthew 23:12
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Greek lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. Imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, the full Liddell-Scott-Jones, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate LSJ, Robinson and Packard on the Greek, Webster and Cawdrey on the English the translators were using. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Greek word ὅστις (i.e., *hostis*) is a relative pronoun meaning 'whoever' or 'whosoever.' It is used in the New Testament primarily in general statements and relative sentences, often indicating an indefinite person or thing. The word is built from the components for 'who' and 'any.' Notably, there is some distinction in usage between ὅστις and its simpler form ὅς, particularly in the writings of Paul compared to Luke.
ὅστις, ἥτις, ὅ τι (also written ὅ, τι and ὅτι; v. LS, s.v.; WH, § 411; Tdf., Pr., 111), in NT scarcely ever except in nom. (M, Pr., 91), the only instance of the oblique cases being found in ἕως ὅτου (v.s. ἕως), relative of indef. reference (related to simple ὅς as Lat. quisquis to qui),
whoever, anyone who;
of an indef. person or thing: in general statements, Mt 5:39, 41 13:12, and freq., Lk 14:27, Ga 5:4, al.; in relative sentences, Mt 7:26, Lk 15:7, Phl 3:7, al.; πᾶς ὅ., c. indic., Mt 7:24 10:32; ὅ ἄν (ἐάν), c. subjc.,
ὅστις, ἥτις, ὅ,τι (separated by a hypodiastole [comma], to distinguish it from ὅτε; but L T Tr write 6 τι, without a hypodiastole [ef. Td. Proleg. p. 111], leaving a little space between 6 and τι; [WH ὅτι]; cf. W. 46 (45 sq.); [Lipsius, Gramm. Untersuch. p. 118 sq.; WH. Intr. § 4117), gen. οὕτινος (but of the oblique cases only the acc. neut. ὅ,τι and the gen. ὅτου, in the phrase ἕως ὅτου, are found in the N. T.), [fr. Hom. down], comp. of és and tis, hence prop. any one who; i.e. 1. whoever, every one who: ὅστις simply, in the sing. chiefly at the beginning of a sentence in general propositions, esp. in Matt. ; w. an indic. pres., Mt. xiii. 12 (twice); Mk. viii. 34 (where L Tr WH εἴ τις); Lk. xiv. 27; neut. Mt. xviii. 28 Rec.; w. a fut., Mt. v. 39 [RG Trmrg.], 41; xxiii. 12, ete.; Jas. ii. 10 RG; plur. οἵτινες, whosoever (all those who): w. indic. pres., Mk. iv. 20; Lk. viii. 15; Gal.…
Read the full entry →ὅστις. The classical distinction between ὅστις and ὅς which in the NT is maintained on the whole in Paul, but not in Luke (nor in the LXX, Thackeray ΟἿ". i. p. 192), has worn very thin in the papyri. Thus with Mt 2753 a/. we may compare i P Oxy I. 1104 (an invitation to dinner—ii/a.D.) αὔριον, ἥτις
ὅστις (hostis, hētis) — who/which.
ὅστις, ἥτις, ὅ τι
(sometimes written ὅ, τι to distinct it from ὅτι, that): [Refs 8th c.BC+] has also the masculine collateral form ὅτις [Refs 8th c.BC+] and Ionic dialect and [Refs 4th c.AD+] and the neuter ὅττι [Refs 8th c.BC+]—In some forms only the second part is inflected, i.e. genitive ὅτου [Refs 5th c.BC+], Epic dialect ὅττεο [Refs 8th c.BC+][same place], contraction ὅττευ [Refs 8th c.BC+]; perhaps also in Ionic dialect, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Epic dialect ὅτεῳ [Refs 8th c.BC+], and as disyllable, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Epic dialect accusative ὅτινα [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Delph. dative ὅτινι [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; neuter ὅτινα [Refs 8th c.BC+], Attic dialect ὅτων [Refs 8th c.BC+], Attic dialect ὅτοισι [Refs 8th c.BC+], Aeolic dialect ὄττινας [Refs 7th c.BC+]: of the forms with double inflexion [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ᾧτινι first in [Refs 8th c.BC+]…
Read the full entry →ὅστις
hostis
hetis hay'-tis, and the neuter
ho,ti hot'-ee
from 3739 and 5100; which some, i.e. any that; also (definite) which
same:--X and (they), (such) as, (they) that, in that they,
what(-soever), whereas ye, (they) which, who(-soever). Compare 3754.
see GREEK for 3739
see GREEK for 5100
see GREEK for 3754
ὅστις, ἥτις, ὅτι
Rel.pr.
whosoever, whichsoever, whatsoever
ὅστις any one who, anything which, i. e. whosoever, whichsoever, differing from ὅς, as Lat. quisquis, from qui, Hom., etc.; ὅντινα κιχείη whomsoever he caught, Il.; ὅτις κ ἐπίορκον ὀμόσσῃ whoso forswears himself, id. Il., etc.: —ἔστιν ὅστις, Lat. est qui, often with a negat., οὐκ ἔστιν ὅτῳ μείζονα μοῖραν νείμαιμ᾽ there is no one to whom I would give more, Aesch., etc.: —οὐδὲν ὅ τι οὐ everything, Hdt.
hardly different from ὅς, who, βωμόν, ὅστις νῦν ἔξω τῆς πόλεώς ἐστι the altar, which . . , Thuc.
in indirect questions, ξεῖνος ὅδ᾽, οὐκ οἶδ᾽ ὅστις Od.:—in dialogue, when the person questioned repeats the question asked by τίς, as οὗτος τί ποιεῖς; Answ. ὅ τι ποιῶ; [you ask] what I'm doing?…
Read the full entry →Rel-NSM — Relative pronoun · nominative · singular · masculinenominative — the one doing it — the subject.
Agrees with anything else marked singular masculine.
R-NSM Part of Speech: Relative pronoun Case: Nominative Number: Singular Gender: Masculine
145 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 13 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 140 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Every reference is on the Strong's page.
εἰ γοῦν οἱ ἀπὸ μονάδος ἄχρι τετράδος ἑξῆς συντεθεῖεν ἀριθμοί, δεκάδα γεννήσουσιν, ἥτις ὅρος τῆς ἀπειρίας τῶν ἀριθμῶν ἐστι, περὶ ὃν ὡς καμπτῆρα εἱλοῦνται καὶ ἀνακάμπτουσι.
εἰσὶ δʼ οἵτινες ἐβιάσθησαν ὑπʼ αὐτῆς τῆς τῶν πραγμάτων ἀνάγκης οἷς πραττομένοις παρέτυχον ταῦτα γραφῇ δηλούσῃ περιλαβεῖν·
τὸ οὖν χοιρίον πρὸς τοῦτο εἶπεν: οὐ κολληθήσῃ φησίν, ἀνθρώποις τοιούτοις, οἵτινές εἰσιν ὅμοιοι χοίρων: τουτέστιν ὅταν σπαταλῶσιν, ἐπιλανθάνονται τοῦ κυρίου, ὅταν δὲ ὑστεροῦνται, ἐπιγινώσκουσιν τὸν κύριον, ὡς καὶ ὁ χοῖρος ὅταν τρώγει τὸν κύριον οὐκ…
τοὺς τόκους ἃ ὤφειλεν ἡ Θαῆσις τῇ τῶν δύο Ἡρακλείδου καὶ Ἀπίας ἀδελφῆι Ἡρωδιαίνῃ ἥτις ἀπῄτησεν κατὰ ἀσφάλειαν τετελειωμένην διὰ τοῦ ἐν Θεογονίδι γραφείου τῶι ὀγδόωι ἔτει Τραιανοῦ Καίσαρος
ἐτῶν λ οὐλὴ γόνατι ἀριστερῷ … ονους με … συνῆρσθαι τὴν προς ἀλλήλους συνβίωσιν ἥτις αὐτοῖς συνειστήκει ἀπὸ συνγραφῆς ὁμολογίας τετελειωμένης διὰ τοῦ ἐν Τεπτύνει γραφείου ἐν τοῖς ἔμπροσθεν
Ἁδριανοῦ Ἀντωνίνου Σεβαστοῦ Εὐσεβοῦς τύχην ἐργάσεσθαι ἐν τῷ προκιμένῳ δρυμῷ ἀπὸ τῆς ὑπογεγραμμένης ἡμέρας, ἥτις ἐστὶν ἡ πέμπτη τοῦ ἐνεστῶτος μηνὸς Φαρμοῦθι καὶ παραστήσειν τὸν μὲν Ζεναμοῦνιν τὰ ἑαυτοῦ
δέ (de) is a post-positive particle in Greek, primarily used as a conjunction to connect clauses. It can express contrast (but, on the other hand) or continuation (and, also), and is often used to transition between ideas or to add emphasis. In the New Testament, it appears frequently in various contexts, such as contrasting statements or resuming interrupted discourse, with notable examples in Matthew and 2 Corinthians.
δέ (before vowels δ’; on the general neglect of the elision in NT, v. WH, App., 146; Tdf., Pr., 96),
post-positive conjunctive particle;
copulative, but, in the next place, and, now (Abbott, JG, 104): Mt 1:2ff., II Co 6:15, 16, II Pe 1:5-7; in repetition for emphasis, Ro 3:21, 22, 9:30, I Co 2:6, Ga 2:2, Phl 2:8; in transition to something new, Mt 1:18 2:19, Lk 13:1, Jo 7:14, Ac 6:1, Read the full entry →
δέ (related to δή, as μέν to μήν, ef. Klotz ad Devar. ii. 2 p. 355), a particle adversative, distinctive, disjunctive, but, moreover, (W.§ 53, 7 and 10, 2); it is much more freq. in the historical parts of the N. T. than in the other books, very rare in the Epp. of John and the Apocalypse. {On its general neglect of elision (when the next word begins with a vowel) cf. Tdf. Proleg. p. 96; WH. App. Ῥ 146; W.§5,1a.; B. p.10sq.] It is used ἘΠ ΟἹ δὲ univ. by way of opposition and distinction; it is added to statements opp. to a preceding statement: ἐὰν yap ἀφῆτε... ἐὰν δὲ μὴ ἀφῆτε, Mt. vi. 14 sq.; ἐὰν de ὁ ὀφθαλμὸς κτλ. Mt. vi. 23; ἐλεύσονται δὲ ἡμέραι, Mk. ii. 20; it opposes persons to persons or things previously mentioned or thought of, —either with strong emphasis: ἐγὼ δέ, Mt. v. 22, 28, 32, 34, 39,44; ἡμεῖς de, 1 Co. i. 23; 2 Co. x. 13; σὺ δέ, Mt. vi. 6; ὑμεῖς δέ, Mk. viii. 29; of δὲ…
Read the full entry →δεῖ. For the conjunctive, as in Mt 26%, cf. P Fay 109° (early i/A.D.) ἐάν σε δῇ (for δέῃ) τὸ εἱμάτιόν σου θεῖναι ἐνέχυρον. “even if you have to pawn your cloak” (Edd.). In P Tebt I. 585° (B.c. 111) we have ἐάν followed by the indicative— ἐὰν δεῖ σε συνπεσεῖν τῶι ᾿Ανικήτωι, σύνπεσαι, ‘if you must meet Anicetus, meet him” (Edd.): cf. Mayser G7. p. 325. Other examples of the verb are l’ Par 461® (B.C. 153) διὸ Kal ἡγούμενος δεῖν ἐπ᾿ ἄλλου μὲν μηθενὸς αὐτῶι διακριθῆναι» P Lille I. 267 (iii.B.c.) περὶ (corr. from πεερὶ) δὲ τούτου τοῦ μέρους δεήσει ἐπισχεῖν, P Tebt 11. 3414 (A.p. 140-1) δεήσι ἐπισταλῆναι εἰς δάνε[ι]α σπέρματα κατασπίο]ρᾶς KTA., “ΕἼ will be necessary to send on account of loans of seedcorn for the sowing,” etc., AécheZ 1001" © (Theran Doric —c. B.C. 200) no one may bring forward a proposal ὡς δεείσῃ διαλῦσαι τὸ κοινὸν εἰ τὰς θυσίας, P Flor II. 133" (A.D. 257) ἔδι μὲν ὑμᾶς μηδὲ…
Read the full entry →δέ (de) — then.
δέ,
but: adversative and copulative Particle,
I. answering to μέν (which see), τὴν νῦν μὲν Βοιωτίαν, πρότερον δὲ Καδμηίδα γῆν καλουμένην [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II. without preceding μέν,
II.1. adversative, expressing distinct opposition, αἰεί τοι τὰ κάκ᾽ ἐστὶ φίλα.. μαντεύεσθαι, ἐσθλὸν δ᾽ οὔτε τί πω εἶπας[Refs 5th c.BC+]; so in Prose, οὐκ ἐπὶ κακῷ, ἐλευθερώσει δέ.. [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.2. copulative,
II.2. a in explanatory clauses, ξυνέβησαν.. τὰ μακρὰ τείχη ἑλεῖν (ἦν δὲ σταδίων μάλιστα ὀκτώ) [Refs 8th c.BC+]: when a substantive is followed by words in apposition, Ἀρισταγόρῃ τῷ Μιλησίῳ, δούλῳ δὲ ἡμετέρῳ [Refs 5th c.BC+]; so in answers, διπλᾶ λέγειν. —Answ. διπλᾶδ᾽ ὁρᾶν…
δέ
de
a primary particle (adversative or continuative); but, and,
etc.:--also, and, but, moreover, now (often unexpressed in English).
δέ
Cj.
but, on the other hand, and
δέ de 2x
a conjunctive particle, marking the superaddition of a clause, whether in opposition or in continuation, to what has preceded, and it may be variously rendered but, on the other hand, and, also, now, etc.; καὶ δέ, when there is a special superaddition in continuation, too, yea, etc. It sometimes is found at the commencement of the apodosis of a sentence, Acts 11:17. It serves also to mark the resumption of an interrupted discourse, 2 Cor. 2:10; Gal. 2:6
δέ but: conjunctive Particle, with adversative force: it commonly answers to μέν, and may often be rendered by while, whereas, on the other hand, v. μέν:— but μέν is often omitted, δέ being used merely to pass on from one thing to another; ὣς Ἀχιλεὺς θάμβησεν, θάμβησαν δὲ καὶ ἄλλοι Il.; etc.; κινεῖ κραδίην κινεῖ δὲ χόλον Eur.
δέ is often redundant,
to introduce the apodosis, where it may be rendered by then, yet, εἰ δέ κε μὴ δώωσιν, ἐγὼ δέ κεν αὐτὸς ἕλωμαι if they will not give it, then I will take it, Il.; so at in Lat., si tu oblitus es, at Dii meminerint Catull.
to resume after interruption caused by a parenthesis, where it may be rendered by I say, now, so then, Hdt.
POSITION of δέ: properly second, being often put between the Art. and Subst., the prep. and case.
Conj — Conjunctionconjunction — it joins clauses, and never changes form.
CONJ CONJunction or conjunctive particle
2,937 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 15 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 2,787 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
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what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
2 inflected forms — one of the commonest words in the New Testament. Full distribution →
The Greek word ὑψόω (hupsoo) means to lift up or elevate, both literally and metaphorically. It appears in various contexts in the New Testament, such as in John 3:14 and Matthew 11:23, often conveying the idea of exalting or uplifting. The word is derived from ὕψος and is contrasted with ταπεινῶ, meaning to humble.
ὑψόω, -ῶ
(< ὕψος),
[in LXX chiefly for רוּם, also for גָּבַהּ, נָשָׂא, etc. ;]
ὑψόω, “lift,” “raise up”: P Leid W*! (ji/iii a.p.) (=IIp. 115) κατὰ πρόσθεσιν τῶν φωτῶν ὑψωθέντων, 7).xi 49 (= p. 123) τοῦ δὲ φανέντος ἐκύρτανεν ἡ γῆ καὶ ὑψώθη πολλοι (2. πολλοῦ), “᾿ hoc autem (dracone) apparente curvavit se terra et elevata est multum”’ (Ed.).
ὑψόω (hupsoō) — to lift up.
ὑψόω,
lift high, raise up, [Refs 6th c.AD+]:—middle, τάφον ὑψώσαντο [Refs 7th c.BC+]:—passive, μάκελλος ἐκ θεμελίων ὑψοῦτο [Refs 1st c.BC+]
II. metaphorically, elevate, exalt, opposed to ταπεινόω, [LXX+2nd c.BC+]; πονοῦντα τὸν ἴδιον ὑψῶσαι βίον [[Refs 4th c.BC+]:—passive, to be exalted, μὴ ὑψωθῇς τῇ καρδίᾳ [LXX+1st c.AD+]; ἐκ ποδὸς ὑψεύμενοι, of suddenly exalted persons, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.2. represent in the 'grand manner', [Refs 3rd c.AD+]
II.3. passive, Astron., of planets, mount to the north of the ecliptic, Theo Sm.p.135 H.
II.4. passive, Astrology texts, of planets, attain exaltation, i.e. maximum appotelesmatic efficacy, [Refs 2nd c.AD+]
ὑψόω
hupsoo
from 5311; to elevate (literally or figuratively):--exalt, lift up.
see GREEK for 5311
ὑψόω
v.
I lift up, exalt
ὑψόω ὕψος to lift high, raise up, Batr., Anth.: Mid. to raise for oneself, Anth.
metaph. to elevate, exalt, NTest.
Verb-FAI-3S — Verb · future · active · indicative · third person · singularfuture active indicative — an action still to come.
V-FAI-3S Part of Speech: Verb Tense: Future Voice: Active Mood: Indicative Person: third Number: Singular
eg-zolt' (rum, gabhah (mappiq he), nasa'; hupsoo):
The Hebrew word most often translated "exalt," "exalted," is rum; "to lift up," "to be or become high." It is used with reference to both God and man, eg. Ex 15:2, "My father's God, and I will exalt him"; Ps 99:5,9, "Exalt ye Yahweh our God"; compare 107:32; 118:28; 1Sa 2:10, "Exalt the horn of his anointed"; Job 17:4, "Therefore shalt thou not exalt them"; compare Isa 13:2 the King James Version; 14:13; gabhah, "to be high," figuratively "to be exalted," occurs in Job 36:7;
20 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 14 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 20 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Counted over the 110 Old Testament verses where this Greek word stands: which Hebrew word keeps standing there too. A correspondence of verses rather than a word-by-word alignment, so read the percentage as strength of evidence, not as a claim about any single verse.
οὐ διήμαρτον, ἀλλ’ „οἶδα, τέκνον, οἶδα, καὶ οὗτος ἔσται εἰς λαὸν καὶ οὗτος ὑψωθήσεται, ἀλλ’ ὁ ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ ὁ νεώτερος μείζων αὐτοῦ ἔσται“ (Gen.
τοῦ ἱερέως· συνέβαλεν εν οὖν αὐτῷ ὁ ἀδελφός σου περὶ τούτου καὶ λίαν αὐτὸ ὕψωσεν, ὥστε τὸν ἱερέα λέγειν, ὅτι οὐκ ἔτι αὐτὸ θεοῖς μέλεται. μετὰ τὸ οὖν
The Greek word ἑαυτοῦ (i.e., *heautou*) is a reflexive pronoun meaning 'of himself, herself, itself,' and is used primarily in the third person. It appears in various contexts throughout the New Testament, often indicating actions done by a subject to themselves or emphasizing possession. Additionally, it can serve as a reciprocal pronoun in plural forms, indicating mutual actions among individuals.
ἑαυτοῦ, -ῆς, -οῦ, dat. -ῷ, etc., acc. -όν, etc., pi. -ῶν, etc. (Att. contr. αὑτοῦ, etc);
reflex pron.;
prop, of 3rd person (Lat. sui, sibi, se), of himself, herself, itself, etc.: Mt 27:42, Mk 15:31, Lk 23:35, al.; added to a middle verb, διεμερίσαντο ἑαυτοῖς, Jo 19:24; to an active verb, Ac 14:14 (M, Pr., 157); ἀφ’ ἑαυτοῦ, Lk 12:57 21:30, Jo 5:19, al. (v.s. ἀπό); δι’ ἑαυτοῦ, Ro 14:14; ἐν ἑ., Mt 3:9, Mk 5:30, al.; εἰς ἑ.,
ἑαυτοῦ (heautou) — themself.
ἑαυτοῦ, ῆς, οῦ, ἑαυτῷ, ῇ, ῷ, ἑαυτόν, ήν, ό,
plural ἑαυτῶν, ἑαυτοῖς, ἑαυτούς άς, ά: Ionic dialect ἑωυτοῦ [Refs 5th c.BC+]; also ωὑτῆς [Refs 3rd c.BC+] in Papyrus and Inscrr., as [Refs 1st c.BC+]: Attic dialect contraction αὑτοῦ, etc., which is the usual form in Trag., though ἑαυτοῦ, etc., are used (though rarely) when the metre requires, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; Cretan dialect ϝιαυτοῦ Kohler-Ziebarth Stadtrecht von Gortyn [Refs]; Doric dialect αὐταυτοῦ, αὐσαυτοῦ (which see); Thess. εὑτοῦ (dative), [Refs]: genitive plural ηὑτῶν [Refs]:—reflexive pronoun of 3rd pers., of himself, herself, itself, etc.; first in [Refs 7th c.BC+], and Attic dialect [Refs 8th c.BC+] itself by itself, absolutely, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; αὐτὸ ἐφ᾽ αὑτοῦ[Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀφ᾽ ἑαυτῶν, ἑαυτοῦ, of themselves, himself, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐφ᾽ ἑαυτοῦ, see at…
Read the full entry →ἑαυτοῦ, ῆς, οῦ
Refl.pr.
himself, herself, itself
ἑαυτοῦ heautou 319x
himself, herself, itself, Mt. 8:22; 12:26; 9:21; also used for the first and second persons, Rom. 8:23; Mt. 23:31; also equivalent to ἀλλήλων, Mk. 10:26; Jn. 12:19; ἀφ’ ἑαυτοῦ, ἀφ’ ἑαυτῶν, of himself, themselves, voluntarily, spontaneously, Lk. 12:57; 21:30; of one’s own will merely, Jn. 5:19; δι’ ἑαυτοῦ, of itself, in its own nature, Rom. 14:14; ἐξ ἑαυτῶν, of one’s own self, 2 Cor.…
Read the full entry →ἑαυτοῦ reflex. Pron. of 3rd pers., Lat. sui, sibi, se, of himself, herself, itself, etc.; first in Hdt. and attic; Hom. has ἕο αὐτοῦ, οἷ αὐτῷ, ἑ αὐτόν:—αὐτὸ ἐφ᾽ ἑαυτό itself by itself, absolutely, Plat.; so τὸ ἐφ᾽ ἑαυτόν Thuc.; αὐτὸ καθ᾽ αὑτό Plat.;— ἀφ᾽ ἑαυτοῦ of himself, Thuc., etc.; ἐν ἑαυτοῦ, ἐντὸς ἑαυτοῦ, Lat. sui compos: — παρ᾽ ἑαυτῷ at his own house, Xen.; often with comp. and Sup., ἐγένοντο ἀμείνονες αὐτοὶ ἑωυτῶν they surpassed themselves, Hdt.; πλουσιώτεροι ἑαυτῶν, i. e. continually richer, Thuc.
in attic αὑτοῦ, sometimes for 1st or 2nd pers., Aesch., Soph.
F-3ASM — Reflexive pronoun · third person · accusative · singular · masculineaccusative — the one it is done to — the object.
Agrees with anything else marked singular masculine.
F-3ASM Part of Speech: reFlexive pronoun Person: third Case: Accusative Number: Singular Gender: Masculine
331 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 21 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 320 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Every reference is on the Strong's page.
τὸ δὲ παθητὸν ἄψυχον καὶ ἀκίνητον ἐξ ἑαυτοῦ, κινηθὲν δὲ καὶ σχηματισθὲν καὶ ψυχωθὲν ὑπὸ τοῦ νοῦ μετέβαλεν εἰς τὸ τελειότατον ἔργον, τόνδε τὸν κόσμον·
ἰστέον οὖν, ὅτι πάντων ἐκεῖνος ἀναγκαιότατον ἡγήσατο τῷ καὶ τὸν ἑαυτοῦ μέλλοντι βίον οἰκονομήσειν καλῶς καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις νομοθετεῖν θεοῦ πρῶτον φύσιν κατανοῆσαι καὶ τῶν ἔργων τῶν ἐκείνου θεατὴν τῷ νῷ γενόμενον οὕτως παράδειγμα τὸ πάντων ἄριστον…
Ἡμερῶν οὖν οὐσῶν πονηρῶν καὶ αὐτοῦ τοῦ ἐνεργοῦντος ἔχοντος τὴν ἐξουσίαν, ὀφείλομεν ἑαυτοῖς προσέχοντες ἐκζητεῖν τὰ δικαιώματα κυρίου,
καὶ ἡμῖν δὲ γράφοντες ὑπὲρ ὧν αἱρεῖσθε ὡς πᾶν προθυμότερον τελεωθησόμενον, ἐπιμελόμενοι δὲ καὶ ἑαυτῶν ἵνʼ ὑγιαίνητε. ἔρρωσθε. ἔτους ιδ τοῦ καὶ ια, Παῦνι ιε
κζ μέση μελίχρως λεύκωμα ὀφθαλμόν, μακροπρόσωπος εὐθύρριν αἱ τρεῖς τῶν Ψεμμίνιος μετὰ κυρίου τοῦ ἑαυτῶν ἀδελφοῦ Παχνούβιος τοῦ προγεγραμμένου καὶ συνπωλουμένου, ἀπὸ τῆς ὑπαρχούσης αὐτοῖς πατρικῆς γῆς ἠπείρου σιτοφόρου
πυρὸν τοῖς παρʼ ἡμῶν. διʼ ἄλλων γεγράφαμεν ὑμῖν ὑπὲρ ὧν βουλόμεθα μηδεμιᾶς προσφωνήσεως προσπεπτωκυίας. ἑαυτῶν δὲ ἐπιμελόμενοι ἵνʼ ὑγιαίνητε, — ἔσμεν ἐν Πτολεμαίδι. ἔρρωσθε. ἔτους ιϛ, Θωῦθ η.
ταπεινόω is built from the root meaning 'low' and primarily means to humble or abase oneself. It covers both literal and metaphorical uses, such as lowering in status or condition, and is often used in a moral sense in the New Testament. Key verses include Matthew 18:4 and Philippians 2:8, where it emphasizes humility and self-abasement.
ταπεινόω, -ὥ ; fut. ταπεινώσω ; 1 aor. ἐταπείνωσα ; Pass., pres. ταπεινοῦμαι; 1 aor. ἐταπεινώθην; 1 fut. ταπεινωθήσομαι; (ταπεινός); to make low, bring low, (Vulg. humilio) ; a. prop.: ὄρος, βουνόν, i.e. to level, reduce to a plain, pass. Lk. iii. 5 fr. Is. xl. 4. b. metaph. to bring into a humble condition, reduce to meaner circumstances ; i. 6. a. to assign a lower rank or place to ; to abase ; τινά, pass., to be ranked below others who are honored or rewarded [R. V. to humble]: Mt. xxiii. 12; Lk. xiv. 11; xviii. 14. B. ταπεινῶ ἐμαυτόν, to humble or abase myself, by frugal living, 2 Co. xi. 7; in pass. of one who submits to want, Phil. iv. 12; ἑαυτόν, of one who stoops to the condition of a servant, Phil. ii. 8. c. to lower, depress, [Eng. humble]: τινά, one’s soul, bring down one’s pride ; ἐμαυτόν, to have a modest opinion of one’s self, to behave in an unassuming manner devoid of…
Read the full entry →ταπεινόω, “‘make low,” is generally used metaphorically in the NT = ‘“‘humble.” By way of illustration we may again refer to the Jewish prayers cited s.v. ταλαίπωρος, where it is said with regard to God, 198. ὧι πᾶσα ψυχὴ ἐν τῇ σήμερον ἡμέραι ταπεινοῦτα[ι] μεθ᾽ ἱκετείας, a phrase strikingly recalling Lev 23°°, and pointing, according to Deissmann LAE? p. 419, to a day not only of prayer, but of fasting. The literal sense of the verb (cf. Lk 3° LXX) comes out well in Diod. i. 36 καθ᾽ ἡμέραν. ταπεινοῦται, with reference to the ‘‘ falling” of the Nile: it ‘runs low.
ταπεινόω (tapeinoō) — to humble.
τᾰπειν-όω,
lower, in point of height, reduce, σπλῆνα (swollen spleen) [Refs 1st c.AD+]:—passive, πᾶν ὄρος ταπεινωθήσεται [LXX+5th c.BC+]; of a plant, decrease in size, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; of rivers, [Refs 1st c.BC+]; Astrology texts, of a planet, suffer dejection, [Refs 2nd c.AD+]
II. metaphorically, lessen, τὸν φθόνον [Refs 5th c.BC+]; disparage, minimize, [Refs 2nd c.BC+]:—passive, to be lowered or lessened, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.2. humble, abase, [Refs 5th c.BC+]:—passive, ταπεινωθεὶς ἕπεται [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.2. b violate a woman, [LXX]
II.3. in moral sense, make lowly, humble, ἑαυτόν [NT+1st c.BC+]:—passive, humble oneself, τὴν θεὸν ἐξιλάσαντο τῷ ταπεινοῦσθαι σφόδρα [NT+4th c.BC+]
ταπεινόω
tapeinoo
from 5011; to depress; figuratively, to humiliate (in condition or
heart):--abase, bring low, humble (self).
see GREEK for 5011
ταπεινόω
v.
I humble, humiliate
ταπεινόω tapeinoō 14x
to bring low, depress, level, Lk. 3:5; met. to humble, abase, Phil. 2:8; mid. to descend to, or live in, a humble condition, 2 Cor. 11:7; Phil. 4:12; to humble, depress the pride of, any one, Mt. 18:4; mid. to humble one’s self, exhibit humility and contrition, Jas. 4:10; 1 Pet. 5:6; to humble with respect to hopes and expectations, to depress with disappointment, Mt. 23:12; Lk.…
Read the full entry →ταπεινόω τα^πεινόω, φυτ. -ώσω ταπεινός to lower:—Pass., πᾶν ὄρος ταπεινωθήσεται NTest.
metaph. to lessen, τὸν φθόνον Plut.: to disparage, Polyb.
to humble, abase, Xen., Aeschin.:—Pass., Plat., Xen.
in moral sense, to make lowly, to humble, NTest.:—Pass. to humble oneself, id. NTest.
Verb-FPI-3S — Verb · future · passive · indicative · third person · singularfuture passive indicative — an action still to come.
V-FPI-3S Part of Speech: Verb Tense: Future Voice: Passive Mood: Indicative Person: third Number: Singular
14 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 8 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 14 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Counted over the 94 Old Testament verses where this Greek word stands: which Hebrew word keeps standing there too. A correspondence of verses rather than a word-by-word alignment, so read the percentage as strength of evidence, not as a claim about any single verse.
ταπεινὸν δὲ ἡ δειλία, ἡ δὲ ἀνδρεία ταπεινώσει καὶ δειλίᾳ πολέμιον.
τῶν ἱερογραμματέων τις, καὶ γάρ εἰσι δεινοὶ περὶ τῶν μελλόντων τὴν ἀλήθειαν εἰπεῖν, ἀγγέλλει τῷ βασιλεῖ τεχθήσεσθαί τινα κατʼ ἐκεῖνον τὸν καιρὸν τοῖς Ἰσραηλίταις, ὃς ταπεινώσει μὲν τὴν Αἰγυπτίων ἡγεμονίαν, αὐξήσει δὲ τοὺς Ἰσραηλίτας τραφεὶς ἀρετῇ τε…
λέγει δὲ οὕτως καὶ ὁ προφήτης: Βασιλεῖαι δέκα ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς βασιλεύσουσιν, καὶ ἐξαναστήσεται ὄπισθεν μικρὸς βασιλεύς, ὃς ταπεινώσει τρεῖς ὑφ̓ ἓν τῶν βασιλέων.
r … … … τον δεσπότην μου καὶ μετὰ τῶν ταπεινῶν συν… ων μου τέκνων ὑπεύχομαι ἐλεῆσαί με καὶ παραχωρῆσαί μοι ἐκ τῶν κερατίων λϛ,
θεοφιλεστάτων ἀδελφῶν τῷ ἐμῷ ἀγαθῷ δεσπότῃ, καὶ παρακαλῶ τὸν ἐμὸν δεσπότην μνησθῆναι τῇ ἐμῇ ταπεινώσει ἐν ταῖς πανοσίαις καὶ εὐπροσδέκταις εὐχαῖς τῷ ἐμῷ ἀγαθῷ δεσπότῃ, ἄχρι ἀξιώσῃ με ὁ
τὸ δὲ παιδίον μου παρεκράτησεν ὁ κάκιστος Ἱερημίας, ἀφῆκεν αὐτὸ ἐκτὸς τοῦ ἐμοῦ θηλάσματος, ταπεινῶν αὐτὸ διόλου μέχρι απε … πείσματα αὐτοῦ οὐκ ἐποιης … διὸ παρακαλῶ ἐνορκίζουσα τὸ
καί (kai) is a conjunction meaning 'and,' used to connect words, phrases, and clauses. It serves various functions, including copulative and adjunctive uses, and can express cumulative ideas like 'also' or 'even.' The New Testament frequently employs it to link terms and sentences, as seen in verses like Matthew 2:18 and John 10:3. Abbott-Smith notes its use in both simple and complex structures, while Thayer emphasizes its role as the most common particle in the New Testament.
καί, a conj., and; the most freq. by far of all the particles in the N. T. [On its uses see W. § 53, 3sqq.; B. 361 (310) sqq., and ef. Ellicott on Phil. iv. 12; on the difference between it and τέ see 8. v. τέ ad init. ] I. It serves as a copulative i.e. to connect (Lat. et, atque, Germ. und) ; 1. it connects single words or terms: a. univ., as of Φαρισαῖοι καὶ Σαδδουκαῖοι, Mt. xvi. 1; ὁ θεὸς καὶ πατήρ, he who is God and Father (see θεός, 3); ἐν καρδίᾳ καλῇ καὶ ἀγαθῇ, Lk. viii. 15; πολυμερῶς καὶ πολυτρόπως, ΗΘ}. 1. 1; it is repeated before single terms, to each of which its own force and weight is thus given: ἡ υἱοθεσία καὶ ἡ δόξα καὶ ai διαθῆκαι καὶ ἡ νομοθεσία καὶ ἡ λατρεία καὶ αἱ ἐπαγγελίαι, Ro. ix. 4 ; ἁγία καὶ δικαία καὶ ἀγαθή, Ro. vii. 12; add, Mt. xxiii. 23; Lk. xiv. 21; Jn. xvi. 8; Acts xv. 20, 29; xxi. 25; Heb. ix. 10; Rey. v. 12; xviii. 12 sq.; ef. W. 519 sq. (484). b. it…
Read the full entry →και. In LAE p. 129 ff. Deissmann discusses the thoroughly popular character of the Johannine style with its short paratactic sentences, introduced by kal. . . καί. To illustrate this, he cites amongst other exx. a Dream from the Serapeum, P Par 51 (B.C. 160) (= Selections, p. 18 ff. : see especially the amended readings in Archiv vi. p. 204), which runs—** ὦμ[ην] βατί -- δ)ίζειν pe [ἀπ]ὸ λειβὸς ἕως ἀ[ πηλι]ώτου, καὶ ἀναπίπτομαι ἐπ᾿ ἄχυρον" καὶ [ἄν]θρωπ[ος9] ἀπὸ λιβός μου, ἐχόμενός μου’ ἀναπίπτει καὶ αὐτός, καὶ ὥσπερ κεκλειμμ[évot] μου ἦσαν οἱ ὀφθαλμοί μου, καὶ ἐξαί[φνης] ἀνύγω τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς pov, καὶ ὁρῶ kTA., “ I dreamed that I was going from West to East, and I lie down upon chaff. And there | αὐτὸ (deleted in the original) Σεμφθεῖ. | ἐκ καινῆς ἐν Σομολ(ῶ)…
Read the full entry →καί (kai) — and.
καί,
conjunction, copulative, joining words and sentences,
__A and; also adverb, even, also, just, frequently expressing emphatic assertion or assent, corresponding as positive to the negative οὐ (μή) or οὐδέ (μηδέ). copulative, and,
__A.I joining words or sentences to those preceding, ἦ, καὶ κυανέῃσιν ἐπ᾽ ὀφρύσινεῦσε Κρονίων [Refs 8th c.BC+]: repeated with two or more Nouns, αἱ δὲ ἔλαφοι κ. δορκάδες κ. οἱ ἄγριοι οἶες κ. οἱ ὄνοι οἱ ἄγριοι [Refs 5th c.BC+]; joining only the last pair, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; ὁ ὄχλος πλείων κ. πλείων ἐπέρρει more and more, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; to add epithets after πολύς, πολλὰ κ. ἐσθλά [Refs 8th c.BC+]
καί
kai
apparently, a primary particle, having a copulative and sometimes also
a cumulative force; and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in
connection (or composition) with other particles or small words:--and,
also, both, but, even, for, if, or, so, that, then, therefore, when,
yet.
καί
Cj.
and, even, also, namely
καί kai 9x
(1) and, Mt. 2:2, 3, 11; 4:22; (2) καί ... καί, both ... and; (3) as a cumulative particle, also, too, Mt. 5:39; Jn. 8:19; 1 Cor. 11:6; (4) emphatic, even, also, Mt. 10:30; 1 Cor. 2:10; in NT adversative, but, Mt. 11:19; also introductory of the apodosis of a sentence, Gal. 3:28; Jas. 2:4
Conj — Conjunctionconjunction — it joins clauses, and never changes form.
CONJ CONJunction or conjunctive particle
9,477 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 42 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 8,978 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
3 inflected forms — one of the commonest words in the New Testament. Full distribution →
Τῶν ἄλλων νομοθετῶν οἱ μὲν ἀκαλλώπιστα καὶ γυμνὰ τὰ νομισθέντα παρ’ αὐτοῖς εἶναι δίκαια διετάξαντο, οἱ δὲ πολὺν ὄγκον τοῖς νοήμασι προσπεριβαλόντες ἐξετύφωσαν τὰ πλήθη μυθικοῖς πλάσμασι τὴν ἀλήθειαν ἐπικρύψαντες.
ἡ τοῦ κόσμου σύστασις καὶ διάταξις τῶν στοιχείων.
Χαίρετε, υἱοὶ καὶ θυγατέρες, ἐν ὀνόματι κυρίου τοῦ ἀγαπήσαντος ἡμᾶς, ἐν εἰρήνῃ.
r βασιλεύοντος Πτολεμαίου τοῦ ἐπικαλουμένου Ἀλεξάνδρου καὶ Βερενίκης τῆς ἀδελφῆς θεῶν Φιλομητόρων ἔτους ιε, ἐφʼ ἱερέων καὶ ἱερειῶν καὶ κανηφόρου τῶν
1 ἔτους ιζ Θῶυθ κη ἀπέδοτο Πετεσοῦχος Φίβιος καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ τὸ ὕπαρχον αὐτοῖς ἥμισυ περιστερῶνος τοῦ ὄντος ἐν τῶι ἀπὸ βορρᾶ μέρει
βασιλευόντων Πτολεμαίου τοῦ ἐπικαλουμένου Ἀλεξάνδρου καὶ Βερενίκης τῆς ἀδελφῆς θεῶν φιλομητόρων ἔτους ιϛ, ἐφʼ ἱερέων καὶ ἱερειῶν καὶ κανηφόρου τῶν
The Greek word ὅστις (i.e., *hostis*) is a relative pronoun meaning 'whoever' or 'whosoever.' It is used in the New Testament primarily in general statements and relative sentences, often indicating an indefinite person or thing. The word is built from the components for 'who' and 'any.' Notably, there is some distinction in usage between ὅστις and its simpler form ὅς, particularly in the writings of Paul compared to Luke.
ὅστις, ἥτις, ὅ τι (also written ὅ, τι and ὅτι; v. LS, s.v.; WH, § 411; Tdf., Pr., 111), in NT scarcely ever except in nom. (M, Pr., 91), the only instance of the oblique cases being found in ἕως ὅτου (v.s. ἕως), relative of indef. reference (related to simple ὅς as Lat. quisquis to qui),
whoever, anyone who;
of an indef. person or thing: in general statements, Mt 5:39, 41 13:12, and freq., Lk 14:27, Ga 5:4, al.; in relative sentences, Mt 7:26, Lk 15:7, Phl 3:7, al.; πᾶς ὅ., c. indic., Mt 7:24 10:32; ὅ ἄν (ἐάν), c. subjc.,
ὅστις, ἥτις, ὅ,τι (separated by a hypodiastole [comma], to distinguish it from ὅτε; but L T Tr write 6 τι, without a hypodiastole [ef. Td. Proleg. p. 111], leaving a little space between 6 and τι; [WH ὅτι]; cf. W. 46 (45 sq.); [Lipsius, Gramm. Untersuch. p. 118 sq.; WH. Intr. § 4117), gen. οὕτινος (but of the oblique cases only the acc. neut. ὅ,τι and the gen. ὅτου, in the phrase ἕως ὅτου, are found in the N. T.), [fr. Hom. down], comp. of és and tis, hence prop. any one who; i.e. 1. whoever, every one who: ὅστις simply, in the sing. chiefly at the beginning of a sentence in general propositions, esp. in Matt. ; w. an indic. pres., Mt. xiii. 12 (twice); Mk. viii. 34 (where L Tr WH εἴ τις); Lk. xiv. 27; neut. Mt. xviii. 28 Rec.; w. a fut., Mt. v. 39 [RG Trmrg.], 41; xxiii. 12, ete.; Jas. ii. 10 RG; plur. οἵτινες, whosoever (all those who): w. indic. pres., Mk. iv. 20; Lk. viii. 15; Gal.…
Read the full entry →ὅστις. The classical distinction between ὅστις and ὅς which in the NT is maintained on the whole in Paul, but not in Luke (nor in the LXX, Thackeray ΟἿ". i. p. 192), has worn very thin in the papyri. Thus with Mt 2753 a/. we may compare i P Oxy I. 1104 (an invitation to dinner—ii/a.D.) αὔριον, ἥτις
ὅστις (hostis, hētis) — who/which.
ὅστις, ἥτις, ὅ τι
(sometimes written ὅ, τι to distinct it from ὅτι, that): [Refs 8th c.BC+] has also the masculine collateral form ὅτις [Refs 8th c.BC+] and Ionic dialect and [Refs 4th c.AD+] and the neuter ὅττι [Refs 8th c.BC+]—In some forms only the second part is inflected, i.e. genitive ὅτου [Refs 5th c.BC+], Epic dialect ὅττεο [Refs 8th c.BC+][same place], contraction ὅττευ [Refs 8th c.BC+]; perhaps also in Ionic dialect, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Epic dialect ὅτεῳ [Refs 8th c.BC+], and as disyllable, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Epic dialect accusative ὅτινα [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Delph. dative ὅτινι [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; neuter ὅτινα [Refs 8th c.BC+], Attic dialect ὅτων [Refs 8th c.BC+], Attic dialect ὅτοισι [Refs 8th c.BC+], Aeolic dialect ὄττινας [Refs 7th c.BC+]: of the forms with double inflexion [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ᾧτινι first in [Refs 8th c.BC+]…
Read the full entry →ὅστις
hostis
hetis hay'-tis, and the neuter
ho,ti hot'-ee
from 3739 and 5100; which some, i.e. any that; also (definite) which
same:--X and (they), (such) as, (they) that, in that they,
what(-soever), whereas ye, (they) which, who(-soever). Compare 3754.
see GREEK for 3739
see GREEK for 5100
see GREEK for 3754
ὅστις, ἥτις, ὅτι
Rel.pr.
whosoever, whichsoever, whatsoever
ὅστις any one who, anything which, i. e. whosoever, whichsoever, differing from ὅς, as Lat. quisquis, from qui, Hom., etc.; ὅντινα κιχείη whomsoever he caught, Il.; ὅτις κ ἐπίορκον ὀμόσσῃ whoso forswears himself, id. Il., etc.: —ἔστιν ὅστις, Lat. est qui, often with a negat., οὐκ ἔστιν ὅτῳ μείζονα μοῖραν νείμαιμ᾽ there is no one to whom I would give more, Aesch., etc.: —οὐδὲν ὅ τι οὐ everything, Hdt.
hardly different from ὅς, who, βωμόν, ὅστις νῦν ἔξω τῆς πόλεώς ἐστι the altar, which . . , Thuc.
in indirect questions, ξεῖνος ὅδ᾽, οὐκ οἶδ᾽ ὅστις Od.:—in dialogue, when the person questioned repeats the question asked by τίς, as οὗτος τί ποιεῖς; Answ. ὅ τι ποιῶ; [you ask] what I'm doing?…
Read the full entry →Rel-NSM — Relative pronoun · nominative · singular · masculinenominative — the one doing it — the subject.
Agrees with anything else marked singular masculine.
R-NSM Part of Speech: Relative pronoun Case: Nominative Number: Singular Gender: Masculine
145 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 13 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 140 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Every reference is on the Strong's page.
εἰ γοῦν οἱ ἀπὸ μονάδος ἄχρι τετράδος ἑξῆς συντεθεῖεν ἀριθμοί, δεκάδα γεννήσουσιν, ἥτις ὅρος τῆς ἀπειρίας τῶν ἀριθμῶν ἐστι, περὶ ὃν ὡς καμπτῆρα εἱλοῦνται καὶ ἀνακάμπτουσι.
εἰσὶ δʼ οἵτινες ἐβιάσθησαν ὑπʼ αὐτῆς τῆς τῶν πραγμάτων ἀνάγκης οἷς πραττομένοις παρέτυχον ταῦτα γραφῇ δηλούσῃ περιλαβεῖν·
τὸ οὖν χοιρίον πρὸς τοῦτο εἶπεν: οὐ κολληθήσῃ φησίν, ἀνθρώποις τοιούτοις, οἵτινές εἰσιν ὅμοιοι χοίρων: τουτέστιν ὅταν σπαταλῶσιν, ἐπιλανθάνονται τοῦ κυρίου, ὅταν δὲ ὑστεροῦνται, ἐπιγινώσκουσιν τὸν κύριον, ὡς καὶ ὁ χοῖρος ὅταν τρώγει τὸν κύριον οὐκ…
τοὺς τόκους ἃ ὤφειλεν ἡ Θαῆσις τῇ τῶν δύο Ἡρακλείδου καὶ Ἀπίας ἀδελφῆι Ἡρωδιαίνῃ ἥτις ἀπῄτησεν κατὰ ἀσφάλειαν τετελειωμένην διὰ τοῦ ἐν Θεογονίδι γραφείου τῶι ὀγδόωι ἔτει Τραιανοῦ Καίσαρος
ἐτῶν λ οὐλὴ γόνατι ἀριστερῷ … ονους με … συνῆρσθαι τὴν προς ἀλλήλους συνβίωσιν ἥτις αὐτοῖς συνειστήκει ἀπὸ συνγραφῆς ὁμολογίας τετελειωμένης διὰ τοῦ ἐν Τεπτύνει γραφείου ἐν τοῖς ἔμπροσθεν
Ἁδριανοῦ Ἀντωνίνου Σεβαστοῦ Εὐσεβοῦς τύχην ἐργάσεσθαι ἐν τῷ προκιμένῳ δρυμῷ ἀπὸ τῆς ὑπογεγραμμένης ἡμέρας, ἥτις ἐστὶν ἡ πέμπτη τοῦ ἐνεστῶτος μηνὸς Φαρμοῦθι καὶ παραστήσειν τὸν μὲν Ζεναμοῦνιν τὰ ἑαυτοῦ
ταπεινόω is built from the root meaning 'low' and primarily means to humble or abase oneself. It covers both literal and metaphorical uses, such as lowering in status or condition, and is often used in a moral sense in the New Testament. Key verses include Matthew 18:4 and Philippians 2:8, where it emphasizes humility and self-abasement.
ταπεινόω, -ὥ ; fut. ταπεινώσω ; 1 aor. ἐταπείνωσα ; Pass., pres. ταπεινοῦμαι; 1 aor. ἐταπεινώθην; 1 fut. ταπεινωθήσομαι; (ταπεινός); to make low, bring low, (Vulg. humilio) ; a. prop.: ὄρος, βουνόν, i.e. to level, reduce to a plain, pass. Lk. iii. 5 fr. Is. xl. 4. b. metaph. to bring into a humble condition, reduce to meaner circumstances ; i. 6. a. to assign a lower rank or place to ; to abase ; τινά, pass., to be ranked below others who are honored or rewarded [R. V. to humble]: Mt. xxiii. 12; Lk. xiv. 11; xviii. 14. B. ταπεινῶ ἐμαυτόν, to humble or abase myself, by frugal living, 2 Co. xi. 7; in pass. of one who submits to want, Phil. iv. 12; ἑαυτόν, of one who stoops to the condition of a servant, Phil. ii. 8. c. to lower, depress, [Eng. humble]: τινά, one’s soul, bring down one’s pride ; ἐμαυτόν, to have a modest opinion of one’s self, to behave in an unassuming manner devoid of…
Read the full entry →ταπεινόω, “‘make low,” is generally used metaphorically in the NT = ‘“‘humble.” By way of illustration we may again refer to the Jewish prayers cited s.v. ταλαίπωρος, where it is said with regard to God, 198. ὧι πᾶσα ψυχὴ ἐν τῇ σήμερον ἡμέραι ταπεινοῦτα[ι] μεθ᾽ ἱκετείας, a phrase strikingly recalling Lev 23°°, and pointing, according to Deissmann LAE? p. 419, to a day not only of prayer, but of fasting. The literal sense of the verb (cf. Lk 3° LXX) comes out well in Diod. i. 36 καθ᾽ ἡμέραν. ταπεινοῦται, with reference to the ‘‘ falling” of the Nile: it ‘runs low.
ταπεινόω (tapeinoō) — to humble.
τᾰπειν-όω,
lower, in point of height, reduce, σπλῆνα (swollen spleen) [Refs 1st c.AD+]:—passive, πᾶν ὄρος ταπεινωθήσεται [LXX+5th c.BC+]; of a plant, decrease in size, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; of rivers, [Refs 1st c.BC+]; Astrology texts, of a planet, suffer dejection, [Refs 2nd c.AD+]
II. metaphorically, lessen, τὸν φθόνον [Refs 5th c.BC+]; disparage, minimize, [Refs 2nd c.BC+]:—passive, to be lowered or lessened, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.2. humble, abase, [Refs 5th c.BC+]:—passive, ταπεινωθεὶς ἕπεται [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.2. b violate a woman, [LXX]
II.3. in moral sense, make lowly, humble, ἑαυτόν [NT+1st c.BC+]:—passive, humble oneself, τὴν θεὸν ἐξιλάσαντο τῷ ταπεινοῦσθαι σφόδρα [NT+4th c.BC+]
ταπεινόω
tapeinoo
from 5011; to depress; figuratively, to humiliate (in condition or
heart):--abase, bring low, humble (self).
see GREEK for 5011
ταπεινόω
v.
I humble, humiliate
ταπεινόω tapeinoō 14x
to bring low, depress, level, Lk. 3:5; met. to humble, abase, Phil. 2:8; mid. to descend to, or live in, a humble condition, 2 Cor. 11:7; Phil. 4:12; to humble, depress the pride of, any one, Mt. 18:4; mid. to humble one’s self, exhibit humility and contrition, Jas. 4:10; 1 Pet. 5:6; to humble with respect to hopes and expectations, to depress with disappointment, Mt. 23:12; Lk.…
Read the full entry →ταπεινόω τα^πεινόω, φυτ. -ώσω ταπεινός to lower:—Pass., πᾶν ὄρος ταπεινωθήσεται NTest.
metaph. to lessen, τὸν φθόνον Plut.: to disparage, Polyb.
to humble, abase, Xen., Aeschin.:—Pass., Plat., Xen.
in moral sense, to make lowly, to humble, NTest.:—Pass. to humble oneself, id. NTest.
Verb-FAI-3S — Verb · future · active · indicative · third person · singularfuture active indicative — an action still to come.
V-FAI-3S Part of Speech: Verb Tense: Future Voice: Active Mood: Indicative Person: third Number: Singular
14 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 8 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 14 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Counted over the 94 Old Testament verses where this Greek word stands: which Hebrew word keeps standing there too. A correspondence of verses rather than a word-by-word alignment, so read the percentage as strength of evidence, not as a claim about any single verse.
ταπεινὸν δὲ ἡ δειλία, ἡ δὲ ἀνδρεία ταπεινώσει καὶ δειλίᾳ πολέμιον.
τῶν ἱερογραμματέων τις, καὶ γάρ εἰσι δεινοὶ περὶ τῶν μελλόντων τὴν ἀλήθειαν εἰπεῖν, ἀγγέλλει τῷ βασιλεῖ τεχθήσεσθαί τινα κατʼ ἐκεῖνον τὸν καιρὸν τοῖς Ἰσραηλίταις, ὃς ταπεινώσει μὲν τὴν Αἰγυπτίων ἡγεμονίαν, αὐξήσει δὲ τοὺς Ἰσραηλίτας τραφεὶς ἀρετῇ τε…
λέγει δὲ οὕτως καὶ ὁ προφήτης: Βασιλεῖαι δέκα ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς βασιλεύσουσιν, καὶ ἐξαναστήσεται ὄπισθεν μικρὸς βασιλεύς, ὃς ταπεινώσει τρεῖς ὑφ̓ ἓν τῶν βασιλέων.
r … … … τον δεσπότην μου καὶ μετὰ τῶν ταπεινῶν συν… ων μου τέκνων ὑπεύχομαι ἐλεῆσαί με καὶ παραχωρῆσαί μοι ἐκ τῶν κερατίων λϛ,
θεοφιλεστάτων ἀδελφῶν τῷ ἐμῷ ἀγαθῷ δεσπότῃ, καὶ παρακαλῶ τὸν ἐμὸν δεσπότην μνησθῆναι τῇ ἐμῇ ταπεινώσει ἐν ταῖς πανοσίαις καὶ εὐπροσδέκταις εὐχαῖς τῷ ἐμῷ ἀγαθῷ δεσπότῃ, ἄχρι ἀξιώσῃ με ὁ
τὸ δὲ παιδίον μου παρεκράτησεν ὁ κάκιστος Ἱερημίας, ἀφῆκεν αὐτὸ ἐκτὸς τοῦ ἐμοῦ θηλάσματος, ταπεινῶν αὐτὸ διόλου μέχρι απε … πείσματα αὐτοῦ οὐκ ἐποιης … διὸ παρακαλῶ ἐνορκίζουσα τὸ
The Greek word ἑαυτοῦ (i.e., *heautou*) is a reflexive pronoun meaning 'of himself, herself, itself,' and is used primarily in the third person. It appears in various contexts throughout the New Testament, often indicating actions done by a subject to themselves or emphasizing possession. Additionally, it can serve as a reciprocal pronoun in plural forms, indicating mutual actions among individuals.
ἑαυτοῦ, -ῆς, -οῦ, dat. -ῷ, etc., acc. -όν, etc., pi. -ῶν, etc. (Att. contr. αὑτοῦ, etc);
reflex pron.;
prop, of 3rd person (Lat. sui, sibi, se), of himself, herself, itself, etc.: Mt 27:42, Mk 15:31, Lk 23:35, al.; added to a middle verb, διεμερίσαντο ἑαυτοῖς, Jo 19:24; to an active verb, Ac 14:14 (M, Pr., 157); ἀφ’ ἑαυτοῦ, Lk 12:57 21:30, Jo 5:19, al. (v.s. ἀπό); δι’ ἑαυτοῦ, Ro 14:14; ἐν ἑ., Mt 3:9, Mk 5:30, al.; εἰς ἑ.,
ἑαυτοῦ (heautou) — themself.
ἑαυτοῦ, ῆς, οῦ, ἑαυτῷ, ῇ, ῷ, ἑαυτόν, ήν, ό,
plural ἑαυτῶν, ἑαυτοῖς, ἑαυτούς άς, ά: Ionic dialect ἑωυτοῦ [Refs 5th c.BC+]; also ωὑτῆς [Refs 3rd c.BC+] in Papyrus and Inscrr., as [Refs 1st c.BC+]: Attic dialect contraction αὑτοῦ, etc., which is the usual form in Trag., though ἑαυτοῦ, etc., are used (though rarely) when the metre requires, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; Cretan dialect ϝιαυτοῦ Kohler-Ziebarth Stadtrecht von Gortyn [Refs]; Doric dialect αὐταυτοῦ, αὐσαυτοῦ (which see); Thess. εὑτοῦ (dative), [Refs]: genitive plural ηὑτῶν [Refs]:—reflexive pronoun of 3rd pers., of himself, herself, itself, etc.; first in [Refs 7th c.BC+], and Attic dialect [Refs 8th c.BC+] itself by itself, absolutely, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; αὐτὸ ἐφ᾽ αὑτοῦ[Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀφ᾽ ἑαυτῶν, ἑαυτοῦ, of themselves, himself, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐφ᾽ ἑαυτοῦ, see at…
Read the full entry →ἑαυτοῦ, ῆς, οῦ
Refl.pr.
himself, herself, itself
ἑαυτοῦ heautou 319x
himself, herself, itself, Mt. 8:22; 12:26; 9:21; also used for the first and second persons, Rom. 8:23; Mt. 23:31; also equivalent to ἀλλήλων, Mk. 10:26; Jn. 12:19; ἀφ’ ἑαυτοῦ, ἀφ’ ἑαυτῶν, of himself, themselves, voluntarily, spontaneously, Lk. 12:57; 21:30; of one’s own will merely, Jn. 5:19; δι’ ἑαυτοῦ, of itself, in its own nature, Rom. 14:14; ἐξ ἑαυτῶν, of one’s own self, 2 Cor.…
Read the full entry →ἑαυτοῦ reflex. Pron. of 3rd pers., Lat. sui, sibi, se, of himself, herself, itself, etc.; first in Hdt. and attic; Hom. has ἕο αὐτοῦ, οἷ αὐτῷ, ἑ αὐτόν:—αὐτὸ ἐφ᾽ ἑαυτό itself by itself, absolutely, Plat.; so τὸ ἐφ᾽ ἑαυτόν Thuc.; αὐτὸ καθ᾽ αὑτό Plat.;— ἀφ᾽ ἑαυτοῦ of himself, Thuc., etc.; ἐν ἑαυτοῦ, ἐντὸς ἑαυτοῦ, Lat. sui compos: — παρ᾽ ἑαυτῷ at his own house, Xen.; often with comp. and Sup., ἐγένοντο ἀμείνονες αὐτοὶ ἑωυτῶν they surpassed themselves, Hdt.; πλουσιώτεροι ἑαυτῶν, i. e. continually richer, Thuc.
in attic αὑτοῦ, sometimes for 1st or 2nd pers., Aesch., Soph.
F-3ASM — Reflexive pronoun · third person · accusative · singular · masculineaccusative — the one it is done to — the object.
Agrees with anything else marked singular masculine.
F-3ASM Part of Speech: reFlexive pronoun Person: third Case: Accusative Number: Singular Gender: Masculine
331 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 21 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 320 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Every reference is on the Strong's page.
τὸ δὲ παθητὸν ἄψυχον καὶ ἀκίνητον ἐξ ἑαυτοῦ, κινηθὲν δὲ καὶ σχηματισθὲν καὶ ψυχωθὲν ὑπὸ τοῦ νοῦ μετέβαλεν εἰς τὸ τελειότατον ἔργον, τόνδε τὸν κόσμον·
ἰστέον οὖν, ὅτι πάντων ἐκεῖνος ἀναγκαιότατον ἡγήσατο τῷ καὶ τὸν ἑαυτοῦ μέλλοντι βίον οἰκονομήσειν καλῶς καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις νομοθετεῖν θεοῦ πρῶτον φύσιν κατανοῆσαι καὶ τῶν ἔργων τῶν ἐκείνου θεατὴν τῷ νῷ γενόμενον οὕτως παράδειγμα τὸ πάντων ἄριστον…
Ἡμερῶν οὖν οὐσῶν πονηρῶν καὶ αὐτοῦ τοῦ ἐνεργοῦντος ἔχοντος τὴν ἐξουσίαν, ὀφείλομεν ἑαυτοῖς προσέχοντες ἐκζητεῖν τὰ δικαιώματα κυρίου,
καὶ ἡμῖν δὲ γράφοντες ὑπὲρ ὧν αἱρεῖσθε ὡς πᾶν προθυμότερον τελεωθησόμενον, ἐπιμελόμενοι δὲ καὶ ἑαυτῶν ἵνʼ ὑγιαίνητε. ἔρρωσθε. ἔτους ιδ τοῦ καὶ ια, Παῦνι ιε
κζ μέση μελίχρως λεύκωμα ὀφθαλμόν, μακροπρόσωπος εὐθύρριν αἱ τρεῖς τῶν Ψεμμίνιος μετὰ κυρίου τοῦ ἑαυτῶν ἀδελφοῦ Παχνούβιος τοῦ προγεγραμμένου καὶ συνπωλουμένου, ἀπὸ τῆς ὑπαρχούσης αὐτοῖς πατρικῆς γῆς ἠπείρου σιτοφόρου
πυρὸν τοῖς παρʼ ἡμῶν. διʼ ἄλλων γεγράφαμεν ὑμῖν ὑπὲρ ὧν βουλόμεθα μηδεμιᾶς προσφωνήσεως προσπεπτωκυίας. ἑαυτῶν δὲ ἐπιμελόμενοι ἵνʼ ὑγιαίνητε, — ἔσμεν ἐν Πτολεμαίδι. ἔρρωσθε. ἔτους ιϛ, Θωῦθ η.
The Greek word ὑψόω (hupsoo) means to lift up or elevate, both literally and metaphorically. It appears in various contexts in the New Testament, such as in John 3:14 and Matthew 11:23, often conveying the idea of exalting or uplifting. The word is derived from ὕψος and is contrasted with ταπεινῶ, meaning to humble.
ὑψόω, -ῶ
(< ὕψος),
[in LXX chiefly for רוּם, also for גָּבַהּ, נָשָׂא, etc. ;]
ὑψόω, “lift,” “raise up”: P Leid W*! (ji/iii a.p.) (=IIp. 115) κατὰ πρόσθεσιν τῶν φωτῶν ὑψωθέντων, 7).xi 49 (= p. 123) τοῦ δὲ φανέντος ἐκύρτανεν ἡ γῆ καὶ ὑψώθη πολλοι (2. πολλοῦ), “᾿ hoc autem (dracone) apparente curvavit se terra et elevata est multum”’ (Ed.).
ὑψόω (hupsoō) — to lift up.
ὑψόω,
lift high, raise up, [Refs 6th c.AD+]:—middle, τάφον ὑψώσαντο [Refs 7th c.BC+]:—passive, μάκελλος ἐκ θεμελίων ὑψοῦτο [Refs 1st c.BC+]
II. metaphorically, elevate, exalt, opposed to ταπεινόω, [LXX+2nd c.BC+]; πονοῦντα τὸν ἴδιον ὑψῶσαι βίον [[Refs 4th c.BC+]:—passive, to be exalted, μὴ ὑψωθῇς τῇ καρδίᾳ [LXX+1st c.AD+]; ἐκ ποδὸς ὑψεύμενοι, of suddenly exalted persons, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.2. represent in the 'grand manner', [Refs 3rd c.AD+]
II.3. passive, Astron., of planets, mount to the north of the ecliptic, Theo Sm.p.135 H.
II.4. passive, Astrology texts, of planets, attain exaltation, i.e. maximum appotelesmatic efficacy, [Refs 2nd c.AD+]
ὑψόω
hupsoo
from 5311; to elevate (literally or figuratively):--exalt, lift up.
see GREEK for 5311
ὑψόω
v.
I lift up, exalt
ὑψόω ὕψος to lift high, raise up, Batr., Anth.: Mid. to raise for oneself, Anth.
metaph. to elevate, exalt, NTest.
Verb-FPI-3S — Verb · future · passive · indicative · third person · singularfuture passive indicative — an action still to come.
V-FPI-3S Part of Speech: Verb Tense: Future Voice: Passive Mood: Indicative Person: third Number: Singular
20 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 14 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 20 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Counted over the 110 Old Testament verses where this Greek word stands: which Hebrew word keeps standing there too. A correspondence of verses rather than a word-by-word alignment, so read the percentage as strength of evidence, not as a claim about any single verse.
οὐ διήμαρτον, ἀλλ’ „οἶδα, τέκνον, οἶδα, καὶ οὗτος ἔσται εἰς λαὸν καὶ οὗτος ὑψωθήσεται, ἀλλ’ ὁ ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ ὁ νεώτερος μείζων αὐτοῦ ἔσται“ (Gen.
τοῦ ἱερέως· συνέβαλεν εν οὖν αὐτῷ ὁ ἀδελφός σου περὶ τούτου καὶ λίαν αὐτὸ ὕψωσεν, ὥστε τὸν ἱερέα λέγειν, ὅτι οὐκ ἔτι αὐτὸ θεοῖς μέλεται. μετὰ τὸ οὖν