καί, a conj., and; the most freq. by far of all the particles in the N. T. [On its uses see W. § 53, 3sqq.; B. 361 (310) sqq., and ef. Ellicott on Phil. iv. 12; on the difference between it and τέ see 8. v. τέ ad init. ] I. It serves as a copulative i.e. to connect (Lat. et, atque, Germ. und) ; 1. it connects single words or terms: a. univ., as of Φαρισαῖοι καὶ Σαδδουκαῖοι, Mt. xvi. 1; ὁ θεὸς καὶ πατήρ, he who is God and Father (see θεός, 3); ἐν καρδίᾳ καλῇ καὶ ἀγαθῇ, Lk. viii. 15; πολυμερῶς καὶ πολυτρόπως, ΗΘ}. 1. 1; it is repeated before single terms, to each of which its own force and weight is thus given: ἡ υἱοθεσία καὶ ἡ δόξα καὶ ai διαθῆκαι καὶ ἡ νομοθεσία καὶ ἡ λατρεία καὶ αἱ ἐπαγγελίαι, Ro. ix. 4 ; ἁγία καὶ δικαία καὶ ἀγαθή, Ro. vii. 12; add, Mt. xxiii. 23; Lk. xiv. 21; Jn. xvi. 8; Acts xv. 20, 29; xxi. 25; Heb. ix. 10; Rey. v. 12; xviii. 12 sq.; ef. W. 519 sq. (484). b. it connects numerals; and so that (contrary to the more com. usage) the greater number precedes: δέκα κ- ὀκτώ, Lk. xiii. 4, 11, [but in both pass. L and Tr br. WH om. καί; Tdf. δεκαοκτώ], 16; τεσσαράκοντα x. ἕξ, Jn. ii. 20; add, Jn. v.5 GT; Acts xiii. 20; cf. W. § 37,4; [Bp. Lehtft. on Gal.i.18; noteworthy also is its use in 2 Co. xiii. 1 (cf. Deut. xix. 15 Sept.) ἐπὶ στόματος δύο μαρτύρων καὶ τριῶν (in Mt. xviii. 16 ἢ τρ. cf. W. 440 (410) note) at the mouth of two witnesses and (should there be so many) of three; a similar use of καί, to lend a certain indefiniteness to the expression, occurs occasionally with other than numerical specifications, as Jas. iv. 13 σήμερον καὶ (RG; but LT Tr WH ἢ) αὔριον; cf. Kiihner § 521, 2; Ebeling, Lex. Hom. 8. v. p. 614*]. c. it joins to partitive words the general notion; so that it is equiv. to and in general, and in a word, in short: 6 Πέτρος k. οἱ ἀπόστολοι, Acts v. 29; οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς [καὶ οἱ πρεσβύτεροι Ree. ] καὶ τὸ συνέδριον ὅλον, Mt. xxvi. 59; καὶ δικαιώμασι σαρκός, Heb. ix. 10 Rec. Tr br. WH mrg.; καὶ ἐπὶ τὸν ἸΙσραὴλ τοῦ θεοῦ, Gal. vi. 16, and often in Grk. writ.; cf. W. 437sq. (407); 520sq. (485); [B. 363 (311 sq.) ; 400 (343)]; with τέ preceding, 7 re... αὐτοῦ δύναμις καὶ θειότης, Ro. i. 20 [see τέ, 2 a.]; and, on the other hand, it joins to a general idea something particular, which is already comprised indeed in that general notion but by this form of expression is brought out more emphatically (which Strabo 8 (1) p. 340 calls συνκαταλέγειν τὸ μέρος τῷ ὅλῳ) ; 80 that it is equiv. to and especially [cf.W. u. s.]: Ta πάντα καὶ τὰ τῶν δαιμονιζομένων, Mt. viii. 33; τοῖς paθηταῖς αὐτοῦ k. τῷ Πέτρῳ, Mk. xvi. 7; αἱ φωναὶ αὐτῶν x. τῶν ἀρχιερέων, Lk. xxiii. 23 [RG]; σὺν γυναιξὶ καὶ Μαριάμ, Acts i. 14; ἐν Ἰούδᾳ x. Ἱερουσαλήμ, 1 Mace. ii. 6; πᾶς ᾿Ιούδα x. Ἱερουσαλήμ, 2 Chr. xxxv. 24, cf. xxxii. 33; often so in Grk. writ. also. 2. It connects clauses and sentences; a. univ., as διακαθαριεῖ τὴν ἅλωνα αὐτοῦ k. συνάξει τὸν σῖτον κτὰ. Mt. iii. 12; εἰσῆλθον . . . καὶ ἐδίδασκον, Acts v. 21; and in innumerable other exx. b. In accordance with the simplicity of the ancient popular speech, and esp. of the Hebr. tongue, it links statement to statement, the logical relations of which the more cultivated language expresses either by more exact particles, or by the use of the participial or the relative construction (ef. W. § 60,3; B. 288 (248) sqq.; 361 (310) sq.): 6. g. that very freq. formula ἐγένετο ... καί (see γίνομαι, 2b.) ; καὶ εἶδον καὶ (equiv. to ὅτι) σεισμὸς ἐγένετο, Rey. vi. 12; τέξεται υἱὸν k. καλέσεις τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ (equiv. to οὗ ὄνομα καλέσεις). Mt. i. 21; καλόν ἐστιν ἡμᾶς ὧδε εἶναι, καὶ (equiv. to ὅθεν) ποιήσωμεν σκηνάς, Mk. ἴχ. δ᾽ clauses are thus connected together in clusters; as, Mt. vii. 25, 27 (an example of six clauses linked together by καί) ; Mt. xiv. 9 sqq-; Mk. i. 12-14; Lk. xviii. 32-34; Jn. ii. 13-16; x.3; 1 Co. xii. 5-6; Rev. vi. 2, 8, 12-16; ix.1—-4 (where nine sentences are strung together by καί), ete. after a designation of time καί annexes what will be or was done at that time: ἤγγικεν ἡ ὥρα καὶ παραδίδοται kth. Mt. xxvi. 455; ἦν δὲ ὥρα τρίτη καὶ ἐσταύρωσαν αὐτόν, Mk. xv. 25; ἐγγὺς ἦν τὸ πάσχα... . κ'ι ἀνέβη εἰς Ἵεροσ. ὁ ἸΙησοῦς, Jn. ii. 13; ἡμέραι ἔρχονται καὶ συντελέσω, Heb. viii. 8; add, Lk. xxiii. 44: ὅπ. iv. 35; ν. 1; xi. 55; Acts y. 7; and not infreq. so in Grk. writ., as ἤδη δὲ ἢν ὀψὲ καὶ of Κορίνθιοι ἐξαπίνης πρύμναν ἐκρούοντο. Thue. 1, 50; cf. Matthiae § 620, 1 a. p.1481; W. 486 (405 sq.); [B. 361 (310)}. c. it joins affirmative to negative sentences, as μὴ συκοφαντήσατε καὶ ἀρκεῖσθε, Lk. iii. 14 ; οὔτε ἄντλημα ἔχεις καὶ τὸ φρέαρ ἐστὶ βαθύ, Jn. iv. 11; οὔτε... . ἐπιδέχεται kal... κωλύει, 3 Jn. 10, (rarely so in Grk. writ.,as Eur. Iph. Taur. 578; cf. Klotz ad Devar. ii. 2 p. 714); much oftener it annexes a clause depending on the preceding negative: μήποτέ σε mapad@... καὶ ὁ κριτῆς σε παραδῷ ον καὶ εἰς φυλακὴν βληθήσῃ, Mt. v. 25; add, Mt. vii. 6; x. 38; xiii. 15; xxvii. 64; Lk. xii. 58; xxi. 34; Jn. vi. 53; xii. 40; Acts xxviii. 27; 1 Th. iii. δ; 1 Tim. vi. 1; Heb. xii. 15; Rev. xvi.15; [see B. 368 (315) d.; ef. W. § 56. 2a.]. d. it annexes what follows from something said before (xai consecutive), so as to be equiv. to and so: Mt. v. 15 (καὶ λάμπει) ; Mt. xxiii. 32 (kat πληρώσατε) ; 2 Co. xi. 9 (καὶ ἐν παντί) ; Heb. ii. 19; 1 Jn. ili. 19 (καὶ ἔμπροσθεν); 2 Pet. 1. 19 (καὶ ἔχομεν) ; so in statements after imperatives and words having the force of an imperative: δεῦτε ὀπίσω pov, καὶ ποιήσω ὑμᾶς etc. Mt. iv. 19; εἰπὲ λόγῳ, καὶ ἰαθήσεται ὁ παῖς μου, Mt. viii. 8; Lk. vii. 7; ἀντίστητε τῷ διαβόλῳ καὶ φεύξεται ad’ ὑμῶν, Jas. iv. 7: add, Mt. vii. 7; Mk. vi. 22; Lk. x. 28; Jn. xiv. 16; Rey. iv. 1; ef. Fritzsche on Mt. pp. 187 (and 416), [ef. Sir. ii. 6; iii. 17). e. with a certain rhetorical emphasis, it annexes something apparently at variance with what has been previously said; so that it is equiv. to and yet (cf. Stallbaum on Plat. apol. p. 29 b.); so the Lat. atque (cf. Beier on Cie. de off. 3, 11, 48): Mt. ili. 14 (καὶ σὺ ἔρχη πρὸς μέ); Mt. vi. 26; x. 29; Mk. xii. 12; Jn. i. 5 (καὶ ἡ σκοτία krd.), 10 (καὶ ὁ κόσμος); Jn. 111. 11, 32; v.40 (καὶ ov θέλετε) : In. vi. 70; vii. 285 viii. 49,55 (καὶ οὐκ ἐγνώκατε); Jn. ix. 30; 1 Co. y.2; 2 Co. vi. 9; Heb. iii. 9; Rev. iii. 1 (. .. Gps, καὶ νεκρὸς εἶ), ete. when a vain attempt is spoken of: Mt. xii. 43 (ζητεῖ καὶ οὐχ εὑpioxe.) ; xiii. 17; xxvi. 60; Take xiii hota Se. if: like the Hebr. 1 (see Gesenius, Thes. i. p. 396"), it begins an apodosis, which is thus connected with the protasis, ef. the Germ. da [or Eng. then], (in class. Grk. sometimes δέ; see δέ, 8) [ef. B. 362 (311) d.; W. § 53,3 Ἐ; Ellic. on Phil. i. 22]: with ὅτε or a temporal ὡς preceding in the protasis [as sometimes in Grk. prose (e. g. Thue. 2, 93, where see Kriiger)], Lk. ii. 21; Acts xiii. 18 sq. [here WH txt. om. καί ; see ὡς, I. 7]; as... καὶ ἰδού, Lk. vii. 12; Actsi. 10; x.17 [RG Trmrg. br.]; ἐὰν . καὶ εἰσελεύσ. Rev. iii. 20 T WH mrg., although here καί may be rendered also (I also will come in, ete.), declaring that, if the first thing (expressed in the protasis) be done, the second (expressed in the apodosis) will be done also. g. as in class. Grk., it begins a question thrown out with a certain impassioned abruptness and containing an urgent rejoinder to another’s speech (cf. W. § 53,3a.; Matthiae §620,1d.; Kiihner § 521, 3 ii. p- 791 sq.): καὶ τίς δύναται σωθῆναι; ΜΚ. χ. 36: καὶ τίς ἐστί μου πλησίον; Lk. x. 39 ; καὶ τίς ἐστιν «rd. Jn. ix. 36 [GT Tr WH]; add, Jn. χῖν. 22 [ἃ ΤΊ. Peculiar is 2 Co. ii. 2: εἰ yap ἐγὼ λυπῶ ὑμᾶς, καὶ τίς... ἐμοῦ (a swarm of exx. of this form of speech occur in Clem. homil. 2, 43, 6. σ. εἰ ὁ θεὸς ψεύδεται, καὶ τίς ἀληθεύει ;), where the writer after the conditional protasis, interrupting himself as it were, utters the substance of the negative apodosis in a new question, where we render who then is he that ete., for then there is no one who οἷο. h. it introduces parentheses [ef. W. § 62, 1]: καὶ ἐκωλύθην ἄχρι τοῦ δεῦρο, Ro. i. 13 (Dem. Lept. p. 488, 9; so the Lat. ef, 6. g. praeda — et aliquantum ejus fuit— militi concessa, Liv. 27, 1); cf. Fritzsche, Ep. ad Rom. i. p. 35 56. 3. It annexes epexegetically both words and sentences (xai epexegetical or ‘explicative’), so that it is equiv. to and indeed, namely, [W. § 53, 8 ο.; ef. § 66, 7 fin.]: χάριν καὶ ἀποστολήν, Ro. i. 5, where οἱ. Fritzsche ; περὶ ἐλπίδος καὶ ἀναστάσεως νεκρῶν, Acts xxiii. 6; πολλὰ... κι ἕτερα, Lk. iii. 18; πολλὰ... καὶ ἄλλα σημεῖα, Jn. χχ. 80; πολλὰ καὶ βαρέα αἰτιώματα, Acts χχν. 7; πολλοὶ x. ἀνυπότακτοι, Tit. 1.10 [R G; on the preceding use of καί cf. πολύς, d. a. fin.]; καὶ [L br. x.] ὅταν ἀπαρθῇ, and indeed [i. 6. viz. ] when he shall be taken away ete. Lk. ν. 35 [others find here an aposiopesis; cf. Meyer ad loc. (ed. Weiss) ]; καὶ χάριν ἀντὶ χάριτος, Jn. i. 16; καὶ περισσὸν ἔχωσιν, Jn. x. 10, add 33 (where the words καὶ ὅτι «td. show what kind of blasphemy is meant); Acts v. 21 (on which see γερουσία) ; Ro. ii. 15 (where καὶ μεταξὺ κτλ. adds an explanation respecting the testimony of conscience); 1 Co. iii. 5; xv. 38, ete.; ef. Bornemann, Scholia, p. 38; Fritzsche, Quaest. Leian. p. 9 sqq.; so the Lat. εἰ in Cie. Tuse. 3, 20, 48 laudat, et saepe, virtutem; pro Mil. 25 te enim jam appello et ea voce ut me exaudire possis; cf. Ramshorn, Lat. Gram. ii. p. 809; [Harpers’ Lat. Dict. s. v. et, 11. A.J; i. q. and indeed, to make a climax, for and besides: καὶ ἀκατάκριτον, Acts xxii. 255 καὶ τοῦτον ἐσταυρωμένον, 1 Co. ii. 2; καὶ τοῦτο, Lat. idque (Cie. off. 1, 1,1 te... audientem Cratippum idque Athenis), our and this, and that, and that too, i. 4. especially: Ro. xiii. 11; 1 Co. vi. 6, and LT Tr WH in 8, (4 Mace. xiv. 9); also καὶ ταῦτα (com. in Grk. writ.), 1 Co. vi. 8 Rec.; Heb. xi. 12; ef. Klotz, Devar. i. p. 108; ii. 2 p. 652 sq.; [οἷ W. 162 (153)]. 4. it connects whole narratives and expositions, and thus forms a transition to new matters: Mt. iv. 23; viii. 14, 23, 28; ix. 1, 9, 27,35; x.1; Mk.v.1, 21; vi.1,6; Lk. viii. 26; Jn.i. 19 (cf. 15); 1Jn.i.4, ete.; esp. in the very com. καὶ ἐγέvero, Mt. vii. 28; Lk. vii. 11; viii. 1, ete. (see γίνομαι, 2b.). 5. καί... καί, a repetition which indicates that of two things one takes place no less than the other: both ... and,as well ... as, not only ... but also, [W.§ 53, 4]: it serves to correlate — not only single terms, as καὶ [L br. «.] ψυχὴν καὶ σῶμα, Mt. x. 28; add, Mk. iv. 41; Jn. iv. 36 [here Tr WH om. first x.]; Ro. xi. 33; Phil. ii. 13 ; iv. 12, ete.; καὶ ἐν ὀλίγῳ καὶ ἐν πολλῷ [LT Tr WH μεγάλῳ] both with little effort and with great [but see μέγας, 1 a. y- fin.], Acts xxvi. 29; but also clauses and sentences, as Mk. ix. 13; Jn. vii. 28; ix.37; xii. 28; 1 Co. i. 22; and even things that are contrasted [cf. W. u.s.; B.§ 149, 8.1: In. xv. 24; Acts xxiii. 3; kai... καὶ ov, Lk. v. 36; Jn. vi.36; now... now, Mk. ix. 22; καὶ od... καί, Jn. xvii. 25. 6. τέ... καί, see τέ, 2. II. It marks something added to what has already been said, or that of which something already said holds ood; accordingly it takes on the nature of an adverb, also (Lat. etiam, quoque, Germ. auch [cf. W. and B. as ad init. In this use it generally throws an emphasis upon the word which immediately follows it; cf. Klotz, Devar. ii. 2 p. 638.]) ; 1. used simply, a. also, likewise: Mt. v. 39 sq.3 xii. 45; Mk. ii. 28; Lk. iii. 14; Jn. viii. 19; Ko. viii. 17; 1 Co. vii. 29; xi. 6, ete.; very freq. with pronouns: καὶ ὑμεῖς, Mt. xx. 4, 7; Lk. xxi. 31: In. vil. 47, ete.: κἀγώ, καὶ ἐγώ, see κἀγώ, 2; καὶ

καί kai 9x

(1) and, Mt. 2:2, 3, 11; 4:22; (2) καί ... καί, both ... and; (3) as a cumulative particle, also, too, Mt. 5:39; Jn. 8:19; 1 Cor. 11:6; (4) emphatic, even, also, Mt. 10:30; 1 Cor. 2:10; in NT adversative, but, Mt. 11:19; also introductory of the apodosis of a sentence, Gal. 3:28; Jas. 2:4

καί, conj., and. Copulative. Connecting single words; in general: Mt 2:18 16:1, Mk 2:15, Lk 8:15, He 1:1, al. mult.; repeated before each of the terms in a series, Mt 23:23, Lk 14:21, Ro 7:12 9:4, al.;

connecting numerals (WM, § 37, 4): Jo 2:20, Ac 13:20;

joining terms which are not mutually exclusive, as the part with the whole: Mt 8:33 26:59, Mk 16:17, Ac 5:29, al.

Connecting clauses and sentences: Mt 3:12, Ac 5:21, al. mult.; esp. where, after the simplicity of the popular language, sentences are paratactically joined (WM, § 60, 3; M, Pr., 12; Deiss., LAE, 128 ff.): Mt 1:21 7:25, Mk 9:5, Jo 10:3, al.;

joining affirmative to negative sentences: Lk 3:14, Jo 4:11, III Jo 10;

consecutive, and so: Mt 5:15 23:32, He 3:19, al.; after imperatives, Mt 4:19, Lk 7:7, al.;

= καίτοι, and yet: Mt 3:14 6:26, Mk 12:12, Lk 18:7 (Field, Notes, 72), I Co 5:2, al.;

beginning an apodosis (= Heb. וְ; so sometimes δέ in cl.), then: Lk 2:21 7:12, Ac 1:10; beginning a question (WM, § 53, 3a): Mk 10:26, Lk 10:29, Jo 9:36.

Epexegetic, and, and indeed, namely (WM, § 53, 3c): Lk 3:18, Jo 1:16, Ac 23:6, Ro 1:5, I Co 3:5, al.

In transition: Mt 4:23, Mk 5:1, 21, Jo 1:19, al.; so, Hebraistically, καὶ ἐγένετο (וַיְהִי; also ἐγένετο δέ), Mk 1:9 (cf. Lk 5:1; V. Burton, §§ 357-60; M, Pr., 14, 16).

καὶ . . . καί, both . . . and (for τε . . . καί, v.s. τε); connecting single words: Mt 10:28, Mk 4:41, Ro 11:33, al.;

clauses and sentences: Mk 9:13, Jo 7:28, I Co 1:22, al.

Adjunctive, also, even, still: Mt 5:39, 40, Mk 2:28, al. mult.; esp. c. pron., adv., etc., Mt 20:4, Jo 7:47, al; ὡς κ., Ac 11:17; καθὼς κ., Ro 15:7; οὕτω κ., Ro 6:11; διὸ κ., Lk 1:35; ὁ κ. (Deiss., BS, 313ff.), Ac 13:9; pleonastically, μετὰ κ.. (Bl., §77, 7; Deiss., BS, 265 f,), Phl 4:3; τί κ., 1 Co 15:29; ἀλλὰ κ., Lk 14:22, Jo 5:18, al.; καίγε (M, Pr., 230; Burton, § 437), Ac 17:27; καίπερ, He 5:8; κ. ἐάν, v.s. ἐάν.

και. In LAE p. 129 ff. Deissmann discusses the thoroughly popular character of the Johannine style with its short paratactic sentences, introduced by kal. . . καί. To illustrate this, he cites amongst other exx. a Dream from the Serapeum, P Par 51 (B.C. 160) (= Selections, p. 18 ff. : see especially the amended readings in Archiv vi. p. 204), which runs—** ὦμ[ην] βατί -- δ)ίζειν pe [ἀπ]ὸ λειβὸς ἕως ἀ[ πηλι]ώτου, καὶ ἀναπίπτομαι ἐπ᾿ ἄχυρον" καὶ [ἄν]θρωπ[ος9] ἀπὸ λιβός μου, ἐχόμενός μου’ ἀναπίπτει καὶ αὐτός, καὶ ὥσπερ κεκλειμμ[évot] μου ἦσαν οἱ ὀφθαλμοί μου, καὶ ἐξαί[φνης] ἀνύγω τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς pov, καὶ ὁρῶ kTA., “ I dreamed that I was going from West to East, and I lie down upon chaff. And there | αὐτὸ (deleted in the original) Σεμφθεῖ. | ἐκ καινῆς ἐν Σομολ(ῶ) κεραμεῖον.

καί (kai) — and. καί, conjunction, copulative, joining words and sentences, __A and; also adverb, even, also, just, frequently expressing emphatic assertion or assent, corresponding as positive to the negative οὐ (μή) or οὐδέ (μηδέ). copulative, and, __A.I joining words or sentences to those preceding, ἦ, καὶ κυανέῃσιν ἐπ᾽ ὀφρύσινεῦσε Κρονίων [Refs 8th c.BC+]: repeated with two or more Nouns, αἱ δὲ ἔλαφοι κ. δορκάδες κ. οἱ ἄγριοι οἶες κ. οἱ ὄνοι οἱ ἄγριοι [Refs 5th c.BC+]; joining only the last pair, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; ὁ ὄχλος πλείων κ. πλείων ἐπέρρει more and more, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; to add epithets after πολύς, πολλὰ κ. ἐσθλά [Refs 8th c.BC+] __A.I.2 to addalimiting or defining expression, πρὸς μακρὸν ὄρος κ. Κύνθιον ὄχθον to the mountain and specially to.., [Refs 5th c.BC+] (sometimes in reverse order, πρὸς δῶμα Διὸς κ. μακρὸν Ὄλυμπον [Refs 8th c.BC+]; to add by way of climax, θεῶν.. κ. Ποσειδῶνος all the gods, and above all.. , [Refs 5th c.BC+]; frequently ἄλλοι τε καί.., ἄλλως τε καί.., see at {ἄλλος} [Refs]; ὀλίγου τινὸς ἄξια κ. οὐδενός little or nothing, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. ταῦτα and this too.. , γελᾶν ἀναπείθειν, κ. ταῦθ᾽ οὕτω πολέμιον ὄντα τῷ γέλωτι [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.II at the beginning of a sentence, __A.II.1 in appeals or requests, καί μοι δὸς τὴν Χεῖρα [Refs 8th c.BC+]; καί μοι λέγε.., καί μοι ἀπόκριναι.., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; frequently in Oratt., καί μοι λέγε.. τὸ ψήφισμα, καί μοι ἀνάγνωθι.., [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.II.2 in questions, to introduce an objection or express surprise, κ. τίς τόδ᾽ ἐξίκοιτ᾽ ἂν ἀγγέλων τάχο; [Refs 4th c.BC+]; κ. πῶς..; pray how..? [Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. δὴ τί..; but then what..? [Refs]; κ. ποῖον..; [Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. τίς εἶδε πώποτε βοῦς κριβανίτα; [Refs 5th c.BC+]; κἄπειτ᾽ ἔκανε; [Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. τίς πώποτε Χαριζόμενος ἑτέρῳ τοῦτο εἰργάσατ; [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.II.3 ={καίτοι}, and yet, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.II.4 at the beginning of a speech, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.III after words implying sameness or like ness, as, γνώμῃσι ἐχρέωντο ὁμοίῃσι κ. σύ they had the same opinion as you, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἴσον or ἴσα κ..., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν ἴσῳ (i.e. ἐστὶ) κ. εἰ.. [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.III.2 after words implying comparison or opposition, αἱ δαπάναι οὐχ ὁμοίως κ. πρίν [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.III.3 to express simultaneity, ἦν ἦμαρ δεύτερον.., κἀγὼ κατηγόμην [Refs 5th c.BC+]; παρέρχονταί τε μέσαι νύκτες κ. ψύχεται [τὸ ὕδωρ] [Refs 5th c.BC+]; [οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι] οὐκ ἔφθασαν τὴν ἀρχὴν κατασχόντες κ. Θηβαίοις εὐθὺς ἐπεβούλευσαν [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.IV joining an affirmative clause with a negative, ἀλλ᾽ ὥς τι δράσων εἷρπε κοὐ θανούμενος [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.V καί.., καί.. correlative, not only.., but also.. , κ. ἀεὶ κ. νῦν, κ. τότε κ. νῦν, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __A.VI by anacoluthon, ὣς φαμένη κ. κερδοσύνῃ ἡγήσατ᾽ Ἀθήνη, for ὣς ἔφη κ..., [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἔρχεται δὲ αὐτή τε.. κ. τὸν υἱὸν ἔχουσα, for κ. ὁ υἱός, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __B even, also, just, __B.1 τάχα κεν κ. ἀναίτιον αἰτιόῳτο even the innocent, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; δόμεναι κ. μεῖζον ἄεθλον an even greater prize, [Refs]full five,[Refs 5th c.BC+] two or three, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __B.2 also, κ. ἐγώ I also, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; κ. αὐτοί they also, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Ἀγίας καὶ Σωκράτης κ. τούτω ἀπεθανέτην likewise died, [Refs]; in adding surnames, etc., Ὦχος ὁ κ. Δαρειαῖος [Refs 5th c.BC+]; nominative ὁ κ. first in [Refs 1st c.BC+], frequently later, [Refs 2nd c.AD+], etc.; Ἰούδας ὁ κ. Μακκαβαῖος [NT+8th c.BC+]; εἴπερ τι κ. ἄλλο, ὥς τις κ. ἄλλος, [Refs 5th c.BC+], not only.., but also.. , see at {μόνος}; οὐδὲν μᾶλλον.. ἢ οὐ καὶ.. [Refs 5th c.BC+] __B.2.b frequently used both in the antecedent and relative clause, where we put also in the antecedent only, εἰ μὲν κ. σὺ εἶ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ὧνπερ κ. ἐγώ [Refs 8th c.BC+] __B.3 frequently in apodosi, after temporal Conjs., ἀλλ᾽ ὅτε δή ῥα.., κ. τότε δή.. [Refs 8th c.BC+]; also after εἰ, [Refs 8th c.BC+]: as a Hebraism, κ. ἐγένετο.. κ... [LXX+NT] __B.4 with Advs., to give emphasis, κ. κάρτα [Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. λίην full surely, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; κ. πάλαι, κ. πάνυ, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. μάλα, κ. σφόδρα, in answers, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __B.5 with words expressing a minimum, even so much as, were it but, just, ἱέμενος κ. καπνὸν ἀποθρῴσκοντα νοῆσαι [Refs 8th c.BC+]; οἷς ἡδὺ κ. λέγειν [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τίς δὲ κ. προσβλέψετα; who will so much as look at you? [Refs 5th c.BC+] __B.6 just, τοῦτ᾽ αὐτὸ κ. νοσοῦμεν 'tis just that that ails me, [Refs 5th c.BC+]: frequently with a relative, τὸ κ. κλαίουσα τέτηκα [Refs 8th c.BC+]; and how long ago was the city sacked? [Refs 4th c.BC+]; ποῦ καί σφε θάπτε; where is he burying her? [Refs 5th c.BC+] __B.7 even, just, implying assent, ἔπειτά με κ. λίποι αἰών thereafter let life e'en leave me, [Refs 8th c.BC+] __B.8 κ. εἰ even if, of a whole condition represented as an extreme case, opposed to εἰ κ. although, notwithstanding that, of a condition represented as immaterial even if fulfilled,[Refs 8th c.BC+]; εἰ κ. ἠπιστάμην if I had been able, [Refs 5th c.BC+] each exert their force separtely, as εἴ περ ἀδειής τ᾽ ἐστί, καὶ εἰ.. and if.. [Refs 8th c.BC+] __B.9 before a Participle, to represent either καὶ εἰ.., or εἰ καί.., although, albeit, Ἕκτορα κ. μεμαῶτα μάχης σχήσεσθαι ὀΐω, for ἢν κ. μεμάῃ, how much soever he rage, although he rage, [Refs 8th c.BC+] __C Position: καί and, is by Poets sometimes put after another word, ἔγνωκα, τοῖσδε κοὐδὲν ἀντειπεῖν ἔχω, for καὶ τοῖσδε οὐδέν [Refs 4th c.BC+] __C.2 καί also, sometimes goes between a preposition and its case, ἐν κ. θαλάσσᾳ [Refs 5th c.BC+] __C.3 very seldom at the end of a verse, [Refs 5th c.BC+] __D crasis: with ᾰ, as κἄν, κἀγαθοί, etc.; with ε, as κἀγώ, κἄπειτα, etc., Doric dialect κἠγώ, κἤπειτα, etc.; with η, as Χἠ, Χἠμέρη, Χἠμεῖς, etc.; with ῐ in Χἰκετεύετε, Χἰλαρ; with ο, as Χὠ, Χὤστις, etc.; with υ in Χὐμεῖς, Χὐποχείριον, etc.; with ω in the pronoun ᾧ, Χ; with αι, as κᾀσχρῶ; with αυ, as καὐτό; with ει, as κεἰ, κεἰς (but also κἀς), κᾆτ; with εὐ-, as κεὐγένεια, κεὐσταλή; with οι in Χοἰ (Χᾠ [Refs]; with ου in Χοὖτος, κοὐ, κοὐδέ, and the like.