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Psalms 77:6 — Word Study

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WLCאֶֽזְכְּרָ֥ה נְגִינָתִ֗י בַּ֫לָּ֥יְלָה עִם־ לְבָבִ֥י אָשִׂ֑יחָה וַיְחַפֵּ֥שׂ רוּחִֽי׃

BSAto devisechâshab dayyôwm frontqedem yearshâneh foreverʻôwlâm

Word
Listen & take awayPsalms 77
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 6 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (ru.Chi) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Psalms 77:6quick helps
In a sentenceThe psalmist reflects on his past, recalling his song during the night and engaging in deep thought and search within himself.
Who is speakingThe psalmist, expressing his inner thoughts and feelings.
Where we areIn a moment of solitude and introspection during the night.
The hard wordאָשִׂ֑יחָה
Take awayThe act of remembering and reflecting is a deep, personal journey.
8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbחָשַׁב The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Psalms 77:6

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — Reflections in the Nightgenerated

5I considered the days of old, the years long in the past.
6At night I remembered my song; in my heart I mused, and my spirit pondered:
7“Will the Lord spurn us forever and never show His favor again?
8Is His loving devotion gone forever? Has His promise failed for all time?

Psalms 77:6 captures a moment of introspection where the psalmist recalls his song during the night. This verse is part of a larger meditation on past experiences and the feelings of abandonment expressed in the surrounding verses. The psalmist's reflections lead him to ponder deeper questions about God's presence and favor, as seen in the subsequent verses.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Psalm 42:8The LORD decrees His loving devotion by day, and at night His song is with me as a prayer to the God of my life.
2Job 35:10But no one asks, ‘Where is God my Maker, who gives us songs in the night,
3Habakkuk 3:17–18Though the fig tree does not bud and no fruit is on the vines, though the olive crop fails and the fields produce no food, though the sheep are cut off from the fold and no cattle are in the stalls,
4Jonah 1:2“Get up! Go to the great city of Nineveh and preach against it, because its wickedness has come up before Me.”
5Acts 16:25About midnight Paul and Silas were praying and singing hymns to God, and the other prisoners were listening to them.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 11 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word אֶֽזְכְּרָ֥ה, 'ez.ke.Rahgenerated

The verb אֶֽזְכְּרָ֥ה ('ez.ke.Rah) means 'I will remember' and is derived from the root זָכַר (zakar), which implies recognition and recalling. It indicates a personal act of remembering, where the subject actively engages with past thoughts or experiences.

This construction emphasizes the psalmist's intention to reflect on significant memories, particularly in a time of darkness and uncertainty. The act of remembering is not passive; it involves a conscious effort to bring to mind something meaningful.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The verse is structured around three main actions: אֶֽזְכְּרָ֥ה (I remembered), אָשִׂ֑יחָה (I mused), and וַיְחַפֵּ֥שׂ (and it searched). Each verb indicates a different aspect of the psalmist's reflective process.

The order of the phrases emphasizes the psalmist's journey from memory to contemplation and then to a deeper search of his spirit, highlighting the progression of his thoughts during the night.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

In the Septuagint, the psalmist uses the Greek word διελογισάμην (dieologisamen) to convey the act of reasoning or reflecting. This choice suggests a more analytical approach to his memories, indicating a thoughtful consideration rather than mere recollection.

This translation choice shows a slight widening of the Hebrew concept, focusing not only on remembering but also on the reasoning process that accompanies such reflection.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Psalms 77:6 describes a moment when the psalmist reflects on his song during the night. He thinks deeply in his heart and searches within his spirit. This verse captures a time of personal contemplation and emotional struggle.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does the psalmist mean by 'my song'?

The psalmist's 'song' refers to a melody of praise or music that holds personal significance, likely connected to his relationship with God.

Why does the psalmist reflect at night?

Night often symbolizes a time of solitude and introspection, making it a fitting backdrop for deep reflection on one's thoughts and feelings.

What is the significance of meditating in one's heart?

Meditating in the heart indicates a deep, personal engagement with one's thoughts and emotions, emphasizing the importance of internal reflection.

How does searching in the spirit relate to the psalmist's experience?

Searching in the spirit suggests a quest for understanding and clarity, reflecting the psalmist's desire to find answers during a time of uncertainty.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. What memories do I hold dear that I can reflect on during difficult times?
  2. How can I practice deep meditation on my thoughts and feelings?
  3. In what ways can I seek understanding within myself like the psalmist?
  4. What songs or melodies resonate with my spiritual journey?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Augustine of Hippo comments on this verse, noting the importance of meditation in the heart, particularly in times of reflection.

Augustine of HippoExposition on Psalms 77 354–430
"And I have meditated in the night with my heart" [Psalms 77:6]. No slanderous person seeks for snares in his words, in his heart he has meditated.
Early Church Fathers on Psalms 77 →

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Psalms 77:6 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

I call to remembrance my song in the night,.... What had been an occasion of praising the Lord with a song, and which he had sung in the night seasons, when he was at leisure, his thoughts free, and

Read John Gill on Psalms 77 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

Thou holdest mine eyes waking: I am so troubled that I cannot speak.

Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 77 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

I call to remembrance my song in the night, the many and great mercies and favours of God vouchsafed by him to me, and to his people, which have obliged me to adore him, and sing his praises not only in the day, the time appointed for that work. but also by night, as oft as they come into my mind. My spirit made diligent search, what should be the cause of this strange and vast alteration, and how these sore calamities could come from the hand of so gracious and merciful a God as ours is, and what might be expected as to their continuance or removal.

Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 77 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Psalms 77:6 I call to remembrance my song in the night: I commune with mine own heart: and my spirit made diligent search.Ver. 6. I call to remembrance my song in the night] i.e. My former feelings and experiments, being glad, in this scarcity of comfort, to live upon the old store, as bees do in winter. I commune with mine own heart] Psalms 4:4, see there. And my spirit made diligent search] For the cause and cure of my present distempers.

Read John Trapp on Psalms 77 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(6) I call to remembrance.—Better, “Let me recall my harpings in the night; Let me complain in my own heart, And my spirit questions and questions.”

Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 77 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 6. I call to remembrance my song in the night] I do not think that נגינתי neginathi means my song. We know that neginath signifies some stringed musical instrument that was struck with a plectrum; but here it possibly might be applied to the Psalm that was played on it. But it appears to me rather that the psalmist here speaks of the circumstances of composing the short ode contained in the seventh, eighth, and ninth verses; which it is probable he sung to his harp as a kind of dirge, if indeed he had a harp in that distressful captivity. My spirit made diligent search.] The verb חפש chaphas signifies such an investigation as a man makes who is obliged to strip himself in order to do…

Read AdamClarke on Psalms 77 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

6. In the first two lines he tells us how he bade himself recall the songs of thanksgiving which he had once been able to sing in the night, the quiet time of meditation and thanksgiving (Psalms 42:8; Psalms 92:2; Job 35:10), in contrast to his present cries of anguish or silence of despair. Song means literally ‘song to the accompaniment of stringed instruments.’ P.B.V. ‘and search out my spirits,’ follows the reading of the LXX and some other Ancient Versions.

Read Cambridge on Psalms 77 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

I call to remembrance my song in the night - Compare Job 35:10, note; Psalms 42:8, note.

Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 77 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

At night I remembered my song; in my heart I mused, and my spirit pondered:

WEBWorld English Bible2000

I remember my song in the night. I consider in my own heart; my spirit diligently inquires:

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

At night I remembered my song; in my heart I mused, and my spirit pondered:

NETBNew English Translation2006

I said, “During the night I will remember the song I once sang; I will think very carefully.” I tried to make sense of what was happening.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

I call to remembrance my song in the night: I commune with mine own heart: and my spirit made diligent search.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

I call to remembrance my song in the night: I commune with mine own heart; And my spirit maketh diligent search.

RVARevised Version, American1894

I call to remembrance my song in the night: I commune with mine own heart; and my spirit made diligent search.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

I call to remembrance my song in the night: I commune with my own heart: and my spirit made diligent search.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

I called to remembrance my song in the night: I communed with mine owne heart, and my spirit searched diligently.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

I remember my song in the night; I muse in mine own heart, and my spirit maketh diligent search.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

I remember my music in the night, With my heart I meditate, and my spirit doth search diligently:

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

I remember my music in the night, || I meditate with my heart, and my spirit searches diligently:

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

(77:7) I call to remembrance my song in the night; with my own heart I reflect: and my spirit maketh diligent search.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

During the night I called to mind the song I once sang. I thought carefully and tried to understand what had happened.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

That another generation might know them. The children that should be born and should rise up, and declare them to their children.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

I remember the songs I sang in the night. I meditate and ask myself:

BBEBible in Basic English1949

The memory of my song comes back to me in the night; my thoughts are moving in my heart; my spirit is searching with care.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

clauseverbאֶֽזְכְּרָ֥הI.will.remembernoun phrase · objectנְגִינָתִ֗songיmyprepositional phrase · prepositionalבַּ֫innoun phrasetheלָּ֥יְלָהnightclauseprepositional phrase · prepositionalעִםwithnoun phraseלְבָבִ֥heartיmyverbאָשִׂ֑יחָהI.will.meditateוַandclauseverbיְחַפֵּ֥שׂit.searchednoun phrase · subjectרוּחִֽspiritיmy

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text (MT) of Psalms 77:6 reads, 'אֶֽזְכְּרָ֥ה נְגִינָתִ֗י בַּ֫לָּ֥יְלָה עִם־ לְבָבִ֥י אָשִׂ֑יחָה וַיְחַפֵּ֥שׂ רוּחִֽי׃', which translates to 'At night I remembered my song; in my heart I mused, and my spirit pondered.' The Septuagint (LXX) has a different structure and word order, and while it shares some vocabulary with the MT, it does not provide a direct translation of the same phrases. The Samaritan Pentateuch and the Dead Sea Scrolls do not provide additional witnesses for this specific verse, so we cannot confirm their readings. Therefore, the MT stands as the primary witness for this verse, with the LXX showing some lexical overlap but differing significantly in its construction.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

אֶֽזְכְּרָ֥ה נְגִינָתִ֗י בַּ֫לָּ֥יְלָה עִם־ לְבָבִ֥י אָשִׂ֑יחָה וַיְחַפֵּ֥שׂ רוּחִֽי׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
אֶֽזְכְּרָ֥הδιελογισάμηνנְגִינָתִ֗יἡμέραςבַּ֫לָּ֥יְלָהἔτηעִם־αἰώνια

4 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Psalms 77:6זָכַרI will remeI will rememberזָכַרנְגִינָהsong mysong myנְגִינָהלַ֫יְלָהin the nighin the nightלַ֫יְלָהעִםwithwithעִםלֵבָבheart myheart myלֵבָבשִׂיחַI will mediI will meditateשִׂיחַחָפַשׂand it searand it searchedחָפַשׂרוּחַspirit myspirit myרוּחַזָכָרmalemaleזָכָרנָגַןto playto playנָגַןעָמַםto darkento darkenעָמַםלבבto encourato encourageלבברִיחַto smellto smellרִיחַלוּלstairsstairsלוּלעָוֹןiniquity: iniquity: crimeעָוֹןבְּרִיתcovenantcovenantבְּרִיתמַשְׂכִּילMaskilMaskilמַשְׂכִּילנָצַחto conductto conductנָצַחיוֹמָםby dayby dayיוֹמָםאוֹרto lightto lightאוֹרשָׁכַבto lie dowto lie down: laשָׁכַבקָבַרto buryto buryקָבַרשָׁלֵםcompletecompleteשָׁלֵםדָּרַשׁto seekto seekדָּרַשׁפִּקּוּדpreceptpreceptפִּקּוּדפָּלָאto wonderto wonderפָּלָא
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Psalms 77:6

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

I will remember song my in the night with heart my I will meditate and it searched spirit my
אֶֽזְכְּרָ֥ה'ez.ke.Rah I will remember H2142 Verb · Qal · infinitive construct first person common singular
232× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To remember means to recall or mark something, like God remembering his covenant with Abraham in Genesis 9:1 and Exodus 2:24.
Tyndale gloss
to remember
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word זָכַר (zakar) means 'to remember' and is built from a primitive root implying recognition. It covers a range of meanings, including recalling thoughts, commemorating days, and causing others to remember. The entries also note its use in various grammatical forms, such as being remembered or making a memorial.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

זָכַר vb. remember

Qal

Human subj.

remember, recall, call to mind, usu. as affecting present feeling, thought or action

remember persons (human subj.)

remember י׳

remember

think of or on, call to mind something present or future

remember a day, to observe, commemorate it

remember, with implied mention of, obj.

Subj. י׳ (אלהִם)

remember persons

remember the distress of his servants

their devotion

remember his own covenant (with them)

his mercy

extenuating circumstances

remember sins, idolatries

Niph.

be brought to remembrance, remembered, thought of, usu. c. neg.

neg. be not remembered = no longer exist, of name of Israel, as nation

be remembered, of particular days, in order to be observed, commemorated

Hiph.

cause to remember, remind

cause to be remembered, keep in remembrance

mention

record, only pt.

of sacrifice, make a memorial

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2142 זָכַר remember .. Human subj. . remember, recall, call to mind, usu. as affecting present feeling, thought or action

. remember persons (human subj.)

. remember י׳

. remember

. think of or on, call to mind something present or future

. remember a day, to observe, commemorate it

. remember, with implied mention of, obj.

. Subj. י׳ (אלהִם) . remember persons

. . remember the distress of his servants

. their devotion

. . remember his own covenant (with them)

. his mercy

. extenuating circumstances

. remember sins, idolatries

. . be brought to remembrance, remembered, thought of, usu. c. neg.

. neg. be not remembered = no longer exist, of name of Israel, as nation

. be remembered, of particular days, in order to be observed, commemorated

. . cause to remember, remind

. cause to be remembered, keep in remembrance

. mention

. record, only pt.

. of sacrifice, make a memorial

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2142 zakar zaw-kar'

a primitive root; properly, to mark (so as to be recognized),

i.e. to remember; by implication, to mention; also (as

denominative from 2145) to be male:--X burn (incense), X

earnestly, be male, (make) mention (of), be mindful, recount,

record(-er), remember, make to be remembered, bring (call,

come, keep, put) to (in) remembrance, X still, think on, X

well.

see HEBREW for 02145

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

זָכַר (za.khar) — to remember.

1) to remember, recall, call to mind

1a) (Qal) to remember, recall

1b) (Niphal) to be brought to remembrance, be remembered, be thought of, be brought to mind

1c) (Hiphil)

1c1) to cause to remember, remind

1c2) to cause to be remembered, keep in remembrance

1c3) to mention

1c4) to record

1c5) to make a memorial, make remembrance

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HVqc1cs — Verb · Qal · infinitive construct first person common singular
HVqc1cs
I will remember song my in the night with heart my I will meditate and it searched spirit my
נְגִינָתִ֗יne.gi.na.Ti song my H5058 Noun common feminine singular construct · suffix
14× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word refers to music or song, especially instrumental music played on a stringed instrument. In the Bible, it is used to describe the music played by musicians or the songs sung by worshipers.
Tyndale gloss
music
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

נְגִינָה (ngiynah) refers to music, particularly instrumental music associated with stringed instruments. It can also denote a song or poem set to music, including taunting or mocking songs. The term appears in contexts related to musical performance, as seen in Psalm 61's title.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[נְגִינָה] n.f. music

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5058 [נְגִינָה] music

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5058 ngiynah neg-ee-naw'

or ngiynath (Psa. 61:title) {neg-ee-nath'}; from 5059;

properly, instrumental music; by implication, a stringed

instrument; by extension, a poem set to music; specifically,

an epigram:--stringed instrument, musick, Neginoth (plural),

song.

see HEBREW for 05059

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נְגִינָה (ne.gi.nah) — music.

1) music, song, taunt song

1a) music (of stringed instrument)

1b) song

1b1) taunting or mocking song

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HNcfsc/Sp1bs — Noun common feminine singular construct · suffix
HNcfsc/Sp1bs
I will remember song my in the night with heart my I will meditate and it searched spirit my
בַּ֫לָּ֥יְלָהba.La.ye.lah in the night H3915 Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
233× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Night refers to the time of darkness, opposed to day, and can also symbolize adversity or hardship. It is a period of rest, but also of potential danger or uncertainty.
Tyndale gloss
night
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לַ֫יְלָה (layil) means 'night' and is derived from a root that suggests a twist away from light. It encompasses the literal sense of night as opposed to day, as well as figurative uses related to gloom or adversity. The term appears in contexts like Isaiah 21:11.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לַ֫יְלָה, לַ֫יִל 242 n.m. night

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3915 לַ֫יְלָה, לַ֫יִל night

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3915 layil lah'-yil

or (Isa. 21:11) leyl {lale}; also laylah {lah'- yel-aw}; from

the same as 3883; properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e.

night; figuratively, adversity:--((mid-))night (season).

see HEBREW for 03883

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לַ֫יְלָה (lay.lah) — night.

1) night

1a) night (as opposed to day)

1b) of gloom, protective shadow (fig.)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HRd/Ncmsa — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
HRd/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

nit.

See DAY AND NIGHT for the natural usage and the various terms.

1. In the Old Testament:

Figurative uses: The word "night" (laylah or layil is sometimes used figuratively in the Old Testament. Thus, Moses compares the brevity of time, the lapse of a thousand years, to "a watch in the night" (Ps 90:4). Adversity is depicted by it in such places as Job 35:10; compare Isa 8:20; Jer 15:9. Disappointment and despair are apparently depicted by it in the "burden of Dumah" (Isa 21:11,12); and spiritual blindness, coming upon the false prophets (Mic 3:6); again sudden and…

Smith's Bible Dictionary

[DAY]

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

The ancient Hebrews began their artificial day at evening, and ended it the next evening, so that the night proceeded the day. This usage may probably be traced to the terms employed in describing the creation, Ge 1:5,8,13, etc., "The evening and the morning were the first day." The Hebrews allowed twelve to the day; but these hours were not equal, except at the equinox. At other times, when the hours of the night were long, those of the day were short, as in winter; and when the hours of night were short, as at midsummer, the hours of the day were long in proportion. See HOURS.

The nights are sometimes extremely cold in Syria, when the days are very hot; and travelers in the deserts and among the mountains near Palestine refer to their own sufferings from these opposite extremes, in illustration of Jacob’s words in

→ General scriptures concerning Ge 1:5,16,18

→ Meditations in Ps 19:2; 77:6; 119:148; 139:11

→ Worship in Ps 134:1

→ Jesus prays all night Lu 6:12

→ No night in heaven Re 21:25; 22:5

→ Divided into watches Ex 14:24; Jud 7:19; 1Sa 11:11; Ne 12:9; Ps 63:6; 119:148; La 2:19;

I will remember song my in the night with heart my I will meditate and it searched spirit my
עִם־'im- with H5973 Preposition
1,052× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means with or together, like when God is with his people in Exodus 33:14-15. It's used to describe accompaniment or association, and can also mean against or beside. The word is used to convey a sense of relationship or proximity between people or things.
Tyndale gloss
with
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עִם (im) is a preposition meaning 'with' and covers a range of relationships, including companionship, locality, and possession. It can imply actions done jointly, equality, or even opposition in contexts like combat. The related form מֵעִם (me.im) means 'from with' or 'beside.' The entries reflect various nuances but do not present significant disagreement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עִם prep. with

of fellowship and companionship

of aid

Of actions done jointly with another

If the common action be of the nature of a contest or combat, with in the sense of against

Of dealing with a person, or of the relation in which one stands with, or towards, another

Of a common lot together with the wicked

Of equality or resemblance generally aid

Of time, as long as

Of a locality, close to, beside

Of persons, עִם is spec.

in the house or family or service of

In possession of

In the custody or care of

Beside = except

With = friendly with

Idiom. of a thought or purpose present with one

Metaph. together with = in spite of, notwithstanding

base

מֵעִם 72 from with or beside

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5973a עִם with . of fellowship and companionship

. Of a locality, close to, beside

. Of persons, עִם is spec. . in the house or family or service of

. In possession of

. In the custody or care of

. Beside = except

. With = friendly with

. Idiom. of a thought or purpose present with one

. Metaph. together with = in spite of, notwithstanding

H5973b מֵעִם from with, beside

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5973 `im eem

from 6004; adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction

with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with;

often with prepositional prefix (and then usually

unrepresented in English):--accompanying, against, and, as (X

long as), before, beside, by (reason of), for all, from

(among, between), in, like, more than, of, (un-)to,

with(-al).

see HEBREW for 06004

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עִם (im) — with.

1) with

1a) with

1b) against

1c) toward

1d) as long as

מֵעִם (me.im) — from with.

1a) beside, except

1b) in spite of

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HR — Preposition
HR
I will remember song my in the night with heart my I will meditate and it searched spirit my
לְבָבִ֥יle.va.Vi heart my H3824 Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
252× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The heart is the innermost part of a person, including their mind, will, and emotions. In the book of Psalms, David talks about his heart being heavy with sorrow, while in the book of Proverbs, it discusses the importance of guarding one's heart.
Tyndale gloss
heart
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

לֵבָב (lebab) refers to the inner man, encompassing the mind, will, and heart. It highlights aspects like emotions, moral character, and conscience, often contrasting the inner self with the outer. The term is used primarily for humans and can also denote courage and appetites.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֵבָב 251 n.m. inner man, mind, will, heart

seldom of things in the midst of the seas

usu. of men

the inner man in contrast with the outer

the inner man, indef. the soul, comprehending mind, affections and will

specific ref. to mind

spec. ref. to inclinations, resolutions, determinations of the will

spec. ref. to conscience

spec. ref. to moral character

= the man himself

spec. as seat of appetites

spec. of seat of the emotions and passions

seat of courage

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3824 לֵבָב inner man, mind, will, heart . seldom of things in the midst of the seas

. usu. of men . the inner man in contrast with the outer

. the inner man, indef. the soul, comprehending mind, affections and will

. specific ref. to mind

. spec. ref. to inclinations, resolutions, determinations of the will

. spec. ref. to conscience

. spec. ref. to moral character

. = the man himself

. spec. as seat of appetites

. spec. of seat of the emotions and passions

. seat of courage

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3824 lebab lay-bawb'

from 3823; the heart (as the most interior organ); used also

like 3820:--+ bethink themselves, breast, comfortably,

courage, ((faint), (tender-)heart((-ed)), midst, mind, X

unawares, understanding.

see HEBREW for 03823

see HEBREW for 03820

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לֵבָב (le.vav) — heart.

1) inner man, mind, will, heart, soul, understanding

1a) inner part, midst

1a1) midst (of things)

1a2) heart (of man)

1a3) soul, heart (of man)

1a4) mind, knowledge, thinking, reflection, memory

1a5) inclination, resolution, determination (of will)

1a6) conscience

1a7) heart (of moral character)

1a8) as seat of appetites

1a9) as seat of emotions and passions 1a10) as seat of courage

Aramaic equivalent: le.vav (לְבַב "heart" H3825)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HNcmsc/Sp1bs — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffix
HNcmsc/Sp1bs
I will remember song my in the night with heart my I will meditate and it searched spirit my
אָשִׂ֑יחָה'a.Si.chah I will meditate H7878 Verb · Qal · infinitive construct first person common singular
20× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to think deeply about something, like a problem or an idea, and to talk to oneself or others about it, as seen in the book of Psalms where David ponders God's creation.
Tyndale gloss
to muse
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שִׂיחַ (siyach) is a Hebrew verb meaning to muse or complain, encompassing a range of actions such as talking, singing, and meditating. It can imply conversing with oneself or aloud, and includes nuances of pondering and declaring thoughts. The entries consistently highlight its use in contexts of communication and reflection.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שִׂיחַ vb. denom. muse, complain, poet. talk (of)

Qal

complain

muse

talk (about), sing (of)

talk (with)

Pôl‛el meditate, consider

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7878 שִׂיחַ vb. denom. muse, complain, poet. talk of

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7878 siyach see'-akh

a primitive root; to ponder, i.e. (by implication) converse

(with oneself, and hence, aloud) or (transitively) utter:--

commune, complain, declare, meditate, muse, pray, speak, talk

(with).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שִׂיחַ (si.ach) — to muse.

1) to put forth, mediate, muse, commune, speak, complain, ponder, sing

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to complain

1a2) to muse, meditate upon, study, ponder

1a3) to talk, sing, speak

1b) (Polel) to meditate, consider, put forth thoughts

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HVqc1cs — Verb · Qal · infinitive construct first person common singular
HVqc1cs
I will remember song my in the night with heart my I will meditate and it searched spirit my
וַיְחַפֵּ֥שׂvay.cha.Pes and it searched H2664 Verb · Piel · sequential imperfect third person masculine singular
23× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for search means to look for something or someone, and can also mean to disguise oneself or hide. It is used in various forms throughout the Bible, such as in Psalm 119:2, where it means to seek God's commands.
Tyndale gloss
to search
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

חָפַשׂ (chaphas) is a Hebrew verb meaning to search or seek out. It can also imply disguising oneself or being searched for. The word has various forms, including Qal (to search), Niphal (to be searched out), and Hithpael (to disguise oneself). It encompasses a range of meanings related to searching, testing, and exposure.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[חָפַשׂ] vb. search

Qal search, search out

search for

= think out, devise

search = test

Niph. searched out = exposed and plundered

Pi.

search through

search for

Pu. be searched for = be hidden

Hithp. disguise oneself (lit. let oneself be searched for)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2664 [חָפַשׂ] search

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2664 chaphas khaw-fas'

a primitive root; to seek; causatively, to conceal oneself

(i.e. let be sought), or mask:--change, (make) diligent

(search), disquise self, hide, search (for, out).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חָפַשׂ (cha.pha.s) — to search.

1) to search, search for, to search out, disguise oneself

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to search for

1a2) to think out, devise

1a3) to search, test

1b) (Niphal) to be searched out, be exposed

1c) (Piel) to search, search through, search for

1d) (Pual) to be searched for, be sought out

1e) (Hithpael)

1e1) to disguise oneself

1e2) to let oneself be searched for

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Hc/Vpw3ms — Verb · Piel · sequential imperfect third person masculine singular
Hc/Vpw3ms
I will remember song my in the night with heart my I will meditate and it searched spirit my
רוּחִֽי׃ru.Chi spirit my H7307 Noun common both singular construct · suffix
378× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this word for spirit refers to the breath of life, the wind, or a person's mind and emotions, as seen in the book of Ezekiel.
Tyndale gloss
spirit
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רוּחַ (ruach) means breath, wind, or spirit. It encompasses various meanings, including the breath of life, emotional disposition, and the spirit of God. The term can refer to both physical phenomena, like wind, and abstract concepts, such as moral character or mental acts. Notably, it is used frequently in the context of divine inspiration and the Holy Spirit.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רוּחַ 378 n.f. (less oft. m.) breath, wind, spirit

breath of mouth or nostrils (33 t.)

wind (117 t.)

spirit, as that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation = temper, disposition (76 t.)

spirit of the living, breathing being

spirit as seat of emotion

occasionally (and late) = seat or organ of mental acts

rarely of the will

רוּחַ esp. of moral character

spirit of God (94 t.)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7307 רוּחַ breath, wind, spirit . breath of mouth or nostrils (33 t.)

. wind (117 t.)

. spirit, as that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation = temper, disposition (76 t.)

. spirit of the living, breathing being

. spirit as seat of emotion

. occasionally (and late) = seat or organ of mental acts

. rarely of the will

. רוּחַ esp. of moral character

. spirit of God (94 t.)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7307 ruwach roo'-akh

from 7306; wind; by resemblance breath, i.e. a sensible (or

even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger,

unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the sky; by

resemblance spirit, but only of a rational being (including

its expression and functions):--air, anger, blast, breath, X

cool, courage, mind, X quarter, X side, spirit((-ual)),

tempest, X vain, ((whirl-))wind(-y).

see HEBREW for 07306

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רוּחַ (ru.ach) — spirit.

: spirit

1) wind, breath, mind, spirit

1a) breath

1b) wind

1b1) of heaven

1b2) quarter (of wind), side

1b3) breath of air

1b4) air, gas

1b5) vain, empty thing

1c) spirit (as that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation)

1c1) spirit, animation, vivacity, vigour

1c2) courage

1c3) temper, anger

1c4) impatience, patience

1c5) spirit, disposition (as troubled, bitter, discontented)

1c6) disposition (of various kinds), unaccountable or uncontrollable impulse

1c7) prophetic spirit

1d) spirit (of the living, breathing being in man and animals)

1d1) as gift, preserved by God, God's spirit, departing at death, disembodied being

1e) spirit (as seat of emotion)

1e1) desire

1e2) sorrow, trouble

1f) spirit

1f1) as seat or organ of mental acts

1f2) rarely of the will

1f3) as seat especially of moral character

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HNcbsc/Sp1fs — Noun common both singular construct · suffix
HNcbsc/Sp1fs
Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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