Zechariah 7:11 — Word Study
WLCוַיְמָאֲנ֣וּ לְהַקְשִׁ֔יב וַיִּתְּנ֥וּ כָתֵ֖ף סֹרָ֑רֶת וְאָזְנֵיהֶ֖ם הִכְבִּ֥ידוּ מִשְּׁמֽוֹעַ׃
BSABut they refusedmâʼên▸ [to hearken, would not listen] to pay attentionqâshab [to hear and obey] and turnednâthan▸ [pulled away, gave] a stubbornçârar [refractory, rebellious] shoulderkâthêph [the upper end of the arm, where garments hang] they stopped upkâbad■ [closed, made heavy] their earsʼôzen [the ability to hear, the body part] from hearingshâmaʻ [listening, giving attention to]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וַיְמָאֲנ֣וּ | and they refused | Verb, Piel, sequential imperfect third person masculine plural |
| לְהַקְשִׁ֔יב | to pay attention | Preposition, verb hiphil infinitive construct common |
| וַיִּתְּנ֥וּ | and they gave | Verb, Qal, sequential imperfect third person masculine plural |
| כָתֵ֖ף | a shoulder | Noun common, feminine singular absolute |
| סֹרָ֑רֶת | stubborn | Verb, Qal, participle (active) feminine singular |
| וְאָזְנֵיהֶ֖ם | and ears their | Conjunction, noun common feminine dual construct, suffix |
| הִכְבִּ֥ידוּ | they made heavy | Verb, Hiphil, perfect third person common plural |
| מִשְּׁמֽוֹעַ׃ | from hearing | Preposition, verb qal infinitive construct common |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | But they refused to pay attention and turned a stubborn shoulder; they stopped up their ears from hearing. |
| KJV | But they refused to hearken, and pulled away the shoulder, and stopped their ears, that they should not hear. |
| ASV | But they refused to hearken, and pulled away the shoulder, and stopped their ears, that they might not hear. |
| YLT | And they refuse to attend, And they give a refractory shoulder, And their ears have made heavy against hearing. |
| WEB | But they refused to listen, and turned their backs, and stopped their ears, that they might not hear. |
| BBE | But they would not give attention, turning their backs and stopping their ears from hearing; |
Where they part company is הַקְשִׁ֔יב — see How Translations Differ.
The main verb governs the refusal, with two participial phrases describing the people's actions in response.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbמָאֵן
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Zechariah 7:11
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — A Call to Attentiongenerated
Zechariah 7:11 describes a time when the people of Israel turned away from God's instructions. Despite His calls for justice and righteousness, they chose to ignore Him, leading to dire consequences as outlined in the surrounding verses. This passage emphasizes the importance of listening to God's voice and obeying His commands, as neglecting them results in spiritual blindness and hardness of heart.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Zechariah 1:4 | Do not be like your fathers, to whom the former prophets proclaimed that this is what the LORD of Hosts says: ‘Turn now from your evil ways and deeds.’ But they did not listen or pay attention to Me, declares the LORD. |
| 2 | Exodus 10:3 | So Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh and told him, “This is what the LORD, the God of the Hebrews, says: ‘How long will you refuse to humble yourself before Me? Let My people go, so that they may worship Me. |
| 3 | 2 Kings 17:13–15 | Yet through all His prophets and seers, the LORD warned Israel and Judah, saying, “Turn from your wicked ways and keep My commandments and statutes, according to the entire Law that I commanded your fathers and delivered to you through My servants the prophets.” |
| 4 | 2 Chronicles 33:10 | And the LORD spoke to Manasseh and his people, but they did not listen. |
| 5 | Nehemiah 9:17–26 | They refused to listen and failed to remember the wonders You performed among them. They stiffened their necks and appointed a leader to return them to their bondage in Egypt. But You are a forgiving God, gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in loving devotion, and You did not forsake them. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 27 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — מָאֵן, vay.ma.'a.Nugenerated
The Hebrew word מָאֵן (ma'en) is a verb meaning 'to refuse' or 'to reject.' It is used in the Piel form, which indicates a strong refusal. This word conveys the idea of turning away from something that is offered, particularly in the context of listening to God's commands.
In this verse, the people actively choose to refuse God's call to pay attention. This refusal is not passive; it is a deliberate act of disobedience, highlighting their stubbornness and unwillingness to heed divine guidance.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb of the verse is מָאֵן, they refused, which governs the actions that follow. The structure includes several clauses: the main clause is followed by a prepositional phrase indicating the action of paying attention, and then two additional clauses that describe the people's stubbornness and their refusal to hear.
The Hebrew word order places emphasis on the refusal, making it clear that their actions stem from a deliberate choice to ignore God's voice.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates מָאֵן as ἠπείθησαν, meaning 'they disobeyed.' This choice reflects a similar concept of rebellion against God's commands, emphasizing the active nature of their refusal.
The use of προσέξειν for הַקְשִׁ֔יב suggests a focus on attentiveness, aligning with the Hebrew meaning but also broadening it to imply a deeper level of listening and understanding.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Zechariah 7:11 tells us that the people of Israel refused to listen to God's commands. They turned away from Him and became stubborn, closing their ears to His message. This refusal led to a hardened heart, which is a warning for all who hear God's voice.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Refusing to pay attention means actively choosing not to listen or obey, as seen in this verse where the people ignore God's call.
Stubbornness can create a barrier between us and God, making it difficult to hear His voice and follow His guidance.
Turning away from God's commands can lead to spiritual deafness and a hardened heart, as indicated in the surrounding verses.
We can ensure we are listening to God by being attentive to His word, seeking His guidance through prayer, and being open to His corrections.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what areas of my life might I be refusing to listen to God's voice?
- How can I cultivate a more attentive heart towards God's commands?
- What steps can I take to avoid stubbornness in my spiritual walk?
- How does ignoring God's messages impact my relationship with Him and others?
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Zechariah 7:11 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleBut they refused to hearken,..... That is, the Jews, before the captivity, refusal to give heed to the above exhortations, and obey the voice of God in them: and pulled away the shoulder; from
Read John Gill on Zechariah 7 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryBut they refused to hearken, and pulled away the shoulder, and stopped their ears, that they should not hear.
Read Robert Jamieson on Zechariah 7 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleBut they refused to hearken; they wilfully were ignorant, ant, would not consider nor understand. Pulled away the shoulder; next they shift from doing their duty, withdraw their shoulder from the yoke of the law, . And stopped their ears; and to make it highest contempt, they act the deaf man, stop their ears, and so turn their backs on God. That they should not hear; all this out of an obstinate resolution to be unacquainted with God’ s will and their own duty.
Read Matthew Poole on Zechariah 7 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsZechariah 7:11 But they refused to hearken, and pulled away the shoulder, and stopped their ears, that they should not hear.Ver. 11. But they refused to hearken] Being a nation void of counsel, Deuteronomy 32:28, not willing to know what they should do, lest they should do what they would not. Nay (said they once, when they had nothing else to say), but we will have a king. And pulled away the shoulder] As untamed heifers do from the yoke, or untoward porters from the burden. The Vulgate rendereth it: Averterunt scapulam recedentem, making it a metaphor from those that scornfully turn their backs upon their betters when they like not their commands; as the Earl of Essex did once upon Queen…
Read John Trapp on Zechariah 7 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(11) Pulled away the shoulder.—Better, offered a stubborn shoulder (Nehemiah 9:29), as an ox that refuses to receive the yoke.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Zechariah 7 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 11. Pulled away the shoulder] From under the yoke of the law, like an unbroken or restive bullock in the plough.
Read AdamClarke on Zechariah 7 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges11. pulled away the shoulder] Nehemiah 9:29; Hosea 4:16. stopped] Lit. made heavy, i.e. dull. Comp. Isaiah 6:10. The same word is used of the eyes, Genesis 48:10, and of the tongue, Exodus 4:10.
Read Cambridge on Zechariah 7 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleBut they gave a backsliding shoulder - Like a restive animal, which would not endure the yoke, dull and stupid as the beasts: as Hosea says, “Israel slideth back like a backsliding heifer” Hosea 4:16.
Read Albert Barnes on Zechariah 7 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
But they refused to pay attention and turned a stubborn shoulder; they stopped up their ears from hearing.
But they refused to listen, and turned their backs, and stopped their ears, that they might not hear.
But they refused to pay attention and turned a stubborn shoulder; they stopped up their ears from hearing.
“But they refused to pay attention, turning away stubbornly and stopping their ears so they could not hear.
Tyndale line
But they refused to hearken, and pulled away the shoulder, and stopped their ears, that they should not hear.
But they refused to hearken, and pulled away the shoulder, and stopped their ears, that they might not hear.
But they refused to hearken, and pulled away the shoulder, and stopped their ears, that they should not hear.
But they refused to hearken, and withdrew the shoulder, and stopped their ears, that they should not hear.
But they refused to hearken, and pulled away the shoulder, and stopped their eares, that they should not heare.
Strictly literal
But they refused to hearken, and turned a rebellious shoulder, and made their ears heavy, that they should not hear.
And they refuse to attend, And they give a refractory shoulder, And their ears have made heavy against hearing.
And they refuse to attend, || And they give a stubborn shoulder, || And their ears are made heavy against hearing.
But they refused to listen, and turned away rebelliously the shoulder, and stopped their ears, so as not to hear;
But they refused to pay attention and set their shoulders stubbornly. They stopped up their ears so they would not hear.
From the Latin
But they would not hearken, and they turned away the shoulder to depart: and they stopped their ears, not to hear.
Simplified
But they refused to listen. They were obstinate, turning their backs and closing their ears.
But they would not give attention, turning their backs and stopping their ears from hearing;
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in their wording for this verse, with seven of the eight words matching in both texts. This consistency indicates a shared understanding of the refusal to listen and the consequences that follow.
וַיְמָאֲנ֣וּ לְהַקְשִׁ֔יב וַיִּתְּנ֥וּ כָתֵ֖ף סֹרָ֑רֶת וְאָזְנֵיהֶ֖ם הִכְבִּ֥ידוּ מִשְּׁמֽוֹעַ׃
7 of the 8 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Zechariah 7:11
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
מָאֵן (ma'en) is a primitive root meaning to refuse. It is primarily used in the Piel form, indicating a strong refusal or rejection. The entries consistently emphasize this meaning without notable disagreement.
[מָאֵן] vb. Pi. refuse
base
H3985 מָאֵן refuse
3985 ma'en maw-ane'
a primitive root; to refuse:--refuse, X utterly.
מָאֵן (ma.en) — to refuse.
(Piel) to refuse
Conj | V-Piel-ConsecImperf-3mp — Verb · Piel · sequential imperfect third person masculine pluralHc/Vpw3mp
קָשַׁב (qashab) is a Hebrew verb meaning to listen or pay attention, particularly with reference to inclining one's ears. It encompasses actions like hearkening and giving heed. The word appears in contexts such as Isaiah 32:3, where it emphasizes attentiveness. The entries consistently describe its usage in both the Qal and Hiphil forms.
[קָשַׁב] 46 vb. incline, attend, of ears
Qal Is 32:3
Hiph. give attention
base
H7181 קָשַׁב incline, attend, of ears
7181 qashab kaw-shab'
a primitive root; to prick up the ears, i.e.
hearken:--attend, (cause to) hear(-ken), give heed, incline,
mark (well), regard.
קָשַׁב (qa.shav) — to listen.
1) to hear, be attentive, heed, incline (of ears), attend (of ears), hearken, pay attention, listen
1a) (Qal) incline, attend (of ears), hearken, pay attention, listen
1b) (Hiphil) to pay attention, give attention
Prep | V-Hiphil-Inf-a — Preposition · verb hiphil infinitive construct commonHR/Vhcc
The Hebrew word נָתַן (natan) means 'to give' and encompasses a wide range of applications such as putting, setting, and making. It can also indicate actions like bestowing, delivering, and assigning. The entries describe its use in various forms, including Qal, Niphal, and Hophal, but do not present any significant disagreements among lexicons.
נָתַן 2007 vb. give, put, set
Qal 1917
give
Put, set
Make, constitute
Niph.
82be given
Be put, set
Hoph.
be given, bestowed
= be given to one for wife
be put upon
base
H5414 נָתַן give, put, set .. give
. Put, set
. Make, constitute
. . be given
. Be put, set
. . . be given, bestowed
. = be given to one for wife
. be put upon
5414 nathan naw-than'
a primitive root; to give, used with greatest latitude of
application (put, make, etc.):--add, apply, appoint, ascribe,
assign, X avenge, X be ((healed)), bestow, bring (forth,
hither), cast, cause, charge, come, commit, consider, count, +
cry, deliver (up), direct, distribute, do, X doubtless, X
without fail, fasten, frame, X get, give (forth, over, up),
grant, hang (up), X have, X indeed, lay (unto charge, up),
(give) leave, lend, let (out), + lie, lift up, make, + O that,
occupy, offer, ordain, pay, perform, place, pour, print, X
pull , put (forth), recompense, render, requite, restore, send
(out), set (forth), shew, shoot forth (up), + sing, + slander,
strike, (sub-)mit, suffer, X surely, X take, thrust, trade,
turn, utter, + weep, + willingly, + withdraw, + would (to)
God, yield.
נָתַן (na.tan) — to give: give.
: give/deliver/send/produce
1) to give, put, set
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to give, bestow, grant, permit, ascribe, employ, devote, consecrate, dedicate, pay wages, sell, exchange, lend, commit, entrust, give over, deliver up, yield produce, occasion, produce, requite to, report, mention, utter, stretch out, extend
1a2) to put, set, put on, put upon, set, appoint, assign, designate
1a3) to make, constitute
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be given, be bestowed, be provided, be entrusted to, be granted to, be permitted, be issued, be published, be uttered, be assigned
1b2) to be set, be put, be made, be inflicted
1c) (Hophal)
1c1) to be given, be bestowed, be given up, be delivered up
1c2) to be put upon
נָתַן (na.tan) — to give: put.
: put/set/apppoint
1) to give, put, set
1a) (Qal)
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person masculine pluralHc/Vqw3mp
כָּתֵף (katheph) means 'shoulder' and can refer to the shoulder-blade, side, or slope of a mountain. It is derived from a root meaning to clothe, indicating the shoulder as the place where garments hang. The term can also describe shoulder-pieces of animals and supports, as well as lateral projections.
כָּתֵף n.f. shoulder, shoulder-blade, side
base
H3802 כָּתֵף shoulder, shoulder-blade, side
3802 katheph kaw-thafe'
from an unused root meaning to clothe; the shoulder (proper,
i.e. upper end of the arm; as being the spot where the
garments hang); figuratively, side-piece or lateral projection
of anything:--arm, corner, shoulder(-piece), side,
undersetter.
כָּתֵף (ka.teph) — shoulder.
1) shoulder, shoulder-blade, side, slope
1a) shoulder, shoulder-blade (of man)
1b) shoulder, shoulder-pieces (of animals)
1c) side, slope (of mountain)
1d) supports (of laver)
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absoluteHNcfsa
shol'-der (shekhem, katheph, zeroa` or zerowa`, or zero`ah, shoq; omos, brachion (Sirach 7:31 only)): The meanings of the Hebrew words are rather varied. The first (shekhem) has perhaps the widest application. It is used for the part of the body on which heavy loads are carried (Ge 21:14; 24:15,45; Ex 12:34; Jos 4:5; Jud 9:48). King Saul's impressive personality is thus described: "There was not among the children of Israel a goodlier person than he: from his shoulders and upward he was higher than any of the people" (1Sa 9:2; 10:23). To carry loads on the shoulder or to have "a staff on the shoulder" is expressive of…
סָרַר (sa.rar) is a Hebrew verb meaning to be stubborn or rebellious. It describes a moral turning away or refusal to obey, encompassing notions of backsliding and being refractory. The entries consistently highlight its use in contexts of rebellion and stubbornness, but do not provide specific verse references.
סָרַר vb. be stubborn, rebellious
base
H5637 סָרַר be stubborn, rebellious
5637 carar saw-rar'
a primitive root; to turn away, i.e. (morally) be
refractory:--X away, backsliding, rebellious, revolter(-ing),
slide back, stubborn, withdrew.
סָרַר (sa.rar) — to rebel.
1) to rebel, be stubborn, be rebellious, be refractory
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be stubborn
1a2) stubborn, rebel (subst)
V-Qal — Verb · Qal · participle (active) feminine singularHVqrfsa
The Hebrew word אֹ֫זֶן (*ozen*) means 'ear' and is derived from a root that suggests broadness. It refers to the physical ear as well as the organ of hearing, and can also imply the act of revealing or receiving divine revelation. The term appears in contexts such as Exodus 29:20.
אֹ֫זֶן 188 n.f. Ex 29:20 ear
ear, as part of body
especially as organ of hearing
open ears of, reveal to
base
H241 אֹ֫זֶן ear
241 'ozen o'-zen
from 238; broadness. i.e. (concrete) the ear (from its form
in man):--+ advertise, audience, + displease, ear, hearing, +
show.
see HEBREW for 0238
אֹ֫זֶן (o.zen) — ear.
: ear
1) ear, as part of the body
2) ear, as organ of hearing
3) (subjective) to uncover the ear to reveal; the receiver of divine revelation
אֹ֫זֶן (o.zen) — ear: hearing.
: hearing
1) ear, as part of the body
2) ear, as organ of hearing
3) (subjective) to uncover the ear to reveal; the receiver of divine revelation
אֹ֫זֶן (o.zen) — ear: to ears.
: to[ears_of](PERSON)
1) ear, as part of the body
2) ear, as organ of hearing
3) (subjective) to uncover the ear to reveal; the receiver of divine revelation
Conj | N-fd | Suff — Conjunction · noun common feminine dual construct · suffixHC/Ncfdc/Sp3mp
The Hebrew word כָּבֵד (kabad) is built from a primitive root meaning 'to be heavy.' It covers a range of meanings, including being burdensome, weighty, or honorable. The word can describe both a negative sense of heaviness or dullness and a positive sense of honor or glory. It appears in various forms, such as making oneself heavy or being made honorable.
כָּבֵד vb. be heavy, weighty, burdensome, honoured
Qal
be heavy, in weight
heavy, insensible, dull
be honoured
Niph.
pass.
be made heavy fr. abundance
be honoured, enjoy honour, of man
medial, get oneself glory (or honour), of God
Pi.
make heavy, insensible
make honourable, honour, glorify, usu. c. human subj.
Pu. be made honourable, honoured
Hiph.
make heavy
make heavy, dull, unresponsive, the ears
cause to be honoured
Hithp.
make oneself heavy, dense, numerous
honour oneself
base
H3513 כָּבֵד be heavy, weighty, burdensome, honoured .. be heavy, in weight
. heavy, insensible, dull
. be honoured
. . pass. . be made heavy fr. abundance
. be honoured, enjoy honour, of man
. medial, get oneself glory (or honour), of God
. . make heavy, insensible
. make honourable, honour, glorify, usu. c. human subj.
. be made honourable, honoured
. . make heavy
. make heavy, dull, unresponsive, the ears
. cause to be honoured
. . make oneself heavy, dense, numerous
. honour oneself
3513 kabad kaw-bad'
or kabed {kaw-bade'}; a primitive root; to be heavy, i.e. in
a bad sense (burdensome, severe, dull) or in a good sense
(numerous, rich, honorable; causatively, to make weighty (in
the same two senses):--abounding with, more grievously
afflict, boast, be chargeable, X be dim, glorify, be (make)
glorious (things), glory, (very) great, be grievous, harden,
be (make) heavy, be heavier, lay heavily, (bring to, come to,
do, get, be had in) honour (self), (be) honourable (man),
lade, X more be laid, make self many, nobles, prevail, promote
(to honour), be rich, be (go) sore, stop.
כָּבֵד (ka.vad) — to honor: honour.
: honour/glory
1) to be heavy, be weighty, be grievous, be hard, be rich, be honourable, be glorious, be burdensome, be honoured
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to be heavy
1a2) to be heavy, be insensible, be dull
1a3) to be honoured
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be made heavy, be honoured, enjoy honour, be made abundant
1b2) to get oneself glory or honour, gain glory
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to make heavy, make dull, make insensible
1c2) to make honourable, honour, glorify
1d) (Pual) to be made honourable, be honoured
1e) (Hiphil)
1e1) to make heavy
1e2) to make heavy, make dull, make unresponsive
1e3) to cause to be honoured
1f) (Hithpael)
1f1) to make oneself heavy, make oneself dense, make oneself numerous
1f2) to honour oneself
כָּבֵד (ka.vad) — to honor: heavy.
: heavy/severe
1) to be heavy, be weighty, be grievous, be hard, be rich, be honourable, be glorious, be burdensome, be honoured
V-Hiphil-Perf-3cp — Verb · Hiphil · perfect third person common pluralHVhp3cp
The Hebrew word שָׁמַע (shama`) means 'to hear' and encompasses a range of meanings including listening, obeying, and proclaiming. It is built from a primitive root and can imply attention and understanding. The entries highlight various grammatical forms, such as Qal, Niphal, Piel, and Hiphil, indicating different nuances of hearing and obeying. There is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.
שָׁמַע 1152 vb. hear
Qal 1052
subj. pers. hum.
י׳ (God) subj.
Niph. 42 be heard, of voice, sound
be heard of
be regarded, obeyed
= (favourable) hearing was granted to their voice.
Pi. he caused the people to hear
Hiph. 63
of man
י׳ subj.
base
H8085 שָׁמַע hear
8085 shama` shaw-mah'
a primitive root; to hear intelligently (often with
implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to
tell, etc.):--X attentively, call (gather) together, X
carefully, X certainly, consent, consider, be content,
declare, X diligently, discern, give ear, (cause to, let, make
to) hear(-ken, tell), X indeed, listen, make (a) noise, (be)
obedient, obey, perceive, (make a) proclaim(-ation), publish,
regard, report, shew (forth), (make a) sound, X surely, tell,
understand, whosoever (heareth), witness.
שָׁמַע (sha.ma) — to hear: hear.
: hear
v
1) to hear, listen to, obey
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to hear (perceive by ear)
1a2) to hear of or concerning
1a3) to hear (have power to hear)
1a4) to hear with attention or interest, listen to
1a5) to understand (language)
1a6) to hear (of judicial cases)
1a7) to listen, give heed
1a7a) to consent, agree
1a7b) to grant request
1a8) to listen to, yield to
1a9) to obey, be obedient
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be heard (of voice or sound)
1b2) to be heard of
1b3) to be regarded, be obeyed
1c) (Piel) to cause to hear, call to hear, summon
1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to cause to hear, tell, proclaim, utter a sound
1d2) to sound aloud (musical term)
1d3) to make proclamation, summon
1d4) to cause to be heard
n m
2) sound
שָׁמַע (sha.ma) — to hear: obey.
: obey
v
1) to hear, listen to, obey
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to hear (perceive by ear)
1a2) to hear of or concerning
1a3) to hear (have power to hear)
Prep | V-Qal-Inf-a — Preposition · verb qal infinitive construct commonHR/Vqcc