Final or Purpose Sentence

Final or Purpose Sentence
§ 148. Lighter ways of expressing purpose are—(a) The use of ‏וְ‎ (simple vav) with juss., coh., e.g. after an imper., or anything with the meaning of imper., as juss., cohort. Genesis 24:14 ‏הַטִּי־נָא כַדֵּךְ וְאֶשְׁתֶּה‎ let down thy pitcher that I may drink. Cf. Isaiah 5:19 after ‏למען‎ in first clause. Similarly after optative, neg., and interrog. sentences. See § § 62, 63. In this case the neg. purpose is expressed by ‏וְלֹא‎ with impf., or sometimes ‏לֹא‎ simply (‏בַּל‎ in poetry, Isaiah 14:21).
(b) The inf. cons. with ‏ל‎. Judges 3:1 ‏לְנַסּוֹת בָּם את־ישׂ׳‎ in order to prove Israel by them. The neg. purpose in this case is expressed by ‏לְבִלְתִּי‎. Genesis 4:15 ‏לְבִלְתִּי הַכּוֹת־אֹתוֹ כל־מֹֽצְאוֹ‎ that whoever found him might not kill him. Genesis 38:9. Cf. § 95.
§ 149. More formal telic particles are—‏לְמַעַן אְַשֶׁר‎ with impf., Jeremiah 42:6 ‏לְמַעַן אְַשֶׁר יִיטַב־לָנוּ‎ that it may be well with us; oftener ‏לְמַעַן‎ simply, with impf. or inf. cons., Genesis 27:25 ‏לְמַעַן תְּבָֽרֶכְךָ נַפְשִׁי‎ in order that my soul may bless thee. Judges 2:22 ‏לְמַעַן נַסּוֹת בָּם‎ in order to prove by them, cf. simple ‏ל‎ inf., Judges 3:1 (in b above). Judges 3:2, Joshua 11:20.—Genesis 18:19, Leviticus 17:5, 2 Samuel 13:5.—Genesis 12:13, Exodus 4:5, Deuteronomy 4:1, Hosea 8:4, Isaiah 41:20.—Genesis 37:22, 1 Kings 11:36, Amos 2:7, &c. The simple ‏אְַשֶׁר‎ is also common, Deuteronomy 4:10
‏אְַשֶׁר יִלְמְדוּן לְיִרְאָה אֹתִי‎ that they may learn to fear me.
Numbers 23:13, Deuteronomy 4:40; Deuteronomy 6:3 (cf. Deuteronomy 6:2); Deuteronomy 32:46. The neg. clause is best made by ‏אְַשֶׁר לֹא‎, Genesis 11:7, Exodus 20:26; but also by ‏למען אשׁר לא‎, Deuteronomy 20:18, Numbers 17:5, and by ‏למען לא‎, Ezekiel 19:9; Ezekiel 26:20, Psalms 119:11, Psalms 119:80; Psalms 125:3, Zechariah 12:7.
In the same sense ‏בַּֽעְַבוּר אשׁר‎ with impf., Genesis 27:10; more usually ‏בַּֽעְַבוּר‎ simply with impf., Genesis 27:4, or inf. cons., 2 Samuel 10:3.—Genesis 21:30; Genesis 46:34, Exodus 9:14; Exodus 19:9.—Exodus 9:16, 1 Samuel 1:6, 2 Samuel 18:18.
On ‏פֶּן‎ lest, that not, cf. § 127c.
Rem. 1. The form ‏לְמַעַן לְ‎ Ezekiel 21:15; so ‏בַּֽעְַבוּר לְ‎ 1 Chronicles 19:3. On the other hand ‏לְבעבור‎ 2 Samuel 14:20; 2 Samuel 17:14.—Joshua 4:24 rd. ‏למען יִרְאָתָם‎ inf.
Rem. 2. In Ezekiel 13:3 ‏ולבלתי רָאוּ‎ is not telic, but probably means, and after that which they have not seen; possibly ‏וּבִלְתִּי‎ should be rd. = ‏לֹא רָאוּ‎ (1 Samuel 20:26). In Ezekiel 20:9, Ezekiel 20:14, Ezekiel 20:22 ‏הֵחֵל‎ is inf. niph.—Jeremiah 27:18 ‏בֹאוּ‎ seems euphonic contraction for impf., cf. Jeremiah 42:10; Jeremiah 23:14 should perhaps be pointed in the same way ‏שֻׁבוּ‎ = impf. Exodus 20:23, 2 Samuel 14:14.
Rem. 3. The particles ‏למען‎, &c. are always telic, and do not express merely result. But sometimes the purpose seems to animate the action rather than the agent, Amos 2:7, Hosea 8:4, Micah 6:16, Psalms 30:12; Psalms 51:6.
Rem. 4. Peculiar, Deuteronomy 33:11 ‏מִן־יְקוּמוּן‎ that they rise not up ( = ‏מֵֽאְַשֶׁר‎). Psalms 59:13 ‏וְאֵינֵמוֹ‎... ‏כַּלֵּה‎ consume... that they be no more, cf. Job 3:10 ‏ואין‎.