1 Corinthians 5

Hendriksen

‹ Chapter 4 1 Corinthians — All Chapters Chapter 6 ›

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Incest) TDc.BestWidthsc.VisibleBorders.Leftc.VisibleBorders.Rightc.VisibleBorders.Topc.VisibleBorders.Bottomc.VAlign rvcMiddlec.Data )%-8 1 3 2 8 1 3 8 0 0 5:1 5 ) TDc.BestWidthMc.VisibleBorders.Leftc.VisibleBorders.Rightc.VisibleBorders.Topc.VisibleBorders.Bottomc.VAlign rvcMiddlec.Data GC-8 1 3 2 8 1 3 8 0 0 a. An Immoral Brother) TDc.BestWidthsc.VisibleBorders.Leftc.VisibleBorders.Rightc.VisibleBorders.Topc.VisibleBorders.Bottomc.VAlign rvcMiddlec.Data )%-8 1 3 2 8 1 3 8 0 0 5:6 8 ) TDc.BestWidthMc.VisibleBorders.Leftc.VisibleBorders.Rightc.VisibleBorders.Topc.VisibleBorders.Bottomc.VAlign rvcMiddlec.Data MI-8 1 3 2 8 1 3 8 0 0 b. A Timely Illustration) TDc.BestWidthsc.VisibleBorders.Leftc.VisibleBorders.Rightc.VisibleBorders.Topc.VisibleBorders.Bottomc.VAlign rvcMiddlec.Data +’-8 1 3 2 8 1 3 8 0 0 5:9 13 ) TDc.BestWidthMc.VisibleBorders.Leftc.VisibleBorders.Rightc.VisibleBorders.Topc.VisibleBorders.Bottomc.VAlign rvcMiddlec.Data A=-8 1 3 2 8 1 3 8 0 0
Excommunication) TDc.BestWidthsc.VisibleBorders.Leftc.VisibleBorders.Rightc.VisibleBorders.Topc.VisibleBorders.Bottomc.VAlign rvcMiddlec.Data +’-8 1 3 2 8 1 3 8 0 0 5:9 11 ) TDc.BestWidthMc.VisibleBorders.Leftc.VisibleBorders.Rightc.VisibleBorders.Topc.VisibleBorders.Bottomc.VAlign rvcMiddlec.Data C?-8 1 3 2 8 1 3 8 0 0 a. Miscommunication) TDc.BestWidthsc.VisibleBorders.Leftc.VisibleBorders.Rightc.VisibleBorders.Topc.VisibleBorders.Bottomc.VAlign rvcMiddlec.Data -)-8 1 3 2 8 1 3 8 0 0 5:12 13 ) TDc.BestWidthMc.VisibleBorders.Leftc.VisibleBorders.Rightc.VisibleBorders.Topc.VisibleBorders.Bottomc.VAlign rvcMiddlec.Data 73-8 1 3 2 8 1 3 8 0 0 b. A Judgment) 8 2 3 8 0 0 B. Immorality and Lawsuits ) 5:1 6:20 ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 5 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 1 It is actually reported that there is immorality among you, and of such a kind that does not even happen among the Gentiles, namely, that a man has the wife of his father. 2 And you are arrogant! Should you not rather be grieved? Put the man who practiced this deed out of your midst. 3 For even though I am absent in body but present in spirit, as if I were present I have already judged the man who has so committed this. 4 When you come together and I am with you in spirit with the power of our Lord Jesus, 5 in the name of our Lord Jesus deliver this man to Satan for destruction of the flesh that his spirit may be saved in the day of our Lord. ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 6 Your boasting is not good. Do you not know that a small amount of yeast causes the entire batch of dough to rise? 7 Clean out the old yeast, that you may be a new batch, unleavened, just as you are. For indeed Christ has been sacrificed as our Passover lamb. 8 Therefore, let us celebrate the feast not with old yeast, namely, with the yeast of malice and wickedness, but with the unfermented bread of sincerity and truth. ) 9 1 3 8 0 0
Incest) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 9 1 3 8 0 0 5:1 8) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 2 3 8 0 0 In the conclusion of the preceding chapter, Paul gave the Corinthians a choice: he would come to them either with a rod or in a spirit of love and gentleness. He implied that if they repented he would be to them a loving father, but if not, he would have to chasten them with a rod. ) This conclusion serves as a bridge to a new subject that Paul wants to discuss with the Corinthians. He has been told that someone in the church has committed the sin of incest and that this person has not been censured by the members of the church. This heinous sin in the sight of God and man must be removed. Both the man, because of his act of incest, and the church, because of its failure to act, are guilty of sin. ) 9 1 3 8 0 0 a. An Immoral Brother) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 9 1 3 8 0 0 5:1 5) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 6 1 3 8 0 0
It is actually reported that there is immorality among you, and of such a kind that does not even happen among the Gentiles, namely, that a man has the wife of his father.) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 a. ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 Report.) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 It is actually reported. The first word in the Greek sentence, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 holos) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 , is an adverb that means either actually, generally, or altogether. It conveys more the concept of thoroughness than of universality��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref1 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn1”

8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� and signifies that the whole story has been reported. Because it stands first in the sentence, the adverb is emphatic and modifies the impersonal verb ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 it is reported) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 . Paul is not interested in revealing who the reporter is or how he has received the news. He only states the fact and does not provide details, except to say that in an earlier letter he had warned the Corinthians not to associate with immoral people (v. 9; see the commentary). ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 b. ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 Content.) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.35.22|AUTODETECT|” There is immorality among you & a man has the wife of his father. Paul relates a report on immorality that pertains to a member of the church and the wife of the man s father. We are not told if the woman is a Christian or whether the man s father is living, but Paul gives the impression the father is still alive 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.35.22|AUTODETECT|” Gen. 35:22) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=30.2.7|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=30.2.7|AUTODETECT|” Amos 2:7) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). In Jewish circles, the wording ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 wife of his father) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=3.18.8|AUTODETECT|” meant stepmother. Although the woman was not biologically related to the son, yet because of her marriage vows to his father she plunged the son into sin by having sexual relations with him. God repeatedly told the Israelites, Do not have sexual relations with your father s wife; that would dishonor your father 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=3.18.8|AUTODETECT|” Lev. 18:8) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=3.20.11|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=3.20.11|AUTODETECT|” 20:11) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.22.30|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.22.30|AUTODETECT|” Deut. 22:30) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.27.20|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.27.20|AUTODETECT|” 27:20) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). If a son purposely had sexual relations with his stepmother, the community would have to put him to death by stoning. ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 Would a son be free to marry his stepmother if his father had passed away? In the first two centuries of the Christian era, some Jewish rabbis condemned a marriage of a proselyte son and his pagan stepmother, but others tolerated it.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref2 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn2”
8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� Is it possible that this tolerance was known to the Jewish people and proselytes in Corinth? We do not know. Regardless, Paul condemns the deed and calls attention to the conduct of the Gentiles in this matter. ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 Of such a kind that does not even happen among the Gentiles. ��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref3 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn3”
8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� When Paul mentions the word ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 Gentiles,) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 he certainly wishes to indicate the severity of the sin which the member of the church had committed. Paul alludes to the Gentiles to prod the Christian community to take action instead of allowing one member to shame the entire congregation. As one rotten apple in a box can spoil its entire contents, so one reckless sinner can make the entire Corinthian church ineffective in its witness to the Gentile community. ) 6 1 3 8 0 0

And you are arrogant! Should you not rather be grieved? Put the man who practiced this deed out of your midst.) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 2 3 8 0 0 Why were the Corinthians negligent in chastising this immoral person and expelling him? Paul s words are biting: You are arrogant. In the preceding chapter he stated that some of the Corinthians were arrogant in their talking (4:6, 18, 19). Now he addresses all the believers in Corinth, for he knows that the leaders have led the others astray. They have been haughty for some time already and continue to be proud. They think that they are free to decide not to do anything about this wickedness (6:12; 10:23), because they claim to possess superior knowledge (3:18; 8:1 2).

Paul faces the difficulty of trying to reason with people who lack both humility and constraint. ) With a rhetorical question that expects an affirmative answer Paul queries, Should you not rather be grieved? Now that he has alerted them to a blot on the body of the church, he is asking them to begin a period of mourning. The verb ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 to grieve) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=15.10.1-15.10.6|AUTODETECT|” refers to sorrow for sin that has been committed either by oneself or by others. The Old Testament provides the example of Ezra, who mourned over the unfaithfulness of the exiles. They had returned to Jerusalem and rebuilt the temple, but had married foreign women belonging to the people around them 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=15.10.1-15.10.6|AUTODETECT|” Ezra 10:1 6) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ).��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref4 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn4” 4) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� Paul tells the Corinthians to likewise enter a period of grieving and thus exhibit repentance with godly sorrow. Subsequently they will humble themselves before God and experience his loving presence. ) 8 2 3 8 0 0 The Corinthians must turn from their pride, show renewed obedience to God s law, and expel the evil man from the church. Paul says, Put the man who practiced this deed out of your midst. The Greek indicates that the man has committed an act of immorality, not that he continues to practice it. ) The time for church discipline has arrived. Discipline must take place, just as a surgeon must use a scalpel to remove a malignant tumor from a patient s body. If the Corinthians do not dismiss the immoral man from the church, the Christian community itself will be placed under divine condemnation (v. 13). The church of Jesus Christ is characterized by holiness and must remove the blatant and unrepentant sinner by excommunicating him. Conversely, removal accompanied by the church s repentance cleanses the body of Christ. ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 3. For even though I am absent in body but present in spirit, as if I were present I have already judged the man who has so committed this.) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 a. ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 Concession.) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 For even though I am absent in body but present in spirit. In verses 2 and 3, Paul gives his outspoken judgment on the matter of immorality. For emphasis, he places the pronoun ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 you) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 in verse 2 over against the pronoun ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 I) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 in verse 3. He admits that geographical distance separates him from the recipients of his letter, but this does not mean that his written words can be taken lightly. On the contrary, he is with the church in spirit, and in that sense he is giving personal leadership. In spirit he takes the gavel in hand, so to speak, and chairs the meeting of the local church. He knows that he and the Corinthians have to remove the blemish from the congregation. He does this through prayer on behalf of the Corinthians and through his epistle. ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 b. ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 Judgment.) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 As if I were present I have already judged the man who has so committed this. Paul tells the congregation that he has taken action with respect to the immoral man. He speaks as though he is in Corinth and in essence repeats himself when he says, as if I were present. He writes the perfect tense, I have already judged, to indicate that he had made a decision as soon as he heard about the offense. Because Paul does not speak of an action but of a judgment there is no question here of divine judgment as in the case of Ananias and Sapphira. ��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref5 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn5” 5) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 The wording is emphatic in the clause ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 the man who has) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 so ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 committed this) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 . For the sake of style some translators delete the word ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 so) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 . A few translations, however, dutifully include it to show Paul s intended emphasis.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref6 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn6” 6) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� Paul writes a sequence of three concepts that serve as demonstratives (the man, so, this deed). In the Greek, he points out that the act of sinning happened in the past and has lasting effects for the church. ) 8 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.18.15-40.18.17|AUTODETECT|” Let no one think that Paul is far removed from the scene and therefore powerless. Paul is not impotent; he wants the church to take action guided by his judgment. In proper assembly, the church must remove the man who has committed the crime. Paul does not list a detailed procedure for church discipline, yet we are confident that the practice of confirming the truth by two or three witnesses had to be followed 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.18.15-40.18.17|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 18:15 17) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 4. When you come together and I am with you in spirit with the power of our Lord Jesus, 5. in the name of our Lord Jesus deliver this man to Satan for destruction of the flesh that his spirit may be saved in the day of our Lord.) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 a. ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 Meeting.) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.18.20|AUTODETECT|” The intent of Paul s words is to move the church at Corinth to eliminate immediately this evil from its midst. He instructs the members to meet in assembly and to do so as if he himself were present. While they are gathered, they should call on Jesus name, who himself had promised that where two or three people gather in his name he will be present 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.18.20|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 18:20) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). In addition, they should know that Paul himself will be with them in spirit. They ought not to minimize his presence in spirit, as if his physical presence would be real and his spiritual presence illusory. No, not so for several reasons. First, Paul repeatedly writes, I am with you. Next, in the Greek he uses the emphatic personal adjective ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 my) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 with the noun ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 spirit) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 . In English idiom, this adjective is deleted. Third, the phrase ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 in spirit) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 is synonymous with the phrase the power of our Lord Jesus. Paul speaks with apostolic authority which Jesus delegated to him; as an apostle he wields divine power. ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 b. ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 Translations.) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 In verses 3, 4 and 5, Paul writes a lengthy sentence that lacks fluency and so reveals inner tension and agitation. The difficulty we face is the punctuation of this passage (vv. 3 5).��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref7 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn7” 7) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� The Greek original indicates that these verses can be construed as one loosely-connected sentence: For I verily, as absent in body, but present in spirit, have judged already, as though I were present, concerning him that hath so done this deed, in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, when ye are gathered together, and my spirit, with the power of our Lord Jesus Christ, to deliver such an one unto Satan for the destruction of the flesh, that the spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord Jesus -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref8 11 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn8” KJV) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). This single sentence becomes unwieldy and fails to communicate Paul s intention. ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 Modern translators present shorter sentences and introduce appropriate punctuation. But even then numerous questions remain, as is evident from the following translations. How should the phrase ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 in the name of our Lord Jesus) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 be construed? This phrase can modify one of four��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref9 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn9” 8) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� italicized clauses: ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 I have already pronounced judgment) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 in the name of the Lord Jesus on the man who has done such a thing. When you are assembled & you are to deliver this man to Satan. -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref10 11 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn10” RSV) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 When you are assembled) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 in the name of our Lord Jesus & hand this man over to Satan. -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref11 11 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn11” NIV) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 I as one who is present have already judged ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 the one who has done this thing) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 in the name of the Lord Jesus. When you are assembled & such a person should be handed over to Satan. ��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref12 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn12” 9) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 When you and my spirit are gathered together & you should, in the name of the Lord Jesus, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 hand over to Satan such a man) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 as this. -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref13 12 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn13” Cassirer) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) ) 8 2 3 8 0 0 Many translators favor the first reading because Paul, although absent from Corinth in body but present in spirit, speaks with authority in Jesus name. His verdict, then, is not a personal opinion but is pronounced on Jesus behalf and with his approval. ) Conversely, there is wisdom in looking at a phrase in the context of the Greek text and linking it to the nearest phrase. When church officials read this epistle in Greek to the congregations, the hearers had to link the phrase in question to either the preceding or the succeeding words. If we follow this principle, we might favor either the second or the third reading. ) 8 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.1.22-49.1.23|AUTODETECT|” Many scholars endorse the second reading: When you come together in the name of our Lord Jesus and I am with you in spirit with the power of our Lord Jesus. They maintain that believers who gather in the name of Jesus know that he is the head and they are the body 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.1.22-49.1.23|AUTODETECT|” Eph. 1:22 23) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.18.20|AUTODETECT|” ). And these believers know that where two or three are gathered in Jesus name, he will be in their midst 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.18.20|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 18:20) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). The objection to this reading is the repetitive phrase ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 of our Lord Jesus) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 . This phrase occurs with the nouns ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 name) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 and ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 power) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 and makes them indistinguishable. ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 The third reading conveys the sense that the man committed sexual sin with his stepmother in the name of the Lord Jesus. But this reading meets some objections. First, because of textual variants, it is difficult to decide whether the reading should be ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 our Lord Jesus) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 or ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 the Lord Jesus) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 . In view of Paul s usual wording throughout the epistle he nearly always speaks of the Lord without the identification ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 Jesus) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 scholars prefer he reading with the personal pronoun ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 our) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 . Next, there appears to be an incongruity in the conduct of a Christian son who had illicit intercourse with his Gentile stepmother and invoked the name of Jesus to justify his sin. I suspect that the last name this sinner would invoke would be the name of our Lord Jesus. Last, if this were the case, we would have expected Paul to mention the misuse of Jesus name with scathing rebuke. ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 The fourth reading seems best. If we take the prepositional phrase ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 in the name of our Lord Jesus) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 with the clause ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 deliver this man to Satan,) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 the sentence conveys Paul s command to the Corinthian congregation to expel the man. Except for the phrase ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 in the name of our Lord Jesus,) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 verse 4 should be understood as a parenthetical statement. The emphasis, then, falls on Paul s command and the church s execution of it. The Corinthians must obey Paul and act on the basis of Jesus authority. Paul says: [I have already judged]; in the name of our Lord Jesus, deliver this man to Satan. He tells the members that when they come together they must take action, for both Paul s spirit and Jesus power are present.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref14 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn14” 10) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� When the Corinthians act, they are aided by Paul s spiritual presence and Jesus power. ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 c. ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 Destruction.) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Deliver this man to Satan. I have translated the verb ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 to deliver) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.18.17|AUTODETECT|” as an imperative the Greek has an infinitive to show the severity of the case. Handing someone over to Satan is akin to the prescription Jesus gave his disciples: treat an unrepentant sinner as a pagan or a tax collector 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.18.17|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 18:17) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=54.1.20|AUTODETECT|” ). The command to deliver someone to Satan has a parallel in another epistle where Paul writes about some people shipwrecking their faith: Among them are Hymenaeus and Alexander, whom I have handed over to Satan to be taught not to blaspheme 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=54.1.20|AUTODETECT|” I Tim. 1:20) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) 8 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.28-43.10.29|AUTODETECT|” Paul s command to hand a person over to Satan is the act of excommunication. Excommunication purges evil from the church (compare v. 13). Believers are safe in the hand of God, from which no one, not even Satan, can snatch them 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.10.28-43.10.29|AUTODETECT|” John 10:28 29) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). But if a sinner is delivered to the prince of this world, he faces destruction. He no longer enjoys the protection which a caring Christian community provides. When adrift and deprived of spiritual support, he will come to his senses and subsequently repent. ) 8 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=28.2.7|AUTODETECT|” From the Old and New Testaments respectively we draw to examples of individuals who repented. Gomer, who as Hosea s sexually immoral wife personifies Israel, exclaims: I will go back to my husband as at first, for then I was better off than now 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=28.2.7|AUTODETECT|” Hos. 2:7) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.15.24|AUTODETECT|” ). And the prodigal son repented by confessing that he had sinned against God and against his father. He came to his senses after he herded pigs for a Gentile even on the sabbath and was physically starving. He had broken God s commands, but confessed his sin before God and of his own volition returned to his parental home. In the words of the father, the wayward son was dead but when he returned home he was alive again 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.15.24|AUTODETECT|” Luke 15:24) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.15.32|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.15.32|AUTODETECT|” 32) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 For destruction of the flesh. What does Paul mean by the word ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 flesh) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ? For lack of pertinent detail, we are forced to resort to either of two hypotheses. The first one is an explanation that flesh, when it pertains to the base part of man s physical life, causes him to sin.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref15 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn15” 11) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� In the hands of Satan, this part of a person s being perishes. We demur. Satan may destroy only that which God allows,��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref16 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn16” 12) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� but he never leads a sinner to Christ and repentance. He is set on leading a sinner further away from God. In brief, Satan restrains rather than promotes the cause of Christ. Therefore, this explanation fails to merit favor. ) 8 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=18.2.4-18.2.6|AUTODETECT|” We prefer the second hypothesis. In addition to the act of excommunication, God permits Satan to attack and gradually weaken man s physical body 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=18.2.4-18.2.6|AUTODETECT|” Job 2:4 6) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.12.7|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.12.7|AUTODETECT|” II Cor. 12:7) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ).��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref17 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn17” 13) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.5.1-44.5.10|AUTODETECT|” �� Paul is not referring to a sudden demise 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.5.1-44.5.10|AUTODETECT|” Acts 5:1 10) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) but to a slow process of physical decline. During this process, the sinner receives ample time to reflect on his condition and repent.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref18 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn18” 14) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 That his spirit may be saved. The clause on the destruction of the flesh is grammatically subordinate to this main purpose clause. Even though the Greek word ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 pneuma) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 (spirit) in translation can refer to the Holy Spirit or man s spirit, translators understand the term to refer to not the divine but the human spirit. Nevertheless, one scholar has suggested that the Christian community had to expel the incestuous man to avoid offense to the presence of the Holy Spirit. ��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref19 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn19” 15) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.4.30|AUTODETECT|” �� Certainly, Scripture teaches us not to grieve or stifle the Holy Spirit of God 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.4.30|AUTODETECT|” Eph. 4:30) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=52.5.19|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=52.5.19|AUTODETECT|” I Thess. 5:19) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). But that is not the point of the current passage. We reject this interpretation for at least three reasons. First, verse 5 contrasts man s flesh and spirit, not human flesh and Holy Spirit. Next, Paul states that man s spirit may be saved, not that the presence of the Holy Spirit may be kept. And last, in the preceding verses (vv. 3 and 4) the word ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 pneuma) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 occurs twice and refers to man s spirit, not to the Holy Spirit. ) 8 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.16.19-42.16.31|AUTODETECT|” The destruction of the flesh serves the purpose of making the sinner s soul whole again before he dies. The gift of salvation depends on repentance, which takes place during a person s earthly life, not after his death. Scripture clearly teaches us that repentance must take place on earth, not in hell. Physical death irrevocably closes the door to a second opportunity for repentance and salvation 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.16.19-42.16.31|AUTODETECT|” Luke 16:19 31) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 Yet Paul writes that the man s spirit may be saved on the day of the Lord, which seems to point to the judgment day. He does not imply that the man will have to wait until the end of time to be saved. Rather, Paul means that in this life the forgiven sinner receives salvation and in the day of the Lord is counted among those who are glorified. Salvation is primarily an eschatological reality, experienced in the present to be sure, but to be realized fully at the Day of the Lord. ��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref20 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn20” 16) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� Also, the phrase ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 day of the Lord) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.2.11|AUTODETECT|” can refer to more than the end of time when the judgment will take place. It can also mean a unique period during which God s people rejoice in the Lord. The Old Testament prophets understood the phrase to mean a time in which God claims victory over the world and his people triumph with him 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.2.11|AUTODETECT|” Isaiah 2:11) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.2.17-23.2.20|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.2.17-23.2.20|AUTODETECT|” 17 20) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=38.14.7|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=38.14.7|AUTODETECT|” Zech. 14:7) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) 8 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.4.6|AUTODETECT|” In his infinite wisdom to bring a sinner to repentance, God uses various means and methods 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.4.6|AUTODETECT|” I Peter 4:6) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). God is interested in the salvation of man s soul. ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 In the day of our Lord Jesus. Paul hopes that even though Satan may destroy the physical body, the man s spirit may be saved at the judgment day. The question remains whether this man was restored physically and spiritually.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref21 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn21” 17) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 Practical Considerations in 5:3 5) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=6.7.25-6.7.26|AUTODETECT|” When the Israelites entered Canaan and conquered Jericho, Achan transgressed God s command by taking items devoted to God. The people stoned him and thus removed God s wrath against sin 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=6.7.25-6.7.26|AUTODETECT|” Josh. 7:25 26) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). God calls his people to be a holy people. ) 8 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.5.1-44.5.11|AUTODETECT|” In the Jerusalem church, Ananias and Sapphira purposely tried to deceive the Holy Spirit. Peter uncovered their deception; and God removed them from the Christian community by taking their lives 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.5.1-44.5.11|AUTODETECT|” Acts 5:1 11) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). God wanted the followers of Jesus to honor the truth. ) 8 4 3 8 0 0 Paul confronted the Corinthian church with the incestuous behavior of one of its members. With a direct command, he instructed the members to expel the man from the church in the name of the Lord. The man s excommunication consists of being delivered into the hands of Satan. Paul charges the church to purge itself of wickedness and evil and to embrace the virtues of sincerity and truth (v. 8). ) If Paul had not acted forcefully to exclude this man from the church, his sin would have continued to infect the entire congregation. The man s immoral conduct posed a direct threat to the existence of the church itself. Christians dwell in a glass house, so to speak, and the world is free to observe them.

When the church fails to check a sin which the world condemns, the church has become ineffective. ) In our culture we observe a rapid growth of sects, cults, and religions other than Christianity. The reason for this phenomenal expansion is the church s lack of credibility. Its standards of morality fail to compare with those of other faiths. For many people it has become a sham: they see a church in which some leaders are corrupt, where discipline is lax, and where excommunication has become an obscure practice. ) The church today must deal seriously with sin. It must attempt to bring offenders to repentance and salvation or else resort to excommunication. In word and deed, it must exhibit an intense hatred for sin and a genuine desire for holiness.

Such holiness demands ardent love for Jesus Christ and total obedience to his commands. ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 Greek Words, Phrases, and Constructions in 5:1 5) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 9 1 3 8 0 0 Verse 1) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 2 3 8 0 0 E�� the adverb meaning altogether stands first in the sentence for emphasis and modifies the verb �� (it is reported), which in the present tense is iterative. ) �� the adjective denotes severity ; the noun, which occurs twice, normally means fornication but in this context signifies incest. The e�� clause is more explanatory than either a result or a purpose clause.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref22 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn22” 18) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 �� the position of this indefinite pronoun is unique; it is placed between �� (wife) and �� (of the father) and emphasizes both nouns.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref23 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn23” 19) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� ) 9 1 3 8 0 0 Verse 2) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 3 3 8 0 0 ��v Q�� the emphatic position of the pronoun with the conjunction is balanced by the introductory phrase �| �r� �� (for I) in verse 3. The particle �P�� is part of a rhetorical question that calls for an affirmative response. ) 5�� although this particle usually introduces a purpose clause, here an imperative structure makes sense. Thus 5�� is imperatival. ) �� the manuscript evidence for either this aorist participle or �� is about evenly divided. Both participles have the same meaning in this verse, so that the choice is difficult indeed. ) 9 1 3 8 0 0 Verse 3) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 �| �� as the first word in the sentence, this personal pronoun is emphatic. The particle �� stands by itself and is not balanced by a corresponding ��. The present participle �� (be absent) denotes concession . Its counterpart is ��|� �� (yet present). ) 9 1 3 8 0 0 Verses 4 5) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 !�� manuscript evidence for this personal pronoun appears to favor inclusion instead of omission. The presence of the word �� following the noun 8�� remains problematic because the external evidence of leading Greek manuscripts is strong for either inclusion or exclusion.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref24 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn24” 20) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� The possibility is that a scribe added the word to give extra weight to the phrase ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 . ) 8 2 3 8 0 0 �� Q�� the aorist passive participle from the compound verb �� (I gather) constitutes the genitive absolute construction, which extends to the next phrase (�� , and my spirit). ) �� the aorist infinitive, denoting single action, takes the place of an imperative: deliver! ) 9 1 3 8 0 0 b. A Timely Illustration) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 9 1 3 8 0 0 5:6 8) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 In the preceding verses, Paul explained the basis for his judgment to exclude the sinful brother from the Christian community. He now adds a vivid illustration taken from daily life: the process of baking bread. Paul uses the example of yeast that permeates a batch of dough and can contaminate the dough if the yeast harbors harmful bacteria. But to illustrate what he has in mind, he first has to remind the Corinthians of their sinful boasting. ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 6. Your boasting is not good. Do you know that a small amount of yeast causes the entire batch of dough to rise?) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 In a few words, Paul repeats what he had been saying earlier (see v. 2). He rebukes the Corinthians for their arrogance in not removing the sinner from their midst. He had already told them not to boast in men but in the Lord (compare 1:31; 3:21; 4:7). He wanted to humble them by showing them the reality of their situation and the seriousness of sin. Comments John Calvin, For they were as proud as if they were living in the conditions of a Golden Age, when in reality they were surrounded by many shameful and unseemly things. ��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref25 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn25” 21) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� ) 8 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.5.9|AUTODETECT|” If the Corinthian Christians do not act swiftly, the evil of immorality in their midst will destroy them all. Paul refers to yeast (also called leaven), which in his day consisted of dough retained from the time of the last baking. Liquid was added to a piece of this dough and was mixed with flour to start the process of fermentation. But if the yeast became infected with harmful bacteria, it would threaten the physical health of the people eating the baked bread. Hence, the cycle had to be abruptly broken by discarding the yeast. The illustration of contaminated yeast conveys the idea of its pervasiveness 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.5.9|AUTODETECT|” Gal. 5:9) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.12.15|AUTODETECT|” ) and its potential to bring harmful results. The Christians in Corinth, and especially those of Jewish descent, knew that at the time of the Passover celebration, every bit of yeast had to be removed from homes, and for an entire week Jewish people ate unleavened bread 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.12.15|AUTODETECT|” Exod. 12:15) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). Also, from Jesus teachings the Jewish Christians in Corinth knew that yeast often symbolized evil.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref26 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn26” 22) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 The second part of verse 6 is a rhetorical question that demands an affirmative answer. Of course, the Corinthians were fully acquainted with the harmful results of infected yeast. They knew that the amount of yeast is relatively small in comparison to the batch of dough. How much more will a sexual scandal of such a kind that does not even happen among the Gentiles (v. 1) corrupt the entire Christian community in Corinth! ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 7. Clean out the old yeast, that you may be a new batch, unleavened, just as you are. For indeed Christ has been sacrificed as our Passover lamb.) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 a. Clean out the old yeast. The first sentence of this verse seems to reveal an inherent contradiction. Paul commands the Corinthians to put away old yeast and at the same time states that they are a new batch, unleavened. But yeast must be interpreted symbolically in this context. Yeast stands for evil.

Just as the Jews had to remove old yeast from their homes and eat unleavened bread for an entire week, so the Corinthians must purge evil from their midst. When Paul says that they are unleavened, he means that they have been sanctified by Christ (1:2; 6:11) and are called to live holy lives. Paul stresses the positive and makes the negative subordinate to it. That is, their sanctification in Christ Jesus should prompt the Corinthians forthwith to remove the evil from their midst. Paul wants the Corinthian church to cleanse itself, much as the Jews once a year cleansed their homes of every particle of yeast. ) 8 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.12.33-2.12.34|AUTODETECT|” b. That you may be a new batch. The removal of old yeast from the homes of the Israelites in Egypt occurred in haste and symbolized their liberation from slavery 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.12.33-2.12.34|AUTODETECT|” Exod. 12:33 34) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.12.39|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.12.39|AUTODETECT|” 39) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). Purging the old yeast from the Corinthian church likewise must be done quickly; it symbolizes freedom from slavery to sin, specifically the sin of the incestuous party. Prior to celebrating the Passover feast, the Israelites had to purge every particle of yeast from their homes, because the Passover bread had to be without leaven. So the Christians in Corinth had to remove every trace of evil from their midst and demonstrate that they are a new batch, that is, a new people in Christ.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref27 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn27” 23) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 c. For indeed Christ has been sacrificed as our Passover lamb. Paul packs a volume of theology in a rather short sentence.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref28 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn28” 24) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� Because he places this sentence not in a theological context but in a passage relating to discipline, he is concise. The ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 imagery) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 of the paschal lamb s slaughter on the eve of the Passover feast and Christ s death on the cross must have come quite naturally to Paul.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref29 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn29” 25) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.12.7|AUTODETECT|” �� He reminds the Corinthians: The Israelites had to remove yeast from their homes before they could eat the Passover lamb. They then killed the lamb and put its blood on the sides and tops of their doorposts 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.12.7|AUTODETECT|” Exod. 12:7) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.12.13|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.12.13|AUTODETECT|” 13) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.9.26|AUTODETECT|” ). But when Christ was crucified, he, as the Lamb of God, became the supreme and final sacrifice for God s people 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=58.9.26|AUTODETECT|” Heb. 9:26) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.53.5-23.53.6|AUTODETECT|” ). He removed the sin of the world 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=23.53.5-23.53.6|AUTODETECT|” Isa. 53:5 6) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.1.29|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.1.29|AUTODETECT|” John 1:29) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). His people are sanctified because of his death on the cross. By bringing this theological outlook to mind, Paul expects the Corinthians to make a practical application and quickly remove sin from their midst. ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 In a ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 spiritual sense,) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Christians can celebrate Passover. Their sin has been purged through Christ s sacrificial death.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref30 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn30” 26) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� The followers of Christ are saved from eternal death by the blood of the Passover lamb slain at Golgotha. Christians are set free from the burden of guilt and have been given the gift of eternal life. ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 Is Paul giving a time reference in this passage that aids us in dating the epistle? No, because apart from the reference to Pentecost (16:8), this epistle is devoid of any type of chronology. From this passage we cannot deduce that Paul was about to celebrate the Jewish Passover in Ephesus. That would be putting something into the text instead of deriving something from it. ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 8. Therefore, let us celebrate the feast not with old yeast, namely, with the yeast of malice and wickedness, but with the unfermented bread of sincerity and truth.) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 a. ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 Negative.) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.2.12|AUTODETECT|” Let us celebrate the feast not with old yeast, namely, with the yeast of malice and wickedness. Paul is not requesting the Corinthian Christians to observe the Jewish celebration of Passover. If he were asking them to do so, he would be denying the significance of Christ s atonement. In addition, he would be asking Gentiles to become Jews before he could accept them as Christians. Neither is Paul saying that the Corinthians should celebrate the Lord s Supper, for in a subsequent chapter (11:17 34) he will teach them about Holy Communion. No, Paul is speaking figuratively about the joy Christians have in knowing that they are cleansed from sin. This exhortation implies celebrating our freedom in Christ Jesus, working out our own salvation 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=50.2.12|AUTODETECT|” Phil. 2:12) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.12.1-45.12.2|AUTODETECT|” ), and consecrating ourselves to do his will 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.12.1-45.12.2|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 12:1 2) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.2.5|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.2.5|AUTODETECT|” I Peter 2:5) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 The exhortation to celebrate a life of obeying the will of Christ excludes old yeast, that is, malice and wickedness. The expressions ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 malice) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 and ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 wickedness) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 are explanations of the term ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 old yeast,) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 which itself describes one s old sinful nature. Unconverted man is characterized by the vices of ill will and evil. Ill will is the wicked disposition of a person and evil is the sinister exercise of that disposition. In Greek, Paul writes the word ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 ponria) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 (evil), which refers to the activities of the devil. ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 b. ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 Positive.) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 [Let us celebrate the feast] with the unfermented bread of sincerity and truth. The language Paul employs is unmistakably metaphorical. He urges the readers to observe the feast of consuming unfermented bread, which means bread that is not contaminated and permeated by evil. This bread on which the Corinthians are to feed consists of sincerity or purity of mind. When Paul writes ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 sincerity,) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 he poses the opposite of the expression ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 ill will) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 . Purity of mind is an asset of the sanctified believer, whose purpose is to love the Lord and to love his neighbor as himself. ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 Further, the term ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 truth) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.14.6|AUTODETECT|” is the converse of evil, Jesus calls himself the truth 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.14.6|AUTODETECT|” John 14:6) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.19|AUTODETECT|” ) but describes the devil as the evil one 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.19|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 13:19) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.8.44|AUTODETECT|” ) and the father of lies 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.8.44|AUTODETECT|” John 8:44) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). In earlier passage, Paul informed the Corinthian Christians that they have fellowship with Christ (1:9). Now he tells them to eat the bread of truth, which signifies that they should live a new life untarnished by the evil influences of impurity and duplicity.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref31 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn31” 27) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 Instead of instructing the Corinthians to adopt exclusive standards of morality, Paul directs their attention to the truth in Christ. With that truth they are able to live in harmony with all God s precepts including moral principles.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref32 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn32” 28) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 Greek Words, Phrases, and Constructions in 5:7 8) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 9 1 3 8 0 0 Verse 7) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 2 3 8 0 0 �� the aorist active imperative from the compound verb �� (I clean out). The compound is more perfective (thorough) than directive. ) �� in this context the adjective conveys the idea of a break with the old to be completely new. The adjective �� means that the new exists together with the old 9 1 -1 9 0 0 New) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Testament). ) 9 1 3 8 0 0 Verse 8) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 2 3 8 0 0 e�� here the particle does not introduce a result clause but is inferential and means therefore. The verb in the present active subjunctive is hortatory and denotes continued action. ) �� literally, and not. This particle should be taken as an explanation of the term ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 old yeast) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 . ) 9 1 3 8 0 0 2. Excommunication) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 9 1 3 8 0 0 5:9 13) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 2 3 8 0 0 9 I wrote you in my letter not to associate with immoral people. 10 I referred not to immoral people of this world, or greedy people and swindlers or idolaters, because then you would have to leave this world. 11 But now I am writing you not to associate with anyone who, although he calls himself a brother, is an immoral person or a greedy person or an idolater or a slanderer or a drunkard or a swindler. With such a person do not even eat! 12 For what right do I have to judge those who are outside [the church]? Do you not judge those who are inside? 13 But God will judge those who are outside. ) Expel the evil man from among you. ) 8 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.2.4|AUTODETECT|” From the two Pauline epistles to the Corinthian church, we learn that Paul wrote two additional letters that are no longer extant. Before he penned I Corinthians, he already had sent the congregation an epistle with a message concerning immorality (5:9). And before he composed II Corinthians, he sent the church an epistle which may be called the sorrowful letter 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.2.4|AUTODETECT|” II Cor. 2:4) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) and seems to be different from I Corinthians. Altogether Paul sent four communications to Corinth (see the Introduction). ) 9 1 3 8 0 0 a. Miscommunication) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 9 1 3 8 0 0 5:9 11) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 9. I wrote you in my letter not to associate with immoral people. 10. I referred not to immoral people of this world, or greedy people and swindlers or idolaters, because then you would have to leave this world.) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 a. I wrote you in my letter. For several reasons we cannot assume that Paul is referring to this epistle. First, other than mentioning the incestuous man, he has not yet said anything about immoral people. Next, the phrase ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 I wrote you in my letter) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.10.10|AUTODETECT|” (literally, in the letter) suggests something that happened in the past; verse 11, but now I am writing, indicates a decided contrast. And last, Paul wrote many letters that have not become part of the New Testament 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=47.10.10|AUTODETECT|” II Cor. 10:10) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). Accordingly, we understand Paul to allude to a previous letter that has not been preserved. ) 8 2 3 8 0 0 b. Not to associate with immoral people. All we have left from Paul s earlier epistle is the above-mentioned clause, which in Greek consists of only three words and in English at least four: don t mingle with fornicators. The clause reflects Paul s concern for his readers living in the immoral city of Corinth. We lack further information on the content of the short letter of advice Paul had written, yet from his succeeding remarks we conclude that the Corinthians had misunderstood him. Now he explains what he has in mind, albeit in an awkward sentence whose meaning can best be conveyed by a paraphrase: ) c. I referred not��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref33 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn33” 29) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=43.17.14-43.17.18|AUTODETECT|” �� to immoral people of this world, or greedy people and swindlers or idolaters. Written communications often are open to misunderstanding. The writer means one thing but the reader understands another thing. In an oral dialogue one can ask for clarification and then receive an immediate answer. This is not the case with written correspondence, in which delays are common and anticipated. Lack of clarity, therefore, becomes a formidable hindrance to understanding.

The Corinthians understood Paul s initial letter to tell them not to associate with sexually immoral people of the world for example, those in the marketplace, the workshop, and the sports arena. The readers had laid the letter aside because they realized that Paul s order could not be implemented. In this imperfect world, Christians cannot stay away entirely from immoral people; otherwise they might as well leave this world 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=43.17.14-43.17.18|AUTODETECT|” John 17:14 18) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) 8 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=53.3.14|AUTODETECT|” However, Paul did not mean to say that the Corinthians should completely separate themselves from sexually immoral people. He meant to say: don t get involved with such people! 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=53.3.14|AUTODETECT|” II Thess. 3:14) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). He intended that the Corinthian Christians not associate with a fellow church member who practices sexually immoral acts. He told them to expel such a person from their midst. He objects to the presence of the incestuous man in the Corinthian church and for that reason writes the phrase ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 sexual immorality) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 four times (vv. 1, 9, 10, 11). We deduce that in the previous letter he had expressed himself with a general term, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 immoral people,) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 but now he is direct in his use of the singular: an immoral person (v. 11). ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 The catalogue of vices (greed, swindling, idolatry) actually is an extension of Paul s prohibition not to associate with people who perpetrate sexual immorality.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref34 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn34” 30) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.6.24|AUTODETECT|” �� The vices in this extended list pertain to the service of any idol instead of the living God. Greedy persons and swindlers serve not God but Money 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.6.24|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 6:24) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.16.13|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.16.13|AUTODETECT|” Luke 16:13) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.5.5|AUTODETECT|” ), and Jesus reveals the impossibility of serving both at the same time. Paul pointedly calls a greedy person an idolater 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.5.5|AUTODETECT|” Eph. 5:5) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.5.20|AUTODETECT|” ; see ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.5.20|AUTODETECT|” Gal. 5:20) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=51.3.5|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=51.3.5|AUTODETECT|” Col. 3:5) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) who will not inherit God s kingdom. Such persons are not part of the kingdom but of the world. ) 8 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.30|AUTODETECT|” d. Because then you would have to leave this world. If a Christian wanted to separate himself from worldly people, he would have to depart from human society altogether. According to Jesus parable, the wheat and the tares grow together in the field until the harvest. Then the weeds will be cast into the fire and the wheat stored in the barn 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=40.13.30|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 13:30) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). For the present, however, the believers has to live next door to the unbeliever. ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 11. But now I am writing you not to associate with anyone who, although he calls himself a brother, is an immoral person or a greedy person or an idolater or a slanderer or a drunkard or a swindler. With such a person do not even eat!) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 a. But now I am writing you. The adversative ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 but) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 contrasts the first words in verse 9, where Paul alluded to an earlier letter. Paul is saying, If any one doubted the purport of the former letter, it shall be impossible to mistake my meaning ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 now) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 . ��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref35 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn35” 31) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� I explain the adverb ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 now) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 as a reference to the present condition in the Corinthian church; it relates to time and to the matter concerning the incestuous man.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref36 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn36” 32) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 b. [Do] not & associate with anyone who, although he calls himself a brother, is an immoral person. In his earlier epistle Paul wrote the collective expression ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 immoral people,) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 but in the present context, the word means an immoral person. ) 8 3 3 8 0 0 To describe someone who is sexually immoral as a brother is to write a contradiction. These two concepts are mutually exclusive. But Paul qualifies his statement by saying that the immoral man calls himself a brother. Yet this person, because of his sin, cannot belong to the Christian community and is excluded from God s kingdom. His actions contradict everything the church teaches. If he remains within the Christian fellowship, the church can no longer be called Christian. ) c.

A greedy person or an idolater. Paul repeats himself in this extended list of vices. Nevertheless, he wants the Corinthians to know that sexual immorality is not the only sin which the Christian community condemns. Paul s condemnation of greed and idolatry apparently addresses the social condition of ancient Corinth. Due to trade of goods, transportation of merchandise, and travelers from abroad, money ruled supreme. Love of money invariably leads to idol worship whatever the idol may be. ) Paul frequently warns the Christians not to engage in idol worship.

The word ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 idolater) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.5.5|AUTODETECT|” occurs four times in this epistle (5:10, 11; 6:9; 10:7) and once in ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.5.5|AUTODETECT|” Ephesians 5:5) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.21.8|AUTODETECT|” 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.21.8|AUTODETECT|” Rev. 21:8) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.22.15|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=66.22.15|AUTODETECT|” 22:15) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ).��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref37 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn37” 33) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� This repeated warning reveals Paul s anxiety regarding idol worship, which he considered a blatant sin and a tribute to demonic powers.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref38 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn38” 34) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� ) 8 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.20.1-2.20.17|AUTODETECT|” d. A slanderer or a drunkard or a swindler. Two additional vices mentioned here are slander and drunkenness; Paul listed swindling in the preceding verse (v. 10). The list of sins he tabulates in this passage resembles some of the commandments of the Decalogue: do not practice idolatry, fornicate, steal, slander, or covet 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=2.20.1-2.20.17|AUTODETECT|” Exod. 20:1 17) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.5.6-5.5.21|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.5.6-5.5.21|AUTODETECT|” Deut. 5:6 21) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). Paul does not follow the sequence of the Ten Commandments; he stresses sins that were common in the culture of that day; he omits the command not to commit murder. ) 8 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=4.6.3-4.6.4|AUTODETECT|” In respect to the consumption of wine, both the Old and the New Testaments nowhere prescribe total abstinence. Only those bound by the Nazirite vow 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=4.6.3-4.6.4|AUTODETECT|” Num. 6:3 4) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=3.10.9|AUTODETECT|” ) and a few others are told to abstain 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=3.10.9|AUTODETECT|” Lev. 10:9) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=24.35.6|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=24.35.6|AUTODETECT|” Jer. 35:6) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=24.35.8|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=24.35.8|AUTODETECT|” 8) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=24.35.14|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=24.35.14|AUTODETECT|” 14) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=26.44.21|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=26.44.21|AUTODETECT|” Ezek. 44:21) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). The Scriptures, however, denounce the drunkard and warn him about the spiritual consequences of his intemperance (e.g., 6:10). ) 8 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.11.5-42.11.8|AUTODETECT|” e. With such a person do not even eat! In an Eastern society, established norms of hospitality might not be broken. To not offer food to a relative, an acquaintance, a friend, or a guest could be interpreted as a declaration of war. The parable of the friend at midnight indicates that a host would be willing to incur his neighbor s displeasure in an effort to obtain food for his guest 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.11.5-42.11.8|AUTODETECT|” Luke 11:5 8) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ).��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref39 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn39” 35) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.11.19|AUTODETECT|” �� In a reversal of the established norms, Jesus often ate with tax collectors and sinners and was called their friend 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.11.19|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 11:19) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.15.2|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.15.2|AUTODETECT|” Luke 15:2) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) and scandalized the religious leaders. Then, what is the point of Paul s injunction? ) 8 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.18.17|AUTODETECT|” The matter concerns church discipline. Jesus instructed his followers that his prescribed procedure for excommunication might result in a complete separation of the Christian community and the offending sinner 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.18.17|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 18:17) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=61.2.13|AUTODETECT|” ). The sinner is a blot on the integrity of the church 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=61.2.13|AUTODETECT|” II Peter 2:13) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=65.1.12|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=65.1.12|AUTODETECT|” Jude 12) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=53.3.14-53.3.15|AUTODETECT|” ). Such a sinner must be excluded from Christian fellowship. Then he may learn to see the error of his way, repent, and return to the faith 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=53.3.14-53.3.15|AUTODETECT|” II Thess. 3:14 15) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). By contrast, Christians could follow accepted social customs and eat with non-Christians. ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 Greek Words, Phrases, and Constructions in 5:9 11) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 9 1 3 8 0 0 Verse 9) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 �� this is not the epistolary aorist but the past tense of the verb ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 to write) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.15.15|AUTODETECT|” 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=45.15.15|AUTODETECT|” Rom. 15:15) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 In both verses 9 and 11, the compound present middle infinitive �� (to associate) is used as an imperative in an indirect command structure. ) 9 1 3 8 0 0 Verse 10) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 �P this combination appears to signify I do not mean immoral people in general. ��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref40 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn40” 36) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� ) 8 2 3 8 0 0 �� the first occurrence means the secular world, the second the entire world. ) �� Greek editions including Nestle-Aland, the British and Foreign Bible Society, and Merk have the reading ��, which links the two nouns �� (covetous persons) and �� (swindlers). The Majority Text has the reading $ (or), thus mechanically conforming to the context. The reading �� is strongly supported by both Alexandrian and Western witnesses. ��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref41 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn41” 37) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 �� with this conjunction, the clause reveals an ellipsis of a protasis in a contrary-to-fact conditional sentence: [if this were the case,] you would have to leave the world. The conjunction �� is not temporal but rather causal, in the sense of for otherwise (see 7:14).��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref42 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn42” 38) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� ) 9 1 3 8 0 0 Verse 11) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 4 3 8 0 0 �� this is the epistolary aorist. The writer views himself to be in place of the recipient of the letter; he writes the aorist but means the present. For a similar occurrence, see 9:15. ) @�� the present middle participle denotes concession: although he calls himself. ) �� the combination of the negative particle with the conjunction means not even. ) In two verses Paul sets forth the legitimacy of applying church discipline. He presents a clear demarcation of the lines of authority with reference to himself, to the Corinthian congregation, and to God. He concludes this section with an appeal to the congregation to let the Scriptures have the last word on this subject. ) 9 1 3 8 0 0 b. A Judgment) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 9 1 3 8 0 0 5:12 13) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 12. For what right do I have to judge those who are outside [the church]? Do you not judge those who are inside?) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 a. ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 Paul s right.) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Paul comes to the end of his discourse on excommunicating willful sinners. He refers to his misunderstood letter and his subsequent explanation (vv. 9 10): he is not talking about sinners outside the Christian community. When Paul uses the expression ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 those who are outside,) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 he discloses his Jewish background. The Jewish rabbis designated people who belonged to a different religion outsiders. ��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref43 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn43” 39) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� The insiders were those adhering to the Jewish faith. In this passage, Paul applies these terms respectively to the world and to the church. He openly admits that he does not have a right to judge the world. In the next chapter, Paul asks the Corinthians if they know that the saints will judge the world (6:2). But that particular verse speaks of the last judgment and not about the present time. ) 8 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.17.16|AUTODETECT|” This is not to say that Paul condoned the sinful lives of unbelievers. On the contrary, when he walked the streets of ancient Athens, he was agitated because the city was full of idols 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=44.17.16|AUTODETECT|” Acts 17:16) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). But Paul lacked authority to judge outside the church. ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 b. ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 The church s duty.) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Within the Christian community, not Paul but the entire church must judge those cases that call for decisive separation between church and world. When a member of the church intentionally persists in sin and refuses to repent, the church must exercise discipline. Then the church regards this person no longer as one of its own but rather as one of the world. Hence, Paul asks the Corinthians a rhetorical question that demands a positive answer: Do you not judge those who are inside? ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 Anyone who claims to be a member of the church must pledge obedience to Jesus Christ. But if he or she chooses to live in disobedience to the Lord, the entire congregation must exclude this person from its ranks. If the church fails to judge, it places itself on the side of the sinner and is equally guilty before God. Not an individual church leader but the entire church is responsible for administering discipline to unruly members. Writes C. K. Barrett, Responsibility for judgment is in the hands of the whole body of believers, not of a small group of ministerial authorities. ��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref44 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn44” 40) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 13. But God will judge those who are outside.) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 Expel the evil man from among you? ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 c. ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 God s task.) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 In the Greek, the difference between the present or the future tense of the verb ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 to judge) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 depends on an accent mark. But ancient manuscripts lacked accent marks, and therefore we are unable to determine whether Paul means to say God judges or God will judge. Translators are equally divided on this matter. Some favor the present tense and say that it points to competence.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref45 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn45” 41) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.18.25|AUTODETECT|” �� The judging of the world we defer to God, who is both omniscient and omnipotent. And with Abraham we query. Will not a Judge of all the earth do right? 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=1.18.25|AUTODETECT|” Gen. 18:25) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). He knows the lost and the saved of the people in the world. Other scholars prefer the future tense, in view of the first few verses of the next chapter (see the commentary on 6:1 4).��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref46 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn46” 42) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� In general, however, the difference is insignificant. God judges the people and will conclude this task on the judgment day. ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 In this passage, Paul clearly contrasts the members of the Corinthian church, whom he emphatically addresses with the pronoun ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 you) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 (v. 12), and God (v. 13). The church administers discipline for the sake of its purity, while God judges the people of the world. God certainly judges erring church members, but the task of expelling unrepentant sinners is a duty the church must exercise. ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 d. ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 God s word.) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Paul s concluding statement is a line from the Scriptures, Expel the evil man from among you. The text with a slight variation appears repeatedly in Deuteronomy.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref47 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn47” 43) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� The Old Testament passage in both the Hebrew and the Greek has the imperative verb ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 expel) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 in the singular. Paul, however, uses the second person plural of the present imperative to indicate that the entire congregation must be involved in the process of purging sin to achieve purity in the church. ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 The passage echoes Paul s earlier directive to deliver the incestuous man to Satan (v. 5). Paul calls attention to both this man and any other person in the congregation who deliberately practices evil. Paul presumably has chosen the Greek word for evil that features a play on the Greek word for fornicator. ��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref48 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn48” 44) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� The severity of expelling a sinner from the support and nurture of the church compares with the excommunication of social and moral outcasts in the Jewish society of Jesus day. When the sinner faces total isolation, the possibility of repentance is real. Church discipline is designed to cause contrition in the heart of the sinner and to nurture a desire to return to the care of the Lord Jesus. ) 6 1 3 8 0 0 Greek, Words, Phrases, and Construction in 5:13) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 1 3 8 0 0 �� the aorist imperative from the compound verb �� (I drive away) has a directive connotation (compare v. 2). ) 8 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.17.7|AUTODETECT|” � Q�� P�� away from yourselves. The Greek text of ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=5.17.7|AUTODETECT|” Deuteronomy 17:7) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 and parallels has the reflexive pronoun ��. This pronoun in the second person plural is introduced by the verb �� (you must purge) in the second person singular.��) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftnref49 10 1 -1 9 0 “#_ftn49” 45) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 �� ) 9 1 3 8 0 0 Summary of Chapter 5) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ) 8 4 3 8 0 0 After telling the Corinthians that he can come to them to either punish or love them (4:21), Paul reveals that he has heard about immorality within the local church. He reveals that a man has had sexual relations with his father s wife. Paul rebukes the members of the church for being arrogant; he admonishes them to grieve and to expel the sinner from their midst. He himself already has decided to exclude the man from the congregation by delivering him to Satan and then instructs the church to do so. ) Using a domestic illustration, Paul notes that yeast in a small quantity permeates an entire batch of dough. But contaminated yeast he speaks figuratively of yeast as ill will and evil must be discarded for the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth. ) Paul had written a letter to the Corinthians in which he ordered them to not associate with immoral people. Now he reveals that he had in mind not all the immoral people of the world, for then his readers would have to leave this world.

Instead, he admonishes them not to associate with people in the church who are immoral, greedy, idolatrous, slanderous, drunk, or intent on swindling. He forbids them to have table fellowship with these people. ) Church members must judge fellow members who engage in evil practices. Conversely, God is the judge of sinners who are outside the church. Paul concludes his discourse by quoting an appropriate verse from the Old Testament. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
_ftn1
10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref1”
1 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
The SEB has, It is being told everywhere. By contrast, JB reads, I have been told as an undoubted fact. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
_ftn2
10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref2”
2 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
SB, vol. 3, p. 358. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
_ftn3
10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref3”
3 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
Cicero condemns incest: ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0
Pro Cluentio) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
5.11 14. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
_ftn4
10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref4”
4 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=46.5.0|AUTODETECT|”
Bauer, p. 642. See also Brian S. Rosner, �P�� : Corporate Responsibility in ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=46.5.0|AUTODETECT|”
1 Corinthians 5) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0
NTS) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
38 (1992): 470 63. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
_ftn5
10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref5”
5 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
F. W. Grosheide, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0
Commentary on the First Epistle to the Corinthians: The English Text with Introduction, Exposition and Notes) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
, New International Commentary on the New Testament (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1953), p. 121. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
_ftn6
10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref6”
6 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
KJV, NKJV, NASB, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0
Cassirer) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
. Bauer translates the combination ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0
so) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
and ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0
this) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
as so basely (p. 597). ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
_ftn7
10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref7”
7 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
In my translation, I have made the phrase ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0
in the name of our Lord Jesus) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
part of verse 5. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
_ftn8
11 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref8”
KJV ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
King James Version ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
_ftn9
10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref9”
8 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
Hans Conzelmann lists six choices and Leon Morris seven. Consult Conzelmann s ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0
1 Corinthians: A Commentary on the First Epistle to the Corinthians) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
, ed. George W. MacRae, trans. James W. Leitch, Hermeneia: A Critical and Historical Commentary on the Bible (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1975), p. 97; Morris s ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0
1 Corinthians) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
, rev. ed., Tyndale New Testament Commentaries series (Leicester: Inter-Varsity; Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1987), pp. 84 85. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
_ftn10
11 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref10”
RSV ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
Revised Standard Version ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
_ftn11
11 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref11”
NIV ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
New International Version ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
_ftn12
10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref12”
9 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
Jerome Murphy-O Connor, I Corinthians V, 3 5, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0
RB) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=46.5.0|AUTODETECT|”
84 (1977): 245; Gerald Harris, The Beginnings of Church Discipline: ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=46.5.0|AUTODETECT|”
1 Corinthians 5) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0
NTS) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
37 (1991): 1 21. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
_ftn13
12 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref13”
Cassirer ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
A New Testament Translation, E. Cassirer ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
_ftn14
10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref14”
10 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=46.5.4|AUTODETECT|”
Refer to G. A. Cole, ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=46.5.4|AUTODETECT|”
1 Corinthians 5:4) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
& with my Spirit, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0
ExpT) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
98 (1987): 205. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
_ftn15
10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref15”
11 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=46.5.5|AUTODETECT|”
N. G. Joy, Is the Body Really to Be Destroyed? 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=46.5.5|AUTODETECT|”
1 Corinthians 5:5) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
), ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0
BibTr) 8 1 -1 9 0 0
39 (1988): 429 36; Anthony C. Thiselton, The meaning of ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0
Sarx) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=46.5.5|AUTODETECT|”
in ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=46.5.5|AUTODETECT|”
1 Corinthians 5.5) 8 1 -1 9 0 0: A fresh Approach in the Light of Logical and Semantic Factors, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 SJT) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 26 (1973): 204 28; J. Cambier, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.1.0|AUTODETECT|” La Chair et l Esprit ) 14 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=49.1.0|AUTODETECT|” en) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.*?id=49.1.0|AUTODETECT|”

8 1 -1 9 0 0 Cor. v. 5, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 NTS) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 15 (1969): 221 32. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn16 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref16” 12 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 See, however, T. C. G. Thornton, Satan God s agent for punishing, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 ExpT) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 83 (1972): 151 52. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn17 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref17” 13 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Colin Brown, among others, states that physical destruction is not envisaged 9 1 -1 9 0 0 NIDNTT) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 , vol. 1, p. 466). ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn18 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref18” 14 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Frederic Louis Godet, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 Commentary on First Corinthians) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 (1886; reprint ed., Grand Rapids: Kregel, 1977), p. 257; Morris, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 1 Corinthians) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 , p. 86. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn19 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref19” 15 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Adela Yarbro Collins, The Function of Excommunication in Paul, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 HTR) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 73 (1980): 263. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn20 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref20” 16 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Gordon D. Fee, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 The First Epistle to the Corinthians) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 , New International Commentary on the New Testament series (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1987), p. 213. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn21 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref21” 17 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Consult E. Fascher, Zu Tertullians Auslegung von 1 Kor 5, 1 5 (De Pudicitia c. 13 16), ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 ThLZ) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.5.0|AUTODETECT|” 99 (1974): 9 12; Brian S. Rosner, Temple and Holiness in ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.5.0|AUTODETECT|” 1 Corinthians 5) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 , ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 TynB) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 42.1 (1991): 137 45. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn22 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref22” 18 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 C. F. D. Moule, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 An Idiom Book of New Testament Greek) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 , 2d ed. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1960), p. 140. Bauer lists it as a result clause (p. 900). ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn23 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref23” 19 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Friedrich Blass and Albert Debrunner, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 A Greek Grammar of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 , trans. and rev. by Robert Funk (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1961), #473.1. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn24 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref24” 20 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Bruce M. Metzger, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 , 3d corrected ed. (London and New York: United Bible Societies, 1975), p. 550. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn25 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref25” 21 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 John Calvin, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 The first Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Corinthians) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 , Calvin s Commentaries series, trans. John W. Fraser (reprint ed.; Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1976), p. 109. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn26 10 1 3 8 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.16.6|AUTODETECT|” 22 ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.16.6|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 16:6) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.16.11|AUTODETECT|” , ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.16.11|AUTODETECT|”
8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.8.15|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=41.8.15|AUTODETECT|” Mark 8:15) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.12.1|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.12.1|AUTODETECT|” Luke 12:1) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.33|AUTODETECT|” . The parable of the yeast is an exception 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=40.13.33|AUTODETECT|” Matt. 13:33) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.13.21|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=42.13.21|AUTODETECT|” Luke 13:21) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn27 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref27” 23 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Consult Jean H�ring, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 The First Epistle of Saint Paul to the Corinthians) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 , trans. A. W. Heathcote, P. J. Allcock (London: Epworth, 1962), p. 36; SB, vol. 3, pp. 359 60. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn28 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref28” 24 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.5.7|AUTODETECT|” Dean O. Wenthe, An Exegetical Study of ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.5.7|AUTODETECT|” 1 Corinthians 5:7) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 b, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 Springfielder) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 38 (1974): 134 40. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn29 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref29” 25 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Donald Guthrie, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 New Testament Theology) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 (Downers Grove: Inter-Varsity, 1981), p. 464. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn30 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref30” 26 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Refer to J. K. Howard, Christ Our Passover : A Study of the Passover-Exodus Theme in 1 Corinthians, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 EvQ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 41 (199): 97 108. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn31 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref31” 27 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Anthony C. Thiselton, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 NIDNTT) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 , vol. 3, p. 886. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn32 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref32” 28 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Consult Ralph P. Martin, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 New Testament Foundations: A Guide for Christian Students) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 , 2 vols. (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1975), vol. 2, p. 397. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn33 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref33” 29 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 I was not, of course, referring to people in general who are & (REB). Bauer has by no means (p. 609) and Thayer not entirely (p. 476), but these last two translations fail to communicate. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn34 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref34” 30 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.5.0|AUTODETECT|” Peter S. Zaas, Catalogues and Context: ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.5.0|AUTODETECT|” 1 Corinthians 5) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 and 6, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 NTS) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 34 (1988): 622 29. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn35 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref35” 31 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 G. G. Findlay, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 St. Paul s First Epistle to the Corinthians) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 , in vol. 3 of ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 The Expositor s Greek Testament) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 , ed. W. Robertson Nicoll, 5 vols. (1910; reprint ed., Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1961), p. 812. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn36 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref36” 32 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Bauer has ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 as things now stand) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 (p. 545). ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn37 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref37” 33 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 The noun ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 idolatry) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.10.14|AUTODETECT|” appears four times in the New Testament 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.10.14|AUTODETECT|” I Cor. 10:14) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.5.20|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=48.5.20|AUTODETECT|” Gal. 5:20) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=51.3.5|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=51.3.5|AUTODETECT|” Col. 3:5) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.4.3|AUTODETECT|” ; ) 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=60.4.3|AUTODETECT|” I Peter 4:3) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 ). ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn38 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref38” 34 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Friedrich B�chsel, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 TDNT) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 , vol. 2, p. 380; Wilhelm Mundle, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 NIDNTT) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 , vol. 2, p. 286. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn39 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref39” 35 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Refer to Simon J. Kistemaker, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 The Parables of Jesus) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1980), p. 177. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn40 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref40” 36 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Blass and Debrunner, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 Greek Grammar) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 , #433.2. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn41 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref41” 37 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Metzger, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 Textual Commentary) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 , p. 551. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn42 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref42” 38 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Bauer, p. 284 ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn43 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref43” 39 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 SB vol. 3, p. 362. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn44 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref44” 40 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 C. K. Barrett, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 A Commentary on the First Epistle to the Corinthians) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 , Harper s New Testament Commentaries series (New York and Evanston: Harper and Row, 1968), p. 133. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn45 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref45” 41 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Godet, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 First Corinthians) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 , p. 278. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn46 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref46” 42 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Fee, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 First Corinthians) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 , p. 220 n. 7. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn47 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref47” 43 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Deut, 17:7; 19:19; 21:21; 22:21, 24; 24:7. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn48 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref48” 44 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.5.13|AUTODETECT|” Consult Peter S. Zaas, Cast Out the Evil Man from Your Midst 13 1 -1 9 0 “tw://bible.?id=46.5.13|AUTODETECT|” 1 Corinthians 5:13) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 b), ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 JBL) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 103 (1984): 259 61. ) -2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 _ftn49 10 1 3 8 0 “#_ftnref49” 45 ) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 Blass and Debrunner, ) 9 1 -1 9 0 0 Greek Grammar) 8 1 -1 9 0 0 , #288.1. )

New Testament Commentary (Baker)

William Hendriksen (1900–1982) was a Dutch-American Reformed theologian and professor at Calvin Theological Seminary. His New Testament Commentary series, later completed by Simon J. Kistemaker, covers the entire New Testament and is one of the most highly regarded Reformed commentary sets of the …

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New Testament

MAT MRK LUK JHN ACT ROM 1CO 2CO GAL EPH PHP COL 1TH 2TH 1TI 2TI TIT PHM HEB JAS 1PE 2PE 1JN 2JN 3JN JUD REV

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