1 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1
The Beauty of Ruth
The Character of Three Women
Ruth 1:6–18
– - – - – slide above, notes below – - – - -
A. Today we continue the story of Ruth
1. There are two books in the Bible named after women
a. Esther, a Jew who married a Gentile, and was the instrument of God’s deliverance of His people.
b. Ruth, a Gentile who married a Jew, and became the ancestress of God’s Deliverer from sin, the Lord Jesus Christ
2 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2
Review of what has happened
A. In a time of famine in the land, Elimelech has left Bethlehem-Judah with his wife, Naomi, and their two sons, Mahlon and Chilion, to live in the Plains of Moab
B. This was in the time of the judges, a time in which every one did what was right in their own eyes
C. Though this was not what God wanted for His people, we can sympathize with Elimelech in his natural desire to provide for his family
– - – - – slide above, notes below – - – - -
A. Paul told Timothy, and through him, told us that “All Scripture is inspired by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, for training in righteousness; that the man of God may be adequate, equipped for every good work.” (2 Timothy 3:16-17 NAS)
1. Sometimes in the Old Testament, there is specific indication as to whether a given act is good or evil; whether it should be imitated or not
2. But probably, more often, the story is told, without moral comment, and we are left to learn the lesson from it and the rest of Scripture
B. Such is this story found in the Book of Ruth
1. No judgements are pronounced, no commendations are given
2. But we are left to study the incident and to learn lessons for ourselves from it
3 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3
Review of events, continued:
A. Yet the outcome was not particularly happy
1.Elimelech died
2.His sons took Moabite women as wives
3. The sons died within a few years
B. And Naomi is left
1. In a foreign land
2. Bereft of husband and children
3. With two foreign daughters-in-law
4. About ten years after her husband’s death
5. Which is where we start today
– - – - – slide above, notes below – - – - -
A. It is consistent with the Bible and with what we read in Ruth to use this history as illustrative of the dangers of disobeying God and of God’s grace in what comes to pass. By the way, it would have cost them each a dowry to take these wives.
B. This week, in studying this book, I was surprised to find in one sermon, Naomi described as disobedient and as seeking to cover up her mistakes by sending her daughters-in-law back (Kerux sermon 18040). This is inconsistent with the history:
1. Elimelech may have been disobedient, but his wife had little, if any, say in the matter
2. Naomi never shows any sign of covertness; indeed, she is open to her daughters-in-law and to her neighbours when she returns; moreover, she openly confesses that what has happened to her is from the LORD, not an admission of guilt but of His sovereignty
C. Let’s see what you think as we read the next part of this history
4 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 4
Ruth 1:6-9 —Naomi decides to leave
– - – - – slide above (graphic: walled city), notes below – - – - -
A. 6 And she arose, she and her daughters-in-law, and began to return from the Plains of Moab; for she had heard in the the Plains of Moab that Yahweh had visited His people in order to give to them bread. 7 And she went out from the place where she had been, and both her daughters-in-law with her; and they went on the road in order to return unto the land of Judah. 8 Then said Naomi to both her daughters-in-law, ‘Go; return each of you to the house of her mother; may Yahweh deal mercifully with you, just as you have done with the dead and with me. 9 May Yahweh grant to you that you may find a restingplace here, each of you the house of her husband.’ And she kissed them and they lifted up their voice and they wept.
5 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 5
Ruth 1 :10-14 —Orpah & Ruth respond
– - – - – slide above (graphic: 3 women), notes below – - – - -
A. Don’t let this picture add things in your mind that are not in the text!
B. 10 Yet they said to her, ‘With you will we return to your people.’ 11 But Naomi said, ‘Return, my daughters; why should you come with me? Have I still sons in my womb that they should be husbands for you? 12 Return my daughters; go; for I am too old to have a husband. If I should say, “There is hope for me,” also, “I am married this night,” and also, “I shall bear sons;” 13 therefore, would you wait until they are grown? … therefore, would you restrain yourselves so as not to be married? Not so, my daughters, for it is very bitter to me on account of you, because the hand of Yahweh has gone out against me.’ 14 Then they lifted up their voice and wept yet again; and Orpah kissed her mother-in-law, but Ruth stayed with her.
6 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 6
Ruth 1:15–18 —Ruth’s Decision
– - – - – slide above (graphic: Naomi & Ruth), notes below – - – - -
A. 15 And she said, ‘Behold, your sister-in-law has returned unto her people and unto her gods; return after thy sister-in-law.’ 16 And Ruth said, ‘Do not entreat me to forsake you in order to return after her; for wherever you shall go, I shall go, and wherever you shall lodge, I shall lodge; your people shall be my people, and your God, my God; 17 wherever you shall die, I will die, and there I shall be buried; Oh that God may deal thus with me and more also, surely death only shall separate between you and me.’ 18 When she saw that she was determined to go with her, then she ceased to speak unto her.
B. Let’s go back and look at Naomi and her words …
7 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 7
Ruth 1:6-7 – They set out for Judah
A. What were the immediate and underlying reasons that Naomi arises to return to Judah?
B. According to their actions and Naomi’s testimony, what were her two daughters-in-law like?
C. Read these verses to yourself in whatever version that you have. Do you get the impression that both daughters-in-law intended to go to Judah?
– - – - – slide above, notes below – - – - -
A. Now Naomi hears that the famine in Israel is over. The word to visit when applied to God can mean both to visit with judgement or to visit with blessing. If we understand Judges and how God worked with His covenant people, Israel, then God had been visiting them with judgement, and, now after a presumed repentance by the nation, there comes renewed blessing.
B. They both showed a measure of faithfulness to her, for when she sets out they accompany her with the intention to go to Judah; moreover, she considers that they had acted in an admirable fashion to her sons and to herself. Sometimes unbelievers act with a kindness, goodness and generosity that should cause us shame who name the name of Jesus Christ.
C. Some translations make it clearer than others but the Hebrew puts the intention to return to Judah primarily upon Naomi: “She arose … she began to return” with the daughters-in-law accompanying her to the way or road (the “highway” as it were) in only an incidental fashion, but not necessarily committed to going all the way.
8 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 8
Ruth 1:8-9 – Naomi’s words to them
A. What possible motives could Naomi have in sending her daughters-in-laws back? Which do you consider the most likely given the entire conversation?
B. What things are revealed as being important to a woman in those days and in that place?
C. What do you think the relationship with their mother-in-law was like for these women?
D. How would you evaluate Naomi’s spiritual condition in these verses?
– - – - – slide above, notes below – - – - -
A. Naomi may have sensed some reluctance or doubt in the minds of her daughters-in-law. She could understand how they might feel … she, herself, had been in the same position some 10 or so years before and she had had husband and sons with her then … but now they had not even husbands. She could have been acting in care or kindness. She could have acted in self-pity, thrusting away even those who cared for her.
B. Being in their home (“house of her mother”, “a resting-place”), having a husband (“house of her husband”)
C. There appears to have been genuine affection, love for her (and she for them); desiring to be with her, weeping in coming to parting from her.
D. Medium-high? She invokes a blessing of the true God, Yahweh, upon them; she returns believing Yahweh is dwelling again with her people.
9 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 9
Ruth 1:10-14 – The conversation (1)
A. How did the daughters-in-law respond to this apparent parting of the ways?
B. What is Naomi’s argument for them to return?
C. Why was it ‘very bitter on your account” or, “more bitter for me than you” for Naomi?
– - – - – slide above, notes below – - – - -
A. Here they together explicitly express their intention to accompany her to Judah and to her people. The comment of Leah and Rachel that they no longer felt they were Laban’s daughters: Gen 31:14–15 – they may have not had much to which to return.
B. Naomi’s argument is based upon the Levirate marriage, that of a brother-in-law to take the widow to giver her children that the inheritance be carried on. This was general in the middle east where possessions would otherwise revert to the tribe. Deuteronomy 25:5ff makes this a duty of love.In Naomi’s words you can hear the Hebrew form of expression … “So I should still have hope! … so I should marry this night! … so I should have more sons! … so, would you wait?”
C. They still had the possibility of fulfilment with a family, but, to her mind, she did not nor could she partake in their fulfilment.
10 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 10
Ruth 1:10-14 – The conversation (2)
A. What was Naomi’s “Christian” testimony like to these Gentiles?
B. How would you evaluate Naomi’s spiritual condition in these verses?
C. What distinguishes between Orpah and Ruth?
D. What gospel lesson is in this?
– - – - – slide above, notes below – - – - -
A. What she says, and the way she says it, is not a particularly good advertisement to the one true God, Yahweh. Her words are not devoid of selfpity.
B. Medium-low: she, in her bereavement, only sees a frowning Providence, with no possibility of blessing; yet she still tacitly acknowledges His right in bringing this affliction upon her
C. Both had tremendously good intentions; only one persevered.
D. Not every seeker continues; the parable of the sower and the seed (soils) gives evidence of this. One mark of saving faith is perseverance (Matthew 10:22)
11 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 11
Ruth 1:15-18 – Ruth’s Decision
A. What sad truth do Naomi’s words to Ruth concerning Orpah convey?
B. What happy truths do Ruth’s words to Naomi convey?
C. How did this speech affect Naomi?
D. Any lessons for us here? …about witnessing?
– - – - – slide above, notes below – - – - -
A. Though they had spent 10 years together with Jewish husbands and motherin- law, apparently Orpah and Ruth had not left their pagan idols to turn to Yahweh. Even though Moabites were descendants of ‘just Lot’ they worshipped a horrible, heathen God, Chemosh.
B. Ruth gives evidence
1. Though now Naomi was spiritually down, she had shown spiritual witness in times past
2. Naomi’s life made Ruth desirous of sharing it
3. Ruth’s character was not only one of kindness and mercy, but also of faithfulness
4. Ruth had spiritual discernment – she did not want to return to her past life
C. Naomi ceased arguing; even her best reasons that Ruth should go back fell before Ruth’s words
D. Lives can be far more convincing than words. What you do speaks so loudly I cannot hear what you are saying!
12 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 12