ἀλλά, an adversative particle, derived from ἄλλα, neut. of the adj. ἄλλος, which was originally pronounced ἀλλός (cf. Klotz ad Dévar. ii. p. 1 sq.), hence properly, other things se. than those just mentioned. It differs from δέ, as the Lat. at and sed from autem, [ef. W. 441 sq. (411)]. 1. But. So related to the preceding words that it serves to introduce 1. an opposition to concessions; nevertheless, notwithstanding: Mt. xxiv. 6; Mk. xiii. 20; xiv. 28; Jn. xvi. 7, 20; Acts iv. 17; vii. 48; Ro. v. 14 sq.; x. 16; 1 Co. iv. 4; 2 Co. vii. 6; Phil. ii. 27 (ἀλλ᾽ ὁ θεός etc.), ete. 2. an objection: Jn. vii. 27; Ro. x. 18 sq.; 1 Co. xv. 35; Jas. ii. 18. 3. an exception: Lk. xxii. 53; Ro. iv. 2; 1 Co. viii. 7; xe 29: 4. a restriction: Jn. xi. 42; Gal. iv. 8; Mk. xiv. 36. 5. an ascensive transition or gradation, nay rather, yea moreover: Jn. xvi. 2; 2 Co. i. 9; esp. with καί added, Lk. xii. 7; xvi. 21; xxiv. 22. ἀλλ᾽ οὐδέ, but... not even (Germ. ja nicht einmal): Lk. xxiii. 15; Acts xix. 2; 1 Co. iii. 2 [Rec. οὔτε]; cf. Fritzsche or Mk. p. 157. 6. or forms a transition to the cardinay matter, especially before imperatives: Mt. ix. 18; Mk. ix. 22; xvi. 7; Lk. vii. 7; Jn. viii. 26; xvi. 4; Acts ix. 6 [not Rec.]; x. 20; xxvi. 16. 7. it is put elliptically: ἀλλ᾽ iva, i. 6. ἀλλὰ τοῦτο γέγονεν. ἵνα. Mk. xiv. 49; Jn. xiii. 18; xv. 25; 1 Jn. i. 19. 8. after a conditional or concessive protasis it signifies, at the beginning of the apodosis, yet [ef. W. 442 (411)]: after καὶ ei, 2 Co. xiii. 4 [RG]; Mk. xiv. 29 RGL, (2 Mace. viii. 15); after εἰ καί, Mk. xiv. 29 [T Tr WH]; 2 Co. iv. 16; v. 16; xi. 6; Col. ii. 5, (2 Mace. vi. 26); after ei, 1 Co. ix. 2; Ro. vi. 5, (1 Mace. ii. 20); after ἐάν, 1 Co. iv. 15; after εἴπερ, 1 Co. viii. 6 [L Tr mrg. WH br. ἀλλ᾽}; cf. Klotz ad Devar. ii. p. 93 sq.; Kiihner ii. p- 827, § 535 Anm. 6. 9. after a preceding μέν: Mk. ix. 13 [T om. Tr br. μέν]; Acts iv. 16; Ro. xiv. 20; 1 Co. xiv. 17. 10. it is joined to other particles; ἀλλά ye [Grsb. ἀλλάγε] (twice in the N. T.): yet at least, 1 Co. ix. 2; yet surely (aber freilich), Lk. xxiv. 21 [L T Tr WH add καί yea and ete.]}, cf. Bornemann ad loc. In the more elegant Greek writers these particles are not combined without the interposition of the most emphatic wore between them; cf. Bornemann l. c¢.; Klotz ad Devar. ii. pp. 15 sq. 24 sq.; Ast, Lex. Plat. i. p. 101; [W. 444 (413)]. ἀλλ᾽ 7 (arising from the blending of the two statements οὐδὲν ἄλλο ἤ and οὐδὲν ἄλλο, ἀλλά) save only, except: 1 Co. iii. 5 (where ἀλλ᾽ ἢ omitted by G L T Tr WH is spurious); Lk. xii. 51, (Sir. Xxxvii. 12; xliv. 10); and after ἄλλα itself, 2 Co. i. 13 [here Lchm. br. ἀλλ᾽ before 7]; cf. Klotz u. s. ii. 31 sqq.; Kiihner ii. p. 824 sq. § 535, 6; W. 442 (412); [B. 374 (320)]. ἀλλ᾽ οὐ but not, yet not: Heb. iii. 16 (if punctuated παρεπίκραναν : ἀλλ᾽ οὐ) for ‘but why do I ask? did not all,’ ete.; cf. Bleek ad loc. [W. 442 (411)]. ἀλλ᾽ οὐχί will he not rather? Lk. xvii. 8. 11. preceded by a negation: but (Lat. sed, Germ. sondern) ; 1. οὐκ (μή) . - . ἀλλά: Mt. xix. 11; Mk. v. 39; Jn. vii. 16; 1 Co. i. 17; vii. 10, 19 [οὐδέν]; 2 Co. vii. 9; 1 Tim. v. 23 [μηκέτι], ete. By a rhetorical construction οὐκ εὐνὴν ἀλλά sometimes is logically equiv. to not so much ..as: Mk. ix. 37 (οὐκ ἐμὲ δέχεται, ἀλλὰ τὸν ἀποστείλαντά pe); Mt. x. 20; Jn. xii. 443 Acts v. 4; 1 Co. xv. 10; 1 Th. iv. 8; by this form of speech the emphasis is laid on the second member; ef. Fritzsche on Mk. p. 773 sqq.; W- § δῦ, 8 b.; [B. 356 (306)]. οὐ μόνον... ἀλλὰ καί not only... but also: Jn. v. 18; xi. 52 [ἀλλ᾽ ἵνα καί, etc.]; Ro. i. 32, and very often. When καί is omitted (as in the Lat. non solum... sed), the gradation is strengthened: Acts xix. 26 [Lchm. adds καί]; 1 Jn. v. 6; ἀλλὰ πολλῷ μᾶλλον, Phil. ii. 12; ef. Fritzsche 1. 6. p. 786 sqq.; W. 498 (464); [B. 369 sq. (317)]. 2. The negation to which ἀλλά pertains is suppressed, but can easily be supplied upon reflection [W. 442 (412)]: Mt. xi. 7-9; Lk. vii. 24-26, (in each passage, before ἀλλά supply ‘ you will say you did not go out into the wilderness for this purpose’); Acts xix. 2 (we have not received the Holy Spirit, but ...); Gal. ii. 3 (they said not one word in opposition to me, but...) ; 2 Co. vii. 11 (where before ἀλλά, repeated six times by anaphora, supply οὐ μόνον with the accus. of the preceding word). It is used in answers to questions having the force of a negation [W. 442 (412)]: Jn. vii. 49; Acts xv. 11; 1 Co. x. 20. ἀλλὰ ἵνα [or ἀλλ᾽ ἵνα, cf. W. 40; B. 10] elliptical after a negation [W. 316 sq. (297); 620 (576); Fritzsche on Mt. p. 840 sq.]: Jn. i. 8 (supply ἀλλὰ ἦλθεν, iva) ; ix. 3 (ἀλλὰ τυφλὸς ἐγένετο [or eye νήθη], ἵνα) ; Mk. iv. 22 (ἀλλὰ τοιοῦτο ἐγένετο, ἵνα). [The best Mss. seem to elide the final a before nouns, but not before verbs” Scrivener, Plain Introduction, ete., p- 14; but see Dr. Gregory’s full exhibition of the facts in Tdf. Proleg. p. 93 sq., from which it appears that “elision is commonly or almost always omitted before a, almost always before v, often before ε and η, rarely before o and o, never before «; and it should be noticed that this coincides with the fact that the familiar words ἐν, ἵνα, ὅτι, ov, ὡς, prefer the form dAX’”; see also WH. App. p. 146. Cf. W. § 5,1a.; B. p. 10.]

ἀλλά alla 638x

but; however; but still more; ἀλλάγε, at all events; ἀλλή, unless, except. Ἀλλά also serves to introduce a sentence with keenness and emphasis, Jn. 16:2; Rom. 6:5; 7:7; Phil. 3:8

ἀλλά (ἀλλ’ usually bef. α and υ, often bef. ε and η, rarely bef. ο and ω, never bef. ι; Tdf., Pr., 93 f.; WH, App., 146), adversative particle, stronger than δέ; prop. neuter pl. of ἄλλος, used adverbially, with changed accent; hence prop. otherwise, on the other hand (cf. Ro 3:31); opposing a previous negation, but: οὐ (μὴ) . . . ἀ., Mt 5:15, 17 Mk 5:39, Jo 7:16, al.; rhetorically subordinating but not entirely negativing what precedes, οὐ . . . ἀ., not so much . . . as, Mk 9:37, Mt 10:20, Jo 12:44, al.; with ellipse of the negation, Mt 11:7-9, Ac 19:2, I Co 3:6 6:11 7:7, II Co 7:1, Ga 2:3, al.; in opposition to a foregoing pos. sentence, ἀ. οὐ, Mt 24:6, I Co 10:23; οὐ μόνον . . . ἀ. καί, Jo 5:18, Ro 1:32, al.; elliptically, after a negation, ἀ. ἵνα, Mk 14:49, Jo 1:8 9:3, al.; = εἰ μή (Bl., §77, 13; M, Pr., 241; but cf. WM, §iii, 10), Mt 20:23, Mk 4:22.

Without previous negation, to express opposition, interruption, transition, etc., but: Jo 16:20 12:27, Ga 2:14; before commands or requests, Ac 10:20 26:16, Mt 9:18, Mk 9:22, al.; to introduce an accessory idea, II Co 7:11; in the apodosis after a condition or concession with εἰ, ἐάν, εἴπερ, yet, still, at least, Mk 14:29, I Co 9:2, II Co 4:16, Col 2:5, al.; after μέν, Ac 4:17, Ro 14:20, I Co 14:17; giving emphasis to the following clause, ἀλλ’ ἔρχεται ὥρα, yea, etc., Jo 16:2; so with neg., ἀλλ’ οὐδέ, nay, nor yet, Lk 23:15.

Joined with other particles (a practice which increases in late writers; Simcox, LNT, 166), ἀ. γε, yet at least, Lk 24:21, I Co 9:2; ἄ ἤ., save only, except, Lk 12:51, II Co 1:13; ἀ. μὲν οὖν, Phl 3:8 (on this usage, v. MM, VGT, s.v.).

ἀλλά. The closeness οἱ ἀλλά to πλήν appears in more uses than one. Armitage Robinson, Zp/estans, p. 205, has a note on a quasi-resumpltive use of ἀλλά in Eph 524 which is closely paralleled by that of πλήν in ver. 33. Then there are instances of ἀλλά = ‘‘except.” ‘This is clear where we have ἀλλ᾽ ἤ (as in 2 Cor 13%): thus P Petr 11. 9 (3)® (B.c. 24139) ὥστε μηθένα εἶναι ἐνταῦθα ἀλλ᾽ ἢ ἡμᾶς, ‘ There is no one left here except ourselves” (Ed.), 2d. 46 (α)" (B.C. 209) καὶ μὴ ὑποκεῖσθαι πρὸς ἄλλο μηδὲν add’ ἢ τὴν mpoyeypap[μέν]ην ἐγγύην, “has not been pledged for any other purpose than the aforesaid security” (1α.), P Lond 89738 (a.p. 84) (=TIII. p. 207) ὃ μέντοιγε οὐ θέλων. ἀλλὰ ἢ ἀνάγκηι. In P Tebt I. το 419 (B.c. 92) μὴ ἐξέστω Φιλίσκωι γυναῖκα ἄλλην. μ γυ 7

ἀλλά (alla) — but. ἀλλά, conjunction, originally neuter plural of ἄλλος, otheruise: used adversatively to limit or oppose words, sentences, or clauses, stronger than δέ:

I. in simple oppositions, but,

I.1. after negative clauses, οὐ κακός, ἀλλ᾽ ἀγαθός[Refs 8th c.BC+]

I.1. b after a simple negative, ἦ παραφρονεῖ; οὔκ, ἀλλ᾽ ὕπνος μ᾽ ἔχει[Refs 5th c.BC+]

I.1. c frequently after οὐ μόνον, μὴ μόνον, with or without καί, οὐ μόνον ἅπαξ, ἀ. πολλάκις[Refs 5th c.BC+], either, not only.. but.., μὴ ὅτι ἰδιώτην τινά, ἀλλὰ τὸν μέγαν βασιλέα[Refs 5th c.BC+]; or, not only not.. but.., οὐχ ὅπως κωλυταὶ.. γενήσεσθε, ἀλλὰ καὶ.. περιόψεσθε[Refs 5th c.BC+]; the negative form is ἀλλ᾽ οὐδέ, μὴ ὅτι ὑπὲρ ἄλλου, ἀλλ᾽ οὐδὲ ὑπὲρ ἐμαυτοῦ δίκην εἴρηκα[Refs 4th c.BC+]

I.2. in the apodosis of hypothetical sentences, still, at least, εἴπερ γάρ τε.. ἀλλά τε[Refs 8th c.BC+]; εἰ μή (i.e. ὁρῶ), ἀλλ᾽ ἀκούω γε, [Refs 5th c.BC+] may be in juxtaposition, εἰ ἄλλοις οὐκ εἰμὶ ἀπόστολος, ἀλλά γε ὑμῖν εἰμί[NT+8th c.BC+]; εἰ καὶ μετέχουσι.. ἀλλ᾽ οὐ.. [Refs 8th c.BC+]

I.2. b after [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐὰν οὖν ἀ. νῦν γ᾽ ἔτι, i.e.ἐὰν οὖν [μὴἄλλοτε], ἀ. νῦν γε.. if then now at least ye still.., [Refs 5th c.BC+]:—without an adverb of Time, at least, ἡ δ᾽ ἀ. πρός σε μικρὸν εἰπάτω μόνον[Refs 5th c.BC+]

I.3. sometimes = ἀλλ᾽ ἤ (which see), except, but, οὔτι μοι αἴτιος ἄλλος, ἀ... τοκῆε no one else, but.., [Refs 8th c.BC+]: compare reverse process in our word but=be out, except:—sometimes with force of ἤ after comparatives, τάφον, οὐκ ἐν ᾧ κεῖνται μᾶλλον, ἀ.ἐν ᾧ ἡ δόξα κτλ. not that in which they are lying, but far more.., [Refs 5th c.BC+]

I.4. with negative after an affirmative word or clause, to be rendered simply by not, ἀγαθῶν, ἀ. οὐχὶ κακῶν αἴτιον[Refs 5th c.BC+]

I.4. b without negative, μικρὸς μὲν ἔην δέμας, ἀ. μαχητής[Refs 8th c.BC+]

II. to oppose whole sentences,but, yet:

II.1. frequently in transitions, as [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀ. οὐδ᾽ ὥς.. [Refs 8th c.BC+] in answers and objections, nay but.., well but.., frequently with negatives, especially in making and answering objections, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; also in affirmative answers, [Refs 5th c.BC+]:—repeated in a succession of questions or objections, πότερον ᾔτουν σέ τι..; ἀ. ἀπῄτου; ἀ. περὶ παιδικῶν μαχόμενο; ἀ. μεθύων ἐπαρῴνησ; [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀ. μήν.., answered by ἀ.., [Refs 8th c.BC+]

II.2. with imperative or subjunctive, to remonstrate, encourage, persuade, etc., frequently in [Refs 8th c.BC+]; answered by a second ἀ., ἀ. περιμένετε. ἀ. περιμενοῦμεν[Refs 5th c.BC+]

II.3. to break off a subject abruptly, ἀ. τά γε Ζεὺς οἶδεν[Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀ. ταῦτα μὲν τί δεῖλέγει; [Refs 5th c.BC+]

II.4. in resuming an address after parenthesis, [Refs 5th c.BC+]

II.5. in elliptical phrases, οὐ μὴν ἀ., οὐ μέντοι ἀ... it is not [so], but.., ὁ ἵππος πίπτει καὶ μικροῦ αὐτὸν ἐξετραχήλισεν· οὐ μὴν [ἐξετραχήλισεν] ἀ. ἐπέμεινεν ὁ Κῦρος it did not however [throw him], but.., [Refs 5th c.BC+]

III. when joined with other Particles, each retains proper force, as,

III.1. ἀλλ᾽ ἄρα, used by [Refs 8th c.BC+]; later, to introduce an objection, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; in questions,ἀλλ᾽ ἆρα..; [Refs]

III.2. ἀλλ᾽ οὖν, concessive, at all events, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; well then, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; but then, however, with γε following, [Refs 5th c.BC+]

III.3. ἀλλὰ γάρ, frequently with words between, but really, certainly, as ἀλλὰ γὰρ Κρέοντα λεύσσω.., παύσω γόους, but this is irregular for ἀλλά, Κρέοντα γὰρ λεύσσω, παύσω γόους, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; for the regular order[Refs 8th c.BC+] only with negatives, ἀλλ᾽ οὐ γάρ[Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀ. γὰρ δή, ἀ. γάρ τοι, [Refs 5th c.BC+]

III.4. ἀ. εἰ.. quid si.. ? [Refs 8th c.BC+]

III.5. ἀ. ἦ in questions, chiefly of surprise or remonstrance, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀλλ᾽ ἦ, τὸ λεγόμενον, κατόπιν ἑορτῆς ἥκομε; [Refs 5th c.BC+]

III.6. ἀ. followed by strengthening Particle, ἀλλ᾽ ἤτοι μὲν ταῦτα θεῶν ἐν γούνασι κεῖται[Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀλλά τοι[Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀ. μέντοι, with or without γε, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀ. μήν, see at {μή; ἀ. δή}, mostly with words between, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; without intervening words, [Refs 5th c.BC+]

IV. = et quidem, [Refs 6th c.AD+]