Ezekiel 43:17 — Word Study

Depth

WLCוְהָעֲזָרָ֞ה אַרְבַּ֧ע עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה אֹ֗רֶךְ בְּאַרְבַּ֤ע עֶשְׂרֵה֙ רֹ֔חַב אֶ֖ל אַרְבַּ֣עַת רְבָעֶ֑יהָ וְהַגְּבוּל סָבִ֨יב אוֹתָ֜הּ חֲצִ֣י הָאַמָּ֗ה וְהַֽחֵיק־ לָ֤הּ אַמָּה֙ סָבִ֔יב וּמַעֲלֹתֵ֖הוּ פְּנ֥וֹת קָדִֽים׃

BSAThe ledgeʻăzârâh [a square enclosure, the settle] [shall also be] squareʼêl fourteen [cubits]ʼarbaʻ [ten and four, a unit of measurement, about the length of a forearm] longʼôrek and fourteen [cubits]ʼarbaʻ widerôchab with a rimgᵉbûwl [border, edge] of halfchêtsîy [one part out of two] a cubitʼammâh and a gutterchêyq [a channel, a lower part] of a cubitʼammâh all aroundçâbîyb [surrounding, encompassing] itʼêth The steps of the altarmaʻălâh [ascent, a means of going up] [shall] facepânâh [turn towards, look to] eastqâdîym [the direction of the rising sun, the east wind]

Word

Listen & take awayEzekiel 43

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The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 17 is in this chapter.

Hebrew ↓ Download MP3

The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..

Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (ka.Dim) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.

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Ezekiel 43:17quick helps

In a sentenceEzekiel describes the dimensions and features of the altar ledge.

What is being describedThe ledge of the altar, including its size and shape.

Where we areIn the detailed instructions for the altar in Ezekiel's vision.

The hard wordעֲזָרָה

Take awayThe altar ledge is precisely defined, indicating its importance in worship.

Greek	English	Parsing
וְהָעֲזָרָ֞ה	and the ledge	Conjunction, particle, noun common feminine singular absolute
אַרְבַּ֧ע	[is] four-	Prep, Adj
עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה	teen [cubits]
אֹ֗רֶךְ	[the] length	Noun common, masculine singular absolute
בְּאַרְבַּ֤ע	by four-	Preposition
עֶשְׂרֵה֙	teen [cubits]
רֹ֔חַב	[the] breadth	Noun common, masculine singular absolute
אֶ֖ל	to	Preposition
אַרְבַּ֣עַת	[the] four
רְבָעֶ֑יהָ	sides its	Noun common masculine plural construct, suffix
וְהַגְּבוּל	and the border	Conjunction, particle, noun common masculine singular absolute
סָבִ֨יב	around	Noun common, both singular absolute
אוֹתָ֜הּ	the object marker it	Particle, suffix
חֲצִ֣י	[is] [the] half of	Noun common, masculine singular construct
הָאַמָּ֗ה	cubit	Particle, noun common feminine singular absolute
וְהַֽחֵיק־	and the gutter	Conjunction, particle, noun common masculine singular absolute
לָ֤הּ	of it	Preposition, suffix
אַמָּה֙	[is] a cubit	Noun common, feminine singular absolute
סָבִ֔יב	all around	Noun common, both singular absolute
וּמַעֲלֹתֵ֖הוּ	and steps its	Conjunction, noun common feminine plural construct, suffix
פְּנ֥וֹת	to face	Verb, Qal, infinitive construct common
קָדִֽים׃	east	Noun common, masculine singular absolute

Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.

8 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbפָּנָה The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›

How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Ezekiel 43:17

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — The Dimensions of the Altargenerated

16The altar hearth shall be square at its four corners, twelve cubits long and twelve cubits wide.

17The ledge shall also be square, fourteen cubits long and fourteen cubits wide, with a rim of half a cubit and a gutter of a cubit all around it. The steps of the altar shall face east.”

18Then He said to me: “Son of man, this is what the Lord GOD says: ‘These are the statutes for the altar on the day it is constructed, so that burnt offerings may be sacrificed on it and blood may be sprinkled on it:

19You are to give a young bull from the herd as a sin offering to the Levitical priests who are of the family of Zadok, who approach Me to minister before Me, declares the Lord GOD.

Ezekiel 43:17 provides specific measurements and details about the altar ledge, emphasizing its square shape and the dimensions that reflect the significance of the altar in worship practices. This description is part of a broader vision that outlines the temple's design and the rituals associated with it, as seen throughout the chapters in Ezekiel.

Cross References

	Reference	Text (BSB)
1	Exodus 25:25	And make a rim around it a handbreadth wide and put a gold molding on the rim.
2	Exodus 30:3	Overlay with pure gold the top and all the sides and horns, and make a molding of gold around it.
3	1 Kings 18:32	And with the stones, Elijah built an altar in the name of the LORD. Then he dug a trench around the altar large enough to hold two seahs of seed.
4	Exodus 20:26	And you must not go up to My altar on steps, lest your nakedness be exposed on it.’
5	Ezekiel 8:16	So He brought me to the inner court of the house of the LORD, and there at the entrance to the temple of the LORD, between the portico and the altar, were about twenty-five men with their backs to the temple of the LORD and their faces toward the east; and they were bowing to the east in worship of the sun.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 8 references, hung on the phrase they belong to

and the borderExodus 25:25 Exodus 30:3 1 Kings 18:32

his stairsExodus 20:26

look towardEzekiel 8:16 Ezekiel 40:6 1 Kings 6:8 Nehemiah 9:4

Nave’s Topical Bible — the subjects this verse is filed under

EzekielVisions ofAltarIn Solomon'S Temple

The Key Word — עֲזָרָה, ve.ha.'a.za.Rahgenerated

The noun עֲזָרָה (azarah) refers to an enclosure or ledge, particularly in a religious context. It denotes the space surrounding the altar, highlighting its role as a boundary for sacred activities.

This word is derived from a root meaning to surround, indicating its function as a defined area for worship. The parsing as a feminine singular noun emphasizes its specific role in the temple's structure.

How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.

Sentence Structuregenerated

The main clause centers around the finite verb וְהָעֲזָרָ֞ה (and the ledge), which governs the description of the ledge's dimensions and features. The structure is straightforward, presenting the measurements in a clear sequence.

The sentence flows logically, detailing the length and width first, followed by additional features like the rim and gutter, culminating in the directional aspect of the steps, which face east.

Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates עֲזָרָה as ἱλαστῆριον, which conveys a sense of a sacrificial or atoning place. This choice highlights the altar's significance in the context of worship and sacrifice.

This translation indicates a narrowing of focus from a general enclosure to one specifically associated with atonement, reflecting the theological implications of the altar in worship.

In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Ezekiel 43:17 describes the altar ledge as square, measuring fourteen cubits long and wide. It includes features like a rim and a gutter, all around it. The steps of the altar are directed towards the east, indicating a specific orientation in the temple's design.

Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What is the significance of the altar ledge?

The altar ledge serves as a defined space for sacrificial activities, emphasizing the importance of boundaries in worship.

Why are specific measurements given?

Specific measurements reflect the precision and care in the design of the temple, highlighting its sacredness.

What does it mean for the steps to face east?

Facing east symbolizes looking towards the rising sun, often associated with new beginnings and divine presence.

How does this verse connect to the overall vision in Ezekiel?

This verse is part of a detailed vision outlining the temple's structure and the rituals associated with worship, emphasizing God's desire for order and holiness.

Reflection Questionsgenerated

What does the precise design of the altar ledge tell us about the importance of worship in our lives?
How can we apply the concept of boundaries in our spiritual practices today?
In what ways does the eastward orientation of the altar steps influence our understanding of direction in worship?
How does the detailed description in Ezekiel inspire us to approach our worship with reverence and intention?

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Ezekiel 43:17 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

And the settle shall be fourteen cubits long and fourteen broad in the four squares thereof,.... Here Kimchi confesses his ignorance.

Read John Gill on Ezekiel 43 →

Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

And these are the measures of the altar after the cubits: The cubit is a cubit and an hand breadth; even the bottom shall be a cubit, and the breadth a cubit, and the border thereof by the edge

Read Robert Jamieson on Ezekiel 43 →

Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

The settle; so called now, since the uppermost carrieth the name of altar, proper to itself. Fourteen cubits, as said in the former verse: nor can it be otherwise, since it is one cubit on each side broader than the altar, which was twelve cubits square. The border; or a border, or ledge, fastened to the edge of the outside of this bench, that goes round about the settle. Half a cubit; about eleven inches, being the half of this great cubit: now this border was for security to the priests in their going round the altar, that if a foot slipped, this border might stay it. The bottom, the superficies, on which the priest treads when he is doing any thing on the altar, or the breadth of this…

Read Matthew Poole on Ezekiel 43 →

John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Ezekiel 43:17 And the settle [shall be] fourteen [cubits] long and fourteen broad in the four squares thereof; and the border about it [shall be] half a cubit; and the bottom thereof [shall be] a cubit about; and his stairs shall look toward the east.Ver. 17. And his stairs shall look toward the east.] As leading to the Sun of righteousness, and the light of eternal blessedness, arising out of heaven.

Read John Trapp on Ezekiel 43 →

AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible

Verse 17. And the settle] The ledge on which the priests walked round the altar, see Ezekiel 43:14. By these settles or ledges the altar was narrowed towards the top. "The ascent shall look toward the east;" this ascent was an inclined plane. But these settles, or more properly ledges, as Bp. Newcome translates, may be thus computed. The altar itself was ten feet high and twenty broad; the same as that of Solomon, 2 Chronicles 4:1. Cubits For the base, Ezekiel 43:13, is in height . . . 1 From the surface of the base to the first ledge, Ezekiel 43:14, is . . . From the lower ledge to the upper, Ezekiel 43:14, are . . . . 4 From the upper ledge to the ariel or hearth, Ezekiel 43:15, are . . .…

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CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

17. The “settle” referred to here is the higher or greater one (Ezekiel 43:14). Its area was a square of 14 cubits. The verse appears to say that this uppermost ledge had a border and an “enclosure” or setting just as the basement had. If so the “setting” or bosom was that for the Harel arising out of the block, and its size, a cubit, is simply the ledge itself. There is no ground at least to suppose that the “border” and setting refer to the altar-hearth—from which the measurer has descended and come down at any rate as far as the uppermost ledge. It may be made a question whether in the last half of Eze 43:17 he has not descended to the foot of the edifice, and whether the “border” and…

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Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

The settle - The “lower settle” (L), projecting beyond the “upper settle” (M) one cubit on every side.

Read Albert Barnes on Ezekiel 43 →

Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

13-17. Here follows the measure of the sacred temple altar of burnt offering (Ezekiel 40:47). Every measure is explicitly declared to be with the sacred cubit.

Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Ezekiel 43 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

The ledge shall also be square, fourteen cubits long and fourteen cubits wide, with a rim of half a cubit and a gutter of a cubit all around it. The steps of the altar shall face east.”

WEBWorld English Bible2000

The ledge shall be fourteen cubits long by fourteen wide in its four sides; and the border about it shall be half a cubit; and its bottom shall be a cubit around; and its steps shall look toward the east.”

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

The ledge shall also be square, fourteen cubits long and fourteen cubits wide, with a rim of half a cubit and a gutter of a cubit all around it. The steps of the altar shall face east.”

NETBNew English Translation2006

The ledge is 24½ feet long and 24½ feet wide on four sides; the border around it is 10½ inches, and its surrounding base 1¾ feet. Its steps face east.”

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

And the settle shall be fourteen cubits long and fourteen broad in the four squares thereof; and the border about it shall be half a cubit; and the bottom thereof shall be a cubit about; and his stairs shall look toward the east.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

And the ledge shall be fourteen cubits long by fourteen broad in the four sides thereof; and the border about it shall be half a cubit; and the bottom thereof shall be a cubit round about; and the steps thereof shall look toward the east.

RVARevised Version, American1894

And the settle shall be fourteen cubits long by fourteen broad in the four sides thereof; and the border about it shall be half a cubit; and the bottom thereof shall be a cubit about; and the steps thereof shall look toward the east.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

And the settle shall be fourteen cubits long and fourteen broad in its four squares; and the border about it shall be half a cubit; and the bottom of it shall be a cubit about; and its stairs shall look towards the east.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

And ye frame shalbe foureteene cubites log, and fourteene broade in the fouresquare corners thereof, and the border about it shalbe halfe a cubite, and the bottome therof shalbe a cubite about, and the steps thereof shalbe turned towarde ye East.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

And the settle was fourteen [cubits] long by fourteen broad in the four sides thereof; and the border about it, half a cubit; and the bottom thereof a cubit round about: and its steps looked toward the east.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

And the border [is] fourteen long by fourteen broad, at its four squares, and the border round about it [is] half a cubit, and the centre to it [is] a cubit round about, and its steps are looking eastward.'

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

And the border [is] fourteen long by fourteen broad, at its four sides, and the border around it [is] half a cubit, and the center of it [is] a cubit around, and its steps are looking eastward.”

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

And the projection shall be fourteen cubits in length, by fourteen in breadth on its four sides; and the border round about it shall be half a cubit; and its bottom shall be a cubit round about; and its steps shall look toward the east.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

Its border is fourteen cubits in length and fourteen cubits in width on each of its four sides, and its rim is a half cubit in width. The gutter is a cubit in width all around with its steps facing east.”

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

And the brim was fourteen cubits long, and fourteen cubits broad in the four corners thereof: and the crown round about it was half a cubit, and the bottom of it one cubit round about: and its steps turned toward the east.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

The ledge is also to be square, measuring fourteen cubits by fourteen cubits, with a half-cubit rim and a one-cubit gutter all around it. The altar steps are to face the east.”

BBEBible in Basic English1949

And the shelf is fourteen cubits long and fourteen cubits wide, on its four sides; the edge round it is half a cubit; the base of it is a cubit all round, and its steps are facing the east.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.

The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

וְandclausenoun phrase · subjectהָtheעֲזָרָ֞הledgenoun phrase · predicatenoun phrasenumeral phraseאַרְבַּ֧ע[is].four-עֶשְׂרֵ֣הteen.[cubits]אֹ֗רֶךְlengthprepositional phraseבְּbynoun phrasenumeral phraseאַרְבַּ֤עfour-עֶשְׂרֵה֙teen.[cubits]רֹ֔חַבbreadthprepositional phrase · prepositionalאֶ֖לtonoun phraseאַרְבַּ֣עַתthe.fournoun phraseרְבָעֶ֑יsidesהָitsוְandclausenoun phrase · subjectהַtheגְּבוּלborderadverb phrase · adverbialסָבִ֨יבaroundnoun phraseאוֹתָ֜הּitnoun phrase · predicateחֲצִ֣י[is].(the).halfnoun phraseהָof.(the)אַמָּ֗הcubitוְandclausenoun phrase · subjectהַֽthenoun phraseחֵיקgutterprepositional phraseלָ֤forהּitspredicateאַמָּה֙[is].a.cubitadverbialסָבִ֔יבall.aroundוּandclausenoun phrase · subjectמַעֲלֹתֵ֖stepsהוּitsverbפְּנ֥וֹת[are].to.faceadverbialקָדִֽיםeast

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.

The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in the wording of this verse, with 21 of the 22 words matched. The Septuagint's structure differs, reflecting its own grammatical style, but it retains the essential meaning.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

וְהָעֲזָרָ֞ה אַרְבַּ֧ע עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה אֹ֗רֶךְ בְּאַרְבַּ֤ע עֶשְׂרֵה֙ רֹ֔חַב אֶ֖ל אַרְבַּ֣עַת רְבָעֶ֑יהָ וְהַגְּבוּל סָבִ֨יב אוֹתָ֜הּ חֲצִ֣י הָאַמָּ֗ה וְהַֽחֵיק־ לָ֤הּ אַמָּה֙ סָבִ֔יב וּמַעֲלֹתֵ֖הוּ פְּנ֥וֹת קָדִֽים׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word

וְהָעֲזָרָ֞הἱλαστῆριονאַרְבַּ֧עδέκαעֶשְׂרֵ֣הτεσσάρωνאֹ֗רֶךְμῆκοςבְּאַרְבַּ֤עτέσσαραςעֶשְׂרֵה֙δέκαאֶ֖לἐπὶאַרְבַּ֣עַתτέσσαραרְבָעֶ֑יהָαὐτοῦוְהַגְּבוּלγεῖσοςסָבִ֨יבκυκλόθενאוֹתָ֜הּαὐτῷחֲצִ֣יἥμισυהָאַמָּ֗הπήξεοςוְהַֽחֵיק־κύκλωμαלָ֤הּαὐτοῦאַמָּה֙πῆξυςסָבִ֔יבκυκλόθενוּמַעֲלֹתֵ֖הוּαὐτοῦפְּנ֥וֹתβλέποντεςקָדִֽים׃ἀνατολάς

21 of the 22 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.

The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Ezekiel 43:17

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

“and the ledge [is] four- teen [cubits] [the] length by four- teen [cubits] [the] breadth to [the] four sides its and the border around the object marker it [is] [the] half of cubit and the gutter of it [is] a cubit all around and steps its to face east”

וְהָעֲזָרָ֞הve.ha.'a.za.Rah and the ledge H5835 Conjunction · particle · noun common feminine singular absolute ¶

9× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×

In plain English

Meaning

This Hebrew word refers to an enclosure or border, such as the outer court of the temple in Ezekiel's vision. It can also mean a ledge or a surrounding area.

Amplified meaning

a square enclosure, the settle

Tyndale gloss

enclosure

Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers

Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עֲזָרָה (azarah) refers to an enclosure or border, particularly in a religious context. It can denote the ledge surrounding Ezekiel's altar or the outer court of the temple. The term is derived from the root meaning to surround, indicating its function as a boundary or defined area.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עֲזָרָה n.f. appar. enclosure

ledge surrounding Ezekiel’s altar

outer court of temple

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5835 עֲזָרָה

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5835 `azarah az-aw-raw'

from 5826 in its original meaning of surrounding; an

inclosure; also a border:--court, settle.

see HEBREW for 05826

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עֲזָרָה (a.za.rah) — enclosure.

1) enclosure

1a) ledge (surrounding Ezekiel's altar)

1b) court (outer one of temple)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code

Berean parsing

Conj | Art | N-fs — Conjunction · particle · noun common feminine singular absolute
HC/Td/Ncfsa

Bible dictionarieson the English sense

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

lej (shalabh): The word in the sense of side-projection is used in 1Ki 7:28,29 in connection with the bases of Solomon's Molten Sea (see SEA, THE MOLTEN); in 7:35,36, where the King James Version uses the same word, the Revised Version (British and American) has "stay" (yadh, literally, "hand"). The Revised Version (British and American) likewise has "ledge" (round) for the King James Version "compass" (karkobh) in the description of the altar in Ex 27:5; 38:4 (see ALTAR), and the American Standard Revised Version substitutes "ledge" for "settle" (`azarah) in Eze 43:14,17,20; 45:19.

See TEMPLE.

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance

אַמָּהcubit×עֲזָרָהenclosure×אַרְבַּעfour×גָּדוֹלGreat (Sea)×דָּלdoor×עַדtill×נְחֹ֫שֶׁתbronze×אֹ֫רֶךְlength×

אַרְבַּ֧ע'ar.Ba' [is] four- H702 Prep · Adj ¶

318× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×

In plain English

Meaning

The number four is a simple counting number in Hebrew, used to describe quantities of things, such as people, objects, or groups.

Amplified meaning

ten and four, a unit of measurement, about the length of a forearm

Tyndale gloss

four

Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers

Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אַרְבַּע (arba) means 'four' in Hebrew. It is a masculine noun derived from the root associated with the number four. The entries consistently affirm this meaning without any significant disagreement among lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אַרְבַּע, אַרְבָּעָה four

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H702 אַרְבַּע, אַרְבָּעָה four

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

702 'arba` ar-bah'

masculine oarbaah {ar-baw-aw'}; from 7251; four:--four.

see HEBREW for 07251

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אַרְבַּע (ar.ba) — four.

four

Morphologythe parsing behind the code

Berean parsing

Prep | Adj — Prep · Adj
HAcbsc

Bible dictionarieson the English sense

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

for ('arba`; tessares): "Four" (cardinal number) was a sacred and complete number with the Hebrews, as well as with several other peoples. It occurs very frequently in the Old Testament and the New Testament.

(1) It indicates completeness. We have the four rivers of Paradise (Ge 2:10); the four winds of heaven (Eze 37:9; Da 7:2; 8:8; 11:4; Zec 6:5, the Revised Version, margin "spirits"; /APC 2Esdras 13:5); "the four winds" (Mt 24:31; Mr 13:27); "the four corners of the earth" (Isa 11:12;

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance

מֵאָהhundred×אֶ֫לֶףthousand×עָשָׂרten×אַרְבַּעfour×שָׁנָהyear×עֶשְׂרִיםtwenty×חֹ֫דֶשׁmonth×אֶחָדone×

עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה'es.Reh teen [cubits] H6240 ¶

339× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×

In plain English

Meaning

In Hebrew, this word means ten, and is used to form numbers like eleven or thirteen, as seen in Genesis 31:41. It is always used in combination with other numbers.

Tyndale gloss

ten

Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers

Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

עָשָׂר (asar) means 'ten' and is used exclusively in combination with other numbers to form the teen numbers (11-19), both as cardinal and ordinal forms. The entries indicate that it is derived from another Hebrew root, but do not elaborate on its etymology.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עָשָׂר, עֶשְׂרֵה ten, only after units to make num. 11-19, both cardinal and ordinal

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6240 עָשָׂר, עֶשְׂרֵה ten, only after units to make num. 11-19, both cardinal and ordinal

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6240 `asar aw-sawr'

for 6235; ten (only in combination), i.e. -teen; also

(ordinal) -teenth:--(eigh-, fif-, four-, nine-, seven-,

six-, thir-)teen(-th), + eleven(-th), + sixscore thousand, +

twelve(-th).

see HEBREW for 06235

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עָשָׂר (a.sar) — ten.

1) ten, -teen (in combination with other numbers)

1a) used only in combination to make the numbers 11-19

Morphologythe parsing behind the code

Berean parsing

HAcbsa —
HAcbsa

Bible dictionarieson the English sense

Thompson Chain Reference topics

measures of length

Ge 6:16; Ex 37:1; De 3:11; Mt 6:27; Re 21:17

--SEE Tables, 3532

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance

שְׁנַ֫יִםtwo×שָׁנָהyear×חֹ֫דֶשׁmonth×אַרְבַּעfour×אָחbrother: male-sibling×חָמֵשׁfive×מָלַךְto reign×שְׁמֹנֶהeight×

אֹ֗רֶךְ'O.rekh [the] length H753 Noun common · masculine singular absolute ¶

95× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×

In plain English

Meaning

Length can refer to physical distance or a long period of time, and also to patience and self-restraint, like waiting forever for something to happen.

Tyndale gloss

length

Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers

Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֹ֫רֶךְ (orek) means 'length' and can refer to physical length or duration of time. It also encompasses concepts of forbearance and self-restraint, particularly in the context of patience. The word is derived from a root associated with the idea of length, as noted in Strong's entries.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֹ֫רֶךְ 94 n.[m.] length

length

of time

forbearance, self-restraint

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H753 אֹ֫רֶךְ length

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

753 'orek o'rek'

from 748; length:--+ forever, length, long.

see HEBREW for 0748

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֹ֫רֶךְ (o.rekh) — length.

1) length

1a) physical length

1b) of time

2) forbearance, self-restraint (of patience)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code

Berean parsing

N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance

אַמָּהcubit×רֹ֫חַבwidth×עֶשְׂרִיםtwenty×חָמֵשׁfive×אֶ֫לֶףthousand×סָבִיבaround×מֵאָהhundred×אֶחָדone×

בְּאַרְבַּ֤עbe.'ar.Ba' by four- H702 Preposition ¶

318× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×

In plain English

Meaning

The number four is a simple counting number in Hebrew, used to describe quantities of things, such as people, objects, or groups.

Tyndale gloss

four

Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers

Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אַרְבַּע, אַרְבָּעָה four

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H702 אַרְבַּע, אַרְבָּעָה four

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

702 'arba` ar-bah'

masculine oarbaah {ar-baw-aw'}; from 7251; four:--four.

see HEBREW for 07251

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אַרְבַּע (ar.ba) — four.

four

Morphologythe parsing behind the code

Berean parsing

Adj — Preposition
HR/Acbsc

Bible dictionarieson the English sense

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance

מֵאָהhundred×אֶ֫לֶףthousand×עָשָׂרten×אַרְבַּעfour×שָׁנָהyear×עֶשְׂרִיםtwenty×חֹ֫דֶשׁmonth×אֶחָדone×

עֶשְׂרֵה֙'es.Reh teen [cubits] H6240 ¶

339× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×

In plain English

Meaning

In Hebrew, this word means ten, and is used to form numbers like eleven or thirteen, as seen in Genesis 31:41. It is always used in combination with other numbers.

Tyndale gloss

ten

Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers

Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עָשָׂר, עֶשְׂרֵה ten, only after units to make num. 11-19, both cardinal and ordinal

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6240 עָשָׂר, עֶשְׂרֵה ten, only after units to make num. 11-19, both cardinal and ordinal

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6240 `asar aw-sawr'

for 6235; ten (only in combination), i.e. -teen; also

(ordinal) -teenth:--(eigh-, fif-, four-, nine-, seven-,

six-, thir-)teen(-th), + eleven(-th), + sixscore thousand, +

twelve(-th).

see HEBREW for 06235

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עָשָׂר (a.sar) — ten.

1) ten, -teen (in combination with other numbers)

1a) used only in combination to make the numbers 11-19

Morphologythe parsing behind the code

Berean parsing

HAcbsa —
HAcbsa

Bible dictionarieson the English sense

Thompson Chain Reference topics

measures of length

Ge 6:16; Ex 37:1; De 3:11; Mt 6:27; Re 21:17

--SEE Tables, 3532

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance

שְׁנַ֫יִםtwo×שָׁנָהyear×חֹ֫דֶשׁmonth×אַרְבַּעfour×אָחbrother: male-sibling×חָמֵשׁfive×מָלַךְto reign×שְׁמֹנֶהeight×

רֹ֔חַבRo.chav [the] breadth H7341 Noun common · masculine singular absolute ¶

101× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×

In plain English

Meaning

This Hebrew word means width or breadth, used to describe physical size or space. It appears in the Bible to describe the width of the earth or a room. In the KJV, it is translated as breadth or broad.

Tyndale gloss

width

Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers

Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רֹ֫חַב (rochab) refers to width or breadth, encompassing both literal and figurative uses. It is derived from the root word meaning to be wide. The term appears in various contexts, indicating expanse or largeness.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רֹ֫חַב 101 n.[m.] breadth, width

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7341 רֹ֫חַב breadth, width

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7341 rochab ro'-khab

from 7337; width (literally or figuratively):--breadth,

broad, largeness, thickness, wideness.

see HEBREW for 07337

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רֹ֫חַב (ro.chav) — width.

breadth, width, expanse

Morphologythe parsing behind the code

Berean parsing

N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa

Bible dictionarieson the English sense

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

bredth (rochabh, the root idea being to make wide, spacious): A term of expanse or measurement used of the ark (Ge 6:15); of the tabernacle (Ex 27:13); of Solomon's temple (1Ki 6:2). platos, "breadth," as of the celestial city (Re 21:16). Figuratively, of the comprehensiveness of God's law (Ps 119:96); of the heart (1Ki 4:29, rendered "largeness of heart" English Versions); of God's immeasurable love (Eph 3:18).

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance

אַמָּהcubit×אֹ֫רֶךְlength×עֶשְׂרִיםtwenty×חָמֵשׁfive×אֶ֫לֶףthousand×אֶחָדone×עֶשֶׂרten×קוֹמָהheight×

אֶ֖ל'el to H413 Preposition ¶

5,518× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×

In plain English

Meaning

This Hebrew word means 'to' or 'toward', showing direction or movement. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus, to indicate where someone is going. The KJV translates it in various ways, like 'about', 'according to', or 'against'.

Tyndale gloss

to(wards)

Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers

Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word אֶל (el) is primarily a preposition indicating motion towards or direction to a person or place. It can also imply entering a limit, presence at a location, or a hostile direction (against). Additionally, it may express concepts such as concerning, in addition to, or according to. The entries highlight its versatility in both physical and metaphorical contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֶל (nearly always followed by Makkeph),

prep. denoting motion to or direction towards (whether physical or mental).of motion to or unto a person or place

Where the limit is actually entered, into

Of direction towards anything

Where the motion or direction implied appears from the context to be of a hostile character, אֶל = against

Unto sometimes acquires from the context the sense of in addition to

Metaph. in regard to, concerning, on account of

Of rule or standard according to (rare)

Expressing presence at a spot, against, at, by, not merely after verbs implying motion

Prefixed to other preps. it combines with them the idea of motion or direction to

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H413 אֶל (nearly always followed by Makkeph), . of motion to or unto a person or place

. Where the limit is actually entered, into

. Of direction towards anything

. Where the motion or direction implied appears from the context to be of a hostile character, אֶל = against

. Unto sometimes acquires from the context the sense of in addition to

. Metaph. in regard to, concerning, on account of

. Of rule or standard according to (rare)

. Expressing presence at a spot, against, at, by, not merely after verbs implying motion

. Prefixed to other preps. it combines with them the idea of motion or direction to

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

413 'el ale

(but only used in the shortened constructive form sel {el});

a primitive particle; properly, denoting motion towards, but

occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or

among; often in general, to:--about, according to ,after,

against, among, as for, at, because(-fore, -side), both...and,

by, concerning, for, from, X hath, in(- to), near, (out) of,

over, through, to(-ward), under, unto, upon, whether,

with(-in).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֶל (el) — to(wards).

1) to, toward, unto (of motion)

2) into (limit is actually entered)

2a) in among

3) toward (of direction, not necessarily physical motion)

4) against (motion or direction of a hostile character)

5) in addition to, to

6) concerning, in regard to, in reference to, on account of

7) according to (rule or standard)

8) at, by, against (of one's presence)

9) in between, in within, to within, unto (idea of motion to)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code

Berean parsing

Prep — Preposition
HR

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance

דָבַרto speak: speak×מֹשֶׁהMoses×יִרְמְיָ֫הJeremiah×נָגַשׁto approach: approach×פָּלַלto pray×

אַרְבַּ֣עַת'ar.Ba.'at [the] four H702 ¶

318× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×

In plain English

Meaning

The number four is a simple counting number in Hebrew, used to describe quantities of things, such as people, objects, or groups.

Tyndale gloss

four

Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers

Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אַרְבַּע, אַרְבָּעָה four

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H702 אַרְבַּע, אַרְבָּעָה four

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

702 'arba` ar-bah'

masculine oarbaah {ar-baw-aw'}; from 7251; four:--four.

see HEBREW for 07251

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אַרְבַּע (ar.ba) — four.

four

Morphologythe parsing behind the code

Berean parsing

HAcbsc —
HAcbsc

Bible dictionarieson the English sense

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance

מֵאָהhundred×אֶ֫לֶףthousand×עָשָׂרten×אַרְבַּעfour×שָׁנָהyear×עֶשְׂרִיםtwenty×חֹ֫דֶשׁmonth×אֶחָדone×

רְבָעֶ֑יהָre.va.'Ei.ha sides its H7253 Noun common masculine plural construct · suffix ¶

7× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×

In plain English

Meaning

This word refers to something that is one-fourth of a whole, like a quarter of a field or a fourth side of a square. It is used to describe division or measurement.

Tyndale gloss

fourth

Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers

Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רֶ֫בַע (reba`) refers to a fourth part or a side, derived from the root meaning 'to be four.' It encompasses the concepts of a fourth part and four sides, as noted in Ezekiel 1:8. The entries consistently highlight its numerical and spatial significance.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רֶ֫בַע n.m. Ez 1:8 1. fourth part. 2. pl. four sides

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7253 רֶ֫בַע

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7253 reba` reh'-bah

from 7251; a fourth (part or side):--fourth part, side,

square.

see HEBREW for 07251

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רֶ֫בַע (re.va) — fourth.

1) fourth part, four sides

1a) fourth part

1b) four sides

Morphologythe parsing behind the code

Berean parsing

HNcmpc/Sp3fs — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
HNcmpc/Sp3fs

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance

אַרְבַּעfour×הָלַךְto go: walk×כָּנָףwing×

וְהַגְּבוּלve.ha.ge.vul and the border H1366 Conjunction · particle · noun common masculine singular absolute ¶

240× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×

In plain English

Meaning

This word refers to a boundary or border, like the borders of the Promised Land in Numbers 34:1-12. It can also mean a region or territory, as in the borders of Israel in 1 Kings 8:65.

Amplified meaning

border, edge

Tyndale gloss

border: boundary

Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers

Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

גְּבוּל (gbuwl) refers to a border or boundary, often implying a defined territory. It can denote a physical limit, such as a coast or landmark, and can also have figurative uses, like a region of darkness. The word is derived from a root meaning 'cord' and encompasses various meanings related to boundaries and territories.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

גְּבוּל 240 n.m. border, boundary, territory

border, boundary

territory (enclosed within boundary)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H1366 גְּבוּל border, boundary, territory

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

1366 gbuwl gheb-ool'

or (shortened) gbul {gheb-ool'}; from 1379; properly, a cord

(as twisted), i.e. (by implication) a boundary; by extens. the

territory inclosed:--border, bound, coast, X great, landmark,

limit, quarter, space.

see HEBREW for 01379

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

גְּבוּל (ge.vul) — border: boundary.

: boundary

1) border, territory

1a) border

1b) territory (enclosed within boundary)

1c) region, territory (of darkness) (fig.)

Also means: ge.vul (גְּבוּל ": area" H1366H)

גְּבוּל (ge.vul) — border: area.

: area

1) border, territory

1a) border

1b) territory (enclosed within boundary)

1c) region, territory (of darkness) (fig.)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code

Berean parsing

Conj | Art | N-ms — Conjunction · particle · noun common masculine singular absolute
HC/Td/Ncmsa

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance

יָם(Mt. Ephron in the) West×עַדtill×צָפוֹןZaphon×פֵּאָהside×גְּבוּלborder: boundary×עָבַרto pass×קָדִיםeast×נֶ֫גֶבNegeb×

סָבִ֨יבsa.Viv around H5439 Noun common · both singular absolute ¶

336× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×

In plain English

Meaning

This word describes something that surrounds or encompasses, like a circle or neighborhood, and can also mean around or about, as in on every side. It is used to describe physical locations and proximity. The KJV translates it as about or circuit.

Amplified meaning

surrounding, encompassing

Tyndale gloss

around

Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers

Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

סָבִיב (cabiyb) primarily means 'around' and is used as a noun, adverb, and preposition. It denotes a circle, neighbors, or the surrounding area, often implying a sense of being on every side or in a circuit. The entries consistently emphasize its usage in contexts of proximity and encirclement.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

סָבִיב 336 subst., used mostly as adv. and prep., circuit, round about

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5439 סָבִיב subst., used mostly as adv. and prep., circuit, round about

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5439 cabiyb saw-beeb'

or (feminine) cbiybah {seb-ee-baw'}; from 5437; (as noun) a

circle, neighbour, or environs; but chiefly (as adverb, with

or without preposition) around:--(place, round) about,

circuit, compass, on every side.

see HEBREW for 05437

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

סָבִיב (sa.viv) — around.

: around/border

subst

1) places round about, circuit, round about

adv

2) in a circuit, a circuit, round about

prep

3) in the circuit, from every side

סָבִיב (sa.viv) — around: side.

: side

subst

1) places round about, circuit, round about

adv

2) in a circuit, a circuit, round about

prep

3) in the circuit, from every side

סָבִיב (sa.viv) — around: whole.

: whole

subst

1) places round about, circuit, round about

adv

2) in a circuit, a circuit, round about

prep

3) in the circuit, from every side

סָבִיב (sa.viv) — around: neighours.

: neighours

subst

1) places round about, circuit, round about

adv

2) in a circuit, a circuit, round about

prep

3) in the circuit, from every side

Morphologythe parsing behind the code

Berean parsing

N-cs — Noun common · both singular absolute
HNcbsa

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance

סָבִיבaround×אַמָּהcubit×מִזְבֵּחַaltar×גּוֹיGentile×חָצֵרcourt×חַלּוֹןwindow×אֵילָםarches×זָהָבgold×

אוֹתָ֜הּ'o.Tah the object marker it H853 Particle · suffix ¶

10,946× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×

In plain English

Meaning

In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.

Tyndale gloss

[Obj.]

Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers

Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

853 'eth ayth

apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of

entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more

definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or

namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).

see HEBREW for 0226

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֵת (et) — [Obj.].

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code

Berean parsing

DirObjM | Suff — Particle · suffix
HTo/Sp3fs

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance

מִגְרָשׁpasture×

חֲצִ֣יcha.Tzi [is] [the] half of H2677 Noun common · masculine singular construct ¶

125× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×

In plain English

Meaning

This word means half or middle, describing a division or a part of something. It is used to talk about physical things or time, like half of the day. The Bible uses it in various contexts.

Amplified meaning

one part out of two

Tyndale gloss

half

Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers

Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

חֲצִי (chetsiy) means 'half' or 'middle,' referring to a division of something into two parts. It can denote the concept of 'midnight' as well. The word is derived from a root that also relates to 'midst' or 'part.'

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

חֲצִי 123 n.m. half

half of anything

middle … midnight

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2677 חֲצִי half . half of anything

. middle … midnight

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2677 chetsiy khay-tsee'

from 2673; the half or middle:--half, middle, mid(-night),

midst, part, two parts.

see HEBREW for 02673

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חֲצִי (che.tsi) — half.

1) half

1a) half

1b) middle

Morphologythe parsing behind the code

Berean parsing

N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular construct
HNcmsc

Bible dictionarieson the English sense

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant

Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance

אַמָּהcubit×מְנַשֶּׁהMoses×שֵׁ֫בֶטtribe×חֲצִיhalf×מַטֶּהtribe×רֹ֫חַבwidth×אֹ֫רֶךְlength×גָּדGad×

הָאַמָּ֗הha.'a.Mah cubit H520 Particle · noun common feminine singular absolute ¶

247× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×

In plain English

Meaning

A cubit is a unit of measurement, about the length of a forearm, used in the Bible to describe the size of objects like the Ark of the Covenant in Exodus. It is also used to describe a foundation or a door-base.

Tyndale gloss

cubit

Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers

Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אַמָּה (ammah) primarily means 'cubit,' a unit of measure roughly equivalent to 18 inches or 0.5 meters, derived from the word for 'mother' or 'forearm.' It can also refer to a foundation or base, as noted in Isaiah 6:4. The lexicons mention different types of cubits used in the Old Testament, including the common cubit and the legal cubit.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אַמָּה 246 n.f. ell, cubit

cubit

† measure, full measure, limit

base

[אַמָּה] n.f. (etym. & mng. dub.; Thes foundation) only Is 6:4.

ref

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H520a אַמָּה ell, cubit H520b אַמָּה

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

520 'ammah am-maw'

prolonged from 517; properly, a mother (i.e. unit of measure,

or the fore-arm (below the elbow), i.e. a cubit; also a

door-base (as a bond of the entrance):--cubit, + hundred (by

exchange for 3967), measure, post.

see HEBREW for 0517

see HEBREW for 03967

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אַמָּה (am.mah) — cubit.

cubit-a measure of distance (the forearm), roughly 18 in (. 5m). There are several cubits used in the OT, the cubit of a man or common cubit (De 3:11), the legal cubit or cubit of the sanctuary (Eze 40:5) plus others. See a Bible Dictionary for a complete treatment.

Aramaic equivalent: am.mah (אַמָּה "cubit" H0521)

אַמָּה (am.mah) — foundation.

foundation

Morphologythe parsing behind the code

Berean parsing

Art | N-fs — Particle · noun common feminine singular absolute
HTd/Ncfsa

Bible dictionarieson the English sense

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ku'-bit ('ammah; pechus): The standard for measures of length among the Hebrews. They derived it from the Babylonians, but a similar measure was used in Egypt with which they must have been familiar. The length of the cubit is variously estimated, since there seems to have been a double standard in both countries, and because we have no undisputed example of the cubit remaining to the present time. The original cubit was the length of the forearm, from the elbow to the end of the middle finger, as is implied from the derivation of the word in Hebrew and in Latin (cubitum). It seems to be referred to also in De 3:11: "after the cubit of a man." But this was too indefinite for a scientific standard, and the Babylonians early adopted a more accurate method of measurement which passed to the nations of the West. They had a double…

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Cubit

Heb. ‘ammah; i.e., “mother of the arm,” the fore-arm, is a word derived from the Latin cubitus, the lower arm. It is difficult to determine the exact length of this measure, from the uncertainty whether it included the entire length from the elbow to the tip of the longest finger, or only from the elbow to the root of the hand at the wrist. The probability is that the longer was the original cubit. The common computation as to the length of the cubit makes it 20.24 inches for the ordinary cubit, and 21.888 inches for the sacred one. This is the same as the Egyptian measurements.

A rod or staff the measure of a cubit is called in Judg. 3:16 gomed, which literally means a “cut,” something “cut off.” The LXX. and Vulgate render it “span.”

Smith's Bible Dictionary

[WEIGHTS AND MEASURES AND MEASURES]

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

A measure used among the ancients. A cubit was originally the distance from the elbow to the extremity of the middle finger, which is the fourth part of a well-proportioned man’s stature. The Hebrew cubit, according to some, is twenty-one inches; but others fix it at eighteen. The Talmudists observe that the Hebrew cubit was larger by one quarter than the Roman.

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance

אַמָּהcubit×רֹ֫חַבwidth×אֹ֫רֶךְlength×חָמֵשׁfive×עֶשְׂרִיםtwenty×אֶחָדone×חֲצִיhalf×קוֹמָהheight×

וְהַֽחֵיק־ve.ha.cheik- and the gutter H2436 Conjunction · particle · noun common masculine singular absolute ¶

38× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×

In plain English

Meaning

The Hebrew word for bosom refers to the chest area, often used figuratively to describe a close or intimate relationship, as seen in the KJV translations of bosom, lap, or midst.

Amplified meaning

a channel, a lower part

Tyndale gloss

bosom: embrace

Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers

Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

חֵיק (cheq) means 'bosom' and can refer to the literal or figurative sense of being enclosed, such as in the body or in garments. It encompasses meanings like embrace, lap, and secret, indicating a sense of intimacy or closeness. The entries suggest a range of uses, including physical and metaphorical contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

חֵיק, חֵק n.[m.] bosom

of fold of garment, at breast

carry in bosom

bosom as part of body

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2436 חֵיק, חֵק bosom

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2436 cheyq khake

or cheq {khake}; and chowq {khoke}; from an unused root,

apparently meaning to inclose; the bosom (literally or

figuratively):--bosom, bottom, lap, midst, within.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חֵיק (cheq) — bosom: embrace.

: embrace/chest

bosom, hollow, bottom, midst

חֵיק (cheq) — bosom: garment.

: garment

bosom, hollow, bottom, midst

A sub-meaning of cheq (חֵיק ": embrace" H2436)

חֵיק (cheq) — bosom: lap.

: lap/base

bosom, hollow, bottom, midst

A sub-meaning of cheq (חֵיק ": embrace" H2436)

חֵיק (cheq) — bosom: secret.

: secret

bosom, hollow, bottom, midst

A sub-meaning of cheq (חֵיק ": embrace" H2436)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code

Berean parsing

Conj | Art | N-ms — Conjunction · particle · noun common masculine singular absolute
HC/Td/Ncmsa

Bible dictionarieson the English sense

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

gut'-er.

See HOUSE.

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Gutter

Heb. tsinnor, (2 Sam. 5:8). This Hebrew word occurs only elsewhere in Ps. 42:7 in the plural, where it is rendered “waterspouts.” It denotes some passage through which water passed; a water-course.

In Gen. 30:38, 41 the Hebrew word rendered “gutters” is rahat, and denotes vessels overflowing with water for cattle (Ex. 2:16); drinking-troughs.

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance

יָדhand×אַמָּהcubit×שׁוּבto return: return×שָׁכַבto lie down: lay down×נָשָׂאto lift: raise×חֵיקbosom: embrace×בַּתBath (Shua)×אִשָּׁהwoman×

לָ֤הּlah of it H9034 Preposition · suffix ¶

Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

הָ (ha) — her.

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person feminine singular

Morphologythe parsing behind the code

Berean parsing

HR/Sp3fs — Preposition · suffix
HR/Sp3fs

אַמָּה֙'a.Mah [is] a cubit H520 Noun common · feminine singular absolute ¶

247× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×

In plain English

Meaning

Tyndale gloss

cubit

Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers

Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אַמָּה 246 n.f. ell, cubit

cubit

† measure, full measure, limit

base

[אַמָּה] n.f. (etym. & mng. dub.; Thes foundation) only Is 6:4.

ref

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H520a אַמָּה ell, cubit H520b אַמָּה

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

520 'ammah am-maw'

prolonged from 517; properly, a mother (i.e. unit of measure,

or the fore-arm (below the elbow), i.e. a cubit; also a

door-base (as a bond of the entrance):--cubit, + hundred (by

exchange for 3967), measure, post.

see HEBREW for 0517

see HEBREW for 03967

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אַמָּה (am.mah) — cubit.

Aramaic equivalent: am.mah (אַמָּה "cubit" H0521)

אַמָּה (am.mah) — foundation.

foundation

Morphologythe parsing behind the code

Berean parsing

N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absolute
HNcfsa

Bible dictionarieson the English sense

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Cubit

A rod or staff the measure of a cubit is called in Judg. 3:16 gomed, which literally means a “cut,” something “cut off.” The LXX. and Vulgate render it “span.”

Smith's Bible Dictionary

[WEIGHTS AND MEASURES AND MEASURES]

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance

אַמָּהcubit×רֹ֫חַבwidth×אֹ֫רֶךְlength×חָמֵשׁfive×עֶשְׂרִיםtwenty×אֶחָדone×חֲצִיhalf×קוֹמָהheight×

סָבִ֔יבsa.Viv all around H5439 Noun common · both singular absolute ¶

336× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×

In plain English

Meaning

Tyndale gloss

around

Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers

Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

סָבִיב 336 subst., used mostly as adv. and prep., circuit, round about

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5439 סָבִיב subst., used mostly as adv. and prep., circuit, round about

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5439 cabiyb saw-beeb'

or (feminine) cbiybah {seb-ee-baw'}; from 5437; (as noun) a

circle, neighbour, or environs; but chiefly (as adverb, with

or without preposition) around:--(place, round) about,

circuit, compass, on every side.

see HEBREW for 05437

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

סָבִיב (sa.viv) — around.

: around/border

subst

1) places round about, circuit, round about

adv

2) in a circuit, a circuit, round about

prep

3) in the circuit, from every side

סָבִיב (sa.viv) — around: side.

: side

subst

1) places round about, circuit, round about

adv

2) in a circuit, a circuit, round about

prep

3) in the circuit, from every side

סָבִיב (sa.viv) — around: whole.

: whole

subst

1) places round about, circuit, round about

adv

2) in a circuit, a circuit, round about

prep

3) in the circuit, from every side

סָבִיב (sa.viv) — around: neighours.

: neighours

subst

1) places round about, circuit, round about

adv

2) in a circuit, a circuit, round about

prep

3) in the circuit, from every side

Morphologythe parsing behind the code

Berean parsing

HNcbsa — Noun common · both singular absolute
HNcbsa

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance

סָבִיבaround×אַמָּהcubit×מִזְבֵּחַaltar×גּוֹיGentile×חָצֵרcourt×חַלּוֹןwindow×אֵילָםarches×זָהָבgold×

וּמַעֲלֹתֵ֖הוּu.ma.'a.lo.Te.hu and steps its H4609 Conjunction · noun common feminine plural construct · suffix ¶

47× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×

In plain English

Meaning

Represents a step or journey upward, like the steps of a stair or a song of ascent, as in Psalm 120-134, which are songs the Israelites sang while traveling to Jerusalem for festivals. It symbolizes spiritual ascent.

Amplified meaning

ascent, a means of going up

Tyndale gloss

thought

Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers

Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מַעֲלָה (ma`alah) refers to a step or stair, as well as the concept of elevation or ascent. It can denote both a physical journey to a higher place and a figurative rise in thought or status. The term is notably used in the context of 'songs of ascent' in certain Psalms, indicating a spiritual or literal elevation.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[מַעֲלָה] n.f. what comes up;—pl. cstr. Ez 11:5

ref

מַעֲלָה 46 n.f. step, stair

step, stair

steps (forming sun-dial)

stories of heaven

ascent

song of ascents

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4609a מַעֲלָה what comes up H4609b מַעֲלָה step, stair

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4609 ma`alah mah-al-aw'

feminine of 4608; elevation, i.e. the act (literally, a

journey to a higher place, figuratively, a thought arising),

or (concretely) the condition (literally, a step or

grade-mark, figuratively, a superiority of station);

specifically a climactic progression (in certain

Psalms):--things that come up, (high) degree, deal, go up,

stair, step, story.

see HEBREW for 04608

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מַעֲלָה (ma.a.lah) — thought.

what comes up, thoughts

מַעֲלָה (ma.a.lah) — step.

1) step, stair

1a) step, stair

1b) steps (of sundial)

1c) stories (of heaven)

1d) ascent

1e) song of ascent

1e1) to the three great pilgrim feasts (Psalm titles)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code

Berean parsing

Conj | N-fp | Suff — Conjunction · noun common feminine plural construct · suffix
HC/Ncfpc/Sp3ms

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance

שִׁירsong×עֶשֶׂרten×יָרַדto go down×שׁוּבto return: return×דָּוִדDavid×מַעֲלָהthought×עָלָהto ascend: rise×צֵלshadow×

פְּנ֥וֹתpe.Not to face H6437 Verb · Qal · infinitive construct common ¶

135× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×

In plain English

Meaning

This Hebrew word means to turn or face something, like looking at a corner or a gate. It appears in descriptions of daily life and interactions, like in Genesis and Psalms. It's about changing direction or focus.

Amplified meaning

turn towards, look to

Tyndale gloss

Corner (Gate)

Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers

Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

פָּנָה (panah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to turn, with various implications such as turning toward, away, or doing something. It can refer to both physical and figurative actions, like looking or regarding something. The entries indicate it can also mean to decline or approach, and it has different forms, including Qal, Piel, and Hiphil, each with specific nuances.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

פָּנָה 135 vb. turn

Qal 117

turn toward

turn from

turn and do a thing

turn, decline

turn toward, approach

turn and look, look

of inanimate things, face

esp. fig. look at, regard

look for = expect

fig. look at = consider

Hiph.

turn

make a turn, shew (signs of) turning

Hoph. be ye turned back!

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6437 פָּנָה turn .. . turn toward

. turn from

. turn and do a thing

. turn, decline

. turn toward, approach

. . turn and look, look

. of inanimate things, face

. esp. fig. look at, regard

. look for = expect

. fig. look at = consider

. . turn

. make a turn, shew (signs of) turning

. be ye turned back!

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6437 panah paw-naw'

a primitive root; to turn; by implication, to face, i.e.

appear, look, etc.:--appear, at (even-)tide, behold, cast

out, come on, X corner, dawning, empty, go away, lie, look,

mark, pass away, prepare, regard, (have) respect (to),

(re-)turn (aside, away, back, face, self), X right (early).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

פָּנָה (pa.nah) — to turn.

1) to turn

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to turn toward or from or away

1a2) to turn and do

1a3) to turn, decline (of day)

1a4) to turn toward, approach (of evening)

1a5) to turn and look, look, look back or at or after or for

1b) (Piel) to turn away, put out of the way, make clear, clear away

1c) (Hiphil)

1c1) to turn

1c2) to make a turn, show signs of turning, turn back

1d) (Hophal) to be turned back

פָּנָה (pa.nah) — Corner (Gate).

This name means corner, to turn, to turn back

Another spelling of pin.nah (פִּנָּה "Corner( Gate)" H6438)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code

Berean parsing

V-Qal-Inf-a — Verb · Qal · infinitive construct common
HVqcc

Bible dictionarieson the English sense

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

fas: In Hebrew the translation of three expressions:

(1) panim

(2) `ayin, literally, "eye" and

(3) 'aph, literally, "nose," "nostril," already noted under the word COUNTENANCE, which see.

The first and second of these words are used synonymously, even in metaphorical expressions, as, for example in the phrase "the face of the earth," where panim is used (De 6:15 et passim) and `ayin (Nu 22:5 et passim). The third expression preserves more clearly its original meaning. It is generally used in the phrases "to bow one's self to the earth," "to fall on one's face," where the nose actually touched the ground. Often "my face," "thy face" is mere oriental circumlocution for the personal pronoun "I," "me," "thou," "thee." "In thy face" means "in thy presence;" and is often so translated. A…

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Face

Means simply presence, as when it is recorded that Adam and Eve hid themselves from the “face [R.V., ‘presence’] of the Lord God” (Gen. 3:8; comp. Ex. 33:14, 15, where the same Hebrew word is rendered “presence”). The “light of God’s countenance” is his favour (Ps. 44:3; Dan. 9:17). “Face” signifies also anger, justice, severity (Gen. 16:6, 8; Ex. 2:15; Ps. 68:1; Rev. 6:16). To “provoke God to his face” (Isa.…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

Face and presence, expressed by the same word in Hebrew, are often put for the person himself, Ge 48:11 Ex 33:14 Isa 63:9. No man has seen the face of God, that is, had a full revelation of his glory, Ex 33:20 Joh 1:18 1Ti 6:16. To see him "face to face," is to enjoy his presence, Ge 32:30 Nu 14:14 De 5:4, and have a clear manifestation of his nature and grace,

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Character revealed in Isa 3:9

→ Transfiguring of

Moses Ex 34:29-35

Jesus Mt 17:2; Lu 9:29

→ Covering of Isa 6:2

→ Disfiguring of, in fasting Mt 6:16

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance

דֶּ֫רֶךְway: road×שָׁלֹשׁthree×פָּנָהCorner (Gate)×שַׁ֫עַרgate×מִדְבָּרmouth×צָפוֹןZaphon×יָם(Mt. Ephron in the) West×נוּסto flee×

קָדִֽים׃ka.Dim east H6921 Noun common · masculine singular absolute ¶

69× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×

In plain English

Meaning

In the Bible, this word means the direction east or the east wind, often used to describe geographical locations or the direction of the wind.

Amplified meaning

the direction of the rising sun, the east wind

Tyndale gloss

east

Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers

Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

קָדִים (qadiym) refers to the direction east and also denotes an east wind. It is derived from another Hebrew root, indicating its connection to the concept of the front or fore part. The entries consistently emphasize its geographical and meteorological meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

קָדִים 69 n.m. East, east wind

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6921 קָדִים East, east wind

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6921 qadiym kaw-deem'

or qadim {kaw-deem'}; from 6923; the fore or front part;

hence (by orientation) the East (often adverbially, eastward,

for brevity the east wind):--east(-ward, wind).

see HEBREW for 06923

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

קָדִים (qa.dim) — east.

1) east, east wind

1a) east (of direction)

1b) east wind

Morphologythe parsing behind the code

Berean parsing

N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absolute
HNcmsa

Bible dictionarieson the English sense

Easton's Bible Dictionary

East

(1.) The orient (mizrah); the rising of the sun. Thus “the east country” is the country lying to the east of Syria, the Elymais (Zech. 8:7).

(2). Properly what is in front of one, or a country that is before or in front of another; the rendering of the word kedem. In pointing out the quarters, a Hebrew always looked with his face toward the east. The word kedem is used when the four quarters of the world are described (Gen. 13:14; 28:14); and mizrah when the east only is distinguished from the west (Josh. 11:3; Ps. 50:1; 103:12, etc.). In Gen. 25:6 “eastward” is literally “unto the land of kedem;” i.e., the lands…

Smith's Bible Dictionary

The Hebrew term kedem properly means that which is before or in front of a person, and was applied to the east form the custom of turning in that direction when describing the points of the compass, before, behind, the right and the left representing respectively east, west, south and north. (Job 23:8,9) The term as generally used refers to the lands lying immediately eastward of Palestine, viz., Arabia, Mesopotamia and Babylonia; on the other hand mizrach is used of the far east with a less definite signification. (Isaiah 42:2,25; 43:5; 46:11)

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

The Hebrews, in speaking of the different quarters of the heaven, always suppose the face to be turned towards the east. Hence "before," or "forwards," means the east; "behind" is the west; the right-hand is south, and the left hand, north. Besides the ordinary meanings of the word east, Jos 4:19; Ps 103:12, the Jews often used it to designate a large region lying northeast and southeast of Palestine, including Syria and Arabia near at hand, and Babylonia, Assyria, Armenia, etc., with the whole region from the Caspian sea to the Arabian gulf, Ge 29:1; Nu 23:7; Jud 6:3; 7:12; 8:10. The wise men who visited the infant…

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance

פֵּאָהside×יָם(Mt. Ephron in the) West×רוּחַspirit×עַדtill×גְּבוּלborder: boundary×פָּנֶהface×דֶּ֫רֶךְway: road×פָּנָהCorner (Gate)×

Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

Ezekiel 43:17 — Word Study

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Deep Study — Ezekiel 43:17

Context — The Dimensions of the Altargenerated

Cross References

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 8 references, hung on the phrase they belong to

Nave’s Topical Bible — the subjects this verse is filed under

The Key Word — עֲזָרָה, ve.ha.'a.za.Rahgenerated

How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

Sentence Structuregenerated

Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

Reflection Questionsgenerated

Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Modern formal

Tyndale line

Strictly literal

From the Latin

Simplified

The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

Lexicons — every word in Ezekiel 43:17