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Ezekiel 7:18 — Word Study

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WLCוְחָגְר֣וּ שַׂקִּ֔ים וְכִסְּתָ֥ה אוֹתָ֖ם פַּלָּצ֑וּת וְאֶ֤ל כָּל־ פָּנִים֙ בּוּשָׁ֔ה וּבְכָל־ רָאשֵׁיהֶ֖ם קָרְחָֽה׃

BSAThey will put onchâgar [coarse, mourning] sackclothsaq and terrorpallâtsûwth [deep, overwhelming, fear, horror] will overwhelm themkâçâh [Guilt, embarrassment] Shamebûwshâh will cover allkôl their facespânîym and allkôl their headsrôʼsh will be shavedqorchâh [completely, utterly, bald, without hair]

Word
Listen & take awayEzekiel 7
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 18 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (ka.re.Chah) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
Take it away
Ezekiel 7:18quick helps
In a sentenceThe people will express their grief and shame through sackcloth and baldness, overwhelmed by terror.
Who is speakingEzekiel, relaying a message from God about the consequences of sin.
Where we areThis verse is part of a prophetic warning about impending judgment.
The hard wordפַּלָּצוּת
Take awayThe people will be marked by their mourning and shame.
7 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause subjectפַּלָּצוּת verbחָגַר The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — Ezekiel 7:18

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — The Prophecy of Judgmentgenerated

17Every hand will go limp, and every knee will turn to water.
18They will put on sackcloth, and terror will overwhelm them. Shame will cover all their faces, and all their heads will be shaved.
19They will throw their silver into the streets, and their gold will seem unclean. Their silver and gold cannot save them in the day of the wrath of the LORD. They cannot satisfy their appetites or fill their stomachs with wealth, for it became the stumbling block that brought their iniquity.
20His beautiful ornaments they transformed into pride and used them to fashion their vile images and detestable idols. Therefore I will make these into something unclean for them.

Ezekiel 7:18 describes the reaction of the people to the impending judgment. They will don sackcloth, a traditional expression of mourning, and their emotional state will be one of terror and shame. This reflects the seriousness of their situation as they face the consequences of their actions, similar to other prophetic warnings found throughout the Scriptures.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Isaiah 3:24Instead of fragrance there will be a stench; instead of a belt, a rope; instead of styled hair, baldness; instead of fine clothing, sackcloth; instead of beauty, shame.
2Isaiah 15:2–3Dibon goes up to its temple to weep at its high places. Moab wails over Nebo, as well as over Medeba. Every head is shaved, every beard is cut off.
3Jeremiah 48:37For every head is shaved and every beard is clipped; on every hand is a gash, and around every waist is sackcloth.
4Amos 8:10I will turn your feasts into mourning and all your songs into lamentation. I will cause everyone to wear sackcloth and every head to be shaved. I will make it like a time of mourning for an only son, and its outcome like a bitter day.
5Genesis 15:12As the sun was setting, Abram fell into a deep sleep, and suddenly great terror and darkness overwhelmed him.

The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 10 references, hung on the phrase they belong to


The Key Word חָגַר, ve.cha.ge.Rugenerated

The verb חָגַר (chagar) means to gird or put on a belt, often in preparation for action. In this context, it signifies the act of putting on sackcloth, which is a visible sign of mourning and repentance.

The parsing indicates that it is a sequential perfect verb in the third person plural, meaning 'they will gird themselves'. This shows a collective action among the people as they prepare for their emotional response to judgment.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The main verb is חָגְר֣וּ, they will gird themselves, which governs the entire sentence. The structure includes a noun phrase for the object שַׂקִּ֔ים (sackcloth), followed by clauses that describe the emotional state of the people.

The order emphasizes the actions of putting on sackcloth and the resulting feelings of terror and shame, illustrating the gravity of the situation.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates חָגַר as περιζώσονται, which conveys the same sense of girding oneself but may imply a broader readiness for action or mourning.

This choice reflects the translators' understanding of the cultural significance of sackcloth as a symbol of grief and repentance.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

Ezekiel 7:18 tells us that the people will put on sackcloth as a sign of mourning and will be overwhelmed by terror. Their shame will be visible on their faces, and they will shave their heads completely bald, reflecting their deep sorrow.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does wearing sackcloth signify?

Wearing sackcloth is a traditional expression of mourning and repentance, indicating deep sorrow for one's actions.

Why are the people described as being overwhelmed by terror?

The terror reflects their awareness of the impending judgment and the consequences of their sins.

What is the significance of shaving their heads?

Shaving their heads is another sign of mourning and humiliation, symbolizing their complete submission to the gravity of their situation.

How does this verse connect to the broader themes in Ezekiel?

This verse highlights the themes of judgment and repentance that are prevalent throughout Ezekiel, emphasizing the need for the people to recognize their sin and turn back to God.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. In what ways do I express sorrow for my actions when I recognize my mistakes?
  2. How can understanding the cultural practices of mourning enhance my comprehension of biblical texts?
  3. What does it mean to me to be overwhelmed by fear in the face of wrongdoing?
  4. How can I support others who are experiencing shame or guilt in their lives?

The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it

Jerome comments on this verse, highlighting the emotional state of the people as they experience confusion and shame in the face of judgment.

JeromeVerse 18. c. 347–420
In every face there is confusion, and in every head there is baldness. The reddening of the face is a sign of shame, and the conscience of sins shines forth on the face. The hope of salvation is when shame follows sin.
Early Church Fathers on Ezekiel 7 →

Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on Ezekiel 7:18 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

They shall also gird [themselves] with sackcloth,.... As a token of mourning, Genesis 37:34; and horror shall cover them: either the horror of a guilty conscience, or the perpetual dread and terror

Read John Gill on Ezekiel 7 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

They shall also gird themselves with sackcloth, and horror shall cover them; and shame shall be upon all faces, and baldness upon all their heads. Horror shall cover them - as a garment.

Read Robert Jamieson on Ezekiel 7 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

It is a very general usage in the Eastern parts in deepest sorrows and distresses to put sackcloth on, and to gird it close to their bodies. Horror; either dreadful apprehensions of growing evils, or continued shakings from impressions of what formerly they felt, according to ,36. Cover them; be on every side, no side safety, or quiet, and confidence. Shame of disappointment, which breeds consternation; and shame of conscious guilt and unbecoming deportment, which fills the countenance as much with blushing as it fills the conscience with guilt and sin. Baldness; either by pulling off the hair amidst their sorrows, or cutting off their hair in token of greatest mourning, 48:37 .

Read Matthew Poole on Ezekiel 7 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

Ezekiel 7:18 They shall also gird [themselves] with sackcloth, and horror shall cover them; and shame [shall be] upon all faces, and baldness upon all their heads.Ver. 18. They shall also gird themselves with sackcloth.] They shall be a miserable mourning people for a long while. Horror shall cover them.] Such heartquake as is in earthquakes - horripilatio. Shame shall be upon all faces.] Pudor a rebus putidis, - Ashamed they shall be of their doings, ashamed of their disappointments. And baldness upon all their heads.] A sign of sorrow among the Jews. The Romans (contrariwise), in times of sorrow, suffered their hair to grow, saith Plutarch; so did Mephibosheth in David’ s days. Scal.

Read John Trapp on Ezekiel 7 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

18. horror shall cover them] Or, trembling, terror, Job 21:6. It shall take such hold of them that it shall be all over them, like a garment covering them. Cf. Isaiah 59:17, he was clad with zeal as a cloke; Psalms 55:6. baldness] A sign of mourning: Isaiah 15:2, On all heads shall be baldness; Mic: Micah 1:16, Enlarge thy baldness like the vulture. This tonsure in token of mourning, common among many nations of antiquity, was confined among the Hebrews to shaving the front part of the head (Deuteronomy 14:1), and was forbidden by the Law in the case of priests (Leviticus 21:5, cf. Ezekiel 44:20), and of the whole people (Deuteronomy 14:1), cf. Amos 8:10; Jeremiah 16:6; Leviticus 19:27.

Read Cambridge on Ezekiel 7 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Various signs of mourning common in eastern countries. Baldness was forbidden to the Israelites Deuteronomy 14:1.

Read Albert Barnes on Ezekiel 7 →
Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

18. In funeral garb, covered with “trembling,” with shamed faces and dishonored heads (Ezekiel 44:20; Isaiah 15:2; Deuteronomy 14:1; Amos 8:10), the rich men flee from the city and seek to escape the universal doom.

Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Ezekiel 7 →

The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

They will put on sackcloth, and terror will overwhelm them. Shame will cover all their faces, and all their heads will be shaved.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

They will also clothe themselves with sackcloth, and horror will cover them. Shame will be on all faces, and baldness on all their heads.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

They will put on sackcloth, and terror will overwhelm them. Shame will cover all their faces, and all their heads will be shaved.

NETBNew English Translation2006

They will wear sackcloth, terror will cover them; shame will be on all their faces, and all of their heads will be shaved bald.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

They shall also gird themselves with sackcloth, and horror shall cover them; and shame shall be upon all faces, and baldness upon all their heads.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

They shall also gird themselves with sackcloth, and horror shall cover them; and shame shall be upon all faces, and baldness upon all their heads.

RVARevised Version, American1894

They shall also gird themselves with sackcloth, and horror shall cover them; and shame shall be upon all faces, and baldness upon all their heads.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

They shall also gird themselves with sackcloth, and horror shall cover them; and shame shall be upon all faces, and baldness upon all their heads.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

They shall also girde them selues with sackecloth, and feare shall couer them, and shame shalbe vpon all faces, and baldnes vpon their heads.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

And they shall gird on sackcloth, and horror shall cover them; and shame shall be upon all faces, and baldness upon all their heads.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

And they have girded on sackcloth, And covered them hath trembling, And unto all faces [is] shame, And on all their heads — baldness.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

And they have girded on sackcloth, || And trembling has covered them, || And shame [is] on all faces, || And baldness on all their heads.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

And people gird themselves with sackcloth, and shuddering covereth them: and upon all faces there is shame, and upon all their heads there is baldness.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

and they will wear sackcloth, and terror will cover them; and shame will be on every face, and baldness on all of their heads.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

And they shall gird themselves with haircloth, and fear shall cover them, and shame shall be upon every face, and baldness upon all their heads.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

They will put on clothes made of sackcloth, and they will be totally terrified. They will all be ashamed and shave their heads in mourning.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

And they will put haircloth round them, and deep fear will be covering them; and shame will be on all faces, and the hair gone from all their heads.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

וְandclauseverbחָגְר֣וּthey.will.gird.themselvesobjectשַׂקִּ֔יםsackcloth(s)וְandclauseverbכִסְּתָ֥הit.will.covernoun phrase · objectאוֹתָ֖םthemsubjectפַּלָּצ֑וּתshudderingוְandclauseprepositional phrase · predicateאֶ֤ל[will.be].tonoun phraseכָּלeveryפָּנִים֙facesubjectבּוּשָׁ֔הshameוּandclauseprepositional phrase · predicateבְ[willnoun phraseכָלbe].on.allnoun phraseרָאשֵׁיheadsהֶ֖םtheirsubjectקָרְחָֽהbaldness

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree closely in their wording, with all twelve words matched in the Hebrew and Greek versions. This consistency suggests a strong preservation of the original message across traditions.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

וְחָגְר֣וּ שַׂקִּ֔ים וְכִסְּתָ֥ה אוֹתָ֖ם פַּלָּצ֑וּת וְאֶ֤ל כָּל־ פָּנִים֙ בּוּשָׁ֔ה וּבְכָל־ רָאשֵׁיהֶ֖ם קָרְחָֽה׃

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
וְחָגְר֣וּπεριζώσονταιשַׂקִּ֔יםσάκκουςוְכִסְּתָ֥הκαλύψειאוֹתָ֖םαὐτοὺςפַּלָּצ֑וּתθάμβοςוְאֶ֤לἐπὶכָּל־πᾶνפָּנִים֙πρόσωπονבּוּשָׁ֔הαἰσξύνηוּבְכָל־πᾶσανרָאשֵׁיהֶ֖םκεφαλὴνקָרְחָֽה׃φαλάκρωμα

12 of the 12 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

Ezekiel 7:18חָגַרand they wiand they will gחָגַרשַׂקsackclothsackclothשַׂקכָּסָהand it willand it will covכָּסָהאֵתthe object the object markאֵתפַּלָּצוּתshudderingshudderingפַּלָּצוּתאֶלand [will band [will be] tאֶלכֹּלeveryeveryכֹּלפָּנֶהfacefaceפָּנֶהבּוּשָׁהshameshameבּוּשָׁהכֹּלand [will band [will be] oכֹּלרֹאשׁheads theirheads theirרֹאשׁקָרְחָהbaldnessbaldnessקָרְחָהכָּלַלto perfectto perfectכָּלַלשָׁקַקto rushto rushשָׁקַקאוֹתsign: mirasign: miraculouאוֹתפָּלַץto shudderto shudderפָּלַץפָּנָהCorner (GaCorner (Gate)פָּנָהקָרַחto make bato make baldקָרַחכָּשָׂהbe satedbe satedכָּשָׂהבּוֹשׁbe ashamedbe ashamedבּוֹשׁשַׂקsackclothsackclothשַׂקכָּסָהto coverto coverכָּסָהעֵדָהcongregaticongregationעֵדָהעֲבֹדָהserviceserviceעֲבֹדָהאַבְנֵטgirdlegirdleאַבְנֵטאֵ֫פֶרashesashesאֵ֫פֶרחָגַרto girdto girdחָגַרעָנָןcloudcloudעָנָןמִגְרָשׁpasturepastureמִגְרָשׁפָּלַלto prayto prayפָּלַל
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in Ezekiel 7:18

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

and they will gird themselves sackcloth and it will cover the object marker them shuddering and [will be] to every face shame and [will be] on all heads their baldness
וְחָגְר֣וּve.cha.ge.Ru and they will gird themselves H2296 Verb · Qal · sequential perfect third person common plural
44× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word chagar means to gird or put on a belt, and is used to describe preparing for battle or work, as seen in various KJV translations.
Amplified meaning
coarse, mourning
Tyndale gloss
to gird
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

חָגַר (chagar) is a Hebrew verb meaning to gird or to put on a belt. It is a primitive root that conveys the action of binding or restraining oneself, often in preparation for action. The entries consistently emphasize its use in the context of girding on clothing or armor.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[חָגַר] vb. gird, gird on, gird oneself

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2296 [חָגַר] gird, gird on, gird oneself

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2296 chagar khaw-gar'

a primitive root; to gird on (as a belt, armor, etc.):--be

able to put on, be afraid, appointed, gird, restrain, X on

every side.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חָגַר (cha.gar) — to gird.

1) to gird, gird on, gird oneself, put on a belt

1a)(Qal)

1a1) to gird

1a2) to gird on, bind on

1a3) to gird oneself

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Qal-3cp — Verb · Qal · sequential perfect third person common plural
Hc/Vqq3cp
and they will gird themselves sackcloth and it will cover the object marker them shuddering and [will be] to every face shame and [will be] on all heads their baldness
שַׂקִּ֔יםsa.Kim sackcloth H8242 Noun common · masculine plural absolute
49× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This term refers to a coarse cloth or sack used for mourning or carrying grain. People wore sackcloth to show humility or grief, like in the book of Esther. It symbolized repentance and sorrow.
Tyndale gloss
sackcloth
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שַׂק (saq) refers to a type of coarse cloth or sacking, often associated with mourning. It can denote both a sack used for carrying grain and sackcloth worn in times of grief or humiliation. The term is derived from a root meaning to allow liquid to pass through, indicating its mesh-like quality.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שַׂק n.m. sack, sackcloth

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8242 שַׂק sack, sackcloth

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8242 saq sak

from 8264; properly, a mesh (as allowing a liquid to run

through), i.e. coarse loose cloth or sacking (used in mourning

and for bagging); hence, a bag (for grain,

etc.):--sack(-cloth, -clothes).

see HEBREW for 08264

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שַׂק (saq) — sackcloth.

1) mesh, sackcloth, sack, sacking

1a) sack (for grain)

1b) sackcloth

1b1) worn in mourning or humiliation

1b2) same material spread out to lie on

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural absolute
HNcmpa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

sak'-kloth.

See BURIAL.

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Sackcloth

Cloth made of black goats’ hair, coarse, rough, and thick, used for sacks, and also worn by mourners (Gen. 37:34; 42:25; 2 Sam. 3:31; Esther 4:1, 2; Ps. 30:11, etc.), and as a sign of repentance (Matt. 11:21). It was put upon animals by the people of Nineveh (Jonah 3:8).

Smith's Bible Dictionary

cloth used in making sacks or bags, a coarse fabric, of a dark color, made of goat’s hair, (Isaiah 50:3; Revelation 6:12) end resembling the eilicium of the Romans. It, was used also for making the rough garments used by mourners, which were in extreme cases worn next the skin. (1 Kings 21:27; 2 Kings 6:30; Job 16:15; Isaiah 32:11)

Nave's Topical Bible

→ A symbol of mourning 1Ki 20:31,32; Job 16:15; Isa 15:3; Jer 4:8; 6:26; 49:3; La 2:10; Eze 7:18; Da 9:3; Joe 1:8

→ Worn by Jacob when it was reported to him that Joseph had been devoured by wild animals Ge 37:34

→ Animals covered with, at a time of national mourning Jon 3:8

→ See MOURNING

and they will gird themselves sackcloth and it will cover the object marker them shuddering and [will be] to every face shame and [will be] on all heads their baldness
וְכִסְּתָ֥הve.khi.se.Tah and it will cover H3680 Verb · Piel · sequential perfect third person feminine singular
152× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To cover something means to fill up hollows or hide something from view, as seen in many biblical stories. This verb is used in various forms throughout the Bible, such as to cover oneself with clothing or to conceal something for protection. It can also mean to overwhelm or spread over something.
Amplified meaning
Guilt, embarrassment
Tyndale gloss
to cover
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word כָּסָה (*kacah*) primarily means to cover or conceal. It encompasses a range of meanings, including to clothe, hide, or overwhelm. The entries describe various forms of the verb, such as being covered or covering oneself, and its use in contexts like protection or sin. There is no significant disagreement among the lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[כָּסָה] vb. cover

Qal

conceal

pass. (cstr.) covered in respect of sin (by God, which he thus puts out of sight)

Niph. covered

Pi.

cover, clothe

cover, conceal blood

cover (with covering of protection)

cover, spread over

cover, overwhelm

cover over

Pual.

be covered

be clothed

Hithp. cover, clothe oneself

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3680 כָּסָה cover .. conceal

. pass. (cstr.) covered in respect of sin (by God, which he thus puts out of sight)

. covered

. . cover, clothe

. cover, conceal blood

. cover (with covering of protection)

. cover, spread over

. cover, overwhelm

. cover over

. . be covered

. be clothed

. cover, clothe oneself

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3680 kacah kaw-saw'

a primitive root; properly, to plump, i.e. fill up hollows;

by implication, to cover (for clothing or secrecy):--clad

self, close, clothe, conceal, cover (self), (flee to) hide,

overwhelm. Compare 3780.

see HEBREW for 03780

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כָּסָה (ka.sah) — to cover.

1) to cover, conceal, hide

1a) (Qal) conceal, covered (participle)

1b) (Niphal) to be covered

1c) (Piel)

1c1) to cover, clothe

1c2) to cover, conceal

1c3) to cover (for protection)

1c4) to cover over, spread over

1c5) to cover, overwhelm

1d) (Pual)

1d1) to be covered

1d2) to be clothed

1e) (Hithpael) to cover oneself, clothe oneself

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Piel-Perf-3fs — Verb · Piel · sequential perfect third person feminine singular
Hc/Vpq3fs
and they will gird themselves sackcloth and it will cover the object marker them shuddering and [will be] to every face shame and [will be] on all heads their baldness
אוֹתָ֖ם'o.Tam the object marker them H853 Particle · suffix
10,946× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the original Hebrew, this word points out the object of a verb or preposition, like 'namely' or 'even'. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus. It's not directly translated in English, but helps clarify the meaning of sentences.
Tyndale gloss
[Obj.]
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

853 'eth ayth

apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of

entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more

definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or

namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).

see HEBREW for 0226

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֵת (et) — [Obj.].

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HTo/Sp3mp — Particle · suffix
HTo/Sp3mp
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and they will gird themselves sackcloth and it will cover the object marker them shuddering and [will be] to every face shame and [will be] on all heads their baldness
פַּלָּצ֑וּתpa.la.Tzut shuddering H6427 Noun common · feminine singular absolute
4× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This noun refers to a feeling of fear or horror, like being terrified. In the Bible, it is used to describe a strong emotional response, often translated as 'fearfulness' or 'trembling'.
Amplified meaning
deep, overwhelming, fear, horror
Tyndale gloss
shuddering
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

פַּלָּצוּת (pal.la.tsut) refers to a state of shuddering or trembling, often associated with feelings of fear or horror. It is derived from the root word פָּלַץ (palats), which conveys the idea of affright. The entries consistently emphasize its connection to fearfulness and trembling.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

פַּלָּצוּת n.f. shuddering

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6427 פַּלָּצוּת shuddering

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6427 pallatsuwth pal-law-tsooth'

from 6426; affright:--fearfulness, horror, trembling.

see HEBREW for 06426

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

פַּלָּצוּת (pal.la.tsut) — shuddering.

shuddering, trembling

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absolute
HNcfsa
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and they will gird themselves sackcloth and it will cover the object marker them shuddering and [will be] to every face shame and [will be] on all heads their baldness
וְאֶ֤לve.'El and [will be] to H413 Conjunction · preposition
5,518× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means 'to' or 'toward', showing direction or movement. It appears in many books, including Genesis and Exodus, to indicate where someone is going. The KJV translates it in various ways, like 'about', 'according to', or 'against'.
Tyndale gloss
to(wards)
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word אֶל (el) is primarily a preposition indicating motion towards or direction to a person or place. It can also imply entering a limit, presence at a location, or a hostile direction (against). Additionally, it may express concepts such as concerning, in addition to, or according to. The entries highlight its versatility in both physical and metaphorical contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֶל (nearly always followed by Makkeph),

prep. denoting motion to or direction towards (whether physical or mental).of motion to or unto a person or place

Where the limit is actually entered, into

Of direction towards anything

Where the motion or direction implied appears from the context to be of a hostile character, אֶל = against

Unto sometimes acquires from the context the sense of in addition to

Metaph. in regard to, concerning, on account of

Of rule or standard according to (rare)

Expressing presence at a spot, against, at, by, not merely after verbs implying motion

Prefixed to other preps. it combines with them the idea of motion or direction to

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H413 אֶל (nearly always followed by Makkeph), . of motion to or unto a person or place

. Where the limit is actually entered, into

. Of direction towards anything

. Where the motion or direction implied appears from the context to be of a hostile character, אֶל = against

. Unto sometimes acquires from the context the sense of in addition to

. Metaph. in regard to, concerning, on account of

. Of rule or standard according to (rare)

. Expressing presence at a spot, against, at, by, not merely after verbs implying motion

. Prefixed to other preps. it combines with them the idea of motion or direction to

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

413 'el ale

(but only used in the shortened constructive form sel {el});

a primitive particle; properly, denoting motion towards, but

occasionally used of a quiescent position, i.e. near, with or

among; often in general, to:--about, according to ,after,

against, among, as for, at, because(-fore, -side), both...and,

by, concerning, for, from, X hath, in(- to), near, (out) of,

over, through, to(-ward), under, unto, upon, whether,

with(-in).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֶל (el) — to(wards).

1) to, toward, unto (of motion)

2) into (limit is actually entered)

2a) in among

3) toward (of direction, not necessarily physical motion)

4) against (motion or direction of a hostile character)

5) in addition to, to

6) concerning, in regard to, in reference to, on account of

7) according to (rule or standard)

8) at, by, against (of one's presence)

9) in between, in within, to within, unto (idea of motion to)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HC/R — Conjunction · preposition
HC/R
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

See TESTAMENT.

Nave's Topical Bible

→ THE MENTAL FACULTY

Freedom of, recognized by God Ge 4:6-10; De 5:29; 1Ki 20:42; Isa 1:18-20; 43:26; Jer 36:3,7; Joh 7:17

See BLESSINGS, CONTINGENT UPON OBEDIENCE

See CHOICE

See CONTINGENCY

→ OF GOD, THE SUPREME RULE OF DUTY Mt 6:10; 12:50; 26:39,42; Mr 3:35; 14:36; Lu 11:2; 22:42; Joh 4:34; 5:30; 6:38-40; Ac…

and they will gird themselves sackcloth and it will cover the object marker them shuddering and [will be] to every face shame and [will be] on all heads their baldness
כָּל־kol- every H3605 Noun common · masculine singular construct
5,415× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for 'all' or 'everything' is used throughout the Bible, like in Genesis 1:31, where God sees all He has made as very good. It encompasses the entirety of something, whether people, things, or situations.
Tyndale gloss
all
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all

with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

Absolutely:

without the art., all things, all

with the art. הַכֹּל

where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all

. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3605 kol kole

or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;

hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a

plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any

(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as

many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,

whoso(-ever).

see HEBREW for 03634

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כֹּל (kol) — all.

1) all, the whole

1a) all, the whole of

1b) any, each, every, anything

1c) totality, everything

Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular construct
HNcmsc
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and they will gird themselves sackcloth and it will cover the object marker them shuddering and [will be] to every face shame and [will be] on all heads their baldness
פָּנִים֙pa.Nim face H6440 Noun common · masculine plural absolute
2,127× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means face or presence, like being in front of someone or something. It's used in many contexts, like in Genesis, Exodus, and Psalms, to describe interactions and relationships.
Tyndale gloss
face
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word פָּנֶה (*pāneh*) is a noun meaning 'face' or 'presence,' and it appears in various contexts, including the faces of seraphim and animals, as well as the surface of the ground. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in front of.' The word is built from a root that suggests turning or facing, and it encompasses a wide range of applications, both literal and figurative.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[פָּנֶה], pl. פָּנִים 2123 n.m. face, also faces

face, faces

presence, person

technically, see one's face, i.e. appear before one, in one's presence

face of seraphim

face of animals

face (= surface) of ground

as adv.loc. before

for other phrases

with prepositions

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6440 פָּנֶה, pl. פָּנִים face, also faces . . face, faces

. . presence, person

. technically, see one's face, i.e. appear before one, in one's presence

. face of seraphim

. face of animals

. face (= surface) of ground

. as adv. loc. before

. for other phrases

. with prepositions

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6440 paniym paw-neem'

plural (but always as singular) of an unused noun (paneh

{paw-neh'}; from 6437); the face (as the part that turns);

used in a great variety of applications (literally and

figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a

preposition (before, etc.):--+ accept, a-(be- )fore(-time),

against, anger, X as (long as), at, + battle, + because (of),

+ beseech, countenance, edge, + employ, endure, + enquire,

face, favour, fear of, for, forefront(-part), form(-er

time, -ward), from, front, heaviness, X him(-self), +

honourable, + impudent, + in, it, look(-eth) (- s), X me, +

meet, X more than, mouth, of, off, (of) old (time), X on,

open, + out of, over against, the partial, person, + please,

presence, propect, was purposed, by reason of, + regard, right

forth, + serve, X shewbread, sight, state, straight, + street,

X thee, X them(-selves), through (+ - out), till, time(-s)

Read the full entry →
Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

פָּנֶה (pa.neh) — face: before.

: before/to/front

1) face

1a) face, faces

1b) presence, person

1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim)

1d) face (of animals)

1e) face, surface (of ground)

1f) as adv of loc/temp

1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before

1g) with prep

1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from before the face of

פָּנֶה (pa.neh) — face.

: face

1) face

1a) face, faces

1b) presence, person

1c) face (of seraphim or cherubim)

1d) face (of animals)

1e) face, surface (of ground)

1f) as adv of loc/temp

1f1) before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before

1g) with prep

1g1) in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from…

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-cp — Noun common · masculine plural absolute
HNcmpa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

fas: In Hebrew the translation of three expressions:

(1) panim

(2) `ayin, literally, "eye" and

(3) 'aph, literally, "nose," "nostril," already noted under the word COUNTENANCE, which see.

The first and second of these words are used synonymously, even in metaphorical expressions, as, for example in the phrase "the face of the earth," where panim is used (De 6:15 et passim) and `ayin (Nu 22:5 et passim). The third expression preserves more clearly its original meaning. It is generally used in the phrases "to bow one's self to the earth," "to fall on one's face," where the nose actually touched the ground. Often "my face," "thy face" is mere oriental circumlocution for the personal pronoun "I," "me," "thou," "thee." "In thy face" means "in thy presence;" and is often so translated. A…

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Face

Means simply presence, as when it is recorded that Adam and Eve hid themselves from the “face [R.V., ‘presence’] of the Lord God” (Gen. 3:8; comp. Ex. 33:14, 15, where the same Hebrew word is rendered “presence”). The “light of God’s countenance” is his favour (Ps. 44:3; Dan. 9:17). “Face” signifies also anger, justice, severity (Gen. 16:6, 8; Ex. 2:15; Ps. 68:1; Rev. 6:16). To “provoke God to his face” (Isa.…

Face and presence, expressed by the same word in Hebrew, are often put for the person himself, Ge 48:11 Ex 33:14 Isa 63:9. No man has seen the face of God, that is, had a full revelation of his glory, Ex 33:20 Joh 1:18 1Ti 6:16. To see him "face to face," is to enjoy his presence, Ge 32:30 Nu 14:14 De 5:4, and have a clear manifestation of his nature and grace,

→ Covering of Isa 6:2

→ Disfiguring of, in fasting Mt 6:16

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and they will gird themselves sackcloth and it will cover the object marker them shuddering and [will be] to every face shame and [will be] on all heads their baldness
בּוּשָׁ֔הbu.Shah shame H955 Noun common · feminine singular absolute
4× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Shame is the meaning of this word, a feeling of guilt or embarrassment. It is used in the Bible to describe someone who is feeling ashamed, like in the story of David's sin. Shame is a powerful emotion.
Tyndale gloss
shame
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בּוּשָׁה (buwshah) is a feminine noun meaning 'shame.' It is derived from the root word represented by Strong's H954. The entries consistently define it as shame, with no significant disagreement among the lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בּוּשָׁה n.f. shame

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H955 בּוּשָׁה

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

955 buwshah boo-shaw'

feminine participle passive of 954; shame:--shame.

see HEBREW for 0954

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בּוּשָׁה (bu.shah) — shame.

shame

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absolute
HNcfsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

sham (bosh, "to be ashamed," bosheth, "shame," qalon; aischune, "ignominy," atimia, "dishonor," and other words): An oft-recurring word in Scripture almost uniformly bound up with a sense of sin and guilt. It is figuratively set forth as a wild beast (Jer 3:24), a Nessus-garment (Jer 3:25), a blight (Jer 20:18), a sin against one's own soul (Hab 2:10), and twice as the condensed symbol of Hebrew abomination--Baal (Jer 11:13 margin; Ho 9:10 margin; see ISH-BOSHETH). It is bracketed with defeat (Isa 30:3), reproach…

Nave's Topical Bible

→ Jesus ashamed of those who deny him Mr 8:38; Lu 9:26

→ Of Adam and Eve Ge 3:10

→ Destitute of, the Israelites when they worshiped the golden calf Ex 32:25

→ The unjust Zep 3:5

→ Of the cross Heb 12:2

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and they will gird themselves sackcloth and it will cover the object marker them shuddering and [will be] to every face shame and [will be] on all heads their baldness
וּבְכָל־u.ve.Khol- and [will be] on all H3605 Conjunction · preposition · noun common masculine singular construct
5,415× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for 'all' or 'everything' is used throughout the Bible, like in Genesis 1:31, where God sees all He has made as very good. It encompasses the entirety of something, whether people, things, or situations.
Tyndale gloss
all
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all

with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

Absolutely:

without the art., all things, all

with the art. הַכֹּל

where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all

. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3605 kol kole

or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;

hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a

plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any

(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as

many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,

whoso(-ever).

see HEBREW for 03634

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כֹּל (kol) — all.

1) all, the whole

1a) all, the whole of

1b) any, each, every, anything

1c) totality, everything

Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | Prep | N-ms — Conjunction · preposition · noun common masculine singular construct
HC/R/Ncmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ol: Used in various combinations, and with different meanings.

(1) All along, "Weeping all along as he went" (Jer 41:6), i.e. throughout the whole way he went, feigning equal concern with the men from Shiloh, etc., for the destruction of the Temple, so as to put them off their guard.

(2) All in all, "That God may be all in all" (1Co 15:28, Greek: panta en pasin, "all things in all (persons and) things"). "The universe, with all it comprises, will wholly answer to God's will and reflect His mind" (Dummelow).

(3) All one, "It is all one" (Job 9:22), "it makes no difference whether I live or die."

(4) At all, "If thy father miss me at all" (1Sa 20:6), "in any way," "in the least."

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and they will gird themselves sackcloth and it will cover the object marker them shuddering and [will be] to every face shame and [will be] on all heads their baldness
רָאשֵׁיהֶ֖םra.shei.Hem heads their H7218 Noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
600× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means chief or prince, and is used to describe leaders in the Bible, such as in the book of 1 Samuel. It signifies a position of authority and importance.
Tyndale gloss
head
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

רֹאשׁ (ro'sh) means 'head' and encompasses various meanings related to position and rank. It can refer to the head of a person or animal, the top of a mountain, or a chief in various contexts, such as a city or nation. The word also signifies beginnings and sums, appearing in phrases related to enumeration. Additionally, it serves as a proper noun for 'Rosh,' a title for a chief or prince.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

רֹאשׁ 599 n.m.

(c. 230 t.) head, of human being

head, of animals

top (88 t.)

height, of stars

head = chief (man)

= chief (city)

chief nation

= chief (place, position)

= chief priest

= head of a family

head = front, leader's place

of time, beginning, of night watch

of things, river-heads

chief, choicest, best, of spices

head = division of army, company, band

= sum, esp. in phr. take sum of, enumerate

other phr.

base

רֹאשׁ n.pr.gent. Rôsh

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7218a רֹאשׁ . . (c. 230 t.) head, of human being

. head, of animals

. . top (88 t.)

. height, of stars

. . head = chief (man)

. = chief (city)

. chief nation

. = chief (place, position)

. = chief priest

. = head of a family

. . head = front, leader's place

. of time, beginning, of night watch

. of things, river-heads

. chief, choicest, best, of spices

. head = division of army, company, band

. = sum, esp. in phr. take sum of, enumerate

. other phr.

H7218b רֹאשׁ n. pr. gent. Rôsh

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7218 ro'sh roshe

from an unused root apparently meaning to shake; the head (as

most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many

applications, of place, time, rank, itc.):--band, beginning,

captain, chapiter, chief(-est place, man, things), company,

end, X every (man), excellent, first, forefront, ((be-))head,

height, (on) high(-est part, (priest)), X lead, X poor,

principal, ruler, sum, top.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

רֹאשׁ (rosh) — head.

: head

1) head, top, summit, upper part, chief, total, sum, height, front, beginning

1a) head (of man, animals)

1b) top, tip (of mountain)

1c) height (of stars)

1d) chief, head (of man, city, nation, place, family, priest)

1e) head, front, beginning

1f) chief, choicest, best

1g) head, division, company, band

1h) sum

רֹאשׁ (rosh) — prince.

Rosh, a tite for a chief or prince

רֹאשׁ (rosh) — head: leader.

: leader

1) head, top, summit, upper part, chief, total, sum, height, front, beginning

1a) head (of man, animals)

1b) top, tip (of mountain)

1c) height (of stars)

1d) chief, head (of man, city, nation, place, family, priest)

1e) head, front, beginning

1f) chief, choicest, best

1g) head, division, company, band

1h) sum

רֹאשׁ (rosh) — head: top.

: top/best

1) head, top, summit, upper part, chief, total, sum, height, front, beginning

1a) head (of man, animals)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-mp | Suff — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
HNcmpc/Sp3mp
and they will gird themselves sackcloth and it will cover the object marker them shuddering and [will be] to every face shame and [will be] on all heads their baldness
קָרְחָֽה׃ka.re.Chah baldness H7144 Noun common · feminine singular absolute
11× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word refers to baldness or a bald spot, often translated as 'bald' or 'baldness' in the KJV. It describes a lack of hair.
Amplified meaning
completely, utterly, bald, without hair
Tyndale gloss
bald spot
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

קָרְחָה (qorchah) refers to baldness or a bald spot, often associated with mourning. It is derived from the root word for baldness and is mentioned in Ezekiel 27:31. The term emphasizes the physical state of being bald, which can carry cultural significance in certain contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

קָרְחָה n.f. baldness, bald spot, made as sign of mourning

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7144 קָרְחָה baldness, bald spot, made as sign of mourning

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7144 qorchah kor-khaw'

or qorcha; (Ezek. 27:31) {kor-khaw'}; from 7139;

baldness:--bald(-ness), X utterly.

see HEBREW for 07139

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

קׇרְחָה (qor.chah) — bald spot.

baldness, bald

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular absolute
HNcfsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

bald'-ness qorchah: The reference in the Bible to baldness is not to the natural loss of hair, but to baldness produced by shaving the head. This was practiced as a mark of mourning for the dead (Le 21:5; Isa 15:2; 22:12); as the result of any disaster (Am 8:10; Mic 1:16). The custom arose from the fact that the hair was regarded as a special ornament. It was the custom of the people of the land, and the Israelites were strictly forbidden to practice it (Le 21:5; Deut 14:1). These are striking passages with reference to the knowledge the Israelites had concerning the…

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Baldness

From natural causes was uncommon (2 Kings 2:23; Isa. 3:24). It was included apparently under “scab” and “scurf,” which disqualified for the priesthood (Lev. 21:20). The Egyptians were rarely subject to it. This probably arose from their custom of constantly shaving the head, only allowing the hair to grow as a sign of mourning. With the Jews artificial baldness was a sign of mourning (Isa. 22:12; Jer. 7:29; 16:6); it also marked the conclusion of a Nazarite’s vow (Acts 18:18; 21:24; Num. 6:9). It is often…

Smith's Bible Dictionary

Natural baldness seems to have been uncommon, since it exposed people to public derision. (Leviticus 13:29; 2 Kings 2:23; Isaiah 3:24; 15:2; Jeremiah 47:5; Ezekiel 7:18) Artificial baldness marked the conclusion of a Nazarite’s vow, (Numbers 6:9; Acts 18:18) and was a sign of mourning.

Nave's Topical Bible

→ General scriptures concerning Le 13:40,41

→ A judgment Isa 3:24; Jer 47:5; 48:37; Eze 7:18

→ Artificial, a sign of mourning Isa 22:12; Jer 16:6; Eze 27:31; 29:18; Am 8:10; Mic 1:16

→ Artificial, as an idolatrous practice, forbidden Le 21:5; De 14:1

→ INSTANCES OF

Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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