Job 37:4 — Word Study
WLCאַחֲרָ֤יו׀ יִשְׁאַג־ ק֗וֹל יַ֭רְעֵם בְּק֣וֹל גְּאוֹנ֑וֹ וְלֹ֥א יְ֝עַקְּבֵ֗ם כִּֽי־ יִשָּׁמַ֥ע קוֹלֽוֹ׃
BSAThenʼachar there comes a roaringshâʼag▸ soundqôwl [like a lion's mighty roar] He thundersrâʻam▸ [with powerful rumbling] with His majesticgâʼôwn [excellent, proud] voiceqôwl [the sound of His power] He does notlôʼ restrain [the lightning]ʻâqab▸ [hold back, stay, thunder-flames] whenkîy His voiceqôwl [the sound of His majesty] resoundsshâmaʻ▸ [is heard, sounds out]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| אַחֲרָ֤יו׀ | after it | Suffix |
| יִשְׁאַג־ | it roars | Verb, Qal, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| ק֗וֹל | a voice | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| יַ֭רְעֵם | he thunders | Verb, Hiphil, jussive third person masculine singular |
| בְּק֣וֹל | with [the] voice of | Preposition, noun common masculine singular construct |
| גְּאוֹנ֑וֹ | majesty his | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| וְלֹ֥א | and not | Conjunction, particle |
| יְ֝עַקְּבֵ֗ם | he holds back them | Verb piel imperfect third person masculine singular, suffix |
| כִּֽי־ | if | Particle |
| יִשָּׁמַ֥ע | it is heard | Verb, Niphal, imperfect third person masculine singular |
| קוֹלֽוֹ׃ | voice his | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Then there comes a roaring sound; He thunders with His majestic voice. He does not restrain the lightning when His voice resounds. |
| KJV | After it a voice roareth: he thundereth with the voice of his excellency; and he will not stay them when his voice is heard. |
| ASV | After it a voice roareth; He thundereth with the voice of his majesty; And he restraineth not the lightnings when his voice is heard. |
| YLT | After it roar doth a voice — He thundereth with the voice of His excellency, And He doth not hold them back, When His voice is heard. |
| WEB | After it a voice roars. He thunders with the voice of his majesty. He doesn’t hold back anything when his voice is heard. |
| BBE | After it a voice is sounding, thundering out the word of his power; he does not keep back his thunder-flames; from his mouth his voice is sounding. |
Where they part company is שָׁאַג — see How Translations Differ.
The structure consists of a main clause followed by descriptive clauses that elaborate on God's actions and their implications.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectקוֹל
verbשָׁאַג
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Job 37:4
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — God's Majestic Voicegenerated
Job 37:4 describes the overwhelming power of God's voice, likening it to a roaring sound that commands attention and respect. This passage is part of a larger discourse on the majesty of God, illustrating how He speaks through nature and the elements, as seen in the surrounding verses. The imagery evokes a sense of reverence for God's authority and the awe-inspiring aspects of His creation.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 29:3–9 | The voice of the LORD is over the waters; the God of glory thunders; the LORD is heard over many waters. |
| 2 | Psalm 68:33 | to Him who rides upon the highest heavens of old; behold, His mighty voice resounds. |
| 3 | Exodus 15:7–8 | You overthrew Your adversaries by Your great majesty. You unleashed Your burning wrath; it consumed them like stubble. |
| 4 | Deuteronomy 33:26 | “There is none like the God of Jeshurun, who rides the heavens to your aid, and the clouds in His majesty. |
| 5 | Job 36:27–33 | For He draws up drops of water which distill the rain from the mist, |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 5 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — שָׁאַג, yish.'ag-generated
The Hebrew word שָׁאַג (*sha'ag*) means 'to roar' and is often associated with the fierce sound of a lion or a powerful leader. It conveys a sense of intensity and authority, particularly in the context of God's voice, which is depicted as commanding and majestic.
In this verse, the form is an imperfect third person masculine singular verb, indicating an ongoing action. The roaring sound signifies not just noise but a profound presence that demands attention, reflecting God's sovereignty over creation.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb יִשְׁאַג governs the main clause, indicating the action of roaring, while the rest of the sentence expands on the description of this roaring sound and its implications. The structure emphasizes God's voice as the subject of the sentence, showcasing its power and majesty.
The sentence includes a prepositional phrase בְּק֣וֹל that describes the voice of God, linking it to His majesty. This construction highlights the relationship between God's voice and His authority, reinforcing the idea that His words carry weight and significance.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates שָׁאַג as βοήσεται, which means 'will roar.' This choice reflects a direct rendering of the Hebrew meaning, maintaining the sense of a powerful sound associated with authority.
The use of βοήσεται suggests a continuation of God's voice's impact, emphasizing the ongoing nature of His powerful presence rather than a one-time event.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Job 37:4 describes how God’s voice comes like a roaring sound, thundering with majestic power. It emphasizes that God does not hold back His might, as His voice is heard throughout creation, commanding attention and respect.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It signifies the power and authority of God, likening His voice to the fierce roar of a lion, which commands attention and respect.
The verse illustrates how God's voice is not just sound but an expression of His control over the elements, as seen in the thunder and lightning.
God's voice is described as majestic to highlight its grandeur and the awe it inspires, reflecting His divine nature and sovereignty.
It emphasizes God's unrestrained power and ability to act decisively in creation, showcasing His authority over natural phenomena.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- How do I perceive the power of God's voice in my life?
- In what ways can I respond to the majesty of God as described in this verse?
- What does it mean for me to recognize God's authority over nature?
- How can I share the awe of God's voice with others?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Gregory the Dialogist comments on this verse to illustrate the power of God's voice and its significance in the context of divine authority.
After Him a sound will roar. He will thunder with the voice of His greatness. And He will not be enquired into, when His Voice hath been heard.Early Church Fathers on Job 37 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Job 37:4 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAfter it a voice roareth,.... After the lightning comes a violent crack or clap of thunder, which is like the roaring of a lion.
Read John Gill on Job 37 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAfter it a voice roareth: he thundereth with the voice of his excellency; and he will not stay them when his voice is heard. After it - after the lightning the voice roareth.
Read Robert Jamieson on Job 37 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleAfter it a voice, i.e. after the lightning. For though the thunder be in order of nature before the lightning, yet the lightning is seen before the thunder is heard. With the voice of his excellency, or, with his excellent, or high, or lofted voice, both loud and full of majesty and awfulness. He will not stay; or, delay. Heb. take them by the heel, as Jacob did Esau in the womb, to delay or stop him from entering into the world before him. Them; either, 1. The lightnings spoken of in the beginning of the verse. But these do not stay till his voice be heard, but come before it. Or rather, 2. The rains and storms, of which he spoke before, and will speak again, .
Read Matthew Poole on Job 37 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsJob 37:4 After it a voice roareth: he thundereth with the voice of his excellency; and he will not stay them when his voice is heard.Ver. 4. After it a voice roareth] After it, that is, after the lightning, it thundereth; indeed, before, or at least together with it; but the lightning is seen before the thunder is heard, because the sense of hearing is slower than the sense of seeing, thus fire is first seen in a gun ere the report is heard; the axe of the wood cutter is up for a second blow ere we hear the first, if any way distant, Segnius irritant animos demissa per aures (Horat.). And besides, as R. Levi well observeth here, that the sight of the lightning may come from heaven to us…
Read John Trapp on Job 37 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(4) After it a voice roareth—i.e., the thunderclap which follows the lightning-flash.And he stayeth them not (or will not stay them) when his voice is heard.—What does this mean? We understand it, “Yet none can track them (i.e., the thunder and the lightning) when His voice is heard. They travel in paths which none can explore. Vivid as the lightning is, who shall pursue its course?”
Read Charles John Ellicott on Job 37 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 4. After it a voice roareth] After the flash has been seen, the peal is heard; and this will be more or fewer seconds after the peal, in proportion to the distance of the thunder cloud from the ear. Lightning traverses any space without any perceivable succession of time; nothing seems to be any obstacle to its progress. A multitude of persons taking hands, the first and the last connected with the electric machine, all feel the shock in the same instant; and were there a chain as conductor to go round the globe, the last would feel the shock in the same moment as the first. But as sound depends on the undulations of the air for its propagation, and is known to travel at the rate of…
Read AdamClarke on Job 37 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges4. with the voice of his excellency] Rather, with his voice of majesty. he will not stay them] Rather, he stayeth them not; He restrains not His lightnings. The words describe the play of the lightning, rapidly succeeding the thunder. When God’s presence is announced by His terrible voice, there also are His awful ministers, the lightnings, swift to do His commandments against His adversaries (ch. Job 36:32).
Read Cambridge on Job 37 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleAfter it a voice roareth - After the lightning; that is, the flash is seen before the thunder is heard. This is apparent to all, the interval between the lightning and the hearing of the thunder depending on the distance.
Read Albert Barnes on Job 37 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Then there comes a roaring sound; He thunders with His majestic voice. He does not restrain the lightning when His voice resounds.
After it a voice roars. He thunders with the voice of his majesty. He doesn’t hold back anything when his voice is heard.
Then there comes a roaring sound; He thunders with His majestic voice. He does not restrain the lightning when His voice resounds.
After that a voice roars; he thunders with an exalted voice, and he does not hold back his lightning bolts when his voice is heard.
Tyndale line
After it a voice roareth: he thundereth with the voice of his excellency; and he will not stay them when his voice is heard.
After it a voice roareth; He thundereth with the voice of his majesty; And he restraineth not the lightnings when his voice is heard.
After it a voice roareth; he thundereth with the voice of his majesty: and he stayeth them not when his voice is heard.
After it a voice roareth: he thundereth with the voice of his excellence; and he will not stay them when his voice is heard.
After it a noyse soundeth: hee thundereth with the voyce of his maiestie, and hee will not stay them when his voyce is heard.
Strictly literal
After it a voice roareth: he thundereth with the voice of his excellency, and holdeth not back the flashes when his voice is heard.
After it roar doth a voice — He thundereth with the voice of His excellency, And He doth not hold them back, When His voice is heard.
A voice roars after it—He thunders with the voice of His excellence, || And He does not hold them back, || When His voice is heard.
Behind it roareth the thunder; he thundereth with his majestic voice; and he holdeth them not back when his voice is heard.
A voice roars after it; he thunders with the voice of his majesty; he does not restrain the lightning bolts when his voice is heard.
From the Latin
After it a noise shall roar, he shall thunder with the voice of his majesty, and shall not be found out, when his voice shall be heard.
Simplified
Then comes the roar of thunder, his majestic voice holding nothing back when he speaks.
After it a voice is sounding, thundering out the word of his power; he does not keep back his thunder-flames; from his mouth his voice is sounding.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text of Job 37:4 presents a vivid description of God's thunderous voice, stating that it roars and does not restrain lightning. The Septuagint agrees with the Masoretic Text in terms of word correspondence, matching all 11 words, although it presents them in a different order and structure. The Dead Sea Scrolls (4Q99) also align closely with the Masoretic Text, though it contains some partially restored words and additional supplied text by an editor. Overall, the major witnesses—Masoretic Text, Septuagint, and Dead Sea Scrolls—show a strong agreement in the core message of the verse.
אַחֲרָ֤יו׀ יִשְׁאַג־ ק֗וֹל יַ֭רְעֵם בְּק֣וֹל גְּאוֹנ֑וֹ וְלֹ֥א יְ֝עַקְּבֵ֗ם כִּֽי־ יִשָּׁמַ֥ע קוֹלֽוֹ׃
11 of the 11 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
[אחרי׳ו] [ישאג] [קול] [ירעם] בקול גאונ׳ו ולא יעקב׳ם [כי] ישמע קול׳ו
4 words on the leather — 2 partly restored, 5 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Job 37:4
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word אַחַר (*achar*) primarily denotes the concept of 'after' or 'behind' in both spatial and temporal contexts. It functions as a substantive, adverb, preposition, and conjunction, indicating a following part or time. The related form אַחֲרַי (*acharai*) refers to a person who turns backwards. There is a reference to Proverbs 28:23 in relation to the latter.
אַחַר prop. subst. the hinder or following part
adv.
of place, behind
of time, afterwards
prep.
of place, behind, after
of time, after
conj. after that.
H310a אַחַר prop. subst. the hinder or following part . adv. . of place, behind
. of time, afterwards
. prep. . of place, behind, after
. of time, after
. conj. after that.
H310b אַחֲרַי a man that turneth backwards.
310 'achar akh-ar'
from 309; properly, the hind part; generally used as an
adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses):--after
(that, -ward), again, at, away from, back (from, -side),
behind, beside, by, follow (after, -ing), forasmuch, from,
hereafter, hinder end, + out (over) live, + persecute,
posterity, pursuing, remnant, seeing, since, thence(-forth),
when, with.
see HEBREW for 0309
אַחַר (a.char) — after.
1) after the following part, behind (of place), hinder, afterwards (of time)
1a) as an adverb
1a1) behind (of place)
1a2) afterwards (of time)
1b) as a preposition
1b1) behind, after (of place)
1b2) after (of time)
1b3) besides
1c) as a conjunction
1c) after that
1d) as a substantive
1d1) hinder part
1e) with other prepositions
1e1) from behind
1e2) from following after
אַחֲרַי (a.cha.ray) — backwards.
backwards (of a man that turns backwards)
Prep | Suff — SuffixHAcmpc/Sp3ms
The Hebrew word שָׁאַג (sha'ag) means 'to roar' and is derived from a primitive root. It covers the action of roaring, particularly in contexts involving a lion, a conqueror, or a cry of distress. The entries consistently emphasize the powerful nature of the sound, but do not provide specific verse references.
H7580 שָׁאַג roar
7580 sha'ag shaw-ag'
a primitive root; to rumble or moan:--X mightily, roar.
שָׁאַג (sha.ag) — to roar.
1) (Qal) to roar
1a) of lion, conqueror, Jehovah, cry of distress
V-Qal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · imperfect third person masculine singularHVqi3ms
קוֹל (qol) primarily means 'voice' or 'sound,' encompassing various contexts such as music, noise, and even thunder. It can also denote lightness or frivolity. The word is built from a root meaning to call aloud and appears in various forms throughout the Old Testament, including a reference in Jeremiah 3:9.
ref
H6963a קוֹל sound, voice H6963b קֹל lightness, frivolity
6963 qowl kole
or qol {kole}; from an unused root meaning to call aloud; a
voice or sound:--+ aloud, bleating, crackling, cry (+ out),
fame, lightness, lowing, noise, + hold peace, (pro-)claim,
proclamation, + sing, sound, + spark, thunder(-ing), voice, +
yell.
קוֹל (qol) — voice.
: voice/shout/loud
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
קֹל (qol) — frivolity.
lightness, frivolity
קוֹל (qol) — voice: sound.
: sound/noise
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
קוֹל (qol) — voice: thunder.
: thunder
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
קוֹל (qol) — voice: message.
: message/proclaim
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
קוֹל (qol) — voice: [sound of].
: [sound_of](THING)
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
קוֹל (qol) — voice: listen.
: listen
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
רָעַם (ra`am) is a Hebrew verb primarily meaning 'to thunder.' It can refer to the sound of thunder or the act of causing thunder, with additional meanings of agitation or irritation. The entries indicate that it can be used in both the Qal and Hiphil forms, covering a range of meanings from making thunderous sounds to causing trembling.
[רָעַם] vb. denom. thunder
Qal make the sound of thunder, thunder
Hiph. thunder, cause to thunder
base
H7481 רָעַם vb. denom. thunder
7481 ra`am raw-am'
a primitive root; to tumble, i.e. be violently agitated;
specifically, to crash (of thunder); figuratively, to irritate
(with anger):--make to fret, roar, thunder, trouble.
רָעַם (ra.am) — to thunder.
1) to thunder
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to make the sound of thunder, thunder
1a2) to rage
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to thunder, cause thunder
1b2) to tremble, cause to tremble (by extension)
V-Hiphil-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Hiphil · jussive third person masculine singularHVhj3ms
קוֹל (qol) primarily means 'voice' or 'sound,' encompassing various contexts such as music, noise, and even thunder. It can also denote lightness or frivolity. The word is built from a root meaning to call aloud and appears in various forms throughout the Old Testament, including a reference in Jeremiah 3:9.
ref
H6963a קוֹל sound, voice H6963b קֹל lightness, frivolity
6963 qowl kole
or qol {kole}; from an unused root meaning to call aloud; a
voice or sound:--+ aloud, bleating, crackling, cry (+ out),
fame, lightness, lowing, noise, + hold peace, (pro-)claim,
proclamation, + sing, sound, + spark, thunder(-ing), voice, +
yell.
קוֹל (qol) — voice.
: voice/shout/loud
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
קֹל (qol) — frivolity.
lightness, frivolity
קוֹל (qol) — voice: sound.
: sound/noise
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
קוֹל (qol) — voice: thunder.
: thunder
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
קוֹל (qol) — voice: message.
: message/proclaim
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
קוֹל (qol) — voice: [sound of].
: [sound_of](THING)
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
קוֹל (qol) — voice: listen.
: listen
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
Prep | N-ms — Preposition · noun common masculine singular constructHR/Ncmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
גָּאוֹן (ga'own) refers to exaltation, majesty, and excellence, but can also imply pride in a negative sense. It is derived from the root associated with arrogance and includes connotations of both divine and national majesty, as well as references to the Jordan. The entries consistently highlight these meanings without significant disagreement.
גָּאוֹן n.m. exaltation
exaltation, majesty, excellence
pride (bad sense)
base
H1347 גָּאוֹן exaltation . exaltation, majesty, excellence
. pride (bad sense)
1347 ga'own gaw-ohn'
from 1342; the same as 1346:--arrogancy, excellency(-lent),
majesty, pomp, pride, proud, swelling.
see HEBREW for 01342
see HEBREW for 01346
גָּאוֹן (ga.on) — pride.
1) exaltation, majesty, pride
1a) majesty, exaltation, excellence
1a1) of nations
1a2) of God
1a3) of the Jordan
1b) pride, arrogance (bad sense)
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp3ms
לֹא (lo') is a Hebrew word meaning 'not' or 'no.' It serves as a simple negation and can imply absence or prohibition. The word can also be used in various contexts, often combined with other particles for emphasis or clarification. Its Aramaic equivalent is לָא (la), which also means 'not.'
לֹא or לוֹא adv. not
base
H3808 לֹא or לוֹא not
3808 lo' lo
or lowi {lo}; or loh (Deut. 3:11) {lo}; a primitive particle;
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often
used with other particles (as follows):--X before, + or else,
ere, + except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never,
no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), (X as though...,(can-), for) not (out
of), of nought, otherwise, out of, + surely, + as truly as, +
of a truth, + verily, for want, + whether, without.
לֹא (lo) — not.
1) not, no
1a) not (with verb-absolute prohibition)
1b) not (with modifier-negation)
1c) nothing (subst)
1d) without (with particle)
1e) before (of time)
Aramaic equivalent: la (לָא "not" H3809)
Conj | Part — Conjunction · particleHC/Tn
עָקַב (ʿāqav) is a Hebrew verb meaning to follow at the heel, with figurative senses including to assail insidiously, circumvent, and overreach. It is derived from the root meaning to seize by the heel. The entries indicate its use in various forms, including Qal and Piel, with applications in contexts of supplanting or holding back.
עָקַב vb. follow at the heel, fig. assail insidiously, circumvent, overreach (denom.)
Qal he attacked his brother at the heel
Pi. dub.; poss. attack at the heel, hence fig. hold back
base
H6117 עָקַב follow at the heel, fig. assail insidiously, circumvent, overreach (denom.)
6117 `aqab aw-kab'
a primitive root; properly, to swell out or up; used only as
denominative from 6119, to seize by the heel; figuratively, to
circumvent (as if tripping up the heels); also to restrain (as
if holding by the heel):--take by the heel, stay, supplant, X
utterly.
see HEBREW for 06119
עָקַב (a.qav) — to assail.
1) to supplant, circumvent, take by the heel, follow at the heel, assail insidiously, overreach
1a) (Qal) to supplant, overreach, attack at the heel
1b) (Piel) to hold back
V-Piel-Imperf-3ms | Suff — Verb piel imperfect third person masculine singular · suffixHVpi3ms/Sp3mp
כִּי (ki) is a conjunction primarily meaning 'that,' 'for,' or 'when.' It indicates causal relationships and can express conditions like 'if' or 'though.' The word is versatile, appearing in various contexts to convey certainty, exception, or concession. Notably, it can combine with other particles to modify its meaning, such as in the phrase כִּי אם־ (ki im), meaning 'that if.'
כִּי conj. that, for, when
that
Of time, when, of the past
elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם
when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though
Because, since
base
כִּי אם־
each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause:
that if
for if
(About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause—
limiting the prec. clause, except
the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but
after an oath, surely
base
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
H3588a כִּי that, for, when . that
. . Of time, when, of the past
. elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם
. when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though
. Because, since
H3588b כִּי אם־ . each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause: . that if
. for if
. (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause— . limiting the prec. clause, except
. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but
. after an oath, surely
H3588c כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
3588 kiy kee
a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional
prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent
or consequent; (by implication) very widely used as a relative
conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by
other particles annexed:--and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch,
where-)as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else,
even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, +
nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then,
therefore, + (al- )though, + till, truly, + until, when,
whether, while, whom, yea, yet.
כִּי (ki) — for.
1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since
1a) that
1a1) yea, indeed
1b) when (of time)
1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)
1c) because, since (causal connection)
1d) but (after negative)
1e) that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if
1f) but rather, but
1g) except that
1h) only, nevertheless
1i) surely
1j) that is
1k) but if
1l) for though
1m) forasmuch as, for therefore
כִּי [אם] (ki im) — that if: except.
1) except if
1a) but if
1b) even though
כִּי [עַל כֵּן] (ki [al ken]) — for as that: since.
1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since
1a) that
1a1) yea, indeed
1b) when (of time)
1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)
1c) because, since (causal connection)
1d) but (after negative)
Conj — ParticleHTc
The Hebrew word שָׁמַע (shama`) means 'to hear' and encompasses a range of meanings including listening, obeying, and proclaiming. It is built from a primitive root and can imply attention and understanding. The entries highlight various grammatical forms, such as Qal, Niphal, Piel, and Hiphil, indicating different nuances of hearing and obeying. There is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.
שָׁמַע 1152 vb. hear
Qal 1052
subj. pers. hum.
י׳ (God) subj.
Niph. 42 be heard, of voice, sound
be heard of
be regarded, obeyed
= (favourable) hearing was granted to their voice.
Pi. he caused the people to hear
Hiph. 63
of man
י׳ subj.
base
H8085 שָׁמַע hear
8085 shama` shaw-mah'
a primitive root; to hear intelligently (often with
implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to
tell, etc.):--X attentively, call (gather) together, X
carefully, X certainly, consent, consider, be content,
declare, X diligently, discern, give ear, (cause to, let, make
to) hear(-ken, tell), X indeed, listen, make (a) noise, (be)
obedient, obey, perceive, (make a) proclaim(-ation), publish,
regard, report, shew (forth), (make a) sound, X surely, tell,
understand, whosoever (heareth), witness.
שָׁמַע (sha.ma) — to hear: hear.
: hear
v
1) to hear, listen to, obey
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to hear (perceive by ear)
1a2) to hear of or concerning
1a3) to hear (have power to hear)
1a4) to hear with attention or interest, listen to
1a5) to understand (language)
1a6) to hear (of judicial cases)
1a7) to listen, give heed
1a7a) to consent, agree
1a7b) to grant request
1a8) to listen to, yield to
1a9) to obey, be obedient
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be heard (of voice or sound)
1b2) to be heard of
1b3) to be regarded, be obeyed
1c) (Piel) to cause to hear, call to hear, summon
1d) (Hiphil)
1d1) to cause to hear, tell, proclaim, utter a sound
1d2) to sound aloud (musical term)
1d3) to make proclamation, summon
1d4) to cause to be heard
n m
2) sound
שָׁמַע (sha.ma) — to hear: obey.
: obey
v
1) to hear, listen to, obey
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to hear (perceive by ear)
1a2) to hear of or concerning
1a3) to hear (have power to hear)
V-Niphal-Imperf-3ms — Verb · Niphal · imperfect third person masculine singularHVNi3ms
קוֹל (qol) primarily means 'voice' or 'sound,' encompassing various contexts such as music, noise, and even thunder. It can also denote lightness or frivolity. The word is built from a root meaning to call aloud and appears in various forms throughout the Old Testament, including a reference in Jeremiah 3:9.
ref
H6963a קוֹל sound, voice H6963b קֹל lightness, frivolity
6963 qowl kole
or qol {kole}; from an unused root meaning to call aloud; a
voice or sound:--+ aloud, bleating, crackling, cry (+ out),
fame, lightness, lowing, noise, + hold peace, (pro-)claim,
proclamation, + sing, sound, + spark, thunder(-ing), voice, +
yell.
קוֹל (qol) — voice.
: voice/shout/loud
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
קֹל (qol) — frivolity.
lightness, frivolity
קוֹל (qol) — voice: sound.
: sound/noise
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
קוֹל (qol) — voice: thunder.
: thunder
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
קוֹל (qol) — voice: message.
: message/proclaim
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
קוֹל (qol) — voice: [sound of].
: [sound_of](THING)
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
קוֹל (qol) — voice: listen.
: listen
1) voice, sound, noise
1a) voice
1b) sound (of instrument)
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp3ms