Leviticus 25:14 — Word Study
WLCוְכִֽי־ תִמְכְּר֤וּ מִמְכָּר֙ לַעֲמִיתֶ֔ךָ א֥וֹ קָנֹ֖ה מִיַּ֣ד עֲמִיתֶ֑ךָ אַל־ תּוֹנ֖וּ אִ֥ישׁ אֶת־ אָחִֽיו׃
BSAIfkîy you make a salemâkar▸ [business transaction, sale or purchase] to your neighborʻâmîyth [close companion, fellow Israelite] orʼôw a purchaseqânâh [commercial acquisition, buying] fromyâd himʻâmîyth you must notʼal [wrong, oppress or exploit] take advantageyânâh▸ of eachʼîysh otherʼâch
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְכִֽי־ | and if | Conjunction, particle |
| תִמְכְּר֤וּ | you will sell | Verb, Qal, imperfect second person masculine plural |
| מִמְכָּר֙ | a thing sold | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| לַעֲמִיתֶ֔ךָ | to fellow citizen your | Preposition, noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| א֥וֹ | or | Conjunction |
| קָנֹ֖ה | you will buy | Verb, Qal, infinitive absolute |
| מִיַּ֣ד | from [the] hand of | Preposition, noun common both singular construct |
| עֲמִיתֶ֑ךָ | fellow citizen your | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| אַל־ | may not | Particle |
| תּוֹנ֖וּ | you maltreat | Verb, Hiphil, imperfect second person masculine plural |
| אִ֥ישׁ | each | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| אֶת־ | the object marker | Particle |
| אָחִֽיו׃ | brother his | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | If you make a sale to your neighbor or a purchase from him, you must not take advantage of each other. |
| KJV | And if thou sell ought unto thy neighbour, or buyest ought of thy neighbour’s hand, ye shall not oppress one another: |
| ASV | And if thou sell aught unto thy neighbor, or buy of thy neighbor’s hand, ye shall not wrong one another. |
| YLT | 'And when thou sellest anything to thy fellow, or buyest from the hand of thy fellow, ye do not oppress one another; |
| WEB | “‘If you sell anything to your neighbor, or buy from your neighbor, you shall not wrong one another. |
| BBE | And in the business of trading goods for money, do no wrong to one another. |
Where they part company is on the phrase תּוֹנ֖וּ — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence consists of two main clauses connected by a conditional phrase, emphasizing the importance of ethical behavior in transactions.







8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbמָכַר
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Leviticus 25:14
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Laws on Fair Tradinggenerated
Leviticus 25:14 provides guidelines for the Israelites regarding sales and purchases during the Year of Jubilee. It emphasizes the importance of fair dealings among neighbors, ensuring that no one takes advantage of another's situation. This reflects the broader biblical principle of justice and equity in community life, as seen in other passages like Leviticus 19:13 and Deuteronomy 16:19-20.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Leviticus 25:17 | Do not take advantage of each other, but fear your God; for I am the LORD your God. |
| 2 | Leviticus 19:13 | You must not defraud your neighbor or rob him. You must not withhold until morning the wages due a hired hand. |
| 3 | Deuteronomy 16:19–20 | Do not deny justice or show partiality. Do not accept a bribe, for a bribe blinds the eyes of the wise and twists the words of the righteous. |
| 4 | Judges 4:3 | Then the Israelites cried out to the LORD, because Jabin had nine hundred chariots of iron, and he had harshly oppressed the Israelites for twenty years. |
| 5 | 1 Samuel 12:3–4 | Here I am. Bear witness against me before the LORD and before His anointed: Whose ox or donkey have I taken? Whom have I cheated or oppressed? From whose hand have I accepted a bribe and closed my eyes? Tell me, and I will restore it to you.” |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 29 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — תּוֹנ֖וּ, to.Nugenerated
The verb יָנָה (yanah) means 'to maltreat' or 'to oppress.' It is a Hiphil form, indicating an action that causes harm to another person. This word reflects the ethical standards expected of the Israelites in their interactions, particularly in commercial transactions.
The use of this verb in the context of trading highlights the moral obligation to treat others with respect and fairness. It underscores the seriousness of exploiting a neighbor, which is prohibited in the community's dealings.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb תִמְכְּר֤וּ (you will sell) governs the main clause, with additional phrases indicating the conditions of the sale. The structure emphasizes the relationship between the actions of selling and buying.
The sentence is constructed with a series of phrases that clarify the nature of the transactions, highlighting the importance of ethical conduct in these exchanges.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates תִמְכְּר֤וּ as ἀποδῷ, meaning 'to give up' or 'to sell.' This choice broadens the understanding of the transaction, suggesting a deeper relational aspect in the act of selling.
The translation of תּוֹנ֖וּ as θλιβέτω indicates an emphasis on the oppression aspect, aligning with the Hebrew meaning but also suggesting a broader application of the principle of fairness.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Leviticus 25:14 teaches that when you make a sale or purchase with your neighbor, you must treat each other fairly and not take advantage of one another. This commandment is part of God's instructions to ensure justice and equity in the community.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It means to exploit or oppress someone in a transaction, which is strictly prohibited in this verse.
Fairness reflects God's character and His desire for justice and equity among His people.
The Year of Jubilee is a time for restoring property and ensuring that all transactions are fair, reinforcing the community's commitment to justice.
In modern contexts, this principle encourages ethical business practices and fair treatment in all forms of transactions.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- How can I ensure that I am treating others fairly in my business dealings?
- What are some examples of taking advantage of others in transactions today?
- In what ways can I promote justice and fairness in my community?
- How does understanding this commandment affect my view of commerce and trade?
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Leviticus 25:14 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd if thou sell ought unto thy neighbour,.... Any estate or possession, house or land, at any time before the year of jubilee: or buyest [ought] of thy neighbour's hand; of movable goods, as the
Read John Gill on Leviticus 25 →
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd if thou sell ought unto thy neighbour, or buyest ought of thy neighbour's hand, ye shall not oppress one another: No JFB commentary on these verses.
Read Robert Jamieson on Leviticus 25 →
Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleNeither the seller by requiring more, nor the buyer by taking the advantage from his brother’ s necessities to give him less than the worth of it.
Read Matthew Poole on Leviticus 25 →
John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsLeviticus 25:14 And if thou sell ought unto thy neighbour, or buyest [ought] of thy neighbour’ s hand, ye shall not oppress one another:Ver. 14. Ye shall not oppress.] But proceed by that golden rule, "Whatever ye would that men should do to you, even so do ye to them."
Read John Trapp on Leviticus 25 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(14) Ye shall not oppress one another.—Better, ye shall not overreach any man his brother. Not only does the Law provide against the poor man losing his land for ever, but enjoins that in the temporary sales the buyer and seller are not to take undue advantage of each other’s circumstances. Hence it was enacted that if any one bought or sold anything for a sixth part more than its value the aggrieved party was entitled to have the excess returned to him, and if it amounted to more than a sixth part, the contract could be rescinded altogether. The fact that the phrase which is here translated “one another” in the Authorised Version is varied in the Hebrew in Leviticus 25:17, where it is…
Read Charles John Ellicott on Leviticus 25 →
AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 14. Ye shall not oppress one another] Ye shall take no advantage of each other's ignorance either in buying or selling; for he that buys an article at less than it is worth, or sells one for more than it is worth, taking advantage in both cases of the ignorance of the vender or buyer, is no better than a thief, as he actually robs his neighbour of as much property as he has bought the article at below or sold it above its current value.
Read AdamClarke on Leviticus 25 →
CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges14. thou … ye] The variation in person indicates the combination of two sources. thy neighbour] An unusual Heb. word (‘âmîth), occurring in the H section eleven times, 5:21 (bis), Leviticus 18:20, Leviticus 19:11; Leviticus 19:15; Leviticus 19:17, Leviticus 24:19, Leviticus 25:14 (bis), Leviticus 25:15; Leviticus 25:17; only once outside Lev., in Zechariah 13:7.
Read Cambridge on Leviticus 25 →
Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleSell ought - i. e., any piece of ground. Oppress one another - Rather, overreach one another. (Compare 1 Samuel 12:3-4).
Read Albert Barnes on Leviticus 25 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
If you make a sale to your neighbor or a purchase from him, you must not take advantage of each other.
“‘If you sell anything to your neighbor, or buy from your neighbor, you shall not wrong one another.
If you make a sale to your neighbor or a purchase from him, you must not take advantage of each other.
If you make a sale to your fellow citizen or buy from your fellow citizen, no one is to wrong his brother.
Tyndale line
And if thou sell ought unto thy neighbour, or buyest ought of thy neighbour’s hand, ye shall not oppress one another:
And if thou sell aught unto thy neighbor, or buy of thy neighbor’s hand, ye shall not wrong one another.
And if thou sell aught unto thy neighbour, or buy of thy neighbour’s hand, ye shall not wrong one another:
And if thou shalt sell aught to thy neighbor, or buy aught of thy neighbor's hand, ye shall not oppress one another:
And when thou sellest ought to thy neighbour, or byest at thy neighbours hande, ye shall not oppresse one another:
Strictly literal
And if ye sell ought unto your neighbour, or buy of your neighbour's hand, ye shall not overreach one another.
'And when thou sellest anything to thy fellow, or buyest from the hand of thy fellow, ye do not oppress one another;
And when you sell anything to your fellow, or buy from the hand of your fellow, you do not oppress one another;
And if thou sell aught unto thy neighbor, or buy aught of thy neighbor's hand, ye shall not overreach one the other;
If you sell any land to your neighbor or buy any land from your neighbor, you must not cheat or wrong each other.
From the Latin
When thou shalt sell any thing to thy neighbour, or shalt buy of him; grieve not thy brother: but thou shalt buy of him according to the number of years from the jubilee.
Simplified
If you sell land to your neighbor, or buy land from him, don't exploit one another.
And in the business of trading goods for money, do no wrong to one another.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text is supported by the Septuagint, which matches 12 of the 13 words. The Samaritan Pentateuch differs by one word, using תמכר instead of תִמְכְּר֤וּ, but the overall message remains consistent across these texts.
וְכִֽי־ תִמְכְּר֤וּ מִמְכָּר֙ לַעֲמִיתֶ֔ךָ א֥וֹ קָנֹ֖ה מִיַּ֣ד עֲמִיתֶ֑ךָ אַל־ תּוֹנ֖וּ אִ֥ישׁ אֶת־ אָחִֽיו׃
12 of the 13 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
וכי תמכר ממכר לעמיתך או קנה מיד עמיתך אל תונו אישׁ את אחיו
1 word differs from the Masoretic Text: תמכר (sell)
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Leviticus 25:14
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
כִּי (ki) is a conjunction primarily meaning 'that,' 'for,' or 'when.' It indicates causal relationships and can express conditions like 'if' or 'though.' The word is versatile, appearing in various contexts to convey certainty, exception, or concession. Notably, it can combine with other particles to modify its meaning, such as in the phrase כִּי אם־ (ki im), meaning 'that if.'
כִּי conj. that, for, when
that
Of time, when, of the past
elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם
when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though
Because, since
base
כִּי אם־
each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause:
that if
for if
(About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause—
limiting the prec. clause, except
the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but
after an oath, surely
base
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
H3588a כִּי that, for, when . that
. . Of time, when, of the past
. elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usu. represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם
. when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though
. Because, since
H3588b כִּי אם־ . each part. retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause: . that if
. for if
. (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause— . limiting the prec. clause, except
. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic, so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but
. after an oath, surely
H3588c כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
3588 kiy kee
a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional
prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent
or consequent; (by implication) very widely used as a relative
conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by
other particles annexed:--and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch,
where-)as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else,
even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, +
nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then,
therefore, + (al- )though, + till, truly, + until, when,
whether, while, whom, yea, yet.
כִּי (ki) — for.
1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since
1a) that
1a1) yea, indeed
1b) when (of time)
1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)
1c) because, since (causal connection)
1d) but (after negative)
1e) that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if
1f) but rather, but
1g) except that
1h) only, nevertheless
1i) surely
1j) that is
1k) but if
1l) for though
1m) forasmuch as, for therefore
כִּי [אם] (ki im) — that if: except.
1) except if
1a) but if
1b) even though
כִּי [עַל כֵּן] (ki [al ken]) — for as that: since.
1) that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since
1a) that
1a1) yea, indeed
1b) when (of time)
1b1) when, if, though (with a concessive force)
1c) because, since (causal connection)
1d) but (after negative)
Conj | Conj — Conjunction · particleHC/Tc
מָכַר (makar) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to sell.' It encompasses various forms, including selling merchandise, giving a daughter in marriage, or even selling oneself into slavery. The word appears in different grammatical forms, such as Qal (to sell), Niphal (to be sold), and Hithpael (to sell oneself). It reflects both literal and figurative senses of selling.
מָכַר vb. sell
Qal sell
Niph. be sold
Hithp. sell oneself as slave
base
H4376 מָכַר sell
4376 makar maw-kar'
a primitive root; to sell, literally (as merchandise, a
daughter in marriage, into slavery), or figuratively (to
surrender):--X at all, sell (away, -er, self).
מָכַר (ma.khar) — to sell.
1) to sell
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to sell
1a2) seller (participle)
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to be sold
1b2) to sell oneself
1b3) to be given over to death
1c) (Hithpael) to sell oneself
V-Qal-Imperf-2mp — Verb · Qal · imperfect second person masculine pluralHVqi2mp
The Hebrew word מִמְכָּר (mimkar) refers to a sale or merchandise. It is derived from the root word for selling, and is used to describe items that are sold or the act of selling itself. The entries consistently emphasize its connection to commerce and trade.
מִמְכָּר n.m. sale, ware
base
H4465 מִמְכָּר sale, ware
4465 mimkar mim-kawr'
from 4376; merchandise; abstractly, a selling:--X ought,
(that which cometh of) sale, that which...sold, ware.
see HEBREW for 04376
מִמְכָּר (mim.kar) — sale.
sale, ware, thing sold
HNcmsa — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
עָמִית (`amiyth) refers to an associate or fellow, emphasizing companionship and kinship. It is derived from a root meaning to associate, and is used to denote a neighbor or kindred person. The entries consistently highlight its relational aspect, with no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
[עָמִית] n.m. associate, fellow, relation (perh. orig. f. abstr. association)
base
H5997 עָמִית
5997 `amiyth aw-meeth'
from a primitive root meaning to associate; companionship;
hence (concretely) a comrade or kindred man:--another,
fellow, neighbour.
עָמִית (a.mit) — neighbor.
relation, neighbour, associate, fellow
Prep | N-ms | Suff — Preposition · noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHR/Ncmsc/Sp2ms
The Hebrew word אוֹ (*'ow*) primarily functions as a conjunction meaning 'or,' often indicating a preference or choice between options. It can also introduce examples, express conditions, or imply alternatives. Additionally, it is associated with the noun meaning 'desire' in Proverbs 31:4. The entries reflect a range of uses, but do not present significant disagreement.
אוֹ 320 conj. or
sometimes implying a preference, nearly or rather
introducing a sentence, esp. a particular case under a general principle, or = or if
if perchance
once, with the juss. = except
base
[אֵו] n.m. אוֹ, Kt Pr 31:4 desire, so Thes MV; but < Qr אֵי q.v.
done
H176 אוֹ or . sometimes implying a preference, nearly or rather
. introducing a sentence, esp. a particular case under a general principle, or = or if
. if perchance
. once, with the juss. = except
176 'ow o
presumed to be the "constructive" or genitival form of -av
{av}; short for 185; desire (and so probably in Prov. 31:4);
hence (by way of alternative) or, also if:--also, and,
either, if, at the least, X nor, or, otherwise, then, whether.
see HEBREW for 0185
אוֹ (o) — or.
1) or, rather
1a) implying that the latter choice is preferred
1b) or if, introducing an example to be seen under a particular principle
1c) (in series) either...or, whether...or
1d) if perchance
1e) except, or else
2) whether, not the least, if, otherwise, also, and, then
אוֹ (o) — desire.
desire
Conj — ConjunctionHC
or: The word is used once for either (1Sa 26:10), and is still in poetic use in this sense; as in, "Without or wave or wind" (Coleridge); "Or the bakke or some bone he breketh in his dzouthe" (Piers Plowman (B), VII, 93; compare Merchant of Venice, III, ii, 65). It is also used with "ever" for before (Ps 90:2; Ecclesiasticus 18:19), which the American Standard Revised Version substitutes in Ec 12:6 (compare 12:1,2); So 6:12; Da 6:24.
The Hebrew word קָנָה (*qanah*) primarily means to get, acquire, or buy. It can also imply creating or procuring something, often in a poetic context. The entries indicate various usages, including God acquiring His people and Eve acquiring knowledge. There is an Aramaic equivalent, קְנָא (*qe.na*), which also means 'to buy.'
קָנָה 84 vb. get, acquire
Qal 81
get, acquire (all poet.)
elsewhere buy
Niph. be bought
Hiph. caused (one) to purchase me, i.e. made me a bondman
base
H7069 קָנָה get, acquire .. get, acquire (all poet.)
. elsewhere buy
. be bought
. caused (one) to purchase me, i.e. made me a bondman
7069 qanah kaw-naw'
a primitive root; to erect, i.e. create; by extension, to
procure, especially by purchase (causatively, sell); by
implication to own:--attain, buy(-er), teach to keep cattle,
get, provoke to jealousy, possess(-or), purchase, recover,
redeem, X surely, X verily.
קָנָה (qa.nah) — to buy.
1) to get, acquire, create, buy, possess
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to get, acquire, obtain
1a1a) of God originating, creating, redeeming His people
1a1a1) possessor
1a1b) of Eve acquiring
1a1c) of acquiring knowledge, wisdom
1a2) to buy
1b) (Niphal) to be bought
1c) (Hiphil) to cause to possess
Aramaic equivalent: qe.na (קְנָא "to buy" H7066)
V-Qal-Ptc — Verb · Qal · infinitive absoluteHVqaa
יָד (yad) means 'hand' and can also refer to strength or power in a figurative sense. It encompasses various technical uses, such as a sign or monument, parts or shares, and even specific components in construction, like axle-trees and supports for the laver. The word is versatile, appearing in both literal and metaphorical contexts.
יָד 1604 n.f. hand
hand
Fig. = strength, power
Fig. = side
יָד is used in various special, technical senses:—
sign, monument
part, fractional part or share
time, repetition
axle-trees
stays, supports for laver
tenons on sides of boards of tabernacle
a (beckoning) hand
יַד with prep.
base
H3027 יָד hand . hand
. Fig. = strength, power
. Fig. = side
. יָד is used in various special, technical senses:— . sign, monument
. part, fractional part or share
. time, repetition
. axle-trees
. stays, supports for laver
. tenons on sides of boards of tabernacle
. a (beckoning) hand
. יַד with prep.
3027 yad yawd
a primitive word; a hand (the open one (indicating power,
means, direction, etc.), in distinction from 3709, the closed
one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great variety of
applications, both literally and figuratively, both proximate
and remote (as follows):--(+ be) able, X about, + armholes,
at, axletree, because of, beside, border, X bounty, + broad,
(broken-)handed, X by, charge, coast, + consecrate, +
creditor, custody, debt, dominion, X enough, + fellowship,
force, X from, hand(-staves, -y work), X he, himself, X in,
labour, + large, ledge, (left-)handed, means, X mine,
ministry, near, X of, X order, ordinance, X our, parts, pain,
power, X presumptuously, service, side, sore, state, stay,
draw with strength, stroke, + swear, terror, X thee, X by
them, X themselves, X thine own, X thou, through, X throwing,
+ thumb, times, X to, X under, X us, X wait on, (way-)side,
יָד (yad) — hand.
: hand/arm[anatomy]
1) hand
1a) hand (of man)
1b) strength, power (fig.)
1c) side (of land), part, portion (metaph.) (fig.)
1d) (various special, technical senses)
1d1) sign, monument
1d2) part, fractional part, share
1d3) time, repetition
1d4) axle-trees, axle
1d5) stays, support (for laver)
1d6) tenons (in tabernacle)
1d7) a phallus, a hand (meaning unsure)
1d8) wrists
יָד (yad) — hand: power.
: hand/arm[anatomy]
1) hand
1a) hand (of man)
1b) strength, power (fig.)
1c) side (of land), part, portion (metaph.) (fig.)
1d) (various special, technical senses)
1d1) sign, monument
1d2) part, fractional part, share
1d3) time, repetition
1d4) axle-trees, axle
1d5) stays, support (for laver)
1d6) tenons (in tabernacle)
1d7) a phallus, a hand (meaning unsure)
1d8) wrists
יָד (yad) — hand: themselves.
: hand/arm[anatomy]
1) hand
1a) hand (of man)
1b) strength, power (fig.)
Prep | N-cs — Preposition · noun common both singular constructHR/Ncbsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
עָמִית (`amiyth) refers to an associate or fellow, emphasizing companionship and kinship. It is derived from a root meaning to associate, and is used to denote a neighbor or kindred person. The entries consistently highlight its relational aspect, with no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
[עָמִית] n.m. associate, fellow, relation (perh. orig. f. abstr. association)
base
H5997 עָמִית
5997 `amiyth aw-meeth'
from a primitive root meaning to associate; companionship;
hence (concretely) a comrade or kindred man:--another,
fellow, neighbour.
עָמִית (a.mit) — neighbor.
relation, neighbour, associate, fellow
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp2ms
אַל (al) is a negative particle meaning 'not' or 'no,' often used to express a wish or prohibition rather than an objective fact. It can also function as a noun meaning 'nothing.' The lexicons highlight its use in various contexts, including deprecative forms, but do not show significant disagreement.
אַל adv. of negation, denying however, not objectively as a fact, but subjectively as a wish, expressing therefore a deprecation or prohibition
base
H408 אַל adv. of negation, denying however, not objectively as a fact, but subjectively as a wish, expressing therefore a deprecation or prohibition
408 'al al
a negative particle (akin to 3808); not (the qualified
negation, used as a deprecative); once (Job 24:25) as a noun,
nothing:--nay, neither, + never, no ,nor, not, nothing
(worth), rather than.
see HEBREW for 03808
אַל (al) — not.
1) not, no, nor, neither, nothing (as wish or preference)
1a) do not, let not (with a verb)
1b) let there not be (with a verb understood)
1c) not, no (with substantive)
1d) nothing (as substantive)
Aramaic equivalent: al (אַל "not" H0409)
Part — ParticleHTn
יָנָה (yanah) is a Hebrew verb that conveys the idea of oppression and maltreatment. It can mean to suppress or treat violently, with its roots suggesting actions like vexing or doing wrong. The verb appears in different forms, such as Qal and Hiphil, indicating various nuances of oppression and maltreatment.
[יָנָה] vb. suppress (?), oppress, maltreat
Qal suppress (?)
Hiph. oppress, maltreat
base
H3238 [יָנָה] suppress (?), oppress, maltreat
3238 yanah yaw-naw'
a primitive root; to rage or be violent: by implication, to
suppress, to maltreat:--destroy, (thrust out by)
oppress(-ing, -ion, -or), proud, vex, do violence.
יָנָה (ya.nah) — to oppress.
1) to oppress, suppress, treat violently, maltreat, vex, do wrong
1a) (Qal) to oppress, suppress
1b) (Hiphil) to treat violently, maltreat
V-Hiphil-Juss-2mp — Verb · Hiphil · imperfect second person masculine pluralHVhi2mp
The Hebrew word אִישׁ (iysh) means 'man' and can refer to an individual male, a husband, or a human being in general. It encompasses various meanings, including champion and great man, and can also imply 'whosoever' or 'each.' The word is built from a root suggesting existence and is used throughout the Old Testament.
אִישׁ 2166 n.m. man (= vir)
base
H376 אִישׁ man (= vir)
376 'iysh eesh
contracted for 582 (or perhaps rather from an unused root
meaning to be extant); a man as an individual or a male
person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and
in such cases frequently not expressed in
translation):--also, another, any (man), a certain, +
champion, consent, each, every (one), fellow, (foot-,
husband-)man, (good-, great, mighty) man, he, high (degree),
him (that is), husband, man(-kind), + none, one, people,
person, + steward, what (man) soever, whoso(-ever), worthy.
Compare 802.
see HEBREW for 0582
see HEBREW for 0802
אִישׁ (ish) — man.
: man
1) man
1a) man, male (in contrast to woman, female)
1b) husband
1c) human being, person (in contrast to God)
1d) servant
1e) mankind
1f) champion
1g) great man
2) whosoever
3) each (adjective)
אִישׁ (ish) — man: husband.
: husband
1) man
1a) man, male (in contrast to woman, female)
1b) husband
1c) human being, person (in contrast to God)
1d) servant
1e) mankind
1f) champion
1g) great man
2) whosoever
3) each (adjective)
אִישׁ (ish) — man: anyone.
: anyone/someone
1) man
1a) man, male (in contrast to woman, female)
1b) husband
1c) human being, person (in contrast to God)
1d) servant
1e) mankind
1f) champion
1g) great man
2) whosoever
3) each (adjective)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HTo — ParticleHTo
אָח (ach) means 'brother' and encompasses a broad range of relationships, including literal siblings, half-brothers, and metaphorical kinship. It can refer to any male relative or compatriot, and it may also imply resemblance or reciprocal relationships. The term is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, highlighting both familial and figurative connections.
אָח 630 n.m. brother
brother, born of same mother (& father)
indef. = relative
fig. of resemblance
in phr. one … another
base
H251 אָח brother
251 'ach awkh
a primitive word; a brother (used in the widest sense of
literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance
(like 1)):--another, brother(-ly); kindred, like, other.
Compare also the proper names beginning with "Ah-" or "Ahi-".
see HEBREW for 01
אָח (ach) — brother: male-sibling.
: male-sibling
1) brother
1a) brother of same parents
1b) half-brother (same father)
1c) relative, kinship, same tribe
1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)
1e) (fig.) of resemblance
אָח (ach) — brother: male-relative.
: male-relative
1) brother
1a) brother of same parents
1b) half-brother (same father)
1c) relative, kinship, same tribe
1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)
1e) (fig.) of resemblance
אָח (ach) — brother: compatriot.
: compatriot
1) brother
1a) brother of same parents
1b) half-brother (same father)
1c) relative, kinship, same tribe
1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)
1e) (fig.) of resemblance
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp3ms
