Psalms 69:8 — Word Study
WLCמ֭וּזָר הָיִ֣יתִי לְאֶחָ֑י וְ֝נָכְרִ֗י לִבְנֵ֥י אִמִּֽי׃
BSAforkîy uponʻal to liftnâsâʼ reproachcherpâh to coverkâçâh shamekᵉlimmâh facepânîym
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| מ֭וּזָר | estranged | Verb, Hophal, participle (passive) masculine singular |
| הָיִ֣יתִי | I have become | Verb, Qal, perfect first person common singular |
| לְאֶחָ֑י | to brothers my | Preposition, noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| וְ֝נָכְרִ֗י | and a foreigner | Conjunction |
| לִבְנֵ֥י | to [the] children of | Preposition, noun common masculine plural construct |
| אִמִּֽי׃ | mother my | Noun common feminine singular construct, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | I have become a stranger to my brothers and a foreigner to my mother’s sons, |
| KJV | I am become a stranger unto my brethren, and an alien unto my mother’s children. |
| ASV | I am become a stranger unto my brethren, And an alien unto my mother’s children. |
| YLT | A stranger I have been to my brother, And a foreigner to sons of my mother. |
| WEB | I have become a stranger to my brothers, an alien to my mother’s children. |
| BBE | I have become strange to my brothers, and like a man from a far country to my mother's children. |
The translations agree on the core meaning of estrangement in this verse.
The sentence has a main clause followed by two phrases that elaborate on the psalmist's feelings of alienation.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbכִּי
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Psalms 69:8
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Lament of the Psalmistgenerated
Psalm 69:8 expresses the deep feelings of the psalmist, who feels alienated from his brothers and his mother’s sons. This verse captures the essence of his sorrow and the shame he endures due to his zeal for God. The surrounding verses highlight the scorn and reproach he faces, emphasizing his isolation in a time of distress.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Psalm 31:11 | Among all my enemies I am a disgrace, and among my neighbors even more. I am dreaded by my friends— they flee when they see me on the street. |
| 2 | Job 19:13–19 | He has removed my brothers from me; my acquaintances have abandoned me. |
| 3 | Matthew 26:48–50 | Now the betrayer had arranged a signal with them: “The One I kiss is the man; arrest Him.” |
| 4 | John 1:11 | He came to His own, and His own did not receive Him. |
| 5 | John 7:5 | For even His own brothers did not believe in Him. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 8 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — מ֭וּזָר, Mu.zorgenerated
The word מ֭וּזָר (Mu.zor) is a passive participle from the root זוּר (zuwr), meaning to be a stranger or to become estranged. It conveys the idea of being alienated or treated as an outsider.
This word encompasses a range of meanings, including not only estrangement but also the loathsomeness associated with being a foreigner. In this context, it highlights the psalmist's feeling of being distanced from his kin, reflecting a profound sense of loss and rejection.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
Translations of this verse are consistent in conveying the psalmist's feelings of estrangement.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb in this verse is הָיִ֣יתִי (ha.Yi.ti), meaning 'I have become'. This verb governs two phrases: the first describes the psalmist's relationship to his brothers, and the second describes his relationship to his mother’s sons.
The structure emphasizes the psalmist's feelings of alienation, with the two noun phrases detailing the specific relationships that have become strained.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates the Hebrew word מ֭וּזָר as ὅτι (hoti), which indicates a reason or explanation. This rendering suggests a focus on the cause of the psalmist's estrangement.
The choice of words in the Septuagint reflects a slightly different emphasis, focusing on the rationale behind the psalmist's feelings of alienation.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Psalm 69:8 reveals the psalmist's deep sense of isolation from his family. He feels like a stranger to his brothers and a foreigner to his mother's sons, expressing the pain of being scorned and rejected. This verse highlights the emotional turmoil he experiences due to his commitment to God.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
It signifies a deep sense of alienation and rejection, highlighting the emotional pain of being distanced from one's family.
This verse encapsulates the psalmist's feelings of scorn and isolation, which are central themes throughout the psalm as he laments his suffering.
Feeling like a foreigner emphasizes the psalmist's complete disconnection from those he should feel closest to, enhancing the depth of his lament.
It resonates with anyone who has felt rejected or distanced from family or community, reflecting the universal struggle with feelings of isolation.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways have I experienced feelings of estrangement in my own life?
- How can I support those who feel alienated or rejected by their families?
- What steps can I take to foster closer relationships with my own family members?
- How does the psalmist's experience relate to my understanding of community and belonging?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early interpretations of this verse, such as Augustine's, highlight the psalmist's alienation from family, emphasizing the emotional weight of his lament.
"An alien I have become to My brethren, and a stranger to the sons of My mother" [Psalms 69:8].Early Church Fathers on Psalms 69 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Psalms 69:8 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleI am become a stranger unto my brethren,.... Not only to the Jews in general, who were his own people and nation, to whom he came, and of whom he came; who received him not, hid as it were their
Read John Gill on Psalms 69 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryO God, thou knowest my foolishness; and my sins are not hid from thee.
Read Robert Jamieson on Psalms 69 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleMy nearest kinsmen estranged themselves from me; partly out of fear, test they should be involved in my sufferings; and chiefly out of dislike of his piety and excessive zeal in religion, as it here follows.
Read Matthew Poole on Psalms 69 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsPsalms 69:8 I am become a stranger unto my brethren, and an alien unto my mother’ s children.Ver. 8. I am become a stranger unto my brethren] No otherwise than as if I were a mamzer (so the Hebrews call a bastard), that is, a strange blot to the family. Christ came to his own, but they received him not; yea, his own brethren believed not on him, John 7:5 This, when the Turks read in our Gospel, they wonder; and the Jews, therefore, slander his miracles, for not so manifest as we conceive.
Read John Trapp on Psalms 69 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(8) Mother’s children.—See Note Son 1:6.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Psalms 69 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges8. Even his nearest relations treat him as a stranger and a foreigner. Cp. Psalms 38:11; Job 19:13 ff.; Jeremiah 12:6. my mother’s children] The sons of my own mother expresses a closer degree of relationship than my brethren, the children of the same mother being always regarded as bound to one another by a closer tie than those of the same father by different mothers. Cp. Psalms 50:20.
Read Cambridge on Psalms 69 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleI am become a stranger unto my brethren - That is, They treat me as they would a stranger; as one in whom they have no interest, and whom they regard with no friendship. Compare the notes at Psalms 31:11.
Read Albert Barnes on Psalms 69 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible8. A stranger unto my brethren—Historically, no doubt, the statement might measurably be applied to David, but prophetically and more emphatically to Christ. Mark 3:21; John 7:5
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Psalms 69 →The verse in English, compared — 16 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
I have become a stranger to my brothers and a foreigner to my mother’s sons,
I have become a stranger to my brothers, an alien to my mother’s children.
I have become a stranger to my brothers and a foreigner to my mother’s sons,
My own brothers treat me like a stranger; they act as if I were a foreigner.
Tyndale line
I am become a stranger unto my brethren, and an alien unto my mother’s children.
I am become a stranger unto my brethren, And an alien unto my mother’s children.
I am become a stranger unto my brethren, and an alien unto my mother’s children.
I am become a stranger to my brethren, and an alien to my mother's children.
I am become a stranger vnto my brethren, euen an aliant vnto my mothers sonnes.
Strictly literal
I am become a stranger unto my brethren, and an alien unto my mother's sons;
A stranger I have been to my brother, And a foreigner to sons of my mother.
I have been a stranger to my brother, || And a foreigner to sons of my mother.
(69:9) A stranger am I become unto my brothers, and an alien unto my mother's children.
I have become a stranger to my brothers, an alien to my mother's children.
Simplified
I have become a foreigner to my brother Israelites; a stranger to my very own brothers.
I have become strange to my brothers, and like a man from a far country to my mother's children.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree, with five of the six words matched. The Dead Sea Scrolls show some restoration, indicating that while the text is damaged, the core sentiment remains consistent with the Masoretic Text.
מ֭וּזָר הָיִ֣יתִי לְאֶחָ֑י וְ֝נָכְרִ֗י לִבְנֵ֥י אִמִּֽי׃
5 of the 6 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
כי עלי׳כה נשאתי [חרפה] כסתה כלמה פנ׳י
2 words on the leather — 4 partly restored, 1 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Psalms 69:8
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
זוּר (zuwr) is a Hebrew verb meaning to be a stranger or to become estranged. It can describe a person as strange or foreign, and it also has connotations of loathsomeness. The word can refer to committing adultery or being alienated, with its usage found in contexts involving estrangement or foreignness.
[זוּר] vb. be a stranger
Qal
Pf. become estranged
Pt. as adj. strange, or as noun stranger
Niph. Pf. be estranged
Hoph. Pt. estranged
H2114a זוּר be a stranger .. Pf. become estranged
. Pt. as adj. strange, or as noun stranger
. Pf. be estranged
. Pt. estranged
H2114b זוּר, זִיר be loathsome
2114 zuwr zoor
a primitive root; to turn aside (especially for lodging);
hence to be a foreigner, strange, profane; specifically
(active participle) to commit adultery:--(come from) another
(man, place), fanner, go away, (e-)strange(-r, thing, woman).
זוּר (zur) — be a stranger.
1) to be strange, be a stranger
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to become estranged
1a2) strange, another, stranger, foreigner, an enemy (participle)
1a3) strange woman, prostitute, harlot (meton)
1b) (Niphal) to be estranged
1c) (Hophal) to be a stranger, be one alienated
זוּר (zur) — be loathsome.
loathsome (of breath) (participle)
HVHsmsa — Verb · Hophal · participle (passive) masculine singularHVHsmsa
The Hebrew word הָיָה (hayah) is a primitive root meaning to exist or become, and it encompasses a range of meanings including to happen, occur, and come to pass. It is often used in narrative contexts, particularly in phrases like "and it came to pass." The word can also denote a state of being or existence, and it appears frequently in various forms throughout the Old Testament.
הָיָה 3570 vb. fall out, come to pass, become, be
Qal
Fall out, happen
occur, take place, come about, come to pass
esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass
וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)
rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה
less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)
Come into being, become
abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come
sq. prep.
become
sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)
sq. pred. adj.
become like
sq. pred. לְ pers.
sq. לְ pred.
oft. c. לְ pred. לְ pers.
with עַל and לְ
sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of
Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming)
exist, be in existence
abide, remain, continue
with word of locality, be in or at a place, be situated, stand, lie
as copula, joining subj. & pred.
H1961 הָיָה fall out, come to pass, become, be .. . . Fall out, happen
. occur, take place, come about, come to pass
. esp. & very oft., come about, come to pass . . וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.)
. rarely also Pf. c. וְ conj. וְהָיָה
. less oft. וְהָיָה Pf. consec. and it shall come to pass, or frequentat. came to pass (repeatedly, etc.)
. Come into being, become . . abs., in lively narrative, arise, appear, come
. sq. prep.
. become . sq. pred. noun (to be viewed as implicit accus.)
. sq. pred. adj.
. become like
. sq. pred. + לְ pers.
. sq. לְ pred.
. oft. c. לְ pred. + לְ pers.
. with עַל and לְ
. sts. c. לְ pers. only = became the property of, come into the possession of
. Be (often with subbordinate idea of becoming) . exist, be in existence
. abide, remain, continue
1961 hayah haw-yaw
a primitive root (compare 1933); to exist, i.e. be or become,
come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or
auxiliary):--beacon, X altogether, be(-come), accomplished,
committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint,
fall, + follow, happen, X have, last, pertain, quit
(one-)self, require, X use.
see HEBREW for 01933
הָיָה (ha.yah) — to be.
1) to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out
1a) (Qal)
1a1) ---
1a1a) to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass
1a1b) to come about, come to pass
1a2) to come into being, become
1a2a) to arise, appear, come
1a2b) to become
1a2b1) to become
1a2b2) to become like
1a2b3) to be instituted, be established
1a3) to be
1a3a) to exist, be in existence
1a3b) to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time)
1a3c) to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality)
1a3d) to accompany, be with
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about
1b2) to be done, be finished, be gone
HVqp1cs — Verb · Qal · perfect first person common singularHVqp1cs
be-kum':
(1) Greek ginomai, used in New Testament for a change of state, corresponding to Hebrew hayah of Old Testament. Compare Mt 18:3 with De 27:9.
(2) For what is fitting, suitable, proper, in New Testament: "prepei" (Mt 3:15; Eph 5:3; 1Ti 2:10); in Old Testament, na'awah, na'ah, Ps 93:5: "Holiness becometh thy house." in this sense, the adverb "becomingly" must be interpreted: "Walk becomingly toward them that are without" (1Th 4:12), i.e. in a way that is consistent with your profession.
אָח (ach) means 'brother' and encompasses a broad range of relationships, including literal siblings, half-brothers, and metaphorical kinship. It can refer to any male relative or compatriot, and it may also imply resemblance or reciprocal relationships. The term is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, highlighting both familial and figurative connections.
אָח 630 n.m. brother
brother, born of same mother (& father)
indef. = relative
fig. of resemblance
in phr. one … another
base
H251 אָח brother
251 'ach awkh
a primitive word; a brother (used in the widest sense of
literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance
(like 1)):--another, brother(-ly); kindred, like, other.
Compare also the proper names beginning with "Ah-" or "Ahi-".
see HEBREW for 01
אָח (ach) — brother: male-sibling.
: male-sibling
1) brother
1a) brother of same parents
1b) half-brother (same father)
1c) relative, kinship, same tribe
1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)
1e) (fig.) of resemblance
אָח (ach) — brother: male-relative.
: male-relative
1) brother
1a) brother of same parents
1b) half-brother (same father)
1c) relative, kinship, same tribe
1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)
1e) (fig.) of resemblance
אָח (ach) — brother: compatriot.
: compatriot
1) brother
1a) brother of same parents
1b) half-brother (same father)
1c) relative, kinship, same tribe
1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)
1e) (fig.) of resemblance
HR/Ncmpc/Sp1bs — Preposition · noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHR/Ncmpc/Sp1bs
נָכְרִי (nokriy) means foreign or alien, covering a range of meanings from a foreign person to something unfamiliar or strange. It can also refer specifically to a foreign woman or harlot. The word is built from a root that suggests strangeness in various contexts.
נָכְרִי adj. foreign, alien
base
H5237 נָכְרִי foreign, alien
5237 nokriy nok-ree'
from 5235 (second form); strange, in a variety of degrees and
applications (foreign, non-relative, adulterous, different,
wonderful):--alien, foreigner, outlandish, strange(-r,
woman).
see HEBREW for 05235
נׇכְרִי (nokh.ri) — foreign.
1) foreign, alien
1a) foreign
1b) foreigner (subst)
1c) foreign woman, harlot
1d) unknown, unfamiliar (fig.)
HC/Aamsa — ConjunctionHC/Aamsa
for'-in-er" The translation of nokhri, "unknown," "foreign," frequently rendered "stranger" (De 15:3; Ob 1:11); of toshabh, "a settler," "an alien resident" (Ex 12:45; the Revised Version (British and American) "sojourner"; compare Le 25:47; Ps 39:12); of paroikos, "dwelling near," "sojourner" (Eph 2:19, the Revised Version (British and American) sojourners").
Revised Version has "foreigner" for "stranger" (De 17:15; 23:20; 29:22; Ru 2:10;
Foreigner
A Gentile. Such as resided among the Hebrews were required by the law to be treated with kindness (Ex. 22:21; 23:9; Lev. 19:33, 34; 23:22; Deut. 14:28; 16:10, 11; 24:19). They enjoyed in many things equal rights with the native-born residents (Ex. 12:49; Lev. 24:22; Num. 15:15; 35:15), but were not allowed to do anything which was an abomination according to the Jewish law (Ex. 20:10; Lev. 17:15,16; 18:26; 20:2; 24:16, etc.).
→ FIGURATIVE Eph 2:19
See ALIENS
See GENTILES
See STRANGERS
בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.
בֵּן 4870 n.m. son
son, male child, born of a woman
children (male and female)
youth, young men
the young of animals
of plant shoots
fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
member of a guild, order or class
of animals son of (the) herd
ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
n. relat. of age
base
בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.
done
H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman
. children (male and female)
. youth, young men
. the young of animals
. of plant shoots
. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
. . member of a guild, order or class
. of animals son of (the) herd
. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
. n. relat. of age
H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son
1121 ben bane
from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the
widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,
including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,
etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)
(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,
(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,
bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X
came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of
first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +
kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)
people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +
spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous
one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
see HEBREW for 01129
see HEBREW for 01
see HEBREW for 0251
בֵּן (ben) — son: child.
: child/son
בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;
son of: Jaaziah (H3269);
brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)
§ Beno = "his son"
the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)
בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.
: descendant, people, tribe, nation
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : child/son
בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.
: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : descendant
בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.
: rebel/son(Belial)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : people/men/nation/tribe
בֵּן (ben) — son.
: [inheriting]son/heir
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.
: warrior/son(strong)
HR/Ncmpc — Preposition · noun common masculine plural constructHR/Ncmpc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
The Hebrew word אֵם (em) means 'mother' and can refer to a human mother, an animal's dam, or even a figurative sense, such as Deborah's nurturing role for her people. It also conveys the idea of a point of departure or division. This word is built from a primitive root and encompasses both literal and figurative meanings.
אֵם 221 n.f. mother
lit. (human) mother
fig. of Deborah as caring for her people
of animals, dam
= point of departure or division
base
H517 אֵם mother . lit. (human) mother
. fig. of Deborah as caring for her people
. of animals, dam
. = point of departure or division
517 'em ame
a primitive word; a mother (as the bond of the family); in a
wide sense (both literally and figuratively (like 1):--dam,
mother, X parting.
see HEBREW for 01
אֵם (em) — mother.
1) mother
1a) of humans
1b) of Deborah's relationship to the people (fig.)
1c) of animals
2) point of departure or division
HNcfsc/Sp1bs — Noun common feminine singular construct · suffixHNcfsc/Sp1bs