1 Chronicles 1:23 — Word Study
WLCוְאֶת־ אוֹפִ֥יר וְאֶת־ חֲוִילָ֖ה וְאֶת־ יוֹבָ֑ב כָּל־ אֵ֖לֶּה בְּנֵ֥י יָקְטָֽן׃ ס
BSAOphirʼÔwphîyr [a region in southern Arabia] HavilahChăvîylâh [a circular region] and JobabYôwbâb [meaning a desert] Allkôl [everything, every single one] theseʼêl-leh [specific sons] were sonsbên [descendants, male offspring] of JoktanYoqṭân [meaning smallness, an Arabian patriarch]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְאֶת־ | and the object marker | Conjunction, particle |
| אוֹפִ֥יר | Ophir | Noun proper masculine |
| וְאֶת־ | and the object marker | Conjunction, particle |
| חֲוִילָ֖ה | Havilah | Noun proper masculine |
| וְאֶת־ | and the object marker | Conjunction, particle |
| יוֹבָ֑ב | Jobab | Noun proper masculine |
| כָּל־ | all | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| אֵ֖לֶּה | these | Particle |
| בְּנֵ֥י | [were] [the] sons of | Noun common, masculine plural construct |
| יָקְטָֽן׃ ס | Joktan | Noun proper masculine |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab. All these were sons of Joktan. |
| KJV | And Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab. All these were the sons of Joktan. |
| ASV | and Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab. All these were the sons of Joktan. |
| YLT | and Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab; all these [are] sons of Joktan. |
| WEB | Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab. All these were the sons of Joktan. |
| BBE | And Ophir and Havilah and Jobab. All these were the sons of Joktan. |
Where they part company is in the interpretation of the context surrounding these names.
The structure is straightforward, with a main clause followed by a summary of the relationship to Joktan.
4 commentators on this verse
Jamieson, Ellicott, AdamClarke, Cambridge & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 1:23
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Lineage of Joktangenerated
1 Chronicles 1:23 provides a brief genealogy of Joktan, highlighting his sons Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab. This passage fits within a larger genealogical framework that traces the descendants of Shem, emphasizing the importance of lineage in biblical history. The names listed are significant as they connect to various regions and peoples in the ancient world, reflecting the broader narrative of the descendants of Noah.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Genesis 10:29 | Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab. All these were sons of Joktan. |
| 2 | 1 Kings 9:28 | They sailed to Ophir and imported gold from there—420 talents —and delivered it to Solomon. |
| 3 | 1 Kings 10:11 | (The fleet of Hiram that brought gold from Ophir also brought from Ophir a great cargo of almug wood and precious stones. |
| 4 | 1 Chronicles 29:4 | three thousand talents of gold (the gold of Ophir) and seven thousand talents of refined silver, to overlay the walls of the buildings, |
| 5 | Job 22:24 | and consign your gold to the dust and the gold of Ophir to the stones of the ravines, |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 10 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — יָקְטָן, ya.ke.Tangenerated
The name יָקְטָן (Yoqtan) signifies 'smallness' and refers to a patriarch of several Arabian tribes. He is noted as a descendant of Eber and is mentioned in Genesis 10:25, where his lineage is further explored. The parsing indicates that this is a proper masculine noun, emphasizing his role as a significant figure in the genealogy.
Joktan's descendants, including Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab, are tied to specific regions and characteristics, reflecting their importance in the biblical narrative. The name also suggests a connection to the broader themes of family and heritage in the Old Testament.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The translations agree on the names listed: Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab are consistently rendered in all versions.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb is implied in the structure of the verse, with the main clause stating the identity of Joktan's sons. The phrase 'All these were sons of Joktan' serves as a predicate that summarizes the preceding names. Hebrew syntax often places the subject at the end, allowing for emphasis on the lineage.
The structure is straightforward, with a series of noun phrases listing the sons followed by a concluding statement about their relationship to Joktan, reflecting the genealogical nature of the text.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint does not provide a direct translation for this verse, but the word-by-word correspondence indicates that it aligns closely with the Masoretic Text in terms of the names and their order. This suggests a consistent understanding of Joktan's lineage across different traditions.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Chronicles 1:23 lists Joktan's sons: Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab. These names are part of the genealogy that traces the descendants of Shem, highlighting the importance of lineage in biblical history.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The sons of Joktan mentioned in this verse are Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab.
The name Joktan means 'smallness' and signifies an Arabian patriarch.
Ophir is known for its association with a region famous for gold, while Havilah is linked to a circular region in Arabia.
Genealogy is important in the Bible as it establishes heritage, lineage, and the fulfillment of God's promises through specific families.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What can I learn from the genealogies in the Bible about my own heritage?
- How do the names of Joktan's sons reflect the cultures and regions of the ancient world?
- In what ways does understanding genealogy enhance my reading of biblical narratives?
- What significance do names hold in my own family or community?
Commentators on this verse — 4 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 1:23 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab. All these were the sons of Joktan. No JFB commentary on this verse.
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Chronicles 1 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English ReadersTHE SONS OF SHEM, OR THE SEMITES (1 Chronicles 1:17-23). (17) Blam.—The Elamtum of the Assyrian inscription, the classic Susiana, a mountainous land eastward of Babylonia, to which it was subject in the days of Abraham (Genesis 14). The names Assurϋ, Elamϋ, Kassϋ, and Accadϋ occur together in an old Assyrian list of nations. Κlama, from which the Assyrian and Hebrew names are derived, is Accadian. The native designation was Ansan. The Sargonide kings of Assyria had frequent wars with Elam. Asshur.—Assyria proper, i.e., a district on the Tigris, about twenty-five miles long, between the thirty-sixth and thirty-seventh parallels of latitude. Asshur was the name of its older capital and…
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 1 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 23. And Ophir] "Whence gold is brought." And Havilah; "whence pearls are brought." - T.
Read AdamClarke on 1 Chronicles 1 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges5–23. The “Genealogy” of the Nations The table which follows is taken from Genesis 10:2-29. In the A.V. several variations between Gen. and Chron. occur in the spelling of proper names. In the R.V. the spelling has been made uniform. The table is geographical rather than ethnological, i.e. neighbouring nations are regarded as having the same descent. The world, as known to the writer, is divided into three zones, of which the Northern is assigned to the Sons of Japheth (5–7), the Southern to the Sons of Ham (8–16), and the Central to the Sons of Shem (17–23). Had the arrangement been according to descent the Semitic Zidonians and the (probably Mongoloid) Hittites would not have been equally…
Read Cambridge on 1 Chronicles 1 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab. All these were sons of Joktan.
Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab. All these were the sons of Joktan.
Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab. All these were sons of Joktan.
Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab. All these were the sons of Joktan.
Tyndale line
And Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab. All these were the sons of Joktan.
and Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab. All these were the sons of Joktan.
and Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab; All these were the sons of Joktan.
And Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab. All these were the sons of Joktan.
And Ophir, and Hauilah and Iobab: all these were the sonnes of Ioktan.
Strictly literal
and Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab: all these were sons of Joktan.
and Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab; all these [are] sons of Joktan.
and Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab; all these [are] sons of Joktan.
And Ophir, and Chavilah, and Jobab. All these were the sons of Joktan.
Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab; all these were descendants of Joktan.
From the Latin
And Ophir, and Hevila, and Jobab. All these are the sons of Jectan.
Simplified
Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab. These were all Joktan's sons.
And Ophir and Havilah and Jobab. All these were the sons of Joktan.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text presents the verse as it is found in the Hebrew Bible, while the Septuagint matches 7 of the 10 words from the Hebrew text. This alignment indicates a strong agreement between the two texts, with the Septuagint reflecting a similar understanding of Joktan's descendants.
וְאֶת־ אוֹפִ֥יר וְאֶת־ חֲוִילָ֖ה וְאֶת־ יוֹבָ֑ב כָּל־ אֵ֖לֶּה בְּנֵ֥י יָקְטָֽן׃ ס
7 of the 10 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 1:23
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HC/To — Conjunction · particleHC/To
אוֹפִיר (Ophir) refers to both a person and a place. It is the name of Joktan's eleventh son and a region known for its gold, mentioned in the context of Solomon's trade routes. The term may also poetically describe fine gold. The exact derivation is uncertain, and some sources suggest it means 'reducing to ashes'.
אוֹפִיר n.pr. Ophir
n.pr.m. 11th son of Joktan
n.pr.loc. (land or city S. or SE. fr. Palestine) place whither Sol.’s ships went fr. Ezion Geber, bringing thence gold
characteristic of fine gold (poet. & late)
hence for fine gold itself
base
H211 אוֹפִיר Ophir
211 'Owphiyr o-feer'
or (shortened) pOphiyr {o-feer'}; and fOwphir {o- feer'}; of
uncertain derivation; Ophir, the name of a son of Joktan, and
of a gold region in the East:--Ophir.
אוֹפִיר (o.phir) — Ophir.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.10.29;
son of: Joktan (H3355);
brother of: Almodad (H0486), Sheleph (H8026), Hazarmaveth (H2700), Jerah (H3392), Hadoram (H1913A), Uzal (H0187), Diklah (H1853), Obal (H5745), Abimael (H0039), Sheba (H7614H), Havilah (H2341I) and Jobab (H3103)
§ Ophir = "reducing to ashes"
1) eleventh son of Joktan
2) a land or city in southern Arabia in Solomon's trade route where gold evidently was traded for goods
3) characteristic of fine gold
4) fine gold
אוֹפִיר (o.phir) — Ophir.
§ Ophir = "reducing to ashes"
a land or city in southern Arabia in Solomon's trade route where gold evidently was traded for goods
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
o'-fer, o'-fir ('owphiyr (Ge 10:29), 'owphir (1Ki 10:11), 'ophir):
1. Scriptural References:
The 11th in order of the sons of Joktan (Ge 10:29 equals 1Ch 1:23). There is a clear reference also to a tribe Ophir (Ge 10:30). Ophir is the name of a land or city somewhere to the South or Southeast of Palestine for which Solomon's ships along with Phoenician vessels set out from Ezion-geber at the head of the Gulf of Aqabah, returning with great stores of gold, precious stones and "almug"-wood (1Ki 9:28; 10:11; 2Ch…
Ophir
(1.) One of the sons of Joktan (Gen. 10:29).
(2.) Some region famous for its gold (1 Kings 9:28; 10:11; 22:48; Job 22:24; 28:16; Isa. 13:12). In the LXX. this word is rendered “Sophir,” and “Sofir” is the Coptic name for India, which is the rendering of the Arabic version, as also of the Vulgate. Josephus has identified it with the Golden Chersonese, i.e., the Malay peninsula. It is now generally identified with Abhira, at the mouth of the Indus. Much may be said, however, in favour of the opinion that it was somewhere in Arabia.
(abundane). The eleventh in order of the sons of Joktan. (Genesis 10:29; 1 Chronicles 1:23) (B.C. after 2450.) A seaport or region from which the Hebrews in the time of Solomon obtained gold. The gold was proverbial for its fineness, so that "gold of Ophir" is several times used as an expression for fine gold, (1 Chronicles 29:4; Job 28:16; Psalms 45:9; Isaiah 13:12) and in one passage (Job 22:24) the word "Ophir" by itself is used for gold of Ophir, and for gold generally. In addition to gold, the vessels brought from Ophir almug wood and precious stones. The…
1. One of the sons of Joktan, who settled in southern Arabia, Ge 10:26-29.
2. A country to which the ships of Solomon traded, and which had for a long time been celebrated for the purity and abundance of its gold, Job 22:24 28:16. "Gold of Ophir" was proverbially the best gold, Ps 45:9 Isa 13:12. The only passages which give us any information as to the location of Ophir are 1Ki 9:26-28 10:11,22 22:48, with the parallel passages in 2Ch 8:18 9:10,21 20:36,37; from which it appears that the so called "ships of Tarshish" went to Ophir; that these ships sailed from…
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HC/To — Conjunction · particleHC/To
חֲוִילָה (Chaviylah) likely means "circle" and refers to a region mentioned in the context of Eden, where the river Pison flowed. It also denotes a district in Arabia associated with the descendants of Cush and two individuals named Havilah, one a son of Cush and the other a son of Joktan, both mentioned in Genesis.
חֲוִילָה n.pr.terr. (√ dub.)
base
H2341 חֲוִילָה
2341 Chaviylah khav-ee-law'
probably from 2342; circular; Chavilah, the name of two or
three eastern regions; also perhaps of two men:--Havilah.
see HEBREW for 02342
חֲוִילָה (cha.vi.lah) — Havilah.
§ Havilah = "circle"
a part of Eden through which flowed the river Pison (Araxes); was probably the Grecian Colchis, in the northeast corner of Asia Minor, near the Caspian Sea
חֲוִילָה (cha.vi.lah) — Havilah.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.10.7;
son of: Cush (H3568);
brother of: Seba (H5434), Sabtah (H5454), Raamah (H7484), Sabteca (H5455) and Nimrod (H5248)
§ Havilah = "circle"
1) a part of Eden through which flowed the river Pison (Araxes); was probably the Grecian Colchis, in the northeast corner of Asia Minor, near the Caspian Sea
2) a district in Arabia of the Ishmaelites named from the 2nd son of Cush; probably the district of Kualan, in the northwestern part of Yemen
3) a son of Cush
4) a son of Joktan
חֲוִילָה (cha.vi.lah) — Havilah.
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
(3) Mentioned with Shur as one of the limits of the territory of the Ishmaelites (Ge 25:18); compare the same limits of the land of the Amalekites (1Sa 15:7), where, however, the text is doubtful. It is described (Ge 2:11,12) as bounded by the river Pishon and as being rich in gold, bdellium and "shoham-stone" (English Version of the Bible, "onyx"). The shoham-stone was perhaps the Assyrian…
Havilah
The sand region. (1.) A land mentioned in Gen. 2:11 rich in gold and bdellium and onyx stone. The question as to the locality of this region has given rise to a great diversity of opinion. It may perhaps be identified with the sandy tract which skirts Babylonia along the whole of its western border, stretching from the lower Euphrates to the mountains of Edom.
(2.) A district in Arabia-Felix. It is uncertain whether the tribe gave its name to this region or derived its name from it, and whether it was originally a Cushite (Gen. 10:7) or a Joktanite tribe (10:29; comp. 25:18), or whether there were both a Cushite and a Joktanite Havilah. It is the opinion of Kalisch, however, that Havilah “in both instances designates the same country, extending at least from the Persian to…
(Genesis 2:11) A part of Eden through which flowed the river Pison (Araxes). It was probably the Grecian Colchis, in the northeast corner of Asia Minor, near the Caspian Sea. A district in Arabia Felix, (Genesis 10:7) named from the second son of Cush; probably the district of Kualan, in the northwestern part of Yemen.
The Scripture mention a Havilah descended from Ham, Ge 10:7, and another from Shem, Ge 11:29. We must assume a double Havilah, corresponding to each of these.
1. The location of one Havilah is connected with that of the Garden of Eden. According to one theory, it is to be sought on the southeastern extremity of the Black Sea; according to another, at the head of the Persian Gulf. See EDEN.
2. The other Havilah seems to have in Arabia. From the statement in 1Sa 15:7, that "Saul smote the Amalekites from Havilah unto Shurm that is over against Egypt," it would seen to have been somewhere in the north-western part of Arabia; since, from the circumstances of this campaign, we cannot well suppose that it extended over a great tract…
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HC/To — Conjunction · particleHC/To
The Hebrew word יוֹבָב (Yowbab) refers to several figures, including a son of Joktan, a king of Edom, and a king of Madon who opposed Joshua. It also denotes individuals from the tribe of Benjamin. The name is associated with the meaning 'a desert.' The entries indicate multiple references to different Jobabs across the Old Testament.
יוֹבָב n.pr.m.
‘son’ of Yoḳtân
a king in Edom
king of Madon
Benjamites
base
H3103 יוֹבָב . ‘son’ of Yoḳtân
. a king in Edom
. king of Madon
. Benjamites
3103 Yowbab yo-bawb'
from 2980; howler; Jobab, the name of two Israelites and of
three foreigners:--Jobab.
see HEBREW for 02980
יוֹבָב (yo.vav) — Jobab.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.10.29;
son of: Joktan (H3355);
brother of: Almodad (H0486), Sheleph (H8026), Hazarmaveth (H2700), Jerah (H3392), Hadoram (H1913A), Uzal (H0187), Diklah (H1853), Obal (H5745), Abimael (H0039), Sheba (H7614H), Ophir (H0211) and Havilah (H2341I)
§ Jobab = "a desert"
1) the last in order of the sons of Joktan, a descendant of Shem
2) one of the kings of Edom
3) the king of Madon, located in northern Canaan, and one of the kings who opposed Joshua during the conquest and who were routed at Meron
4) head of a Benjamite house
5) another Benjamite
יוֹבָב (yo.vav) — Jobab.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.36.33;
son of: Zerah (H2226H)
§ Jobab = "a desert"
1) the last in order of the sons of Joktan, a descendant of Shem
2) one of the kings of Edom
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Jobab
Dweller in the desert. (1.) One of the sons of Joktan, and founder of an Arabian tribe (Gen. 10:29). (2.) King of Edom, succeeded Bela (Gen. 36:33, 34). (3.) A Canaanitish king (Josh. 11:1) who joined the confederacy against Joshua.
(a desert). The last in order of the sons of Joktan. (Genesis 10:29; 1 Chronicles 1:23) One of the "kings" of Edom. (Genesis 3:34; 1 Chronicles 1:44; 45) King of Madon; one of the northern chieftains who attempted to oppose Joshua’s conquest and were routed by him at Meron. (Joshua 11:1) only. Head of a Benjamite house. (1 Chronicles 8:9)
sorrowful, hated
כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.
כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all
with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
Absolutely:
without the art., all things, all
with the art. הַכֹּל
where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
base
H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all
. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
3605 kol kole
or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;
hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a
plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any
(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as
many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,
whoso(-ever).
see HEBREW for 03634
כֹּל (kol) — all.
1) all, the whole
1a) all, the whole of
1b) any, each, every, anything
1c) totality, everything
Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
ol: Used in various combinations, and with different meanings.
(1) All along, "Weeping all along as he went" (Jer 41:6), i.e. throughout the whole way he went, feigning equal concern with the men from Shiloh, etc., for the destruction of the Temple, so as to put them off their guard.
(2) All in all, "That God may be all in all" (1Co 15:28, Greek: panta en pasin, "all things in all (persons and) things"). "The universe, with all it comprises, will wholly answer to God's will and reflect His mind" (Dummelow).
אֵ֫לֶּה (el-leh) means 'these' and is used in various grammatical contexts, often in apposition to a noun with a pronoun suffix. It can appear with or without the definite article and is sometimes paired with other terms like וְאֵלֶּה (and these). The word conveys a sense of proximity or specification, referring to particular items or people.
אֵ֫לֶּה pr.pl.m. & f. these
in appos. to a subst. with a pron. suff. (always without the article)
repeated, אלה … ואלה, these … those
with the art. (but only after a subst. determined likewise by the art.)
with preps.
base
H428 אֵ֫לֶּה these . in appos. to a subst. with a pron. suff. (always without the article)
. repeated, אלה … ואלה, these … those
. with the art. (but only after a subst. determined likewise by the art.)
. with preps.
428 'el-leh ale'-leh
prolonged from 411; these or those:--an- (the) other; one
sort, so, some, such, them, these (same), they, this, those,
thus, which, who(-m).
see HEBREW for 0411
אֵ֫לֶּה (el.leh) — these.
1) these
1a) used before antecedent
1b) used following antecedent
Aramaic equivalent: el.leh (אֵלֶּה "these" H0429)
Pron — ParticleHTm
בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.
בֵּן 4870 n.m. son
son, male child, born of a woman
children (male and female)
youth, young men
the young of animals
of plant shoots
fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
member of a guild, order or class
of animals son of (the) herd
ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
n. relat. of age
base
בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.
done
H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman
. children (male and female)
. youth, young men
. the young of animals
. of plant shoots
. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
. . member of a guild, order or class
. of animals son of (the) herd
. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
. n. relat. of age
H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son
1121 ben bane
from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the
widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,
including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,
etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)
(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,
(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,
bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X
came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of
first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +
kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)
people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +
spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous
one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
see HEBREW for 01129
see HEBREW for 01
see HEBREW for 0251
בֵּן (ben) — son: child.
: child/son
בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;
son of: Jaaziah (H3269);
brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)
§ Beno = "his son"
the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)
בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.
: descendant, people, tribe, nation
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : child/son
בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.
: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : descendant
בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.
: rebel/son(Belial)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : people/men/nation/tribe
בֵּן (ben) — son.
: [inheriting]son/heir
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.
: warrior/son(strong)
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural constructHNcmpc
See SON, SONS.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
יָקְטָן (Yoqtan) refers to Joktan, a biblical figure described as the son of Eber and a descendant of Shem. He is noted as the patriarch of several Arabian tribes and is first mentioned in Genesis 10:25. The name is associated with the meaning 'smallness.'
יָקְטָן n.pr.m. son of Eber, descendant of Shem
base
H3355 יָקְטָן son of Eber, descendant of Shem
3355 Yoqtan yok-tawn'
from 6994; he will be made little; Joktan, an Arabian
patriarch:--Joktan.
see HEBREW for 06994
יׇקְטָן (yoq.tan) — Joktan.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.10.25;
son of: Eber (H5677);
brother of: Peleg (H6389);
father of: Almodad (H0486), Sheleph (H8026), Hazarmaveth (H2700), Jerah (H3392), Hadoram (H1913A), Uzal (H0187), Diklah (H1853), Obal (H5745), Abimael (H0039), Sheba (H7614H), Ophir (H0211), Havilah (H2341I) and Jobab (H3103)
§ Joktan = "smallness"
son of Eber and descendant of Shem and patriarch of various Arabian tribes
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Joktan
Little, the second of the two sons of Eber (Gen. 10:25; 1 Chr. 1:19). There is an Arab tradition that Joktan (Arab. Kahtan) was the progenitor of all the purest tribes of Central and Southern Arabia.
(small), son of Eber, (Genesis 10:25; 1 Chronicles 1:19) and the father of the Joktanite Arabs. (Genesis 10:30) (B.C. about 2200.)
Son of Eber, and by him connected with the Hebrews and other Shemite families, Ge 10:25-30; 1Ch 1:19-23. He is believed to be the Kahtan, or Yektan, to whom Arabian writers trace their purest and most ancient genealogies.