1 Chronicles 2:24 — Word Study
WLCוְאַחַ֥ר מוֹת־ חֶצְר֖וֹן בְּכָלֵ֣ב אֶפְרָ֑תָה וְאֵ֤שֶׁת חֶצְרוֹן֙ אֲבִיָּ֔ה וַתֵּ֣לֶד ל֔וֹ אֶת־ אַשְׁח֖וּר אֲבִ֥י תְקֽוֹעַ׃
BSAAfterʼachar [following the death of] HezronChetsrôwn diedmâveth in Caleb-ephrathahKâlêb ʼEphrâthâh [a region in southern Judah] hisChetsrôwn wifeʼishshâh AbijahʼĂbîyâh [a woman of God, mother of Ashhur] boreyâlad▸ AshhurʼAshchûwr [father of a town, a leader] the fatherʼâb [ancestor, patriarch] of TekoaTᵉqôwaʻ [a town in Judah, a place of refreshment]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְאַחַ֥ר | and after | Conjunction |
| מוֹת־ | [the] death of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| חֶצְר֖וֹן | Hezron | Noun proper masculine |
| בְּכָלֵ֣ב | in Caleb | Preposition, noun proper |
| אֶפְרָ֑תָה | Ephrathah | Noun proper |
| וְאֵ֤שֶׁת | and [the] wife of | Conjunction, noun common feminine singular construct |
| חֶצְרוֹן֙ | Hezron | Noun proper masculine |
| אֲבִיָּ֔ה | Abijah | Noun proper masculine |
| וַתֵּ֣לֶד | and she bore | Verb, Qal, sequential imperfect third person feminine singular |
| ל֔וֹ | to him | Preposition, suffix |
| אֶת־ | the object marker | Particle |
| אַשְׁח֖וּר | Ashhur | Noun proper masculine |
| אֲבִ֥י | [the] father of | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| תְקֽוֹעַ׃ | Tekoa | Noun proper |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | After Hezron died in Caleb-ephrathah, his wife Abijah bore to him Ashhur the father of Tekoa. |
| KJV | And after that Hezron was dead in Caleb-ephratah, then Abiah Hezron’s wife bare him Ashur the father of Tekoa. |
| ASV | And after that Hezron was dead in Caleb-ephrathah, then Abijah Hezron’s wife bare him Ashhur the father of Tekoa. |
| YLT | And after the death of Hezron in Caleb-Ephratah, then the wife of Hezron, Abijah, even beareth to him Asshur, father of Tekoa. |
| WEB | After Hezron died in Caleb Ephrathah, Abijah, Hezron’s wife, bore him Ashhur the father of Tekoa. |
| BBE | And after the death of Hezron, Caleb had connection with Ephrath, his father Hezron's wife, and she gave birth to his son Asshur, the father of Tekoa. |
Where they part company is אֲבִיָּ֔ה — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence is structured with a main clause followed by a series of phrases that clarify relationships and actions.
6 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbיָלַד
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 2:24
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Lineage of Judahgenerated
1 Chronicles 2:24 records the death of Hezron and the birth of his son Ashhur by his wife Abijah. This verse is part of a genealogical account that highlights the descendants of Judah, illustrating the continuity of lineage in Israel's history. The mention of Tekoa as a town further connects the family line to a specific geographical location, emphasizing its historical significance.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Chronicles 2:9–18 | The sons who were born to Hezron: Jerahmeel, Ram, and Caleb. |
| 2 | 1 Samuel 30:14 | We raided the Negev of the Cherethites, the territory of Judah, and the Negev of Caleb, and we burned down Ziklag.” |
| 3 | 1 Chronicles 4:5 | Ashhur the father of Tekoa had two wives, Helah and Naarah. |
| 4 | 2 Samuel 14:2 | So Joab sent to Tekoa to bring a wise woman from there. He told her, “Please pretend to be a mourner; put on clothes for mourning and do not anoint yourself with oil. Act like a woman who has mourned for the dead a long time. |
| 5 | Amos 1:1 | These are the words of Amos, who was among the sheepherders of Tekoa—what he saw concerning Israel two years before the earthquake, in the days when Uzziah was king of Judah and Jeroboam son of Jehoash was king of Israel. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 5 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — אַשְׁח֖וּר, 'ash.Churgenerated
The name אַשְׁח֖וּר (*Ashhur*) is a proper noun referring to a descendant of Hezron. It signifies a person of importance within the tribe of Judah, as he is identified as the father of Tekoa, a notable town.
The parsing indicates that Ashhur is a masculine singular noun, underscoring his role as a leader and patriarch in the lineage. The connection to Tekoa suggests a geographical and cultural significance.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb of the sentence is וַתֵּ֣לֶד, and she bore, which governs the entire clause. The structure includes a prepositional phrase indicating the location of Hezron's death, followed by a noun phrase for his wife and the object of her bearing.
The arrangement emphasizes the sequential nature of the events: Hezron's death leads to the birth of Ashhur, establishing a clear lineage.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates אַחַר as μετὰ, indicating 'after'. This choice aligns with the Hebrew meaning but may imply a broader temporal context.
The Greek rendering of אֲבִיָּ֔ה is not provided, but the consistency of names suggests a direct correlation with the Hebrew text.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Chronicles 2:24 tells us that after Hezron died, his wife Abijah gave birth to Ashhur, who became the father of Tekoa. This verse is part of a genealogy that traces the lineage of Judah, highlighting important family connections.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Ashhur was a descendant of Hezron, significant as the father of Tekoa, a town in Judah.
The name Abijah means 'Jehovah is my father', indicating a strong devotion to God.
Genealogy establishes lineage and heritage, showing the fulfillment of God's promises through specific families.
Tekoa is noted as a town in Judah, known for being the birthplace of the prophet Amos and its historical importance in the region.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- How can understanding the lineage in the Bible help me appreciate God's plan throughout history?
- What does the name Abijah teach us about the importance of names and their meanings?
- In what ways can I see the significance of family and heritage in my own life?
- How does the story of Ashhur and Tekoa connect to the larger narrative of the Bible?
Commentators on this verse — 6 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 2:24 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd after that Hezron was dead in Calebephratah,.... Supposed to be the same with Bethlehem; and was so called, both from Caleb the son of Hezron, and Ephrath his wife, 1 Chronicles 2:19, then Abiah,
Read John Gill on 1 Chronicles 2 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd after that Hezron was dead in Caleb-ephratah, then Abiah Hezron's wife bare him Ashur the father of Tekoa.
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Chronicles 2 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleCaleb-ephratah; a place then so called by a conjunction of the names of the man and his wife; afterwards supposed to be called Beth-lehem Ephratah. Others translate the words thus, When Caleb took Ephratah. So it is an ellipsis of the verb, which is here to be understood out of , where it is expressed. Abiah bare him Ashur, after the father’ s death. The father of Tekoa; a known place, ,4 Jeremiah 6:1 ; whose father he is called, because he was either the progenitor of the people inhabiting there, or their prince and ruler, or the builder of the city.
Read Matthew Poole on 1 Chronicles 2 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments1 Chronicles 2:24 And after that Hezron was dead in Calebephratah, then Abiah Hezron’ s wife bare him Ashur the father of Tekoa.Ver. 24. The father of Tekoa,] i.e., The prince of Tekoa. Augustus would not be called lord, but father of his country, taking great delight in that title given him by the people, and calling the commonwealth his daughter, as Macrobius writeth. Lib. ii. cap. 5.
Read John Trapp on 1 Chronicles 2 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(24) And after that Hezron was dead . . .—Or, “And after the death of Hezron in Caleb-ephratah—and the wife of Hezron was Abiah—and she bare him Ashur . . .” The text is evidently corrupt. The best suggestion is based on the reading of the LXX.: καὶμετὰτὸἀποθανεῖνΕσερωνἦλθενΧαλεβεἰςΕφραθα; “And after Hezron’s death Caleb went to Ephrath.” Some very slight changes in the Hebrew, affecting only three letters of the entire sentence, will give the sense, “And after Hezron’s death Caleb went in to Ephrath, the wife of his father Hezron (1 Chronicles 2:19); and she bare him Ash-hur, father (founder, or chief) of Tekoa.” (Comp. Genesis 35:22.) Ashur (Heb., Ash-hur) means “man of Hur”—that is, the…
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 2 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges24. And after that Hezron was dead in Caleb-ephratah (R.V. ephrathah)] The text of this passage is probably corrupt, for (1) “Caleb-ephrathah” is a very strange combination to signify the name of a place, (2) Vulg. LXX. have a verb (ingressus est, ἦ ?ëèåí) instead of the preposition, “in”. A few small changes in the Heb. would yield the sense, “And after Hezron was dead Caleb went in to Ephrath (1 Chronicles 2:19) his father Hezron’s wife and she bare him” etc. Ashur] R.V. Ashhur. Hur (1 Chronicles 2:19) the father of Bethlehem is described as the “firstborn of Ephrathah,” so that Ashhur would be a younger brother (1 Chronicles 4:4). the father of Tekoa] i.e. the founder of the town or the…
Read Cambridge on 1 Chronicles 2 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
After Hezron died in Caleb-ephrathah, his wife Abijah bore to him Ashhur the father of Tekoa.
After Hezron died in Caleb Ephrathah, Abijah, Hezron’s wife, bore him Ashhur the father of Tekoa.
After Hezron died in Caleb-ephrathah, his wife Abijah bore to him Ashhur the father of Tekoa.
After Hezron’s death, Caleb had sexual relations with Ephrath, his father Hezron’s widow, and she bore to him Ashhur the father of Tekoa.
Tyndale line
And after that Hezron was dead in Caleb-ephratah, then Abiah Hezron’s wife bare him Ashur the father of Tekoa.
And after that Hezron was dead in Caleb-ephrathah, then Abijah Hezron’s wife bare him Ashhur the father of Tekoa.
And after that Hezron was dead in Caleb-ephrathah, then Abijah Hezron’s wife bare him Ashhur the father of Tekoa.
And after that Hezron was dead in Caleb-ephratah, then Abiah Hezron's wife bore him Ashur the father of Tekoa.
And after that Hezron was dead at Caleb Ephratah, then Abiah Hezrons wife bare him also Ashur the father of Tekoa.
Strictly literal
And after the death of Hezron in Caleb-Ephratah, Abijah, Hezron's wife, bore him Ashhur, the father of Tekoa.
And after the death of Hezron in Caleb-Ephratah, then the wife of Hezron, Abijah, even beareth to him Asshur, father of Tekoa.
And after the death of Hezron in Caleb-Ephratah, then the wife of Hezron, Abijah, even bears to him Asshur, father of Tekoa.
And after Chezron was dead in Calebephratah, then bore Chezron's wife Abiyah unto him Ashchur the father of Thekoa'.
After the death of Hezron, Caleb slept with Ephrathah, the wife of his father Hezron. She bore him Ashhur, the father of Tekoa.
From the Latin
And when Hesron was dead, Caleb went in to Ephrata. Hesron also had to wife Abia who bore him Ashur the father of Thecua.
Simplified
After Hezron died in Caleb Ephrathah, his wife Abijah bore him Ashhur the father of Tekoa.
And after the death of Hezron, Caleb had connection with Ephrath, his father Hezron's wife, and she gave birth to his son Asshur, the father of Tekoa.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text is the primary witness for this verse, showing a consistent reading. The Septuagint matches only three of the fourteen words, indicating a significant divergence in translation and interpretation.
וְאַחַ֥ר מוֹת־ חֶצְר֖וֹן בְּכָלֵ֣ב אֶפְרָ֑תָה וְאֵ֤שֶׁת חֶצְרוֹן֙ אֲבִיָּ֔ה וַתֵּ֣לֶד ל֔וֹ אֶת־ אַשְׁח֖וּר אֲבִ֥י תְקֽוֹעַ׃
3 of the 14 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 2:24
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word אַחַר (*achar*) primarily denotes the concept of 'after' or 'behind' in both spatial and temporal contexts. It functions as a substantive, adverb, preposition, and conjunction, indicating a following part or time. The related form אַחֲרַי (*acharai*) refers to a person who turns backwards. There is a reference to Proverbs 28:23 in relation to the latter.
אַחַר prop. subst. the hinder or following part
adv.
of place, behind
of time, afterwards
prep.
of place, behind, after
of time, after
conj. after that.
H310a אַחַר prop. subst. the hinder or following part . adv. . of place, behind
. of time, afterwards
. prep. . of place, behind, after
. of time, after
. conj. after that.
H310b אַחֲרַי a man that turneth backwards.
310 'achar akh-ar'
from 309; properly, the hind part; generally used as an
adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses):--after
(that, -ward), again, at, away from, back (from, -side),
behind, beside, by, follow (after, -ing), forasmuch, from,
hereafter, hinder end, + out (over) live, + persecute,
posterity, pursuing, remnant, seeing, since, thence(-forth),
when, with.
see HEBREW for 0309
אַחַר (a.char) — after.
1) after the following part, behind (of place), hinder, afterwards (of time)
1a) as an adverb
1a1) behind (of place)
1a2) afterwards (of time)
1b) as a preposition
1b1) behind, after (of place)
1b2) after (of time)
1b3) besides
1c) as a conjunction
1c) after that
1d) as a substantive
1d1) hinder part
1e) with other prepositions
1e1) from behind
1e2) from following after
אַחֲרַי (a.cha.ray) — backwards.
backwards (of a man that turns backwards)
Conj | Prep — ConjunctionHC/Acmsc
מָ֫וֶת (maveth) means 'death' and encompasses various aspects such as natural or violent death, the state of being dead, and the realm of the dead (hades). It can also refer to pestilence or ruin. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to die' and has an Aramaic equivalent, מוֹת (mot).
מָ֫וֶת 161 n.m. death
death, opp. life
death by violence
state of death or place of death
base
H4194 מָ֫וֶת death
4194 maveth maw'-veth
from 4191; death (natural or violent); concretely, the dead,
their place or state (hades); figuratively, pestilence,
ruin:--(be) dead((-ly)), death, die(-d).
see HEBREW for 04191
מָ֫וֶת (ma.vet) — death.
1) death, dying, Death (personified), realm of the dead
1a) death
1b) death by violence (as a penalty)
1c) state of death, place of death
Aramaic equivalent: mot (מוֹת "death" H4193)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
חֶצְרוֹן (Chetsrown) refers to both a geographical location in the extreme south of Judah and two individuals: Hezron, a son of Reuben and a son of Perez, grandson of Judah. The name is interpreted as meaning 'surrounded by a wall.' There is some overlap in the references to Hezron as a location and a person, indicating its significance in both contexts.
חֶצְרוֹן, חֶצְרֹן n.pr.loc. et pers.
n. pr. loc.
place in extreme south of Judah
another town of Judah in south
n. pr. m.
son of Reuben
son of Pereṣ and grandson of Judah
base
H2696 חֶצְרוֹן, חֶצְרֹן . n. pr. loc. . place in extreme south of Judah
. another town of Judah in south
. n. pr. m. . son of Reuben
. son of Pereṣ and grandson of Judah
2696 Chetsrown khets-rone'
from 2691; court-yard; Chetsron, the name of a place in
Palestine; also of two Israelites:--Hezron.
see HEBREW for 02691
חֶצְרוֹן (chets.ron) — Hezron.
A man of the tribe of Reuben living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Gen.46.9;
son of: Reuben (H7205);
brother of: Hanoch (H2585J), Pallu (H6396) and Carmi (H3756)
§ Hezron = "surrounded by a wall"
1) a son of Reuben
2) a son of Pharez and grandson of Judah
3) a place in the extreme south of Judah
חֶצְרוֹן (chets.ron) — Hezron.
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Gen.46.12;
son of: Perez (H6557);
brother of: Hamul (H2538); married to daughter_of_Machir (H4353I) and Abiah (H0029J);
father of: Ram (H7410), Jerahmeel (H3396), Caleb (H3612H), Segub (H7687H) and Ashhur (H0806)
§ Hezron = "surrounded by a wall"
1) a son of Reuben
2) a son of Pharez and grandson of Judah
3) a place in the extreme south of Judah
חֶצְרוֹן (chets.ron) — (Kerioth)-hezron.
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Hezron
Enclosed. (1.) One of the sons of Reuben (Gen. 46:9; Ex. 6:14). (2.) The older of the two sons of Pharez (Gen. 46:12). (3.) A plain in the south of Judah, west of Kadesh-barnea (Josh. 15:3).
(surrounded by a wall). A son of Reuben. (Genesis 46:9; Exodus 6:14) A son of Pharez. (Genesis 46:12; Ruth 4:18)
the dart of joy; the division of the song
אֶפְרָ֫תָה n.pr.
n. pr. loc. place near Bethel, where Rachel died & was buried
id., a name of Bethlehem
id., perh. applied to district where Kitjath Jearim lay, on the border of Judah & Benjamin
n. pr. f. name given to wife of Caleb
base
H3613 אֶפְרָ֫תָה, כָּלֵב אֶפְרָתָה
3613 Kaleb 'Ephrathah kaw-labe' ef-raw'-thaw
from 3612 and 672; Caleb- Ephrathah, a place in Egypt (if the
text is correct):--Caleb-ephrathah.
see HEBREW for 03612
see HEBREW for 0672
כָּלֵב אֶפְרָתָה (ka.lev eph.ra.tah) — Caleb.
§ Caleb-ephratah = "dog or ash heap"
a place in Gilead
N-proper — Preposition · noun properHR/Npl
ka'-leb (kalebh; in the light of the cognate Syriac and Arabic words, the meaning is not "dog," which is kelebh, in Hebrew, but "raging with canine madness"; Chaleb): As a person, Caleb, the son of Jephunneh, occurs in the story of the spies (Nu 13 ff). He represents the tribe of Judah as its prince (Nu 13:6; compare Nu 13:2). While the majority of the men sent out by Moses bring back evil report, Caleb and Hoshea, or Joshua, the son of Nun, are the only ones to counsel the invasion of the promised land (Nu 13:30; 14:6 ff). Accordingly, these two alone are permitted to survive (Nu 14:38; 32:12). Upon the conquest and distribution of the land by Joshua, Caleb reminds the…
Caleb
A dog. (1.) One of the three sons of Hezron of the tribe of Judah. He is also called Chelubai (1 Chr. 2:9). His descendants are enumerated (18-20, 42-49).
(2.) A “son of Hur, the firstborn of Ephratah” (1 Chr. 2:50). Some would read the whole passage thus: “These [i.e., the list in ver. 42-49] were the sons of Caleb. The sons of Hur, the firstborn of Ephratah, were Shobal, etc.” Thus Hur would be the name of the son and not the father of Caleb (ver. 19).
(3.) The son of Jephunneh (Num. 13:6; 32:12; Josh. 14:6, 14). He was one of those whom Moses sent to search the land in the second year after the Exodus. He was one of the family chiefs of the tribe of Judah. He…
(capable). According to (1 Chronicles 2:9,18,19,42,50) the son of Hezron the son of Pharez the son of Judah, and the father of Hur, and consequently grandfather of Caleb the spy. (B.C. about 1600.) Son of Jephunneh, one of the twelve spies sent by Moses to Canaan. (Numbers 13:6) (B.C. 1490.) He and Oshea or Joshua the son of Nun were the only two of the whole number who encouraged the people to enter in boldly to the land and take possession of it. Fortyfive years afterwards Caleb came to Joshua and claimed possession of the land of the Anakim, Kirjath-arba or Hebron, and the neighboring hill country. Josh 14. This was immediately granted to him, and the following chapter relates how he took possession of Hebron, driving out the three sons of Anak; and how he offered Achsah his…
1. Son of Jephunneh, of the tribe of Judah, who was sent, with one man from each of the other tribes, to search out the promised land, Nu 13:1-14:45. Of all the twelve, Caleb and Joshua acted the part of true and faithful men; and they only, of all the grown men of Israel, were permitted to enter Canaan, Nu 14:6-24,38 26:65. He was one of the princes appointed to divide the conquered territory among the tribes, Nu 34:19. Hebron was given to him as a reward of his fidelity, according to the promise of God, De 1:36 Jos 14:1-15. Though eighty-five years old, he still retained his vigor, and soon drove out the Anakim from…
אֶפְרָ֫תָה n.pr.
n. pr. loc. place near Bethel, where Rachel died & was buried
id., a name of Bethlehem
id., perh. applied to district where Kitjath Jearim lay, on the border of Judah & Benjamin
n. pr. f. name given to wife of Caleb
base
H3613 אֶפְרָ֫תָה, כָּלֵב אֶפְרָתָה
3613 Kaleb 'Ephrathah kaw-labe' ef-raw'-thaw
from 3612 and 672; Caleb- Ephrathah, a place in Egypt (if the
text is correct):--Caleb-ephrathah.
see HEBREW for 03612
see HEBREW for 0672
כָּלֵב אֶפְרָתָה (ka.lev eph.ra.tah) — Caleb.
§ Caleb-ephratah = "dog or ash heap"
a place in Gilead
HNpl — Noun properHNpl
אִשָּׁה (ishshah) means 'woman,' 'wife,' or 'female.' It can refer to a woman in general, a wife in relation to a man, or the female of animals. The term also has distributive and reciprocal uses, indicating 'each woman' from her neighbor. The word is derived from the masculine forms אִישׁ (ish) and אִישָׁה (ishah), indicating a broad range of meanings.
אִשָּׁה 773 n.f. woman, wife, female
woman
Wife (woman belonging to a man, usually cstr. or sf.)
Female of animals
With distrib. & recipr. sense, each woman from her neighbor; each one
base
H802 אִשָּׁה woman, wife, female . woman
. Wife (woman belonging to a man, usually cstr. or sf.)
. Female of animals
. With distrib. & recipr. sense, each woman from her neighbor; each one
802 'ishshah ish-shaw'
feminine of 376 or 582; irregular plural, nashiym
{naw-sheem'}; a woman (used in the same wide sense as
582):--(adulter)ess, each, every, female, X many, + none,
one, + together, wife, woman. Often unexpressed in English.
see HEBREW for 0376
see HEBREW for 0582
see HEBREW for 0582
אִשָּׁה (ish.shah) — woman.
: woman
1) woman, wife, female
1a) woman (opposite of man)
1b) wife (woman married to a man)
1c) female (of animals)
1d) each, every (pronoun)
אִשָּׁה (ish.shah) — woman: wife.
: wife/widow
1) woman, wife, female
1a) woman (opposite of man)
1b) wife (woman married to a man)
1c) female (of animals)
1d) each, every (pronoun)
אִשָּׁה (ish.shah) — woman: another.
: another
1) woman, wife, female
1a) woman (opposite of man)
1b) wife (woman married to a man)
1c) female (of animals)
1d) each, every (pronoun)
Conj | N-fs — Conjunction · noun common feminine singular constructHC/Ncfsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
חֶצְרוֹן (Chetsrown) refers to both a geographical location in the extreme south of Judah and two individuals: Hezron, a son of Reuben and a son of Perez, grandson of Judah. The name is interpreted as meaning 'surrounded by a wall.' There is some overlap in the references to Hezron as a location and a person, indicating its significance in both contexts.
חֶצְרוֹן, חֶצְרֹן n.pr.loc. et pers.
n. pr. loc.
place in extreme south of Judah
another town of Judah in south
n. pr. m.
son of Reuben
son of Pereṣ and grandson of Judah
base
H2696 חֶצְרוֹן, חֶצְרֹן . n. pr. loc. . place in extreme south of Judah
. another town of Judah in south
. n. pr. m. . son of Reuben
. son of Pereṣ and grandson of Judah
2696 Chetsrown khets-rone'
from 2691; court-yard; Chetsron, the name of a place in
Palestine; also of two Israelites:--Hezron.
see HEBREW for 02691
חֶצְרוֹן (chets.ron) — Hezron.
A man of the tribe of Reuben living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Gen.46.9;
son of: Reuben (H7205);
brother of: Hanoch (H2585J), Pallu (H6396) and Carmi (H3756)
§ Hezron = "surrounded by a wall"
1) a son of Reuben
2) a son of Pharez and grandson of Judah
3) a place in the extreme south of Judah
חֶצְרוֹן (chets.ron) — Hezron.
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Gen.46.12;
son of: Perez (H6557);
brother of: Hamul (H2538); married to daughter_of_Machir (H4353I) and Abiah (H0029J);
father of: Ram (H7410), Jerahmeel (H3396), Caleb (H3612H), Segub (H7687H) and Ashhur (H0806)
§ Hezron = "surrounded by a wall"
1) a son of Reuben
2) a son of Pharez and grandson of Judah
3) a place in the extreme south of Judah
חֶצְרוֹן (chets.ron) — (Kerioth)-hezron.
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Hezron
Enclosed. (1.) One of the sons of Reuben (Gen. 46:9; Ex. 6:14). (2.) The older of the two sons of Pharez (Gen. 46:12). (3.) A plain in the south of Judah, west of Kadesh-barnea (Josh. 15:3).
(surrounded by a wall). A son of Reuben. (Genesis 46:9; Exodus 6:14) A son of Pharez. (Genesis 46:12; Ruth 4:18)
the dart of joy; the division of the song
The Hebrew word אֲבִיָּ֫הוּ (*Abiyah*) means 'father of Jah' and is associated with several figures in the Old Testament. It refers to a king of Judah, the second son of Samuel, and others, including a woman and a man from the tribe of Benjamin. The name is linked to the meaning 'Jehovah is (my) father'.
אֲבִיָּ֫הוּ n.pr.m. & f. (Yah(u) is (my) father)—so † 2 Ch 13:20, 21 = אֲבִיָּם † 1 K 14:31 15:1, 7, 7, 8 (𝔊 Ἀβιου, Ἀβια); = אֲבִי † 2 K 18:2 (𝔊 Ἀβου, Ἀβουθ); = אֲבִיָּה 1 S 8:2 22 t.—
king of Judah, son & successor of Rehoboam
2nd son of Samuel
son of Jerob.
son of Becher, a Benjamite
head of a priestly house
id.
wife of Hezron
mother of Hezekiah
base
H29 אֲבִיָּ֫הוּ
29 'Abiyah ab-ee-yaw'
or prolonged Abiyahuw {ab-ee-yaw'-hoo}; from 1 and 3050;
father (i.e. worshipper) of Jah; Abijah, the name of several
Israelite men and two Israelitesses:--Abiah, Abijah.
see HEBREW for 01
see HEBREW for 03050
אֲבִיָּה (a.viy.yah) — Abijah.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Sa.8.2;
son of: Samuel (H8050);
brother of: Joel (H3100)
§ Abia or Abiah or Abijah = "Jehovah is (my) father"
second son of Samuel
אֲבִיָּה (a.viy.yah) — Abijah.
A man of the Kingdom of Israel, living at the time of Divided Monarchy, only mentioned at 1Ki.14.1;
son of: Jeroboam (H3379);
brother of: Nadab (H5070H)
§ Abia or Abiah or Abijah = "Jehovah is (my) father"
1) king of Judah, son and successor of Rehoboam
2) second son of Samuel
3) son of Jeroboam the first, king of Israel
4) son of Becher, a Benjamite
5) head of a priestly house (one of the 24 Levite groups)
6) head of a priestly house (after the exile)
7) wife of Hezron
8) mother of Hezekiah (cf H021)
אֲבִיָּ֫הוּ, אֲבִיָּה (a.viy.yah) — Abijah.
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Abijah
Father (i.e., “possessor or worshipper”) of Jehovah. (1.) 1 Chr. 7:8. (2.) 1 Chr. 2:24.
(3.) The second son of Samuel (1 Sam. 8:2; 1 Chr. 6:28). His conduct, along with that of his brother, as a judge in Beer-sheba, to which office his father had appointed him, led to popular discontent, and ultimately provoked the people to demand a royal form of government.
(4.) A descendant of Eleazar, the son of Aaron, a chief of one of the twenty-four orders into which the priesthood was divided by David (1 Chr. 24:10). The order of Abijah was one of those which did not return from the Captivity (
1. Called, in Lu 1:5, Abia; founder of a family among the posterity of Aaron. When David divided the priests into twenty-four courses, to perform the temple-service, in turn, the eighth class was called after him, 1Ch 24:10. To this class of course Zacharias belonged.
2. Son of Jeroboam, the first king of Israel. He died young, and much beloved and lamented, for in him there was found some good thing towards the Lord, 1Ki 14:1-18
3. Son of Rehoboam, the first king of Judah; called in, 1Ki 22:53, Abijam. He came to the throne A.M. 3046, and reigned only three years. In war with Jeroboam he gained a signal victory, 2Ch…
the Lord is my father
The Hebrew word יָלַד (*yalad*) means to bear, bring forth, or beget, and it encompasses various forms of childbirth and lineage declaration. It can refer to both the act of giving birth and the role of a midwife. The entries also note its use in contexts of distress and wicked behavior, as well as in reference to birthdays.
יָלַד 497 vb. bear, bring forth, beget
Qal
bear, bring forth
less often beget
of both parents
Niph. be born
Pi. cause (or help) to bring forth, viz., assist or tend as midwife
Pu. be born
Hiph.
beget (a father a child)
bear
Hoph. day of one's being born = birthday
Hithp. declared their pedigree
base
H3205 יָלַד bear, bring forth, beget .. bear, bring forth
. less often beget
. of both parents
. be born
. cause (or help) to bring forth, viz., assist or tend as midwife
. be born
. . beget (a father a child)
. bear
. day of one's being born = birthday
. declared their pedigree
3205 yalad yaw-lad'
a primitive root; to bear young; causatively, to beget;
medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show
lineage:--bear, beget, birth((-day)), born, (make to) bring
forth (children, young), bring up, calve, child, come, be
delivered (of a child), time of delivery, gender, hatch,
labour, (do the office of a) midwife, declare pedigrees, be
the son of, (woman in, woman that) travail(-eth, -ing woman).
יָלַד (ya.lad) — to beget.
1) to bear, bringforth, beget, gender, travail
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to bear, bring forth
1a1a) of child birth
1a1b) of distress (simile)
1a1c) of wicked (behaviour)
1a2) to beget
1b) (Niphal) to be born
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to cause or help to bring forth
1c2) to assist or tend as a midwife
1c3) midwife (participle)
1d) (Pual) to be born
1e) (Hiphil)
1e1) to beget (a child)
1e2) to bear (fig. -of wicked bringing forth iniquity)
1f) (Hophal) day of birth, birthday (infinitive)
1g) (Hithpael) to declare one's birth (pedigree)
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3fs — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person feminine singularHc/Vqw3fs
bor: According to the Book of the Covenant (Ex 20:20-23:33) a slave whom his master had purchased was to be released after six years. Should he choose to remain in his master's service a religious ceremony was necessary to ratify his decision. "Then his master shall bring him unto God" (better than "unto the judges" of the King James Version), "and shall bring him to the door, or unto the doorpost; and his master shall bore his ear through with an awl" (Ex 21:6). It is highly improbable that "unto God" means "to a sanctuary"; for there was no special reason for performing this ceremony near the door of a sanctuary. On the other hand the entrance to a private house was a sacred spot. According to primitive thinking near the door dwelt the household gods whose function it was to…
וֹ (o) — him.
Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine singular
HR/Sp3ms — Preposition · suffixHR/Sp3ms
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HTo — ParticleHTo
אַשְׁחוּר (ashchuwr) likely means 'black' and refers to a man named Ashhur from the tribe of Judah. He is first mentioned in 1 Chronicles 2:24 and is noted as the son of Hezron and Abiah, with several notable relatives and descendants.
אַשְׁחוּר n.pr.m. in Judah
base
H806 אַשְׁחוּר
806 'Ashchuwr ash-khoor'
probably from 7835; black; Ashchur, an Israelite:--Ashur.
see HEBREW for 07835
אַשְׁחוּר (ash.chur) — Ashhur.
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at 1Ch.2.24;
son of: Hezron (H2696H) and Abiah (H0029J);
half-brother of: Ram (H7410), Jerahmeel (H3396), Caleb (H3612H) and Segub (H7687H); married to Helah (H2458) and Naarah (H5292B);
father of: Ahuzzam (H0275), Hepher (H2660), Temeni (H8488), Haahashtari (H0326), Zereth (H6889), Izhar (H3328), Ethnan (H0869) and Koz (H6976)
§ Ashur = "black"
son of Pharez
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
ash'-ur (ashchur, the King James Version Ashur): The "father of Tekoa" (1Ch 2:24; 4:5), probably the founder of the village. The original meaning of the name is the "man of Horus," Ashurites (ha-'ashuri). This name occurs in the list of Ish-bosheth's subjects (2Sa 2:9).
The Syriac, Arabic, and Vulgate (Jerome's Latin Bible, 390-405 A.D.) versions read ha-geshuri, "the Geshurites," designating the small kingdom to the South or Southeast of Damascus. This reading, though adopted by Ewald, Thenius and Wellhausen, is untenable, for during the reign of Ish-bosheth Geshur was ruled by its own king Talmai, whose daughter was married to David (2Sa 3:3; 13:37). Furthermore Geshur was too far away from the rest of Ishbosheth's territory. A…
אָב (av) means 'father' and encompasses various roles such as the literal father of an individual, God as the father of His people, and the head of a household or clan. It can also refer to an ancestor, originator of a profession, or a figure of respect and protection. Notably, it can imply a ruler or chief in later contexts.
אָב 1101 n.m. father
father of individual
of God as father of his people
head of household, family or clan
ancestor
originator or patron of a class, profession, or art
fig. of producer, generator
fig. of benevolence & protection
term of respect & honor
specif., ruler, chief (late)
base
H1 אָב father . father of individual
. of God as father of his people
. head of household, family or clan
. ancestor
. originator or patron of a class, profession, or art
. fig. of producer, generator
. fig. of benevolence & protection
. term of respect & honor
. specif., ruler, chief (late)
1 'ab awb
a primitive word; father, in a literal and immediate, or
figurative and remote application):--chief,
(fore-)father(-less), X patrimony, principal. Compare names
in "Abi-".
אָב (av) — father.
1) father of an individual
2) of God as father of his people
3) head or founder of a household, group, family, or clan
4) ancestor
4a) grandfather, forefathers - of person
4b) of people
5) originator or patron of a class, profession, or art
6) of producer, generator (fig.)
7) of benevolence and protection (fig.)
8) term of respect and honour
9) ruler or chief (spec.)
Also means: av (אַב "father" H0002)
אָב (av) — (Huram)-abi.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.7.13; also called Huram-abi (KJV: "Huram my father's") at 2Ch.2.13; 4.16;
Combined with chi.ram (חִירָם "Hiram" H2438H)
אָב (av) — father of.
The father of Gibeon, also known as Abiel - a man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Sa.9.1;
son of: Zeror (H6872C); married to Maacah (H4601N);
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
תְּקוֹעַ (teqo'a) refers to Tekoa, a location in southern Judah, known as a stockade. It was established by Ashur, son of Hezron, and is noted as the birthplace of the prophet Amos. The town was later rebuilt by King Rehoboam. The lexicons consistently identify it as a proper noun without significant disagreement.
תְּקוֹעַ n.pr.loc. in S. Judah
base
H8620 תְּקוֹעַ
8620 Tqowa` tek-o'-ah
a form of 8619; Tekoa, a place in Palestine:--Tekoa,
Tekoah.
see HEBREW for 08619
תְּקוֹעַ (te.qo.a) — Tekoa.
Tekoa or Tekoah = "a stockade"
town founded by Ashur son of Hezron
in the hill country of Judah near Hebron
rebuilt by king Rehoboam of Judah; birthplace of Amos
Also named: te.qo.i (תְּקוֹעִי "Tekoa" H8621)
N-proper — Noun properHNpl
te-ko'-a (teqoa', or teqo`ah; Thekoe; the King James Version Tekoah; one of David's mighty men, "Ira the son of Ikkesh," is called a Tekoite, te-ko'-it (teqo`i; 2Sa 23:26; 1Ch 11:28; 27:9; the "woman of Tekoa" [2Sa 14:2] is in Hebrew teqo`ith; in Ne 3:5 mention is made of certain Tekoites, te-ko'its teqo'im, who repaired part of the walls of Jerusalem):
1. Scripture References:
From here came the "wise woman" brought by Joab to try and make a reconciliation between David and Absalom (2Sa 14:2 f); it was one of the cities fortified by Rehoboam (2Ch 11:6; Josephus, Ant…
Jer 6:1, a city of Judah, now in ruins, situated on an extended height, twelve miles south of Jerusalem. Here originated the wise woman who was Joab’s agent, 2Sa 14:2, and Amos the prophet, Am 1:1. It was inhabited by Christians in the time of the crusades.
The wilderness of Tekoa, mentioned in 2Ch 20:20, inclines toward the Dead Sea.
trumpet; that is confirmed
1. Son of Ashur 1Ch 2:24; 4:5
Some authorities interpret these passages to mean that Ashur colonized the town of Tekoah
2. TEKOA
See TEKOAH