2 Kings 12:20 — Word Study
WLCוַיָּקֻ֥מוּ עֲבָדָ֖יו וַיִּקְשְׁרֽוּ־ קָ֑שֶׁר וַיַּכּוּ֙ אֶת־ יוֹאָ֔שׁ בֵּ֥ית מִלֹּ֖א הַיּוֹרֵ֥ד סִלָּֽא׃
BSA[him]Yôwʼâsh
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וַיָּקֻ֥מוּ | and they arose | Verb, Qal, sequential imperfect third person masculine plural |
| עֲבָדָ֖יו | servants his | Noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| וַיִּקְשְׁרֽוּ־ | and they conspired | Verb, Qal, sequential imperfect third person masculine plural |
| קָ֑שֶׁר | a conspiracy | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| וַיַּכּוּ֙ | and they struck down | Verb, Hiphil, sequential imperfect third person masculine plural |
| אֶת־ | the object marker | Particle |
| יוֹאָ֔שׁ | Joash | Noun proper masculine |
| בֵּ֥ית | Beth- | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| מִלֹּ֖א | Millo | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| הַיּוֹרֵ֥ד | which goes down | Particle, verb qal participle (active) masculine singular |
| סִלָּֽא׃ | Silla | Noun proper |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | And the servants of Joash rose up and formed a conspiracy and killed him at Beth-millo, on the road down to Silla. |
| KJV | And his servants arose, and made a conspiracy, and slew Joash in the house of Millo, which goeth down to Silla. |
| ASV | And his servants arose, and made a conspiracy, and smote Joash at the house of Millo, on the way that goeth down to Silla. |
| YLT | And his servants rise, and make a conspiracy, and smite Joash in the house of Millo, that is going down to Silla: |
| WEB | His servants arose and made a conspiracy, and struck Joash at the house of Millo, on the way that goes down to Silla. |
| BBE | And his servants made a secret design and put Joash to death at the house of Millo on the way down to Silla. |
Where they part company is קָ֑שֶׁר — see How Translations Differ.
One main action followed by two subordinate actions and a location description.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
verbוְ
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 11 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 2 Kings 12:20
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Assassination of Joashgenerated
2 Kings 12:20 describes the conspiracy against King Joash, revealing the treachery of his own servants. This event marks a critical moment in the history of Judah, leading to the eventual rise of his son Amaziah as king. The passage highlights the political intrigue and instability during Joash's reign, as well as the consequences of betrayal.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 Kings 14:5 | As soon as the kingdom was firmly in his grasp, Amaziah executed the servants who had murdered his father the king. |
| 2 | 2 Chronicles 24:24–25 | Although the Aramean army had come with only a few men, the LORD delivered into their hand a very great army. Because Judah had forsaken the LORD, the God of their fathers, judgment was executed on Joash. |
| 3 | 2 Chronicles 25:27 | From the time that Amaziah turned from following the LORD, a conspiracy was formed against him in Jerusalem, and he fled to Lachish. But men were sent after him to Lachish, and they killed him there. |
| 4 | 2 Chronicles 33:24 | Then the servants of Amon conspired against him and killed him in his palace. |
| 5 | Judges 9:6 | Then all the leaders of Shechem and Beth-millo gathered beside the oak at the pillar in Shechem and proceeded to make Abimelech their king. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 7 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — קָ֑שֶׁר, ka.shergenerated
The noun קֶ֫שֶׁר (qesher) refers to a conspiracy or an unlawful alliance, often associated with treason. It is derived from the verb meaning 'to bind' or 'to tie together', indicating a secretive agreement among individuals. The use of this word in the context of Joash's murder emphasizes the treachery involved in the act.
This term appears in various contexts throughout the Hebrew Bible, often with negative connotations, suggesting plots against leaders or divine authority. In this verse, it underscores the seriousness of the betrayal by Joash's own servants.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verbs וַיָּקֻ֥מוּ and וַיִּקְשְׁרֽוּ govern the main actions of the verse, with additional clauses detailing the object of their actions and the location of the events. The structure emphasizes the sequence of actions taken by Joash's servants.
The word order places the subjects (the servants) first, highlighting their role in the conspiracy and subsequent murder, which is central to the narrative.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates וַיָּקֻ֥מוּ as καὶ (and), indicating a straightforward continuation of the narrative. The choice of πάντα for וַיִּקְשְׁרֽוּ (and they conspired) suggests a broadening of the action, emphasizing the collective involvement in the plot against Joash.
This translation reflects the Greek understanding of the events, maintaining the focus on the conspiracy while adapting the Hebrew nuances for a Greek-speaking audience.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
2 Kings 12:20 tells us that Joash's servants rose up against him, formed a conspiracy, and killed him at Beth-millo, on the road to Silla. This act of betrayal led to Joash's death and the rise of his son Amaziah as king.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The conspiracy highlights the instability and treachery present in Joash's court, suggesting that his reign was marked by dissatisfaction among his own servants.
Beth-millo is noted as a place of significance in the context of Joash's assassination, indicating a strategic location for the conspirators.
The actions of Joash's servants illustrate the dangers of political intrigue and betrayal, which can lead to significant shifts in power.
This event parallels other biblical accounts of betrayal, such as the plots against King David and the treachery faced by leaders throughout Israel's history.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What motivations might have driven Joash's servants to conspire against him?
- How does this event reflect the broader themes of loyalty and betrayal in leadership?
- In what ways can we see similar dynamics of power and treachery in today's world?
- What lessons can we learn from the downfall of Joash regarding leadership and trust?
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 2 Kings 12:20 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd his servants arose,.... This was after he had slain Zechariah the son of Jehoiada, who reproved him for his idolatry; and after a second expedition of the king of Syria, who came to Jerusalem,
Read John Gill on 2 Kings 12 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd his servants arose, and made a conspiracy, and slew Joash in the house of Millo, which goeth down to Silla.
Read Robert Jamieson on 2 Kings 12 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleMade a conspiracy; of which see . In the house of Millo; either in that strong and famous place in Jerusalem called Millo; of which see ,24 11:27; into which he possibly retired for his security, being afraid even of his own subjects and servants; or in some other place called by the same name, for some resemblance it had with it. Which goeth down to Silla, i.e. which standeth upon the descent to Silla, or upon that descending causeway which leadeth from Millo to the king’ s house. Some refer this to Joash, and render the place thus, they slew him at or near the house of Millo, descending, or as he was going down to Silla, to escape their hands.
Read Matthew Poole on 2 Kings 12 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments2 Kings 12:20 And his servants arose, and made a conspiracy, and slew Joash in the house of Millo, which goeth down to Silla.Ver. 20. And slew Joash.] After that the Syrian rovers had first wounded him, and, perhaps by torturing him, left him under sore diseases, according to what holy Zechariah at his death had prayed and prophesied, The Lord look upon it (i.e., my death), and require it.
Read John Trapp on 2 Kings 12 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(20) His servants.—His immediate attendants. (Comp. 2 Kings 8:15.) Arose—i.e., against him. In the house of Millo.—Or, at Beth-Millo. The precise locality cannot be determined. Thenius supposes that the sorely wounded (?) king had retired for greater safety into “the castle palace.” Ewald says the king was murdered while engaged in the fortress. For “the Millo,” see 2 Samuel 5:9; 1 Kings 9:15. The chronicler relates that Jehoash was murdered in his bed. Which goeth down to Silla.—These words convey no meaning to us, the name Silla being otherwise unknown. The text is probably corrupt, for Silla is almost exactly like Millo in Hebrew writing. (The Vatican LXX. omits “which goeth down.”)
Read Charles John Ellicott on 2 Kings 12 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 20. The house of Millo] Was a royal palace, built by David; (see 2 Samuel 5:9); and Silla is supposed to be the name of the road or causeway that led to it. Millo was situated between the old city of Jerusalem, and the city of David.
Read AdamClarke on 2 Kings 12 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges20. And his servants arose] The Chronicler tells us that the Syrians left the king suffering from ‘great diseases’, perhaps from wounds received in some battle against the Syrians. He adds also that it was because of the blood ‘of the sons of Jehoiada’ that the conspiracy was formed against Joash. From which it would seem that not Zechariah only but the whole family of Jehoiada had been put to death by the ungrateful king. slew Joash in the house of Millo] R.V. smote Joash at &c. We see from 2 Chronicles that the king was lying sick at this place. So it probably was some royal residence, or some part thereof. On ‘Millo’, the name of some part of the fortifications of Jerusalem, cf. 1 Kings…
Read Cambridge on 2 Kings 12 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleA conspiracy - Compare the marginal reference Joash, either from a suspicion of intended treason, or from some other unknown cause, took up his abode in the fortress of Millo 1 Kings 9:24.
Read Albert Barnes on 2 Kings 12 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
And the servants of Joash rose up and formed a conspiracy and killed him at Beth-millo, on the road down to Silla.
His servants arose and made a conspiracy, and struck Joash at the house of Millo, on the way that goes down to Silla.
And the servants of Joash rose up and formed a conspiracy and killed him at Beth-millo, on the road down to Silla.
His servants conspired against him and murdered Joash at Beth-Millo, on the road that goes down to Silla.
Tyndale line
And his servants arose, and made a conspiracy, and slew Joash in the house of Millo, which goeth down to Silla.
And his servants arose, and made a conspiracy, and smote Joash at the house of Millo, on the way that goeth down to Silla.
And his servants arose, and made a conspiracy, and smote Joash at the house of Millo, on the way that goeth down to Silla.
And his servants arose, and made a conspiracy, and slew Joash in the house of Millo, which goeth down to Silla.
And his seruants arose and wrought treason, and slewe Ioash in the house of Millo, when he came downe to Silla:
Strictly literal
And his servants rose up and made a conspiracy, and smote Joash in the house of Millo, at the descent of Silla.
And his servants rise, and make a conspiracy, and smite Joash in the house of Millo, that is going down to Silla:
And his servants rise, and make a conspiracy, and strike Joash in the house of Millo, that is going down to Silla.
(12:21) And his servants arose, and formed a conspiracy, and smote Joash in Beth-millo, which [lieth on the road] that goeth down to Silla.
His servants arose and plotted together; they attacked Joash in Beth Millo, on the way that goes down to Silla.
From the Latin
And his servants arose, and conspired among themselves, and slew Joas in the house of Mello in the descent of Sella.
Simplified
His officials plotted against him and murdered him at Beth Millo, on the road that goes down to Silla.
And his servants made a secret design and put Joash to death at the house of Millo on the way down to Silla.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text states that Joash's servants conspired against him and killed him at Beth-millo, on the road down to Silla. The Septuagint agrees with the Masoretic Text in meaning and content, matching all 11 words in a word-by-word correspondence, although the word order and articles may differ due to the nature of Greek syntax. There are no significant differences noted in the Samaritan Pentateuch or the Dead Sea Scrolls for this verse, indicating a strong consistency among the ancient witnesses.
וַיָּקֻ֥מוּ עֲבָדָ֖יו וַיִּקְשְׁרֽוּ־ קָ֑שֶׁר וַיַּכּוּ֙ אֶת־ יוֹאָ֔שׁ בֵּ֥ית מִלֹּ֖א הַיּוֹרֵ֥ד סִלָּֽא׃
11 of the 11 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 2 Kings 12:20
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word קוּם (qum) is a primitive root meaning 'to rise' and encompasses a range of actions such as standing, becoming powerful, and establishing. It can imply a sudden or hostile rise, as well as the act of fulfilling or confirming something. The entries also note various grammatical forms, indicating its use in different contexts, including raising up or causing to stand.
לֵב קָמָי prob. late Atbash Je 51:1.
ref
קוּם 628 vb. arise, stand up, stand
Qal 460
arise
arise, in hostile sense (oft. with idea of suddenness)
arise, abs., = become powerful
arise = come on the scene, appear, of leader, prophet
arise for, i.e. to become
arise for action
arise (out of inaction), introducing some specific deed
esp. arise = start, make a move, to go somewhere
stand
Pi.
fulfil
confirm, ratify
confirm, establish
impose, an obligation
Pō‛l. raise up
Hithpō‛l. raise oneself, = rise up
Hiph.
146cause to arise, raise
raise, set up, stones
erect, build
fig, of setting up law
raise up = bring on the scene
raise up = rouse, stir up
instigate, build
fig, of setting up law
raise up = constitute
cause to stand
Hoph. be raised up
base
H6965a לֵב קָמָי prob. late Atbash H6965b קוּם arise, stand up, stand .. arise
. arise, in hostile sense (oft. with idea of suddenness)
. arise, abs., = become powerful
. arise = come on the scene, appear, of leader, prophet
. arise for, i.e. to become
. . arise for action
. arise (out of inaction), introducing some specific deed
. esp. arise = start, make a move, to go somewhere
. stand
. . fulfil
. . confirm, ratify
. confirm, establish
. impose, an obligation
. raise up
. raise oneself, = rise up
. . cause to arise, raise
. . raise, set up, stones
. erect, build
. fig, of setting up law
. raise up = bring on the scene
. . raise up = rouse, stir up
. instigate, build
. fig, of setting up law
. raise up = constitute
. cause to stand
. be raised up
6965 quwm koom
a primitive root; to rise (in various applications, literal,
figurative, intensive and causative):--abide, accomplish, X
be clearer, confirm, continue, decree, X be dim, endure, X
enemy, enjoin, get up, make good, help, hold, (help to) lift
up (again), make, X but newly, ordain, perform, pitch, raise
(up), rear (up), remain, (a-)rise (up) (again, against), rouse
up, set (up), (e-)stablish, (make to) stand (up), stir up,
strengthen, succeed, (as-, make) sure(-ly), (be) up(-hold, -
rising).
קָמָי (qa.may) — (Leb)-kamai.
Combined with lev (לֵב "Leb" H3820B)
§ -Kamai = "my adversary"
Leb-kamai, i.e., people of Gambulai
קוּם (qum) — to arise: rise.
: rise/get_going
1) to rise, arise, stand, rise up, stand up
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to arise
1a2) to arise (hostile sense)
1a3) to arise, become powerful
1a4) to arise, come on the scene
1a5) to stand
1a5a) to maintain oneself
1a5b) to be established, be confirmed
1a5c) to stand, endure
1a5d) to be fixed
1a5e) to be valid
1a5f) to be proven
1a5g) to be fulfilled
1a5h) to persist
1a5i) to be set, be fixed
1b) (Piel)
1b1) to fulfil
1b2) to confirm, ratify, establish, impose
1c) (Polel) to raise up
1d) (Hithpael) to raise oneself, rise up
1e) (Hiphil)
1e1) to cause to arise, raise
1e2) to raise, set up, erect, build
1e3) to raise up, bring on the scene
1e4) to raise up, rouse, stir up, investigate
1e5) to raise up, constitute
Hc/Vqw3mp — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person masculine pluralHc/Vqw3mp
The Hebrew word עֶ֫בֶד (*ebed*) means 'slave' or 'servant' and encompasses various roles, including household servants, subjects, and worshippers of God. It can also refer to Israel as a collective servant of God and is used in polite address among equals. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to work' or 'to serve'.
עֶ֫בֶד 799 n.m. slave, servant
slave, servant of household
Subjects, of chief
Servants, worshippers of God
Servant of י׳, in a special sense
Israel as a people is servant of י׳
In polite address of equals or superiors the Hebrews used עַבְדְּךָ thy servant = 1 pers. sing., I
Phrases
base
H5650 עֶ֫בֶד slave, servant . slave, servant of household
. Subjects, of chief
. Servants, worshippers of God
. Servant of י׳, in a special sense
. Israel as a people is servant of י׳
. In polite address of equals or superiors the Hebrews used עַבְדְּךָ thy servant = 1 pers. sing., I
. Phrases
5650 `ebed eh'-bed
from 5647; a servant:--X bondage, bondman, (bond-)servant,
(man-)servant.
see HEBREW for 05647
עֶ֫בֶד (e.ved) — servant/slave.
1) slave, servant
1a) slave, servant, man-servant
1b) subjects
1c) servants, worshippers (of God)
1d) servant (in special sense as prophets, Levites etc)
1e) servant (of Israel)
1f) servant (as form of address between equals)
Aramaic equivalent: a.vad (עֲבַד "servant/slave" H5649)
HNcmpc/Sp3ms — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHNcmpc/Sp3ms
קָשַׁר (qashar) is a Hebrew verb meaning to bind or tie together, both physically and mentally, as in forming a league or conspiring. The entries describe its various uses, including binding fast or being bound up, and it appears in different grammatical forms. Notably, it is used in the context of relationships, such as the life of Jonathan being bound to David's.
קָשַׁר vb. bind, league together, conspire
Qal
bind
league together, conspire
Niph. the life of Jonathan was bound up with the life of D.
Pi.
bind on (as ornament)
bind fast
Pu. = Qal 1 c.
Hithp. conspire
base
H7194 קָשַׁר bind, league together, conspire .. bind
. league together, conspire
. the life of Jonathan was bound up with the life of D.
. . bind on (as ornament)
. bind fast
. = Qal 1 c.
. conspire
7194 qashar kaw-shar'
a primitive root: to tie, physically (gird, confine, compact)
or mentally (in love, league):--bind (up), (make a)
conspire(-acy, -ator), join together, knit, stronger, work
(treason).
קָשַׁר (qa.shar) — to conspire.
1) to bind, tie, bind together, league together, conspire
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to bind, confine
1a2) to league together, conspire
1b) (Niphal) to be bound, be bound up
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to bind on
1c2) to bind fast
1c3) to bind, tie
1c4) to bind to oneself
1d) (Pual) robust, vigorous (participle)
1e) (Hithpael) to conspire
Hc/Vqw3mp — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person masculine pluralHc/Vqw3mp
קֶ֫שֶׁר (qesher) refers to a conspiracy or an unlawful alliance, often associated with treason. It is derived from the root word found in H7194. The entries consistently emphasize its negative connotations, indicating a secretive or illicit agreement.
קֶ֫שֶׁר n.m. conspiracy
base
H7195 קֶ֫שֶׁר conspiracy
7195 qesher keh'-sher
from 7194; an (unlawful) alliance:--confederacy, conspiracy,
treason.
see HEBREW for 07194
קֶ֫שֶׁר (qe.sher) — conspiracy.
conspiracy, treason, (unlawful) alliance
HNcmsa — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
kon-spir'-a-si.
See CONFEDERACY.
→ LAW AGAINST Ex 23:1,2
→ INSTANCES OF
Joseph's brother, against Joseph Ge 37:18-20
Miriam and Aaron, against Moses Nu 12; 14:4; 16:1-35
Abimelech against Gideon's sons Jud 9:1-6
Gaal, against Abimelech Jud 9:23-41
Delilah, against Samson Jud 16:4-21
Abner, against Ish-bosheth 2Sa 3:7-21
Of Absalom 2Sa 15:10-13
Of Jeroboam 1Ki 14:2
Of Baasha 1Ki 15:27
נָכָה (nakah) is a Hebrew verb meaning to strike or smite, encompassing a range of actions from lightly hitting to fatal blows. It appears in various forms, indicating actions like attacking, punishing, or causing disease. The entries suggest its use in both literal and figurative contexts, including divine judgment and applause. There is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.
[נָכָה] 501 vb. smite (not in Qal)
Niph. and he shall be smitten [struck by weapon in battle] and die
Pu. both be smitten down by the hail
Hiph.
lit., smite (with a single, non-fatal, blow), strike
smite repeatedly, beat a man
and they clapped hands (in applause)
give a thrust (with fork) into pot; strike roots
rarely smite (in battle) so as (merely) to wound
smite, of sun
Smite fatally
Smite = attack, attack and destroy a company
Of God
smite with a plague, disease, etc.
smite = chastise, or send judgment upon
of God’s destroying palaces
Hoph. be smitten
base
H5221 נָכָה smite (not in Qal) . and he shall be smitten [struck by weapon in battle] and die
. both be smitten down by the hail
. . . lit., smite (with a single, non-fatal, blow), strike
. smite repeatedly, beat a man
. and they clapped hands (in applause)
. give a thrust (with fork) into pot; strike roots
. rarely smite (in battle) so as (merely) to wound
. smite, of sun
. Smite fatally
. Smite = attack, attack and destroy a company
. Of God . smite with a plague, disease, etc.
. smite = chastise, or send judgment upon
. of God’s destroying palaces
. be smitten
5221 nakah naw-kaw'
a primitive root; to strike (lightly or severely, literally
or figuratively):--beat, cast forth, clap, give (wounds), X
go forward, X indeed, kill, make (slaughter), murderer,
punish, slaughter, slay(-er, -ing), smite(-r, -ing), strike,
be stricken, (give) stripes, X surely, wound.
נָכָה (na.khah) — to smite.
1) to strike, smite, hit, beat, slay, kill
1a)(Niphal) to be stricken or smitten
1b) (Pual) to be stricken or smitten
1c) (Hiphil)
1c1) to smite, strike, beat, scourge, clap, applaud, give a thrust
1c2) to smite, kill, slay (man or beast)
1c3) to smite, attack, attack and destroy, conquer, subjugate, ravage
1c4) to smite, chastise, send judgment upon, punish, destroy
1d) (Hophal) to be smitten
1d1) to receive a blow
1d2) to be wounded
1d3) to be beaten
1d4) to be (fatally) smitten, be killed, be slain
1d5) to be attacked and captured
1d6) to be smitten (with disease)
1d7) to be blighted (of plants)
Hc/Vhw3mp — Verb · Hiphil · sequential imperfect third person masculine pluralHc/Vhw3mp
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HTo — ParticleHTo
The Hebrew word יוֹאָשׁ (*yo'ash*) refers to Joash, a name associated with several figures in the Old Testament. It is derived from a root meaning 'given by the Lord.' Notably, it identifies the 8th king of Judah, the 12th king of Israel, and the father of Gideon, among others. The entries consistently highlight these connections without significant disagreement.
יְהוֹאָשׁ, יוֹאָשׁ n.pr.m. (י׳ is strong)
king of Judah, son of Ahaziah
king of Israel, son of Jehoahaz
father of Gideon
a prince of Ahab’s house
one of David’s heroes
a Judaite prince
base
H3101 יְהוֹאָשׁ, יוֹאָשׁ
3101 Yow'ash yo-awsh'
or Yoash (2 Chron. 24:1) {yo-awsh'}; a form of 3060; Joash,
the name of six Israelites:--Joash.
see HEBREW for 03060
יוֹאָשׁ (yo.ash) — Joash.
A man living before Israel's Monarchy, first mentioned at Jdg.6.11;
father of: Gideon (H1439)
§ Joash = "given by the Lord"
1) son of king Ahaziah and the 8th king of Judah
2) son of king Jehoahaz and the 12th king of the northern kingdom of Israel
3) father of Gideon
4) a son of king Ahab
5) a descendant of Shelah the son of Judah; either the son of Shelah or the son of Jokim
6) son of Shemaah of Gibeah who resorted to David at Ziklag
יוֹאָשׁ (yo.ash) — Joash.
A man of the Kingdom of Israel, living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.22.26;
son of: Ahab (H0256);
brother of: Ahaziah (H0274), Joram (H3141H) and Athaliah (H6271)
§ Joash = "given by the Lord"
1) son of king Ahaziah and the 8th king of Judah
2) son of king Jehoahaz and the 12th king of the northern kingdom of Israel
3) father of Gideon
4) a son of king Ahab
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Joash
Whom Jehovah bestowed. (1.) A contracted form of Jehoash, the father of Gideon (Judg. 6:11, 29; 8:13, 29, 32).
(2.) One of the Benjamite archers who joined David at Ziklag (1 Chr. 12:3).
(3.) One of King Ahab’s sons (1 Kings 22:26).
(4.) King of Judah (2 Kings 11:2; 12:19, 20). (See JEHOASH [1].)
(5.) King of Israel (2 Kings 13:9, 12, 13, 25). (See JEHOASH [2].)
(6.) 1 Chr. 7:8.
(7.) One who had charge of the royal stores of oil under David and Solomon (1 Chr. 27:28).
(to whom Jehovah hastens, i.e. to help), contracted from JEHOASH. Son of Ahaziah king of Judah (B.C. 884), and the only one of his children who escaped the murderous hand of Athaliah. After his father’s sister Jehoshabeath, the wife of Jehoiada the high priest, had stolen him from among the king’s sons, he was hidden for six years in the chambers of the temple. In the seventh year of his age and of his concealment, a successful revolution, conducted by Jehoiada, placed him on the throne of his ancestors, and freed the country from the tyranny and idolatries of Athaliah. For at least twenty-three years, while Jehoiada lived, his reign was very prosperous; but after the death of Jehoiada, Joash fell into the hands of bad advisers, at whose suggestion he revived the worship of Baal and Ashtaroth. When he was rebuked for this by Zechariah, the son of Jehoiada, Joash caused him to be stoned…
who despairs or burns
1. Son of Becher 1Ch 7:8
2. Keeper of the stores of oil 1Ch 27:28
3. Father of Gideon Jud 6:11,29,31; 7:14; 8:13,29-32
5. Also called JEHOASH
→ (Son of Ahaziah and king of Judah)
Saved from his grandmother by Jehosheba, his aunt, and hidden for six years 2Ki 11:1-3; 2Ch 22:11,12
Anointed king by the priest, Jehoiada 2Ki 11:12-21; 2Ch 23
מִלּוֹא n.pr.loc. (Thes ‘fill’ of earth, earthwork, but v. GFM Ju 9:6);—
near Shechem, site unknown
citadel in Jerus.
dub.; = 2?
base
H1037 מִלּוֹא, מִלֹּא
1037 Beyth Millow' bayth mil-lo'
or Beyth Mil-loh {bayth mil-lo'}; from 1004 and 4407; house
of (the) rampart; Beth-Millo, the name of two citadels:--
house of Millo.
see HEBREW for 01004
see HEBREW for 04407
בֵּית מִלּוֹא (bet mil.lo) — Beth-millo.
§ Beth-millo = "house of Millo" or "house of the rampart"
a place near Shechem
HNcmsc — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
Beth
Occurs frequently as the appellation for a house, or dwelling-place, in such compounds as the words immediately following:
the most general word for a house or habitation. It has the special meaning of a temple or house of worship Beth is more frequently employed in compound names of places than any other word.
House, forms a part of many compounds names of places, and sometimes means the place or dwelling; and at others the temple. This word becomes Beit in modern Arabic.
מִלּוֹא n.pr.loc. (Thes ‘fill’ of earth, earthwork, but v. GFM Ju 9:6);—
near Shechem, site unknown
citadel in Jerus.
dub.; = 2?
base
H1037 מִלּוֹא, מִלֹּא
1037 Beyth Millow' bayth mil-lo'
or Beyth Mil-loh {bayth mil-lo'}; from 1004 and 4407; house
of (the) rampart; Beth-Millo, the name of two citadels:--
house of Millo.
see HEBREW for 01004
see HEBREW for 04407
בֵּית מִלּוֹא (bet mil.lo) — Beth-millo.
§ Beth-millo = "house of Millo" or "house of the rampart"
a place near Shechem
HNcmsa — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
mil'-o. (millo generally interpreted to mean a "filling," e.g. a solid tower or an earth embankment; in Jud 9:6,20; 2Ki 12:20, we get beth millo', translated in English Versions of the Bible "House of Millo," which Winckler thinks may have been the original Jebusite temple-shrine of Jerusalem (see BETH-MILLO); Septuagint reads Bethmaalon, also Maalon and oikos Maallon):
1. Old Testament References
It is generally supposed that "The Millo" was some kind of fortress or other defense, but many speculations have been made regarding its position. In 2Sa 5:9, we read that David built round about from the Millo and inward, or (in the Septuagint, Septuagint) "he fortified it, the city, round about from the Millo and his house" (compare
Millo
(Heb. always with the article, “the” Millo). (1.) Probably the Canaanite name of some fortification, consisting of walls filled in with earth and stones, which protected Jerusalem on the north as its outermost defence. It is always rendered Akra i.e., “the citadel”, in the LXX. It was already existing when David conquered Jerusalem (2 Sam. 5:9). He extended it to the right and left, thus completing the defence of the city. It was rebuilt by Solomon (1 Kings 9:15, 24; 11:27) and repaired by Hezekiah (2 Chr. 32:5).
(2.) In Judg. 9:6, 20 it is the name of a rampart in Shechem, probably the “tower of Shechem” (9:46, 49).
(a rampart, mound) a place in ancient Jerusalem. Both name and place seem to have been already in existence when the city was taken from the Jebusites by David. (2 Samuel 5:9; 1 Chronicles 11:8) Its repair or restoration was one of the great works for which Solomon raised his "levy," (1 Kings 9:15,24; 11:27) and it formed a prominent part of the fortifications by which Hezekiah prepared for the approach of the Assyrians. (2 Chronicles 32:5) The last passage seems to show that "the Milo" was part of the "city of David," that is, of Zion. Comp. (2 Kings 12:20)
The Hebrew word יָרַד (yarad) means to come or go down, covering various contexts such as descending from mountains, going to battle, or sinking in water. It can also refer to divine manifestations descending or being prostrated. The word has different forms including Qal, Hiphil, and Hophal, which indicate various nuances of bringing down or being brought down.
יָרַד 380 vb. come or go down, descend
Qal 306
come or go down
go down (usu. from mountain or hill-country into plain), to battle
go down to (acc.) threshing-floor
go down (abs.) from Palestine to Egypt
from Jerusalem
from altar
go down
= sink, in water
go down to She’ôl
fig. going down (dissolving) in tears
= be prostrated
of divine manifestations: descend
of inanimate things
Hiph.
cause to come or go down
bring down
send down rain = cause to flow down
= lay prostrate to (acc.) threshing-floor
bring down to She’ôl
take down (from cart)
let down
Hoph.
be brought down
be taken down
base
H3381 יָרַד come or go down, descend .. . come or go down
. go down (usu. from mountain or hill-country into plain), to battle
. go down to (acc.) threshing-floor
. go down (abs.) from Palestine to Egypt
. from Jerusalem
. from altar
. go down
. = sink, in water
. go down to She’ôl
. fig. going down (dissolving) in tears
. = be prostrated
. of divine manifestations: descend
. of inanimate things
. . cause to come or go down . bring down
. send down rain = cause to flow down
. = lay prostrate to (acc.) threshing-floor
. bring down to She’ôl
. take down (from cart)
. let down
. . be brought down
. be taken down
3381 yarad yaw-rad'
a primitive root; to descend (literally, to go downwards; or
conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary,
the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); causatively, to
bring down (in all the above applications); -X abundantly,
bring down, carry down, cast down, (cause to) come(-ing) down,
fall (down), get down, go(-ing) down(-ward), hang down, X
indeed, let down, light (down), put down (off), (cause to,
let) run down, sink, subdue, take down.
יָרַד (ya.rad) — to go down.
1) to go down, descend, decline, march down, sink down
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to go or come down
1a2) to sink
1a3) to be prostrated
1a4) to come down (of revelation)
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to bring down
1b2) to send down
1b3) to take down
1b4) to lay prostrate
1b5) to let down
1c) (Hophal)
1c1) to be brought down
1c2) to be taken down
HTd/Vqrmsa — Particle · verb qal participle (active) masculine singularHTd/Vqrmsa
סִלָּא word in (unintelligible) design. loc. 2 K 12:21
ref
H5538 סִלָּא
5538 Cilla' sil-law'
from 5549; an embankment; Silla, a place in
Jerusalem:--Silla.
see HEBREW for 05549
סִלָּא (sil.la) — Silla.
§ Silla = "a highway"
the scene of the murder of king Joash of Judah
HNpl — Noun properHNpl
sil'-a (cilla'; Codex Vaticanus Galla; Codex Alexandrinus Gaallad): Joash was assassinated by his servants "at the house of Millo, on the way that goeth down to Silla" (2Ki 12:20). Wherever Beth-millo stood, Silla was evidently in the valley below it; but nothing is known of what it was or where it stood.
Silla
A highway; a twig, only in 2 Kings 12:20. If taken as a proper name (as in the LXX. and other versions), the locality is unknown.
(a highway). "The house of Millo which goeth down to Silla" was the scene of the murder of King Joash. (2 Kings 12:20) What or where Sills was is entirely matter of conjecture. Some have suggested the pool of Siloam.
exalting