2 Kings 13:9 — Word Study
WLCוַיִּשְׁכַּ֤ב יְהֽוֹאָחָז֙ עִם־ אֲבֹתָ֔יו וַֽיִּקְבְּרֻ֖הוּ בְּשֹׁמְר֑וֹן וַיִּמְלֹ֛ךְ יוֹאָ֥שׁ בְּנ֖וֹ תַּחְתָּֽיו׃ פ
BSAAnd JehoahazYᵉhôwʼâchâz [Ahaziah, Jehovah has seized] restedshâkab▸ [slept, lay down] withʻim his fathersʼâb [ancestors, predecessors] and was buriedqâbar▸ [interred, laid to rest] in SamariaShômᵉrôwn [the capital city of the northern kingdom of Israel, watch mountain] And his sonbên [descendant, offspring] JehoashYôwʼâsh [Joash, given by the Lord] reignedmâlak▸ [ruled, governed] in his placetachath [stead, position, underneath him]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וַיִּשְׁכַּ֤ב | and he lay down | Verb, Qal, sequential imperfect third person masculine singular |
| יְהֽוֹאָחָז֙ | Jehoahaz | Noun proper masculine |
| עִם־ | with | Preposition |
| אֲבֹתָ֔יו | ancestors his | Noun common feminine plural construct, suffix |
| וַֽיִּקְבְּרֻ֖הוּ | and people buried him | Verb qal sequential imperfect third person masculine plural, suffix |
| בְּשֹׁמְר֑וֹן | in Samaria | Preposition, noun proper |
| וַיִּמְלֹ֛ךְ | and he became king | Verb, Qal, sequential imperfect third person masculine singular |
| יוֹאָ֥שׁ | Joash | Noun proper masculine |
| בְּנ֖וֹ | son his | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| תַּחְתָּֽיו׃ פ | in place of him | Noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | And Jehoahaz rested with his fathers and was buried in Samaria. And his son Jehoash reigned in his place. |
| KJV | And Jehoahaz slept with his fathers; and they buried him in Samaria: and Joash his son reigned in his stead. |
| ASV | And Jehoahaz slept with his fathers; and they buried him in Samaria: and Joash his son reigned in his stead. |
| YLT | And Jehoahaz lieth with his fathers, and they bury him in Samaria, and reign doth Joash his son in his stead. |
| WEB | Jehoahaz slept with his fathers; and they buried him in Samaria; and Joash his son reigned in his place. |
| BBE | And Jehoahaz went to rest with his fathers, and was put into the earth in Samaria; and Joash his son became king in his place. |
Where they part company is in the details of the burial and succession — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence consists of a main clause followed by a prepositional phrase and another main clause, indicating a clear sequence of events.
4 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Trapp, Ellicott & more — read them ›
clause
subjectיְהוֹאָחָז
verbשָׁכַב
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 2 Kings 13:9
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Reign of Jehoahazgenerated
2 Kings 13:9 describes the death of Jehoahaz, a king of Israel, who rested with his ancestors and was buried in Samaria. This passage marks a transition in leadership, as his son Jehoash succeeded him as king. The surrounding verses provide insight into Jehoahaz's reign and the context of his actions, which are further explored in the narratives of the Kings of Israel.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 Kings 13:13 | And Jehoash rested with his fathers, and Jeroboam succeeded him on the throne. Jehoash was buried in Samaria with the kings of Israel. |
| 2 | 2 Kings 10:35 | And Jehu rested with his fathers and was buried in Samaria, and his son Jehoahaz reigned in his place. |
| 3 | 1 Kings 14:13 | All Israel will mourn for him and bury him. For this is the only one belonging to Jeroboam who will receive a proper burial, because only in him has the LORD, the God of Israel, found any good in the house of Jeroboam. |
| 4 | 2 Kings 13:10 | In the thirty-seventh year of the reign of Joash over Judah, Jehoash son of Jehoahaz became king of Israel in Samaria, and he reigned sixteen years. |
| 5 | 2 Kings 14:8 | Then Amaziah sent messengers to the king of Israel Jehoash son of Jehoahaz, the son of Jehu. “Come, let us meet face to face,” he said. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 5 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — יִּשְׁכַּ֤ב, yish.Kavgenerated
The verb שָׁכַב (shakab) means 'to lie down' and encompasses a variety of meanings, including resting, sleeping, and even dying. In this context, it signifies the end of Jehoahaz's life as he rests with his fathers.
The parsing indicates that it is a sequential imperfect verb in the third person masculine singular, which shows that this action is part of a narrative sequence describing Jehoahaz's death.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The verse is rendered in the Berean Standard Bible as 'And Jehoahaz rested with his fathers and was buried in Samaria.' The KJV and ASV agree with this wording, maintaining the same structure.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb is יִּשְׁכַּ֤ב, he lay down, which governs the sentence. The structure includes a prepositional phrase indicating with whom he rested, followed by a clause about his burial and another clause about his son's reign.
The order emphasizes the sequential nature of events: first Jehoahaz's death, then his burial, and finally the succession of Jehoash.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates יִּשְׁכַּ֤ב as ἐκοιμήθη, meaning 'he was put to sleep.' This choice highlights the finality of death, aligning with the Hebrew meaning while also introducing a nuance of divine rest.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
2 Kings 13:9 tells us that Jehoahaz died and was buried in Samaria. His son Jehoash then became king. This verse marks the end of one king's reign and the beginning of another, showing the continuity of leadership in Israel.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
This phrase indicates that Jehoahaz has died and is now at rest, joining his ancestors in death.
Jehoash, also known as Joash, was the son of Jehoahaz and became king of Israel after his father's death.
Samaria was the capital of the northern kingdom of Israel, and being buried there signifies Jehoahaz's status as a king and his connection to the nation.
This verse serves as a transition point in the narrative, moving from Jehoahaz's reign to that of his son Jehoash, illustrating the ongoing history of Israel's kings.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What can we learn from the reign of Jehoahaz about leadership and legacy?
- How does the transition from Jehoahaz to Jehoash reflect the continuity of God's plan for Israel?
- What significance does burial in a specific location hold in the context of ancient Israelite culture?
- In what ways can we reflect on our own legacies and the impacts we leave behind?
Commentators on this verse — 4 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 2 Kings 13:9 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd Jehoahaz slept with his fathers,.... Died, as they did: and they buried him in Samaria; where Omri, and all the kings of Israel, that descended from him, were buried: and Joash his son reigned in
Read John Gill on 2 Kings 13 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd Jehoahaz slept with his fathers; and they buried him in Samaria: and Joash his son reigned in his stead. No JFB commentary on this verse.
Read Robert Jamieson on 2 Kings 13 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments2 Kings 13:9 And Jehoahaz slept with his fathers; and they buried him in Samaria: and Joash his son reigned in his stead.Ver. 9. And Jehoahaz slept.] See 1 Kings 16:28.
Read John Trapp on 2 Kings 13 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(9) Slept with his fathers.—Or, lay down (i.e., to sleep) like his fathers, i.e., as his fathers had done before him. The same phrase is used even of Amaziah, who came to a violent end (2 Kings 14:22).
Read Charles John Ellicott on 2 Kings 13 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
And Jehoahaz rested with his fathers and was buried in Samaria. And his son Jehoash reigned in his place.
Jehoahaz slept with his fathers; and they buried him in Samaria; and Joash his son reigned in his place.
And Jehoahaz rested with his fathers and was buried in Samaria. And his son Jehoash reigned in his place.
Jehoahaz passed away and was buried in Samaria. His son Joash replaced him as king.
Tyndale line
And Jehoahaz slept with his fathers; and they buried him in Samaria: and Joash his son reigned in his stead.
And Jehoahaz slept with his fathers; and they buried him in Samaria: and Joash his son reigned in his stead.
And Jehoahaz slept with his fathers; and they buried him in Samaria: and Joash his son reigned in his stead.
And Jehoahaz slept with his fathers; and they buried him in Samaria: and Joash his son reigned in his stead.
And Iehoahaz slept with his fathers, and they buried him in Samaria, and Ioash his sonne reigned in his steade.
Strictly literal
And Jehoahaz slept with his fathers, and they buried him in Samaria; and Joash his son reigned in his stead.
And Jehoahaz lieth with his fathers, and they bury him in Samaria, and reign doth Joash his son in his stead.
And Jehoahaz lies with his fathers, and they bury him in Samaria, and his son Joash reigns in his stead.
And Jehoachaz slept with his fathers; and they buried him in Samaria: and Joash his son became king in his stead.
So Jehoahaz slept with his ancestors, and they buried him in Samaria. Johoash his son became king in his place.
From the Latin
And Joachaz slept with his fathers, and they buried him in Samaria: and Joas his son reigned in his stead.
Simplified
Jehoahaz died and was buried in Samaria. His son Jehoash succeeded him as king.
And Jehoahaz went to rest with his fathers, and was put into the earth in Samaria; and Joash his son became king in his place.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree on the wording of this verse, with the Septuagint providing a direct correspondence to the Hebrew text. There are no significant variations between the two.
וַיִּשְׁכַּ֤ב יְהֽוֹאָחָז֙ עִם־ אֲבֹתָ֔יו וַֽיִּקְבְּרֻ֖הוּ בְּשֹׁמְר֑וֹן וַיִּמְלֹ֛ךְ יוֹאָ֥שׁ בְּנ֖וֹ תַּחְתָּֽיו׃ פ
10 of the 10 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 2 Kings 13:9
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Hebrew word שָׁכַב (shakab) is a primitive root meaning 'to lie down.' It covers a range of meanings including resting, lodging, engaging in sexual relations, and lying down in death. The word appears in various forms, such as Qal, Niphal, Pual, Hiphil, and Hophal, indicating different nuances of lying down. Notably, it can also figuratively mean to relax.
שָׁכַב 212 vb. lie down
Qal
lie down
= lodge (for night)
of sexual relations, lie with
lie down in death
esp. in phr. lie down with his fathers
fig. = relax
Niph. Pu. = be lain with (sexually; subj. women), only as Qr for Kt [שָׁגֵל] Niph. Pu. q.v.
Hiph. lay
Hoph. laid
base
H7901 שָׁכַב lie down .. lie down
. = lodge (for night)
. of sexual relations, lie with
. . lie down in death
. esp. in phr. lie down with his fathers
. fig. = relax
. Pu. = be lain with (sexually; subj. women), only as Qr for Kt [שָׁגֵל] Niph. Pu. q.v.
. lay
. laid
7901 shakab shaw-kab'
a primitive root; to lie down (for rest, sexual connection,
decease or any other purpose):--X at all, cast down,
((lover-))lay (self) (down), (make to) lie (down, down to
sleep, still with), lodge, ravish, take rest, sleep, stay.
שָׁכַב (sha.khav) — to lie down: lay down.
: lay_down/lie_with
1) to lie down
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to lie, lie down, lie on
1a2) to lodge
1a3) to lie (of sexual relations)
1a4) to lie down (in death)
1a5) to rest, relax (fig)
1b) (Niphal) to be lain with (sexually)
1c) (Pual) to be lain with (sexually)
1d) (Hiphil) to make to lie down
1e) (Hophal) to be laid
שָׁכַב (sha.khav) — to lie down: sleep.
: sleep/rest
1) to lie down
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to lie, lie down, lie on
1a2) to lodge
1a3) to lie (of sexual relations)
1a4) to lie down (in death)
1a5) to rest, relax (fig)
1b) (Niphal) to be lain with (sexually)
1c) (Pual) to be lain with (sexually)
1d) (Hiphil) to make to lie down
1e) (Hophal) to be laid
שָׁכַב (sha.khav) — to lie down: have sex.
: have_sex
1) to lie down
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to lie, lie down, lie on
1a2) to lodge
1a3) to lie (of sexual relations)
1a4) to lie down (in death)
1a5) to rest, relax (fig)
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person masculine singularHc/Vqw3ms
יְהוֹאָחָז (Yhow'achaz) means "Jehovah has seized" and refers to three kings in the Old Testament: one from Judah, the son of Josiah; another from Israel, the son of Jehu; and a third from Judah, the son of Jehoram. The name is built from elements meaning Jehovah and to seize, highlighting its significance in the context of leadership during the Divided Monarchy.
יְהוֹאָחָז, יְוֹאָחָז n.pr.m. (י׳ hath grasped)
king of Judah, son of Josiah
king of Isr., son of Jehu
king of Judah, son of Jehoram of Judah
father of יוֹאָח Josiah’s chronicler
base
H3059 יְהוֹאָחָז, יְוֹאָחָז
3059 Yhow'achaz yeh-ho-aw-khawz'
from 3068 and 270; Jehovah-seized; Jehoachaz, the name of
three Israelites:--Jehoahaz. Compare 3099.
see HEBREW for 03068
see HEBREW for 0270
see HEBREW for 03099
יְהוֹאָחָז (ye.ho.a.chaz) — Jehoahaz.
A king of the Kingdom of Israel, living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Ki.10.35;
son of: Jehu (H3058H);
father of: Joash (H3101J); also called Joahaz at 2Ki.14.1;
Also named: yo.a.chaz (יוֹאָחָז "Joahaz" H3099H)
§ Jehoahaz = "Jehovah has seized"
1) a king of Judah and son of Josiah
2) a king of the northern kingdom of Israel and son of Jehu
3) a king of Judah and son of Jehoram (Ahaziah)
יְהוֹאָחָז (ye.ho.a.chaz) — Jehoahaz.
A king of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Ki.23.30;
son of: Josiah (H2977) and Hamutal (H2537);
brother of: Zedekiah (H6667H);
half-brother of: Jehoiakim (H3079) and Shallum (H7967J); also called Johanan at 1Ch.3.15(?);
§ Jehoahaz = "Jehovah has seized"
1) a king of Judah and son of Josiah
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
je-ho'-a-haz, je-ho-a'-haz (yeho'achaz, "Yah has grasped"; Ioachas; 2Ki 13:1-9):
(1) Son of Jehu, and 11th king of Israel. He is stated to have reigned 17 years.
1. Chronology of Reign:
Josephus was already aware (Ant., IX, viii, 5) of the chronological difficulty involved in the cross-references in 2Ki 13:1 and 10, the former of which states that Jehoahaz began to reign in the 23rd year of Jehoash of Jerusalem, and reigned 17 years; while the latter gives him a successor in Jehoash's 37th year, or 14 years later. Josephus alters the figure of 13:1 to 21; and, to meet the same difficulty, the Septuagint (Aldine edition) changes 37 to 39 in 13:10. The difficulty may be met by supposing that Jehoahaz was associated with his father Jehu for several years in the government of the country…
Jehoahaz
Jehovah his sustainer, or he whom Jehovah holdeth. (1.) The youngest son of Jehoram, king of Judah (2 Chr. 21:17; 22:1, 6, 8, 9); usually Ahaziah (q.v.).
(2.) The son and successor of Jehu, king of Israel (2 Kings 10:35). He reigned seventeen years, and followed the evil ways of the house of Jeroboam. The Syrians, under Hazael and Benhadad, prevailed over him, but were at length driven out of the land by his son Jehoash (13:1-9, 25).
(3.) Josiah’s third son, usually called Shallum (1 Chr. 3:15). He succeeded his father on the throne, and reigned over Judah for three months (2 Kings 23:31, 34). He fell into the idolatrous ways of his predecessors (23:32), was deposed…
(whom the Lord sustains). The son and successor of jehu, reigned 17 years, B.C. 856-840, over Israel in Samaria. His inglorious history is given in (2 Kings 13:1-9) Throughout his reign, ver. (2 Kings 13:22) he was kept in subjection by Hazael king of Damascus. Jehoahaz maintained the idolatry of Jeroboam; but in the extremity of his humiliation he besought Jehovah, and Jehovah gave Israel a deliverer --probably either Jehoash, vs. (2 Kings 13:23) and 2Kin 13:25 Or Jeroboam II., (2 Kings 14:24,25) Jehoahaz, otherwise called Shallum, son of Josiah, whom he succeeded as king of Judah. He was chosen by the people in preference to his elder (comp. (
1. Son and successor of Jehu king of Israel, B. C. 856, reigned seventeen years. In punishment for his sins and those of his people, Israel was invaded and reduced to great extremities by the Syrians under Hazael and Benhadad. The king humbled himself before God, and deliverance came by the hand of Joash his son, 2Ki 13:19,25
2. Also called Shallum, 1Ch 3:15, the third son and the successor of Josiah king of Judah, B. C. 609, reigned about three months in Jerusalem. He was deposed by the king of Egypt, 2Ki 23:30-34 2Ch 36:1-4. See also Jer 22:10-13 Eze 19:3.
עִם (im) is a preposition meaning 'with' and covers a range of relationships, including companionship, locality, and possession. It can imply actions done jointly, equality, or even opposition in contexts like combat. The related form מֵעִם (me.im) means 'from with' or 'beside.' The entries reflect various nuances but do not present significant disagreement.
עִם prep. with
of fellowship and companionship
of aid
Of actions done jointly with another
If the common action be of the nature of a contest or combat, with in the sense of against
Of dealing with a person, or of the relation in which one stands with, or towards, another
Of a common lot together with the wicked
Of equality or resemblance generally aid
Of time, as long as
Of a locality, close to, beside
Of persons, עִם is spec.
in the house or family or service of
In possession of
In the custody or care of
Beside = except
With = friendly with
Idiom. of a thought or purpose present with one
Metaph. together with = in spite of, notwithstanding
base
מֵעִם 72 from with or beside
base
H5973a עִם with . of fellowship and companionship
. Of a locality, close to, beside
. Of persons, עִם is spec. . in the house or family or service of
. In possession of
. In the custody or care of
. Beside = except
. With = friendly with
. Idiom. of a thought or purpose present with one
. Metaph. together with = in spite of, notwithstanding
H5973b מֵעִם from with, beside
5973 `im eem
from 6004; adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction
with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with;
often with prepositional prefix (and then usually
unrepresented in English):--accompanying, against, and, as (X
long as), before, beside, by (reason of), for all, from
(among, between), in, like, more than, of, (un-)to,
with(-al).
see HEBREW for 06004
עִם (im) — with.
1) with
1a) with
1b) against
1c) toward
1d) as long as
מֵעִם (me.im) — from with.
1a) beside, except
1b) in spite of
Prep — PrepositionHR
אָב (av) means 'father' and encompasses various roles such as the literal father of an individual, God as the father of His people, and the head of a household or clan. It can also refer to an ancestor, originator of a profession, or a figure of respect and protection. Notably, it can imply a ruler or chief in later contexts.
אָב 1101 n.m. father
father of individual
of God as father of his people
head of household, family or clan
ancestor
originator or patron of a class, profession, or art
fig. of producer, generator
fig. of benevolence & protection
term of respect & honor
specif., ruler, chief (late)
base
H1 אָב father . father of individual
. of God as father of his people
. head of household, family or clan
. ancestor
. originator or patron of a class, profession, or art
. fig. of producer, generator
. fig. of benevolence & protection
. term of respect & honor
. specif., ruler, chief (late)
1 'ab awb
a primitive word; father, in a literal and immediate, or
figurative and remote application):--chief,
(fore-)father(-less), X patrimony, principal. Compare names
in "Abi-".
אָב (av) — father.
1) father of an individual
2) of God as father of his people
3) head or founder of a household, group, family, or clan
4) ancestor
4a) grandfather, forefathers - of person
4b) of people
5) originator or patron of a class, profession, or art
6) of producer, generator (fig.)
7) of benevolence and protection (fig.)
8) term of respect and honour
9) ruler or chief (spec.)
Also means: av (אַב "father" H0002)
אָב (av) — (Huram)-abi.
A man living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.7.13; also called Huram-abi (KJV: "Huram my father's") at 2Ch.2.13; 4.16;
Combined with chi.ram (חִירָם "Hiram" H2438H)
אָב (av) — father of.
The father of Gibeon, also known as Abiel - a man of the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Sa.9.1;
son of: Zeror (H6872C); married to Maacah (H4601N);
N-mp | Suff — Noun common feminine plural construct · suffixHNcfpc/Sp3ms
קָבַר (qabar) is a Hebrew verb meaning 'to bury.' It has several forms, including Qal (to bury), Niphal (to be buried), Piel (to bury in masses), and Pual (to be buried). The entries indicate its use in various contexts, including a reference to Genesis 25:10.
קָבַר 132 vb. bury
Qal 86 bury
Niph. 39 be buried
Pi. bury (in masses)
Pu. Gn 25:10.
base
H6912 קָבַר bury
6912 qabar kaw-bar'
a primitive root; to inter:--X in any wise, bury(-ier).
קָבַר (qa.var) — to bury.
1) to bury
1a) (Qal) to bury
1b) (Niphal) to be buried
1c) (Piel) to bury, bury (in masses)
1d) (Pual) to be buried
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp | Suff — Verb qal sequential imperfect third person masculine plural · suffixHc/Vqw3mp/Sp3ms
שִׁמְרוֹן (Shomrown) refers to Samaria, the capital of the northern kingdom of Israel established during Omri's reign. The name is derived from a root meaning 'watch-station' or 'watch mountain.' It denotes both the city and the surrounding region, which played a significant role in the history of Israel after the kingdom split.
שִׁמְרוֹן 109 n.pr.loc. capital of N. Isr. from Omri's time
base
H8111 שִׁמְרוֹן capital of N. Isr. from Omri's time
8111 Shomrown sho-mer-one'
from the active participle of 8104; watch-station; Shomeron,
a place in Palestine:--Samaria.
see HEBREW for 08104
שֹׁמְרוֹן (sho.me.ron) — Samaria.
§ Samaria = "watch mountain"
1) the region of northern Palestine associated with the northern kingdom of the 10 tribes of Israel which split from the kingdom after the death of Solomon during the reign of his son Rehoboam and were ruled by Jeroboam
2) the capital city of the northern kingdom of Israel located 30 miles (50 km) north of Jerusalem and 6 miles (10 km) northwest of Shechem
Prep | N-proper — Preposition · noun properHR/Npl
Samaria
A watch-mountain or a watch-tower. In the heart of the mountains of Israel, a few miles north-west of Shechem, stands the “hill of Shomeron,” a solitary mountain, a great “mamelon.” It is an oblong hill, with steep but not inaccessible sides, and a long flat top. Omri, the king of Israel, purchased this hill from Shemer its owner for two talents of silver, and built on its broad summit the city to which he gave the name of “Shomeron”, i.e., Samaria, as the new capital of his kingdom instead of Tirzah (1 Kings 16:24). As such it possessed many advantages. Here Omri resided during the last six years of his reign. As the result of an unsuccessful war with Syria, he appears to have been obliged to grant to the Syrians the right to “make streets in Samaria”, i.e., probably permission to the Syrian merchants to carry on their trade…
(watch mountain). This city is situated 30 miles north of Jerusalem and about six miles to the northwest of Shechem, in a wide basin-shaped valley, six miles in diameter, encircled with high hills, almost on the edge of the great plain which borders upon the Mediterranean. In the centre of this basin, which is on a lower level than the valley of Shechem, rises a less elevated hill, with steep yet accessible sides and a long fiat top. This hill was chosen by Omri as the site of the capital of the kingdom of Israel. He "bought the hill of Samaria of Shemer for two talents of silver, and built on the hill, and called the name of the city which he built, after the name of the owner of the hill, Samaria." (1 Kings 16:23,24) From the that of Omri’s purchase, B.C. 925, Samaria retained its dignity as the capital of the ten tribes, and the…
1. One of the three divisions of the Holy Land in the time of our Savior, having Galilee on the north and Judea on the south, the Jordan on the east and the Mediterranean on the west, and occupying parts of the territory assigned at first to Ephraim, Mahasseh, and Issachar, Lu 17:11 Joh 4:4. It is described as having its hills less bare than those of Judea, and its valleys and plains more cultivated and fruitful. See CANAAN. Many gospel churches were early planted here, Ac 8:1,25 9:31 15:3.
2. A city situated near the middle of Palestine, some six miles northwest of Shechem. It was built by Omri king of Israel, about 920 B. C., and named after Shemer the previous owner of the mountain or hill on which the city stood, 1Ki…
watch-mountain
מָלַךְ (malak) is a Hebrew verb meaning to reign, become king or queen, or to counsel. It encompasses various forms, including Qal (to reign), Hiphil (to make someone king), and Niphal (to consider). The word appears in contexts related to royalty and governance, with a notable reference in Daniel 9:1 for its use in the passive form.
H4427a מָלַךְ vb. denom. be, or become king, or queen, reign H4427b מָלַךְ counsel, advise—only Niph. Impf.
4427 malak maw-lak'
a primitive root; to reign; inceptively, to ascend the
throne; causatively, to induct into royalty; hence (by
implication) to take counsel:--consult, X indeed, be (make,
set a, set up) king, be (make) queen, (begin to, make to)
reign(-ing), rule, X surely.
מָלַךְ (ma.lakh) — to reign.
1) to be or become king or queen, reign
1a) (Qal) to be or become king or queen, reign
1b) (Hiphil) to make one king or queen, cause to reign
1c) (Hophal) to be made king or queen
מָלַךְ (ma.lakh) — to advise.
1) to counsel, advise
1a) (Niphal) to consider
Aramaic equivalent: me.lakh (מְלֵךְ "counsel" H4431)
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person masculine singularHc/Vqw3ms
King
Is in Scripture very generally used to denote one invested with authority, whether extensive or limited. There were thirty-one kings in Canaan (Josh. 12:9, 24), whom Joshua subdued. Adonibezek subdued seventy kings (Judg. 1:7). In the New Testament the Roman emperor is spoken of as a king (1 Pet. 2:13, 17); and Herod Antipas, who was only a tetrarch, is also called a king (Matt. 14:9; Mark 6:22).
This title is applied to God (1 Tim. 1:17), and to Christ, the Son of God (1 Tim. 6:15, 16;
"a chief ruler, one invested with supreme authority over a nation, tribe or country." --Webster. In the Bible the word does not necessarily imply great power or great extent of country. Many persons are called kings whom we should rather call chiefs or leaders. The word is applied in the Bible to God as the sovereign and ruler of the universe, and to Christ the Son of God as the head and governor of the Church. The Hebrews were ruled by a king during a period of about 500 years previous to the destruction of Jerusalem, B.C. 586. The immediate occasion of the substitution of a regal form of government for that of judges seems to have been the siege of Jabesh-gilead by Nahash king of the Ammonites. (1 Samuel 11:1; 12:12) The conviction seems to have forced itself on the Israelites that they could not resist their formidable neighbor…
The Hebrew word יוֹאָשׁ (*yo'ash*) refers to Joash, a name associated with several figures in the Old Testament. It is derived from a root meaning 'given by the Lord.' Notably, it identifies the 8th king of Judah, the 12th king of Israel, and the father of Gideon, among others. The entries consistently highlight these connections without significant disagreement.
יְהוֹאָשׁ, יוֹאָשׁ n.pr.m. (י׳ is strong)
king of Judah, son of Ahaziah
king of Israel, son of Jehoahaz
father of Gideon
a prince of Ahab’s house
one of David’s heroes
a Judaite prince
base
H3101 יְהוֹאָשׁ, יוֹאָשׁ
3101 Yow'ash yo-awsh'
or Yoash (2 Chron. 24:1) {yo-awsh'}; a form of 3060; Joash,
the name of six Israelites:--Joash.
see HEBREW for 03060
יוֹאָשׁ (yo.ash) — Joash.
A man living before Israel's Monarchy, first mentioned at Jdg.6.11;
father of: Gideon (H1439)
§ Joash = "given by the Lord"
1) son of king Ahaziah and the 8th king of Judah
2) son of king Jehoahaz and the 12th king of the northern kingdom of Israel
3) father of Gideon
4) a son of king Ahab
5) a descendant of Shelah the son of Judah; either the son of Shelah or the son of Jokim
6) son of Shemaah of Gibeah who resorted to David at Ziklag
יוֹאָשׁ (yo.ash) — Joash.
A man of the Kingdom of Israel, living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ki.22.26;
son of: Ahab (H0256);
brother of: Ahaziah (H0274), Joram (H3141H) and Athaliah (H6271)
§ Joash = "given by the Lord"
1) son of king Ahaziah and the 8th king of Judah
2) son of king Jehoahaz and the 12th king of the northern kingdom of Israel
3) father of Gideon
4) a son of king Ahab
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Joash
Whom Jehovah bestowed. (1.) A contracted form of Jehoash, the father of Gideon (Judg. 6:11, 29; 8:13, 29, 32).
(2.) One of the Benjamite archers who joined David at Ziklag (1 Chr. 12:3).
(3.) One of King Ahab’s sons (1 Kings 22:26).
(4.) King of Judah (2 Kings 11:2; 12:19, 20). (See JEHOASH [1].)
(5.) King of Israel (2 Kings 13:9, 12, 13, 25). (See JEHOASH [2].)
(6.) 1 Chr. 7:8.
(7.) One who had charge of the royal stores of oil under David and Solomon (1 Chr. 27:28).
(to whom Jehovah hastens, i.e. to help), contracted from JEHOASH. Son of Ahaziah king of Judah (B.C. 884), and the only one of his children who escaped the murderous hand of Athaliah. After his father’s sister Jehoshabeath, the wife of Jehoiada the high priest, had stolen him from among the king’s sons, he was hidden for six years in the chambers of the temple. In the seventh year of his age and of his concealment, a successful revolution, conducted by Jehoiada, placed him on the throne of his ancestors, and freed the country from the tyranny and idolatries of Athaliah. For at least twenty-three years, while Jehoiada lived, his reign was very prosperous; but after the death of Jehoiada, Joash fell into the hands of bad advisers, at whose suggestion he revived the worship of Baal and Ashtaroth. When he was rebuked for this by Zechariah, the son of Jehoiada, Joash caused him to be stoned…
who despairs or burns
1. Son of Becher 1Ch 7:8
2. Keeper of the stores of oil 1Ch 27:28
3. Father of Gideon Jud 6:11,29,31; 7:14; 8:13,29-32
5. Also called JEHOASH
→ (Son of Ahaziah and king of Judah)
Saved from his grandmother by Jehosheba, his aunt, and hidden for six years 2Ki 11:1-3; 2Ch 22:11,12
Anointed king by the priest, Jehoiada 2Ki 11:12-21; 2Ch 23
בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.
בֵּן 4870 n.m. son
son, male child, born of a woman
children (male and female)
youth, young men
the young of animals
of plant shoots
fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
member of a guild, order or class
of animals son of (the) herd
ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
n. relat. of age
base
בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.
done
H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman
. children (male and female)
. youth, young men
. the young of animals
. of plant shoots
. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
. . member of a guild, order or class
. of animals son of (the) herd
. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
. n. relat. of age
H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son
1121 ben bane
from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the
widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,
including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,
etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)
(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,
(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,
bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X
came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of
first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +
kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)
people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +
spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous
one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
see HEBREW for 01129
see HEBREW for 01
see HEBREW for 0251
בֵּן (ben) — son: child.
: child/son
בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;
son of: Jaaziah (H3269);
brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)
§ Beno = "his son"
the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)
בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.
: descendant, people, tribe, nation
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : child/son
בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.
: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : descendant
בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.
: rebel/son(Belial)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : people/men/nation/tribe
בֵּן (ben) — son.
: [inheriting]son/heir
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.
: warrior/son(strong)
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp3ms
תַּחַת (tachath) refers to the concept of being underneath or below. It can function as a noun meaning 'the under part,' or as an adverb and preposition indicating position or substitution, such as 'instead of' or 'for the sake of.' The word encompasses various uses, including physical placement and metaphorical meanings related to subjection or exchange.
תַּחַת n.[m.] the under part, hence as adv. accus. and prep. underneath, below, instead of
base
H8478 תַּחַת the under part, hence as adv. accus. and prep. underneath, below, instead of
8478 tachath takh'-ath
from the same as 8430; the bottom (as depressed); only
adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix
underneath), in lieu of, etc.:--as, beneath, X flat,
in(-stead), (same) place (where...is), room, for...sake, stead
of, under, X unto, X when...was mine, whereas, (where-)fore,
with.
see HEBREW for 08430
תַּחַת (ta.chat) — underneath: under.
: under/below
1) the under part, beneath, instead of, as, for, for the sake of, flat, unto, where, whereas n m
1a) the under part adv accus
1b) beneath prep
1c) under, beneath
1c1) at the foot of (idiom)
1c2) sweetness, subjection, woman, being burdened or oppressed (fig)
1c3) of subjection or conquest
1d) what is under one, the place in which one stands
1d1) in one's place, the place in which one stands (idiom with reflexive pronoun)
1d2) in place of, instead of (in transferred sense)
1d3) in place of, in exchange or return for (of things mutually interchanged)
conj
1e) instead of, instead of that
1f) in return for that, because that in compounds
1g) in, under, into the place of (after verbs of motion)
1h) from under, from beneath, from under the hand of, from his place, under, beneath
תַּחַת (ta.chat) — underneath: instead.
: instead/in_place/exchange
Prep | Suff — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHNcmpc/Sp3ms