James 5:13 — Word Study
N1904Κακοπαθεῖ τις ἐν ὑμῖν; προσευχέσθω· εὐθυμεῖ τις; ψαλλέτω.
BSAIs suffering hardshipskakopatheō▸ [enduring hardship] anyonetis amongen you?su [among you, suffering evil] he should pray;proseuchomai▸ [let him, to God] Is cheerfuleuthumeō▸ [of good cheer, merry] anyone?tis [one] he should sing praises.psallō▸ [let him, psalms, songs of praise, to God]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| Κακοπαθεῖ | Is suffering hardships | Verb, present, active |
| τις | anyone | Indefinite pronoun, nominative, singular |
| ἐν | among | Preposition |
| ὑμῖν; | you? | Personal pronoun, second person, dative |
| προσευχέσθω· | he should pray; | Verb, present, no voice stated |
| εὐθυμεῖ | Is cheerful | Verb, present, active |
| τις; | anyone? | Indefinite pronoun, nominative, singular |
| ψαλλέτω. | he should sing praises. | Verb, present, active |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Is any one of you suffering? He should pray. Is anyone cheerful? He should sing praises. |
| KJV | Is any among you afflicted? let him pray. Is any merry? let him sing psalms. |
| ASV | Is any among you suffering? let him pray. Is any cheerful? let him sing praise. |
| YLT | Doth any one suffer evil among you? let him pray; is any of good cheer? let him sing psalms; |
| WEB | Is any among you suffering? Let him pray. Is any cheerful? Let him sing praises. |
| BBE | Is anyone among you in trouble? let him say prayers. Is anyone glad? let him make a song of praise. |
Where they part company is κακοπαθεῖ — see How Translations Differ.
The verse consists of two main questions, each followed by an imperative response, emphasizing the actions to take in different emotional states.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectτὶς
verbκακοπαθέω
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the New Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — ὁ, the commonest word in the Greek New Testament, stands 19,867 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — James 5:13
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Exhortations on Suffering and Joygenerated
James 5:13 addresses the Christian community, urging them to respond appropriately to their emotional and physical states. If someone is suffering, they are to pray; if they are cheerful, they should sing praises. This reflects the dual nature of human experience and the importance of turning to God in both trials and triumphs. The surrounding verses emphasize communal support and the role of prayer in healing, as seen in verses 14 and 15.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 Chronicles 33:12–13 | And in his distress, Manasseh sought the favor of the LORD his God and earnestly humbled himself before the God of his fathers. |
| 2 | Job 33:26 | He prays to God and finds favor; he sees God’s face and shouts for joy, and God restores His righteousness to that man. |
| 3 | Psalm 18:6 | In my distress I called upon the LORD; I cried to my God for help. From His temple He heard my voice, and my cry for His help reached His ears. |
| 4 | Psalm 50:15 | Call upon Me in the day of trouble; I will deliver you, and you will honor Me.” |
| 5 | Psalm 91:15 | When he calls out to Me, I will answer him; I will be with him in trouble. I will deliver him and honor him. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 30 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — Κακοπαθεῖ, kakopatheōgenerated
The verb κακοπαθέω (*kakopatheō*) means to endure hardships or suffer affliction. It is derived from the roots indicating suffering, and it emphasizes the experience of distress during trials. This word appears in contexts that highlight perseverance through difficulties, as seen in 2 Timothy 2:9.
In this verse, it is used in the present active indicative form, indicating an ongoing state of suffering. James encourages those who are experiencing such hardships to turn to prayer as a source of strength and comfort.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The verse is rendered in the Berean Standard Bible as: "Is any one of you suffering? He should pray. Is anyone cheerful? He should sing praises." The BSB uses suffering and cheerful, which aligns with the original Greek.
Different translations offer variations: afflicted (KJV) and in trouble (BBE) for κακοπαθεῖ, while merry (KJV) contrasts with cheerful (ASV, BSB). The translations agree on the call to prayer and singing.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The verse consists of two main clauses, each beginning with an interrogative phrase: τις (anyone) introduces both conditions of suffering and cheerfulness. The finite verbs Κακοπαθεῖ (is suffering) and εὐθυμεῖ (is cheerful) govern their respective clauses.
Each clause has an imperative verb: προσευχέσθω (he should pray) and ψαλλέτω (he should sing praises), indicating the actions that should follow the conditions presented.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
κακοπαθέω does not appear in the Septuagint, but its Hebrew counterpart can be related to various terms describing suffering or affliction. This connection emphasizes the continuity of the concept of enduring hardship throughout the biblical narrative.
The use of προσεύχομαι in the Septuagint corresponds to Hebrew terms for prayer, highlighting the tradition of seeking God in times of distress, as seen in Psalm 50:15.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
James 5:13 encourages believers to pray when they are suffering and to sing praises when they are cheerful. This verse emphasizes the importance of turning to God in all circumstances, whether in hardship or joy.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
To suffer here refers to enduring hardships or afflictions, encouraging believers to seek God's help through prayer.
Singing praises is a way to express joy and gratitude to God, acknowledging His goodness and blessings.
Prayer provides comfort, strength, and a connection to God, helping believers endure their hardships with faith.
The verse suggests singing praises, which can include hymns, psalms, or any form of worship that expresses joy to God.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- In what ways can I incorporate prayer into my daily life, especially during difficult times?
- How can I encourage others to turn to God in their suffering?
- What songs of praise resonate with me when I feel cheerful?
- How can I create a supportive community that prays together in times of need?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early Church Fathers comment on the practical implications of this verse, highlighting the importance of prayer and praise in the Christian life.
What should you do when you are in trouble? Call on God. And what should you do when you are happy? Praise him.Early Church Fathers on James 5 →
Is anyone among you afflicted? Let him pray. Is anyone cheerful? Let him sing psalms. Is anyone among you sick? Let him call for the elders of the church, and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord,Early Church Fathers on James 5 →
Is anyone among you in trouble? etc. He who previously forbade brothers to groan to each other under trials now demonstrates what should be done in contrast.Early Church Fathers on James 5 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on James 5:13 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleIs any among you afflicted?.... As the people of God generally are; they are commonly a poor, and an afflicted people; at least there are many among them that are so, and many are their afflictions:
Read John Gill on James 5 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryIs any among you afflicted? let him pray. Is any merry? let him sing psalms. Afflicted , [ kakopathei (G2553)] - 'evil treated:' "suffering affliction" (James 5:10). Let him pray - not "swear" in rash impatience. Merry - in mind.
Read Robert Jamieson on James 5 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleIs any among you afflicted? either troubled or afflicted in mind, as appears by the opposite being merry, or more generally afflicted any way. Not that we need not pray at other times, but when under afflictions God calls us more especially to it, and our own necessities put us upon it. Let him pray; for support, patience, sanctification of afflictions, &c. Is any merry? let him sing psalms; express his mirth in a holy manner, by praising God with psalms or spiritual songs for mercies received from him, ; and so keep up his spiritual mirth by a spiritual exercise, lest his cheerfulness degenerate into vanity and frothiness.
Read Matthew Poole on James 5 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments13 Is any among you afflicted? let him pray. Is any merry? let him sing psalms. Ver. 13. Is any among you afflicted?] Any one may, for grace is no target against affliction. Let him pray] Not only because prayer is suitable to a sad disposition, but because it is the conduit of comfort, and hath virtutem pacativam, a settling efficacy. Besides there is no time for hearing of prayers like the time of affliction. Then the saints may have anything of God with reason, for then his heart is turned within him, his repentings are kindled together, Hosea 11:8. See Zechariah 13:9; Psalms 91:15. Then it was that Lot had Zoar given him; David, the lives of his enemies; Paul, all the souls in the ship…
Read John Trapp on James 5 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(13) We now pass on to advice of different kinds—to the heavy-laden or light-hearted, to the suffering and afflicted. Prayer is to be the refuge of one, praise the safeguard of another; the whole life is to revolve, as it were, around the throne of God, whether in the night of grief or day of joy. Let him pray.—No worthier comment can be found than Montgomery’s hymn— “Prayer is the burden of a sigh, The falling of a tear, The upward glancing of an eye, When none but God is near.” Long petitions, or many, cannot be always made; mind and body may be too weak and ill; but ejaculations—“Arrows of the Lord’s deliverance,” as Augustine called them, “shot out with a sudden quickness”—these are…
Read Charles John Ellicott on James 5 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 13. Is any among you afflicted? let him pray] The Jews taught that the meaning of the ordinance, Leviticus 13:45, which required the leper to cry, Unclean! unclean! was, "that thus making known his calamity, the people might be led to offer up prayers to God in his behalf," Sota, page 685, ed. Wagens. They taught also, that when any sickness or affliction entered a family, they should go to the wise men, and implore their prayers. Bava bathra, fol. 116, 1. In Nedarim, fol. 40, 1, we have this relation: "Rabba, as often as he fell sick, forbade his domestics to mention it for the first day; if he did not then begin to get well, he told his family to go and publish it in the highways…
Read AdamClarke on James 5 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges13–16. Affliction—Sickness—Confession13. Is any among you afflicted, let him pray …] The precepts point to the principle that worship is the truest and best expression of both sorrow and joy. In affliction men are not to groan or complain against others, or murmur against God, but to pray for help and strength and wisdom. When they are “merry” (better, of good cheer) they are not to indulge in riotous or boastful mirth, but to “sing psalms.” The verb is used by St Paul (Romans 15:9; 1 Corinthians 14:15; Ephesians 5:19). Primarily it was used of instrumental string music, but, as in the word “Psalm,” had been transferred to the words of which that music was the natural accompaniment. It is…
Read Cambridge on James 5 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleIs any among you afflicted? - By sickness, bereavement, disappointment, persecutions, loss of health or property.
Read Albert Barnes on James 5 →The verse in English, compared — 16 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Is any one of you suffering? He should pray. Is anyone cheerful? He should sing praises.
Is any among you suffering? Let him pray. Is any cheerful? Let him sing praises.
Is any one of you suffering? He should pray. Is anyone cheerful? He should sing praises.
Is anyone among you suffering? He should pray. Is anyone in good spirits? He should sing praises.
Tyndale line
Is any among you afflicted? let him pray. Is any merry? let him sing psalms.
Is any among you suffering? let him pray. Is any cheerful? let him sing praise.
Is any among you suffering? let him pray. Is any cheerful? let him sing praise.
Is any among you afflicted? let him pray. Is any cheerful? let him sing psalms.
Is any among you afflicted? Let him pray. Is any merie? Let him sing.
Strictly literal
Does any one among you suffer evil? let him pray. Is any happy? let him sing psalms.
Doth any one suffer evil among you? let him pray; is any of good cheer? let him sing psalms;
Does anyone suffer evil among you? Let him pray; is anyone of good cheer? Let him sing psalms;
Is anyone among you suffering hardship? Let him pray. Is anyone cheerful? Let him sing praise.
From the Latin
Is any of you sad? Let him pray. Is he cheerful in mind? Let him sing.
Simplified
Are any of you suffering? You should pray. Are some of you cheerful? You should sing songs of praise.
Is anyone among you in trouble? let him say prayers. Is anyone glad? let him make a song of praise.
Word by word, the decisions they made
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the Nestle 1904 treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The earliest translations — Latin and Syriac
Every translation is an argument about meaning made by someone who had to commit to one. These two were made while the Greek was still a living language, and they are the oldest opinions we have about what this verse says.
Tristatur aliquis vestrum ? oret. Æquo animo est ? psallat.
Jerome revised the Old Latin against the Greek from AD 382; the Latin west read this text for a thousand years.
ܘܐܢ ܐܢܫ ܡܢܟܘܢ ܢܗܘܐ ܒܐܘܠܨܢܐ ܢܗܘܐ ܡܨܠܐ ܘܐܢ ܚܕܐ ܢܗܘܐ ܡܙܡܪ
The Bible of the Syriac-speaking church, in the language nearest to the Aramaic Jesus spoke.
Shown verse by verse rather than word by word: aligning a Greek word to its Latin or Syriac counterpart automatically would be guesswork, and a wrong alignment is worse than none.
The Greek editions compared — what the manuscripts actually say
Eight printed editions of the Greek New Testament, side by side. Where they agree the wording is settled; where a word is missing from an edition it is marked, so you can see the difference rather than take it on trust.
Κακοπαθεῖ τις ἐν ὑμῖν; προσευχέσθω· εὐθυμεῖ τις; ψαλλέτω.
The standard critical text of the New Testament.
Κακοπαθεῖ τις ἐν ὑμῖν; προσευχέσθω· εὐθυμεῖ τις; ψαλλέτω.
The previous edition, still widely cited.
Κακοπαθεῖ τις ἐν ὑμῖν; προσευχέσθω· εὐθυμεῖ τις; ψαλλέτω.
The Society of Biblical Literature edition, freely licensed.
Κακοπαθεῖ τις ἐν ὑμῖν; προσευχέσθω· εὐθυμεῖ τις; ψαλλέτω.
The edition that turned scholarship toward the earliest manuscripts.
Κακοπαθεῖ τις ἐν ὑμῖν; προσευχέσθω· εὐθυμεῖ τις; ψαλλέτω.
An independent critical text built from the oldest witnesses then known.
Κακοπαθεῖ τις ἐν ὑμῖν; προσευχέσθω· εὐθυμεῖ τις; ψαλλέτω.
A recent critical edition following documentary evidence closely.
Κακοπαθεῖ τις ἐν ὑμῖν; προσευχέσθω· εὐθυμεῖ τις; ψαλλέτω.
The reading of the majority of surviving manuscripts.
Κακοπαθεῖ τις ἐν ὑμῖν; προσευχέσθω· εὐθυμεῖ τις; ψαλλέτω.
The printed tradition behind the King James Version.
A witness that read differently would show its variant word here, marked.
Word by word, across the editions
Every edition agrees. All 8 printed editions — Nestle-Aland 28, Nestle-Aland 27, SBLGNT, Westcott-Hort, Tregelles, Tyndale House 2017, Textus Receptus (KJV), Byzantine majority — carry every word of this verse, in the same order, with no difference that any translator would render differently.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Greek New Testament — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in James 5:13
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Greek lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. Imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, the full Liddell-Scott-Jones, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate LSJ, Robinson and Packard on the Greek, Webster and Cawdrey on the English the translators were using. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
The Greek word κακοπαθέω (*kakopatheō*) means to suffer or endure hardship and affliction. It is built from the root for suffering and covers the experience of distress or trouble, particularly in the context of enduring trials. In the New Testament, it appears in 2 Timothy and James, where it emphasizes the importance of perseverance through difficulties.
κακοπαθέω, -@; 1 aor. impv. 2 sing. κακοπάθησον; (καxomabns); to suffer (endure) evils (hardship, troubles); to be afflicted: 2 Tim. ii. 9; Jas. v.13 [W. § 41 a. 3 fin.; cf. §60,4c¢.; B.§ 139, 28], (Sept. Jon. iv. 10; Xen., Plut., al.); used freq. of the hardships of military service (Thue. 4, 9; Polyb. 8, 72,5; Joseph. antt. 10, 11,1; b. if 1, 7,4); hence elegantly κακοπάθησον (1, Τ Tr WH ovyΓΤ WH συν- (q. v. fin.) ] κακοπάθησονῚ) ὡς καλὸς στρατιώτης, 2 Tim. ii. 8; ib. iv.5. [Comp.: συγ-κακοπαθέω.}
κακοπαθέω. The only exx. we can quote from our sources of this verb, whose formation Thumb (Dia/. p. 373) ascribes to Ionic influence, are P Lond 98 recto” (i/ii A.D.) (=I. p. 130) κακοπαθήσεται καὶ ξενιτεύει, and the mantic P Ryl I. 28% (iv/a.p.) ἐὰν ἄλληται (μηρὸς εὐώνυμος) σκυλμοὺς Kal πόνους δηλοῖ κακοπαθήσαντα δὲ εὐφρανθῆναι. See also Teles (ed. Hense) p. 61° κακοπαθῶν καὶ δαπανῶν, Musonius p. 28° πόσα δ᾽ ad κακοπαθοῦσιν ἔνιοι θηρώμενοι δόξαν.
κακοπαθέω (kakopatheō) — to endure.
κᾰκοπαθ-έω,
future -παθήσομαι[Refs 1st c.AD+]: perfect κεκακοπάθηκα [Refs 4th c.BC+]:—to be in ill plight, be in distress, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; πολλὰ κ. [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; τινι by or from a thing, τοῦ Χωρίου τῇ ἀπορίᾳ [Refs 5th c.BC+]; of sickness, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. σώματι suffer in body, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; of plants or trees, [Refs 4th c.BC+]
κακοπαθέω
kakopatheo
from the same as 2552; to undergo hardship:--be afflicted, endure
afflictions (hardness), suffer trouble.
see GREEK for 2552
κακοπαθέω
v.
I suffer evil, endure affliction
κακοπαθέω kakopatheō 3x
to suffer evil or afflictions, 2 Tim. 2:9; to be afflicted, troubled, dejected, Jas. 5:13; in NT to show endurance in trials and afflictions, 2 Tim. 4:5*
κακοπαθέω κα^κοπα^θέω, φυτ. -ήσω to suffer ill, to be in ill plight, be in distress, Thuc., Xen., etc.
from κα^κοπα^θής
Verb-PAI-3S — Verb · present · active · indicative · third person · singularpresent active indicative — an action in progress.
V-PAI-3S Part of Speech: Verb Tense: Present Voice: Active Mood: Indicative Person: third Number: Singular
3 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 3 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 3 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
οὔτε πονηρὸς αὐτὸς οὔτε τοιούτους ἐσομένους ἐγέννησεν ἀλλὰ χρηστὸς ὢν καὶ πειραθῆναι τοιούτων οὐχὶ δίκαιος καὶ νῦν μὲν ἀποδημούντων ταῖς ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν φροντίσι κακοπαθεῖ, πυθόμενος δὲ ἀπολωλότας καὶ τὴν αἰτίαν οὐχ ὑπομενεῖ ἀλλὰ διὰ ταύτην πολὺ μᾶλλον…
δὲ μόνον τεθάμνικα· ὁ δὲ vestiges … αι μου οὐ τεθεώρηκεν· ἀλλὰ ἐγὼ αὐτὸς κακοπαθῶ … η … ν ἵνα μηδὲ ἐν τόπωι μνιθι μα … … … ἐγὼ
ἔχω τὰ παρά σου γράμματα διʼ ὧν ἐσήμαινες περὶ τῆς … να μοι οὐ κακοπαθεῖ α … εἰσὶν ἐν Ἡρακλέους πόλει … ω ἕως γενόμενος· σήμερον οὖν τεύξομαι
ἐπʼ αὐτῆς βιούμενος ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν. καὶ οὐχὶ μόνον, ἀλλὰ δὲ εἰς ἀσθενείας βαλλόμενος κακοπαθῶ καὶ … ον … … ς τοῦ παρόντος. ὅπερ δὲ δέον, ὦ τιμιώτατοι ὑμεῖς
τὶς is an enclitic indefinite pronoun meaning 'someone' or 'something.' It can refer to a certain person or object and appears in both singular and plural forms, such as τινός and τινες. The New Testament uses it in various contexts, including Luke 9:49 and Acts 5:25. It is related to the interrogative pronoun τίς, indicating its flexible use in questions and statements.
τὶς, τὶ. ἘΣ what follows, εἰ καί lays less emphasis upon it; although it is evident that εἰ καί can often be substituted for καὶ ei.” Cf. Herm. Vig. p. 829 sq.; W. 444 (413); Ellic. on Phil. ii. 17; Schmalfeld, Griech. Syntax, § 41; Paley, Grk. Particles, p. 31]. 8. εἰ μή, a. in a conditional protasis, with the same sequence of moods and tenses as the simple εἰ, see 1. above, if not, unless, except, [W. 477 (444) sqq.; B. 345 (297)]: Mt. xxiv. 22; Jn. ix. 33; | xv. 22, 24; Ro. vii. 7, ete. b. it serves, with the entire. following sentence, to limit or correct what has just been said, only, save that, (Lat. nisi quod), [B. 359 (308) ]: Mk. vi. 5; 1 Co. vii. 17 (where Paul by the addition εἰ μὴ ἑκάστῳ κτλ. strives to prevent any one in applying what had been said a little while before, viz. οὐ δεδούλωται . . ἐν τοιούτοις to his own case, from going too far) ; in ironical answers, unless…
Read the full entry →τις (indef. pron.), ‘* someone, something’’: P Vat ΑἸ (B.c. 168) (= UPZi. p. 303) πᾶς τις πειρᾶται. . ., P Lond 421° (B.C. 168) (= Selections, p. 10) εἰς πᾶν τι ἐληλυθυῖα διὰ, τὴν τοῦ σίτου τιμήν, ‘having come to the last extremity because of the high price of corn,’’ P Oxy IV. 7421° (B.c. 2) ἐάν τι δύνῃ... δὸς ἐργασίαν, “if you can, give your attention to it’’ (Edd.), 2d. I. 120% (iv/a.D.) τινα ὁρῶντα αἱαυτὸν (/. ἑαυτὸν) ἐν δυστυχίᾳ, ““α man finding himself in adversity,’ 13 ἀποστῖλόν pot τινα ἢ Γοῦνθον ἢ ᾿Αμμώνιον, “send someone to me, either Gunthus or Ammonius” (Edd.). P Oxy VI. 937°" (ili/A.D.) γ]ράψον ἐκεῖ TO kat’ εἶδος ὅτι τι kal τι εἴληφας is translated by the editors ‘* write the list there, that you have received so and so.” They 3) ες remark that it is simpler to take τι καί τι as analogous to τὸ καὶ τό than ‘‘to take τί kal τί as an indirect interrogative, ὅτι being…
Read the full entry →τις (tis) — one.
τις,
τι, Indef. pronoun any one, any thing, enclitic through all cases (for exceptions see below):—but τί; τί; Interrog. pronoun who? what?, oxytone in the monosyllable cases, paroxytone in the others:—Dialectal forms: [Refs 5th c.AD+] σις (si se) [Refs 4th c.AD+] σις (with ?? for σ) [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Thess. κις [Refs], neuter κι in διεκί, ποκκί (which see); neuter plural Doric dialect σά, Boeotian dialect τά, Aeolic dialect dative τίω, τίοισι (see. infr. B). (I.-[Refs 5th c.BC+] q[uglide]i-, cf. Latin quis, quid, etc.; for σά, τά, see at {ἄσσα}, σά μά; with τέο (see. infr. B) cf. OSlav. genitive česo)
__A Indef. pronoun τις, τι, genitive Ionic dialect τεο [Refs 8th c.BC+]; more frequently τευ [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Trag. and Attic dialect του [Refs 5th c.BC+]; του is rare after [NT+4th…
τὶς
tis
an enclitic indefinite pronoun; some or any person or object:--a (kind
of), any (man, thing, thing at all), certain (thing), divers, he
(every) man, one (X thing), ought, + partly, some (man, -body, -
thing, -what), (+ that no-)thing, what(-soever), X wherewith,
whom(-soever), whose(-soever).
τις, τι
Indef.pr.
any one, some one
τις tis 534x
enclitic, indefinite pronoun, a certain one, someone, Mt. 12:47; pl. some, certain, several, Lk. 8:2; Acts 9:19; 2 Pet. 3:16; one, a person, Mt. 12:29; Lk. 14:8; Jn. 6:50; combined with the name of an individual, one, Mk. 15:21; as it were in a manner, a kind of, Heb. 10:27; Jas. 1:18; any whatever, Read the full entry →
Indef-NSM — Indefinite pronoun · nominative · singular · masculinenominative — the one doing it — the subject.
Agrees with anything else marked singular masculine.
X-NSM Part of Speech: indefinite pronoun Case: Nominative Number: Singular Gender: Masculine
542 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 35 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 530 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Every reference is on the Strong's page.
Counted over the 121 Old Testament verses where this Greek word stands: which Hebrew word keeps standing there too. A correspondence of verses rather than a word-by-word alignment, so read the percentage as strength of evidence, not as a claim about any single verse.
καὶ γὰρ λόγον καὶ ἀκοὴν ὑπερβάλλει μείζω καὶ σεμνότερα ὄντα ἢ ὡς θνητοῦ τινος ὀργάνοις ἐναρμοσθῆναι.
ὅτι λιμοῦ τὴν Χαναναίαν καταλαβόντος εἰς Αἴγυπτον ἀπῆρε καὶ διατρίψας ἐν αὐτῇ τινα χρόνον ὑπέστρεψεν ὀπίσω.
πλήρης εἰμὶ ὁλοκαυτωμάτων, καὶ στέαρ ἀρνῶν καὶ αἷμα ταύρων καὶ τράγων οὐ βούλομαι, οὐδ̓ ἂν ἔρχησθε ὀφθῆναί μοι, τίς γὰρ ἐξεζήτησεν ταῦτα ἐκ τῶν χειρῶν ὑμῶν;
ἂν ὦσι γείτονες πάντοθεν· μὴ ἐξέστω δὲ τῷ καθόλου ἐπὶ τὴν διαθήκην ταύτην ἄλλῳ τινὶ ἐπέρχεσθαι, εἰ δὲ μὴ ἄκυρον ἔστω καὶ προσαποτεισάτω ὁ ἐπιφέρων ὕστερον … ἄλλον τῆς
προγεγραμμένου ἵππου, καὶ μὴ ἐπελεύσεσθαί σοι ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ. ἐὰν δὲ ἐπέλθωμεν ἢ ἄλλος τις ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν ἥ τʼ ἔφοδος ἄκυρος ἔσται καὶ προσαποτείσομέν σοι χαλκοῦ τάλαντα πέντε.
σημαινομένης ἀρούρης μιᾶς , καὶ μὴ ἐπελεύσασθαι Νεχθανοῦπιν καὶ τοὺς τούτου υἱοὺς μηδʼ ἄλλον τινὰ τῶν παρʼ αὐτῶν ἐπὶ τὸν Πετεαρσεμθεία μηδʼ ἐπʼ ἄλλον τινὰ τῶν παρʼ αὐτοῦ περὶ
The most frequent preposition in the New Testament, 2,752 occurrences. In, on, at, among, within — its force comes almost entirely from the word it is attached to. What it does here is put the events inside a community rather than at a distance: they were fulfilled among us.
ἐν,
prep, (the most freq. of all in NT), c. dat. (= Heb. בְּ, Lat. in, c. abl.).
Of place, c. dat. rei, pers., in, within, on, at, by, among: ἐν τ. πόλει, Lk 7:37; τ. οφθαλμῷ, Mt 7:3; τ. κοιλίᾳ, Mt 12:40; τ. ὄρει, II Pe 1:18; τ. θρόνῳ, Re 3:21; τ. δεξιᾷ τ. θεοῦ, Ro 8:34; ἐν ἡμῖν , Lk 1:1; of books, ἐν τ. βιβλίῳ, Ga 3:10; τ. νόμῳ, Mt 12:5, al.; ἐν τοῖς τ. Πατρός, in my Father's house (RV; cf. M, Pr., 103)…
Read the full entry →ἐν Χριστῷ, ἐν Χριστῷ ᾿Ιησοῦ, ἐν κυρίῳ, (οἴ. Fritzsche, Com. on Rom. vol. ii. p. 82 544.; W. 389 (364); Weiss, Bibl. Theol. des N. T. §§ 84 b., 149 c.), ingrafied as it were in Christ, in fellowship and union with Christ, with the Lord: Ro. iii. 24; vi. 11, 23; viii. 39; 1Co.i.4; 2 Co. iii. 14; Gal. ii. 4; iii. 14, 26, 28; v. 6; Eph.i. 3 [Rec. om. ἐν]; ii. 6 sq. 10,13; 1 Tim.i.14; 2 Tim.i. 1,13; ii-1; 1 Pet. iii. 16; v.10; στήκειν ἐν κυρίῳ, Phil. iv. 1; iva εὑρεθῶ ἐν αὐτῷ, that I may be found (by God and Christ) most intimately united to him, Phil. iii. 9; εἶναι ἐν Χριστῷ "Inc. 1 Co. i. 30; οἱ ἐν Xp. "Ina. Ro. viii. 1; 1 Pet. v. 14; κοιμᾶσθαι ἐν Χριστῷ, θνήσκειν ἐν κυρίῳ, to fall asleep, to die, mindful of relationship to Christ and confiding in it [W. u.s.], 1 Co. xv. 18; Rey. xiv. 13. Since such union with Christ is the basis on which actions and virtues rest, the expression is…
Read the full entry →ἐν 210 contract—time of Augustus) ἱμάτια γυναικεῖα ἐν apyv(plov) δραχμαῖς ἑκατόν, P Oxy IV. 7247 (A.D. 155) ἐξ ὧν ἔσχες τὴν πρώτην δόσιν ἐν δραχμαῖς τεσσαράκοντα, 70. I. 565 (A.D. 211) δανειζομένη. .. ἀργύριον ἔντοκον ἐν δραχμαῖς ἑξακισχειλίαις, and P Grenf II. 778 (iii/iv a.p.) (=Selections, Pp. 120) το]ὺς μισθοὺς. . ὄντας ἐν δραχμαῖς τριακοσίαις τεσσαράκοντα. Similar are P Oxy IV. 7084 (a.p. 188) yopou . . ἐν (1vpod)(apraBats) ’B, BGU 1. 724 (a.p. 191) ἐξέκοψαν πλεῖστον τόπον ἐν ἀρούραις πέντε: with which may be compared Eph 2!° τὸν νόμον τῶν ἐντολῶν ἐν δόγμασιν, “consisting in.” In P Lond 9215 (ii/iii a.p.) (ΞΞ 111. P- 134) γεγονέναι ἐν ἀμπέλῳ = ‘to be planted with vines.” A predicative use of ἐν is seen in P Hib I. 421° (B.c. 262) δώσομεν Λευκίωι ἐν ὀφειλήματι, ‘asa debt,” P Petr I. 1215 (cf. II. p. 22) ὅσα δὲ ᾿Αξιοθέα προσενήνεγκται ἐμ φερνῆι, “ἐᾷς dowry,” and P Tebt I. 120 135…
Read the full entry →ἐν (en) — in/on/among.
ἐν,
poetry ἐνί, εἰν, εἰνί [Refs 8th c.BC+], forms used by Epic dialect and Lyric Poets as the metre requires, but only as falsa lectio in Trag., εἰν [Refs 5th c.BC+] ἰν [Refs]
__PREP. WITH DAT. AND ACC. Radical sense, in, into.
__A WITH DAT.
__A.I OF PLACE,
__A.I.1 in, νήσῳ ἐν ἀμφιρύτῃ [Refs 8th c.BC+]; with names of cities or islands, as ἐν Ἀθήνῃς, ἐν Τροίῃ, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; where ἐν is used, it = in the district of.., ὲν Ἐλευσῖνι [Refs] in my arms, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐν αὑτῷ εἶναι to be in one's senses, be oneself, ἔτ᾽ ἐν σαυτῷ (variant -τοῦ) γενοῦ [Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A.I.1.b ἐν τοῖς ἰχθύσιν in the fish-market, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; so ἐν τοῖν δυοῖν ὀβολοῖν ἐθεώρουν ἄν in the two-obol seats, [Refs 4th…
ἐν
en
a primary preposition denoting (fixed) position (in place, time or
state), and (by implication) instrumentality (medially or
constructively), i.e. a relation of rest (intermediate between 1519
and 1537); "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.:--about, after, against, +
almost, X altogether, among, X as, at, before, between, (here-)by (+
all means), for (... sake of), + give self wholly to, (here-)in(-to,
-wardly), X mightily, (because) of, (up-)on, (open-)ly, X outwardly,
one, X quickly,
X shortly, (speedi-)ly, X that, X there(-in, -on),
through(-out), (un-)to(-ward), under, when, where(-with), while,
with(-in). Often used in compounds, with substantially the same
import; rarely with verbs of motion, and then not to indicate
direction, except (elliptically) by a separate (and different)
preposition.
see GREEK for 1519
see GREEK for 1537
ἐν
Prep.
in, on, among
ἐν en 2x
followed by the dat., in, Mt. 8:6; Mk. 12:26; Rev. 6:6,; upon, Lk. 8:32; among, Mt. 11:11; before, in the presence of, Mk. 8:38; in the sight, estimation of, 1 Cor. 14:11; before, judicially, 1 Cor. 6:2; in, of state, occupation, habit, Mt. 21:22; Lk. 7:25; Rom. 4:10; in the case of,
ἐν
e)nprepe)ni/prep ei)nprep ei)ni/prep in, among. c. dat.
Lat. in.
PREP. WITH DAT.:
OF PLACE
in, ἐν νήσῳ, ἐν Τροίῃ, etc., Hom., etc.:—elliptic, ἐν Ἀλκινόοιο (sc. οἴκῳ) Od.; εἰν Ἀΐδαο Il.; ἐν παιδοτρίβου at the school of the training master, Ar.
in, upon, ἐν οὔρεσι Hom., etc.
in the number of, amongst, ἐν Δαναοῖς, etc., Hom.; and with Verbs of ruling, ἄρχειν, ἀνάσσειν ἐν πολλοῖς to be first or lord among many, i. e. over them, id. Hom.; cf. ὁ, τό B. III. 3.
in one's hands, within one's reach or power, Lat. penes, Hom., etc.; ἐν σοὶ γάρ ἐσμεν Soph.; ἐν τῷ θεῷ τὸ τέλος ἦν Dem.
in respect of, ἐν γήρᾳ in point of age, Soph.
Prep — Prepositionpreposition — its sense depends on the case of the word it governs.
PREP PREPosition
AMONG',
AMONGST', preposition [Gr. See Mingle.]
1. In a general or primitive sense, mixed or mingled with; as tares among wheat.
2. Conjoined or associated with, or making part of the number.
Blessed art thou among women. Luke 1:1.
3. Of the number; as, there is not one among a thousand, possessing the like qualities.
{ A‐mong″ , A‐mongst″ , } prep. [OE. amongist, amonges, amonge, among, AS. onmang, ongemang, gemang, in a crowd or mixture. For the ending -st see Amidst. See Mingle.] 1. Mixed or mingled; surrounded by.
They heard,
And from his presence hid themselves among
The thickest trees.
Milton.
2. Conjoined, or associated with, or making part of the number of; in the number or class of.
Blessed art thou among women.
Luke i. 28.
3. Expressing a relation of dispersion, distribution, etc.; also, a relation of reciprocal action.
What news among the merchants?
Shak.
2,833 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 36 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 2,743 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
3 inflected forms — one of the commonest words in the New Testament. Full distribution →
σύ is the second-person singular pronoun meaning 'you' in Greek. It has various forms: genitive σοῦ, dative σοί, and accusative σέ. The word can be used for emphasis or contrast, particularly in the New Testament, as seen in verses like Matthew 26:64. It also appears in various dialects and has enclitic forms.
σύ,
pron. of 2nd pers.,
thou, you, gen., σοῦ, dat., σοί, acc., σέ, pl., ὑμεῖς, -ῶν, -ῖν, -ᾶς (enclitic in oblique cases sing., except after prep. (BL, §48, 3), though πρὸς σέ occurs in Mt 25:39). Nom. for emphasis or contrast: Jo 1:30, 42 4:10 5:33, 39, 44, Ac 4:7, Eph 5:32; so also perhaps σὺ εἶπας, Mt 26:64, al. (M, Pr., 86); before voc., Mt 2:6, Lk 1:76, Jo 17:5, al.; sometimes without emphasis (M, Pr., 85f.), as also
Read the full entry →σύ, pron. of the second pers. (Dor. and Aeol. τύ, Boeot. Tov), gen. σοῦ, dat. σοί, ace. σέ (which oblique cases are enclitic, unless a preposition precede; yet πρός σε is written [uniformly in Ree. (exe. Mt. xxvi. 18), in Grsb. (exe. Jn. xxi. 22, 23), in Treg. (exc. Mt. xxvi. 18; Acts xxiii. 30), in Lchm. (exe. Mt. xxvi.18; Jn. xvii. 11, 13; xxi. 22, 23; Acts xxiii. 30), in Tdf. (exe. Mt. xxvi. 18; Lk. i. 19; Jn. xvii. 11, 13; Jn. xxi. 22; Acts xxiii. 18, 30; 1 Tim. iii. 14; Tit. iii. 12); also by WH in Mt. xxv. 39], see ἐγώ, 2; Lipsius, Grammat. Untersuch. p. 62 sq. [W. §6, 3; B. 31 (27)]); plur. ὑμεῖς, εἴς. : Lat. tu, ete., vos, ete.; thou, ete., ye,ete. The nominatives ov and ὑμεῖς are expressed for emphasis — before a vocative, as σὺ Βηθλεέμ, Mt. ii. 6; σὺ παιδίον (Leian. dial. deor. 2, 1), Lk. i. 76; add, Jn. xvii. 5; Acts i. 24; 1 Tim. vi. 11, etc.; ὑμεῖς of Φαρισαῖοι, Lk. xi. 39…
Read the full entry →σύ (su) — you.
σύ [ῠ],
thou: pronoun of the second person:—Epic dialect nominative τύνη [ῡ] [Refs 8th c.BC+] (Laconian dialect τούνη [Refs 5th c.AD+]; Aeolic dialect σύ [Refs 7th c.BC+]; Doric dialect τύ [ῠ] [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Boeotian dialect τού [short syllable] [Refs 6th c.BC+] (also τούν [Refs]σύ, [Refs 8th c.BC+]—Gen. σοῦ, [Refs], elsewhere only Attic dialect, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; enclitic σου, [Refs 8th c.BC+] (also in Lyric poetry, [Refs 8th c.BC+] (which also occurs in Lyric poetry, [Refs 7th c.BC+], and as enclitic σευ, [Refs 8th c.BC+], σεο (enclitic) [Refs] σευ (enclitic) [Refs]:—Doric dialect τεῦ, τευ, [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; rarely τέο, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Boeotian dialect τεῦς [Refs 6th c.BC+]; Doric dialect τεοῦς [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τοι variant in [Refs]; enclitic τεος [Refs 5th c.BC+]; other Doric dialect forms are τίω, τίως, both [Refs 3rd c.BC+]—Dat. σοί, [Refs 8th c.BC+]…
Read the full entry →σύ
su
the person pronoun of the second person singular; thou:-- thou. See
also 4571, 4671, 4675; and for the plural 5209, 5210, 5213, 5216.
see GREEK for 4675
see GREEK for 4571
see GREEK for 4671
see GREEK for 5209
see GREEK for 5210
see GREEK for 5213
see GREEK for 5216
σύ, σοῦ, σοί, σέ
Pers.pr.
you
σύ sy 2x
you, gen., σοῦ, dat., σοί, acc., σέ, Mt. 1:20; 2:6
Pron-2DP — Personal pronoun · second person · dative · pluraldative — to, for, with — the one it is done to or by.
Agrees with anything else marked plural.
P-2DP Part of Speech: Personal pronoun Person: second Case: Dative Number: Plural
3,073 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 37 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 2,892 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
16 inflected forms — one of the commonest words in the New Testament. Full distribution →
Counted over the 450 Old Testament verses where this Greek word stands: which Hebrew word keeps standing there too. A correspondence of verses rather than a word-by-word alignment, so read the percentage as strength of evidence, not as a claim about any single verse.
„οὐ φυτεύσεις σεαυτῷ ἄλσος, πᾶν ξύλον παρὰ τὸ θυσιαστήριον κυρίου τοῦ θεοῦ σου οὐ ποιήσεις σεαυτῷ“ (Deuter.
παύσομαι δὲ τοῦ λοιποῦ μετὰ τοσαύτης ὀργῆς τὰς τιμωρίας ἐπὶ τοῖς ἀδικήμασιν εἰσπραττόμενος καὶ πολὺ μᾶλλον σοῦ παρακαλοῦντος.
Μεγάλων μὲν ὄντων καὶ πλουσίων τῶν τοῦ θεοῦ δικαιωμάτων εἰς ὑμᾶς, ὑπέρ τι καὶ καθ̓ ὑπερβολὴν ὑπερευφραίνομαι ἐπὶ τοῖς μακαρίοις καὶ ἐνδόξοις ὑμῶν πνεύμασιν: οὕτως ἔμφυτον τῆς δωρεᾶς πνευματικῆς χάριν εἰλήφατε.
τοῦ ἀποδοθῆι τὸν ἐπεσταλμένον ἡμῖν κατὰ μῆνα πυρὸν τοῖς παρʼ ἡμῶν. διʼ ἄλλων γεγράφαμεν ὑμῖν ὑπὲρ ὧν βουλόμεθα μηδεμιᾶς προσφωνήσεως προσπεπτωκυίας. ἑαυτῶν δὲ ἐπιμελόμενοι ἵνʼ ὑγιαίνητε, — ἔσμεν ἐν
η Φατρήους καὶ … χαίρειν καὶ ἐρρωμένοις διευτυχεῖν. ἐρρώμεθα δὲ καὶ αὐτοὶ ὑμῶν τὴν ἀρίστην μνείαν ποιούμενοι παρὰ τοῖς ἐν Πηλουσίωι θεοῖς. καλῶς ποιήσεις διαλύσας Ἁρκοννῆσιν καὶ
παρὰ Πετεύριος διεθέντος μου ὑπάρξει σοι εἰς στέφανον χαλκοῦ τάλαντα δεκάπεντε, τάλαντα ιε. εὐτύχει .
προσεύχομαι is a Greek verb meaning to pray, specifically directed towards God or gods. It is built from the roots meaning 'towards' and 'to vow.' The New Testament frequently uses this term in various contexts, including supplication and worship, as seen in verses like Matthew 6:5-7 and James 5:13. The entries do not present any significant disagreement.
προσ-εύχομαι,
[in LXX chiefly for פלל hith.;]
to pray (always of prayer to God, or in cl., to gods): absol., Mt 6:5-7, 9 14:23 19:13 26:36, 39, 41, 44, Mk 1:35 6:46 11:24, 25 13:33 (WH, R, txt., om.) Mk 14:32, 38, 39, Lk 1:10 3:21 5:16 6:12 9:18, 28, 29 11:1, 2 18:1, 10 22:44 (WH, R, mg., om.), Ac 1:24 6:6 9:11, 40 10:9, 30 11:5 12:12 13:3 14:23 16:25 20:36 21:5 22:17 28:8, I Co 11:4, 5 14:14, I Th 5:17, I Ti 2:8, Ja 5:13, 18; seq. λέγων,
προσ-εύχομαι; depon. mid.; impf. προσηυχόμην ; fut. προσεύξομαι; 1 aor. mpoonv&duny; [on the augm. see WH. App. p. 162; ef. Τὰ Proleg. p. 121]; fr. Aeschyl. and Hat. down ; Sept. for Sbann; to offer prayers, to pray, (everywhere of prayers to the gods, or to God [cf. δέησις, fin.]): absol., Mt. vi. 5-7, 9; xiv. 23; xxvi. 36,39, 44; Mk. i. 35; vi.46; xi. 24 sq.; xiii. 33 [ΠΤ WH om. Tr br. the el.]; xiv. [32], 39; Lk. i. 10; iii. 21; v.16; vi. 12; ix. 18, 28 sq-; xi. 1.54. : xviii. 1, 10; xxii. 44 [Τὸ br. WH reject the pass.]; Acts i. 24; vi. 6; ix 11. 40. χ 9.530. Kio ois xii. 12; xiii. 3; xiv. 23; xvi. 25; xx. 86; χχὶ. 5; xxii. 17; xxviii. 8; 1 Co. xi. 4 sq.3 xiv.14; 1 Th.v.17; 1 Tim. ii. 8; Jas. v. 13,18; foll. by λέγων and direct disc. containing the words of the prayer, Mt. xxvi. 39, 42; Lk. xxii.41; προσεύχ- with a dat. indicating the manner or instrument, 1 Co. xi.5 [W. $31, 7d.]…
Read the full entry →προσεύχομαι. An interesting ex. of this verb, which is always used of prayer to the gods or to God, is afforded by P Cairo Zen 59034 (B.C. 257). A certain Zoilos had been ordered by the god Sarapis to inform a high State official Apollonios that a temple should be erected to him. Zoilos neglected the charge and in consequence was thrown into a serious illness κινδυνεῦσαί [pe. But on praying to the god and promising to do his bidding he was healed—* προσευξάμενος δὲ] αὐ[τῶι, ἐ]άμ pe] ὑγιάσηι, διότι ὑπομενῶ τὴν ληιτοϊῃυρ)γίαν καὶ ποιή[σει]ν τὸ ὑφ᾽ αὑτοῦ προστασσόμενον (supply ὑγιάσθην). [An important commentary on the whole letter is supplied by Deissmann Zxf. VIII. xxiv. p. 420ff.J. Cf. Pretsigke 3740 (i/a.b.) ΓἌττηος προσεύχετα[ι] τοῖς
προσεύχομαι (proseuchomai) — to pray.
προσεύχομαι,
future -ξομαι[Refs 4th c.BC+]:—offer prayers or vows, θεοῖς [Refs 5th c.BC+]
2. with accusative, π. τὸν θεόν address him in prayer, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
3. absolutely, offer prayers, worship, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. γλώσσῃ, πνεύματι, νοΐ, [NT]
II. with accusative of things, pray for a thing, νίκην πολέμου [Refs 5th c.BC+]: c.infinitive, ἕλκειν τὸ βέδυ π. [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ζῆσαι προσεύχου pray for life, [Refs] with infinitive, [NT]; π. ἵνα.., περί τινων ὅπως, [NT]
προσεύχομαι
proseuchomai
from 4314 and 2172; to pray to God, i.e. supplicate, worship:--pray (X
earnestly, for), make prayer.
see GREEK for 4314
see GREEK for 2172
προσεύχομαι
v.
I pray, pray for
προσεύχομαι proseuchomai 85x
to pray, offer prayer, Mt. 5:44; 6:5, 6
προσεύχομαι fut. ξομαι Dep.:
to offer prayers or vows, Aesch., Eur., etc.
c. acc., πρ. τὸν θεόν to address him in prayer, Ar.
absol. to offer prayers, to worship, Hdt., Aesch., etc.
πρ. τι to pray for a thing, Xen.
Verb-PNM-3S — Verb · present · no voice stated · imperative · third person · singularpresent no voice stated imperative — an action in progress.
V-PNM-3S Part of Speech: Verb Tense: Present Voice: middle or passive depoNent Mood: iMperative Person: third Number: Singular
87 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 20 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 86 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Counted over the 44 Old Testament verses where this Greek word stands: which Hebrew word keeps standing there too. A correspondence of verses rather than a word-by-word alignment, so read the percentage as strength of evidence, not as a claim about any single verse.
Ἆρ’ οὖν, φησίν, ἐλεύσομαι μὲν ὁ ὀρθὸς λόγος, ἐγώ, ἀφίξεται δὲ καὶ ἡ τοῦ φιλομαθοῦς θιάσου [ψυχὴ] μήτηρ ὁμοῦ καὶ τροφός, ἀρετῶσα παιδεία, συντενοῦσι δὲ καὶ οἱ ἀμφοτέρων ἡμῶν ἔγγονοι καὶ στάντες ἀντικρὺς οὕτω κατὰ στοῖχον ἐν κόσμῳ τὰς χεῖρας ἐξάραντες…
ὁρῶντες οὖν τὸν Δανίηλον τρὶς τῆς ἡμέρας προσευχόμενον τῷ θεῷ πρόφασιν ἔγνωσαν εὑρηκέναι, διʼ ἧς ἀπολέσουσιν αὐτόν.
καλὸν οὖν ἐλεημοσύνη ὡς μετάνοια ἁμαρτίας: κρείσσων νηστεία προσευχῆς, ἐλεημοσύνη δὲ ἀμφοτέρων: ἀγάπη δὲ καλύπτει πλῆθος ἁμαρτιῶν, προσευχὴ δὲ ἐκ καλῆς συνειδήσεως ἐκ θανάτου ῥύεται.
μόνος, ἀλλὰ καὶ οἰκείους ἔχω ἵνα καὶ περὶ τοῦ βασιλέως καὶ τῆς σῆς ὑγιείας προσεύχωμαι. γέγραφα οὖν σοι ἵνα μὴ ἀλλότριος ἐμπέσηι, ἀλλʼ ἐγώ σοι ὑπάρχω. εὐτύχει.
ἴασιν λαμβάνω. δέομαι τῷ θεῷ δέομαι καὶ σοι μνήσθητί μου ἐν τῇ ἁγίᾳ σου προσευχῇ. εἰ καὶ ἐν σώματι οὐκ ἧκα παρὰ τοὺς πόδας σου ἐν πνεύματι ἧκα πρὸς
Σεραπίωνα ἀ … … Ταϩμουρού· ἀσπάζομαι Καπίτωνα· ἀσπάζομαι ὑμᾶς πάντας τοὺς ἀδελφούς μου, ὅπως προσεύχησθε περὶ ἐμοῦ. γράφω σοι, Νεφερῶς, προνοήσῃς τὸ μικρὸν … … ον γῆς, ὡς ἔρχομαι,
The Greek word εὐθυμέω (euthumeo) means to be cheerful or to make cheerful. It is built from the root related to good spirits and covers both transitive and intransitive uses, indicating actions of gladdening others or being in good cheer oneself. In the New Testament, it appears in Acts and James, where it encourages a positive outlook in challenging situations.
** εὐθυμέω, -ῶ
(< ὔθυμος),
[in Sm.: Ps 31 (32):11, Pr 15:15 * ;]
trans., to make cheerful (Æsch.).
Intrans. (Eur., Plut.; so mid. in Xen., Plat.), to be of good cheer: Ac 27:22, 25, Ja 5:13.†
εὐθυμέω, -@; (εὔθυιιος) ; 1. trans. to put in good spirits, gladden, make cheerful, (Aeschyl. in Plat. de rep. 2, 383 b.). Mid. to be of good spirits, to be cheerful, (Xen., Plat.). 2. intrans. to be joyful, be of good cheer, of good courage: Acts xxvii. 22, 25; Jas. v.13. (Eur. Cycel. 530; Plut. de tranquill. anim. 2 and 9.)
εὐθυμέω. P Amh II. 1334 (early ii/A.D.) περὶ τῆς κρειθ(ῆς) τῆς ἐνθάλλου εὐθύμει, πέπρακα γάρ, ‘don’t be anxious about the young barley, for I have sold it’ (Edd.), P Iand 1338 (iv/A.D.) ἵνα μετὰ χαρᾶς σε ἀπολάβωμεν καὶ εὐθυμῆσ[αι δυνώμεθά)] oe. The verb is common with ὑγιαίνω as an epistolary phrase, e.g. P Lips I. 111° (iv/a.p.) πρὸ μὲν [πά]ντων εὔχομαι TO ὑψίστῳ Θε[ῷ] περὶ τῆς σῆς ὑγίας καὶ ὁλοκληρίας, ἵνα ὑγιένοντά σε καὶ εὐθυμοῦντα ἀπολάβῃ τὰ παρ᾽ ἐμοῦ γραμματί[δ]ια : cf. P Lond 12447 (iv/A.p.) (= III. p. 244) παρακαλῶν τὸν θεὸν ἵνα σαι ἀπολάβω εὐθυμοῦντα καὶ εὐπυγμοῦντα καὶ ὁλοκληροῦντα, P Oxy XII. 1503" (iv/A.D.) εὐθυ]μοῦντί σαι (1. σοι) καὶ…
Read the full entry →εὐθυμέω (euthumeō) — be cheerful.
εὐθῡμ-έω,
to be of good cheer, [NT+5th c.BC+]: feminine dative plural present participle εὐθυμεύσαις [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; περὶ τῆς κριθῆς εὐθύμει do not be anxious about.., [Refs 2nd c.AD+]
II. transitive, cheer, delight, τινα [Refs 4th c.BC+]:—passive, to be cheerful, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
εὐθυμέω
euthumeo
from 2115; to cheer up, i.e. (intransitively) be cheerful; neuter
comparative (adverbially) more cheerfully:--be of good cheer (merry).
see GREEK for 2115
εὐθυμέω
v.
I am cheerful
εὐθυμέω euthumeō 3x
to be cheerful, be in good spirits, take courage, Acts 27:22, 25; Jas. 5:13*
εὐθυμέω εὐθυ_μέω, φυτ. -ήσω εὔθυμος to be of good cheer, Eur., Anth.:— to be gracious, Theocr.
trans. to make cheerful, cheer, delight, τινά Aesch.:—Pass. to be cheerful, Xen.
Verb-PAI-3S — Verb · present · active · indicative · third person · singularpresent active indicative — an action in progress.
V-PAI-3S Part of Speech: Verb Tense: Present Voice: Active Mood: Indicative Person: third Number: Singular
3 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 3 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 3 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
ἴσθι γε μήν, θεοὺς τοὺς ἐμοὶ πατρῴους καὶ τοὺς τοῖσδε ἐγχωρίους, οἳ τόνδε ἐπρυτάνευσαν ἡμῖν τὸν σίδηρον, ἐπομνύμενος λέξω τὰ πάντα οὔτε ἡδονῇ γλωσσάργῳ διδοὺς τὸν ἐπʼ αὐτοῖς λόγον οὔτε διακενῆς εὐθυμεῖν σε ἐσπουδακώς.
εὐχαριστῶ σοι ὅτι ἐδήλωσάς μοι τὴν ὑγιείαν σου. περὶ τῆς κριθῆς τῆς ἐν Θαλλοῦ εὐθύμει, πέπρακα γάρ. περὶ τῶν κεραμίων σου γράφω σοι ἵνʼ εἰδῇς ὅτι οὐκ ἀμελοῦμεν· ἠγοράκαμέν
τίς τινι εὐθυμεῖν. τῆς ἀπευκταίας μοι ἀγγελίας σημανθείσης περὶ τοῦ εὐμοίρου τινὸς πῶς ἠχθέσθην πανοικεσίᾳ οὐκ ἔχω
r Μενεσθιανὸς Ἀπολλωνιανῶι καὶ Σπαρτιάτῃ εὐθυμεῖν μάρτυρες οἱ θεοὶ ὡς πυθόμενος περὶ τοῦ κυρίου μου, υἱοῦ ὑμῶν, οὕτως ἠχθέσθην καὶ
τὶς is an enclitic indefinite pronoun meaning 'someone' or 'something.' It can refer to a certain person or object and appears in both singular and plural forms, such as τινός and τινες. The New Testament uses it in various contexts, including Luke 9:49 and Acts 5:25. It is related to the interrogative pronoun τίς, indicating its flexible use in questions and statements.
τὶς, τὶ. ἘΣ what follows, εἰ καί lays less emphasis upon it; although it is evident that εἰ καί can often be substituted for καὶ ei.” Cf. Herm. Vig. p. 829 sq.; W. 444 (413); Ellic. on Phil. ii. 17; Schmalfeld, Griech. Syntax, § 41; Paley, Grk. Particles, p. 31]. 8. εἰ μή, a. in a conditional protasis, with the same sequence of moods and tenses as the simple εἰ, see 1. above, if not, unless, except, [W. 477 (444) sqq.; B. 345 (297)]: Mt. xxiv. 22; Jn. ix. 33; | xv. 22, 24; Ro. vii. 7, ete. b. it serves, with the entire. following sentence, to limit or correct what has just been said, only, save that, (Lat. nisi quod), [B. 359 (308) ]: Mk. vi. 5; 1 Co. vii. 17 (where Paul by the addition εἰ μὴ ἑκάστῳ κτλ. strives to prevent any one in applying what had been said a little while before, viz. οὐ δεδούλωται . . ἐν τοιούτοις to his own case, from going too far) ; in ironical answers, unless…
Read the full entry →τις (indef. pron.), ‘* someone, something’’: P Vat ΑἸ (B.c. 168) (= UPZi. p. 303) πᾶς τις πειρᾶται. . ., P Lond 421° (B.C. 168) (= Selections, p. 10) εἰς πᾶν τι ἐληλυθυῖα διὰ, τὴν τοῦ σίτου τιμήν, ‘having come to the last extremity because of the high price of corn,’’ P Oxy IV. 7421° (B.c. 2) ἐάν τι δύνῃ... δὸς ἐργασίαν, “if you can, give your attention to it’’ (Edd.), 2d. I. 120% (iv/a.D.) τινα ὁρῶντα αἱαυτὸν (/. ἑαυτὸν) ἐν δυστυχίᾳ, ““α man finding himself in adversity,’ 13 ἀποστῖλόν pot τινα ἢ Γοῦνθον ἢ ᾿Αμμώνιον, “send someone to me, either Gunthus or Ammonius” (Edd.). P Oxy VI. 937°" (ili/A.D.) γ]ράψον ἐκεῖ TO kat’ εἶδος ὅτι τι kal τι εἴληφας is translated by the editors ‘* write the list there, that you have received so and so.” They 3) ες remark that it is simpler to take τι καί τι as analogous to τὸ καὶ τό than ‘‘to take τί kal τί as an indirect interrogative, ὅτι being…
Read the full entry →τις (tis) — one.
τις,
τι, Indef. pronoun any one, any thing, enclitic through all cases (for exceptions see below):—but τί; τί; Interrog. pronoun who? what?, oxytone in the monosyllable cases, paroxytone in the others:—Dialectal forms: [Refs 5th c.AD+] σις (si se) [Refs 4th c.AD+] σις (with ?? for σ) [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Thess. κις [Refs], neuter κι in διεκί, ποκκί (which see); neuter plural Doric dialect σά, Boeotian dialect τά, Aeolic dialect dative τίω, τίοισι (see. infr. B). (I.-[Refs 5th c.BC+] q[uglide]i-, cf. Latin quis, quid, etc.; for σά, τά, see at {ἄσσα}, σά μά; with τέο (see. infr. B) cf. OSlav. genitive česo)
__A Indef. pronoun τις, τι, genitive Ionic dialect τεο [Refs 8th c.BC+]; more frequently τευ [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Trag. and Attic dialect του [Refs 5th c.BC+]; του is rare after [NT+4th…
τὶς
tis
an enclitic indefinite pronoun; some or any person or object:--a (kind
of), any (man, thing, thing at all), certain (thing), divers, he
(every) man, one (X thing), ought, + partly, some (man, -body, -
thing, -what), (+ that no-)thing, what(-soever), X wherewith,
whom(-soever), whose(-soever).
τις, τι
Indef.pr.
any one, some one
τις tis 534x
enclitic, indefinite pronoun, a certain one, someone, Mt. 12:47; pl. some, certain, several, Lk. 8:2; Acts 9:19; 2 Pet. 3:16; one, a person, Mt. 12:29; Lk. 14:8; Jn. 6:50; combined with the name of an individual, one, Mk. 15:21; as it were in a manner, a kind of, Heb. 10:27; Jas. 1:18; any whatever, Read the full entry →
Indef-NSM — Indefinite pronoun · nominative · singular · masculinenominative — the one doing it — the subject.
Agrees with anything else marked singular masculine.
X-NSM Part of Speech: indefinite pronoun Case: Nominative Number: Singular Gender: Masculine
542 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 35 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 530 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Every reference is on the Strong's page.
Counted over the 121 Old Testament verses where this Greek word stands: which Hebrew word keeps standing there too. A correspondence of verses rather than a word-by-word alignment, so read the percentage as strength of evidence, not as a claim about any single verse.
καὶ γὰρ λόγον καὶ ἀκοὴν ὑπερβάλλει μείζω καὶ σεμνότερα ὄντα ἢ ὡς θνητοῦ τινος ὀργάνοις ἐναρμοσθῆναι.
ὅτι λιμοῦ τὴν Χαναναίαν καταλαβόντος εἰς Αἴγυπτον ἀπῆρε καὶ διατρίψας ἐν αὐτῇ τινα χρόνον ὑπέστρεψεν ὀπίσω.
πλήρης εἰμὶ ὁλοκαυτωμάτων, καὶ στέαρ ἀρνῶν καὶ αἷμα ταύρων καὶ τράγων οὐ βούλομαι, οὐδ̓ ἂν ἔρχησθε ὀφθῆναί μοι, τίς γὰρ ἐξεζήτησεν ταῦτα ἐκ τῶν χειρῶν ὑμῶν;
ἂν ὦσι γείτονες πάντοθεν· μὴ ἐξέστω δὲ τῷ καθόλου ἐπὶ τὴν διαθήκην ταύτην ἄλλῳ τινὶ ἐπέρχεσθαι, εἰ δὲ μὴ ἄκυρον ἔστω καὶ προσαποτεισάτω ὁ ἐπιφέρων ὕστερον … ἄλλον τῆς
προγεγραμμένου ἵππου, καὶ μὴ ἐπελεύσεσθαί σοι ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ. ἐὰν δὲ ἐπέλθωμεν ἢ ἄλλος τις ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν ἥ τʼ ἔφοδος ἄκυρος ἔσται καὶ προσαποτείσομέν σοι χαλκοῦ τάλαντα πέντε.
σημαινομένης ἀρούρης μιᾶς , καὶ μὴ ἐπελεύσασθαι Νεχθανοῦπιν καὶ τοὺς τούτου υἱοὺς μηδʼ ἄλλον τινὰ τῶν παρʼ αὐτῶν ἐπὶ τὸν Πετεαρσεμθεία μηδʼ ἐπʼ ἄλλον τινὰ τῶν παρʼ αὐτοῦ περὶ
ψάλλω (psallō) means to pluck or twang, especially in relation to stringed instruments. It later evolved to signify singing praises or hymns, particularly in the New Testament, where it appears in verses like James 5:13 and Romans 15:9. The word is built from a root meaning to touch or rub, and while most sources agree on its musical connotation, Dodson's entry simplifies it to just 'sing psalms'.
ψάλλω
[in LXX chiefly for זמר pi. (Jg 5:3, Ps 7:17, al.), also for נגן pi. (I Ki 16:16ff., al.) ;]
to pull, twitch, twang (as a bowstring, etc.; Æsch., Eur., al.), hence,
absol.,
to play a stringed instrument with the fingers (Hdt., Plat., al.);
later, to sing to a harp, sing psalms (LXX); in NT, to sing a hymn, sing praise: Ja 5:13; c. dat. pers., Ro 15:9 (LXX), Eph 5:19; dat. instr., I Co 14:15.†
ψάλλω; fut. ψαλῶ ; (fr. ψάω, to rub, wipe; to handle, touch, [but ef. Curtius p. 730]) ; a. to pluck off pull out: ἔθειραν, the hair, Aeschyl. Pers. 1062. b. to cause to vibrate by touching, to twang: τόξων vevpas χειρί, Eur. Bacch. 784; spec. χόρδην, to touch or strike the chord, to twang the strings of a musical instrument so that they gently vibrate (Aristot. probl. 19, 23 [p. 919°, 27); and absol. fo play on a stringed instrument, to play the harp, ete.: Aristot., Plut., Arat., (in Plat. Lys. p. 209 Ὁ. with καὶ κρούειν τῷ πλήκτρῳ added [but not as explanatory of it; the Schol. ad loc. says ψῆλαι, τὸ ἄνευ πλήκτρου τῷ δακτύλῳ τὰς χορδὰς emapacGar]; it is distinguished from κιθαρίζειν in Hdt. 1, 155) ; Sept. for 12) and much oftener for 419; to sing to the music of the harp; in the N. T. to sing a hymn, to celebrate the praises of God in song, Jas. v.13 [R.V. sing praise]; τῷ κυρίῳ, τῷ…
Read the full entry →ψάλλω, properly = “play on a harp,” but in the NT, as in Jas 538, = “sing a hymn”: cf. Sy// 523 (= 578)!8 (ii/B.c.) διδάξει... κιθαρίζειν ἢ ψάλλειν, Pelagia-Legenden p. 1423 ἤρξατο ψάλλειν τὴν τρίτην [ὥραν, and Menander ᾿Επιτρέπ. 260 ἔψαλλον κόραις. See s.v. ψαλμός. MGr ψάλλω, ψέλνω, “sing,
ψάλλω (psallō) — to sing praise.
ψάλλω,
future ψᾰλῶ [LXX+NT]: aorist ἔψηλα [LXX+5th c.BC+]:—pluck, pull, twitch, ψ. ἔθειραν pluck the hair, [Refs 4th c.BC+] twang them, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐκ κέραος ψ. βέλος send a shaft twanging from the bow, [Refs]; so μιλτοχαρὴς σχοῖνος ψαλλομένη a carpenter's red line, which is twitched and then suddenly let go, so as to leave a mark, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II. mostly of the strings of musical instruments, play a stringed instrument with the fingers, and not with the plectron, ψῆλαι καὶ κρούειν τῷ πλήκτρῳ [Refs 5th c.BC+] [same place], et ibi [Refs 4th c.BC+]; opposed to κιθαρίζω, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; πρὶν μέν σ᾽ ἑπτάτονον ψάλλον (i.e. τὴν λύραν) Ion Eleg.3.3: absolutely, [Refs 5th c.BC+] —Prov., ῥᾷον ἤ τις ἂν χορδὴν ψήλειε 'as easy as falling off a log', [Refs 2nd…
ψάλλω
psallo
probably strengthened from psao (to rub or touch the surface; compare
5597); to twitch or twang, i.e. to play on a stringed instrument
(celebrate the divine worship with music and accompanying odes):--make
melody, sing (psalms).
see GREEK for 5597
ψάλλω
v.
I sing psalms
ψάλλω psallō 5x
to move by a touch, to twitch; to touch, strike the strings or chords of an instrument; absol. to play on a stringed instrument; to sing to music; in NT to sing praises, Rom. 15:9; 1 Cor. 14:15; Eph. 5:19; Jas. 5:13*
ψάλλω ψάω to touch sharply, to pluck, pull, twitch, Aesch.; τόξου νευρὰν ψ. to twang the bow-string, Eur.; βέλος ἐκ κέραος ψ. to send a shaft twanging from the bow, Anth.; so, σχοῖνος μιλτοφυρὴς ψαλλομένη a carpenter's red line, which is twitched and then suddenly let go, so as to leave a mark, id. Anth.
to play a stringed instrument with the fingers, not with the plectron, Hdt., Ar., Plat.
later, to sing to a harp, sing, NTest.
Verb-PAM-3S — Verb · present · active · imperative · third person · singularpresent active imperative — an action in progress.
V-PAM-3S Part of Speech: Verb Tense: Present Voice: Active Mood: iMperative Person: third Number: Singular
5 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 4 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 5 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
κἀκεῖθεν ὁρμηθέντες εἰς τὴν Ἰουδαίαν παρεγένοντο ψάλλοντές τε καὶ ὑμνοῦντες καὶ τὰς συνήθεις ἐν τοῖς ἐπινικίοις παιδιὰς ἄγοντες, ἔθυσάν τε χαριστηρίους ὑπέρ τε τῶν κατωρθωμένων θυσίας καὶ ὑπὲρ τῆς τοῦ στρατεύματος σωτηρίας·
λέγει: Ἐξομολογήσομαί σοι ἐν ἐκκλησίᾳ ἀδελφῶν μου, καὶ ψαλῶ σοι ἀνάμεσον ἐκκλησίας ἁγίων.