1 Chronicles 26:29 — Word Study
WLCלַיִּצְהָרִ֞י כְּנַנְיָ֣הוּ וּבָנָ֗יו לַמְּלָאכָ֤ה הַחִֽיצוֹנָה֙ עַל־ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לְשֹׁטְרִ֖ים וּלְשֹׁפְטִֽים׃
BSAFrom the IzharitesYitshârîy ChenaniahKᵉnanyâh [Jehovah establishes] and his sonsbên [descendants, family members] had the outsidechîytsôwn [outer, external, secular] dutiesmᵉlâʼkâh as officersshôṭêr [high-ranking officials, overseers] and judgesshâphaṭ [rulers, vindicators] overʻal IsraelYisrâʼêl [God's chosen people, Jacob's descendants]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| לַיִּצְהָרִ֞י | to the Izharite[s] | Preposition, noun gentilic masculine singular absolute |
| כְּנַנְיָ֣הוּ | Kenaniah | Noun proper masculine |
| וּבָנָ֗יו | and sons his | Conjunction, noun common masculine plural construct, suffix |
| לַמְּלָאכָ֤ה | [were] for the work | Preposition, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| הַחִֽיצוֹנָה֙ | outside | Particle |
| עַל־ | over | Preposition |
| יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל | Israel | Noun proper |
| לְשֹׁטְרִ֖ים | to officials | Preposition, verb qal participle (active) masculine plural |
| וּלְשֹׁפְטִֽים׃ | and to judges | Conjunction, preposition, verb qal participle (active) masculine plural |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | From the Izrahites, Chenaniah and his sons had the outside duties as officers and judges over Israel. |
| KJV | ¶ Of the Izharites, Chenaniah and his sons were for the outward business over Israel, for officers and judges. |
| ASV | Of the Izharites, Chenaniah and his sons were for the outward business over Israel, for officers and judges. |
| YLT | Of the Izharite, Chenaniah and his sons [are] for the outward work over Israel, for officers and for judges. |
| WEB | Of the Izharites, Chenaniah and his sons were appointed to the outward business over Israel, for officers and judges. |
| BBE | Of the Izharites, Chenaniah and his sons had to do all the public business of Israel, in relation to judges and men in authority. |
Where they part company is over the rendering of כְּנַנְיָהוּ — see How Translations Differ.
The main clause establishes the subject and their duties, with additional phrases providing context on their roles.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 26:29
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — Duties of the Levitesgenerated
1 Chronicles 26:29 describes the responsibilities assigned to the Izrahites, specifically highlighting Chenaniah and his sons. They were tasked with overseeing external duties, indicating their significant role in the administration of Israel. This passage illustrates the organization of the Levites and their contributions to the governance of God's people, similar to other roles described in 1 Chronicles 23:12 and 2 Chronicles 34:13.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Chronicles 26:23 | From the Amramites, the Izharites, the Hebronites, and the Uzzielites: |
| 2 | 1 Chronicles 23:12 | The sons of Kohath: Amram, Izhar, Hebron, and Uzziel—four in all. |
| 3 | 2 Chronicles 34:13 | were over the laborers and supervised all who did the work, task by task. Some of the Levites were secretaries, officers, and gatekeepers. |
| 4 | Nehemiah 11:16 | Shabbethai and Jozabad, two leaders of the Levites, who supervised the work outside the house of God; |
| 5 | 1 Chronicles 23:4 | “Of these,” said David, “24,000 are to oversee the work of the house of the LORD, 6,000 are to be officers and judges, |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 6 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — כְּנַנְיָהוּ, ke.nan.Ya.hugenerated
The name כְּנַנְיָהוּ (Kenaniah) means 'Jehovah establishes', reflecting a divine endorsement of his role. He was a Levite and a leader in music during the procession of the ark, indicating his importance in both spiritual and administrative duties.
As a proper noun, it identifies a specific individual within the Levite community, emphasizing his lineage and responsibilities. The parsing as a noun proper masculine shows that he held a significant position among the Levites.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses Chenaniah for כְּנַנְיָהוּ.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The structure of the verse centers around the main clause, with וּבָנָ֗יו (and his sons) as the subject, and the prepositional phrases detailing their duties. The finite verb is implied in the context, indicating their roles as officers and judges.
The word order emphasizes the importance of Chenaniah and his sons, placing them at the forefront of the responsibilities assigned to the Levites in Israel.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates כְּנַנְיָהוּ as ξωνενια, indicating a direct correspondence with the Hebrew name, maintaining the meaning of divine establishment.
This choice reflects the Greek translators' intent to preserve the significance of the name while adapting it for their audience.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Chronicles 26:29 tells us that Chenaniah and his sons had important duties as officials and judges over Israel. This shows how the Levites were organized and contributed to the governance of God's people.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Chenaniah was a Levite known for leading music during the procession of the ark and served as an officer in Israel.
The name Chenaniah means 'Jehovah establishes', indicating a divine endorsement of his role.
They had outside duties as officers and judges, overseeing important administrative roles in Israel.
This verse illustrates the organization of the Levites and their contributions to the governance of Israel, showcasing their importance in the community.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What can we learn from the roles of Chenaniah and his sons about leadership in our communities?
- How does understanding the responsibilities of the Levites help us appreciate their role in biblical history?
- In what ways can we apply the concept of divine establishment in our own lives?
- What does it mean to serve in a position of authority and responsibility in our current context?
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 26:29 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleOf the Izharites, Chenaniah and his sons were for the outward business over Israel,.... Which was done out of the temple, and out of Jerusalem, in the several parts of the country: for officers and
Read John Gill on 1 Chronicles 26 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryOf the Izharites, Chenaniah and his sons were for the outward business over Israel, for officers and judges. Officers and judges.
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Chronicles 26 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleChenaniah and his sons, who are probably thought to have been one thousand six hundred, for that sum added to the one thousand seven hundred, , and the two thousand seven hundred, , make up those six thousand Levites which were officers and judges, . For the outward business; for that business of the Lord and of the king (as it is explained here, ,32) which was to be done without the temple, and without Jerusalem; for what was to be done within them was committed to other hands, as we have seen. Over Israel, synecdochically; i.e. over part of Israel, even over the midland part, and that which lay upon the sea-coast; for the other parts of the land on both sides of Jordan are here committed…
Read Matthew Poole on 1 Chronicles 26 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments1 Chronicles 26:29 Of the Izharites, Chenaniah and his sons [were] for the outward business over Israel, for officers and judges.Ver. 29. For the outward business.] Country employment, as provision of fuel, first fruits, tithes, &c., expounding also of the law, and therehence answering cases, solving doubts; superintendents, some say they were, throughout the whole kingdom.
Read John Trapp on 1 Chronicles 26 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English ReadersIII. THE LEVITES CHARGED WITH TO THE (1 Chronicles 26:29-32). (29) Of the Izharites, Chenaniah and his sons.—As to the Izharites, Chenaniah, &c. Izhar was the second, as Hebron (1 Chronicles 26:30) was the third of the Kohathite stocks (1 Chronicles 23:12). The outward business is defined as that of “officers” (shoterîm, scribes) and judges. Six thousand Levites were set apart for these duties (1 Chronicles 23:4). As Nehemiah 11:16 mentions “the outward business of the house of God,” the outward business here spoken of may have been in part connected with the Temple, and included such work as the collection of tithes and taxes.
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 26 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 29. Outward business] Work done without the city; cutting of timber, hewing stones, ploughing the fields belonging to the sanctuary. - Jarchi.
Read AdamClarke on 1 Chronicles 26 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges29. Izharites] Cp. 1 Chronicles 23:12. the outward business] This business as here defined “for officers and for judges” (cp. 2 Chronicles 19:11) is perhaps different from that mentioned in Nehemiah 11:16 (“the outward business of the house of the Lord”).
Read Cambridge on 1 Chronicles 26 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible29. For the outward business over Israel — The business of local scribes, magistrates, and teachers of the people. See note on 1 Chronicles 23:4.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on 1 Chronicles 26 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
From the Izrahites, Chenaniah and his sons had the outside duties as officers and judges over Israel.
Of the Izharites, Chenaniah and his sons were appointed to the outward business over Israel, for officers and judges.
From the Izharites, Chenaniah and his sons had the outside duties as officers and judges over Israel.
As for the Izharites: Kenaniah and his sons were given responsibilities outside the temple as officers and judges over Israel.
Tyndale line
¶ Of the Izharites, Chenaniah and his sons were for the outward business over Israel, for officers and judges.
Of the Izharites, Chenaniah and his sons were for the outward business over Israel, for officers and judges.
Of the Izharites, Chenaniah and his sons were for the outward business over Israel, for officers and judges.
Of the Izharites, Chenaniah and his sons were for the outward business over Israel, for officers and judges.
Of the Izharites was Chenaniah and his sonnes, for the busines without ouer Israel, for officers and for Iudges.
Strictly literal
Of the Jizharites, Chenaniah and his sons were over Israel, for the outward business for officers and judges.
Of the Izharite, Chenaniah and his sons [are] for the outward work over Israel, for officers and for judges.
Of the Izharite, Chenaniah and his sons [are] for the outward work over Israel, for officers and for judges.
Of the Yizharites were Kenanyahu and his sons for the outward business over Israel, for officers and judges.
Of Izhar's descendants, Kenaniah and his sons were in charge of the civil affairs of Israel. They were officers and judges.
From the Latin
But Chonenias and his sons were over the Isaarites, for the business abroad over Israel to teach them and judge them.
Simplified
From the Izharites: Kenaniah and his sons were given outside duties as officials and judges over Israel.
Of the Izharites, Chenaniah and his sons had to do all the public business of Israel, in relation to judges and men in authority.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree closely in this verse, with a word-by-word correspondence that highlights the roles of Chenaniah and his sons in the administration of Israel.
לַיִּצְהָרִ֞י כְּנַנְיָ֣הוּ וּבָנָ֗יו לַמְּלָאכָ֤ה הַחִֽיצוֹנָה֙ עַל־ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לְשֹׁטְרִ֖ים וּלְשֹׁפְטִֽים׃
9 of the 9 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 26:29
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
יִצְהָרִי (yits-haw-ree) refers to an Izharite, a descendant of Izhar, who was a Levite. The term is derived from יִצְהָר (yits-har), meaning 'oil.' The Izharites are mentioned in Exodus 6:18, where they are identified as part of the lineage of Kohath, a son of Levi.
יִצְהָרִי adj.gent. of foreg. [r.av.af], c. art. as subst. coll.
base
H3325 יִצְהָרִי
3325 Yitshariy yits-haw-ree'
patronymically from 3324; a Jitsharite or descendant of
Jitshar:--Izeharites, Izharites.
see HEBREW for 03324
יִצְהָרִי (yits.ha.ri) — Izharite.
Someone descended from Izhar who was a man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Exo.6.18;
son of: Kohath (H6955);
brother of: Amram (H6019), Hebron (H2275B) and Uzziel (H5816);
father of: Korah (H7141I), Nepheg (H5298), Zichri (H2147) and Shelomith (H8019A)
Group of yits.har (יִצְהָר "Izhar" H3324)
§ Izharites or Izeharites = "oil"
descendants of Izhar son of Kohath and grandson of Levi
Prep | Ngmsa — Preposition · noun gentilic masculine singular absoluteHRd/Ngmsa
כְּנַנְיָהוּ (Kenanyah) means 'Jehovah establishes' and refers to a man from the time of the Divided Monarchy. He is identified as a Levite song leader involved in the ark's procession and as an officer of David. The name is derived from roots meaning 'to plant' and 'Jah' (God), indicating a connection to divine establishment.
כְּנַנְיָ֫הוּ n.pr.m. (י׳ is firm)
a Levite = כְּנַנְיָה
an Izharite
base
H3663 כְּנַנְיָהוּ, כְּנַנְיָה
3663 Knanyah ken-an-yaw'
or Knanyahuw {ken-an-yaw'-hoo}; from 3661 and 3050; Jah has
planted; Kenanjah, an Israelite:--Chenaniah.
see HEBREW for 03661
see HEBREW for 03050
כְּנַנְיָ֫הוּ (ke.nan.yah) — Chenaniah.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.15.22
§ Chenaniah = "Jehovah establishes"
1) a Levite song leader who assisted in the procession of transporting the ark
2) an Izharites officer of David
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.
בֵּן 4870 n.m. son
son, male child, born of a woman
children (male and female)
youth, young men
the young of animals
of plant shoots
fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
member of a guild, order or class
of animals son of (the) herd
ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
n. relat. of age
base
בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.
done
H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman
. children (male and female)
. youth, young men
. the young of animals
. of plant shoots
. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
. . member of a guild, order or class
. of animals son of (the) herd
. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
. n. relat. of age
H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son
1121 ben bane
from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the
widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,
including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,
etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)
(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,
(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,
bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X
came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of
first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +
kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)
people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +
spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous
one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
see HEBREW for 01129
see HEBREW for 01
see HEBREW for 0251
בֵּן (ben) — son: child.
: child/son
בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;
son of: Jaaziah (H3269);
brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)
§ Beno = "his son"
the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)
בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.
: descendant, people, tribe, nation
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : child/son
בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.
: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : descendant
בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.
: rebel/son(Belial)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : people/men/nation/tribe
בֵּן (ben) — son.
: [inheriting]son/heir
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.
: warrior/son(strong)
Conj | N-mp | Suff — Conjunction · noun common masculine plural construct · suffixHC/Ncmpc/Sp3ms
מְלָאכָה (mla'kah) refers to work or occupation, encompassing various aspects such as business, craftsmanship, and service. It can denote both the act of working and the products resulting from labor. The term also extends to public and political business. There is a slight variation in emphasis among lexicons, with some highlighting its non-servile nature.
מְלָאכָה 167 n.f. occupation, work
occupation, business
property in which one is occupied
work as something done or made
workmanship
service, use
public business
base
H4399 מְלָאכָה occupation, work . occupation, business
. property in which one is occupied
. work as something done or made
. workmanship
. service, use
. public business
4399 mla'kah mel-aw-kaw'
from the same as 4397; properly, deputyship, i.e. ministry;
generally, employment (never servile) or work (abstractly or
concretely); also property (as the result of
labor):--business, + cattle, + industrious, occupation,
(+ -pied), + officer, thing (made), use, (manner of)
work((-man), -manship).
see HEBREW for 04397
מְלָאכָה (me.la.khah) — work.
1) occupation, work, business
1a) occupation, business
1b) property
1c) work (something done or made)
1d) workmanship
1e) service, use
1f) public business
1f1) political
1f2) religious
Prep | N-fs — Preposition · noun common feminine singular absoluteHRd/Ncfsa
→ See INDUSTRY
→ See LABOR
חִיצוֹן (chiytsown) refers to something that is outer or external, derived from the root word for 'wall side.' It covers meanings related to the exterior or outward aspects, often in a secular context as opposed to sacred. The entries consistently emphasize its use in describing outer or external qualities.
חִיצוֹן adj. outer, external
base
H2435 חִיצוֹן
2435 chiytsown khee-tsone'
from 2434; properly, the (outer) wall side; hence, exterior;
figuratively, secular (as opposed to sacred):--outer, outward,
utter, without.
see HEBREW for 02434
חִיצוֹן (chi.tson) — outer.
outer, external, outward
Art | Adj — ParticleHTd/Aafsa
The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
עַל, עָ֑ל
subst. height
As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed
—
of clothing, etc., which any one wears
With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears
. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
5921 `al al
properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the
singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a
particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always
in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great
variety of applications (as follow):--above, according
to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because
of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both
and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in
(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,
through(-out), to, touching, X with.
see HEBREW for 05920
עַל (al) — upon.
prep
1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards
1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)
1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)
1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)
1e) over (of suspension or extension)
1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)
1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)
1h) to (as a dative)
[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.
conj
Prep — PrepositionHR
יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisra'el) refers to both the second name of Jacob, meaning 'God prevails,' and the name of the Hebrew nation descended from him. It is derived from roots meaning 'to rule' and 'God.' The term encompasses Jacob's descendants and is used historically for the northern kingdom of Israel and the nation as a whole after the Babylonian exile.
יִשְׂרָאֵל 2507 n.pr.m. et gent. Israel (Ēl persisteth, persevereth)
n.pr.m. second name of Jacob
n.pr.gent. name of Hebrew nation
base
H3478 יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel (Ēl persisteth, persevereth) . n. pr. m. second name of Jacob
. n. pr. gent. name of Hebrew nation
3478 Yisra'el yis-raw-ale'
from 8280 and 410; he will rule as God; Jisrael, a symbolical
name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity:
--Israel.
see HEBREW for 08280
see HEBREW for 0410
יִשְׂרָאֵל (yis.ra.el) — Israel.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.25.26;
son of: Isaac (H3327) and Rebekah (H7259);
brother of: Esau (H6215); married to Rachel (H7354), Leah (H3812), Zilpah (H2153) and Bilhah (H1090A);
father of: Reuben (H7205), Simeon (H8095), Levi (H3878), Judah (H3063), Dan (H1835H), Naphtali (H5321), Gad (H1410), Asher (H0836), Issachar (H3485), Zebulun (H2074), Dinah (H1783), Joseph (H3130) and Benjamin (H1144); also called Jacob frequently
§ Israel = "God prevails"
1) the second name for Jacob given to him by God after his wrestling with the angel at Peniel
2) the name of the descendants and the nation of the descendants of Jacob
2a) the name of the nation until the death of Solomon and the split
N-proper — Noun properHNpl
iz'-ra-el.
See JACOB.
Israel
The name conferred on Jacob after the great prayer-struggle at Peniel (Gen. 32:28), because “as a prince he had power with God and prevailed.” (See JACOB.) This is the common name given to Jacob’s descendants. The whole people of the twelve tribes are called “Israelites,” the “children of Israel” (Josh. 3:17; 7:25; Judg. 8:27; Jer. 3:21), and the “house of Israel” (Ex. 16:31; 40:38).
This name Israel is sometimes used emphatically for the true Israel (Ps. 73:1: Isa. 45:17; 49:3;
(the prince that prevails with God). The name given, (Genesis 32:28) to Jacob after his wrestling with the angel, (Hosea 12:4) at Peniel. Gesenius interprets Israel "soldier of God." It became the national name of the twelve tribes collectively. They are so called in (Exodus 3:16) and afterward. It is used in a narrower sense, excluding Judah, in (1 Samuel 11:8; 2 Samuel 20:1; 1 Kings 12:16) Thenceforth it was assumed and accepted as the name of the northern kingdom. After the Babylonian captivity, the returned exiles resumed the name Israel as the designation of…
Who prevails with God, a name given to Jacob, after having wrestled with the Angel-Jehovah at Penuel. Ge 32:1,2,28,30 Ho 12:3. See JACOB. By the name Israel is sometimes understood all the posterity of Israel, the seed of Jacob, 1Co 10:18; sometimes all true believers, his spiritual seed, Ro 9:6; and sometimes the kingdom of Israel, or the ten tribes, as distinct from the kingdom of Judah.
שֹׁטֵר (shoter) refers to an official or officer, with possible roots in the concepts of writing or organization. The term is described as an active participle, suggesting roles such as a scribe or magistrate. The entries do not provide significant disagreement, focusing instead on its administrative connotations.
שֹׁטֵר n.m. official, officer (prop. scribe, secretary? or fr. original meaning as arranger, organizer?)
base
H7860 שֹׁטֵר official, officer (prop. scribe, secretary? or fr. original meaning as arranger, organizer?)
7860 shoter sho-tare'
active participle of an otherwise unused root probably
meaning to write; properly, a scribe, i.e. (by analogy or
implication) an official superintendent or
magistrate:--officer, overseer, ruler.
שֹׁטֵר (sho.ter) — official.
(Qal) official, officer
Prep | N-mp — Preposition · verb qal participle (active) masculine pluralHR/Vqrmpa
שָׁפַט (shaphat) is a Hebrew verb meaning to judge or govern. It encompasses a range of actions including pronouncing sentences, executing judgments, and deciding controversies in various contexts such as civil and religious matters. The word can also imply being judged or entering into legal disputes. There is a specific mention of its use in the context of final judgment.
שָׁפַט 185 vb. judge, govern
Qal
act as law-giver, judge, governor
specif. decide controversy, discriminate betw. persons, in civil, political, domestic and religious questions
execute judgment
Niph.
recipr., enter into controversy, plead
pass. be judged
Pô‛el = my opponent-at-law
base
H8199 שָׁפַט judge, govern .. act as law-giver, judge, governor
. specif. decide controversy, discriminate betw. persons, in civil, political, domestic and religious questions
. execute judgment
. . recipr., enter into controversy, plead
. pass. be judged
.= my opponent-at-law
8199 shaphat shaw-fat'
a primitive root; to judge, i.e. pronounce sentence (for or
against); by implication, to vindicate or punish; by
extenssion, to govern; passively, to litigate (literally or
figuratively):--+ avenge, X that condemn, contend, defend,
execute (judgment), (be a) judge(-ment), X needs, plead,
reason, rule.
שָׁפַט (sha.phat) — to judge.
1) to judge, govern, vindicate, punish
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to act as law-giver or judge or governor (of God, man)
1a1a) to rule, govern, judge
1a2) to decide controversy (of God, man)
1a3) to execute judgment
1a3a) discriminating (of man)
1a3b) vindicating
1a3c) condemning and punishing
1a3d) at theophanic advent for final judgment
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to enter into controversy, plead, have controversy together
1b2) to be judged
1c) (Poel) judge, opponent-at-law (participle)
Conj | Prep | V-Qal — Conjunction · preposition · verb qal participle (active) masculine pluralHC/R/Vqrmpa
The judges were temporary and special deliverers, sent by God to deliver the Israelites from their oppressors; not supreme magistrates, succeeding to the authority of Moses and Joshua. Their power only extended over portions of the country, and some of them were contemporaneous. Their first work was that of deliverers and leaders in war; they then administered justice to the people, and their authority supplied the want of a regular government. Even while the administration of Samuel gave something like a settled government to the south, there was scope for the irregular exploits of Samson on the borders of the Philistines; and Samuel at last established his authority as judge and prophet, but still as the servant of Jehovah, only to see it so abused by his sons as to exhaust the patience of the people, who at length demanded a king , after the pattern of the surrounding nations. The…
In Hebrew Shophetim, were the rulers, chiefs, or leaders of Israel, from Joshua to Saul. They were very different from the ordinary administrators of justice among the Hebrews, respecting whom, see JUSTICE. The Carthaginians, a colony of the Tyrians, had likewise governors, whom they called Suffetes, or Sophetim, with authority almost equal to that of kings.
The dignity of judge was for life; but the succession was not always constant. There were anarchies, or intervals, during which the commonwealth was without rulers. There were likewise long intervals of foreign servitude and oppression, under which the Hebrews groaned without deliverers. Although God alone regularly appointed the judges, yet the people, on some occasions, chose that individual who appeared to them most proper to deliver them from oppression; and as it often happened that the oppressions which occasioned recourse to…