2 Chronicles 31:12 — Word Study
WLCוַיָּבִ֨יאוּ אֶת־ הַתְּרוּמָ֧ה וְהַֽמַּעֲשֵׂ֛ר וְהַקֳּדָשִׁ֖ים בֶּאֱמוּנָ֑ה וַעֲלֵיהֶ֤ם נָגִיד֙ כָּֽנַנְיָ֣הוּ הַלֵּוִ֔י וְשִׁמְעִ֥י אָחִ֖יהוּ מִשְׁנֶֽה׃
BSAAnd they faithfully brought inbôwʼ▸ [with trust and loyalty, in a steadfast manner] the contributionstᵉrûwmâh [offerings] tithesmaʻăsêr [a tenth of one's income] and dedicated giftsqôdesh [holy things, set apart for God] ConaniahKôwnanyâhûw [Jehovah has established, a leader] the LeviteLêvîyîy [a descendant of Levi, a priestly tribe] was the officernâgîyd [ruler, leader] in charge of themʻal and his brotherʼâch [male sibling, close relative] ShimeiShimʻîy [famous, renowned] was secondmishneh [next in rank]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וַיָּבִ֨יאוּ | and they brought | Verb, Hiphil, sequential imperfect third person masculine plural |
| אֶת־ | the object marker | Particle |
| הַתְּרוּמָ֧ה | the contribution | Particle, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| וְהַֽמַּעֲשֵׂ֛ר | and the tithe | Conjunction, particle, noun common masculine singular absolute |
| וְהַקֳּדָשִׁ֖ים | and the holy things | Conjunction, particle, noun common masculine plural absolute |
| בֶּאֱמוּנָ֑ה | in faithfulness | Preposition, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| וַעֲלֵיהֶ֤ם | and [was] over them | Conjunction, preposition, suffix |
| נָגִיד֙ | an officer | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
| כָּֽנַנְיָ֣הוּ | Konaniah | Noun proper masculine |
| הַלֵּוִ֔י | the Levite | Particle, noun gentilic masculine singular absolute |
| וְשִׁמְעִ֥י | and Shimei | Conjunction, noun proper masculine |
| אָחִ֖יהוּ | brother his | Noun common masculine singular construct, suffix |
| מִשְׁנֶֽה׃ | [was] second in command | Noun common, masculine singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | And they faithfully brought in the contributions, tithes, and dedicated gifts. Conaniah the Levite was the officer in charge of them, and his brother Shimei was second. |
| KJV | And brought in the offerings and the tithes and the dedicated things faithfully: over which Cononiah the Levite was ruler, and Shimei his brother was the next. |
| ASV | and they brought in the oblations and the tithes and the dedicated things faithfully. And over them Conaniah the Levite was ruler, and Shimei his brother was second; |
| YLT | and they bring in the heave-offering, and the tithe, and the holy things faithfully; and over them is a leader, Conaniah the Levite, and Shimei his brother [is] second; |
| WEB | They brought in the offerings, the tithes, and the dedicated things faithfully. Conaniah the Levite was ruler over them, and Shimei his brother was second. |
| BBE | And in them they put all the offerings and the tenths and the holy things, keeping nothing back, and over them was Conaniah the Levite, with Shimei his brother second to him. |
Where they part company is in the rendering of בֶּאֱמוּנָ֑ה — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence has a main clause with two subordinate phrases detailing the contributions and the leadership roles.
6 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Trapp, Ellicott & more — read them ›
clause
verbבּוֹא
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 2 Chronicles 31:12
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Organization of Offeringsgenerated
2 Chronicles 31:12 describes how the people of Israel brought their contributions, tithes, and dedicated gifts to the temple under the leadership of Conaniah the Levite. This organized effort reflects the community's commitment to worship and support for the temple, following King Hezekiah's reforms. The context emphasizes the importance of faithful giving as part of their religious duties, with the roles of leaders clearly defined.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 Kings 12:15 | No accounting was required from the men who received the money to pay the workmen, because they acted with integrity. |
| 2 | 1 Chronicles 26:20–26 | Now their fellow Levites were in charge of the treasuries of the house of God and the treasuries of the dedicated things. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 2 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — נָגִיד, na.Gidgenerated
The word נָגִיד (na.Gid) refers to an officer or leader, indicating someone in a position of authority. It is derived from a root meaning to lead or command, and it encompasses various types of leadership roles, including military and civil positions.
In this verse, it highlights Conaniah's role as the one overseeing the contributions, emphasizing the importance of leadership in the faithful execution of religious duties.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb וַיָּבִ֨יאוּ (and they brought) governs the sentence, with several noun phrases detailing what was brought and who was in charge. The structure emphasizes the act of bringing and the roles of Conaniah and Shimei.
The order of the phrases indicates the significance of the contributions, followed by the leadership roles, showcasing the organized nature of the temple's operations.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates וַיָּבִ֨יאוּ as εἰσήνεγκαν (eisēnegkan), which means 'they brought in'. This choice reflects a direct and active sense of the verb, aligning with the Hebrew meaning of bringing or coming in.
The translation of נָגִיד as ἐπιστάτης (epistates) also captures the authoritative role of Conaniah, indicating a leader or overseer, consistent with the Hebrew context.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
2 Chronicles 31:12 tells us that the people brought their contributions, tithes, and dedicated gifts to the temple faithfully. Conaniah, a Levite, was the officer in charge of these offerings, and his brother Shimei was second in command. This highlights the importance of leadership and faithfulness in worship.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Bringing contributions and tithes faithfully means giving with a sincere heart and commitment to support the work of God, as seen in the practices of the Israelites.
Conaniah was a Levite leader responsible for overseeing the offerings, while Shimei was his brother, serving as his second-in-command.
Faithfulness in giving is emphasized as it reflects the community's dedication to God and their worship practices, which were vital during King Hezekiah's reforms.
The Levites were responsible for various duties in the temple, including overseeing offerings and maintaining the sanctity of worship, as highlighted by the roles of Conaniah and Shimei.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- How can I demonstrate faithfulness in my own giving and support for my community?
- What qualities make a good leader in a religious context, as seen in Conaniah's role?
- In what ways can I contribute to the worship and support of my local church or community?
- How does the organization of offerings in the temple reflect the importance of structure in worship?
Commentators on this verse — 6 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 2 Chronicles 31:12 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd brought in the offerings, and the tithes, and the dedicated things, faithfully,.... Kept nothing back for their own private use, but faithfully delivered in and laid up the whole that was brought
Read John Gill on 2 Chronicles 31 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd brought in the offerings and the tithes and the dedicated things faithfully: over which Cononiah the Levite was ruler, and Shimei his brother was the next. No JFB commentary on these verses.
Read Robert Jamieson on 2 Chronicles 31 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments2 Chronicles 31:12 And brought in the offerings and the tithes and the dedicated [things] faithfully: over which Cononiah the Levite [was] ruler, and Shimei his brother [was] the next.Ver. 12. And brought in the offerings.] Sin offerings and thank offerings. And the dedicated things.] See on 2 Chronicles 31:6. Among our forefathers, the statute of Mortmain provided they should give no more to the church. But now there needed no such statute; the springs of men’ s bounty being like Jordan turned back. Faithfully.] Heb., In truth: they paid their dues honestly and out of conscience: not counting all well got that was gotten from the priests, as now-a-days they do.
Read John Trapp on 2 Chronicles 31 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(12) The offerings.—The Terϋmah (heave offering; see Note on 2 Chronicles 31:6) and the tithe, and the holy things (2 Chronicles 31:6). Terϋmah seems to mean the firstfruits hero (2 Chronicles 31:5). Faithfully.—With faithfulness, or honesty (2 Chronicles 19:9). Over which.—And over them—i.e., the stores. Shimei.—2 Chronicles 29:14. The next.—Second in charge (mishnθh). The name Cononiah is, in the Hebrew text, Kβnanyβhϋ; in the margin, Kϋnanyβhϋ. The former is correct (Iahu hath established).
Read Charles John Ellicott on 2 Chronicles 31 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 12. Shimei - was the next.] He was assistant to Cononiah.
Read AdamClarke on 2 Chronicles 31 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges12. the dedicate things] Cp. 2 Chronicles 29:33 (note on the consecrated things). was the next] R.V. was second. Cp. 2 Chronicles 28:7 “Elkanah that was next to the king.”
Read Cambridge on 2 Chronicles 31 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
And they faithfully brought in the contributions, tithes, and dedicated gifts. Conaniah the Levite was the officer in charge of them, and his brother Shimei was second.
They brought in the offerings, the tithes, and the dedicated things faithfully. Conaniah the Levite was ruler over them, and Shimei his brother was second.
And they faithfully brought in the contributions, tithes, and dedicated gifts. Conaniah the Levite was the officer in charge of them, and his brother Shimei was second.
they brought in the contributions, tithes, and consecrated items that had been offered. Konaniah, a Levite, was in charge of all this, assisted by his brother Shimei.
Tyndale line
And brought in the offerings and the tithes and the dedicated things faithfully: over which Cononiah the Levite was ruler, and Shimei his brother was the next.
and they brought in the oblations and the tithes and the dedicated things faithfully. And over them Conaniah the Levite was ruler, and Shimei his brother was second;
And they brought in the oblations and the tithes and the dedicated things faithfully: and over them Conaniah the Levite was ruler, and Shimei his brother was second.
And brought in the offerings and the tithes, and the dedicated things faithfully: over which Conaniah the Levite was ruler, and Shimei his brother was the next.
And caryed in the first fruites, and the tithes, and the dedicate things faithfully: and ouer them was Conaniah the Leuite, the chiefe, and Shimei his brother the seconde.
Strictly literal
and brought in the heave-offerings and the tithes and the dedicated things faithfully; and over these Cononiah the Levite was ruler, and Shimei his brother was second.
and they bring in the heave-offering, and the tithe, and the holy things faithfully; and over them is a leader, Conaniah the Levite, and Shimei his brother [is] second;
and they bring in the raised-offering, and the tithe, and the holy things faithfully; and over them is a leader, Conaniah the Levite, and his brother Shimei [is] second;
And they brought in the heave-offerings, and the tithes, and the sanctified things, in faithfulness: and over them were appointed the ruler Conanyahu the Levite, and Shim'i his brother the second in rank.
Then they faithfully brought in the offerings, the tithes and the things that belonged to Yahweh. Konaniah the Levite was the manager in charge of them, and his brother Shimei was second to him.
From the Latin
They brought in faithfully both the firstfruits, and the tithes, and all they had vowed. And the overseer of them was Chonenias the Levite, and Semei his brother was the second,
Simplified
the people faithfully brought in their offerings, tithes, and dedicated gifts. Conaniah the Levite was the one who was responsible for them, and his brother Shimei was second in command.
And in them they put all the offerings and the tenths and the holy things, keeping nothing back, and over them was Conaniah the Levite, with Shimei his brother second to him.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text presents the verse as describing the faithful contributions and the roles of Conaniah and Shimei. The Septuagint, while it matches 11 of the 13 words from the Masoretic Text, does not provide a complete translation of the verse, indicating potential differences in wording or emphasis. The Samaritan Pentateuch and the Dead Sea Scrolls do not have additional information available for comparison in this instance, so it is unclear if they align with the Masoretic Text or differ.
וַיָּבִ֨יאוּ אֶת־ הַתְּרוּמָ֧ה וְהַֽמַּעֲשֵׂ֛ר וְהַקֳּדָשִׁ֖ים בֶּאֱמוּנָ֑ה וַעֲלֵיהֶ֤ם נָגִיד֙ כָּֽנַנְיָ֣הוּ הַלֵּוִ֔י וְשִׁמְעִ֥י אָחִ֖יהוּ מִשְׁנֶֽה׃
11 of the 13 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 2 Chronicles 31:12
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
בּוֹא (bo) is a Hebrew verb meaning to come or go in, with a wide range of applications including entering, arriving, and bringing in. It can refer to both physical movement and abstract concepts like events coming to pass. The verb appears in various forms, such as Qal (to come), Hiphil (to cause to come), and Hophal (to be brought). There is no significant disagreement among lexicons regarding its meanings.
בּוֹא 2569 vb. come in, come, go in, go
Qal
come in
come (approach, arrive)
go, i.e. walk, associate with
go from speaker, but with limit of motion given
Hiph.
cause to come in, bring in (conduct, lead, obj. persons and animals)
cause to come, bring, bring near, etc. (animate obj.)
Hoph.
be brought in (of pers. and things)
be brought
be introduced, put
base
H935 בּוֹא come in, come, go in, go .. come in
. come (approach, arrive)
. go, i.e. walk, associate with
. go from speaker, but with limit of motion given
. . cause to come in, bring in (conduct, lead, obj. persons and animals)
. cause to come, bring, bring near, etc. (animate obj.)
. . be brought in (of pers. and things)
. be brought
. be introduced, put
935 bow' bo
a primitive root; to go or come (in a wide variety of
applications):--abide, apply, attain, X be, befall, +
besiege, bring (forth, in, into, to pass), call, carry, X
certainly, (cause, let, thing for) to come (against, in, out,
upon, to pass), depart, X doubtless again, + eat, + employ,
(cause to) enter (in, into, -tering, -trance, -try), be
fallen, fetch, + follow, get, give, go (down, in, to war),
grant, + have, X indeed, (in-)vade, lead, lift (up), mention,
pull in, put, resort, run (down), send, set, X (well) stricken
(in age), X surely, take (in), way.
בּוֹא (bo) — to come (in): come.
: come/go_in
1) to go in, enter, come, go, come in
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to enter, come in
1a2) to come
1a2a) to come with
1a2b) to come upon, fall or light upon, attack (enemy)
1a2c) to come to pass
1a3) to attain to
1a4) to be enumerated
1a5) to go
1b) (Hiphil)
1b1) to lead in
1b2) to carry in
1b3) to bring in, cause to come in, gather, cause to come, bring near, bring against, bring upon
1b4) to bring to pass
1c) (Hophal)
1c1) to be brought, brought in
1c2) to be introduced, be put
לְב֥וֹא (bo) — Lebo-(Hamath).
This name means to go in, enter
Combined with cha.mat (חֲמָת "Hamath" H2574)
בּוֹא (bo) — to come (in): towards.
: towards/entrance
1) to go in, enter, come, go, come in
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to enter, come in
1a2) to come
1a2a) to come with
1a2b) to come upon, fall or light upon, attack (enemy)
1a2c) to come to pass
1a3) to attain to
1a4) to be enumerated
Conj | V-Hiphil-ConsecImperf-3mp — Verb · Hiphil · sequential imperfect third person masculine pluralHc/Vhw3mp
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HTo — ParticleHTo
תְּרוּמָה (terumah) refers to a contribution or offering, particularly for sacred purposes. It denotes something that is lifted or separated, often associated with sacrifices or tributes to God. The term appears primarily in later texts, with a notable reference in Deuteronomy 12:11. It encompasses various forms of offerings, including grain and monetary gifts.
תְּרוּמָה n.f. contribution, offering, for sacred uses (not certain before Dt.; chiefly EzP and late) (prop. something lifted off, separated)
base
H8641 תְּרוּמָה contribution, offering, for sacred uses (not certain before Dt.; chiefly EzP and late) (prop. something lifted off, separated)
8641 truwmah ter-oo-maw'
or trumah (Deut. 12:11) {ter-oo-maw'}; from 7311; a present
(as offered up), especially in sacrifice or as tribute:--
gift, heave offering ((shoulder)), oblation, offered(-ing).
see HEBREW for 07311
תְּרוּמָה (te.ru.mah) — contribution.
1) contribution, offering
1a) a heave offering
1b) any offering
1c) an offering to God
1d) an offering (of grain, money, etc)
1e) contribution
Art | N-fs — Particle · noun common feminine singular absoluteHTd/Ncfsa
kon-tri-bu'-shun (koinonia, "communion" or "fellowship," Ro 15:26; 2Co 9:13): The meaning "contribution" is drawn from the context, rather than from the Greek word. The phrase in the passage cited, literally rendered, would be "to exercise" or "put fellowship into activity." The koinonia subsisting among believers because of their inner communion with Christ places them and their gifts and possessions at the service of one another (see COMMUNION). They are enjoined. not to forget to communicate (Heb 13:16). To be "communicative" (koinonikoi) is to be a habit of their lives, the Christian principle being that of the holding of all property as a trust, to be distributed as there is need (
מַעֲשֵׂר (ma`aser) refers to a tenth part or tithe, specifically the practice of giving a tenth of one's produce or income. It is derived from the root meaning 'to give a tenth' and is used in various contexts related to offerings. The entries consistently emphasize its meaning as a tithe without significant disagreement.
מַעֲשֵׂר tenth part, tithe
base
H4643 מַעֲשֵׂר tenth part, tithe
4643 ma`aser mah-as-ayr'
or maasar {mah-as-ar'}; and (in plural) feminine maasrah
{mah-as-raw'}; from 6240; a tenth; especially a tithe:--
tenth (part), tithe(-ing).
see HEBREW for 06240
מַעֲשֵׂר (ma.a.ser) — tithe.
1) tithe, tenth part
1a) tenth part
1b) tithe, payment of a tenth part
Conj | Art | N-ms — Conjunction · particle · noun common masculine singular absoluteHC/Td/Ncmsa
tith (ma`aser; dekate): The custom of giving a 10th part of the products of the land and of the spoils of war to priests and kings (1 Macc 10:31; 11:35; 1Sa 8:15,17) was a very ancient one among most nations. That the Jews had this custom long before the institution of the Mosaic Law is shown by Ge 14:17-20 (compare Heb 7:4) and Ge 28:22. Many critics hold that these two passages are late and only reflect the later practice of the nation; but the payment of tithes is so ancient and deeply rooted in the history of the human race that it seems much simpler and more natural to believe that among the Jews the practice was in existence long before the time of Moses.
Tithe
A tenth of the produce of the earth consecrated and set apart for special purposes. The dedication of a tenth to God was recognized as a duty before the time of Moses. Abraham paid tithes to Melchizedek (Gen. 14:20; Heb. 7:6); and Jacob vowed unto the Lord and said, “Of all that thou shalt give me I will surely give the tenth unto thee.”
The first Mosaic law on this subject is recorded in Lev. 27:30-32. Subsequent legislation regulated the destination of the tithes (Num. 18:21-24, 26-28; Deut. 12:5, 6, 11, 17; 14:22, 23). The paying of the tithes was an important part of the Jewish religious worship. In the days…
A tenth, the proportion of a man’s income devoted to sacred purposes from time immemorial, Ge 14:20 28:22. This was prescribed in the Mosaic law, Nu 31:31. A twofold tithe was required of each Jewish citizen. The first consisted of one-tenth of the produce of his fields, trees, flocks, and herds, to be given to God as the sovereign Proprietor of all things and as the king of the Jews, Le 27:30-32 1Sa 8:15,17. The proceeds of this tax were devoted to the maintenance of the Levites in their respective cities, Nu 18:21-24. A person might pay this tax in money, adding one-fifth to its estimated value. The Levites paid a…
- The tenth of anything
1Sa 8:15,17
- Antiquity of the custom of giving to God's ministers
- Considered a just return to God for his blessings
- Under the law belonged to God
קֹ֫דֶשׁ (qodesh) refers to the concepts of apartness, sacredness, and holiness. It can denote a sacred place or thing, such as the Most Holy Place or a sanctuary. The term emphasizes the idea of being set apart, whether in relation to God, places, or objects.
קֹ֫דֶשׁ 469 n.m. apartness, sacredness
base
H6944 קֹ֫דֶשׁ apartness, sacredness
6944 qodesh ko'-desh
from 6942; a sacred place or thing; rarely abstract,
sanctity:--consecrated (thing), dedicated (thing), hallowed
(thing), holiness, (X most) holy (X day, portion, thing),
saint, sanctuary.
see HEBREW for 06942
קֹ֫דֶשׁ (qo.desh) — holiness.
1) apartness, holiness, sacredness, separateness
1a) apartness, sacredness, holiness
1a1) of God
1a2) of places
1a3) of things
1b) set-apartness, separateness
קֹ֫דֶשׁ (qo.desh) — Most Holy Place.
This name means apartness, holiness, sacredness
Also named: hagion (ἅγιον "Most Holy Place" G0039H)
קֹ֫דֶשׁ (qo.desh) — (Way of) Holiness.
Combined with de.rekh (דֶּ֫רֶךְ "Way" H1870H)
This name means apartness, holiness, sacredness
קֹ֫דֶשׁ (qo.desh) — Holy Place.
This name means apartness, holiness, sacredness
Also named: hagion (ἅγιον "Holy Place" G0039)
Conj | Art | N-mp — Conjunction · particle · noun common masculine plural absoluteHC/Td/Ncmpa
The Hebrew word אֱמוּנָה (*emuwnah*) is built from the root of H529, indicating concepts of firmness and steadfastness. It encompasses meanings such as fidelity, trust, and stability. The entries consistently highlight its moral implications, particularly in relation to faithfulness.
אֱמוּנָה n.f. firmness, steadfastness, fidelity
lit. firmness, steadiness
steadfastness
faithfulness, trust
base
H530 אֱמוּנָה firmness, steadfastness, fidelity . lit. firmness, steadiness
. steadfastness
. faithfulness, trust
530 'emuwnah em-oo-naw'); or (shortened) >emunah {em-oo-naw'
feminine of 529; literally firmness; figuratively security;
morally fidelity:--faith(-ful, -ly, -ness, (man)), set
office, stability, steady, truly, truth, verily.
see HEBREW for 0529
אֱמוּנָה (e.mu.nah) — faithfulness.
firmness, fidelity, steadfastness, steadiness
HR/Ncfsa — Preposition · noun common feminine singular absoluteHR/Ncfsa
An infinite attribute of Jehovah; adapted to make perfect both the confidence of those who believe his word and rely on his promises, and the despair of those who doubt his word and defy his threatenings, De 28:26 Nu 23:19 Ps 89:33-34 Heb 10:23.
→ EXHORTATION TO Ps 12:1; 31:23; Pr 20:6; 28:20; Mt 10:22; 24:45-47; 25:14-23; Lu 12:42-44; 16:10-12; 19:12-27; 1Co 4:2; Re 2:10
See OBEDIENCE, EXHORTATION TO
See PERSEVERANCE
See MINISTERS, FAITHFUL
See REPROOF, FAITHFULNESS IN
→ INSTANCES OF
Abraham Ga 3:9
Moses Heb 3:5
David 2Sa 22:22-25
Elijah 1Ki 19:10,14
The Hebrew word עַל (*al*) is a preposition meaning 'upon' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including 'on account of,' 'beside,' 'above,' and 'against.' It can indicate physical placement, emotional burdens, or duties imposed on a person. The entries also note its use in idiomatic expressions and with verbs of motion. There is a mention of its function as a conjunction in certain contexts.
כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as
base
עַל, עָ֑ל
subst. height
As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed
—
of clothing, etc., which any one wears
With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
H5921a עַל, עָ֑ל . As prep. upon, and hence on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against . Upon, of the substratum upon which an object in any way rests, or on which an action is performed . — . of clothing, etc., which any one wears
. With verbs of covering or protecting, even though the cover or veil be not over or above the thing covered, but around or before it
. Of what rests heavily upon a person, or is a burden to him
. Of a duty, payment, care, etc., imposed upon a person, or devolving on him
. על is used idiom. to give pathos to the expression of an emotion, by emphasizing the person who is its subject, and who, as it were, feels it acting upon him
. חָיָה עַל to live upon (as upon a foundation or support)
5921 `al al
properly, the same as 5920 used as a preposition (in the
singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a
particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always
in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great
variety of applications (as follow):--above, according
to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, X as, at, because
of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, X both
and, by (reason of), X had the charge of, concerning for, in
(that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-)on, over, than,
through(-out), to, touching, X with.
see HEBREW for 05920
עַל (al) — upon.
prep
1) upon, on the ground of, according to, on account of, on behalf of, concerning, beside, in addition to, together with, beyond, above, over, by, on to, towards, to, against
1a) upon, on the ground of, on the basis of, on account of, because of, therefore, on behalf of, for the sake of, for, with, in spite of, notwithstanding, concerning, in the matter of, as regards
1b) above, beyond, over (of excess)
1c) above, over (of elevation or pre-eminence)
1d) upon, to, over to, unto, in addition to, together with, with (of addition)
1e) over (of suspension or extension)
1f) by, adjoining, next, at, over, around (of contiguity or proximity)
1g) down upon, upon, on, from, up upon, up to, towards, over towards, to, against (with verbs of motion)
1h) to (as a dative)
[כִּי] עַל [כֵּן] ([ki] al [ken]) — as.
conj
Conj | Prep | Suff — Conjunction · preposition · suffixHC/R/Sp3mp
נָגִיד (nagiyd) refers to a leader or ruler, often implying someone in a prominent position, such as a prince or captain. The word encompasses various types of leadership, including civil, military, and religious roles, and can also denote honorable themes or princely matters. It is derived from a root meaning to be in front, suggesting a position of command.
נָגִיד n.m. leader (lit. prob. one in front), ruler, prince
base
H5057 נָגִיד leader (lit. prob. one in front), ruler, prince
5057 nagiyd naw-gheed'
or nagid {naw-gheed'}; from 5046; a commander (as occupying
the front), civil, military or religious; generally
(abstractly, plural), honorable themes:--captain, chief,
excellent thing, (chief) governor, leader, noble, prince,
(chief) ruler.
see HEBREW for 05046
נָגִיד (na.gid) — leader.
1) leader, ruler, captain, prince
1a) ruler, prince
1b) prince-overseer
1c) ruler (in other capacities)
1d) princely things
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa
of'-i-ser: In the King James Version the term is employed to render different words denoting various officials, domestic, civil and military, such as caric, "eunuch," "minister of state" (Ge 37:36); paqidh, "person in charge," "overseer" (Ge 41:34); necibh, "stationed," "garrison," "prefect" (1Ki 4:19); shoTer, "scribe" or "secretary" (perhaps arranger or organizer), then any official or overseer. In Es 9:3 for the King James Version "officers of the king" the Revised Version (British and American) has (more literal) "they that did the king's business."
It is obvious that most, if not all, of the Hebrew words rendered "officer" are either of an indefinite character or are synonymous terms for functionaries known under other and more specific names, as "scribe," "eunuch" etc. The two words so rendered in the New Testament denote -- An inferior officer of a court of justice, a messenger or bailiff, like the Roman viator or lictor. (Matthew 5:25; Acts 5:22) Officers whose duty it was to register and collect fines imposed by courts of justice. (Luke 12:58)
→ CIVIL
Chosen by the people De 1:13-16
Appointed by kings 2Sa 8:16-18; 20:23-26; 1Ki 4:1-19; 9:22; Ezr 7:25
See GOVERNMENT
See JUDGE
See RULER
→ RELIGIOUS
See PRIEST
See LEVITE
See APOSTLE
See ELDER
See DEACON
See MINISTER
The Hebrew word כוֹנַנְיָ֫הוּ (*Kownanyahuw*) means 'Jehovah has established' and refers to a personal name, specifically Conaniah, associated with two Levite rulers during the Divided Monarchy, mentioned in 2 Chronicles 31:12. It is derived from the roots for 'to establish' and 'Jah' (a form of Jehovah).
כּוֹנַנְיָ֫הוּ Kt, כֳּנַנְיָ֫הוּ Qr, n.pr.m. Levites.
base
H3562 כּוֹנַנְיָ֫הוּ, כֳּנַנְיָ֫הוּ
3562 Kownanyahuw ko-nan-yaw'-hoo
from 3559 and 3050; Jah has sustained; Conanjah, the name of
two Israelites:--Conaniah, Cononiah. Compare 3663.
see HEBREW for 03559
see HEBREW for 03050
see HEBREW for 03663
כּוֹנַנְיָ֫הוּ (ko.nan.ya.hu) — Conaniah.
A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Ch.31.12;
brother of: Shimei (H8096Q)
§ Cononiah or Conaniah = "Jehovah has established"
1) a Levite ruler in the time of Hezekiah
2) a Levite chief in the time of Josiah
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
לֵוִי (Leviy) refers to a Levite, a member of the tribe of Levi, which is the third son of Jacob and Leah. This term encompasses the descendants of Levi, who were set apart for religious duties. The word is linked to the Hebrew root for 'joining,' reflecting the tribe's special role in service to God. It first appears in Genesis 29:34.
לֵוִי 291 adj.gent. Levite
base
H3881 לֵוִי Levite
3881 Leviyiy lay-vee-ee'
or Leviy {lay-vee'}; patronymically from 3878; a Levite or
descendant of Levi:--Leviite.
see HEBREW for 03878
לֵוִי (le.viy.yi) — Levi.
Someone from the tribe of Levi living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.29.34;
son of: Israel (H3478) and Leah (H3812);
brother of: Reuben (H7205), Simeon (H8095), Judah (H3063), Issachar (H3485), Zebulun (H2074) and Dinah (H1783);
half-brother of: Dan (H1835H), Naphtali (H5321), Gad (H1410), Asher (H0836), Joseph (H3130) and Benjamin (H1144);
father of: Gershon (H1648), Kohath (H6955), Merari (H4847) and Jochebed (H3115)
Another name of le.vi (לֵוִי "Levi" H3878)
§ Levite, of Levi "joined to"
1) the descendants of Levi, the 3rd son of Jacob by Leah
1a) the tribe descended from Levi specially set aside by God for His service
Art | Ngmsa — Particle · noun gentilic masculine singular absoluteHTd/Ngmsa
Levite
A descendant of the tribe of Levi (Ex. 6:25; Lev. 25:32; Num. 35:2; Josh. 21:3, 41). This name is, however, generally used as the title of that portion of the tribe which was set apart for the subordinate offices of the sanctuary service (1 Kings 8:4; Ezra 2:70), as assistants to the priests.
When the Israelites left Egypt, the ancient manner of worship was still observed by them, the eldest son of each house inheriting the priest’s office. At Sinai the first change in this ancient practice was made. A hereditary priesthood in the family of Aaron was then…
The Hebrew word שִׁמְעִי (*Shim'i*) means 'renowned' and refers to various individuals in the Old Testament, primarily from the tribes of Benjamin and Levi. It is associated with several notable figures, including a Levite and a Benjamite, and appears in contexts ranging from the time of David to the post-exilic period. The entries highlight multiple bearers of the name, but do not indicate any significant disagreement among lexicographers.
שִׁמְעִי 43 n.pr.m.
in Benj.
a Ramathite
Levites
brother of Zerub.
in Simeon
in Reuben
1
post-ex. names
grandfather of Mordecai
2
base
H8096 שִׁמְעִי . in Benj.
. a Ramathite
. Levites
. brother of Zerub.
. in Simeon
. in Reuben
. 1
. post-ex. names
. grandfather of Mordecai
. 2
8096 Shim`iy shim-ee'
from 8088; famous; Shimi, the name of twenty
Israelites:--Shimeah (from the margin), Shimei, Shimhi,
Shimi.
see HEBREW for 08088
שִׁמְעִי (shim.i) — Shimei.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Exo.6.17;
son of: Gershon (H1648);
brother of: Libni (H3845G);
father of: Jahath (H3189I), Zizah (H2126), Jeush (H3266J) and Beriah (H1283J)
Also named: shim.i (שִׁמְעִי "Shimeite" H8097)
§ Shimei or Shimhi or Shimi or Shimea = "renowned"
1) a Benjamite, son of Gera of the house of Saul in the time of David
2) a Benjamite, son of Elah and commissariat officer in the time of Solomon
3) the Ramathite in charge of the vineyards of David
4) son of Gershon and grandson of Levi
5) a Levite, son of Jeduthun and chief of the 10th division of singers in the time of David
6) a Levite of the sons of Heman who took part in the purification of the temple in the time of king Hezekiah of Judah
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper masculineHC/Npm
shim'-e-i (shim`i, possibly "hear me (El)" or "(Jah)"; Semeei, Semei): A name of frequent occurrence throughout the Old Testament records, sometimes varying slightly in form in English Versions of the Bible. The King James Version has "Shimi" in Ex 6:17; "Shimhi" in 1Ch 8:21; "Shimeah" in 2Sa 21:21. the Revised Version (British and American) has "Shimeites" in Zec 12:13, where the King James Version has "Shimei," and Nu 3:21 for the King James Version "Shimites." English Versions of the Bible has "Shema" in 1Ch 8:13,21 margin for the "Shimei" of 8:21. In all others…
Shimei
Famous. (1.) A son of Gershon, and grandson of Levi (Num. 3:18; 1 Chr. 6:17, 29); called Shimi in Ex. 6:17.
(2.) A Benjamite of the house of Saul, who stoned and cursed David when he reached Bahurim in his flight from Jerusalem on the occasion of the rebellion of Absalom (2 Sam. 16:5-13). After the defeat of Absalom he “came cringing to the king, humbly suing for pardon, bringing with him a thousand of his Benjamite tribesmen, and representing that he was heartily sorry for his crime, and had hurried the first of all the house of Israel to offer homage to the king” (19:16-23). David forgave him; but on his death-bed he gave Solomon special instructions regarding Shimei…
(renowned). Son of Gershon the son of Levi, (Numbers 3:18; 1 Chronicles 6:17,29; 23:7,9,10; Zechariah 12:13) called SHIMI in (Exodus 6:17) (B.C. after 1706.) Shimei the son of Gera, a Benjamite of the house of Saul, who lived at Bahurim. (B.C. 1023.) When David and his suite were seen descending the long defile, on his flight from Absolom, (2 Samuel 16:5-13) the whole feeling of the clan of Benjamin burst forth without restraint in the person of Shimei. He ran along the ridge, cursing and throwing stones at the king and is companions. The next meeting was very different. The king was now returning from his successful…
Shimi, that hears or obeys; my reputation; my fame
אָח (ach) means 'brother' and encompasses a broad range of relationships, including literal siblings, half-brothers, and metaphorical kinship. It can refer to any male relative or compatriot, and it may also imply resemblance or reciprocal relationships. The term is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, highlighting both familial and figurative connections.
אָח 630 n.m. brother
brother, born of same mother (& father)
indef. = relative
fig. of resemblance
in phr. one … another
base
H251 אָח brother
251 'ach awkh
a primitive word; a brother (used in the widest sense of
literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance
(like 1)):--another, brother(-ly); kindred, like, other.
Compare also the proper names beginning with "Ah-" or "Ahi-".
see HEBREW for 01
אָח (ach) — brother: male-sibling.
: male-sibling
1) brother
1a) brother of same parents
1b) half-brother (same father)
1c) relative, kinship, same tribe
1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)
1e) (fig.) of resemblance
אָח (ach) — brother: male-relative.
: male-relative
1) brother
1a) brother of same parents
1b) half-brother (same father)
1c) relative, kinship, same tribe
1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)
1e) (fig.) of resemblance
אָח (ach) — brother: compatriot.
: compatriot
1) brother
1a) brother of same parents
1b) half-brother (same father)
1c) relative, kinship, same tribe
1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)
1e) (fig.) of resemblance
N-ms | Suff — Noun common masculine singular construct · suffixHNcmsc/Sp3ms
מִשְׁנֶה (mishneh) means double, copy, or second, and can refer to a duplicate document or something that is second in order or rank. It can also denote a second quarter or district in a town. The word is derived from a root meaning repetition and encompasses various contexts, including quantity and location.
מִשְׁנֶה n.[m.] double, copy, second
base
H4932 מִשְׁנֶה double, copy, second
4932 mishneh mish-neh'
from 8138; properly, a repetition, i.e. a duplicate (copy of
a document), or a double (in amount); by implication, a second
(in order, rank, age, quality or location):--college, copy,
double, fatlings, next, second (order), twice as much.
see HEBREW for 08138
מִשְׁנֶה (mish.neh) — Second [Quarter].
This name means second, referring to the second quarter or district in a town
מִשְׁנֶה (mish.neh) — second.
1) double, copy, second, repetition
1a) double
1b) copy (of law)
1c) second (in order)
1c1) second rank
1c2) second in age
1d) second quarter or district
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular absoluteHNcmsa