1 Chronicles 2:4 — Word Study
WLCוְתָמָר֙ כַּלָּת֔וֹ יָ֥לְדָה לּ֖וֹ אֶת־ פֶּ֣רֶץ וְאֶת־ זָ֑רַח כָּל־ בְּנֵ֥י יְהוּדָ֖ה חֲמִשָּֽׁה׃ ס
BSATamarTâmâr [his daughter-in-law, related by marriage] Judah’s daughter-in-lawkallâh [the son of Jacob, an Israelite] boreyâlad■ [gave birth, beget] PerezPerets [meaning breach, a son of Judah] and ZerahZerach [a twin brother, a son of Judah] JudahYᵉhûwdâh had fivechâmêsh [fathered, became the parent of, a total of, exactly] sonsbên [male children, descendants] in allkôl [everything, the total number]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְתָמָר֙ | and Tamar | Conjunction, noun proper feminine |
| כַּלָּת֔וֹ | daughter-in-law his | Noun common feminine singular construct, suffix |
| יָ֥לְדָה | she bore | Verb, Qal, perfect third person feminine singular |
| לּ֖וֹ | to him | Preposition, suffix |
| אֶת־ | the object marker | Particle |
| פֶּ֣רֶץ | Perez | Noun proper masculine |
| וְאֶת־ | and the object marker | Conjunction, particle |
| זָ֑רַח | Zerah | Noun proper masculine |
| כָּל־ | all | Noun common, masculine singular construct |
| בְּנֵ֥י | [the] sons of | Noun common, masculine plural construct |
| יְהוּדָ֖ה | Judah | Noun proper masculine |
| חֲמִשָּֽׁה׃ ס | [were] five | Noun common, both singular absolute |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Tamar, Judah’s daughter-in-law, bore to him Perez and Zerah. Judah had five sons in all. |
| KJV | And Tamar his daughter in law bare him Pharez and Zerah. All the sons of Judah were five. |
| ASV | And Tamar his daughter-in-law bare him Perez and Zerah. All the sons of Judah were five. |
| YLT | And Tamar his daughter-in-law hath borne to him Pharez and Zerah. All the sons of Judah [are] five. |
| WEB | Tamar his daughter-in-law bore him Perez and Zerah. All the sons of Judah were five. |
| BBE | And Tamar, his daughter-in-law, had Perez and Zerah by him. All the sons of Judah were five. |
Where they part company is יָ֥לְדָה — see How Translations Differ.
Two main clauses connected by the conjunction, presenting Tamar's action and Judah's lineage.
5 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Trapp, Ellicott & more — read them ›
clause
verbיָלַד
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — 1 Chronicles 2:4
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Sons of Judahgenerated
1 Chronicles 2:4 presents Tamar as Judah’s daughter-in-law, who bore him two sons, Perez and Zerah. This verse is part of a larger genealogical account, detailing the lineage of Judah, one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The context highlights the importance of these descendants in the unfolding narrative of the Israelite people, connecting to earlier stories in Genesis 38:13–30 and later genealogies in Matthew 1:3.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Genesis 38:13–30 | When Tamar was told, “Your father-in-law is going up to Timnah to shear his sheep,” |
| 2 | Ruth 4:12 | And may your house become like the house of Perez, whom Tamar bore to Judah, because of the offspring the LORD will give you by this young woman.” |
| 3 | Matthew 1:3 | Judah was the father of Perez and Zerah by Tamar, Perez the father of Hezron, and Hezron the father of Ram. |
| 4 | 1 Chronicles 9:4 | Uthai son of Ammihud, the son of Omri, the son of Imri, the son of Bani, a descendant of Perez son of Judah. |
| 5 | Numbers 26:21 | And these were the descendants of Perez: the Hezronite clan from Hezron and the Hamulite clan from Hamul. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 13 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — יָ֥לְדָה, Yal.dahgenerated
The Hebrew verb יָלַד (*yalad*) means to bear or give birth. It is a Qal perfect form, indicating a completed action performed by a feminine subject, Tamar in this case. This word encompasses both the act of childbirth and the broader concept of lineage.
In this verse, it specifically refers to Tamar giving birth to her sons, emphasizing the continuation of Judah's family line. The use of this verb highlights the importance of lineage and inheritance in biblical narratives.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The finite verb יָ֥לְדָה governs the main clause, with the subject 'Tamar' and the object 'Perez and Zerah' following. The structure emphasizes the action of bearing children, which is central to the verse.
The sentence flows with a straightforward subject-verb-object order, typical of Hebrew prose, making the relationships clear and direct.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
In the Septuagint, יָ֥לְדָה is rendered as ἔτεκεν, which also means 'to give birth.' This choice reflects a direct translation of the Hebrew meaning, maintaining the focus on the act of childbirth.
The consistency in meaning between the Hebrew and Greek texts underscores the significance of Tamar's role in Judah's lineage.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
1 Chronicles 2:4 tells us that Tamar, Judah's daughter-in-law, gave birth to two sons, Perez and Zerah. This verse is part of a genealogy that lists Judah's descendants, showing the importance of family lines in the history of Israel.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Tamar was Judah's daughter-in-law, the wife of his son Er, and she is significant for bearing his sons Perez and Zerah.
Perez and Zerah are important figures in Judah's lineage, with Perez being an ancestor of King David.
Genealogies establish lineage, inheritance rights, and fulfillments of God's promises throughout biblical history.
This verse connects to the New Testament through the genealogy of Jesus, which includes Perez as an ancestor, as seen in Matthew 1:3.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What can I learn from Tamar's story about perseverance and faith?
- How does understanding my own family lineage help me appreciate my identity?
- In what ways can I see God's hand in my family history?
- How can I honor the legacy of my ancestors in my life today?
Commentators on this verse — 5 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on 1 Chronicles 2:4 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd Tamar his daughter in law bare him Pharez and Zerah,.... Through incest; they were twins, Genesis 38:27 all the sons of Judah were five; who are before mentioned by name.
Read John Gill on 1 Chronicles 2 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd Tamar his daughter in law bare him Pharez and Zerah. All the sons of Judah were five. No JFB commentary on these verses.
Read Robert Jamieson on 1 Chronicles 2 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments1 Chronicles 2:4 And Tamar his daughter in law bare him Pharez and Zerah. All the sons of Judah [were] five.Ver. 4. And Tamar.]
Read John Trapp on 1 Chronicles 2 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(4) Tamar.—Wife of Er. The story of her incest with Judah, the fruit of which was the twins Pharez (Heb., Perez) and Zerah (called Zarah, Genesis 38:30; and Zara, Matthew 1:3), is told in Genesis 38:8-30.
Read Charles John Ellicott on 1 Chronicles 2 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges3–17. The Descent of the Sons of Jesse from Judah 4. Pharez] R.V. Perez.
Read Cambridge on 1 Chronicles 2 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Tamar, Judah’s daughter-in-law, bore to him Perez and Zerah. Judah had five sons in all.
Tamar his daughter-in-law bore him Perez and Zerah. All the sons of Judah were five.
Tamar, Judah’s daughter-in-law, bore to him Perez and Zerah. Judah had five sons in all.
Tamar, Judah’s daughter-in-law, bore to him Perez and Zerah. Judah had five sons in all.
Tyndale line
And Tamar his daughter in law bare him Pharez and Zerah. All the sons of Judah were five.
And Tamar his daughter-in-law bare him Perez and Zerah. All the sons of Judah were five.
And Tamar his daughter in law bare him Perez and Zerah. All the sons of Judah were five.
And Tamar his daughter-in-law bore him Pharez and Zerah. All the sons of Judah were five.
And Thamar his daughter in law bare him Pharez, and Zerah: so al the sonnes of Iudah were fiue.
Strictly literal
And Tamar his daughter-in-law bore him Pherez and Zerah. All the sons of Judah were five.
And Tamar his daughter-in-law hath borne to him Pharez and Zerah. All the sons of Judah [are] five.
And his daughter-in-law Tamar has borne Perez and Zerah to him. All the sons of Judah [are] five.
And Thamar his daughter-in-law bore unto him Perez and Zerach. All the sons of Judah were five.
Tamar, his daughter-in-law, bore him Perez and Zerah. Judah had five sons.
From the Latin
And Thamar his daughter in law bore him Phares and Zara. So all the sons of Juda were five.
Simplified
Tamar was Judah's daughter-in-law, and she bore him Perez and Zerah. Judah had a total of five sons.
And Tamar, his daughter-in-law, had Perez and Zerah by him. All the sons of Judah were five.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint agree closely in this verse, with 11 of the 12 words matched. The Septuagint's word order differs, but its content remains aligned with the Hebrew text.
וְתָמָר֙ כַּלָּת֔וֹ יָ֥לְדָה לּ֖וֹ אֶת־ פֶּ֣רֶץ וְאֶת־ זָ֑רַח כָּל־ בְּנֵ֥י יְהוּדָ֖ה חֲמִשָּֽׁה׃ ס
11 of the 12 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in 1 Chronicles 2:4
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
תָּמָר (Tamar) refers to several women and a location, meaning "palm-tree." Notably, it includes the daughter-in-law of Judah, the daughter of David and sister of Absalom, and a place on the southern border of Gad. The entries indicate that there are three women named Tamar, each with distinct narratives in the Old Testament.
תָּמָר n.pr.
f.
daughter-in-law of Judah
daughter of David, sister of Absalom
loc. site not certain
base
H8559 תָּמָר n. pr. . f. . daughter-in-law of Judah
. daughter of David, sister of Absalom
. loc. site not certain
8559 Tamar taw-mawr'
the same as 8558; Tamar, the name of three women and a
place:--Tamar.
see HEBREW for 08558
תָּמָר (ta.mar) — Tamar.
A woman living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.38.6; married to Judah (H3063) and Er (H6147);
mother of: Perez (H6557) and Zerah (H2226I)
Also named: Thamar (Θάμαρ "Tamar" G2283)
§ Tamar = "palm-tree"
1) widow of Er, the son of Judah; fiancee of Shelah, another son of Judah; wife of Judah and mother of Pharez and Zerah
2) daughter of David by Maacah, sister of Absalom, and rape victim of Amnon her half brother, another son of David
3) daughter of Absalom
4) a place on the southern border of Gad
תָּמָר (ta.mar) — Tamar.
A woman of the tribe of Judah living at the time of United Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Sa.13.1;
daughter of: David (H1732) and Maacah (H4601I)
sister of: Amnon (H0550), Chileab (H3609), Absalom (H0053), Adonijah (H0138), Shephatiah (H8203), Ithream (H3507), Shammua (H8051H), Shobab (H7727), Nathan (H5416)…
Conj | N-proper — Conjunction · noun proper feminineHC/Npf
Tamar
Palm. (1.) A place mentioned by Ezekiel (47:19; 48:28), on the southeastern border of Palestine. Some suppose this was “Tadmor” (q.v.).
(2.) The daughter-in-law of Judah, to whose eldest son, Er, she was married (Gen. 38:6). After her husband’s death, she was married to Onan, his brother (8), and on his death, Judah promised to her that his third son, Shelah, would become her husband. This promise was not fulfilled, and hence Tamar’s revenge and Judah’s great guilt (38:12-30).
(3.) A daughter of David (2 Sam. 13:1-32; 1 Chr. 3:9), whom Amnon shamefully outraged and afterwards “hated exceedingly,” thereby illustrating the law of human nature noticed even by the heathen, “Proprium humani ingenii est odisse quem…
(palm tree). The wife successively of the two sons of Judah, Er and Onan. (Genesis 38:8-30) (B.C. about 1718.) Her importance in the sacred narrative depends on the great anxiety to keep up the lineage of Judah. It seemed as if the family were on the point of extinction. Er and Onan had successively perished suddenly. Judah’s wife, Bathshuah, died; and there only remained a child, Shelah, whom Judah was unwilling to trust to the dangerous union as it appeared, with Tamar, lest he should meet with the same fate as his brothers. Accordingly she resorted to the desperate expedient of entrapping the father himself into the union which he feared for his son. The fruits of this intercourse were twins, Pharez and Zarah, and through Pharez the sacred line was continued. Daughter of David and Maachah the Geshurite princess, and thus sister of…
A palm-tree,
1. A Canaanitish woman, mother of Pharez and Zarah, Ge 38:1-30.
2. A daughter of David. See TALMAI.
3. A daughter of Absalom, 2Sa 14:27.
palm; palm-tree
כַּלָה (kallah) primarily means 'bride' or 'daughter-in-law.' It is derived from a root meaning 'to be perfect.' The entries consistently refer to the word as denoting a son's wife or a young bride, with no significant disagreement among the lexicons.
כַּלָה n.f. daughter-in-law, bride
base
H3618 כַּלָה daughter-in-law, bride
3618 kallah kal-law'
from 3634; a bride (as if perfect); hence, a son's
wife:--bride, daughter-in-law, spouse.
see HEBREW for 03634
כַּלָּה (kal.lah) — daughter-in-law: bride.
: bride
1) bride, daughter-in-law
1a) daughter-in-law
1b) bride, young wife
Also means: kal.lah (כַּלָּה ": daughter-in-law" H3618H)
כַּלָּה (kal.lah) — daughter-in-law.
: daughter-in-law
1) bride, daughter-in-law
1a) daughter-in-law
1b) bride, young wife
N-fs | Suff — Noun common feminine singular construct · suffixHNcfsc/Sp3ms
The Hebrew word יָלַד (*yalad*) means to bear, bring forth, or beget, and it encompasses various forms of childbirth and lineage declaration. It can refer to both the act of giving birth and the role of a midwife. The entries also note its use in contexts of distress and wicked behavior, as well as in reference to birthdays.
יָלַד 497 vb. bear, bring forth, beget
Qal
bear, bring forth
less often beget
of both parents
Niph. be born
Pi. cause (or help) to bring forth, viz., assist or tend as midwife
Pu. be born
Hiph.
beget (a father a child)
bear
Hoph. day of one's being born = birthday
Hithp. declared their pedigree
base
H3205 יָלַד bear, bring forth, beget .. bear, bring forth
. less often beget
. of both parents
. be born
. cause (or help) to bring forth, viz., assist or tend as midwife
. be born
. . beget (a father a child)
. bear
. day of one's being born = birthday
. declared their pedigree
3205 yalad yaw-lad'
a primitive root; to bear young; causatively, to beget;
medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show
lineage:--bear, beget, birth((-day)), born, (make to) bring
forth (children, young), bring up, calve, child, come, be
delivered (of a child), time of delivery, gender, hatch,
labour, (do the office of a) midwife, declare pedigrees, be
the son of, (woman in, woman that) travail(-eth, -ing woman).
יָלַד (ya.lad) — to beget.
1) to bear, bringforth, beget, gender, travail
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to bear, bring forth
1a1a) of child birth
1a1b) of distress (simile)
1a1c) of wicked (behaviour)
1a2) to beget
1b) (Niphal) to be born
1c) (Piel)
1c1) to cause or help to bring forth
1c2) to assist or tend as a midwife
1c3) midwife (participle)
1d) (Pual) to be born
1e) (Hiphil)
1e1) to beget (a child)
1e2) to bear (fig. -of wicked bringing forth iniquity)
1f) (Hophal) day of birth, birthday (infinitive)
1g) (Hithpael) to declare one's birth (pedigree)
V-Qal-Perf-3fs — Verb · Qal · perfect third person feminine singularHVqp3fs
bor: According to the Book of the Covenant (Ex 20:20-23:33) a slave whom his master had purchased was to be released after six years. Should he choose to remain in his master's service a religious ceremony was necessary to ratify his decision. "Then his master shall bring him unto God" (better than "unto the judges" of the King James Version), "and shall bring him to the door, or unto the doorpost; and his master shall bore his ear through with an awl" (Ex 21:6). It is highly improbable that "unto God" means "to a sanctuary"; for there was no special reason for performing this ceremony near the door of a sanctuary. On the other hand the entrance to a private house was a sacred spot. According to primitive thinking near the door dwelt the household gods whose function it was to…
וֹ (o) — him.
Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine singular
HR/Sp3ms — Preposition · suffixHR/Sp3ms
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HTo — ParticleHTo
פֶּ֫רֶץ (Perets) refers to a male name meaning 'breach' and is primarily associated with a son of Judah and Tamar, mentioned in Genesis 38:29. He is the brother of Zerah and the father of Hezron and Hamul, linking him to the lineage of David. The name appears in various contexts, including geographical references.
פֶּ֫רֶץ n.pr.
m. son of Judah and Tamar
loc. in
פֶּ׳ עֻזָּא near Jerus.
הַר פְּרָצִים
base
H6557 פֶּ֫רֶץ n.pr. . m. son of Judah and Tamar
. loc.
6557 Perets peh'-rets
the same as 6556; Perets, the name of two
Israelites:--Perez, Pharez.
see HEBREW for 06556
פֶּ֫רֶץ (pe.rets) — Perez.
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of Egypt and Wilderness, first mentioned at Gen.38.29;
son of: Judah (H3063) and Tamar (H8559);
brother of: Zerah (H2226I);
half-brother of: Er (H6147), Onan (H0209) and Shelah (H7956);
father of: Hezron (H2696H) and Hamul (H2538)
§ Perez or Pharez = "breach"
twin son with Zarah of Judah by Tamar and ancestor of two families of Judah, the Hezronites and Hamulites; from the Hezronites came the royal line of David and Christ
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Perez
=Pharez, (q.v.), breach, the son of Judah (Neh. 11:4). “The chief of all the captains of the host for the first month” in the reign of David was taken from his family (1 Chr. 27:3). Four hundred and sixty-eight of his “sons” came back from captivity with Zerubbabel, who himself was one of them (1 Chr. 9:4; Neh. 11:6).
(breach). The "children of Perez," or Pharez, the son of Judah, appear to have been a family of importance for many centuries. (1 Chronicles 27:3; Nehemiah 11:4,6)
divided
Perez-Uzza
division of Uzza, or of strength
→ See PHAREZ
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HC/To — Conjunction · particleHC/To
זֶ֫רַח (ze.rach) refers to several figures in the Old Testament, including a son of Judah and Tamar, a grandson of Esau, and a Cushite invader of Judah. The name means "rising" and is associated with various descendants and families, such as the Zarhites and Ezrahites. Notably, there is some overlap in the identities of Edomite leaders mentioned.
זֶ֫רַח n.pr.m.
son of Judah and Tamar
Edomites
Levites
head of Simeonite family
a Cushite
base
H2226 זֶ֫רַח . son of Judah and Tamar
. Edomites
. Levites
. head of Simeonite family
. a Cushite
2226 Zerach zeh'-rakh
the same as 2225; Zerach, the name of three Israelites, also
of an Idumaean and an Ethiopian prince:--Zarah, Zerah.
see HEBREW for 02225
זֶ֫רַח (ze.rach) — Zerah.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.36.13;
son of: Reuel (H7467);
brother of: Nahath (H5184), Shammah (H8048) and Mizzah (H4199)
§ Zerah or Zarah = "rising"
1) a son of Reuel and grandson of Esau, one of the dukes of the Edomites
2) twin brother of Pharez, sons of Judah and Tamar; descendants are called Zarhites, Ezrahites, and Izrahites
3) son of Simeon; also called 'Zohar'
4) a Gershonite Levite, son of Iddo of Adaiah
5) the Ethiopian or Cushite, invader of Judah in the reign of Asa who defeated the invaders; probably the same as the Egyptian king Usarken I, second king of the Egyptian 22nd dynasty or perhaps more probably Usarken II, his 2nd successor
6) another Edomite leader; possibly same as 1
זֶ֫רַח (ze.rach) — Zerah.
A man living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.36.33;
father of: Jobab (H3103H)
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
ze'-ra (zerach, meaning uncertain):
(1) In Ge 38:30; 46:12; Nu 26:20; Jos 7:1,18,24; 22:20; 1Ch 2:4,6; 9:6; Ne 11:24; Mt 1:3, younger twin-son of Judah and Tamar, and an ancestor of Achan. In Nu 26:20; Jos 7:17 f he is the head of the Zerahites (also 1Ch 27:11,13). the King James Version has "Zarah" in Ge 38:30; 46:12, and "Zarhites" for "Zerahites" in…
Zerah
Sunrise. (1.) An “Ethiopian,” probably Osorkon II., the successor of Shishak on the throne of Egypt. With an enormous army, the largest we read of in Scripture, he invaded the kingdom of Judah in the days of Asa (2 Chr. 14:9-15). He reached Zephathah, and there encountered the army of Asa. This is the only instance “in all the annals of Judah of a victorious encounter in the field with a first-class heathen power in full force.” The Egyptian host was utterly routed, and the Hebrews gathered “exceeding much spoil.” Three hundred years elapsed before another Egyptian army, that of Necho (B.C. 609), came up against Jerusalem.
(2.) A son of Tamar (Gen. 38:30); called also Zara (Matt. 1:3).
(rising (of the sun)). A son of Reuel, son of Esau, (Genesis 36:13; 1 Chronicles 1:37) and one of the "dukes" or phylarchs of the Edomites. (Genesis 36:17) (B.C. after 1760.) Less properly, Zarah, twin son, with his elder brother Pharez, of Judah and Tamar. (Genesis 38:30; 1 Chronicles 2:4; Matthew 1:3) (B.C. about 1728.) His descendants were called Zarhites, Ezrahites and Izrahites. (Numbers 26:20; 1 Kings 4:31;
1. The son of Reuel, and grandson of Esau, Ge 36:13,17.
2. Son of Judah and Tamar, Ge 38:30; called Zara in Mt 1:3.
3. Son of Simeon, and founder of the Zarhites, Nu 26:13; called Zohar in Ge 46:10.
4. A Cushite king who invaded Judah with an immense army in the reign of Asa, 2Ch 14:9-13. It is not agreed by interpreters whether he came from Southern Arabia or from Egypt and Ethiopia. Many, however, follow Champollion, who identifies him with Osorchon and Osoroth of the Egyptian monuments and history, the son and successor of Shishak.
כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.
כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all
with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
Absolutely:
without the art., all things, all
with the art. הַכֹּל
where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
base
H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every
. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all
. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned
. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)
3605 kol kole
or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;
hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a
plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any
(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as
many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,
whoso(-ever).
see HEBREW for 03634
כֹּל (kol) — all.
1) all, the whole
1a) all, the whole of
1b) any, each, every, anything
1c) totality, everything
Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)
N-ms — Noun common · masculine singular constructHNcmsc
ol: Used in various combinations, and with different meanings.
(1) All along, "Weeping all along as he went" (Jer 41:6), i.e. throughout the whole way he went, feigning equal concern with the men from Shiloh, etc., for the destruction of the Temple, so as to put them off their guard.
(2) All in all, "That God may be all in all" (1Co 15:28, Greek: panta en pasin, "all things in all (persons and) things"). "The universe, with all it comprises, will wholly answer to God's will and reflect His mind" (Dummelow).
בֵּן (ben) means 'son' or 'male child' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including descendants, young animals, and even figurative uses like sparks or arrows. It can refer to members of a tribe or class and is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, such as in 1 Chronicles 24:26. The word is derived from a root meaning 'to build' and implies a connection to family or lineage.
בֵּן 4870 n.m. son
son, male child, born of a woman
children (male and female)
youth, young men
the young of animals
of plant shoots
fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
member of a guild, order or class
of animals son of (the) herd
ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
n. relat. of age
base
בְּנוֹ 1 Ch 24:26, 27 as n.pr.m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, cf. VB & Be Öt.
done
H1121a בֵּן son . son, male child, born of a woman
. children (male and female)
. youth, young men
. the young of animals
. of plant shoots
. fig. of lifeless things, sparks, stars, arrows
. . member of a guild, order or class
. of animals son of (the) herd
. ב׳ as n. relat. followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc.
. n. relat. of age
H1121b בְּנוֹ as n. pr. m. in AV, RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son
1121 ben bane
from 1129; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the
widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship,
including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition,
etc., (like 1, 251, etc.)):--+ afflicted, age, (Ahoh-)
(Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-)ite, (anoint-)ed one, appointed to,
(+) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-)ian, one born,
bough, branch, breed, + (young) bullock, + (young) calf, X
came up in, child, colt, X common, X corn, daughter, X of
first, + firstborn, foal, + very fruitful, + postage, X in, +
kid, + lamb, (+) man, meet, + mighty, + nephew, old, (+)
people, + rebel, + robber, X servant born, X soldier, son, +
spark, + steward, + stranger, X surely, them of, + tumultuous
one, + valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
see HEBREW for 01129
see HEBREW for 01
see HEBREW for 0251
בֵּן (ben) — son: child.
: child/son
בְּנוֹ (be.no) — Beno.
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.24.26;
son of: Jaaziah (H3269);
brother of: Shoham (H7719), Zaccur (H2139I) and Ibri (H5681)
§ Beno = "his son"
the sons of Jaaziah and the sons of Merari by Jaahziah (his son)
בֵּן (ben) — son: descendant/people.
: descendant, people, tribe, nation
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : child/son
בֵּן (ben) — son: young animal.
: calf/lamb/young(ANIMAL)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : descendant
בֵּן (ben) — son: type of.
: rebel/son(Belial)
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
§ : people/men/nation/tribe
בֵּן (ben) — son.
: [inheriting]son/heir
A sub-meaning of ben (בֵּן ": child" H1121)
בֵּן (ben) — son: warrior.
: warrior/son(strong)
N-mp — Noun common · masculine plural constructHNcmpc
See SON, SONS.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
יְהוּדָה (yehudah) means 'Judah' and is derived from a root meaning 'praised.' It refers to the son of Jacob and Leah, the tribe descended from him, and the territory they occupied. The term also encompasses the southern kingdom of Judah, which included the tribes of Judah and Benjamin. Additionally, it identifies various individuals, including Levites and overseers during the time of Ezra and Nehemiah.
יְהוּדָה 820 n.pr.m. et terr. Judah
n.pr.m.
son of Jacob and Leah
tribe descended from Judah
nation, of southern kingdom under dynasty of David, as distinguished from northern kingdom of Ephraim or Israel
Levite, Ezra’s time
an overseer of Jerus.
Levite musician
priest
n.pr.terr. land of Judah
base
H3063 יְהוּדָה Judah
3063 Yhuwdah yeh-hoo-daw'
from 3034; celebrated; Jehudah (or Judah), the name of five
Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of
its territory:--Judah.
see HEBREW for 03034
יְהוּדָה (ye.hu.dah) — Judah.
A man of the tribe of Judah living at the time of the Patriarchs, first mentioned at Gen.29.35;
son of: Israel (H3478) and Leah (H3812);
brother of: Reuben (H7205), Simeon (H8095), Levi (H3878), Issachar (H3485), Zebulun (H2074) and Dinah (H1783);
half-brother of: Dan (H1835H), Naphtali (H5321), Gad (H1410), Asher (H0836), Joseph (H3130) and Benjamin (H1144); married to Bath-shua (H1323I) and Tamar (H8559);
father of: Er (H6147), Onan (H0209), Shelah (H7956), Perez (H6557) and Zerah (H2226I)
§ Judah = "praised"
1) the son of Jacob by Leah
2) the tribe descended from Judah the son of Jacob
3) the territory occupied by the tribe of Judah
4) the kingdom comprised of the tribes of Judah and Benjamin which occupied the southern part of Canaan after the nation split upon the death of Solomon
5) a Levite in Ezra's time
N-proper — Noun proper masculineHNpm
Judah
Praise, the fourth son of Jacob by Leah. The name originated in Leah’s words of praise to the Lord on account of his birth: “Now will I praise [Heb. odeh] Jehovah, and she called his name Yehudah” (Gen. 29:35).
It was Judah that interposed in behalf of Joseph, so that his life was spared (Gen. 37:26, 27). He took a lead in the affairs of the family, and “prevailed above his brethren” (Gen. 43:3-10; 44:14, 16-34; 46:28; 1 Chr. 5:2).
Soon after the sale of Joseph to the Ishmaelites, Judah went to reside at Adullam, where he married a woman of Canaan. (See ONAN; TAMAR.) After the death of his wife Shuah, he returned to his father’s house, and there exercised much…
(praised, celebrated), the fourth son of Jacob and the fourth of Leah. (B.C. after 1753.) Of Judah’s personal character more traits are preserved than of any other of the patriarchs, with the exception of Joseph, whose life he in conjunction with Reuben saved. (Genesis 37:26-28) During the second visit to Egypt for corn it was Judah who understood to be responsible for the safety of Benjamin, ch. (Genesis 43:3-10) and when, through Joseph’s artifice, the brothers were brought back to the palace, he is again the leader and spokesman of the band. So too it is Judah who is sent before Jacob to smooth the way for him in the land of Goshen. ch. (Genesis 46:28) This ascendancy over his brethren is reflected in the last words…
The fourth son of Jacob and Leah, born in Mesopotamia, B. C. 1755, Ge 29:35. His name appears honorably in the history of Joseph, Ge 37:26,27 44:16-34; but disgracefully in that of Tamar his daughter-in-law, Ge 38:1-30. The dying benediction of Jacob foretells the superior power and prosperity of the family of Judah, and their continuance as chief of the Jewish race until the time of Christ, Ge 49:8-12. Though not the firstborn, Judah soon came to be considered as the chief of Jacob’s children, and his tribe was the most powerful and numerous. The southeastern part of Palestine fell to their lot. See JUDEA. On the border of their territory was Jerusalem, the seat of the…
the praise of the Lord; confession
חָמֵשׁ (chamesh) means 'five' in Hebrew. It serves as both a cardinal number and can indicate a multiple of five when combined with another number. The word also has an ordinal form, 'fifth.' The entries consistently define this numeral without any noted disagreement.
חָמֵשׁ, חֲמִשָּׁה 342 n.m. and f. five
base
H2568 חָמֵשׁ, חֲמִשָּׁה five
2568 chamesh khaw-maysh'
masculine chamishshah {kham-ish-shaw}; a primitive numeral;
five:--fif(-teen), fifth, five (X apiece).
חָמֵשׁ (cha.mesh) — five.
1) five
1a) five (cardinal number)
1b) a multiple of five (with another number)
1c) fifth (ordinal number)
Adj — Noun common · both singular absoluteHNcbsa
fiv (chamesh; pente).
See NUMBER.