Luke 1:3 — Word Study
N1904ἔδοξεν κἀμοὶ παρηκολουθηκότι ἄνωθεν πᾶσιν ἀκριβῶς καθεξῆς σοι γράψαι, κράτιστε Θεόφιλε,
BSAit seemed gooddokeō▸ [I thought it fitting, it was my opinion] also to mekagō having been acquaintedparakoloutheō■ [with great care, diligently, traced the course, searched out perfectly] from the firstanōthen [from above, from the very first] with all thingspas carefullyakribōs with methodkathexēs [in order, one after another] to yousu [to you, unto thee] to write,graphō▸ [to record, to put in writing] most excellentkratistos [noble, of high rank] Theophilus,Theophilos [friend of God]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| ἔδοξεν | it seemed good | Verb, aorist, active |
| κἀμοὶ | also to me | Personal pronoun, first person, dative |
| παρηκολουθηκότι | having been acquainted | Verb, perfect, active |
| ἄνωθεν | from the first | Adverb |
| πᾶσιν | with all things | Adjective, dative, plural |
| ἀκριβῶς | carefully | Adverb |
| καθεξῆς | with method | Adverb |
| σοι | to you | Personal pronoun, second person, dative |
| γράψαι, | to write, | Verb, aorist, active |
| κράτιστε | most excellent | Adjective, vocative, singular |
| Θεόφιλε, | Theophilus, | Noun, vocative, singular |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Therefore, having carefully investigated everything from the beginning, it seemed good also to me to write an orderly account for you, most excellent Theophilus, |
| KJV | It seemed good to me also, having had perfect understanding of all things from the very first, to write unto thee in order, most excellent Theophilus, |
| ASV | it seemed good to me also, having traced the course of all things accurately from the first, to write unto thee in order, most excellent Theophilus; |
| YLT | it seemed good also to me, having followed from the first after all things exactly, to write to thee in order, most noble Theophilus, |
| WEB | it seemed good to me also, having traced the course of all things accurately from the first, to write to you in order, most excellent Theophilus; |
| BBE | It seemed good to me, having made observation, with great care, of the direction of events in their order, to put the facts in writing for you, most noble Theophilus; |
Where they part company is παρηκολουθηκότι — see How Translations Differ.
The main clause is supported by two subordinate phrases that clarify Luke's intent and audience.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Trapp, Ellicott & more — read them ›
clause
verbδοκέω
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the New Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — ὁ, the commonest word in the Greek New Testament, stands 19,867 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Luke 1:3
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Preface to Luke's Gospelgenerated
Luke 1:3 shows that Luke, having thoroughly investigated the events of Jesus' life, felt it was important to write an orderly account for Theophilus. This approach reflects a commitment to accuracy and clarity, similar to other biblical writers who aimed to provide reliable accounts, as seen in Acts 1:1 and 1 Corinthians 1:1-3.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Acts 15:19–25 | It is my judgment, therefore, that we should not cause trouble for the Gentiles who are turning to God. |
| 2 | 1 Corinthians 7:40 | In my judgment, however, she is happier if she remains as she is. And I think that I too have the Spirit of God. |
| 3 | 1 Corinthians 16:12 | Now about our brother Apollos: I strongly urged him to go to you with the brothers. He was not at all inclined to go now, but he will go when he has the opportunity. |
| 4 | Luke 1:1 | Many have undertaken to compose an account of the things that have been fulfilled among us, |
| 5 | Psalm 40:5 | Many, O LORD my God, are the wonders You have done, and the plans You have for us— none can compare to You— if I proclaim and declare them, they are more than I can count. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 12 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — ἔδοξεν, dokeōgenerated
The verb δοκέω means to think or suppose, and it indicates a subjective opinion or judgment. In this context, it reflects Luke's personal decision to write an account based on his findings.
The aorist tense indicates a completed action, showing that Luke's decision was made after his investigation. This reinforces the idea that his writing is not based on hearsay but on careful consideration.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
The Berean Standard Bible translates the verse as, "it seemed good also to me," which aligns with the KJV and ASV. All three emphasize Luke's personal judgment.
Where the translations differ is in the rendering of παρηκολουθηκότι. The ASV and WEB use "having traced the course," while the BBE opts for "having made observation, with great care."
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb is ἔδοξεν, it seemed good, which governs the entire clause. There are several phrases that elaborate on what seemed good to Luke, including an infinitive phrase detailing his intent to write an account.
The structure includes a participial phrase παρηκολουθηκότι that describes Luke's thorough investigation, and a prepositional phrase ἀκριβῶς indicating the manner of his investigation.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
δοκέω appears in the Septuagint, often conveying the idea of having an opinion or judgment. It is linked to Hebrew terms that denote thought and perception.
The word ἄνωθεν is used in the Septuagint to mean 'from above' or 'from the beginning,' emphasizing the origin of Luke's information.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Luke 1:3 indicates that Luke carefully investigated everything about Jesus from the beginning and decided to write an orderly account for Theophilus. This shows his dedication to providing a clear and accurate narrative.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Luke refers to his thorough research into the life of Jesus, ensuring that his account is based on reliable information.
This title shows respect and suggests that Theophilus may have held a position of high rank.
An orderly account helps readers understand the sequence of events in Jesus' life, making the narrative clearer and more accessible.
Like other Gospel writers, Luke emphasizes the importance of accurate reporting, but he explicitly states his method of careful investigation.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What steps can I take to ensure that I understand the teachings of Jesus accurately?
- In what ways can I be diligent in my own studies, similar to how Luke investigated the events?
- How can I share the message of Jesus with others in an orderly and clear manner?
- What does it mean to you that Luke wrote this account specifically for Theophilus?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early church fathers commented on Luke's approach, emphasizing the reliability of his sources and the significance of his writing for Theophilus.
St. Luke hereby explains to us the source of his writing; seeing that what things he wrote, he gained not from report, but had himself traced them up from the beginning.Early Church Fathers on Luke 1 →
"It seemed right for me, too, following the same course from the beginning." He makes his point and repeats it. He did not learn from rumors what he is going to write. He himself has grasped it from the beginning.Early Church Fathers on Luke 1 →
Now, it is written that the Gospel is addressed to Theophilus, that is, to him whom God loves. If you love God, it is written to you;Early Church Fathers on Luke 1 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Luke 1:3 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleIt seemed good to me also,.... Being moved to it by the Holy Ghost; for he did not undertake this work of himself, merely by the motion of his own will, but was influenced, and directed to it by the
Read John Gill on Luke 1 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryIt seemed good to me also, having had perfect understanding of all things from the very first, to write unto thee in order, most excellent Theophilus, It seemed good to me also, having had perfect
Read Robert Jamieson on Luke 1 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments3 It seemed good to me also, having had perfect understanding of all things from the very first, to write unto thee in order, most excellent Theophilus, Ver. 3. Having had perfect understanding] Or, following them close at heels, and (as we say) hot-foot, παρηκολουθηκοτι. From the very first] Or, from above, ανωθεν, as inspired from heaven. To write unto thee in order] καθεξης, distinctly, and yet coherently. A singular praise in a historian, for the which Ambrose much admireth this our evangelist above all the other.
Read John Trapp on Luke 1 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(3) Having had perfect understanding of all things.—Better, having traced (or investigated) all things from their source. The verb used is one which implies following the course of events step by step. The adverb which follows exactly answers to what we call the origines of any great movement. It goes further back than the actual beginning of the movement itself. In order.—The word implies a distinct aim at chronological arrangement, but it does not necessarily follow, where the order in St. Luke varies from that of the other Gospels, that it is therefore the true order. In such matters the writer, who was avowedly a compiler, might well be at some disadvantage as compared with others. Most…
Read Charles John Ellicott on Luke 1 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 3. Having had perfect understanding] παρηκολουθηκοτιανωθεν, Having accurately traced up-entered into the very spirit of the work, and examined every thing to the bottom; in consequence of which investigation, I am completely convinced of the truth of the whole. Though God gives his Holy Spirit to all them who ask him, yet this gift was never designed to set aside the use of those faculties with which he has already endued the soul, and which are as truly his gifts as the Holy Spirit itself is. The nature of inspiration, in the case of St. Luke, we at once discover: he set himself, by impartial inquiry and diligent investigation, to find the whole truth, and to relate nothing but the…
Read AdamClarke on Luke 1 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges3. having had perfect understanding] Rather, having accurately traced out or followed up. See the same word in 1 Timothy 4:6; 2 Timothy 3:10. St Luke modestly puts himself exactly on the same footing as these narrators in not having the primary apostolic qualification, but claims continuous and complete knowledge and careful research.from the very first] St Luke’s Gospel differed from these narratives in beginning from the birth of John the Baptist, and the Annunciation, whereas they began at the manhood and Public Ministry of Christ, as do St Mark and St John. See Acts 1:22; Luke 16:16, “the Law and the Prophets were until John: since that time the Kingdom of God is preached.”in order] A…
Read Cambridge on Luke 1 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleIt seemed good - I thought it best; or, I have also determined. It seemed “to be called for” that there should be a full, authentic, and accurate account of these matters.
Read Albert Barnes on Luke 1 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible3. It seemed good to me also—This seeming good to himself does not exclude a concurrence with the influence of inspiration, nor a use of the aid of Paul.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Luke 1 →The verse in English, compared — 16 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Therefore, having carefully investigated everything from the beginning, it seemed good also to me to write an orderly account for you, most excellent Theophilus,
it seemed good to me also, having traced the course of all things accurately from the first, to write to you in order, most excellent Theophilus;
Therefore, having carefully investigated everything from the beginning, it seemed good also to me to write an orderly account for you, most excellent Theophilus,
So it seemed good to me as well, because I have followed all things carefully from the beginning, to write an orderly account for you, most excellent Theophilus,
Tyndale line
It seemed good to me also, having had perfect understanding of all things from the very first, to write unto thee in order, most excellent Theophilus,
it seemed good to me also, having traced the course of all things accurately from the first, to write unto thee in order, most excellent Theophilus;
it seemed good to me also, having traced the course of all things accurately from the first, to write unto thee in order, most excellent Theophilus;
It seemed good to me also, having had perfect understanding of all things from the very first, to write to thee in order, most excellent Theophilus,
It seemed good also to me (most noble Theophilus) assoone as I had searched out perfectly all things from the beginning, to write vnto thee thereof from point to point,
Strictly literal
it has seemed good to me also, accurately acquainted from the origin with all things, to write to thee with method, most excellent Theophilus,
it seemed good also to me, having followed from the first after all things exactly, to write to thee in order, most noble Theophilus,
it seemed good also to me, having followed from the first after all things exactly, to write to you in order, most noble Theophilus,
So it seemed good to me also, because I have accurately investigated everything from the beginning, to write an orderly account for you, most excellent Theophilus,
From the Latin
It seemed good to me also, having diligently attained to all things from the beginning, to write to thee in order, most excellent Theophilus,
Simplified
and so I also decided that since I have followed these things very carefully from the beginning, it would be a good idea to write out an accurate account of all that happened.
It seemed good to me, having made observation, with great care, of the direction of events in their order, to put the facts in writing for you, most noble Theophilus;
Word by word, the decisions they made
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the Nestle 1904 treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The earliest translations — Latin and Syriac
Every translation is an argument about meaning made by someone who had to commit to one. These two were made while the Greek was still a living language, and they are the oldest opinions we have about what this verse says.
visum est et mihi, assecuto omnia a principio diligenter, ex ordine tibi scribere, optime Theophile,
Jerome revised the Old Latin against the Greek from AD 382; the Latin west read this text for a thousand years.
ܐܬܚܙܝ ܐܦ ܠܝ ܡܛܠ ܕܩܪܝܒ ܗܘܝܬ ܝܨܝܦܐܝܬ ܠܟܠܗܘܢ ܕܟܠ ܡܕܡ ܒܛܟܣܗ ܐܟܬܘܒ ܠܟ ܢܨܝܚܐ ܬܐܘܦܝܠܐ
The Bible of the Syriac-speaking church, in the language nearest to the Aramaic Jesus spoke.
Shown verse by verse rather than word by word: aligning a Greek word to its Latin or Syriac counterpart automatically would be guesswork, and a wrong alignment is worse than none.
The Greek editions compared — what the manuscripts actually say
Eight printed editions of the Greek New Testament, side by side. Where they agree the wording is settled; where a word is missing from an edition it is marked, so you can see the difference rather than take it on trust.
ἔδοξεν κἀμοὶ παρηκολουθηκότι ἄνωθεν πᾶσιν ἀκριβῶς καθεξῆς σοι γράψαι, κράτιστε Θεόφιλε,
The standard critical text of the New Testament.
ἔδοξεν κἀμοὶ παρηκολουθηκότι ἄνωθεν πᾶσιν ἀκριβῶς καθεξῆς σοι γράψαι, κράτιστε Θεόφιλε,
The previous edition, still widely cited.
ἔδοξεν κἀμοὶ παρηκολουθηκότι ἄνωθεν πᾶσιν ἀκριβῶς καθεξῆς σοι γράψαι, κράτιστε Θεόφιλε,
The Society of Biblical Literature edition, freely licensed.
ἔδοξεν κἀμοὶ παρηκολουθηκότι ἄνωθεν πᾶσιν ἀκριβῶς καθεξῆς σοι γράψαι, κράτιστε Θεόφιλε,
The edition that turned scholarship toward the earliest manuscripts.
ἔδοξεν κἀμοὶ παρηκολουθηκότι ἄνωθεν πᾶσιν ἀκριβῶς καθεξῆς σοι γράψαι, κράτιστε Θεόφιλε,
An independent critical text built from the oldest witnesses then known.
ἔδοξεν κἀμοὶ παρηκολουθηκότι ἄνωθεν πᾶσιν ἀκριβῶς καθεξῆς σοι γράψαι, κράτιστε Θεόφιλε,
A recent critical edition following documentary evidence closely.
ἔδοξεν κἀμοὶ παρηκολουθηκότι ἄνωθεν πᾶσιν ἀκριβῶς καθεξῆς σοι γράψαι, κράτιστε Θεόφιλε,
The reading of the majority of surviving manuscripts.
ἔδοξεν κἀμοὶ παρηκολουθηκότι ἄνωθεν πᾶσιν ἀκριβῶς καθεξῆς σοι γράψαι, κράτιστε Θεόφιλε,
The printed tradition behind the King James Version.
A witness that read differently would show its variant word here, marked.
Word by word, across the editions
Every edition agrees. All 8 printed editions — Nestle-Aland 28, Nestle-Aland 27, SBLGNT, Westcott-Hort, Tregelles, Tyndale House 2017, Textus Receptus (KJV), Byzantine majority — carry every word of this verse, in the same order, with no difference that any translator would render differently.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Greek New Testament — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Luke 1:3
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Greek lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. Imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, the full Liddell-Scott-Jones, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate LSJ, Robinson and Packard on the Greek, Webster and Cawdrey on the English the translators were using. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
δοκέω is a verb meaning to think, suppose, or seem, derived from the notion of opinion. It appears in various contexts in the New Testament, often indicating subjective judgment or perception, such as in Matthew 3:9 and Luke 10:36. The entries suggest it can also imply a sense of reputation or being reputed, as seen in Galatians 2:6. There is a noted distinction in usage between δοκέω and related terms like ἡγέομαι and νομίζω, which convey different nuances of belief and judgment.
δοκέω, -ῶ
(< δόκος, opinion, < δέκομαι, Ion, form of δέχ-),
[in LXX for טוֹב, נָדַב, etc. ;]
to be of opinion, suppose: Mt 24:44, Lk 12:40, He 10:29; c. inf., Mt 3:9, Lk 8:18 24:37, Jo 5:39 16:2, Ac 12:9 27:13, I Co 3:18 7:40 8:2 10:12 14:37, Ga 6:3, Phl 3:4, Ja 1:26; c. acc et inf., I Co 12:23, II Co 11:16; seq. ὅτι, Mt 6:7 26:53, Mk 6:49,
δοκέω, -ὥ ; impf. ἐδόκουν ; 1 aor. ἔδοξα ; (akin to δέχομαι or δέκομαι, whence δόκος an assumption, opinion, [οἵ. Lat. decus, decet, dignus; Curtius § 15; cf. his Das Verbum, i. pp. 376, 3821}; [fr. Hom. down]; 1. to be of opinion, think, suppose : foll. by ace. with inf., Mk. vi. 49 [RG L Tr]; 2 Co. xi. 16; 1 Co. xii. 23 ; with an inf. relating to the same subject as that of δοκέω itself, Lk. viii. 18 (ὃ δοκεῖ ἔχειν) ; xxiv. 37 (ἐδόκουν πνεῦμα θεωρεῖν) ; In. v. 39; xvi. 2; Acts xii. 9; xxvii. 13; 1 Co. iil. 18; vii. 40; vili. 25 x. 12; xiv. 375 Gal. vi. 3; Phil. ni.4; Jas. 1. 26, μὴ δόξητε λέγειν ἐν ἑαυτοῖς do not suppose that ye may think, Mt. iii. 9; οἵ. Fritzsche ad loe. [0]]. by ὅτι, Mt. vi. 7; xxvi. 53; [Mk. vi. 49 T WH]; Lk. xii. 51; xiii. 2, 4; xix.11; Jn. v. 45; xi. 13, [81 T Tr WH]; xiii. 29; xx. 15; 1 Co. iv. 9; 2 Co. xii. 19; Jas.iv.5. so used that the object is easily…
Read the full entry →δοκέω. The verb is naturally common, e.g. P Par 4015 (8.6. τ64-58) εἶπα αὐτῷ μὴ ἐμὲ ἀξιοῦν, ἀλλά, δόξαντα ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ ἐν τῇ αὐλῇ εἶναι, παραγίνεσθαι, P Oxy VII. 1027° (i/A.D.) ὑπόμνημα ἀφ᾽ οὗ ἔδοξεν δυνήσασθαι ἐμποδισθῆναί μου τὴν πρᾶξιν, “ἃ memorandum by means of which he hoped that my execution might be prevented ” (Ed.), 26. 1032°8(A.p. 162) ἐάν σου τῇ τύχῃ δόξῃ, “if your fortune sees fit.” exx. of this last phrase we may cite P Petr I. 267 (B.c. 241) ἐάν σοι δοκεῖ, P Oxy IV. 718% (a.b. 180-02) ἐάν σοι δόξῃ, and 76. IX. 12208 (iii/A.b.) ἢ δοκῖ σοι, κύριέ pov, πέμψε por For other
δοκέω (dokeō) — to think.
δοκέω
[Refs 8th c.BC+]imperfect ἐδόκουν, Epic dialect δοκέεσκον [Refs 6th c.AD+]: —middle, δοκέοντο [Refs 3rd c.AD+]: participle δοκεύμενος[Refs]: the future and other tenses are twofold:
1. future δόξω and aorist 1 ἔδοξα [Refs 5th c.BC+]perfect δέδοχα inferred from pluperfect ἐδεδόχεσαν [Refs 2nd c.AD+]:—passive, aorist ἐδόχθην [Refs 5th c.BC+]: perfect δέδογμαι [Refs 5th c.BC+]: pluperfect ἐδέδοκτο [Refs]
2. regular forms (chiefly Trag., Comedy texts, and late Prose), future δοκήσω [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Doric dialect δοκησῶ or -ᾱσῶ[Refs 3rd c.BC+]aorist ἐδόκησα, Epic dialect δόκ- [Refs 8th c.BC+]: perfect δεδόκηκα [Refs 4th c.BC+]:— passive, aorist ἐδοκήθην [Refs 5th c.BC+]: perfect δεδόκημαι [Refs 5th c.BC+].; but δεδοκημένος (which see) belongs to…
δοκέω
dokeo
a prolonged form of a primary verb, doko dok'-o (used only in an
alternate in certain tenses; compare the base of 1166) of the same
meaning; to think; by implication, to seem (truthfully or
uncertainly):--be accounted, (of own) please(-ure), be of reputation,
seem (good), suppose, think, trow.
see GREEK for 1166
δοκέω
v.
I think, seem, appear, it seems
δοκέω dokeō 62x
to think, imagine, suppose, presume, Mt. 3:9; 6:7; to seem, appear, Lk. 10:36; Acts 17:18; it seems; it seems good, best, or right, it pleases, Lk. 1:3; Acts 15:22, 25
δοκέω = videor mihi, to think, suppose, imagine, expect, c. acc. et inf., δοκέω νικησέμεν Il.; οὔ σε δοκέω πείθεσθαι Hdt.; τεκεῖν δράκοντ᾽ ἔδοξεν she thought a serpent bare young ones, Aesch.; ἔδοξα ἰδεῖν, Lat. visus sum videre, methought I saw, Eur.; ἀείδειν δοκῶ I think to sing, Aesch.
absol. to have or form an opinion, περί τινος Hdt.; in parenthetic phrases, ὡς δοκῶ Trag.; πῶς δοκεῖς; how think you? Eur.
δοκῶ μοι in attic, just like δοκεῖ μοι, as Lat. videor mihi for videtur mihi, I seem to myself, methinks, c. inf., Hdt., etc.; also, I am determined, resolved, c. inf., Ar.
c. inf., also, to seem or pretend to be doing, Lat. simulo, or with a negat. to seem or pretend not to be doing, Lat. dissimulo; ἤκουσά του λέγοντος, οὐ δοκῶν κλύειν…
Verb-AAI-3S — Verb · aorist · active · indicative · third person · singularaorist active indicative — a completed action, viewed as a whole.
V-AAI-3S Part of Speech: Verb Tense: Aorist Voice: Active Mood: Indicative Person: third Number: Singular
good (Tobh, Tubh, yaTabh; agathos, agathon, kalos, kalon): In English "good" is used in various senses, most of which are represented in the Bible.
(1) In the Old Testament the commonest word is Tobh, occurring very frequently and translated in a great variety of ways. Of the different shades of meaning, which frequently run into each other, the following may be distinguished:
(a) Possessing desirable qualities, beneficial, agreeable, e.g. "good for food" (Ge 2:9); "We will do thee good" (Nu 10:29); Who will show us any good?" (Ps 4:6); "good tidings of good" (Isa 52:7).
64 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 33 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 62 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Counted over the 20 Old Testament verses where this Greek word stands: which Hebrew word keeps standing there too. A correspondence of verses rather than a word-by-word alignment, so read the percentage as strength of evidence, not as a claim about any single verse.
εἰ γάρ τις ἐθελήσειε τὴν αἰτίαν ἧς ἕνεκα τόδε τὸ πᾶν ἐδημιουργεῖτο διερευνᾶσθαι, δοκεῖ μοι μὴ διαμαρτεῖν σκοποῦ φάμενος, ὅπερ καὶ τῶν ἀρχαίων εἶπέ τις, ἀγαθὸν εἶναι τὸν πατέρα καὶ ποιητήν·
φύλλοις οὖν ἑαυτοὺς συκῆς ἐσκέπασαν καὶ ταῦτα πρὸ τῆς αἰδοῦς προβαλόμενοι μᾶλλον ἐδόκουν εὐδαιμονεῖν ὡς ὧν πρότερον ἐσπάνιζον εὑρόντες.
Τίνα δὲ δοκεῖτε τύπον εἶναι, ὅτι ἐντέταλται τῷ Ἰσραὴλ προσφέρειν δάμαλιν τοὺς ἄνδρας, ἐν οἷς εἰσὶν ἁμαρτίαι τέλειαι, καὶ σφάξαντας κατακαίειν, καὶ αἴρειν τότε τὴν σποδὸν παιδία καὶ βάλλειν εἰς ἄγγη καὶ περιτιθέναι τὸ ἔριον τὸ κόκκινον ἐπὶ ξύλον ʽἴδε…
αὐτὸν οὐκ ἀποδέδωκεν, ἀλλὰ παρείλκυκέν με ἕως τοῦ νῦν. δέομαι οὖν σου, εἴ σοι δοκεῖ, προστάξαι Ἀγήνορι τῶι στρατηγῶι ἀνακαλέσαι αὐτὸν καὶ, ἐὰν ἦι ἀληθῆ, ἐπαναγκάσαι αὐτὸν κομισάμενον τὰς
r … γενέθλια τοῦ βασιλέως καὶ βασιλίσσης οἴνου παλαιοῦ εὐώδους κεράμια ὅσα ἄν σοι δόξῃ, ὡσαύτως δὲ καὶ ἱερεῖα … προαπο … ν … εἰς τὴν ἑορτὴν
ἤρξατο Ἀμμώνιος τὰς ὠνὰς ἐπικηρύσσειν. γίνωσκε δὲ καὶ τὰ βαλανεῖα μισθούμενα ἀνυπόλογα παντὸς ὑπολόγου. ἔδοξεν οὖν μοι μηθὲν ὑποστῆναι ἕως τοῦ σε παραγενέσθαι. ἐὰν οὖν εὔκαιρόν σοι ἦι, παραγενοῦ,
The first-person pronoun. A Greek verb already carries its person in the ending, so the pronoun is usually present for emphasis. Luke puts himself inside the “us” among whom these things were fulfilled: he writes as one of the people the events happened to, not as an observer standing outside them.
ἐγώ, gen, etc., ἐμοῦ, ἐμοί, ἐμέ (enclitic μου, μοι, με), pl. ἡμεῖς, -ῶν, -ῖν, -ᾶς,
pers. pron.
I.
ἐγώ, gen. ἐμοῦ, enclitic pod; dat. ἐμοί, enclitic μοί; acc. ἐμέ, enclitic μέ; plur. ἡμεῖς, ete.; personal pronoun, J. 1. The nominatives ἐγώ and ἡμεῖς, when joined to a verb, generally have force and emphasis, or indicate antithesis, as Mt. iii. 11; Mk.i. 8; Lk. iii. 16 (ἐγὼ pev... ὁ δέ); Mt. iii. 14 (ἐγὼ... ἔχω, καὶ σύν ; V. 22, 28, 39, and often; ἡμεῖς, contrasted with God, Mt. vi. 12; ἡμεῖς x. of Φαρισαῖοι, Mt. ix. 14; cf. W. § 22,6. But sometimes they are used where there is no emphasis or antithesis in them, as Mt. x. 16; Jn. x. 17; and in many edd. in Mk. i. 2; Lk. vii. 27; οἵ. B. §129, 12. ἰδοὺ ἐγώ, 1397, behold me, hereamT: Acts ix.10 (1S. iii. 8). ἐγώ, like 38, Jam: Jn. i. 23; Acts vii. 32, [ef. W.585 (544); B. 125 (109)]. 2. The enclitic (and monosyllabic) gen., dat., and ace. are connected with nouns, verbs, adverbs, but not with prepositions: ἔμπροσθέν pov, Jn. i. 15; ὀπίσω…
Read the full entry →ἐγώ. Deissmann (ZAZ p. 134 ff.) has drawn attention to the parallels to the solemn use of the first personal pronoun in the Fourth Gospel that may be adduced from inscriptions and magical texts. Thus in an inscr. in honour of Isis from Ios, written in ii/iii A.p., the contents of which are preChristian, we find —Elows ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ τ[ύρανν]ος πάσης χόρας.. ἐγὼ νόμους ἀνθρώποις ἐθέμην . . ἐγώ εἰμι Kpdvov θυγάτηρ πρεσβυτάτη α΄. And similarly in the magical papyrus P Lond 4645 (iv/a.p.) (=I. p. 69) ἐγώ εἰμι ὃ ἀκέφαλος δαίμων . . ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ἀλήθεια ὁ μεισῶν ἀδικήματα γείνεσθαι ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ α΄. With the construction of the phrase τί ἐμοὶ καὶ σοί ; in Jn 24 we may compare BGU IV. 1141°8 (n.c. 14) ἐδίδουν αὐτῷ διαστολὰς μηδὲν αὐτῶι καὶ ἐκείνωι εἶναι : for its meaning see Ε΄. C. Burkitt in 77:5 xiii. p- 594f., where it is rendered, ‘‘ What have I and thou to do with that ?” On the difficult…
Read the full entry →ἐγώ (egō) — I/we.
ἐγώ,
I: pronoun of the first person:—Epic dialect mostly ἐγών before vowels (so in Doric dialect, before consonants, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Boeotian dialect ἱών [Refs 2nd c.AD+]:— strengthened ἔγωγε, I at least, for my part, indeed, for myself (more frequently in Attic dialect than in [Refs 8th c.BC+]: Doric dialect ἐγώνγα [Refs 7th c.BC+]: Boeotian dialect ἱώνγα [Refs 6th c.BC+]; ἱώνει [Refs]; ἰώγα [Refs 5th c.BC+]: Laconian dialect and Tarentum dialect ἐγώνη, [Refs 2nd c.AD+]
II. oblique cases from a different root, genitive ἐμοῦ, enclitic μο; Ionic dialect and Epic dialect ἐμέο, ἐμεῦ, μευ, also ἐμέθεν [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Aeolic dialect ἔμεθεν [Refs 7th c.BC+]; Doric dialect ἐμέος, ἐμεῦς, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Boeotian dialect ἐμοῦς [Refs 6th c.BC+] — _dative_ ἐμοί, enclitic μοι (which may be compared with…
ἐγώ
ego
a primary pronoun of the first person I (only expressed when
emphatic):--I, me. For the other cases and the plural see 1691, 1698,
1700, 2248, 2249, 2254, 2257, etc.
see GREEK for 1691
see GREEK for 1698
see GREEK for 1700
see GREEK for 2248
see GREEK for 2249
see GREEK for 2254
see GREEK for 2257
ἐγώ
Pers.pr.
I
ἐγώ egō 2x
I, gen., ἐμοῦ [μου], dat., ἐμοί [μοι], acc., ἐμέ [με]
ἐγώ
pron. of the first person, Lat ego
epic ἐγών before vowels
Pron-1DS-K — Personal pronoun · first person · dative · singulardative — to, for, with — the one it is done to or by.
Agrees with anything else marked singular.
P-1DS-K Part of Speech: Personal pronoun Person: first Case: Dative Number: Singular merged by crasis with a second word; declension is that of the second word
866 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 25 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 2,567 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
18 inflected forms — one of the commonest words in the New Testament. Full distribution →
Counted over the 853 Old Testament verses where this Greek word stands: which Hebrew word keeps standing there too. A correspondence of verses rather than a word-by-word alignment, so read the percentage as strength of evidence, not as a claim about any single verse.
ᾗ δὲ συνέστηκεν, εἰσόμεθα παρακολουθήσαντες εἰκόνι τινὶ τῶν παρ’ ἡμῖν.
ὅπως Ἅβραμος ὁ πρόγονος ἡμῶν ἐξελθὼν ἐκ τῆς Χαλδαίων γῆς κατέσχε τὴν τότε μὲν Χαναναίαν νῦν δὲ Ἰουδαίαν λεγομένην.
Χαίρετε, υἱοὶ καὶ θυγατέρες, ἐν ὀνόματι κυρίου τοῦ ἀγαπήσαντος ἡμᾶς, ἐν εἰρήνῃ.
συνγενόμενοι Ὥρωι Ψεν … λειτουργῶι μέχρι τοῦ ἀποδοθῆι τὸν ἐπεσταλμένον ἡμῖν κατὰ μῆνα πυρὸν τοῖς παρʼ ἡμῶν. διʼ ἄλλων γεγράφαμεν ὑμῖν ὑπὲρ ὧν βουλόμεθα μηδεμιᾶς
σφραγίδων, ἧς ἐτελειώθη ὠνῆς ἀποστασίου ἐν τῷ ιδ ἔτει Φαῶφι ι εἰς τὸ ἐνλιπὸν μοι ἄπρατον γῆς ἀρουρῶν γ, καὶ μὴ ἐπελεύσεσθαι μήτʼ αὐτὸν Κολλούθην μήδʼ ἄλλον μηδένα ὑπὲρ
παρὰ Πατῆτος τοῦ Πανεβχώνιος. ἐκμισθωθείσης μοι τῆς νήσου καλουμένης Περχμασσινηιτ εἰς τὸ ιϛ ἔτος πυροῦ ἀρτάβας τεσσαράκοντα πέντε γίνονται πυροῦ
παρακολουθέω (parakoloutheo) means to follow closely or accompany, often with a sense of investigation or understanding. It can refer to physical following, as well as metaphorical applications like adhering to a standard of conduct. The New Testament uses it in contexts such as Mark 16:17 and Luke 1:3, where it emphasizes close attention or conformity.
** παρ-ακολουθέω, -ῶ,
[in LXX: II Mac 8:11 9:27 R*;]
c. dat., to follow closely, accompany. Metaph., in various senses,
to result: Mk 16:[17];
to follow up, trace, investigate: Lk 1:3 (so freq. in cl.);
to follow as a standard of conduct: I Ti 4:6, II Ti 3:10. (For exx. from π., v. MM, xviii.)†
παρ-ακολουθέω, -@ : fut. παρακολουθήσω ; 1 aor. παρηκολούθησα (1 Tim. iv. 6 L mrg. WH mrg.; 2 Tim. iii. 10 L T Tr WH txt.); pf. παρηκολούθηκα ; 1. to follow after; so to follow one as to be always at his side [see παρά, IV. 1]; to follow close, accompany, (so fr. Arstph. and Xen. down). 2. metaph. a. to be always present, to attend one wherever he goes: τινί, Mk. xvi. 17 [where Tr WH txt. dxodov6., q. ν.]. Ὁ. to follow up a thing in mind so as to attain to the knowledge of it, i.e. to understand, [cf. our follow a matter up, trace its course, etc. ] ; to examine thoroughly, investigate : πᾶσιν (i. 6. mpaypacw), all things that have taken place, Lk. i. 3 (very often so in Grk. auth., as Dem. pro cor. ο. 53 [p. 285, 237). ce. to follow faithfully se. a standard or rule, to conform one’s self to: with a dat. of the thing, 1 Tim. iv. 6; 2 Tim. iii. 10, (2 Mace. ix. 27). Cf. the full…
Read the full entry →παρακολουθέω προσενεχθήσεσθ᾽ αὐτῶι, ‘for I think that you above all others when you have investigated the truth will deal more severely with him.’’ But Cadbury in an elaborate article (χα, VIII. xxiv. p. 406), to which we are much indebted, points out that ‘* Apollonius is not appealing for investigation, but is asking Ptolemaeus to summon the offending person to trial,’’ adding that he will summon no other than Ptolemaeus as witness, seeing that of all concerned he is most ‘‘cognizant of the truth of the case.” The verb, that is, ‘refers not to future inquiry but to past first-hand knowledge,” a sense which, as Cadbury points out, may be further illustrated by such passages as PSI IV. 4118 (iii/B.c.) ὅπως οὖν παρακολουθῶν καὶ σὺ πρὸς ταῦτα ἐξαγάγηις τοὺς λόγους γέγραφά σοι, and P Lond 2355 (B.c. 158-7) (= UPZ i, p. 154) τῆς πρὸς Σώστρατον γραμματέα γεγραμένης ἐπιστολῆς τἀντίγραφον…
Read the full entry →παρακολουθέω (parakoloutheō) — to follow.
παρᾰκολουθ-έω,
follow or attend closely, dog one's steps, τινι [Refs 5th c.BC+]; accrue, especially of loss or damage, with dative, [Refs 2nd c.BC+]
2. make a succession of growths, [Refs 4th c.BC+]
II. metaphorically, follow closely, attend minutely to, π. τῷ νοσήματι [Refs 5th c.BC+]; π. ἅπασι [τοῖς πονηρεύμασι] trace accurately all his knaveries, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. χρόνοις follow all the times and dates, [NT+3rd c.BC+]; τοῖς δικαίοις π. [Refs 4th c.BC+]; π. ταῖς τιμαῖς (prices) [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; τῇ Ὁνοράτου κρίσει [Refs 2nd c.AD+]
II.2. of an audience, προσέχειν τὸν νοῦν καὶ π. εὐμαθῶς [Refs 4th c.BC+]: generally, follow with the mind, understand, π. τῷ πῶς.. [Refs 2nd c.BC+]; παρακολουθεῖν τούτῳ ὅτι.. understand…
παρακολουθέω
parakoloutheo
from 3844 and 190; to follow near, i.e. (figuratively) attend (as a
result), trace out, conform to:--attain, follow, fully know, have
understanding.
see GREEK for 3844
see GREEK for 190
παρακολουθέω
v.
I accompany, follow closely, investigate
παρακολουθέω parakoloutheō 3x
to follow or accompany closely; to accompany, attend, characterize, Mk. 16:17; to follow with the thoughts, trace, Lk. 1:3; to conform to, 1 Tim. 4:6; 2 Tim. 3:10*
παρακολουθέω fut. ήσω to follow beside, follow closely, c. dat., Dem.: of a physician, π. νοσήματι Plat.; so, π. τοῖς πράγμασιν ἐξ ἀρχῆς Dem.: of an audience, to follow with the mind, Aeschin.
Verb-RAP-DSM — Verb · perfect · active · participle · dative · singular · masculinedative — to, for, with — the one it is done to or by.
Agrees with anything else marked singular masculine.
V-RAP-DSM Part of Speech: Verb Tense: peRfect Voice: Active Mood: Participle Case: Dative Number: Singular Gender: Masculine
4 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 4 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 4 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
τῇ δὲ παιδί, καθάπερ ἔφην, τοτὲ μὲν ἔλεος καὶ συγγνώμη τοτὲ δὲ ἀπαραίτητος τιμωρία παρακολουθήσει.
τ … … ποιήσαις ἀξιόπιστόν τινα αὐτῶι συναποστείλας … … τοῦ ἀργυρίου κυριεύσει καὶ παρακολουθήσει … … πληρώματος δὲ καλῶς α … … γὰρ τὸ διάφορόν ἐστι. ἔρρωσο.
The Greek word ἄνωθεν (i.e., *anōthen*) is an adverb meaning 'from above' or 'from the beginning.' It can also imply 'again' or 'anew.' The term is used in various contexts in the New Testament, including references to heavenly origins (John 3:31) and the idea of rebirth (John 3:3, 7). Some lexicographers debate its meaning in specific verses, particularly regarding its use in John.
ἄνωθεν
adv,
(< ἄνω),
from above: ἀπὸ ἄ., Mt 27:51, Mk 15:38; ἐκ τῶν ἄ., Jo 19:28; meaning, from heaven: Jo 3:31 19:11, Ja 1:17 3:15, 17 .
anew, again: Jo 3:3, 7, (so most, but v. Meyer, in l.; cf. Field, Notes, 86 f.); πάλιν ἄ., Ga 4:9 (MM, VGT, s.v.).†
ἄνωθεν, (dvw),adv.; a. from above, froma higher place: ἀπὸ ἄνωθεν (W. § 50, 7 N. 1), Mt. xxvii. 51 ['Tdf. om. ἀπό] ; Mk. xv. 38; ἐκ τῶν ἄνωθεν from the upper part, from the top, Jn. xix. 23. Often (also in Grk. writ.) used of things which come from heaven, or from God as dwelling in heaven: Jn. iii. 31; xix.11; Jas. i. 173 iii. 15,17. Ὁ. from the first: Lk. i. 3; then, from the beginning on, from the very first: Acts xxvi.5. Hence ο. anew, over again, indicating repetition, (a use somewhat rare, but wrongly denied by many [Mey. among them ; cf. his comm. on Jn. and Gal. as below]) : Jn. iii. 3, 7 ἄν. γεννηθῆναι, where others explain it from above, i. e. from heaven. But, ace. to this explanation, Nicodemus ought to have wondered how it was possible for any one to be born from heaven; but this he did not say; [ef. Westcott, Com. on Jn. p.63]. Of the repetition of physical birth, we read…
Read the full entry →ἄνωθεν. In P Petr III. 43(2) 15.117 (B.c. 246) ἄνωθεν is found in opposition to κάτω : Azat contextus. P Hib I. 110% (records of postal service, ¢. B.C. 255) Spas πρώτης παρέδωκεν Θεύχρ[η]στος ἄνοθεν Δινίαι κυ(λιστοὺς) ¥, ‘‘ Ist hour, Theochrestus delivered to Dinias 3 rolls from the upper country ” (Edd.). Ανοθεν appears again twice in this document, and κάτοθεν ‘‘from the lower country.” (This is a very early example of the approximation of o and @, on which see Proleg.® pp. 244 and 35 f.). BGU IV. 1208? (Aug.) KatayTH[oals ἐκ τῶν ἄνωθεν [τόπων]... ἐκομισά[μη]ν Sia Σωτηρίχου κτὰ. In P Tebt I. 599", 10 (B.c. 99) ἣν ἔχετε πρὸς ἡμᾶς ἄνωθεν πατρικὴν φιλίαν, and διὰ τὸ ἄνωθεν
ἄνωθεν (anōthen) — from above/again.
ἄνωθεν
and ἄνωθε [Refs 5th c.BC+], Doric dialect ἄνωθα [Refs]: (ἄνω):—adverb of Place, from above, from on high, θεοὺς ἄ. γῆς ἐποπτεύειν ἄχη[Refs 5th c.BC+]; from the interior of a country, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; especially from inner Asia, [Refs 1st c.AD+]; from the north, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
2. like{ἄνω}, above, on high, opposed to κάτωθεν or κάτω, [Refs 4th c.BC+]: of the gods, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; of men on earth, οἱ ἄ. the living, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; those on deck (in a ship), [Refs 5th c.BC+]; of birds of the air, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἡ ἄ. Φρυγία upper Phrygia, [Refs 4th c.BC+]
2. b rarely with genitive, ἄ. τοῦ στρατοπέδου[Refs 5th c.BC+]
ἄνωθεν
anothen
from 507; from above; by analogy, from the first; by implication,
anew:--from above, again, from the beginning (very first), the top.
see GREEK for 507
ἄνωθεν
Adv
from above, from the beginning, again
ἄνωθεν ἄνω adv. of place from above, from on high, Hdt., Trag., etc.; ὕδατος ἄνωθεν γενομένου, i. e. rain, Thuc.: from the upper country, from inland, id. Thuc.
= ἄνω, above, on high, Trag.; οἱ ἄν. the living, opp. to οἱ κάτω, Aesch.:—c. gen., Hdt.
of Time, from the beginning, Plat., Dem.:— by descent, Theocr.; τὰ ἄν. first principles, Plat.
over again, anew, NTest.
Adv — Adverbadverb — it qualifies the verb, and never changes form.
ADV ADVerb or adverb and particle combined
furst ('echadh, ri'shon; proton, to proton, protos):
Of these words, which are those most frequently used for "first," ri'shon is from rosh, "the head, and is used for the highest, chief, etc.; also of time, the beginning, e.g. Ge 8:13, in the first month"; in Isa 44:6; 48:12, it is used of Yahweh as Eternal and solely Supreme--the First and the Last (compare Isa 41:4). Special usages are in connection with "firstborn," "first- fruit," etc.; proton is used of that which is first in order; but also of that which is first or chief in importance, etc. (Mt 6:33; Jas 3:17). In
13 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 4 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 13 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Counted over the 20 Old Testament verses where this Greek word stands: which Hebrew word keeps standing there too. A correspondence of verses rather than a word-by-word alignment, so read the percentage as strength of evidence, not as a claim about any single verse.
Ἐπεὶ δ’ ἐκ τῶν οὐρανίων τὰ ἐπίγεια ἤρτηται κατά τινα φυσικὴν συμπάθειαν, ὁ τῆς ἑβδομάδος λόγος ἄνωθεν ἀρξάμενος κατέβη καὶ πρὸς ἡμᾶς τοῖς θνητοῖς γένεσιν ἐπιφοιτήσας.
ταύτης δʼ ὑπʼ ὄψιν οὐκ ἐρχομένης, ἀλλὰ βαθεῖ μὲν κρυπτομένης σκότει, πνεύματος δʼ αὐτὴν ἄνωθεν ἐπιθέοντος, γενέσθαι φῶς ἐκέλευσεν ὁ θεός.
οὐκ οἴομαι δὲ ὑμᾶς ἀγνοεῖν, ὅτι ἐκκλησία ζῶσα σῶμά ἐστιν Χριστοῦ: λέγει γὰρ ἡ γραφή: Ἐποίησεν ὁ θεὸς τὸν ἅνθρωπον ἅρσεν καὶ θῆλυ: τὸ ἄρσεν ἐστὶν ὁ Χριστός, τὸ θῆλυ ἡ ἐκκλησία: καὶ ἔτι τὰ βιβλία καὶ οἱ ἀπόστολοι τὴν ἐκκλησίαν οὐ νῦν εἶναι λέγουσιν…
καὶ πάσης ἐμποιήσεως διὰ παντὸς ἐπὶ τὸν ἅπαντα χρόνον καὶ ποτιεῖ κατὰ τὰς ἔτι ἄνωθεν συνηθείας. εὐδοκεῖ δὲ ἡ τοῦ Ἀπολλωνίου γυνὴ Ταπαεῖς ἡ καὶ Ταπιτύνις Πετεεῦτος καὶ ἡ
καὶ κατεργαζομένους καὶ κατασπείροντας καὶ μισθοῦντας καὶ τοὺς ποτισμοὺς καὶ τὰς ἐκχύσεις ποιουμένους ὡς ἄνωθεν εἴθισται καὶ τὰ ἐξ αὐτῶν ἀποφερομένους καὶ ὑποτιθέντας καὶ ἑτέροις παραχωροῦντας καὶ διοικοῦντας περὶ
αὐτῆς κυριεύοντας τῶν παρακεχωρημένων ἀρουρῶν καὶ τοῖς ποτισμοῖς καὶ ταῖς ἐκχύσεσι χρωμένους ὡς ἔτι ἄνωθεν εἴθισται, καὶ τὰ ἐξ αὐτῶν ἐσόμενα ἀποφερομένους εἰς τὸ ἴδιον καὶ … ὡς βούλονται
The Greek word πᾶς (i.e., *pas*) means 'all' or 'every' and appears in various forms, including masculine, feminine, and neuter. It is used in the New Testament to denote totality, as in 'all things' or 'every kind,' and can function as an adjective or pronoun. Notably, it can also imply 'the whole' when used with definite articles, as seen in verses like Matthew 28:18.
πᾶς, πᾶσα, πᾶν, gen., παντός, πάσης, παντός,
[in LXX chiefly for כֹּל;]
all, every.
As adj.,
πᾶς, πᾶσα, πᾶν, en. παντός, πάσης, παντός, [dat. plur. Lchm. πᾶσι ten times, -σιν seventy-two times; Tdf. -σι five times (see Proleg. p. 98 sq.), -ow seventy-seven times; Treg. -ow eighty-two times; WH -ox fourteen times, -ow sixty-eight times; see N, v (ἐφελκυστικόν)], Hebr. 75, [fr. Hom. down], all, every; it is used I. adjectively, and 1. with anarthrous nouns; a. any, every one (86. of the class denoted by the noun annexed to mas); with the Singular: as πᾶν δένδρον, Mt. iii. 10; πᾶσα θυσία, Mk. ix. 49 [T WH Tr mrg. om. Tr txt. br. the cl.]; add, Mt. v.11; xv. 13; Lk. iv. 37; Jn.ii. 10; xv.2; Acts ii.43; v.42; Ro. xiv. 11; 1 Co. iv. 17; Rev. xviii. 17, and very often; πᾶσα ψυχὴ ἀνθρώπου, Ro. ii. 9 (πᾶσα ἀνθρ. ψυχή, Plat. Phaedr. p- 249e.); πᾶσα συνείδησις ἀνθρώπων, 2 Co. iv. 2; mas λεγόμενος θεός, 2 Th. ii. 4; πᾶς ἅγιος ἐν Χριστῷ, Phil. iv. 21sqq. with the Plural, all or any that are…
Read the full entry →παῖς. In Gnomon 41 (¢. A.D. 150) it is laid down—éav Αἰγύπτιος ἐκ κοπρίας [ἀν]έληται παῖδα καὶ τοῦτον υἱοποιήσηται, μετὰ θάνατον τεταρτολο[ γεῖτ]αι, ““1Γ an Egyptian shall take up a child from the dungheap, and adopt him as a son, he shall be mulcted after his death to the extent of one fourth of his property.” For παῖς applied to a female child see P Strass I. 41° (A.D. 250) ἐκδικῆσαι τὰ τῆς παιδός, and P Oxy 1 5215 (A.D. 325) εΠδαμὲν τὴν παῖδα ἔχουσαν κατὰ τῶν εἰσχίων ἀμυχὰς μετὰ πελιωμάτων (see 76. II. p. 319), ““νγῈ saw that the girl had wounds on her hips with livid spots”: cf. Lk 8° (for voc. of address see Pro/eg. pp. 70, 235). The word is commonly applied to slaves, as in Lk 77 a/., e.g. P Lille 27 (iii/B.c.), where 11 male slaves are enumerated under the heading παῖδες, then 2 female slaves, and then again 3 male slaves: cf. P Strass I. 405 (a. p. 569) Κολλοῦθος Βίκτορος…
Read the full entry →πᾶς (pas) — all.
πᾶς, πᾶσα, πᾶν,
__AAeolic dialect παῖς, παῖσα [Refs 7th c.BC+] feminine πάνσα [Refs 8th c.BC+], Epic dialect and Delph. πάντεσσι [Refs 8th c.BC+]; also Locrian dialect πάντεσιν [Refs 5th c.BC+]; πάντοις [Refs 2nd c.BC+] as accusative masculine in [LXX+7th c.BC+], etc. (but in compounds sometimes long in Attic dialect, [Refs].]—Coll. pronoun, when used of a number, all; when of one only, the whole; of the several persons in a number, every.
__A.I in plural, all, πάντες τε θεοὶ πᾶσαί τε θέαιναι [Refs 8th c.BC+]; πάντες ὅσοι.. [Refs 8th c.BC+]; πάντας ᾧ ἂνπεριτυγχάνῃ, for ὅσοις ἄν, [Refs 5th c.BC+]: also with the Article, see.below [Refs 5th c.BC+]
πᾶς
pas
including all the forms of declension; apparently a primary word; all,
any, every, the whole:--all (manner of, means), alway(-s), any (one),
X daily, + ever, every (one, way), as many as, + no(-thing), X
thoroughly, whatsoever, whole, whosoever.
πᾶς, πᾶσα, πᾶν
Adj
all, the whole, every kind of
πᾶς pas 1x
all; in the sg. the whole, entire, usually when the substantive has the article, Mt. 6:29; 8:32; Acts 19:26; every, only with an anarthrous subst., Mt. 3:10; 4:4; pl. all, Mt. 1:17, et al. freq.; πάντα, in all respects, Acts 20:35; 1 Cor. 9:25; 10:33; 11:2; by a Hebraism, a negative with πᾶς is sometimes equivalent to οὐδείς or μηδείς, Mt. 24:22; Lk. 1:37; Acts 10:14; Read the full entry →
Adj-DPN — Adjective · dative · plural · neuterdative — to, for, with — the one it is done to or by.
Agrees with anything else marked plural neuter.
A-DPN Part of Speech: Adjective Case: Dative Number: Plural Gender: Neuter
1,264 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 28 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 1,242 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
27 inflected forms — one of the commonest words in the New Testament. Full distribution →
καὶ γὰρ πατὴρ ἐκγόνων καὶ δημιουργὸς τῶν δημιουργηθέντων στοχάζεται τῆς διαμονῆς καὶ ὅσα μὲν ἐπιζήμια καὶ βλαβερὰ μηχανῇ πάσῃ διωθεῖται, τὰ δὲ ὅσα ὠφέλιμα καὶ λυσιτελῆ κατὰ πάντα τρόπον ἐκπορίζειν ἐπιποθεῖ·
ὡς οἱ Νώχου ἔγγονοι πᾶσαν τὴν οἰκουμένην ἐπῴκησαν.
πεφανέρωκεν γὰρ ἡμῖν διὰ πάντων τῶν προφητῶν, ὅτι οὕτε θυσιῶν οὔτε ὁλοκαυτωμάτων οὔτε προσφορῶν χρῄζει, λέγων ὅτε μέν:
γῆ Σενπελαίας, βορρᾶ γῆ Πανᾶτος ἀπηλιώτου ποταμός, λιβὸς Ἀραμείους, ἢ οἳ ἂν ὦσι γείτονες πάντων πάντοθεν. ἐπρίατο Πετεαρσεμθεὺς Πανοβχούνιος ὡς ἐτῶν μ χαλκοῦ τάλαντα δύο . προπωλητὴς καὶ βεβαιωτὴς
ἐτῶν λ χαλκοῦ δραχμῶν τρισχιλίων . προπωληταὶ καὶ βεβαιωταὶ τῶν κατὰ τὴν ὠνὴν ταύτην πάντων Νεχούτης καὶ ὁ σὺν αὐτῷ οἱ ἀποδόμενοι, ὃν ἐδέξατο Πακοῖβις ὁ πριάμενος. Ἑρμίας ὁ
χαλκοῦ δραχμὰς δισχιλίας καὶ διακοσίας . προπωλητὴς καὶ βεβαιωτὴς τῶν κατὰ τὴν ὠνὴν ταύτην πάντων Πανοβχοῦνις ὁ ἀποδόμενος, ὃν ἐδέξατο Εὔνους ὁ πριάμενος. Ἑρμίας ὁ παρὰ Πανίσκου κεχρημάτικα.
The word ἀκριβῶς (akribōs) is an adverb meaning 'exactly' or 'carefully.' It is derived from ἀκριβής and covers a range of meanings including 'diligently' and 'strictly.' In the New Testament, it appears in contexts emphasizing carefulness and precision, such as in Matthew 2:8 and Ephesians 5:15. The lexicons do not present significant disagreements regarding its meaning.
ἀκριβῶς, adv., exactly, accurately, diligently: Mt. ii. 8; Lk. i. 3; Acts xviii. 25; 1 Th. v. 2; ἀκριβῶς περιπατεῖν to live carefully, cireumspectly, deviating in no respect from the law of duty, Eph. v.15. [Fr. Aeschyl. down.]
ἀκριβῶς. For ἀ. with οἶδα, as 1 Th 5%, cf. P Goodsp Cairo 35: (i1i/B.C.) ὅπως ἀκριβῶς εἰδῆις, P Petr 11. 15 (1)! (iii/.c.) εἰδῆσαι ἀκριβῶς : cf. P Hib I. 4o8*. (iii/B.c.) ἐπίστασο μέντοι ἀκριβῶς, P Par 447 (B.C. 153) (= Witkowski 2.22.2 p. 83) διασάφηϊ]σόν μοι. . . τὰ περὶ σαυτὸν ἀκριβῶς, P Lond 354 (c. B.C. 10) ( -- 1. p. 165) ἐπιγνόντα ἀκρειβῶς ἕκαστα. The comparative is used very much as in Ac 2315, 30 jn P Oxy VIII. 1102" (c. A.D. 146), the strategus ἀκρειβέστερον ἥξει “Αρπαλος καὶ thera σθήσεται περὶ τούτου axpeBéo[T]epov: the combination was evidently a formula. With πυνθάνεσθαι (as in Ac 23°) cf. P Petr II. 16! (iii/p.c.) πευσόμεσθα ἀκριβέστερον. The superlative occurs in P Hib I. 27%. 84 (early iii/B.C.) ὡς οὖν ἠδυνάμην…
Read the full entry →ἀκριβῶς (akribōs) — exactly.
Included with: ἀκρῑβ-ής, ές,
exact, accurate, precise, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τριταῖος returning precisely at its time, [Refs]; γαλήνη complete calm, [Refs 4th c.AD+]
II. of persons, precise, strict, δικασταί[Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀ. τοῖς ὄμμασι sharp- sighted, [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; of arguments, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ ἀ., ={ἀκρίβεια}, [Refs 5th c.BC+]adverb -βῶς to a nicety, precisely, ἀ. εἰδέναι, ἐπίστασθαι, καθορᾶν, μαθεῖν, etc., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; opposed to ἁπλῶς, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; opposed to τύπῳ (in outline, roughly), [Refs 4th c.BC+]: comparative -έστερον[NT+5th c.BC+]: superlative -έστατα[Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀ. καὶ μόλις with greatest difficulty, [Refs 1st c.AD+] —also οὐκ εἰς ἀκριβὲς ἦλθες at the right moment, [Refs 5th…
ἀκριβῶς
akribos
adverb from the same as 196; exactly:--circumspectly, diligently,
perfect(-ly).
see GREEK for 196
ἀκριβῶς
(Comp.)adv.
carefully, exactly, strictly
ἀκριβῶς akribōs 9x
accurately, diligently, Mt. 2:8; Lk. 1:3; Acts 18:25; circumspectly, strictly, Eph. 5:15; precisely, distinctly, 1 Thess. 5:2
ἀκριβῶς adverb of ἀκριβής
Adv — Adverbadverb — it qualifies the verb, and never changes form.
ADV ADVerb or adverb and particle combined
kar'-fool-i: The same two strands of anxiety and of attention appear in this word as in care. Several words in the Hebrew and Greek are thus rendered in the English versions "Anxiously" is the thought in "The inhabitants of Maroth waited carefully for good" (chalah, "to be in pain," "was grieved" King James Version margin, "waiteth anxiously" the Revised Version (British and American), the American Standard Revised Version, "is in travail" the Revised Version, margin, the American Revised Version, margin, Mic 1:12).
In the sense of attentively, the Hebrew emphatic expression, the infinite absolute with the finite verb is rendered "carefully" in, "Thou shalt carefully hearken" (literally "hearing, thou shalt hear," "diligently hearken" the Revised Version (British and American), the American Standard Revised Version,
5 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 3 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 9 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
πολλαῖς δὲ καὶ ἄλλαις κέχρηται δυνάμεσι τετράς, ἃς ἀκριβέστερον καὶ ἐν τῷ περὶ αὐτῆς ἰδίῳ λόγῳ προσυποδεικτέον.
παρὰ γὰρ ταύτης μεμαθήκεις ἂν ἀκριβέστερον ὅσα περὶ αὐτῶν ἀκοῦσαι ποθεῖς.
προσέχετε ἀκριβῶς: Καὶ φαγέτωσαν οἱ ἱερεῖς μόνοι πάντες τὸ ἔντερον ἄπλυτον μετὰ ὄξους.
ου καιροῦ ἀξιοῦμεν γράψαι τῷ τοῦ νομοῦ στρατηγῷ ἐκλυσαμένῳ ἡμᾶς τῆς συνοχῆς καὶ ἐπιγνόντι ἀκριβῶς ἑκάστα, ἐὰν καὶ αὐτῷ κατὰ τὸ … … ος καὶ τοῖς α
ἐπαγγελίας αὐτοῦ, ἀσφαλιζόμενος οὖν ἐμαυτὸν ἐπιδίδωμι τόδε τὸ βιβλίδιον. ἀξιῶ τὸν Ἀπίωνα ἀχθῆναι, ἵνα ἀκριβῶς ἐξετάσῃς τὸν βίον αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐγγυητὴν παρασχεῖν, ἵνα μηδεμίαν βλάβην ἐκ τῆς ἐπαγγελίας αὐτοῦ
παρʼ ἐκείνῳ κατακειμένων. ἔπειτα ἐτελεύτησεν μὲν ὁ Κολλοῦθος, κληρονόμοι δὲ αὐτοῦ … … μὴ ἀκριβῶς τὸ πρᾶγμα εἰδότες. μάρτυρες εἰσιν κληθέντες, ἐὰν ἔξαρνοι γένωνται,
The Greek word καθεξῆς (*kathexēs*) is an adverb meaning successively or in order. It is built from the components meaning 'down' and 'in succession.' The New Testament uses it in contexts like Luke 1:3 and Acts 11:4, indicating a sequence or subsequent events. Moulton & Milligan note its specific use in Luke as referring to an uninterrupted narrative.
καθ-εξῆς, (κατά and ἑξῆς, q. v.), adv., one after another, successively, in order: Lk. i. 3; Acts xi. 4; xviii. 23; of καθεξ. those that follow after, Acts iii. 24 [ef. W. 633 (588) ]; ἐν τῷ καθ. sc. χρόνῳ [R. V. soon aflerwards], Lk. viii. 1. (Ael. v. ἢ. 8, 7; Plut. symp. 1, 1, 5; in earlier Grk. ἑξῆς and ἐφεξῆς are more usual.)
καθεξῆς is confined in the NT to Lk 1°, where Blass (PAz/o/ogy of the Gospels, p. 18f.) understands it as ‘‘referring to the uninterrupted series of a complex narrative.
καθεξῆς (kathexēs) — in order.
καθεξῆς,
adverb, = the more usually ἐφεξῆς, [NT+1st c.AD+]; poetry κατά θ᾽ ἑξείης [Refs 3rd c.AD+]
καθεξῆς
kathexes
from 2596 and 1836; thereafter, i.e. consecutively; as a noun (by
ellipsis of noun) a subsequent person or time:--after(-ward), by (in)
order.
see GREEK for 2596
see GREEK for 1836
καθεξῆς
Adv
in order, just after
Adv — Adverbadverb — it qualifies the verb, and never changes form.
ADV ADVerb or adverb and particle combined
5 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 5 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 5 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
οὐ πάντες εἰσὶν ἔπαρχοι οὐδὲ χιλίαρχοι οὐδὲ ἑκατόνταρχαι οὐδὲ πεντηκόνταρχοι οὐδὲ τὸ καθεξῆς, ἀλλ̓ ἕκαστος ἐν τῷ ἰδίῳ τάγματι τὰ ἐπιτασσόμενα ὑπὸ τοῦ βασιλέως καὶ τῶν ἡγουμένων ἐπιτελεῖ.
πάντας τὴν τύχην ἑαυτῶν τῇ στρατηγικῇ τάξει διδόναι κατὰ τὸ ἔθος καὶ ἕκαστος ἡμῶν καθεξῆς ἐκληρώθη εἰς λειτουργείας, μόνον δὲ Ταα τινα τὸ ὄνομα κληρωθέντα μεθʼ ἡμῶν … την
σύ is the second-person singular pronoun meaning 'you' in Greek. It has various forms: genitive σοῦ, dative σοί, and accusative σέ. The word can be used for emphasis or contrast, particularly in the New Testament, as seen in verses like Matthew 26:64. It also appears in various dialects and has enclitic forms.
σύ,
pron. of 2nd pers.,
thou, you, gen., σοῦ, dat., σοί, acc., σέ, pl., ὑμεῖς, -ῶν, -ῖν, -ᾶς (enclitic in oblique cases sing., except after prep. (BL, §48, 3), though πρὸς σέ occurs in Mt 25:39). Nom. for emphasis or contrast: Jo 1:30, 42 4:10 5:33, 39, 44, Ac 4:7, Eph 5:32; so also perhaps σὺ εἶπας, Mt 26:64, al. (M, Pr., 86); before voc., Mt 2:6, Lk 1:76, Jo 17:5, al.; sometimes without emphasis (M, Pr., 85f.), as also
Read the full entry →σύ, pron. of the second pers. (Dor. and Aeol. τύ, Boeot. Tov), gen. σοῦ, dat. σοί, ace. σέ (which oblique cases are enclitic, unless a preposition precede; yet πρός σε is written [uniformly in Ree. (exe. Mt. xxvi. 18), in Grsb. (exe. Jn. xxi. 22, 23), in Treg. (exc. Mt. xxvi. 18; Acts xxiii. 30), in Lchm. (exe. Mt. xxvi.18; Jn. xvii. 11, 13; xxi. 22, 23; Acts xxiii. 30), in Tdf. (exe. Mt. xxvi. 18; Lk. i. 19; Jn. xvii. 11, 13; Jn. xxi. 22; Acts xxiii. 18, 30; 1 Tim. iii. 14; Tit. iii. 12); also by WH in Mt. xxv. 39], see ἐγώ, 2; Lipsius, Grammat. Untersuch. p. 62 sq. [W. §6, 3; B. 31 (27)]); plur. ὑμεῖς, εἴς. : Lat. tu, ete., vos, ete.; thou, ete., ye,ete. The nominatives ov and ὑμεῖς are expressed for emphasis — before a vocative, as σὺ Βηθλεέμ, Mt. ii. 6; σὺ παιδίον (Leian. dial. deor. 2, 1), Lk. i. 76; add, Jn. xvii. 5; Acts i. 24; 1 Tim. vi. 11, etc.; ὑμεῖς of Φαρισαῖοι, Lk. xi. 39…
Read the full entry →σύ (su) — you.
σύ [ῠ],
thou: pronoun of the second person:—Epic dialect nominative τύνη [ῡ] [Refs 8th c.BC+] (Laconian dialect τούνη [Refs 5th c.AD+]; Aeolic dialect σύ [Refs 7th c.BC+]; Doric dialect τύ [ῠ] [Refs 5th c.BC+]; Boeotian dialect τού [short syllable] [Refs 6th c.BC+] (also τούν [Refs]σύ, [Refs 8th c.BC+]—Gen. σοῦ, [Refs], elsewhere only Attic dialect, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; enclitic σου, [Refs 8th c.BC+] (also in Lyric poetry, [Refs 8th c.BC+] (which also occurs in Lyric poetry, [Refs 7th c.BC+], and as enclitic σευ, [Refs 8th c.BC+], σεο (enclitic) [Refs] σευ (enclitic) [Refs]:—Doric dialect τεῦ, τευ, [Refs 3rd c.BC+]; rarely τέο, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Boeotian dialect τεῦς [Refs 6th c.BC+]; Doric dialect τεοῦς [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τοι variant in [Refs]; enclitic τεος [Refs 5th c.BC+]; other Doric dialect forms are τίω, τίως, both [Refs 3rd c.BC+]—Dat. σοί, [Refs 8th c.BC+]…
Read the full entry →σύ
su
the person pronoun of the second person singular; thou:-- thou. See
also 4571, 4671, 4675; and for the plural 5209, 5210, 5213, 5216.
see GREEK for 4675
see GREEK for 4571
see GREEK for 4671
see GREEK for 5209
see GREEK for 5210
see GREEK for 5213
see GREEK for 5216
σύ, σοῦ, σοί, σέ
Pers.pr.
you
σύ sy 2x
you, gen., σοῦ, dat., σοί, acc., σέ, Mt. 1:20; 2:6
Pron-2DS — Personal pronoun · second person · dative · singulardative — to, for, with — the one it is done to or by.
Agrees with anything else marked singular.
P-2DS Part of Speech: Personal pronoun Person: second Case: Dative Number: Singular
3,073 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 37 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 2,892 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
16 inflected forms — one of the commonest words in the New Testament. Full distribution →
Counted over the 450 Old Testament verses where this Greek word stands: which Hebrew word keeps standing there too. A correspondence of verses rather than a word-by-word alignment, so read the percentage as strength of evidence, not as a claim about any single verse.
„οὐ φυτεύσεις σεαυτῷ ἄλσος, πᾶν ξύλον παρὰ τὸ θυσιαστήριον κυρίου τοῦ θεοῦ σου οὐ ποιήσεις σεαυτῷ“ (Deuter.
παύσομαι δὲ τοῦ λοιποῦ μετὰ τοσαύτης ὀργῆς τὰς τιμωρίας ἐπὶ τοῖς ἀδικήμασιν εἰσπραττόμενος καὶ πολὺ μᾶλλον σοῦ παρακαλοῦντος.
Μεγάλων μὲν ὄντων καὶ πλουσίων τῶν τοῦ θεοῦ δικαιωμάτων εἰς ὑμᾶς, ὑπέρ τι καὶ καθ̓ ὑπερβολὴν ὑπερευφραίνομαι ἐπὶ τοῖς μακαρίοις καὶ ἐνδόξοις ὑμῶν πνεύμασιν: οὕτως ἔμφυτον τῆς δωρεᾶς πνευματικῆς χάριν εἰλήφατε.
τοῦ ἀποδοθῆι τὸν ἐπεσταλμένον ἡμῖν κατὰ μῆνα πυρὸν τοῖς παρʼ ἡμῶν. διʼ ἄλλων γεγράφαμεν ὑμῖν ὑπὲρ ὧν βουλόμεθα μηδεμιᾶς προσφωνήσεως προσπεπτωκυίας. ἑαυτῶν δὲ ἐπιμελόμενοι ἵνʼ ὑγιαίνητε, — ἔσμεν ἐν
η Φατρήους καὶ … χαίρειν καὶ ἐρρωμένοις διευτυχεῖν. ἐρρώμεθα δὲ καὶ αὐτοὶ ὑμῶν τὴν ἀρίστην μνείαν ποιούμενοι παρὰ τοῖς ἐν Πηλουσίωι θεοῖς. καλῶς ποιήσεις διαλύσας Ἁρκοννῆσιν καὶ
παρὰ Πετεύριος διεθέντος μου ὑπάρξει σοι εἰς στέφανον χαλκοῦ τάλαντα δεκάπεντε, τάλαντα ιε. εὐτύχει .
γράφω (graphō) primarily means 'to write' and is derived from a sense of scratching or engraving. It encompasses various forms of writing, including inscribing letters, recording information, and expressing content in written form. In the New Testament, it appears in contexts such as recording scripture (e.g., Matthew 4:4) and writing letters (e.g., Acts 23:25). The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.
γράφω, [in LXX chiefly for כּתב ];
to scrape, graze (Hom.), and later (Hdt.) to sketch, draw.
to write;
of forming or tracing letters on writing material: Jo 8:[6], Ga 6:11, II Th 3:17;
γράφω ; [impf. ἔγραφον]; fut. γράψω; 1 aor. ἔγραψα; pf. γέγραφα; Pass., [pres. γράφομαι]; pf. γέγραμμαι ; [plpf. 3 pers. sing. ἐγέγραπτο, Rev. xvii. 8 Lchm.]; 2 aor. ἐγράφην ; (prop. to grave, scrape, scratch, engrave ; ef. Germ. graben, eingraben ; γράψεν δὲ οἱ ὀστέον ἄχρις αἰχμή, Hom. Il. 17, 599; σήματα γράψας ἐν πίνακι, ib. 6, 169; hence to draw letters), towrite; 1. with reference to the form of the letters; to delineate (or form) letters on a tablet, parchment, paper, or other material: τῷ 8aκτύλῳ ἔγραφεν eis τὴν γῆν made figures on the ground, Jn. viii. 6 Rec. ; οὕτω γράφω so am I accustomed to form my letters, 2 Thess. iii. 17; πηλίκοις γράμμασι ἔγραψα with how large (and so, ill-formed [?]) letters I have written, Gal. vi. 11; ef. Winer, Riickert, Hilgenfeld ad loe. [for the views of those who regard éyp. as covering the close of the Ep. only, see Bp. Lghtft. and Mey.; cf. W.…
Read the full entry →γράφω. Deissmann (BS, pp. 112 ff. 249 f.) has shown the widespread juristic_use in the papyri of the ‘* biblical” γέγραπται with reference to the regulative and authoritative character
γράφω (graphō) — to write.
γράφω [ᾰ],
future -ψω[Refs 5th c.BC+]aorist ἔγραψα, Epic dialect γράψα [Refs 8th c.BC+]: perfect γέγραφα [Refs 5th c.BC+]:—middle, future γράψομαι [Refs 5th c.BC+]: aorist ἐγραψάμην [Refs 5th c.BC+]:—passive, future γρᾰφήσομαι [Refs 5th c.BC+], etc.: aorist ἐγράφην [ᾰ], [Refs 5th c.BC+]: perfect γέγραμμαι (also in middle sense, see near the end), 3rd.pers. singular ἔγραπται [Refs 3rd c.AD+]; participle ἐγραμμένος or ἠγρ- [Refs 1st c.AD+]: 3rd.pers. plural γεγράφαται [Refs], Doric dialect γεγράβανται [Refs]: pluperfect ἐγέγραπτο [Refs 5th c.BC+]: 3rd.pers. plural ἐγεγράφατο [Refs 8th c.BC+] only in aorist active:—scratch, graze, αἰχμὴ γράψεν οἱ ὀστέον ἄχρις [Refs 8th c.BC+]; γράψας ἐν πίνακι πτυκτῷ θυμοφθόρα πολλά having marked or drawn signs thereon, [Refs]represent by lines, draw, paint, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; γῆς περιόδους γ. draw maps, [Refs 5th…
Read the full entry →γράφω
grapho
a primary verb; to "grave", especially to write; figuratively, to
describe:--describe, write(-ing, -ten).
γράφω
v.
I write
γράφω graphō 191x
to engrave, write, according to the ancient method of writing on plates of metal, waxes tables, etc., Jn. 8:6, 8; to write on parchment, paper, etc., generally, Mt. 27:37, et al.; to write letters to another, Acts 23:25; 2 Cor. 2:9; 13:10, et al.; to describe in writing, Jn. 1:46; Rom. 10:5; to inscribe in a catalogue, etc., Lk. 10:20; Rev. 13:8; 17:8, et al.; to write a law, command, or enact in writing, Read the full entry →
γράφω Orig. sense, to scratch, scrape, graze, αἰχμὴ γράψεν ὀστέον Il.; σήματα γράψας ἐν πίνακι having scratched marks as tokens on a tablet, id. Il.:—then, to represent by lines drawn, to delineate, draw, paint, Hdt., Aesch.; εἰκὼν γεγραμμένη Ar.: also in Mid., ζῷα γράφεσθαι ῀ ζωγραφεῖν, Hdt.
to express by written characters, to write, τι id. Hdt.; γο. τινά to write a person's name, Xen.; γ. ἐπιστολήν, etc., id. Xen.; γρ. τι εἰς διφθέρας Hdt.
to inscribe, like ἐπιγράφω, γρ. εἰς στήλην Eur., Dem.
to write down, γρ. τινὰ αἴτιον to set him down as the cause, Hdt.
to register, enrol, γρ. τινὰ τῶν ἱππευόντων among the cavalry, Xen.; Κρέοντος προστάτου γεγράψομαι, as a dependent of Creon…
Verb-AAN — Verb · aorist · active · infinitiveaorist active infinitive — a completed action, viewed as a whole.
V-AAN Part of Speech: Verb Tense: Aorist Voice: Active Mood: iNfinitive TVM equivalent: G5658
205 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 31 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 192 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Every reference is on the Strong's page.
Counted over the 111 Old Testament verses where this Greek word stands: which Hebrew word keeps standing there too. A correspondence of verses rather than a word-by-word alignment, so read the percentage as strength of evidence, not as a claim about any single verse.
ἀποδεῖ γὰρ τὰ μιμήματα τῶν ἀρχετύπων, τὰ δ’ ἀπὸ τῶν μιμημάτων γραφόμενα καὶ πλαττόμενα πολὺ μᾶλλον, ἅτε μακρὰν ἀφεστῶτα τῆς ἀρχῆς·
τὸν μὲν γὰρ πρὸς τοὺς Ῥωμαίους πόλεμον ἡμῖν τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις γενόμενον καὶ τὰς ἐν αὐτῷ πράξεις καὶ τὸ τέλος οἷον ἀπέβη πείρᾳ μαθὼν ἐβιάσθην ἐκδιηγήσασθαι διὰ τοὺς ἐν τῷ γράφειν λυμαινομένους τὴν ἀλήθειαν,
τὸ τέλειον σκάνδαλον ἤγγικεν, περὶ οὖ γέγραπται, ὡς Ἐνὼχ λέγει.
εἰκάδος τοῦ αὐτοῦ ἔτους· ἐὰν δὲ μὴ ἀποδῶι ἐν τῶι ὡρισμένωι χρόνωι ἀποτεισάτω καθὰ γέγραπται παραχρῆμα ἐπάναγκον· ἡ δὲ πρᾶξις ἔστω Ἀγαθίνωι καὶ Πατῆτι ἐκ τοῦ δεδανεισμένου Πανᾶτος καὶ
καὶ παρείληφεν· ἐὰν δὲ μὴ ἀποδῷ ἐν τῷ ὡρισμένῳ χρόνωι ἢ μὴ ποιῇ καθὰ γέγραπται ἀποτεισάτω ἐν τῷ ἐχομένωι μηνὶ παραχρῆμα ἡμιόλιον ἢ τὴν ἐσομένην ἐν τῇ ἀγορᾶι τιμήν,
ιϛ ἔτους· ἐὰν δὲ μὴ ἀποδῶι ἐν τῶι ὡρισμένωι χρόνωι ἢ μὴ ποιήσηι καθὰ γέγραπται ἀποτεισάτω ἐν τῶι ἐχομένωι μηνὶ παραχρῆμα τὰ τοῦ σιδήρου μνᾶς δισχιλίας χμ καὶ ἐπίτιμον
κράτιστος (kratistos) is a superlative form meaning 'strongest' or 'most excellent.' It is often used as a title of respect, particularly in the New Testament, where it appears in contexts addressing individuals of high rank, such as in Luke 1:3 and Acts 23:26. The word is derived from κρατύς and encompasses meanings like 'mightiest' and 'noblest.' There is some discussion among lexicographers about whether its usage in Luke indicates a formal title or simply a courteous address.
κράτιστος, -7, -ov, superl. of the adj. κρατύς, (xpdros), [fr. (Hom.) Pind. down], mightiest, strongest, noblest, most illustrious, best, most excellent: voc. κράτιστε used in addressing men of conspicuous rank or office, Acts xxiii. 26; xxiv. 3; xxvi. 25, (Otto, De ep. ad Diognetum ete. Jena 1845, p. 79 sqq., and in his Epist. ad Diognet. Leips. ed. p. 53 sq., has brought together exx. fr. later writ.). Perhaps also it served simply to express friendship in Lk. i. 3 (as in Theophr. char. 5; Dion. Hal. de oratt. 1; Joseph. antt. 4, 6, 8), because in Acts i. 1 it is omitted in addressing the same person. Cf. Grimm in Jahrbb. f. deutsche Theol. for 1871, p.50 sq.
κράτιστος (egregius) is very common as an honorific title in addressing persons of exalted rank, much as we use ‘‘ Your Excellency,” e.g. P Fay 117° (A.D. 108)—a prefect, P Tebt II. 411° (ii/A.D.)—an epistrategus, P Oxy X. 12741° (iii/A.D.) —a procurator, a/. [By the end of the third century the title was applied to persons of less importance, e.g. a ducenarius in P Oxy XIV. 17114: see the editors’ note on 24. 16437.] This corresponds with the usage in Ac 23°8, 24%, 26°5, and possibly Lk 1°, though in this last case the word may be simply a form of courteous address. If, however, it is regarded here also as official, it is very unlikely that Theophilus was at the time a Christian, ‘‘since,” as Zahn (/n¢rod. iil. p. 42) has pointed out, ‘‘ there is no instance in the Christian literature of the first two centuries where a Christian uses a secular title in addressing another Christian, to…
Read the full entry →κράτιστος (kratistos) — excellent.
κρᾰτιστ-ος, η, ον,
Epic dialect κάρτ- (as always in [Refs 8th c.BC+], strongest, mightiest, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; Λημνίων τὸ κ. the best of their men, [Refs] the strength or flower of.., [Refs 5th c.BC+], etc.; of things, καρτίστην.. μάχην fiercest fight, [Refs 8th c.BC+].
2. generally, best, most excellent, as superlative of ἀγαθός, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἱ κράτιστοι the aristocracy, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
2. b as a title or mode of address, [NT]; especially = Latin egregius, [Refs 1st c.AD+], of a woman of the equester ordo, [Refs] Latin clarissimus, of Senators, ὁ κ. ἀνθὐπατος [Refs 3rd c.AD+]
2. c with modal words added, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; πάντων πάντα κ. best of all in.., [Refs 6th c.BC+]: with infinitive, best at doing, [Refs 5th c.BC+], etc.: with participle…
κράτιστος
kratistos
superlative of a derivative of 2904; strongest, i.e. (in dignity) very
honorable:--most excellent (noble).
see GREEK for 2904
κράτιστος, η, ον
Adj
most excellent
κράτιστος kratistos 4x
strongest; in NT κράτιστε, a term of respect, most excellent, noble, or illustrious, Lk. 1:3; Acts 23:26; 24:3; 26:25*
κράτιστος κρά^τιστος, η, ον a superl. formed from κρατύς κράτος strongest, mightiest, Il., etc.; Λημνίων τὸ κρ. the best of their men, Thuc.:—of things, καρτίστη μάχη the fiercest fight, Il.
generally, best, most excellent, as Sup. of ἀγαθός, Pind., Soph., etc.
οἱ κράτιστοι, like οἱ βέλτιστοι, of the aristocracy, Xen.
neut. pl. κράτιστα as adv., best, id. Xen. —The comp. in use is κρείσσων, q. v.
Adj-VSM-S — Adjective · vocative · singular · masculinevocative — the one being addressed.
Agrees with anything else marked singular masculine.
A-VSM-S Part of Speech: Adjective Case: Vocative Number: Singular Gender: Masculine Degree: Superlative
ek'-se-lent 'addir, yattir (Aramaic); diaphoroteros, kratistos:
The translation of various Hebrew words, chiefly of 'addir, "great," "honorable" (Ps 8:1,9; 16:3; 76:4); yattir, "surpassing," is Aramaic, occurring in Da 2:31; 4:36; 5:12,14; 6:3. Other words are bachar, "to glow," "try," "choose" (So 5:15); ga'on, "mounting," "swelling" (Isa 4:2; see EXCELLENCY); gadhal, "to make or become great" (Isa 28:29), and other words occurring singly.
In the New Testament we have diaphoroteros, "greater," "better" (Heb 1:4; 8:6); kratistos, "most excellent," "most noble" (
4 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 1 different way. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 4 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
οἱ μὲν οὖν μόνον τὸ καλὸν ἀγαθὸν εἰπόντες, ἀμιγῆ διαφυλάξαντες αὐτήν, ἀπένειμαν τῷ κρατίστῳ τῶν ἐν ἡμῖν, λογισμῷ, οἱ δὲ μίξαντες τρισὶν ἐφήρμοσαν, ψυχῇ, σώματι, τοῖς ἐκτός.
Ἀγρίππα τοῦ ἐμοῦ, ὃν ἐγὼ ἔθρεψα καὶ ἔχω σὺν ἐμαυτῷ εὐσεβέστατον ὄντα, προσαγαγόντος μοι τοὺς ὑμετέρους πρέσβεις εὐχαριστοῦντας ἐφʼ ᾗ πεποίημαι τοῦ ἔθνους ὑμῶν κηδεμονίᾳ, καὶ αἰτησαμένων σπουδαίως καὶ φιλοτίμως τὴν ἱερὰν ἐσθῆτα καὶ τὸν στέφανον ὑπὸ…
Νεμεσίωνι βασιλικῷ γραμματεῖ Ἀρσινοείτου Ἡρακλείδου μερίδος. ἀντίγραφον ἐπιστολῆς ἣν ἔγραψέ μοι Ἀπολλωνίδης ὁ κράτιστος ἀρχιπροφήτης ἀπέστειλά σοι. αἱ μὲν οὖν προσήκουσαι αὐτῷ τάξεις φυλαχθήτωσαν ὥσπερ οἱ πρὸ ἐμοῦ
Ἰουλίωι Οὐαριανῶι τῶι κρατίστῳ ἐπιστρατήγωι παρὰ Κρονίωνος Χεῶτος, ἀπὸ Τεβτύνεως Πολέμωνος μερίδος τοῦ Ἀρσινοείτου, θησαυροφύλακος τῆς αὐτῆς Τεβτύνεως.
Column 1 Ἰουλίωι Πετρωνιανῷ τῶι κρατίστῳ ἐπιστρατήγῳ παρὰ Παβοῦτος τοῦ Στοτοήτεως Πανομιέως ἱερέως ἀπὸ κώμης Σοκνοπαίου Νήσου τῆς Ἡρακλείδου μερίδος
The Greek word Θεόφιλος (Theophilos) is composed of θεός (god) and φίλος (friend), meaning 'friend of God.' It is a proper name referring to a Christian addressed in the Gospel of Luke and the Acts of the Apostles (Lk 1:3; Ac 1:1). The name appears in various historical contexts, including papyri, suggesting its use predates the New Testament.
Θεόφιλος, -ov, (θεός and φίλος). Theophilus, a Christian to whom Luke inscribed his Gospel and Acts of the Apostles: Lk. i. 3; Acts 1. 1. The conjectures concerning his family, rank, nationality, are reviewed by (among others) Win. RWB. s. v.; Bleek on Lk. i. 3; [B. Ὁ. s.v.]; see also under κράτιστος.
Θεόφιλος is found as a proper name as early as ili/B.c. both in the papyri and inscrr., eg. P Hib I. 103! (B.c. 231-0) ᾿Απολλοφάνης Θεοφίλωι χαίρειν, P Ryl II. 72% (B.c. 99-8) Θεόφιλος Νικάνορος, Miche! 594°° (B.C. 279) ὑπὲρ Θεοφίλου τοῦ ἐργολαβήσαντος Tas παραετίδας ἐργάσασθαι τῶι νεῶι τῆς ᾿Αρτέμιδος κτλ., and similarly 685%, 12608 (both 111,8.6,} : see also Pretsigke 3780 Θεόφιλος ἰατρός. Θεόφιλος, as a Jewish name, occurs in P Petr IT. 28 +9 (iii/B.c.) Σαμαρείας Θεόφιλος, ‘* Theophilus of Samaria,” but the previous exx. seem to render unnecessary Mahaffy’s suggestion (p. [97]) that the name may have been of Jewish origin: cf. however P Fay 123° (c. A.D. 100) where a certain Τεύφιλος (for the form, see Mayser Gr. pp. 10, 179 f.) Ιουδαῖος desires release from the service of cultivating the domain-lands, and Meyer Ostr 301 (A.D. 111) Τεύφιλος Τευφίλου, where «a Jew is again referred to…
Read the full entry →Θεόφιλος
Theophilos
from 2316 and 5384; friend of God; Theophilus, a
Christian:--Theophilus.
see GREEK for 2316
see GREEK for 5384
Θεόφιλος, ου, ὁ
n.m.
Theophilus
Noun-VSM — Noun · vocative · singular · masculinevocative — the one being addressed.
Agrees with anything else marked singular masculine.
N-VSM Part of Speech: Noun Case: Vocative Number: Singular Gender: Masculine
the-of'-i-lus (Theophilos, "loved of God"): The one to whom Luke addressed his Gospel and the Ac of the Apostles (compare Lu 1:3; Ac 1:1). It has been suggested that Theophilus is merely a generic term for all Christians, but the epithet "most excellent" implies it was applied by Luke to a definite person, probably a Roman official, whom he held in high respect. Theophilus may have been the presbyter who took part in sending the letter from the Corinthians to Paul, given in the "Acta Pauli" (compare Hennecke, Neutestamentliche Apokryphen, 378). There is also a magistrate Theophilus mentioned in the "Ac of James" as being converted by James on his way to India (compare Budge, The Contendings of the Apostles, II, 299), but these and other identifications, together with other attempts…
Theophilus
Lover of God, a Christian, probably a Roman, to whom Luke dedicated both his Gospel (Luke 1:3) and the Acts of the Apostles (1:1). Nothing beyond this is known of him. From the fact that Luke applies to him the title “most excellent”, the same title Paul uses in addressing Felix (Acts 23:26; 24:3) and Festus (26:25), it has been concluded that Theophilus was a person of rank, perhaps a Roman officer.
(friend of God) the person to whom St. Luke inscribes his Gospel and the Acts of the Apostles. (Luke 1:3; Acts 1:1) From the honorable epithet applied to him in (Luke 1:3) it has been argued with much probability that he was a person in high official position. All that can be conjectured with any degree of safety concerning him comes to this, that he was a Gentile of rank and consideration who came under the influence of St. Luke or under that of St. Paul at Rome, and was converted to the Christian faith.
2 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 1 different way. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
ἔτι δὲ πρὸς τοῖς εἰρημένοις Θεόφιλος καὶ Θεόδοτος καὶ Μνασέας καὶ Ἀριστοφάνης καὶ Ἑρμογένης Εὐήμερός τε καὶ Κόνων καὶ Ζωπυρίων καὶ πολλοί τινες ἄλλοι τάχα, οὐ γὰρ ἔγωγε πᾶσιν ἐντετύχηκα τοῖς βιβλίοις, οὐ παρέργως ἡμῶν ἐμνημονεύκασιν.
r Θεόφιλος Θεομνήστωι χαίρειν. τοῦ παρὰ Ἀγαθοκλέους ἐπιμελητοῦ καὶ παρὰ Θέωνος τοῦ οἰκονόμου ἐγλογίσματος, οὗ συνυπογράφει
τὸ πλοῖον Πάπου Νικοστρατει … ἀπέσχεν τὸν γόμον ἀρταβῶν Γτ … καὶ τὸ Ἀλεξᾶτος Θεοφιλε … ἀγωγῆς ἀρταβῶν Ϛτξβ ἤδη ἐνεβάλετο ἀρτάβας Εψμβ. τὰς δὲ λοιπὰς ἀπὸ γῆς τῆς
Θεόφιλος Θεανοῦτι τῇ ἀδελφῇ πλεῖστα χαίρειν· γινώσκειν σε θέλω ὅτι ἡ πορεία ἔρχεται εἰς Διδύμους