Deuteronomy 34:3 — Word Study
WLCוְאֶת־ הַנֶּ֗גֶב וְֽאֶת־ הַכִּכָּ֞ר בִּקְעַ֧ת יְרֵח֛וֹ עִ֥יר הַתְּמָרִ֖ים עַד־ צֹֽעַר׃
BSAthe Negevnegeb [southern district, south country] and the regionkikkâr [plain, valley] from the Valleybiqʻâh [low area, plain] of JerichoYᵉrîychôw [its moon, city of palms] the Cityʻîyr of Palmstâmâr [city of palm trees, town of palm-trees] all the wayʻad [as far as, until] to ZoarTsôʻar [near the Dead Sea, spared city]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| וְאֶת־ | and the object marker | Conjunction, particle |
| הַנֶּ֗גֶב | the Negev | Particle, noun proper |
| וְֽאֶת־ | and the object marker | Conjunction, particle |
| הַכִּכָּ֞ר | the district | Particle, noun common feminine singular absolute |
| בִּקְעַ֧ת | in [the] valley of | Noun common, feminine singular construct |
| יְרֵח֛וֹ | Jericho | Noun proper |
| עִ֥יר | [the] city of | Noun common, feminine singular construct |
| הַתְּמָרִ֖ים | the palm trees | Particle, noun common masculine plural absolute |
| עַד־ | to | Preposition |
| צֹֽעַר׃ | Zoar | Noun proper |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | the Negev, and the region from the Valley of Jericho (the City of Palms) all the way to Zoar. |
| KJV | And the south, and the plain of the valley of Jericho, the city of palm trees, unto Zoar. |
| ASV | and the South, and the Plain of the valley of Jericho the city of palm-trees, unto Zoar. |
| YLT | and the south, and the circuit of the valley of Jericho, the city of palms, unto Zoar. |
| WEB | and the south, and the Plain of the valley of Jericho the city of palm trees, to Zoar. |
| BBE | And the South, and the circle of the valley of Jericho, the town of palm-trees, as far as Zoar. |
Where they part company is in the rendering of כִּכָּר — see How Translations Differ.
The verse consists of a main clause describing the geographical boundaries of the land.
7 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
Every word here is used elsewhere in the Old Testament.
Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Deuteronomy 34:3
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — The Boundaries of the Promised Landgenerated
Deuteronomy 34:3 describes the Negev and the region surrounding Jericho, emphasizing the geographical scope of the land that God promised to the Israelites. This area, rich in biblical history, includes significant locations like Jericho, known as the City of Palms, and extends to Zoar, a city spared during the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah. The passage serves as a reminder of God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promises to His people.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Judges 1:16 | Now the descendants of Moses’ father-in-law, the Kenite, went up with the men of Judah from the City of Palms to the Wilderness of Judah in the Negev near Arad. They went to live among the people. |
| 2 | Judges 3:13 | After enlisting the Ammonites and Amalekites to join forces with him, Eglon attacked and defeated Israel, taking possession of the City of Palms. |
| 3 | 2 Chronicles 28:15 | Then the men who were designated by name arose, took charge of the captives, and provided from the plunder clothing for the naked. They clothed them, gave them sandals and food and drink, anointed their wounds, and put all the feeble on donkeys. So they brought them to Jericho, the City of Palms, to their brothers. Then they returned to Samaria. |
| 4 | Genesis 14:2–8 | went to war against Bera king of Sodom, Birsha king of Gomorrah, Shinab king of Admah, Shemeber king of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela (that is, Zoar). |
| 5 | Genesis 19:22 | Hurry! Run there quickly, for I cannot do anything until you reach it.” That is why the town was called Zoar. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 6 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — כִּכָּר, ha.ki.Kargenerated
The word כִּכָּר (kikkar) refers to a district or region, often associated with a round shape. In this context, it describes a geographical area, specifically the fertile plain or valley around Jericho. The parsing indicates it is a feminine singular noun, suggesting a specific location rather than a general term.
This term can also mean a talent, a unit of weight or currency, but here it emphasizes the physical landscape of the region. The lexicons consistently identify it with the Jordan Valley, underscoring its significance in the biblical narrative.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, which uses the district to describe the area surrounding Jericho, aligning with the KJV and ASV.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main clause is governed by the finite verb וְאֶת־, and the, which introduces the objects of the description: the Negev and the district from Jericho to Zoar. The structure emphasizes the geographical extent of the land.
The Hebrew word order places emphasis on the locations being described, with the Negev mentioned first, followed by the specific regions, indicating their importance in the narrative.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
The Septuagint translates כִּכָּר as περίξωρα, indicating a broader interpretation of the area described. This choice suggests a focus on the surrounding landscape rather than a specific round district.
This translation choice may reflect the Greek translators' understanding of the region's significance in relation to the biblical narrative.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Deuteronomy 34:3 describes the Negev and the region from the Valley of Jericho to Zoar. This verse outlines the geographical boundaries of the land that God promised to the Israelites, emphasizing significant locations like Jericho, known as the City of Palms, and Zoar, which was spared from destruction.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
The Negev is the southern region of Judah, representing a significant part of the land promised to the Israelites, characterized by its dry landscape.
Jericho is known as the City of Palms due to the abundance of palm trees in the area, which is also reflected in its name.
Zoar means 'insignificance' and is noted for being spared during the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah, making it a significant location in biblical history.
This verse illustrates God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promise to give the land of Canaan to the descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- What does the description of the land tell us about God's promises to His people?
- How can understanding the geographical context enhance our reading of biblical narratives?
- What significance do you think the palm trees in Jericho hold in the biblical story?
- How does the fate of Zoar reflect God's mercy in the midst of judgment?
Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Deuteronomy 34:3 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleAnd the south,.... The southern part of the land, even all of it; and having shown him that, he is directed eastward to take a view of the plain of the valley of Jericho; which lay before him, a
Read John Gill on Deuteronomy 34 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryAnd all Naphtali, and the land of Ephraim, and Manasseh, and all the land of Judah, unto the utmost sea, No JFB commentary on these verses.
Read Robert Jamieson on Deuteronomy 34 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Biblei.e. The south quarter of thee land of Judah, which is towards the Salt Sea, which is described , as the western quarter of Judah was described in the words next foregoing. The plain of the valley of Jericho; or, in which lies Jericho; which was in the tribe of Benjamin. The city of palm trees, i.e. Jericho, so called both here and 3:13 , from the multitude of palm trees which were in those parts, as Josephus and Strabo write; from whence and the balm there growing it was called Jericho, which signifies odoriferous, or sweet-smelling.
Read Matthew Poole on Deuteronomy 34 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New TestamentsDeuteronomy 34:3 And the south, and the plain of the valley of Jericho, the city of palm trees, unto Zoar.Ver. 3. The city of palm trees.] So called even by heathen authors also.
Read John Trapp on Deuteronomy 34 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(3) And the south—i.e., the Negeb.And the plain—i.e., the plain of Jordan. The valley of Jericho.—The city of palm trees may or may not be identical with that place.
Read Charles John Ellicott on Deuteronomy 34 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges3. the South] Heb. the Negeb, see on Deuteronomy 1:7. the Plain] Heb. kikkar, the root meaning of which, to judge from its use alike for a district, a loaf and a weight, must be round or oval. Render the Round: here in apposition (delete of) to the Biḳ ?‘ah (lit. space cleft or laid open between hills, HGHL 385, 654 f.), or Valley, of Jericho; called also the kikkar of Jordan, Genesis 13:10 f., 1 Kings 7:46. If (as the present writer still holds, cp. HGHL 505 ff.) the overwhelmed Cities of the Kikkar (Genesis 13:12; Genesis 19:29) lay not at the N., but at the S., end of the Dead Sea, the name the Kikkar, like the Ar. ghor to-day, was applied to the ‘Arabah at both ends of that sea. the…
Read Cambridge on Deuteronomy 34 →Daniel Denison Whedon1808–1885Whedon's Commentary on the Bible3. And the south — Negeb, the South Country, was the land south of Canaan proper, toward the desert. And the plain of the valley of Jericho, the city of palm-trees, unto Zoar — The district from Jericho to Zoar.
Read Daniel Denison Whedon on Deuteronomy 34 →The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
the Negev, and the region from the Valley of Jericho (the City of Palms) all the way to Zoar.
and the south, and the Plain of the valley of Jericho the city of palm trees, to Zoar.
the Negev, and the region from the Valley of Jericho (the City of Palms) all the way to Zoar.
the Negev, and the plain of the valley of Jericho, the city of the date palm trees, as far as Zoar.
Tyndale line
And the south, and the plain of the valley of Jericho, the city of palm trees, unto Zoar.
and the South, and the Plain of the valley of Jericho the city of palm-trees, unto Zoar.
and the South, and the Plain of the valley of Jericho the city of palm trees, unto Zoar.
And the south, and the plain of the valley of Jericho, the city of palm-trees, to Zoar.
And the South, and the plaine of the valley of Iericho, the citie of palmetrees, vnto Zoar.
Strictly literal
and the south, and the plain of the valley of Jericho, the city of palm-trees, to Zoar.
and the south, and the circuit of the valley of Jericho, the city of palms, unto Zoar.
and the south, and the circuit of the Valley of Jericho, the city of palms, to Zoar.
And the south, and the plain, the valley of Jericho, the city of palm-trees, unto Zoar.
and the Negev, and the plain of the Valley of Jericho, the City of Palms, as far as Zoar.
From the Latin
And the south part, and the breadth of the plain of Jericho the city of palm trees as far as Segor.
Simplified
the Negev, and the Jordan Valley from Jericho (the city of palms) down to Zoar.
And the South, and the circle of the valley of Jericho, the town of palm-trees, as far as Zoar.
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran
The Masoretic Text is supported by the Septuagint, which matches 9 of the 10 words in this verse. The Dead Sea Scrolls show one word on the leather, with nine others supplied by an editor, indicating some textual preservation but also editorial intervention.
וְאֶת־ הַנֶּ֗גֶב וְֽאֶת־ הַכִּכָּ֞ר בִּקְעַ֧ת יְרֵח֛וֹ עִ֥יר הַתְּמָרִ֖ים עַד־ צֹֽעַר׃
9 of the 10 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.
[ואת] [הנגב] [ואת] [הככר] בקעת [ירחו] [עיר] [התמרים] [עד] [צער]
1 word on the leather — 9 supplied entire by an editor.
Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Deuteronomy 34:3
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HC/To — Conjunction · particleHC/To
נֶ֫גֶב (negev) refers to the southern region of Judah, often characterized by its dry, parched landscape. The term can mean 'south-country' or simply 'south.' It is derived from an unused root associated with drought. The entries consistently identify it with the Negeb area, without significant disagreement among the lexicons.
נֶ֫גֶב n.[m.] south-country, Negeb, south
base
H5045 נֶ֫גֶב south-country, Negeb, south
5045 negeb neh'-gheb
from an unused root meaning to be parched; the south (from
its drought); specifically, the Negeb or southern district of
Judah, occasionally, Egypt (as south to Palestine):--south
(country, side, -ward).
נֶ֫גֶב (ne.gev) — Negeb.
region of southern Judah
Also named: ne.gev (נֶ֫גֶב "south" H5045H)
This name means south-country
נֶ֫גֶב (ne.gev) — south.
A sub-meaning of ne.gev (נֶ֫גֶב "Negeb" H5045)
§ 1) south-country, Nekeb, south
1a) south-country
1a1) region of southern Judah, boundaries not specific
1b) south
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun properHTd/Npl
אֵת (eth) is primarily a grammatical marker in Hebrew, indicating the definite direct object of a verb. It is not translated into English and typically precedes nouns that are definite. The word is derived from a demonstrative sense of entity, related to the Hebrew word for 'self.' Its Aramaic equivalent is יָת (yat).
אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
base
H853 אֵת the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite
853 'eth ayth
apparent contracted from 226 in the demonstrative sense of
entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more
definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or
namely):--(as such unrepresented in English).
see HEBREW for 0226
אֵת (et) — [Obj.].
sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative
Aramaic equivalent: yat (יָת "whom" H3487)
HC/To — Conjunction · particleHC/To
כִּכָּר (kikkar) refers to something round, encompassing meanings such as a round district, a round loaf of bread, or a round weight like a talent. It is derived from a root meaning 'circle' and is notably associated with the region around the Jordan Valley. The term also has an Aramaic equivalent, indicating its use in various contexts.
כִּכָּר n.f. a round: hence 1. a round district. 2. a round loaf. 3. a round weight, talent
base
H3603 כִּכָּר a round: hence 1. a round district. 2. a round loaf. 3. a round weight, talent
3603 kikkar kik-kawr'
from 3769; a circle, i.e. (by implication) a circumjacent
tract or region, expec. the Ghor or valley of the Jordan; also
a (round) loaf; also a talent (or large (round) coin):--loaf,
morsel, piece, plain, talent.
see HEBREW for 03769
כִּכָּר (kik.kar) — Plain (of Jericho).
This name means round, environs
כִּכָּר (kik.kar) — talent.
1) round
1a) a round district (environs of the Jordan valley)
1b) a round loaf (of bread)
1c) a round weight, talent (of gold, silver, bronze, iron)
Aramaic equivalent: kik.ker (כִּכֵּר "talent" H3604)
Art | N-cs — Particle · noun common feminine singular absoluteHTd/Ncfsa
בִּקְעָה (biq'ah) refers to a valley or plain, specifically a wide, level area between mountains. It is derived from a root meaning 'to split.' The term is associated with various valleys, including those in Jericho and Lebanon. The Aramaic equivalent is בִּקְעָא (biq.a), meaning 'plain.'
בִּקְעָה n.f. valley (cleft), plain
valley
plain
base
H1237 בִּקְעָה valley (cleft), plain
1237 biq`ah bik-aw'
from 1234; properly, a split, i.e. a wide level valley
between mountains:--plain, valley.
see HEBREW for 01234
בִּקְעָה (biq.ah) — Valley (of Jericho).
This name means plain, level valley
Another name of kik.kar (כִּכָּר "Plain" H3603G)
בִּקְעָה (biq.ah) — (Mizpah) Valley.
This name means plain, level valley
Combined with mits.pah (מִצְפָּה "Mizpah" H4709I)
בִּקְעָה (biq.ah) — (Lebanon) Valley.
This name means plain, level valley
Combined with le.va.non (לְבָנוֹן " of Lebanon" H3844I)
בִּקְעָה (biq.ah) — (Aven) Valley.
This name means plain, level valley
Combined with a.ven (אָ֫וֶן " of Aven" H0206)
בִּקְעָה (biq.ah) — valley.
1) valley
2) plain, level valley
Aramaic equivalent: biq.a (בִּקְעָא "plain" H1236)
N-fs — Noun common · feminine singular constructHNcfsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
יְרִיחוֹ (Yriychow) refers to Jericho, a city in Palestine known as 'its moon.' It is located west of the Jordan River and is significant as the first city conquered by the Israelites when entering Canaan. The name may derive from terms meaning 'month' or 'fragrant.' The lexicons agree on its geographical and historical context.
יְרִיחוֹ, יְרִיחֹה, יְרֵחוֹ 57 n.pr.loc. Jericho
base
H3405 יְרִיחוֹ, יְרִיחֹה, יְרֵחוֹ Jericho
3405 Yriychow yer-ee-kho'
or Yrechow {yer-ay-kho'}; or variation (1 Kings 16:34)
Yriychoh {yer-ee-kho'}; perhaps from 3394; its month; or else
from 7306; fragrant; Jericho or Jerecho, a place in
Palestine:--Jericho.
see HEBREW for 03394
see HEBREW for 07306
יְרִיחוֹ (ye.ri.cho) — Jericho.
Jericho = "its moon"
a city 5 miles (8 km) west of the Jordan and 7 miles (11.5 km) north of the Dead Sea and the first city conquered by the Israelites upon entering the promised land of Canaan
Also named: Hierichō (Ἱεριχώ "Jericho" G2410)
יְרִיחוֹ (ye.ri.cho) — (Plain of) Jericho.
Combined with kik.kar (כִּכָּר "Plain" H3603)
§ Jericho = "its moon"
a city 5 miles (8 km) west of the Jordan and 7 miles (11.5 km) north of the Dead Sea and the first city conquered by the Israelites upon entering the promised land of Canaan
N-proper — Noun properHNpl
jer'-i-ko (the word occurs in two forms. In the Pentateuch, in 2Ki 25:5 and in Ezra, Nehemiah, Chronicles it is written yerecho; yericho, elsewhere): In 1Ki 16:34 the final Hebrew letter is he (h), instead of waw (w). The termination waw (w) thought to preserve the peculiarities of the old Canaanite. dialect. In the Septuagint we have the indeclinable form, Iericho (Swete has the form Iereicho as well), both with and without the feminine article; in the New Testament Iereicho, once with the feminine article The Arabic is er-Riha. According to De 32:49 it stood opposite Nebo, while in 34:3 it is called a city grove of palm trees. It was surrounded with a wall (Jos 2:15)…
Jericho
Place of fragrance, a fenced city in the midst of a vast grove of palm trees, in the plain of Jordan, over against the place where that river was crossed by the Israelites (Josh. 3:16). Its site was near the ‘Ain es-Sultan, Elisha’s Fountain (2 Kings 2:19-22), about 5 miles west of Jordan. It was the most important city in the Jordan valley (Num. 22:1; 34:15), and the strongest fortress in all the land of Canaan. It was the key to Western Palestine.
This city was taken in a very remarkable manner by the Israelites (Josh. 6). God gave it into their hands. The city was “accursed” (Heb. herem, “devoted” to Jehovah), and accordingly (Josh. 6:17; comp.
(place of fragrance), a city of high antiquity, situated in a plain traversed by the Jordan, and exactly over against where that river was crossed by the Israelites under Joshua. (Joshua 3:16) It was five miles west of the Jordan and seven miles northwest of the Dead Sea. It had a king. Its walls were so considerable that houses were built upon them. ch. (Joshua 2:15) The spoil that was found in it betokened its affluence. Jericho is first mentioned as the city to which the two spies were sent by Joshua from Shittim. (Joshua 2:1-21) It was bestowed by him upon the tribe of Benjamin, ch. (Joshua 18:21) and from this time a long interval elapses before Jericho appears again…
A city of Benjamin, Jos 16:7 18:21, about eighteen miles east north east of Jerusalem, and seven miles from the Jordan. It was the first city in Canaan taken by Joshua, who being miraculously aided by the downfall of its walls, totally destroyed it, sparing only Rahab and her household, and pronounced a curse upon the person who should ever rebuild it, which was more than five hundred years afterwards fulfilled on Hiel, Jos 6:26 1Ki 16:34. Meanwhile a new Jericho had been built on some neighboring site, Jud 3:3 2Sa 10:5. Jericho was also called the "city of palm-trees," De…
עִיר הַתְּמָרִים (city of palms) = יְרִיחוֹ q.v.
done
H5899 יְרִיחוֹ, יְרִיחֹה, יְרֵחוֹ
5899 `Iyr hat-Tmariym eer hat-tem-aw-reem'
from 5892 and the plural of 8558 with the article
interpolated; city of the palmtrees; Ir-hat-Temarim, a place
in Palestine:--the city of palmtrees.
see HEBREW for 05892
see HEBREW for 08558
עִיר הַתְּמָרִים (ir hat.t.ma.rim) — Ir-hatmarim.
Ir-hatmarim = "the city of palmtrees"
another name for 'Jericho'
HNcfsc — Noun common · feminine singular constructHNcfsc
ov:
(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.
OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]
1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.
I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.
For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.
It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.
Lamentations 3:1.
The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.
Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.
That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.
Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…
עִיר הַתְּמָרִים (city of palms) = יְרִיחוֹ q.v.
done
H5899 יְרִיחוֹ, יְרִיחֹה, יְרֵחוֹ
5899 `Iyr hat-Tmariym eer hat-tem-aw-reem'
from 5892 and the plural of 8558 with the article
interpolated; city of the palmtrees; Ir-hat-Temarim, a place
in Palestine:--the city of palmtrees.
see HEBREW for 05892
see HEBREW for 08558
עִיר הַתְּמָרִים (ir hat.t.ma.rim) — Ir-hatmarim.
Ir-hatmarim = "the city of palmtrees"
another name for 'Jericho'
HTd/Ncmpa — Particle · noun common masculine plural absoluteHTd/Ncmpa
Were frequently used as types of kings, or men of wealth and power, Ps 37:35 Isa 2:13 Da 4:10-26 Zec 11:1,2. The "tree of knowledge of good and evil" bore the forbidden fruit, by eating of which Adam fatally increased his knowledge—of good by its loss, of sin and woe by actual experience, Ge 2:9,17. The "tree of life" may have been both an assurance and a means of imparting life, a seal of eternal holiness and bliss, if man had not sinned. Compare Re 22:2.
עַד (ad) primarily functions as a preposition, adverb, or conjunction meaning 'until,' 'up to,' or 'as far as.' It can denote spatial, temporal, or degree-related contexts, such as 'even to' or 'while.' The entries indicate its use in poetry and in various combinations, but there is no significant disagreement among the lexicons regarding its meanings.
עַד, in poetry עֲדֵי prep. as far as, even to, up to, until, while
prep.
of space
Of time
Of degree
conj.
until
While
Of degree, to the point that, so that even (rare)
עַד לְ, a strengthened form for עַד. Thus
of space
Of time
Of degree
base
H5704 עַד, in poetry עֲדֵי as far as, even to, up to, until, while . prep. . of space
. Of time
. Of degree
. conj. . until
. While
. Of degree, to the point that, so that even (rare)
. עַד לְ, a strengthened form for עַד. Thus . of space
. Of time
. Of degree
5704 `ad ad
properly, the same as 5703 (used as a preposition, adverb or
conjunction; especially with a preposition); as far (or long,
or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during,
while, until) or degree (equally with):--against, and, as,
at, before, by (that), even (to), for(-asmuch as),
(hither-)to, + how long, into, as long (much) as, (so) that,
till, toward, until, when, while, (+ as) yet.
see HEBREW for 05703
עַד (ad) — till.
prep
1) as far as, even to, until, up to, while, as far as
1a) of space
1a1) as far as, up to, even to
1b) in combination
1b1) from...as far as, both...and (with 'min' -from)
1c) of time
1c1) even to, until, unto, till, during, end
1d) of degree
1d1) even to, to the degree of, even like
conj
2) until, while, to the point that, so that even
Aramaic equivalent: ad (עַד "till" H5705)
Prep — PrepositionHR
צֹעַר (tso'ar) refers to Zoar, a city located at the southeastern end of the Dead Sea. The name is understood to mean 'insignificance.' It is noted in the context of the biblical narrative as one of the cities associated with Sodom and Gomorrah, which was spared from destruction at Lot's request.
צֹ֫עַר, צ֫וֹעַר n.pr.loc. Zoar (understood as insignificance) city at SE. end of Dead Sea
base
H6820 צֹעַר, צוֹעַר Zoar
6820 Tso`ar tso'ar
from 6819; little; Tsoar, a place East of the Jordan:--Zoar.
see HEBREW for 06819
צֹ֫עַר (tso.ar) — Zoar.
§ Zoar = "insignificance"
a city at the southeast end of the Dead Sea grouped with Sodom and Gomorrah as being one of the 5 cities slated for destruction by God; spared at Lot's plea as his place of refuge
N-proper — Noun properHNpl
zo'-ar (tso`ar; the Septuagint usually Segor, Zogora): The name of the city to which Lot escaped from Sodom (Ge 19:20-23,30), previously mentioned in Ge 13:10; 14:2,8, where its former name is said to have been Bela. In 19:22, its name is said to have been given because of its littleness, which also seems to have accounted for its being spared. The location of Zoar has much to do with that of the cities of the Plain or Valley of Siddim, with which it is always connected. In De 34:3, Moses is said to have viewed "the Plain of the valley of Jericho the city of palm trees, unto Zoar," while in Isa 15:5 and Jer 48:4 (where…
Zoar
Small, a town on the east or south-east of the Dead Sea, to which Lot and his daughters fled from Sodom (Gen. 19:22, 23). It was originally called Bela (14:2, 8). It is referred to by the prophets Isaiah (15:5) and Jeremiah (48:34). Its ruins are still seen at the opening of the ravine of Kerak, the Kir-Moab referred to in 2 Kings 3, the modern Tell esh-Shaghur.
(smallness), one of the most ancient cities of the land of Canaan. Its original name was BELA. (Genesis 14:2,8) It was in intimate connection with the cities of the "plain of Jordan" --Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah and Zeboiim, See also (Genesis 13:10) but not Genesis10:19 In the general destruction of the cities of the plain Zoar was spared to afford shelter to Lot. (Genesis 19:22,23,30) It is mentioned in the account of the death of Moses as one (of the landmarks which bounded his view from Pisgah, (34:3) and it appears to have been known in the time both of Isaiah, (Isaiah 15:5) and Jeremiah. (Jeremiah 48:34) These are…
A city on the south-east side of the Dead sea, was destined, with the other four cities, to be consumed by fire from heaven; but at the intercession of Lot it was preserved, Ge 14:2; 19:20-23,30. It was originally called Bela; but after Lot entreated the angel’s permission to take refuge in it, and insisted on the smallness of this city, it had the name Zoar, which signifies small.