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2 Chronicles 28:15 — Word Study

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WLCוַיָּקֻ֣מוּ הָאֲנָשִׁים֩ אֲשֶׁר־ נִקְּב֨וּ בְשֵׁמ֜וֹת וַיַּחֲזִ֣יקוּ בַשִּׁבְיָ֗ה וְכָֽל־ מַעֲרֻמֵּיהֶם֮ הִלְבִּ֣ישׁוּ מִן־ הַשָּׁלָל֒ וַיַּלְבִּשׁ֣וּם וַ֠יַּנְעִלוּם וַיַּאֲכִל֨וּם וַיַּשְׁק֜וּם וַיְסֻכ֗וּם וַיְנַהֲל֤וּם בַּחֲמֹרִים֙ לְכָל־ כּוֹשֵׁ֔ל וַיְבִיא֛וּם יְרֵח֥וֹ עִיר־ הַתְּמָרִ֖ים אֵ֣צֶל אֲחֵיהֶ֑ם וַיָּשׁ֖וּבוּ שֹׁמְרֽוֹן׃ פ

BSAwhoʼăsher were designatednâqab [chosen, selected] by nameshêm aroseqûwm took chargechâzaq of the captivesshibyâh [prisoners of war, those held in bondage] and provided frommin the plundershâlâl [spoils of war, booty] clothinglâbash [garments, attire] for the nakedmaʻărôm [uncovered, bare] They clothed themlâbash gave them sandalsnâʻal [shoes, footwear] and foodʼâkal [nourishment, sustenance] and drinkshâqâh [beverage, refreshment] anointed [their wounds]çûwk [applied oil to, smeared, injuries, hurts] and putnâhal allkôl the feeblekâshal [weak, frail] on donkeyschămôwr [asses, beasts of burden] So they brought thembôwʼ to JerichoYᵉrîychôw [the city of palm trees, a place of refuge] the Cityʻîyr of Palmstâmâr [a city of abundance] toʼêtsel their brothersʼâch [kinsmen, fellow Israelites] Then they returnedshûwb [turned back, went back] to SamariaShômᵉrôwn [the capital city, a place of watchfulness]

Word
Listen & take away2 Chronicles 28
English ↓ Download MP3 The Berean Standard Bible chapter audio already hosted for the site's Bible section — verse 15 is in this chapter.
Hebrew ↓ Download MP3 The Masoretic text of this chapter, read aloud. Read by Abraham Shmuelof, courtesy of Audio Scriptures International. Chapter divisions by the Academy of Ancient Languages..
Say the word Each Hebrew word carries its transliteration (sho.me.Ron) — no per-word recordings of the Hebrew exist to link to.
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2 Chronicles 28:15quick helps
In a sentenceThe designated men took action to care for the captives, providing them with clothing, food, and support.
Who is speakingThe narrative describes the actions of unnamed men who were appointed for this task.
Where we areThis passage describes a moment of compassion and care for captives after a conflict.
The hard wordנִקְּב֨וּ
Take awayThe community responded to the needs of the vulnerable, demonstrating compassion and support.
7 commentators on this verse Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them › clause verbקוּם The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
How rare are these words?in the Old Testament

1 of 29 occurs nowhere else in the Old Testament — a word chosen on purpose.

Bars are logarithmic — אֵת, the commonest word in the Hebrew Bible, stands about 11,000 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.

Deep Study — 2 Chronicles 28:15

Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.

Context — Compassion for the Captivesgenerated

14So the armed men left the captives and the plunder before the leaders and all the assembly.
15Then the men who were designated by name arose, took charge of the captives, and provided from the plunder clothing for the naked. They clothed them, gave them sandals and food and drink, anointed their wounds, and put all the feeble on donkeys. So they brought them to Jericho, the City of Palms, to their brothers. Then they returned to Samaria.
16At that time King Ahaz sent for help from the king of Assyria.
17The Edomites had again come and attacked Judah and carried away captives.

2 Chronicles 28:15 recounts how certain men, chosen for their roles, took charge of the captives after a conflict. They provided clothing, food, and care, demonstrating compassion to those in need. This act of kindness reflects the broader biblical theme of caring for the vulnerable and marginalized, as seen in various passages throughout the Scriptures.


Cross References

ReferenceText (BSB)
1Job 31:15–23Did not He who made me in the womb also make them? Did not the same One form us in the womb?
2Isaiah 58:7Isn’t it to share your bread with the hungry, to bring the poor and homeless into your home, to clothe the naked when you see him, and not to turn away from your own flesh and blood?
3Matthew 25:35–45For I was hungry and you gave Me something to eat, I was thirsty and you gave Me something to drink, I was a stranger and you took Me in,
4Acts 9:39So Peter got up and went with them. On his arrival, they took him to the upper room. All the widows stood around him, weeping and showing him the tunics and other clothing that Dorcas had made while she was still with them.
51 Timothy 5:10and well known for good deeds such as bringing up children, entertaining strangers, washing the feet of the saints, imparting relief to the afflicted, and devoting herself to every good work.

The Key Word נִקְּב֨וּ, ni.ke.Vugenerated

The verb נִקְּב֨וּ (ni.ke.Vu) is a Niphal perfect form meaning 'they had been designated.' It is derived from the root meaning 'to pierce,' but in this context, it signifies being appointed or chosen for a specific task.

The passive voice indicates that the men did not choose themselves; they were selected for their roles, highlighting the communal nature of their responsibility in caring for the captives.


How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated

This study reads the verse in the Berean Standard Bible, so the BSB is the wording every comparison below is made against.


Sentence Structuregenerated

The finite verb וַיָּקֻ֣מוּ (vai.ya.Ku.mu), meaning 'and they arose,' governs the main action of the sentence. The structure is built around this verb, with several phrases detailing the actions taken by the men.

The sentence flows from the subject, the men, to their actions regarding the captives, culminating in their return to Jericho. This sequential structure emphasizes the series of compassionate actions taken.


Septuagint Backgroundgenerated

The Septuagint translates נִקְּב֨וּ as ἐπεκλήθησαν (epeklēthēsan), meaning 'they were called' or 'they were named.' This choice suggests a focus on the act of being designated for a purpose, aligning with the Hebrew meaning but emphasizing the calling aspect.

This translation reflects an interpretive choice that highlights the significance of their appointment in the context of their actions.


In plain words — the whole versegenerated

2 Chronicles 28:15 describes how certain men were chosen to care for captives after a conflict. They provided clothing, food, and support, showing kindness to those in need. This reflects a broader biblical theme of compassion for the vulnerable.


Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated

What does it mean that the men were designated by name?

It indicates that these men were specifically chosen for their roles, highlighting the importance of their responsibility in caring for the captives.

Why is it significant that they provided clothing and food?

Providing clothing and food reflects compassion and care for those who are vulnerable, a key theme in biblical teachings.

How does this passage relate to other biblical themes?

This passage connects to broader themes of justice and mercy found throughout the Scriptures, emphasizing the importance of caring for those in need.

What can we learn from the actions of these men?

Their actions serve as an example of how to respond to the needs of others with compassion and support, encouraging us to do the same.


Reflection Questionsgenerated

  1. How can I show compassion to those in need in my community?
  2. What responsibilities do I have to care for others who are vulnerable?
  3. In what ways can I be a source of support for those who are struggling?
  4. How does this passage challenge me to act with kindness and mercy?

Commentators on this verse — 7 expositors, verse by verse

Each of these wrote on 2 Chronicles 28:15 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.

John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

And the men that were expressed by name rose up,.... Either those before named, 2 Chronicles 28:12 as Jarchi, and so the Vulgate Latin version; or such as they pitched upon, nominated, and appointed:

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Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary

And the men which were expressed by name rose up, and took the captives, and with the spoil clothed all that were naked among them, and arrayed them, and shod them, and gave them to eat and to drink,

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Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy Bible

Which were expressed by name; which were appointed to take care about the management of this business.

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John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

2 Chronicles 28:15 And the men which were expressed by name rose up, and took the captives, and with the spoil clothed all that were naked among them, and arrayed them, and shod them, and gave them to eat and to drink, and anointed them, and carried all the feeble of them upon asses, and brought them to Jericho, the city of palm trees, to their brethren: then they returned to Samaria.Ver. 15. And anointed them, and carried all the feeble of them.] This was to "break off their iniquities by showing mercy to the poor, that there might be a lengthening of their tranquillity." Clementia plus potest quam violentia. Courtesy can do no more than cruelty, said Antigonus. Julius Caesar, Vespasian…

Read John Trapp on 2 Chronicles 28 →
Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(15) And arrayed . . . shod them.—And they clad them, and sandalled them. (For the miserable destitution of captives, see Isaiah 3:24; Isaiah 20:2; Isaiah 20:4, “naked and barefoot.”) Anointed them (sûk, usually intransitive, e.g., 2 Samuel 14:2). (Comp. Luke 7:38.) A different word (mashah) was used to express the ceremonial anointing of kings and priests. Carried all the feeble of them upon asses.—Literally, led them on he-asses, to wit, every stumbling one. There would be many such, as the captives were mostly women and children. To.—Beside.The writer dwells with manifest pleasure upon the kindness shown by their repentant foes of the northern kingdom to these Jewish captives. He may…

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CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

15. were expressed] R.V. have been expressed. The phrase is characteristic of the Chronicler; cp. 2 Chronicles 31:19; 1 Chronicles 12:31; 1 Chronicles 16:41; Ezra 8:20. took the captives] Render, took hold of the captives; i.e. succoured them; cp. Hebrews 2:16 (ἐπιλαμβάνεται = “he taketh hold of”). to eat and to drink] Cp. 2 Kings 6:23. anointed them] Part of the host’s duty; cp. Luke 7:44-46. to Jericho] Jericho perhaps belonged to the northern kingdom; cp. 1 Kings 16:34; 2 Kings 2:4. A road led to it from Mount Ephraim past ‘Ain ed-Duk, G. A. Smith, Hist. Geography, pp. 266 ff. the city of palm trees] Cp. Deuteronomy 34:3. The phrase is an alternative name of Jericho; cp. Judges 1:16…

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Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Jericho, which lies much farther from Samaria than many points of the territory of Judah, was perhaps selected because the captives had been carried off principally from this point; or because there

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The verse in English, compared — 17 translations, and where they part company

Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.

Modern formal

BSBBerean Standard Bible2020

Then the men who were designated by name arose, took charge of the captives, and provided from the plunder clothing for the naked. They clothed them, gave them sandals and food and drink, anointed their wounds, and put all the feeble on donkeys. So they brought them to Jericho, the City of Palms, to their brothers. Then they returned to Samaria.

WEBWorld English Bible2000

The men who have been mentioned by name rose up and took the captives, and with the plunder clothed all who were naked among them, dressed them, gave them sandals, gave them something to eat and to drink, anointed them, carried all the feeble of them on donkeys, and brought them to Jericho, the city of palm trees, to their brothers. Then they returned to Samaria.

MSBMajority Standard Bible2022

Then the men who were designated by name arose, took charge of the captives, and provided from the plunder clothing for the naked. They clothed them, gave them sandals and food and drink, anointed their wounds, and put all the feeble on donkeys. So they brought them to Jericho, the City of Palms, to their brothers. Then they returned to Samaria.

NETBNew English Translation2006

Men were assigned to take the prisoners and find clothes among the plunder for those who were naked. So they clothed them, supplied them with sandals, gave them food and drink, and provided them with oil to rub on their skin. They put the ones who couldn’t walk on donkeys. They brought them back to their brothers at Jericho, the city of the date palm trees, and then returned to Samaria.

Tyndale line

KJVKing James Version1611

And the men which were expressed by name rose up, and took the captives, and with the spoil clothed all that were naked among them, and arrayed them, and shod them, and gave them to eat and to drink, and anointed them, and carried all the feeble of them upon asses, and brought them to Jericho, the city of palm trees, to their brethren: then they returned to Samaria.

ASVAmerican Standard Version1901

And the men that have been mentioned by name rose up, and took the captives, and with the spoil clothed all that were naked among them, and arrayed them, and shod them, and gave them to eat and to drink, and anointed them, and carried all the feeble of them upon asses, and brought them to Jericho, the city of palm-trees, unto their brethren: then they returned to Samaria.

RVARevised Version, American1894

And the men which have been expressed by name rose up, and took the captives, and with the spoil clothed all that were naked among them, and arrayed them, and shod them, and gave them to eat and to drink, and anointed them, and carried all the feeble of them upon asses, and brought them to Jericho, the city of palm trees, unto their brethren: then they returned to Samaria.

NWBWebster's Bible1833

And the men who were expressed by name arose, and took the captives, and with the spoil clothed all that were naked among them, and arrayed them, and shod them, and gave them to eat and to drink, and anointed them, and carried all the feeble of them upon asses, and brought them to Jericho, the city of palm trees, to their brethren: then they returned to Samaria.

GNVGeneva Bible1599

And the men that were named by name, rose vp and tooke the prisoners, and with the spoyle clothed all that were naked among them, and arayed them, and shod them, and gaue them meate, and gaue them drinke, and anoynted them, and caryed all that were feeble of them vpon asses, and brought them to Iericho the citie of Palme trees to their brethren: so they returned to Samaria.

Strictly literal

DBYDarby Translation1890

And the men that have been expressed by name rose up, and took the captives, and with the spoil clothed all that were naked among them, and arrayed them, and shod them, and gave them to eat and to drink, and anointed them, and carried all the feeble of them on asses, and brought them to Jericho the city of palm-trees, to their brethren. And they returned to Samaria.

YLTYoung's Literal Translation1862

and the men who have been expressed by name rise and take hold on the captives, and all their naked ones they have clothed from the spoil, yea, they clothe them, and shoe them, and cause them to eat and drink, and anoint them, and lead them on asses, even every feeble one, and bring them in to Jericho, the city of palms, near their brethren, and turn back to Samaria.

LSVLiteral Standard Version2020

and the men who have been expressed by name rise and take hold on the captives, and they have clothed all their naked ones from the spoil, indeed, they clothe them, and shoe them, and cause them to eat and drink, and anoint them, and lead them on donkeys, even every feeble one, and bring them to Jericho, the city of palms, near their brothers, and return to Samaria.

ILTInterlinear Literal Translation2000

And then arose the men who have been expressed by name, and took hold of the captives, and all that were naked among them they clothed from the booty; and they gave them garments and shoes, and gave them to eat and to drink, and anointed them, and carried all the feeble of them upon asses, and brought them to Jericho, the city of palm-trees, near their brethren; and then did they return to Samaria.

ULBUnlocked Literal Bible2017

The men who were assigned by name got up and took the prisoners, and clothed all who were naked among them with the plunder. They clothed them and gave them sandals. They gave them food to eat and drink. They treated their wounds and put the weak ones on donkeys. They took them back to their families in Jericho, (called the City of Palms). Then they returned to Samaria.

From the Latin

DRADouay-Rheims (Challoner)1899

And the men, whom we mentioned above, rose up and took the captives, and with the spoils clothed all them that were naked: and when they had clothed and shed them, and refreshed them with meat and drink, and anointed them because of their labour, and had taken care of them, they set such of them as could not walk, and were feeble, upon beasts, and brought them to Jericho the city of palm trees to their brethren, and they returned to Samaria.

Simplified

FBVFree Bible Version2020

The men named above got up and took clothes from the plunder to those that had none, gave them sandals to wear, and food and drink, and put olive oil on their wounds. Those who couldn't walk any more they put on donkeys, and took them all to Jericho, the town of palms, to be close to the people of Judah.

BBEBible in Basic English1949

And those men who have been named went up and took the prisoners, clothing those among them who were uncovered, with things from the goods which had been taken in the war, and putting robes on them and shoes on their feet; and they gave them food and drink and oil for their bodies, and seating all the feeble among them on asses, they took them to Jericho, the town of palm-trees, to their people, and then went back to Samaria.

Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.


The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the MACULA Hebrew treebank

This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.

וַandclauseverbיָּקֻ֣מוּthey.arosenoun phrase · subjectהָthenoun phraseאֲנָשִׁים֩menrelpאֲשֶׁרwhoclauseverbנִקְּב֨וּthey.had.been.designatedprepositional phrase · prepositionalבְbyשֵׁמ֜וֹתnamesוַandclauseverbיַּחֲזִ֣יקוּthey.took.holdprepositional phrase · prepositionalבַonnoun phrasetheשִּׁבְיָ֗הcaptive[s]וְandclausenoun phrase · objectכָֽלallnoun phraseמַעֲרֻמֵּיpeopleהֶם֮their.nakedverbהִלְבִּ֣ישׁוּthey.clothedprepositional phrase · prepositionalמִןfromnoun phraseהַtheשָּׁלָל֒bootyוַandclauseverbיַּלְבִּשׁ֣וּtheyobjectםclothed.themוַ֠andclauseverbיַּנְעִלוּtheyobjectםshod.themוַandclauseverbיַּאֲכִל֨וּtheyobjectםfed.themוַandclauseverbיַּשְׁק֜וּtheyobjectםgave.them.to.drinkוַandclauseverbיְסֻכ֗וּtheyobjectםanointed.themוַandclauseverbיְנַהֲל֤וּtheyobjectםled.themprepositional phrase · prepositionalבַּonחֲמֹרִים֙donkeysprepositional phrase · prepositionalלְ(to)noun phraseכָלanyכּוֹשֵׁ֔ל[one.who].stumbledוַandclauseverbיְבִיא֛וּtheyobjectםbrought.themnoun phrase · adverbialיְרֵח֥וֹJerichonoun phraseעִירthe.citynoun phraseהַofתְּמָרִ֖יםthe.palm.treesprepositional phrase · prepositionalאֵ֣צֶלbesidenoun phraseאֲחֵיrelativesהֶ֑םtheirוַandclauseverbיָּשׁ֖וּבוּthey.returnedadverbialשֹׁמְרֽוֹןSamaria

Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.


The four witnesses to this verse — Masoretic, Septuagint, Samaritan, Qumran

The Masoretic Text and the Septuagint largely agree in their wording, with 28 of the 29 words matched. The differences lie mainly in the word order and specific phrasing, but the core message remains consistent across both texts.

Masoretic TextLeningrad Codex, c. AD 1008 — the text this page is built on

וַיָּקֻ֣מוּ הָאֲנָשִׁים֩ אֲשֶׁר־ נִקְּב֨וּ בְשֵׁמ֜וֹת וַיַּחֲזִ֣יקוּ בַשִּׁבְיָ֗ה וְכָֽל־ מַעֲרֻמֵּיהֶם֮ הִלְבִּ֣ישׁוּ מִן־ הַשָּׁלָל֒ וַיַּלְבִּשׁ֣וּם וַ֠יַּנְעִלוּם וַיַּאֲכִל֨וּם וַיַּשְׁק֜וּם וַיְסֻכ֗וּם וַיְנַהֲל֤וּם בַּחֲמֹרִים֙ לְכָל־ כּוֹשֵׁ֔ל וַיְבִיא֛וּם יְרֵח֥וֹ עִיר־ הַתְּמָרִ֖ים אֵ֣צֶל אֲחֵיהֶ֑ם וַיָּשׁ֖וּבוּ שֹׁמְרֽוֹן׃ פ

Septuagintthe Greek the translators chose, word by word
וַיָּקֻ֣מוּἀνέστησανהָאֲנָשִׁים֩ἄνδρεςאֲשֶׁר־οἳנִקְּב֨וּἐπεκλήθησανבְשֵׁמ֜וֹתὀνόματιוַיַּחֲזִ֣יקוּἀντελάβοντοבַשִּׁבְיָ֗הαἰξμαλωσίαςוְכָֽל־πάνταςמַעֲרֻמֵּיהֶם֮γυμνοὺςהִלְבִּ֣ישׁוּπεριέβαλονמִן־ἀπὸהַשָּׁלָל֒σκύλωνוַיַּלְבִּשׁ֣וּםαὐτοὺςוַ֠יַּנְעִלוּםαὐτοὺςוַיַּאֲכִל֨וּםφαγεῖνוַיַּשְׁק֜וּםἀλείψασθαιוַיְנַהֲל֤וּםἀντελάβοντοבַּחֲמֹרִים֙ὑποζυγίοιςלְכָל־παντὸςכּוֹשֵׁ֔לἀσθενοῦντοςוַיְבִיא֛וּםαὐτοὺςיְרֵח֥וֹιεριξωעִיר־πόλινהַתְּמָרִ֖יםφοινίκωνאֵ֣צֶלπρὸςאֲחֵיהֶ֑םἀδελφοὺςוַיָּשׁ֖וּבוּἐπέστρεψανשֹׁמְרֽוֹן׃ פσαμάρειαν

28 of the 29 words are matched. This is the word-by-word correspondence, not the Septuagint's own sentence — its word order and its articles are its own.

Four traditions, not one. “On the leather” means the letters physically survive on the scroll, as against letters an editor has supplied to fill a hole in it — a restoration is a scholar’s reading, not a reading of the manuscript. Words in [square brackets] are supplied; the notes count them apart from what survives.


The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with

This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Hebrew Bible — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.

2 Chronicles 28:15לֵבand they arand they aroseלֵבאֱנוֹשׁthe menthe menאֱנוֹשׁאֲשֶׁרwhowhoאֲשֶׁרנָקַבthey had bethey had been dנָקַבשֵׁםby namesby namesשֵׁםחָזַקand they toand they took hחָזַקשִׁבְיָהon the grouon the group ofשִׁבְיָהכֹּלand alland allכֹּלמַעֲרֹםnaked peoplnaked people thמַעֲרֹםלָבֵשׁthey clothethey clothedלָבֵשׁמִן־fromfromמִן־שָׁלָלthe bootythe bootyשָׁלָללָבֵשׁand they cland they clotheלָבֵשׁנָעַלand they shand they shod tנָעַלאָכַלand they feand they fed thאָכַלשָׁקָהand they gaand they gave tשָׁקָהסוּךְand they anand they anointסוּךְנָהַלand they leand they led thנָהַלחֲמוֹרon donkeyson donkeysחֲמוֹרכֹּלanyanyכֹּלכָּשַׁל[one who] s[one who] stumbכָּשַׁלבּוֹאand they brand they broughבּוֹאיְרִיחוֹJerichoJerichoיְרִיחוֹיְרִיחוֹ[the] city [the] city ofיְרִיחוֹיְרִיחוֹthe palm trthe palm treesיְרִיחוֹאֵ֫צֶלbesidebesideאֵ֫צֶלאָחrelatives trelatives theirאָחשׁוּבand they reand they returnשׁוּבשִׁמְרוֹןSamariaSamariaשִׁמְרוֹןכָּלַלto perfectto perfectכָּלַלעִירexcitementexcitementעִירשָׁלַלto taketo takeשָׁלַלאָנַשׁbe incurabbe incurableאָנַשׁשׂוּםto set: mato set: makeשׂוּםעָרֹםbe shrewdbe shrewdעָרֹםנַ֫עַלsandalsandalנַ֫עַלחָמַרto aggitatto aggitateחָמַראָצַלto reserveto reserveאָצַלשְׁבִיcaptivitycaptivityשְׁבִימֵןstringstringמֵןשָׁכַרbe drunkbe drunkשָׁכַריָרֵחַmoonmoonיָרֵחַרִיחַto smellto smellרִיחַאָבfatherfatherאָבשָׁמַרto keep: oto keep: obeyשָׁמַרעֵדָהcongregaticongregationעֵדָהעֲבֹדָהserviceserviceעֲבֹדָה
meets it a little oftener than chancemeets it far oftener than chancebuilt from the same roottwo words of the verse share ita word of this versea related word

Lexicons — every word in 2 Chronicles 28:15

One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Hebrew lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.

Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. On the Hebrew: Brown-Driver-Briggs entire and its gloss set, Strong's Hebrew Dictionary, and Tyndale House's Translators Brief lexicon. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.

and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
וַיָּקֻ֣מוּvai.ya.Ku.mu and they arose H6965 Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person masculine plural
628× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Qum means to rise or stand up, used in various contexts like rising to power or standing firm, as seen in Jeremiah and Ezra.
Tyndale gloss
(Leb)-kamai
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word קוּם (qum) is a primitive root meaning 'to rise' and encompasses a range of actions such as standing, becoming powerful, and establishing. It can imply a sudden or hostile rise, as well as the act of fulfilling or confirming something. The entries also note various grammatical forms, indicating its use in different contexts, including raising up or causing to stand.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לֵב קָמָי prob. late Atbash Je 51:1.

ref

קוּם 628 vb. arise, stand up, stand

Qal 460

arise

arise, in hostile sense (oft. with idea of suddenness)

arise, abs., = become powerful

arise = come on the scene, appear, of leader, prophet

arise for, i.e. to become

arise for action

arise (out of inaction), introducing some specific deed

esp. arise = start, make a move, to go somewhere

stand

Pi.

fulfil

confirm, ratify

confirm, establish

impose, an obligation

Pō‛l. raise up

Hithpō‛l. raise oneself, = rise up

Hiph.

146cause to arise, raise

raise, set up, stones

erect, build

fig, of setting up law

raise up = bring on the scene

raise up = rouse, stir up

instigate, build

fig, of setting up law

raise up = constitute

cause to stand

Hoph. be raised up

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H6965a לֵב קָמָי prob. late Atbash H6965b קוּם arise, stand up, stand .. arise

. arise, in hostile sense (oft. with idea of suddenness)

. arise, abs., = become powerful

. arise = come on the scene, appear, of leader, prophet

. arise for, i.e. to become

. . arise for action

. arise (out of inaction), introducing some specific deed

. esp. arise = start, make a move, to go somewhere

. stand

. . fulfil

. . confirm, ratify

. confirm, establish

. impose, an obligation

. raise up

. raise oneself, = rise up

. . cause to arise, raise

. . raise, set up, stones

. erect, build

. fig, of setting up law

. raise up = bring on the scene

. . raise up = rouse, stir up

. instigate, build

. fig, of setting up law

. raise up = constitute

. cause to stand

. be raised up

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

6965 quwm koom

a primitive root; to rise (in various applications, literal,

figurative, intensive and causative):--abide, accomplish, X

be clearer, confirm, continue, decree, X be dim, endure, X

enemy, enjoin, get up, make good, help, hold, (help to) lift

up (again), make, X but newly, ordain, perform, pitch, raise

(up), rear (up), remain, (a-)rise (up) (again, against), rouse

up, set (up), (e-)stablish, (make to) stand (up), stir up,

strengthen, succeed, (as-, make) sure(-ly), (be) up(-hold, -

rising).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

קָמָי (qa.may) — (Leb)-kamai.

Combined with lev (לֵב "Leb" H3820B)

§ -Kamai = "my adversary"

Leb-kamai, i.e., people of Gambulai

קוּם (qum) — to arise: rise.

: rise/get_going

1) to rise, arise, stand, rise up, stand up

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to arise

1a2) to arise (hostile sense)

1a3) to arise, become powerful

1a4) to arise, come on the scene

1a5) to stand

1a5a) to maintain oneself

1a5b) to be established, be confirmed

1a5c) to stand, endure

1a5d) to be fixed

1a5e) to be valid

1a5f) to be proven

1a5g) to be fulfilled

1a5h) to persist

1a5i) to be set, be fixed

1b) (Piel)

1b1) to fulfil

1b2) to confirm, ratify, establish, impose

1c) (Polel) to raise up

1d) (Hithpael) to raise oneself, rise up

1e) (Hiphil)

1e1) to cause to arise, raise

1e2) to raise, set up, erect, build

1e3) to raise up, bring on the scene

1e4) to raise up, rouse, stir up, investigate

1e5) to raise up, constitute

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person masculine plural
Hc/Vqw3mp
and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
הָאֲנָשִׁים֩ha.'a.na.Shim the men H582 Particle · noun common masculine plural absolute
566× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Enosh refers to a human or mankind in general, used to describe individuals or people as a whole in the Bible.
Tyndale gloss
human
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֱנוֹשׁ (enowsh) refers to man or mankind, often used in a poetic context. It denotes a mortal individual, distinguishing humans from more dignified terms for man. The word encompasses both singular and collective meanings, indicating people or persons in general. Its Aramaic equivalent is אֱנָשׁ (e.nash), also meaning 'man'.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֱנוֹשׁ n.m. man, mankind, mostly poet.

of individ.

coll. men

man, mankind

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H582 אֱנוֹשׁ man, mankind, mostly poet.

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

582 'enowsh en-oshe'

from 605; properly, a mortal (and thus differing from the

more dignified 120); hence, a man in general (singly or

collectively):--another, X (blood-)thirsty, certain,

chap(-man); divers, fellow, X in the flower of their age,

husband, (certain, mortal) man, people, person, servant, some

( X of them), + stranger, those, + their trade. It is often

unexpressed in the English versions, especially when used in

apposition with another word . Compare 376.

see HEBREW for 0605

see HEBREW for 0120

see HEBREW for 0376

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֱנוֹשׁ (e.nosh) — human.

1) man, mortal man, person, mankind

1a) of an individual

1b) men (collective)

1c) man, mankind

Aramaic equivalent: e.nash (אֱנָשׁ "man" H0606)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HTd/Ncmpa — Particle · noun common masculine plural absolute
HTd/Ncmpa
and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
אֲשֶׁר־'a.Sher- who H834 Particle
5,500× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word is a conjunction that connects ideas and events in the Bible, like in the book of Genesis, where it's used to describe the relationship between God and His creation.
Tyndale gloss
which
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word אֲשֶׁר (*asher*) is a relative pronoun that can mean 'who,' 'which,' or 'that.' It serves various grammatical functions, including as an adverb or conjunction, indicating relationships between clauses, places, or conditions. Variants like בַאֲשֶׁר (*ba-asher*), מֵאֲשֶׁר (*me-asher*), and כַּאֲשֶׁר (*ka-asher*) expand its usage to specific contexts such as location, causation, and time.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause.

base

בַאֲשֶׁר

in (that) which

adv. in (the place) where

conj. in that, inasmuch as

on account of whom?

base

מֵאֲשֶׁר

from (or than) that which

adv. from (the place) where

conj. from (the fact) that …, since

base

כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when

according to that which, according as, as

with a causal force, in so far as, since

with a temporal force, when

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H834a אֲשֶׁר part. of relation A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause. H834b בַאֲשֶׁר . in (that) which

. adv. in (the place) where

. conj. in that, inasmuch as

. on account of whom?

H834c מֵאֲשֶׁר . from (or than) that which

. adv. from (the place) where

. conj. from (the fact) that …, since

H834d כַּאֲשֶׁר conj. according as, as, when . according to that which, according as, as

. with a causal force, in so far as, since

. with a temporal force, when

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

834 'aher ash-er'

a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number);

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction)

when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.:--X after, X

alike, as (soon as), because, X every, for, + forasmuch, +

from whence, + how(-soever), X if, (so) that ((thing) which,

wherein), X though, + until, + whatsoever, when, where

(+ -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, +

whither(- soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is

indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun

expletively, used to show the connection.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֲשֶׁר (a.sher) — which.

A: 1) (relative part.)

1a) which, who

1b) that which

2) (conj)

2a) that (in obj clause)

2b) when

2c) since

2d) as

2e) conditional if

B: Beth+ 1) in (that) which

2) (adv)

2a) where

3) (conj)

3a) in that, inasmuch as

3b) on account of

C: Mem+ 1) from (or than) that which

2) from (the place) where

3) from (the fact) that, since

D: Kaph+

1) (conj.), according as, as, when

1a) according to that which, according as, as

1b) with a causal force: in so far as, since

1c) with a temporal force: when

בַאֲשֶׁר (ba.a.sher) — in which.

1) in (that) which

2) (adv)

2a) where

3) (conj)

3a) in that, inasmuch as

3b) on account of

מֵאֲשֶׁר (me.a.sher) — whence.

1) from (or than) that which

2) from (the place) where

3) from (the fact) that, since

כַּאֲשֶׁר (ka.a.sher) — as which.

conj

1) according as, as, when

1a) according to that which, according as, as

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Rel — Particle
HTr
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
נִקְּב֨וּni.ke.Vu they had been designated H5344 Verb · Niphal · perfect third person common plural
19× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to curse or blaspheme, often with a sense of violence or strong emotion. It can also mean to pierce or strike through, as seen in Exodus.
Amplified meaning
chosen, selected
Tyndale gloss
to pierce
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word נָקַב (naqab) primarily means to pierce or bore, with additional meanings including to designate or appoint. It can also refer to cursing or blaspheming. The entries indicate a range of uses, from literal piercing to figurative designations, but do not provide specific verse references.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[נָקַב] vb. pierce

Qal

pierce, bore

prick off, designate, wages

Niph. who were pricked off, designated, by name

base

[נָקַב] vb. curse

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5344a נָקַב pierce .. pierce, bore

. prick off, designate, wages

. who were pricked off, designated, by name

H5344b נָקַב curse

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5344 naqab naw-kab'

a primitive root; to puncture, literally (to perforate, with

more or less violence) or figuratively (to specify, designate,

libel):--appoint, blaspheme, bore, curse, express, with

holes, name, pierce, strike through.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נָקַב (na.qav) — to pierce.

1) to pierce, perforate, bore, appoint

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to pierce, bore

1a2) to prick off, designate

1b) (Niphal) to be pricked off, be designated, be specified

נָקַב (na.qav) — to curse.

(Qal) to curse, blaspheme

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Niphal-Perf-3cp — Verb · Niphal · perfect third person common plural
HVNp3cp
and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
בְשֵׁמ֜וֹתve.she.Mot by names H8034 Preposition · noun common feminine plural absolute
864× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, a name represents a person's identity, honor, and character, like God's name symbolizing His power and authority. It appears in Genesis and other books, often referring to God's name or a person's reputation. This concept is central to understanding biblical identity.
Tyndale gloss
name
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שֵׁם (shem) means 'name' and encompasses various meanings such as reputation, fame, and glory. It can refer to the designation of God and is often associated with memorials or monuments. The word is built from a primitive root and highlights individuality and honor. There is a mention of its use in relation to false gods, which is forbidden.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שֵׁם 864 n.m. name (√ unknown)

of river, beasts, city, i.e. exact designation of it

usu. of pers.

= reputation

esp. as giving a man a kind of posthumous life, esp. in his sons

name, as designation of God

of false gods, use forbidden

= memorial, monument

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8034 שֵׁם name (√ unknown)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8034 shem shame

a primitive word (perhaps rather from 7760 through the idea

of definite and conspicuous position; compare 8064); an

appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by

implication honor, authority, character:--+ base,

(in-)fame(-ous), named(-d), renown, report.

see HEBREW for 07760

see HEBREW for 08064

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שֵׁם (shem) — name.

1) name

1a) name

1b) reputation, fame, glory

1c) the Name (as designation of God)

1d) memorial, monument

Aramaic equivalent: shum (שֻׁם "name" H8036)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-mp — Preposition · noun common feminine plural absolute
HR/Ncfpa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Smith's Bible Dictionary

Names of places . --These may be divided into two general classes --descriptive and historical. The former are such as mark some peculiarity of the locality, usually a natural one, e.g. Sharon, "plain" Gibeah, "hill;" Pisgah. "height." Of the second class of local names, some were given in honor of individual men, e.g. the city Enoch (Genesis 4:17) etc. More commonly, however, such names were given to perpetuate that memory of some important historic occurrence. Bethel perpetuated through all Jewish history the early revelations of God to Jacob. (Genesis 28:19; 35:15) So Jehovah-jireh, (Genesis 22:14) Mahanaim, (Genesis 32:2) Peniel etc. In forming compounds to serve as…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

Among the Hebrews were frequently significant; sometimes of a family trait, and sometimes of circumstances attending the birth of a child; often too they were assumed afterwards to commemorate some striking occurrence in one’s history. Compare the cases of Ishmael, Esau, and Jacob, Moses, Ichabod, etc., Ge 16:16 25:25,26 Ex 2:10 1Sa 4:21.

Compound names were frequent; and often a part of the name of God, JAH EL, JEHO, etc., was employed as in Eliezer, Ex 18:4, Amuel, Josiah, Adonijah. Sometimes a whole phrase was formed into a name; as Elioneai, to Jehovah are mine eyes, 1Ch 4:36. The New Testament names are chiefly…

and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
וַיַּחֲזִ֣יקוּvai.ya.cha.Zi.ku and they took hold H2388 Verb · Hiphil · sequential imperfect third person masculine plural
291× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To strengthen means to be strong or courageous, and can also mean to seize or conquer, as seen in various KJV translations.
Tyndale gloss
to strengthen: strengthen
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word חָזַק (chazaq) means to be strong or to strengthen. It encompasses a range of meanings including to support, encourage, and make firm, as well as to seize or hold fast. The word can be used in various forms, such as to strengthen oneself or to display strength. There is no significant disagreement among lexicons regarding its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

חָזַק 291 vb. be or grow firm, strong, strengthen

Qal

intrans. be or grow strong

transit. only strengthened him not

Pi.

make strong (physically)

strengthen the hands (acc.) of anyone, sustain, encourage

make strong = bold, encourage

make firm

make rigid, hard, i.e. perverse, obstinate, harden

Hiph.

make strong, strengthen

make firm, the kingdom

display strength

make severe, of battle

support

= repair

prevail

esp. take or keep hold of, seize, grasp

Hithp.

strengthen oneself

put forth strength, use one's strength

withstand

hold strongly with

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2388 חָזַק be or grow firm, strong, strengthen .. intrans. be or grow strong

. transit. only strengthened him not

. . make strong (physically)

. strengthen the hands (acc.) of anyone, sustain, encourage

. make strong = bold, encourage

. make firm

. make rigid, hard, i.e. perverse, obstinate, harden

. . . make strong, strengthen

. make firm, the kingdom

. display strength

. make severe, of battle

. support

. = repair

. prevail

. esp. take or keep hold of, seize, grasp

. . strengthen oneself

. put forth strength, use one's strength

. withstand

. hold strongly with

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2388 chazaq khaw-zak'

a primitive root; to fasten upon; hence, to seize, be strong

(figuratively, courageous, causatively strengthen, cure, help,

repair, fortify), obstinate; to bind, restrain, conquer:--aid,

amend, X calker, catch, cleave, confirm, be constant,

constrain, continue, be of good (take) courage(-ous, -ly),

encourage (self), be established, fasten, force, fortify, make

hard, harden, help, (lay) hold (fast), lean, maintain, play

the man, mend, become (wax) mighty, prevail, be recovered,

repair, retain, seize, be (wax) sore, strengthen (self), be

stout, be (make, shew, wax) strong(-er), be sure, take (hold),

be urgent, behave self valiantly, withstand.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חָזַק (cha.zaq) — to strengthen: strengthen.

: strengthen/support/encourage

1) to strengthen, prevail, harden, be strong, become strong, be courageous, be firm, grow firm, be resolute, be sore

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to be strong, grow strong

1a1a) to prevail, prevail upon

1a1b) to be firm, be caught fast, be secure

1a1c) to press, be urgent

1a1d) to grow stout, grow rigid, grow hard (bad sense)

1a1e) to be severe, be grievous

1a2) to strengthen

1b) (Piel)

1b1) to make strong

1b2) to restore to strength, give strength

1b3) to strengthen, sustain, encourage

1b4) to make strong, make bold, encourage

1b5) to make firm

1b6) to make rigid, make hard

1c) (Hiphil)

1c1) to make strong, strengthen

1c2) to make firm

1c3) to display strength

1c4) to make severe

1c5) to support

1c6) to repair

1c7) to prevail, prevail upon

1c8) to have or take or keep hold of, retain, hold up, sustain, support

1c9) to hold, contain

1d) (Hithpael)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Hiphil-ConsecImperf-3mp — Verb · Hiphil · sequential imperfect third person masculine plural
Hc/Vhw3mp
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

hold: In the American Standard Revised Version frequently "stronghold" (Jud 9:49; 1Sa 22:4; 24:22; 2Sa 5:17; 23:14; 1Ch 11:16; 12:16). See FORTIFICATION. In Re 18:2 for the King James Version "cage" (phulake) the Revised Version (British and American) substitutes, as in first clause, "hold," and in the margin "prison."

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Hold

A fortress, the name given to David’s lurking-places (1 Sam. 22:4, 5; 24:22).

and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
בַשִּׁבְיָ֗הva.shiv.Yah on the group of captives H7633 Preposition · noun common feminine singular absolute
9× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Shibyah refers to a state of captivity or being held prisoner. In the Bible, it describes the Israelites' experience of being exiled and held captive by other nations.
Amplified meaning
prisoners of war, those held in bondage
Tyndale gloss
captive
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שִׁבְיָה (shibyah) refers to captivity or captives, encompassing both the state of being in captivity and the individuals who are captured. It is a feminine noun derived from another Hebrew root, indicating both abstract and concrete concepts of exile and captivity.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שִׁבְיָה n.f. captivity, captives (coll.)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7633 שִׁבְיָה captivity, captives (coll.)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7633 shibyah shib-yaw'

feminine of 7628; exile (abstractly or concretely and

collectively):--captives(-ity).

see HEBREW for 07628

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שִׁבְיָה (shiv.yah) — captive.

1) captivity, captives

1a) (state of) captivity

1b) captives

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-cs — Preposition · noun common feminine singular absolute
HRd/Ncfsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

Taken in war, seem anciently to have been looked upon as justly liable to death, and hence to any treatment less dreadful than death. Their necks were trodden upon, Jos 10:24, in token of abject subjection, which illustrates Ps 110:1. They were sold into servitude, like Joseph. They were mutilated, like Samson, or Adonizedek. They were stripped of all clothing, and driven in crowds to adorn the victor’s triumph. Large numbers of them were selected, often by a measuring line, 2Sa 8:2, and slain, 2Ch 25:12. This was sometimes done with designed cruelty, 2Sa 12:31 1Ch…

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
וְכָֽל־ve.khol and all H3605 Conjunction · noun common masculine singular construct
5,415× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for 'all' or 'everything' is used throughout the Bible, like in Genesis 1:31, where God sees all He has made as very good. It encompasses the entirety of something, whether people, things, or situations.
Tyndale gloss
all
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all

with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

Absolutely:

without the art., all things, all

with the art. הַכֹּל

where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all

. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3605 kol kole

or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;

hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a

plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any

(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as

many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,

whoso(-ever).

see HEBREW for 03634

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כֹּל (kol) — all.

1) all, the whole

1a) all, the whole of

1b) any, each, every, anything

1c) totality, everything

Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-ms — Conjunction · noun common masculine singular construct
HC/Ncmsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ol: Used in various combinations, and with different meanings.

(1) All along, "Weeping all along as he went" (Jer 41:6), i.e. throughout the whole way he went, feigning equal concern with the men from Shiloh, etc., for the destruction of the Temple, so as to put them off their guard.

(2) All in all, "That God may be all in all" (1Co 15:28, Greek: panta en pasin, "all things in all (persons and) things"). "The universe, with all it comprises, will wholly answer to God's will and reflect His mind" (Dummelow).

(3) All one, "It is all one" (Job 9:22), "it makes no difference whether I live or die."

(4) At all, "If thy father miss me at all" (1Sa 20:6), "in any way," "in the least."

The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
מַעֲרֻמֵּיהֶם֮ma.'a.ru.mei.Hem naked people their H4636 Noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
1× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Maarom means being bare or naked, describing a state of being uncovered or exposed, as translated in the KJV.
Amplified meaning
uncovered, bare
Tyndale gloss
naked
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

מַעֲרֹם (ma'arom) refers to a 'naked thing' or 'nakedness,' derived from the root indicating stripping or bareness. It appears in the context of 2 Chronicles 28:15, where it is used in the plural form. The entries consistently emphasize its meaning related to being naked.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[מַעֲרֹם] n.m. naked thing;—pl. abstr. sf. 2 Ch 28:15

ref

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4636 מַעֲרֹם

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4636 ma`arom mah-ar-ome'

from 6191, in the sense of stripping; bare:--naked.

see HEBREW for 06191

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מַעֲרֹם (ma.a.rom) — naked.

naked thing, nakedness

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-mp | Suff — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
HNcmpc/Sp3mp
and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
הִלְבִּ֣ישׁוּhil.Bi.shu they clothed H3847 Verb · Hiphil · perfect third person common plural
110× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To clothe means to wrap something around or put on a garment. In the Bible, it can be used literally or figuratively, as in putting on clothes or being clothed with a certain attitude.
Amplified meaning
garments, attire
Tyndale gloss
to clothe
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word לָבֵשׁ (*labash*) means to put on or wear clothing, and it can refer to both literal and figurative clothing. It is built from a primitive root meaning to wrap around. The entries cover various forms, including Qal, Pual, and Hiphil, indicating different nuances of dressing or being clothed. The word is also noted for its use in a figurative sense, such as being clothed with a spirit.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לָבֵשׁ, לָבַשׁ vb. put on (a garment), wear, clothe, be clothed

Qal

lit. put on (one’s own) garment; = wear (more or less habitually)

very oft. fig., put on, be clothed with

lit. put on

once

clothed with

and the spirit of י׳ clothed itself with Gideon

Pu. arrayed

Hiph. clothe, array with

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3847 לָבֵשׁ, לָבַשׁ put on (a garment), wear, clothe, be clothed

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3847 labash law-bash'

or labesh {law-bashe'}; a primitive root; properly, wrap

around, i.e. (by implication) to put on a garment or clothe

(oneself, or another), literally or figuratively:--(in)

apparel, arm, array (self), clothe (self), come upon, put (on,

upon), wear.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לָבֵשׁ (la.vash) — to clothe.

1) to dress, wear, clothe, put on clothing, be clothed

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to put on clothes, be clothed, wear

1a2) to put on, be clothed with (fig.)

1b) (Pual) to be fully clothed

1c) (Hiphil) to clothe, array with, dress

Aramaic equivalent: le.vash (לְבֵשׁ "to clothe" H3848)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Hiphil-Perf-3cp — Verb · Hiphil · perfect third person common plural
HVhp3cp
and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
מִן־min- from H4480 Preposition
1,189× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means a portion or part of something, and is often used to show the relationship between things, like from or out of something.
Tyndale gloss
from
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word מִן־ (*min*) is a preposition meaning 'from' or 'out of,' indicating separation or origin. It covers various uses, including temporal references, comparisons, and causal relationships. Additionally, it can denote a portion when used as a noun מֵן (*men*). The entries highlight its versatility in expressing different nuances of separation and position.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

מִן־, and מִ, before יְ, prep. expressing the idea of separation, hence out of, from, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not

with verbs expressing (or implying) separation or removal

from, against

מן also, without a verb of similar significance, sometimes expresses the idea of separation, away from, far from

of position, off, on the side of, on

Out of, Gk. ἐκ, Lat. ex

Partitively

Of time—

as marking the terminus a quo, the anterior limit of a continuous period from, since

as marking the period immediately succeeding the limit after

towards, to

(וְעַד) עַד … מִן from … even to

In comparisons, beyond, above

מן is prefixed to an infin.:

with causal force, from, on account of, through

after verbs implying restraint, prevention, cessation, etc.

with a temporal force, since, after

Once as a conj. before a finite verb. that

In compounds:

base

Read the full entry →
Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H4480a מִן־, מִ, prep. expressing the idea of separation, hence out of, from, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not . with verbs expressing (or implying) separation or removal . from, against

. מן also, without a verb of similar significance, sometimes expresses the idea of separation, away from, far from

. of position, off, on the side of, on

. Out of, Gk. ἐκ, Lat. ex

. Partitively

. Of time— . as marking the terminus a quo, the anterior limit of a continuous period from, since

. as marking the period immediately succeeding the limit after

. towards, to

. (וְעַד) עַד … מִן from … even to

. In comparisons, beyond, above

. מן is prefixed to an infin.: . with causal force, from, on account of, through

. after verbs implying restraint, prevention, cessation, etc.

. with a temporal force, since, after

. Once as a conj. before a finite verb. that

Read the full entry →
Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

4480 min min

or minniy {min-nee'}; or minney (constructive plural)

{min-nay'}; (Isaiah 30:11); for 4482; properly, a part of;

hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses (as

follows):--above, after, among, at, because of, by (reason

of), from (among), in, X neither, X nor, (out) of, over,

since, X then, through, X whether, with.

see HEBREW for 04482

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

מִן־ (min) — from.

prep

1) from, out of, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not, more than

1a) from (expressing separation), off, on the side of

1b) out of

1b1) (with verbs of proceeding, removing, expelling)

1b2) (of material from which something is made)

1b3) (of source or origin)

1c) out of, some of, from (partitively)

1d) from, since, after (of time)

1e) than, more than (in comparison)

1f) from...even to, both...and, either...or

1g) than, more than, too much for (in comparisons)

1h) from, on account of, through, because (with infinitive)

conj

2) that

Aramaic equivalent: min (מִן־ "from" H4481)

מֵן (men) — portion.

n.m.

portion

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep — Preposition
HR
and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
הַשָּׁלָל֒ha.sha.Lal the booty H7998 Particle · noun common masculine singular absolute
73× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Shâlâl refers to the spoils of war, or the booty taken from enemies. It is used in the Bible to describe the plunder or prey taken in battle. In the KJV, it is translated as 'prey' or 'spoil'.
Amplified meaning
spoils of war, booty
Tyndale gloss
spoil
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שָׁלָל (shalal) refers to prey, spoil, or plunder, often in the context of war. It is derived from the root word שָׁלַל (H7997). The term encompasses various forms of gain, including private plunder and booty. The entries consistently emphasize its association with spoils of war.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שָׁלָל 75 n.m. prey, spoil, plunder, booty

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7998 שָׁלָל prey, spoil, plunder, booty

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7998 shalal shaw-lawl'

from 7997; booty:--prey, spoil.

see HEBREW for 07997

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שָׁלָל (sha.lal) — spoil.

1) prey, plunder, spoil, booty

1a) prey

1b) booty, spoil, plunder (of war)

1c) plunder (private)

1d) gain (meaning uncertain)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Art | N-ms — Particle · noun common masculine singular absolute
HTd/Ncmsa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

boot'-i (baz and baz): "Booty" is the translation of baz or baz, usually rendered "prey" and "spoil" (Jer 49:32); of malqoach, "prey," "booty" (Nu 31:32, "the booty--the rest of the prey," the Revised Version (British and American) "the prey, over and above the booty," baz); of meshiccah, "spoil" (Hab 2:7; Ze 1:13; the Revised Version (British and American) "spoil"); of opheleia, "gain" (2 Macc 8:20). "Booty respects what is of personal service to the captor; spoils whatever serves to designate his triumph; prey includes whatever gratifies the appetite and is to be consumed" (Crabb, English Synonymes). Persons (for slaves, etc.) might be part of the booty. See also SPOIL.

W. L. Walker

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Booty

Captives or cattle or objects of value taken in war. In Canaan all that breathed were to be destroyed (Deut. 20: 16). The “pictures and images” of the Canaanites were to be destroyed also (Num. 33:52). The law of booty as to its division is laid down in Num. 31:26-47. David afterwards introduced a regulation that the baggage-guard should share the booty equally with the soldiers engaged in battle. He also devoted of the spoils of war for the temple (1 Sam. 30:24-26; 2 Sam. 8:11; 1 Chr. 26:27).

Smith's Bible Dictionary

consisted of captives of both sexes, cattle, and whatever a captured city might contain, especially metallic treasures. Within the limits of Canaan no captives were to be made, (20:14,16) beyond these limits, in case of warlike resistance, all the women and children were to be made captives, and the men put to death. The law of booty is given in (Numbers 31:26-47) As regarded the army, David added a regulation that the baggage guard should share equally with the troops engaged. (1 Samuel 30:24; 25)

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

Spoils taken in war were to be shared equally by those who fought and those who guarded the camp, Nu 31:27-32. The Lord’s portion was first deducted from the whole; and in after-times the king appropriated a large part to himself.

and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
וַיַּלְבִּשׁ֣וּםvai.yal.bi.Shum and they clothed them H3847 Verb hiphil sequential imperfect third person masculine plural · suffix
110× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To clothe means to wrap something around or put on a garment. In the Bible, it can be used literally or figuratively, as in putting on clothes or being clothed with a certain attitude.
Tyndale gloss
to clothe
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word לָבֵשׁ (*labash*) means to put on or wear clothing, and it can refer to both literal and figurative clothing. It is built from a primitive root meaning to wrap around. The entries cover various forms, including Qal, Pual, and Hiphil, indicating different nuances of dressing or being clothed. The word is also noted for its use in a figurative sense, such as being clothed with a spirit.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

לָבֵשׁ, לָבַשׁ vb. put on (a garment), wear, clothe, be clothed

Qal

lit. put on (one’s own) garment; = wear (more or less habitually)

very oft. fig., put on, be clothed with

lit. put on

once

clothed with

and the spirit of י׳ clothed itself with Gideon

Pu. arrayed

Hiph. clothe, array with

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3847 לָבֵשׁ, לָבַשׁ put on (a garment), wear, clothe, be clothed

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3847 labash law-bash'

or labesh {law-bashe'}; a primitive root; properly, wrap

around, i.e. (by implication) to put on a garment or clothe

(oneself, or another), literally or figuratively:--(in)

apparel, arm, array (self), clothe (self), come upon, put (on,

upon), wear.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

לָבֵשׁ (la.vash) — to clothe.

1) to dress, wear, clothe, put on clothing, be clothed

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to put on clothes, be clothed, wear

1a2) to put on, be clothed with (fig.)

1b) (Pual) to be fully clothed

1c) (Hiphil) to clothe, array with, dress

Aramaic equivalent: le.vash (לְבֵשׁ "to clothe" H3848)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Hiphil-ConsecImperf-3mp | Suff — Verb hiphil sequential imperfect third person masculine plural · suffix
Hc/Vhw3mp/Sp3mp
and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
וַ֠יַּנְעִלוּםVai.yan.'i.lum and they shod them H5274 Verb hiphil sequential imperfect third person masculine plural · suffix
8× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the original Hebrew, this verb means to put on shoes or sandals, as seen in Genesis 14:23. It involves fastening something up, like a sandal, and is used in various contexts, including Deuteronomy 29:5.
Amplified meaning
shoes, footwear
Tyndale gloss
to lock
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

נָעַל (na'al) primarily means to lock or bar something, as well as to furnish with sandals. It is derived from a root meaning to fasten up. The verb appears in both Qal and Hiphil forms, indicating actions of locking and providing footwear, respectively. There are no significant disagreements among the lexicons regarding its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

נָעַל vb. bar, bolt, lock

base

[נָעַל] vb. denom. furnish with sandals

Qal and I shod thee with תחשׁ (q.v.).

Hiph. and gave them sandals.

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5274a נָעַל bar, bolt, look H5274b נָעַל vb. denom. furnish with sandals

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5274 na`al naw-al'

a primitive root; properly, to fasten up, i.e. with a bar or

cord; hence (denominative from 5275), to sandal, i.e. furnish

with slippers:--bolt, inclose, lock, shoe, shut up.

see HEBREW for 05275

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נָעַל (na.al) — to lock.

1) to bar, lock, bolt

1a) (Qal) to bar, lock, bolt

נָעַל (na.al) — to shoe.

1) to furnish with sandals, shoe

1a) (Qal) to shoe

1b) (Hiphil) to give sandals

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Hiphil-ConsecImperf-3mp | Suff — Verb hiphil sequential imperfect third person masculine plural · suffix
Hc/Vhw3mp/Sp3mp
and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
וַיַּאֲכִל֨וּםvai.ya.'a.khi.Lum and they fed them H398 Verb hiphil sequential imperfect third person masculine plural · suffix
810× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This word means to eat or devour, and it's used in many stories, including when Jesus fed the 5000 with fish and bread in the book of Matthew. It's about taking in nourishment and being satisfied.
Amplified meaning
nourishment, sustenance
Tyndale gloss
to eat
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אָכַל (akal) means 'to eat' and encompasses a wide range of meanings, including literal consumption by humans and animals, as well as figurative uses like devouring by fire or destruction. It can describe actions such as feeding or causing to eat, and it also appears in contexts of oppression and destruction. The verb has various forms, indicating different subjects and nuances.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אָכַל 806 vb. eat

Qal

eat, human subject

of beasts, birds, etc., eat, devour

fig. of fire, devour, consume

of sword, devour, slay

in genl., devour, consume, destroy

fig. of oppression, devour the poor

Niph.

be eaten by man

be devoured by fire, consumed

be wasted, destroyed, of flesh

Pu. be consumed

Hiph.

cause to eat, feed with

cause to devoure, obj. sword

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H398 אָכַל eat .. eat, human subject

. of beasts, birds, etc., eat, devour

. fig. of fire, devour, consume

. of sword, devour, slay

. in genl., devour, consume, destroy

. fig. of oppression, devour the poor

. . be eaten by man

. be devoured by fire, consumed

. be wasted, destroyed, of flesh

. be consumed

. . cause to eat, feed with

. cause to devoure, obj. sword

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

398 'akal aw-kal'

a primitive root; to eat (literally or figuratively):--X at

all, burn up, consume, devour(-er, up), dine, eat(-er, up),

feed (with), food, X freely, X in...wise(-deed, plenty), (lay)

meat, X quite.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אָכַל (a.khal) — to eat.

1) to eat, devour, burn up, feed

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to eat (human subject)

1a2) to eat, devour (of beasts and birds)

1a3) to devour, consume (of fire)

1a4) to devour, slay (of sword)

1a5) to devour, consume, destroy (inanimate subjects - ie, pestilence, drought)

1a6) to devour (of oppression)

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to be eaten (by men)

1b2) to be devoured, consumed (of fire)

1b3) to be wasted, destroyed (of flesh)

1c) (Pual)

1c1) to cause to eat, feed with

1c2) to cause to devour

1d) (Hiphil)

1d1) to feed

1d2) to cause to eat

1e) (Piel)

1e1) consume

Aramaic equivalent: a.khal (אֲכַל "to devour" H0399)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Hiphil-ConsecImperf-3mp | Suff — Verb hiphil sequential imperfect third person masculine plural · suffix
Hc/Vhw3mp/Sp3mp
and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
וַיַּשְׁק֜וּםvai.yash.Kum and they gave to drink them H8248 Verb hiphil sequential imperfect third person masculine plural · suffix
61× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to give water or a drink to someone or something, often used in stories like Genesis and Exodus. It describes providing sustenance and care, like God giving water to the Israelites in the desert.
Amplified meaning
beverage, refreshment
Tyndale gloss
to water: watering
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word שָׁקָה (sha.qah) is a primitive root meaning to cause to drink or to water. It covers the act of giving drink to both animals and plants, as well as the concept of irrigation. The entries indicate various grammatical forms, including Hiphil, Pual, and Niphal, with no significant disagreement among lexicons.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[שָׁקָה] vb. Hiph. cause to drink water, give to drink

Hiph. water, irrigate, ground

water, give drink to

Pu. the marrow of his bones is watered, (refreshed, invigorated).

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8248 שָׁקָה Hiph. cause to drink water, give to drink

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8248 shaqah shaw-kaw'

a primitive root; to quaff, i.e. (causatively) to irrigate or

furnish a potion to:--cause to (give, give to, let, make to)

drink, drown, moisten, water. See 7937, 8354.

see HEBREW for 07937

see HEBREW for 08354

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שָׁקָה (sha.qah) — to water: watering.

: watering(ANIMALS/PLANTS)

1) to give to drink, irrigate, drink, water, cause to drink water

1a) (Hiphil)

1a1) to water, irrigate

1a2) to water, give drink to

1b) (Pual) to be watered

1c) (Niphal) variant

שָׁקָה (sha.qah) — to water: drink.

: drink(PEOPLE)

1) to give to drink, irrigate, drink, water, cause to drink water

1a) (Hiphil)

1a1) to water, irrigate

1a2) to water, give drink to

1b) (Pual) to be watered

1c) (Niphal) variant

שָׁקָה (sha.qah) — to water: cupbearer.

: cupbearer

1) to give to drink, irrigate, drink, water, cause to drink water

1a) (Hiphil)

1a1) to water, irrigate

1a2) to water, give drink to

1b) (Pual) to be watered

1c) (Niphal) variant

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Hiphil-ConsecImperf-3mp | Suff — Verb hiphil sequential imperfect third person masculine plural · suffix
Hc/Vhw3mp/Sp3mp
and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
וַיְסֻכ֗וּםvay.su.Khum and they anointed them H5480 Verb qal sequential imperfect third person masculine plural · suffix
9× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To anoint means to smear oil over someone or something, often for special purposes. In the Bible, people anointed themselves or others with oil for religious or ceremonial reasons.
Amplified meaning
applied oil to, smeared, injuries, hurts
Tyndale gloss
to anoint
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

סוּךְ (sukh) means to anoint or pour in anointing. It is a primitive root that conveys the action of smearing with oil, often referring to anointing oneself or another. The verb appears in various forms, including Qal and Hiphil, indicating both active and passive uses.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[סוּךְ, סִיךְ] vb. pour in anointing, anoint (NH Aram. סוּךְ anoint);—

Qal anoint, in the toilet, oft. after washing; usu.

refl. anoint oneself

act. anoint another

pass., be poured

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5480 [סוּךְ, סִיךְ] pour in anointing, anoint

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5480 cuwk sook

a primitive root; properly, to smear over (with oil), i.e.

anoint:--anoint (self), X at all.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

סוּךְ (sukh) — to anoint.

1) to anoint, pour in anointing

1a) (Qal) to anoint

1a1) to anoint oneself

1a2) to anoint (another)

1a3) to be poured

1b) (Hiphil) to anoint

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp | Suff — Verb qal sequential imperfect third person masculine plural · suffix
Hc/Vqw3mp/Sp3mp
and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
וַיְנַהֲל֤וּםvay.na.ha.Lum and they led them H5095 Verb piel sequential imperfect third person masculine plural · suffix
10× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To guide or lead someone, like a shepherd leading his flock, as seen in Psalm 23. This verb describes leading with care and protection. It is used to describe God's guidance and care for his people.
Tyndale gloss
to guide
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

נָהַל (nahal) is a Hebrew verb meaning to lead or guide, particularly to a watering place or station where one can rest. It encompasses ideas of refreshing and sustaining, as well as conducting someone gently. The word can also imply a journey by stages. There are no significant disagreements among the lexicons regarding its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

[נָהַל] vb. Pi. lead, guide to a watering-place or station, and cuase to rest there; bring to a station or place of rest; lead, guide; refresh

Pi.

lead to a watering-place (or station), and cause to rest there

lead or bring to a station, a goal

lead, guide

give rest to

refresh with food

Hithp. journey by stations, stages

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5095 נָהַל Pi. lead, guide to a watering-place or station, and cuase to rest there; bring to a station or place of rest; lead, guide; refresh . . lead to a watering-place (or station), and cause to rest there

. lead or bring to a station, a goal

. lead, guide

. give rest to

. refresh with food

. journey by stations, stages

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5095 nahal naw-hal'

a primitive root; properly, to run with a sparkle, i.e. flow;

hence (transitively), to conduct, and (by inference) to

protect, sustain:--carry, feed, guide, lead (gently, on).

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

נָהַל (na.hal) — to guide.

1) to lead, give rest, lead with care, guide to a watering place or station, cause to rest, bring to a station or place of rest, guide, refresh

1a) (Piel)

1a1) to lead to a watering-place or station and cause to rest there

1a2) to lead or bring to a station or goal

1a3) to lead, guide

1a4) to give rest to

1a5) to refresh (with food)

1b) (Hithpael)

1b1) to lead on

1b2) to journey by stations or stages

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Piel-ConsecImperf-3mp | Suff — Verb piel sequential imperfect third person masculine plural · suffix
Hc/Vpw3mp/Sp3mp
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
בַּחֲמֹרִים֙ba.cha.mo.Rim on donkeys H2543 Preposition · noun common both plural absolute
96× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for a male donkey, it is translated as he ass in the KJV Bible. The name comes from the animal's reddish-brown color.
Amplified meaning
asses, beasts of burden
Tyndale gloss
donkey
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

חֲמוֹר (chamor) refers to a male donkey, derived from a root meaning 'to be red' or 'dun.' The term is consistently translated as 'ass' or 'donkey' across various lexicons, indicating its specific reference to this animal in the Old Testament.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

חֲמוֹר n.m. (he)-ass

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H2543 חֲמוֹר (he)-ass

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

2543 chamowr kham-ore'

or (shortened) chamor {kham-ore}; from 2560; a male ass (from

its dun red):--(he)ass.

see HEBREW for 02560

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

חֲמוֹר (cha.mor) — donkey.

(he) ass

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep | N-cp — Preposition · noun common both plural absolute
HR/Ncbpa
and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
לְכָל־le.khol any H3605 Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
5,415× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
The Hebrew word for 'all' or 'everything' is used throughout the Bible, like in Genesis 1:31, where God sees all He has made as very good. It encompasses the entirety of something, whether people, things, or situations.
Tyndale gloss
all
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כֹּל (kol) means 'all' or 'the whole.' It can refer to totality, including every person or thing, and is often used with a following genitive to specify what is included. The term can also denote a broader sense of everything in existence or all circumstances of life. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כֹּל once כּוֹל n.m. the whole, all

with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

Absolutely:

without the art., all things, all

with the art. הַכֹּל

where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3605 כֹּל once כּוֹל the whole, all . with foll. gen. (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, any or every

. Absolutely: . without the art., all things, all

. with the art. הַכֹּל . where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned

. in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe, or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late)

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3605 kol kole

or (Jer. 33:8) kowl {kole}; from 3634; properly, the whole;

hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a

plural sense):--(in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any

(manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as

many as, (no-)thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole,

whoso(-ever).

see HEBREW for 03634

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כֹּל (kol) — all.

1) all, the whole

1a) all, the whole of

1b) any, each, every, anything

1c) totality, everything

Aramaic equivalent: kol (כֹּל "all" H3606)

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HR/Ncmsa — Preposition · noun common masculine singular absolute
HR/Ncmsa
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
כּוֹשֵׁ֔לko.Shel [one who] stumbled H3782 Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine singular
62× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
To stumble means to lose your balance and almost fall, often because of weakness. In the Bible, it can also mean to falter or fail spiritually. This word is used in many books, including Psalms and Proverbs.
Amplified meaning
weak, frail
Tyndale gloss
to stumble
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

כָּשַׁל (kashal) means to stumble or totter, often due to weakness. It can refer to physical stumbling, as well as metaphorical weakness or failure. The verb has various forms, including causing others to stumble or making them weak. The entries suggest a range of meanings from literal stumbling to broader implications of ruin and weakness.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

כָּשַׁל vb. stumble, stagger, totter

Qal

stumble at, over, something (lit. by means of)

totter

Niph.

stumble

be tottering, feeble

Pi. only apparent

Hiph.

cause to stumble

make feeble, weak

Hoph. either and let them be ones who have stumbled before thee, i.e. regard them as such, or and let them be ones overthrown before thee

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3782 כָּשַׁל stumble, stagger, totter .. stumble at, over, something (lit. by means of)

. totter

. . stumble

. be tottering, feeble

. only apparent

. . cause to stumble

. make feeble, weak

. either and let them be ones who have stumbled before thee, i.e. regard them as such, or and let them be ones overthrown before thee

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3782 kashal kaw-shal'

a primitive root; to totter or waver (through weakness of the

legs, especially the ankle); by implication, to falter,

stumble, faint or fall:--bereave (from the margin), cast down,

be decayed, (cause to) fail, (cause, make to) fall

(down, -ing), feeble, be (the) ruin(-ed, of), (be) overthrown,

(cause to) stumble, X utterly, be weak.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

כָּשַׁל (ka.shal) — to stumble.

1) to stumble, stagger, totter

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to stumble

1a2) to totter

1b) (Niphal)

1b1) to stumble

1b2) to be tottering, be feeble

1c) (Hiphil)

1c1) to cause to stumble, bring injury or ruin to, overthrow

1c2) to make feeble, make weak

1d) (Hophal) to be made to stumble

1e) (Piel) bereave

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
V-Qal — Verb · Qal · participle (active) masculine singular
HVqrmsa
and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
וַיְבִיא֛וּםvay.vi.'Um and they brought them H935 Verb hiphil sequential imperfect third person masculine plural · suffix
2,573× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This verb means to go or come, and is used in many contexts, such as entering a place or approaching someone, as seen in the book of Genesis. It can also mean to abide or apply, and is translated in various ways in the KJV Bible. This term is related to the name Lebo Hamath.
Tyndale gloss
Lebo
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

בּוֹא (bo) is a Hebrew verb meaning to come or go in, with a wide range of applications including entering, arriving, and bringing in. It can refer to both physical movement and abstract concepts like events coming to pass. The verb appears in various forms, such as Qal (to come), Hiphil (to cause to come), and Hophal (to be brought). There is no significant disagreement among lexicons regarding its meanings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

בּוֹא 2569 vb. come in, come, go in, go

Qal

come in

come (approach, arrive)

go, i.e. walk, associate with

go from speaker, but with limit of motion given

Hiph.

cause to come in, bring in (conduct, lead, obj. persons and animals)

cause to come, bring, bring near, etc. (animate obj.)

Hoph.

be brought in (of pers. and things)

be brought

be introduced, put

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H935 בּוֹא come in, come, go in, go .. come in

. come (approach, arrive)

. go, i.e. walk, associate with

. go from speaker, but with limit of motion given

. . cause to come in, bring in (conduct, lead, obj. persons and animals)

. cause to come, bring, bring near, etc. (animate obj.)

. . be brought in (of pers. and things)

. be brought

. be introduced, put

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

935 bow' bo

a primitive root; to go or come (in a wide variety of

applications):--abide, apply, attain, X be, befall, +

besiege, bring (forth, in, into, to pass), call, carry, X

certainly, (cause, let, thing for) to come (against, in, out,

upon, to pass), depart, X doubtless again, + eat, + employ,

(cause to) enter (in, into, -tering, -trance, -try), be

fallen, fetch, + follow, get, give, go (down, in, to war),

grant, + have, X indeed, (in-)vade, lead, lift (up), mention,

pull in, put, resort, run (down), send, set, X (well) stricken

(in age), X surely, take (in), way.

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

בּוֹא (bo) — to come (in): come.

: come/go_in

1) to go in, enter, come, go, come in

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to enter, come in

1a2) to come

1a2a) to come with

1a2b) to come upon, fall or light upon, attack (enemy)

1a2c) to come to pass

1a3) to attain to

1a4) to be enumerated

1a5) to go

1b) (Hiphil)

1b1) to lead in

1b2) to carry in

1b3) to bring in, cause to come in, gather, cause to come, bring near, bring against, bring upon

1b4) to bring to pass

1c) (Hophal)

1c1) to be brought, brought in

1c2) to be introduced, be put

לְב֥וֹא (bo) — Lebo-(Hamath).

This name means to go in, enter

Combined with cha.mat (חֲמָת "Hamath" H2574)

בּוֹא (bo) — to come (in): towards.

: towards/entrance

1) to go in, enter, come, go, come in

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to enter, come in

1a2) to come

1a2a) to come with

1a2b) to come upon, fall or light upon, attack (enemy)

1a2c) to come to pass

1a3) to attain to

1a4) to be enumerated

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Hiphil-ConsecImperf-3mp | Suff — Verb hiphil sequential imperfect third person masculine plural · suffix
Hc/Vhw3mp/Sp3mp
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
יְרֵח֥וֹye.re.Cho Jericho H3405 Noun proper
57× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Jericho was a city in Palestine, the first conquered by the Israelites in Canaan. Its name means 'its moon' and it was located near the Jordan River and the Dead Sea.
Amplified meaning
the city of palm trees, a place of refuge
Tyndale gloss
Jericho
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

יְרִיחוֹ (Yriychow) refers to Jericho, a city in Palestine known as 'its moon.' It is located west of the Jordan River and is significant as the first city conquered by the Israelites when entering Canaan. The name may derive from terms meaning 'month' or 'fragrant.' The lexicons agree on its geographical and historical context.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

יְרִיחוֹ, יְרִיחֹה, יְרֵחוֹ 57 n.pr.loc. Jericho

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H3405 יְרִיחוֹ, יְרִיחֹה, יְרֵחוֹ Jericho

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

3405 Yriychow yer-ee-kho'

or Yrechow {yer-ay-kho'}; or variation (1 Kings 16:34)

Yriychoh {yer-ee-kho'}; perhaps from 3394; its month; or else

from 7306; fragrant; Jericho or Jerecho, a place in

Palestine:--Jericho.

see HEBREW for 03394

see HEBREW for 07306

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

יְרִיחוֹ (ye.ri.cho) — Jericho.

Jericho = "its moon"

a city 5 miles (8 km) west of the Jordan and 7 miles (11.5 km) north of the Dead Sea and the first city conquered by the Israelites upon entering the promised land of Canaan

Also named: Hierichō (Ἱεριχώ "Jericho" G2410)

יְרִיחוֹ (ye.ri.cho) — (Plain of) Jericho.

Combined with kik.kar (כִּכָּר "Plain" H3603)

§ Jericho = "its moon"

a city 5 miles (8 km) west of the Jordan and 7 miles (11.5 km) north of the Dead Sea and the first city conquered by the Israelites upon entering the promised land of Canaan

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper
HNpl
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

jer'-i-ko (the word occurs in two forms. In the Pentateuch, in 2Ki 25:5 and in Ezra, Nehemiah, Chronicles it is written yerecho; yericho, elsewhere): In 1Ki 16:34 the final Hebrew letter is he (h), instead of waw (w). The termination waw (w) thought to preserve the peculiarities of the old Canaanite. dialect. In the Septuagint we have the indeclinable form, Iericho (Swete has the form Iereicho as well), both with and without the feminine article; in the New Testament Iereicho, once with the feminine article The Arabic is er-Riha. According to De 32:49 it stood opposite Nebo, while in 34:3 it is called a city grove of palm trees. It was surrounded with a wall (Jos 2:15)…

Easton's Bible Dictionary

Jericho

Place of fragrance, a fenced city in the midst of a vast grove of palm trees, in the plain of Jordan, over against the place where that river was crossed by the Israelites (Josh. 3:16). Its site was near the ‘Ain es-Sultan, Elisha’s Fountain (2 Kings 2:19-22), about 5 miles west of Jordan. It was the most important city in the Jordan valley (Num. 22:1; 34:15), and the strongest fortress in all the land of Canaan. It was the key to Western Palestine.

This city was taken in a very remarkable manner by the Israelites (Josh. 6). God gave it into their hands. The city was “accursed” (Heb. herem, “devoted” to Jehovah), and accordingly (Josh. 6:17; comp.

(place of fragrance), a city of high antiquity, situated in a plain traversed by the Jordan, and exactly over against where that river was crossed by the Israelites under Joshua. (Joshua 3:16) It was five miles west of the Jordan and seven miles northwest of the Dead Sea. It had a king. Its walls were so considerable that houses were built upon them. ch. (Joshua 2:15) The spoil that was found in it betokened its affluence. Jericho is first mentioned as the city to which the two spies were sent by Joshua from Shittim. (Joshua 2:1-21) It was bestowed by him upon the tribe of Benjamin, ch. (Joshua 18:21) and from this time a long interval elapses before Jericho appears again…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

A city of Benjamin, Jos 16:7 18:21, about eighteen miles east north east of Jerusalem, and seven miles from the Jordan. It was the first city in Canaan taken by Joshua, who being miraculously aided by the downfall of its walls, totally destroyed it, sparing only Rahab and her household, and pronounced a curse upon the person who should ever rebuild it, which was more than five hundred years afterwards fulfilled on Hiel, Jos 6:26 1Ki 16:34. Meanwhile a new Jericho had been built on some neighboring site, Jud 3:3 2Sa 10:5. Jericho was also called the "city of palm-trees," De…

and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
עִיר־'ir- [the] city of H5899 Noun common · feminine singular construct
8× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עִיר הַתְּמָרִים (city of palms) = יְרִיחוֹ q.v.

done

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5899 יְרִיחוֹ, יְרִיחֹה, יְרֵחוֹ

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5899 `Iyr hat-Tmariym eer hat-tem-aw-reem'

from 5892 and the plural of 8558 with the article

interpolated; city of the palmtrees; Ir-hat-Temarim, a place

in Palestine:--the city of palmtrees.

see HEBREW for 05892

see HEBREW for 08558

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עִיר הַתְּמָרִים (ir hat.t.ma.rim) — Ir-hatmarim.

Ir-hatmarim = "the city of palmtrees"

another name for 'Jericho'

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HNcfsc — Noun common · feminine singular construct
HNcfsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

ov:

(1) In Anglo-Saxon, had the meaning "from," "away from" (as the strengthened form "off" has still), and was not used for genitive or possessive relations, these being expressed by special case-forms. In the Norman period, however, "of" was taken to represent the French de (a use well developed by the time of Chaucer), and in the Elizabethan period both senses of "of" were in common use. But after about 1600 the later force of the word became predominant, and in the earlier sense (which is now practically obsolete) it was replaced by other prepositions. In consequence the King James Version (and in some cases the Revised Version (British and American)) contains many uses of "of" that are no longer familiar--most of them, to be sure, causing no difficulty, but there still being a few responsible for real obscurities.

English usagewhat the translators’ English meant
Webster's Dictionary (1828), Webster's Unabridged (1913), Webster's Dictionary (1806)

OF, preposition ov. [Gr.]

1. From or out of; proceeding from, as the cause, source, means, author or agent bestowing.

I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered to you. 1 Corinthians 11:1.

For it was of the Lord to harden their hearts. Joshua 11:1.

It is of the Lord's mercies that we are not consumed.

Lamentations 3:1.

The whole disposing thereof is of the Lord. Proverbs 16:1.

Go, inquire of the Lord for me. 2 Chronicles 34:2.

That holy thing that shall be born of thee. Luke 1:1.

Hence of is the sign of the genitive case, the case that denotes production; as the son of man, the son proceeding from man, produced from man. This is the primary sense, although we now say, produced by man. 'Part of these were slain; ' that is, a number separate, for part denotes a division; the sense then is, a number from or out of the whole were slain. So also, 'some of these were slain; ' that is…

and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
הַתְּמָרִ֖יםha.te.ma.Rim the palm trees H5899 Particle · noun common masculine plural absolute
8× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

עִיר הַתְּמָרִים (city of palms) = יְרִיחוֹ q.v.

done

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H5899 יְרִיחוֹ, יְרִיחֹה, יְרֵחוֹ

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

5899 `Iyr hat-Tmariym eer hat-tem-aw-reem'

from 5892 and the plural of 8558 with the article

interpolated; city of the palmtrees; Ir-hat-Temarim, a place

in Palestine:--the city of palmtrees.

see HEBREW for 05892

see HEBREW for 08558

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

עִיר הַתְּמָרִים (ir hat.t.ma.rim) — Ir-hatmarim.

Ir-hatmarim = "the city of palmtrees"

another name for 'Jericho'

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
HTd/Ncmpa — Particle · noun common masculine plural absolute
HTd/Ncmpa
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

Were frequently used as types of kings, or men of wealth and power, Ps 37:35 Isa 2:13 Da 4:10-26 Zec 11:1,2. The "tree of knowledge of good and evil" bore the forbidden fruit, by eating of which Adam fatally increased his knowledge—of good by its loss, of sin and woe by actual experience, Ge 2:9,17. The "tree of life" may have been both an assurance and a means of imparting life, a seal of eternal holiness and bliss, if man had not sinned. Compare Re 22:2.

Torrey's New Topical Textbook

- Originally created by God

Ge 1:11,12; 2:9

- Made for the glory of God

Ps 148:9

- DIFFERENT KINDS OF MENTIONED

. Of the wood

So 2:3

. Of the forest

Isa 10:19

. Bearing fruit

Ne 9:25; Ec 2:5; Eze 47:12

. Evergreen

Ps 37:35; Jer 17:2

. Deciduous or casting the leaves

Isa 6:13

- Of various sizes

Eze 17:24

Thompson Chain Reference topics

(1) Laws Concerning

Le 19:23; 27:30; De 16:21; 20:19

(2) Evil, Sinners Compared to

Ps 37:35; Mt 7:18; Lu 3:9; Jude 12

(3) Saints as

Nu 24:6; Ps 1:3; 52:8; 92:12; Isa 61:3; Jer 17:8; Eze 47:7; Ho 14:6

(4) Varieties Mentioned

Almond

and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
אֵ֣צֶל'E.tzel beside H681 Noun common · both singular construct
61× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Beside or near, this preposition indicates proximity or closeness to something or someone. It is often translated as at, by, or near in the King James Version, and is used to describe physical or spatial relationships in the Bible.
Tyndale gloss
beside
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אֵ֫צֶל ('etsel) is a conjunction that denotes proximity or nearness. It can mean 'beside,' 'by,' or 'near,' and is derived from a root that implies joining. The entries indicate its use in contexts relating to physical closeness or adjacency, but do not provide specific verse references.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אֵ֫צֶל 81 subst. conjunction, proximity

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H681 אֵ֫צֶל conjunction, proximity

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

681 'etsel ay'-tsel

from 680 (in the sense of joining); a side; (as a

preposition) near:--at, (hard) by, (from) (beside), near

(unto), toward, with. See also 1018.

see HEBREW for 0680

see HEBREW for 01018

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אֵ֫צֶל (e.tsel) — beside.

1) beside, by, near, nearness, joining, proximity

subst

2) (BDB)

2a) conjunction, proximity

2b) beside, in proximity, contiguous to, from beside

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Prep — Noun common · both singular construct
HNcbsc
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

be-sid': Near to, or close to (Ps 23:2). It is often used to refer to the mental state, to the derangement of the mind (existemi, Mr 3:21; Ac 26:24 the King James Version). Or it may refer to the condition of being out of the ordinary course of the life. A life consecrated to God and spent in the interest of humanity is so designated (2Co 5:13). It has the sense also of a state of being out of one's usual mind, but not of mental derangement, occasioned by something that causes amazement or ast onishment (Mr 5:42). Or it may refer to a state in which one is not conscious of present conditions, but is rapt in vision (

and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
אֲחֵיהֶ֑ם'a.chei.Hem relatives their H251 Noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
630× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
In the Bible, this Hebrew word means a brother or male sibling, but it can also refer to a close relative, friend, or someone with a similar relationship. It is used to describe the bond between brothers, like the relationship between Cain and Abel in Genesis.
Amplified meaning
kinsmen, fellow Israelites
Tyndale gloss
brother: male-sibling
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

אָח (ach) means 'brother' and encompasses a broad range of relationships, including literal siblings, half-brothers, and metaphorical kinship. It can refer to any male relative or compatriot, and it may also imply resemblance or reciprocal relationships. The term is used in various contexts throughout the Old Testament, highlighting both familial and figurative connections.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

אָח 630 n.m. brother

brother, born of same mother (& father)

indef. = relative

fig. of resemblance

in phr. one … another

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H251 אָח brother

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

251 'ach awkh

a primitive word; a brother (used in the widest sense of

literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance

(like 1)):--another, brother(-ly); kindred, like, other.

Compare also the proper names beginning with "Ah-" or "Ahi-".

see HEBREW for 01

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

אָח (ach) — brother: male-sibling.

: male-sibling

1) brother

1a) brother of same parents

1b) half-brother (same father)

1c) relative, kinship, same tribe

1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)

1e) (fig.) of resemblance

אָח (ach) — brother: male-relative.

: male-relative

1) brother

1a) brother of same parents

1b) half-brother (same father)

1c) relative, kinship, same tribe

1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)

1e) (fig.) of resemblance

אָח (ach) — brother: compatriot.

: compatriot

1) brother

1a) brother of same parents

1b) half-brother (same father)

1c) relative, kinship, same tribe

1d) each to the other (reciprocal relationship)

1e) (fig.) of resemblance

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-mp | Suff — Noun common masculine plural construct · suffix
HNcmpc/Sp3mp
and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
וַיָּשׁ֖וּבוּvai.ya.Shu.vu and they returned H7725 Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person masculine plural
1,057× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
This Hebrew word means to return or turn back, and can be used literally or figuratively. It is often used to describe someone returning to God or repenting from sin, as seen in the book of Psalms and the prophets.
Amplified meaning
turned back, went back
Tyndale gloss
to return: return
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

The Hebrew word שׁוּב (shuwb) means to turn back or return, covering a wide range of contexts including physical, spiritual, and relational. It can denote returning to a previous state, repenting, or even apostatizing. The entries describe various forms and uses, including bringing back, restoring, and refreshing. Notably, it can also imply a change in course of action.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שׁוּב 1056 vb. turn back, return

Qal 683;—turn back, return:

turn back

return, come or go back

esp. return unto

of dying

of revival from death

fig. of human relations:

return to leader, king

= change so as to appoach (in purpose, desire)

turn, i.e. resort to

return to a physical condition

abs. = change course of action

fig., specif. of spiritual relations:

turn back from God = apostatize

of י׳, turn away

turn back to God (= seek penitently)

abs. repent

turn back from evil

of י׳

of י׳, return (to shew favour)

of inanimate things (sts. personified, or treated as things of life):

denoting repetition, etc.

trans.

Pō‛l.

bring back

fig. restore, refresh

restore, repair

lead away (enticingly)

shew turning = apostatize

Hiph. 353 cause to return, bring back

bring back into bondage

put back

= draw back

= give back, restore

= relinguish

= give in payment, requital

bring one back (from dead)

bring back heart

= refresh

Read the full entry →
Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H7725 שׁוּב turn back, return .—turn back, return: . turn back

. return, come or go back

. esp. return unto

. . of dying

. of revival from death

. fig. of human relations: . return to leader, king

. = change so as to appoach (in purpose, desire)

. turn, i.e. resort to

. return to a physical condition

. abs. = change course of action

. fig., specif. of spiritual relations: . turn back from God = apostatize

. of י׳, turn away

. turn back to God (= seek penitently)

. abs. repent

. turn back from evil

. of י׳

. of י׳, return (to shew favour)

. of inanimate things (sts. personified, or treated as things of life):

. denoting repetition, etc.

. trans.

. . bring back

. . fig. restore, refresh

. restore, repair

. lead away (enticingly)

. shew turning = apostatize

. cause to return, bring back . . bring back into bondage

. put back

. = draw back

. = give back, restore

. = relinguish

. = give in payment, requital

Read the full entry →
Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

7725 shuwb shoob

a primitive root; to turn back (hence, away) transitively or

intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily

with the idea of return to the starting point); generally to

retreat; often adverbial, again:--((break, build, circumcise,

dig, do anything, do evil, feed, lay down, lie down, lodge,

make, rejoice, send, take, weep)) X again, (cause to) answer

(+ again), X in any case (wise), X at all, averse, bring

(again, back, home again), call (to mind), carry again (back),

cease, X certainly, come again (back), X consider, +

continually, convert, deliver (again), + deny, draw back,

fetch home again, X fro, get (oneself) (back) again, X give

(again), go again (back, home), (go) out, hinder, let, (see)

more, X needs, be past, X pay, pervert, pull in again, put

(again, up again), recall, recompense, recover, refresh,

relieve, render (again), requite, rescue, restore, retrieve,

Read the full entry →
Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שׁוּב (shuv) — to return: return.

: return

1) to return, turn back

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to turn back, return

1a1a) to turn back

1a1b) to return, come or go back

1a1c) to return unto, go back, come back

1a1d) of dying

1a1e) of human relations (fig)

1a1f) of spiritual relations (fig)

1a1f1) to turn back (from God), apostatise

1a1f2) to turn away (of God)

1a1f3) to turn back (to God), repent

1a1f4) turn back (from evil)

1a1g) of inanimate things

1a1h) in repetition

1b) (Polel)

1b1) to bring back

1b2) to restore, refresh, repair (fig)

1b3) to lead away (enticingly)

1b4) to show turning, apostatise

1c) (Pual) restored (participle)

1d) (Hiphil) to cause to return, bring back

1d1) to bring back, allow to return, put back, draw back, give back, restore, relinquish, give in payment

1d2) to bring back, refresh, restore

1d3) to bring back, report to, answer

1d4) to bring back, make requital, pay (as recompense)

Read the full entry →
Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
Conj | V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp — Verb · Qal · sequential imperfect third person masculine plural
Hc/Vqw3mp
The company it keepswords that stand beside it more often than chance
and they arose the men who they had been designated by names and they took hold on the group of captives and all naked people their they clothed from the booty and they clothed them and they shod them and they fed them and they gave to drink them and they anointed them and they led them on donkeys any [one who] stumbled and they brought them Jericho [the] city of the palm trees beside relatives their and they returned Samaria
שֹׁמְרֽוֹן׃ פsho.me.Ron Samaria H8111 Noun proper
109× in the OT scale is logarithmic — the commonest word, אֵת, appears about 11,000×
In plain English
Meaning
Samaria means watch mountain, a region in northern Palestine and the capital city of the northern kingdom of Israel, located near Jerusalem. It was the kingdom of the 10 tribes of Israel after Solomon's death.
Amplified meaning
the capital city, a place of watchfulness
Tyndale gloss
Samaria
Hebrew lexiconskeyed to Strong's numbers
Layman’s summary of all Lexicon entries.generated

שִׁמְרוֹן (Shomrown) refers to Samaria, the capital of the northern kingdom of Israel established during Omri's reign. The name is derived from a root meaning 'watch-station' or 'watch mountain.' It denotes both the city and the surrounding region, which played a significant role in the history of Israel after the kingdom split.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon (full)

שִׁמְרוֹן 109 n.pr.loc. capital of N. Isr. from Omri's time

base

Brown-Driver-Briggs glosses

H8111 שִׁמְרוֹן capital of N. Isr. from Omri's time

Strong's Hebrew Dictionary

8111 Shomrown sho-mer-one'

from the active participle of 8104; watch-station; Shomeron,

a place in Palestine:--Samaria.

see HEBREW for 08104

Translators Brief Hebrew Lexicon

שֹׁמְרוֹן (sho.me.ron) — Samaria.

§ Samaria = "watch mountain"

1) the region of northern Palestine associated with the northern kingdom of the 10 tribes of Israel which split from the kingdom after the death of Solomon during the reign of his son Rehoboam and were ruled by Jeroboam

2) the capital city of the northern kingdom of Israel located 30 miles (50 km) north of Jerusalem and 6 miles (10 km) northwest of Shechem

Morphologythe parsing behind the code
Berean parsing
N-proper — Noun proper
HNpl
Bible dictionarieson the English sense
Easton's Bible Dictionary

Samaria

A watch-mountain or a watch-tower. In the heart of the mountains of Israel, a few miles north-west of Shechem, stands the “hill of Shomeron,” a solitary mountain, a great “mamelon.” It is an oblong hill, with steep but not inaccessible sides, and a long flat top. Omri, the king of Israel, purchased this hill from Shemer its owner for two talents of silver, and built on its broad summit the city to which he gave the name of “Shomeron”, i.e., Samaria, as the new capital of his kingdom instead of Tirzah (1 Kings 16:24). As such it possessed many advantages. Here Omri resided during the last six years of his reign. As the result of an unsuccessful war with Syria, he appears to have been obliged to grant to the Syrians the right to “make streets in Samaria”, i.e., probably permission to the Syrian merchants to carry on their trade…

Smith's Bible Dictionary

(watch mountain). This city is situated 30 miles north of Jerusalem and about six miles to the northwest of Shechem, in a wide basin-shaped valley, six miles in diameter, encircled with high hills, almost on the edge of the great plain which borders upon the Mediterranean. In the centre of this basin, which is on a lower level than the valley of Shechem, rises a less elevated hill, with steep yet accessible sides and a long fiat top. This hill was chosen by Omri as the site of the capital of the kingdom of Israel. He "bought the hill of Samaria of Shemer for two talents of silver, and built on the hill, and called the name of the city which he built, after the name of the owner of the hill, Samaria." (1 Kings 16:23,24) From the that of Omri’s purchase, B.C. 925, Samaria retained its dignity as the capital of the ten tribes, and the…

American Tract Society Bible Dictionary

1. One of the three divisions of the Holy Land in the time of our Savior, having Galilee on the north and Judea on the south, the Jordan on the east and the Mediterranean on the west, and occupying parts of the territory assigned at first to Ephraim, Mahasseh, and Issachar, Lu 17:11 Joh 4:4. It is described as having its hills less bare than those of Judea, and its valleys and plains more cultivated and fruitful. See CANAAN. Many gospel churches were early planted here, Ac 8:1,25 9:31 15:3.

2. A city situated near the middle of Palestine, some six miles northwest of Shechem. It was built by Omri king of Israel, about 920 B. C., and named after Shemer the previous owner of the mountain or hill on which the city stood, 1Ki…

Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary

watch-mountain

Sources on this page. Lexicons and dictionaries imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate Liddell-Scott-Jones, Robinson and Packard, Webster and Cawdrey. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (Harper, 1889 — Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti, translated, revised and enlarged by Joseph Henry Thayer) is public domain and is set here from the Internet Archive page scan greekenglishlex00grim; it is uncorrected OCR, marked as such on the entry itself, and the Strong’s numbers — which Thayer’s own edition does not carry — were matched by lemma against the other modules on this page. Trench’s Synonyms of the New Testament (Macmillan, 1880) and Moulton and Milligan’s Vocabulary of the Greek Testament (Hodder & Stoughton, 1930, which entered the United States public domain on 1 January 2026) are set from Internet Archive page scans synonymsofnewtes00treniala and vocabularyofgree00mouluoft, and are likewise uncorrected OCR matched to Strong’s numbers by lemma. Trench treats a group of words at once, so the same essay stands on the page of each word it compares. The Mounce Concise Greek-English Dictionary is © 1993 and is used here by permission for non-commercial use, www.teknia.com/greek-dictionary. The full Liddell-Scott-Jones and the Hebrew word data (TAHOT) come from STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0. Brown-Driver-Briggs is the OpenScriptures digitisation, public domain. Syntax analysis is the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (biblicalhumanities.org); the concordance and morphology are built from the tagged Nestle 1904 text. Septuagint occurrences use the Open Scriptures Septuagint lemma index, derived from CCAT (University of Pennsylvania) and the Rahlfs 1935 dataset by Eliran Wong, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — used here on a non-commercial ministry site. Greek of Josephus and Barnabas from the Perseus Digital Library, CC BY-SA 4.0. Commentaries and the Ante-Nicene Fathers are public-domain texts hosted on this site. Everyday Greek from the Duke Databank of Documentary Papyri, CC BY 3.0, with dates and provenance from the Heidelberger Gesamtverzeichnis. Philo and the Apostolic Fathers from Open Greek and Latin (First1KGreek), CC BY-SA 4.0. The apparatus and the fifth Greek column are the SBL Greek New Testament, © 2010 SBL and Logos Bible Software, CC BY 4.0. The Latin is the Clementine Vulgate (public domain); the Syriac New Testament is the ETCBC edition (MIT licence). The Hebrew behind the Greek is computed here from the Septuagint index and TAHOT, not taken from any aligned edition. The translation spread and the per-word edition marks come from the Translators Amalgamated Greek NT (STEPBible, CC BY 4.0); clause roles from the Nestle 1904 Lowfat treebank (CC BY-SA 4.0); place identifications and their confidence from OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding (CC BY 4.0), with map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Gospel parallels are computed here from shared uncommon vocabulary, not taken from any printed harmony. Cross references are the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge and the subject headings are Nave’s Topical Bible, both public domain. Works under Creative Commons licences are used unchanged apart from markup removal.

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