Hebrews 10:32 — Word Study
N1904Ἀναμιμνῄσκεσθε δὲ τὰς πρότερον ἡμέρας, ἐν αἷς φωτισθέντες πολλὴν ἄθλησιν ὑπεμείνατε παθημάτων,
BSAdo rememberanamimnēskō▸ [call to mind, think about] howeverde theho formerproteron dayshēmera [former times, previously] inen whichhos, hē [previously, in the past] having been enlightenedphōtizō▸ [enlightened, illuminated by God] a greatpolus conflictathlēsis△ [struggle, fight] you enduredhupomenō▸ [remained, stood firm] of sufferings,pathēma [afflictions, hardships, a condition of pain or adversity]
| Greek | English | Parsing |
|---|---|---|
| Ἀναμιμνῄσκεσθε | do remember | Verb, present, middle |
| δὲ | however | Conjunction |
| τὰς | the | Article, accusative, plural |
| πρότερον | former | Adverb, comparative |
| ἡμέρας, | days | Noun, accusative, plural |
| ἐν | in | Preposition |
| αἷς | which | Relative pronoun, dative, plural |
| φωτισθέντες | having been enlightened | Verb, aorist, passive |
| πολλὴν | a great | Adjective, accusative, singular |
| ἄθλησιν | conflict | Noun, accusative, singular |
| ὑπεμείνατε | you endured | Verb, aorist, active |
| παθημάτων, | of sufferings, | Noun, genitive, plural |
Every word in the verse. Click a row to open it in the panel on the left.
| BSB | Remember the early days that you were in the light. In those days, you endured a great conflict in the face of suffering. |
| KJV | But call to remembrance the former days, in which, after ye were illuminated, ye endured a great fight of afflictions; |
| ASV | But call to remembrance the former days, in which, after ye were enlightened, ye endured a great conflict of sufferings; |
| YLT | And call to your remembrance the former days, in which, having been enlightened, ye did endure much conflict of sufferings, |
| WEB | But remember the former days, in which, after you were enlightened, you endured a great struggle with sufferings: |
| BBE | But give thought to the days after you had seen the light, when you went through a great war of troubles; |
Where they part company is φωτισθέντες — see How Translations Differ.
The sentence consists of a main clause followed by an adverbial clause that provides context for the action.
8 commentators on this verse
Gill, Jamieson, Poole, Trapp & more — read them ›
clause
subjectφωτίζω
verbἀναμιμνῄσκω
The sentence as the grammar sees it Open the tree ›
1 of 12 occurs nowhere else in the New Testament — a word chosen on purpose.
Bars are logarithmic — ὁ, the commonest word in the Greek New Testament, stands 19,867 times, so a linear scale would leave everything else invisible. Click a row to open that word.
Deep Study — Hebrews 10:32
Sections marked generated are written from the data on this page rather than by a named author. Everything else — the lexicon entries, the cross references, the manuscript readings, the counts — is quoted from its source unchanged.
Context — A Call to Remembergenerated
Hebrews 10:32 encourages believers to recall their earlier experiences of faith when they were enlightened and faced significant challenges. This remembrance serves as a source of strength and motivation to persevere in the face of current trials. The surrounding verses highlight the importance of community support and the shared experiences of suffering among believers, emphasizing the need to stand firm in faith.
Cross References
| Reference | Text (BSB) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Galatians 3:3–4 | Are you so foolish? After starting in the Spirit, are you now finishing in the flesh? |
| 2 | Philippians 3:16 | Nevertheless, we must live up to what we have already attained. |
| 3 | 2 John 1:8 | Watch yourselves, so that you do not lose what we have worked for, but that you may be fully rewarded. |
| 4 | Revelation 2:5 | Therefore, keep in mind how far you have fallen. Repent and perform the deeds you did at first. But if you do not repent, I will come to you and remove your lampstand from its place. |
| 5 | Revelation 3:3 | Remember, then, what you have received and heard. Keep it and repent. If you do not wake up, I will come like a thief, and you will not know the hour when I will come upon you. |
The Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — 15 references, hung on the phrase they belong to
The Key Word — Ἀναμιμνῄσκεσθε, anamimnēskōgenerated
The verb ἀναμιμνῄσκω means to remember or call to mind. It is a present middle imperative form, indicating an ongoing action directed at the readers, urging them to actively recall their past experiences.
This word is built from the prefix ἀνα- (again) and the root μιμνήσκω (to remind). It highlights the act of bringing memories back to consciousness, particularly significant moments of faith and endurance.
How Translations Differ — measured against the Berean Standard Biblegenerated
In the Berean Standard Bible, the wording is straightforward: Remember the early days that you were in the light. Other translations like the KJV and ASV use call to remembrance the former days, which emphasizes a reflective action.
Notably, the translations diverge on specific phrases. The term φωτισθέντες is rendered as enlightened in the ASV and illuminated in the KJV, while ἄθλησιν appears as conflict in the BSB and fight in the KJV. Such variations reflect different nuances in understanding the original Greek.
Sentence Structuregenerated
The main verb of the verse is Ἀναμιμνῄσκεσθε, do remember, which governs the entire statement. It is followed by a noun phrase that identifies what is to be remembered — τὰς ἡμέρας πρότερον, the early days — and an adverbial clause that describes the condition during those days.
The structure emphasizes the act of remembering as a call to action, with the participial phrase φωτισθέντες, having been enlightened, providing context for the readers' past experiences.
Septuagint Backgroundgenerated
ἀναμιμνῄσκω has a connection to the Hebrew word זָכַר (H2142), meaning 'to remember'. This word appears in the Septuagint, emphasizing the importance of memory in the context of faith and obedience.
The concept of remembrance is significant in the Old Testament, where it often relates to God's actions and covenant with His people, reinforcing the theme of faithfulness in the face of trials.
In plain words — the whole versegenerated
Hebrews 10:32 encourages believers to remember their early days when they were enlightened and faced struggles. This remembrance serves as a reminder of their strength and endurance through difficult times.
Frequently Asked Questionsgenerated
Being 'enlightened' refers to receiving understanding or insight from God, often associated with the moment of faith when one comes to know Christ.
Remembering past struggles can provide encouragement and strength to face current challenges, reminding believers of God's faithfulness and their own resilience.
This verse emphasizes perseverance in faith amidst suffering, a central theme in Hebrews, encouraging believers to remain steadfast in their commitment to Christ.
Early Christians faced persecution, social ostracism, and various hardships as they followed Christ, which tested their faith and commitment.
Reflection Questionsgenerated
- How can reflecting on my past experiences of faith help me in my current struggles?
- What does it mean for me to endure conflict in my own life?
- In what ways can I support others who are facing hardships in their faith journey?
- How does remembering God's past faithfulness encourage me to trust Him today?
The early church on this verse — how the Fathers read it
Early church Fathers comment on this verse, emphasizing the importance of remembering past faith experiences and the encouragement it brings.
Is the Spirit of truth, the Paraclete, of whom the illuminatedEarly Church Fathers on Hebrews 10 →
The best Physicians after they have made a deep incision, and have increased the pains by the wound, soothing the afflicted part, and giving rest and refreshment to the disturbed soul, proceed not to make a second incision,Early Church Fathers on Hebrews 10 →
“Remember the earlier days.” Behold, he speaks to them more plainly, urging them not to lose patience. He says, therefore: Do not imitate others, but imitate yourselves.Early Church Fathers on Hebrews 10 →
Commentators on this verse — 8 expositors, verse by verse
Each of these wrote on Hebrews 10:32 itself, not merely on the chapter around it.
John Gill1697–1771Gill's Exposition of the Entire BibleBut call to remembrance the former days,.... The words may be considered either as a declaration of what they had done, and be read, "but ye do call to remembrance", c.
Read John Gill on Hebrews 10 →Robert Jamieson1802–1880Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's CommentaryBut call to remembrance the former days, in which, after ye were illuminated, ye endured a great fight of afflictions; As previously he warned them by the awful end of apostates, so here he stirs
Read Robert Jamieson on Hebrews 10 →Matthew Poole1624–1679Matthew Poole's Commentary on the Holy BibleBut call to remembrance the former days: But is not so much adversative as copulative, adding another direction for their persevering in Christianity, even the revolving in their minds, and bringing again to thought, what was past, carrying in it both the act and the end of it. It is a practical remembrance which bettereth them, while recollecting their own days, and the time that was past. In which, after ye were illuminated; in which they were convinced of the truth of the gospel, and received it in the love of it, and externally professed it, by being baptized into Christ, and by it made members of his church, , and testified the truth of their being Christ’ s. Ye endured a great fight…
Read Matthew Poole on Hebrews 10 →John Trapp1601–1669Trapp's Complete Commentary on the Old and New Testaments32 But call to remembrance the former days, in which, after ye were illuminated, ye endured a great fight of afflictions; Ver. 32. But call to remembrance] q.d. You cannot utterly fall away, as those above mentioned; forasmuch as you have given good proof already of the reality of your graces. After ye were illuminated] Till they had a sight of heaven they could not suffer; but no sooner out of the water of baptism, but they were presently in the fire of persecution.
Read John Trapp on Hebrews 10 →Charles John Ellicott1819–1905Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers(32) In the last six verses the writer has enforced his exhortation by an appeal to the danger of falling away and the fearful consequences of unfaithfulness. From warning he now turns to encouragement, as in Hebrews 6; and here, as there, he thankfully recalls the earlier proofs which his readers had given of their Christian constancy and love. Let them call to mind and ever keep in remembrance what the grace of God had already enabled them to endure. (Comp. 2 John 1:8). As Theophylact has said, he bids them imitate, not others, but themselves. Illuminated.—Better, enlightened. It is important to keep the word used in the parallel verse, Hebrews 6:4 (see Note). Fight of…
Read Charles John Ellicott on Hebrews 10 →AdamClarkeAdam Clarke's Commentary on the BibleVerse 32. But call to remembrance] It appears from this, and indeed from some parts of the Gospel history, that the first believers in Judea were greatly persecuted; our Lord's crucifixion, Stephen's martyrdom, the persecution that arose after the death of Stephen, Acts 8:1, Herod's persecution, Acts 12:1, in which James was killed, and the various persecutions of St. Paul, sufficiently show that this disposition was predominant among that bad people. A great fight of afflictions] Πολληναθλησινπαθηματων· A great combat or contention of sufferings. Here we have an allusion to the combats at the Grecian games, or to exhibitions of gladiators at the public spectacles; and an intimation how…
Read AdamClarke on Hebrews 10 →CambridgeThe Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges32–39. Words of appeal and encouragement32. But call to remembrance the former days] Rather, “keep in remembrance.” Here, as in Hebrews 6:9-12, he mingles appeal and encouragement with the sternest warnings. The “former days” are those in which they were in the first glow of their conversion.after ye were illuminated] The word photizein “to enlighten” only became a synonym for ‘to baptise’ at a later period. Naturally however in the early converts baptism was synchronous with the reception of the gifts of the Holy Spirit (see Hebrews 6:4). For the metaphor—that “God hath shined in our hearts”—see 2 Corinthians 4:6; 1 Peter 2:9.ye endured a great fight of afflictions] Rather, “much wrestling…
Read Cambridge on Hebrews 10 →Albert Barnes1798–1870Barnes' Notes on the BibleBut call to remembrance the former days - It would seem from this, that at the time when the apostle wrote this Epistle they were suffering some severe trials, in which they were in great danger of
Read Albert Barnes on Hebrews 10 →The verse in English, compared — 16 translations, and where they part company
Every translation on this page is a decision someone had to make and commit to. Read down a column and you see one translator's judgement; read across a row and you see the range the Greek actually allows. The BSB is the wording the rest of this page is measured against, so it is listed first.
Modern formal
Remember the early days that you were in the light. In those days, you endured a great conflict in the face of suffering.
But remember the former days, in which, after you were enlightened, you endured a great struggle with sufferings:
Remember the early days that you were in the light. In those days, you endured a great conflict in the face of suffering.
But remember the former days when you endured a harsh conflict of suffering after you were enlightened.
Tyndale line
But call to remembrance the former days, in which, after ye were illuminated, ye endured a great fight of afflictions;
But call to remembrance the former days, in which, after ye were enlightened, ye endured a great conflict of sufferings;
But call to remembrance the former days, in which, after ye were enlightened, ye endured a great conflict of sufferings;
But call to remembrance the former days, in which, after ye were illuminated, ye endured a great fight of afflictions;
Nowe call to remembrance the dayes that are passed, in the which, after ye had receiued light, ye endured a great fight in afflictions,
Strictly literal
But call to mind the earlier days in which, having been enlightened, ye endured much conflict of sufferings;
And call to your remembrance the former days, in which, having been enlightened, ye did endure much conflict of sufferings,
But call to your remembrance the former days, in which, having been enlightened, you endured much conflict of sufferings;
But remember the former days, after you were enlightened, how you endured a great struggle in suffering.
From the Latin
But call to mind the former days, wherein, being illuminated, you endured a great fight of afflictions.
Simplified
Just remember the past when, after you understood the truth, you experienced a great deal of suffering.
But give thought to the days after you had seen the light, when you went through a great war of troubles;
Word by word, the decisions they made
Counted from the translations carried on this site, not from a survey of every English Bible. A rendering shared by many versions is usually inherited rather than independently arrived at — the Tyndale line in particular runs through most of them.
The sentence as the grammar sees it — from the Nestle 1904 treebank
This is not our own analysis: it is the scholarly syntax tree for the verse, showing how the clause actually holds together.
Boxes are the grammarian's groupings — clause, noun phrase, prepositional phrase.
The earliest translations — Latin and Syriac
Every translation is an argument about meaning made by someone who had to commit to one. These two were made while the Greek was still a living language, and they are the oldest opinions we have about what this verse says.
Rememoramini autem pristinos dies, in quibus illuminati, magnum certamen sustinuistis passionum :
Jerome revised the Old Latin against the Greek from AD 382; the Latin west read this text for a thousand years.
ܐܬܕܟܪܘ ܗܟܝܠ ܠܝܘܡܬܐ ܩܕܡܝܐ ܗܢܘܢ ܕܒܗܘܢ ܩܒܠܬܘܢ ܡܥܡܘܕܝܬܐ ܘܐܓܘܢܐ ܪܒܐ ܣܝܒܪܬܘܢ ܕܚܫܐ ܒܚܣܕܐ ܘܒܐܘܠܨܢܐ
The Bible of the Syriac-speaking church, in the language nearest to the Aramaic Jesus spoke.
Shown verse by verse rather than word by word: aligning a Greek word to its Latin or Syriac counterpart automatically would be guesswork, and a wrong alignment is worse than none.
The Greek editions compared — what the manuscripts actually say
Eight printed editions of the Greek New Testament, side by side. Where they agree the wording is settled; where a word is missing from an edition it is marked, so you can see the difference rather than take it on trust.
Ἀναμιμνῄσκεσθε δὲ τὰς πρότερον ἡμέρας, ἐν αἷς φωτισθέντες πολλὴν ἄθλησιν ὑπεμείνατε παθημάτων,
The standard critical text of the New Testament.
Ἀναμιμνῄσκεσθε δὲ τὰς πρότερον ἡμέρας, ἐν αἷς φωτισθέντες πολλὴν ἄθλησιν ὑπεμείνατε παθημάτων,
The previous edition, still widely cited.
Ἀναμιμνῄσκεσθε δὲ τὰς πρότερον ἡμέρας, ἐν αἷς φωτισθέντες πολλὴν ἄθλησιν ὑπεμείνατε παθημάτων,
The Society of Biblical Literature edition, freely licensed.
Ἀναμιμνῄσκεσθε δὲ τὰς πρότερον ἡμέρας, ἐν αἷς φωτισθέντες πολλὴν ἄθλησιν ὑπεμείνατε παθημάτων,
The edition that turned scholarship toward the earliest manuscripts.
Ἀναμιμνῄσκεσθε δὲ τὰς πρότερον ἡμέρας, ἐν αἷς φωτισθέντες πολλὴν ἄθλησιν ὑπεμείνατε παθημάτων,
An independent critical text built from the oldest witnesses then known.
Ἀναμιμνῄσκεσθε δὲ τὰς πρότερον ἡμέρας, ἐν αἷς φωτισθέντες πολλὴν ἄθλησιν ὑπεμείνατε παθημάτων,
A recent critical edition following documentary evidence closely.
Ἀναμιμνῄσκεσθε δὲ τὰς πρότερον ἡμέρας, ἐν αἷς φωτισθέντες πολλὴν ἄθλησιν ὑπεμείνατε παθημάτων,
The reading of the majority of surviving manuscripts.
Ἀναμιμνῄσκεσθε δὲ τὰς πρότερον ἡμέρας, ἐν αἷς φωτισθέντες πολλὴν ἄθλησιν ὑπεμείνατε παθημάτων,
The printed tradition behind the King James Version.
A witness that read differently would show its variant word here, marked.
Word by word, across the editions
Every edition agrees. All 8 printed editions — Nestle-Aland 28, Nestle-Aland 27, SBLGNT, Westcott-Hort, Tregelles, Tyndale House 2017, Textus Receptus (KJV), Byzantine majority — carry every word of this verse, in the same order, with no difference that any translator would render differently.
The map of this verse — what each word keeps company with
This is a map of two things, both counted rather than judged. Company kept: which words stand within three words of each of these, anywhere in the Greek New Testament — the thicker the line, the more often the pair meet compared with chance. Built from: the words a word is made out of, taken from its own Strong’s entry. It is not a map of meaning: nothing here claims two words mean the same thing. Click any circle to see the numbers behind it.
Lexicons — every word in Hebrews 10:32
One dossier per word, with every reference work grouped by kind — Greek lexicons, morphology, Bible dictionaries, topical chains and the English of the translators themselves. The verse sits at the head of each block with the word under study lit, so you never lose your place. The panel above gives the short answer; this is the long one, and it is the part of the page worth indexing.
Every entry below is the lexicographer's own text. Imported from the CrossWire SWORD modules — Abbott-Smith, the full Liddell-Scott-Jones, Strong's, Dodson, the Intermediate LSJ, Robinson and Packard on the Greek, Webster and Cawdrey on the English the translators were using. Where a cell says a work has no entry, that work genuinely has none for this word.
ἀναμιμνῄσκω is built from the prefix ἀνα- and the root μιμνήσκω, meaning to remind or to remember. It covers the act of reminding someone of something, calling to mind, or recalling memories. In the New Testament, it appears in verses such as 1 Corinthians 4:17 and Mark 11:21. The lexicons agree that it can be used both actively and passively.
ἀνα-μιμνήσκω
[in LXX for זכר hi.;]
to remind, call to one's remembrance: c. acc. rei, I Co 4:17; c. inf., II Ti 1:6. Pass., to remember, call to mind: Mk 11:21 14:72, II Co 7:15, He 10:32.†
ἀνα-μιμνήσκω ; fut. ἀναμνήσω (fr. the form μνάω) ; Pass., [pres. ἀναμιμνήσκομαι]; 1 aor. ἀνεμνήσθην; [fr. Hom. down]; to call to remembrance, to remind: twa tt one of a thing [W. § 32, 4a.], 1 Co. ἵν. 17; to admonish, τινά foll. by inf., 2 Tim. i. 6. Pass. to recall to one’s own mind, to remember; absol.: Mk. xi. 21. with gen. of the thing, Mk. xiv. 72 Ree. τί, Mk. xiv. 72 LT Tr WH; contextually, to (remember and) weigh well, consider: 2 Co. vii. 15; Heb. x. 32; cf. W. § 30, 10c.; [B. § 132, 14]; Matth. ii. p. 820 sq. Syn. see ἀνάμνησις fin.]
ἀναμιμνήσκω. Syll 25635 (ii/B.C.) ἀναμιμ]νησκόμενοι πατρίων. Ρ Grenf I. 14-2 (ii/B.c.—literary) ὀδύνη με ἔχει ὅταν ἀναμνησθῶ ὡς κτὰ.: so also in }™ μαίνομ᾽ ὅταν ἀναμ[νη]σθῶμ᾽ εἰ μονοκοιτήσω --ἰογ the form see Mayser G7. p. 383.
ἀναμιμνήσκω (anamimnēskō) — to remind.
ἀναμιμνήσκω,
future ἀναμνήσω, poetry ἀμμνήσω: Aeolic dialect aorist active ὀμναῖσαι[Refs 7th c.BC+]: aorist infinitive passive ὀμνάσθην[Refs 3rd c.BC+]:— remind one of a thing, with double accusative, ταῦτά μ᾽ ἀνέμνησας[Refs 8th c.BC+]: but also with genitive of things, μή μ᾽ ἀναμνήσῃς κακῶν[Refs 7th c.BC+]
2. with accusative person et infinitive, remind one to do, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
3. with accusative of things only, recall to memory, make mention of, [Refs 5th c.BC+]
4. followed by conjunction, ἀ. ὅτι.. [Refs 5th c.BC+]
5. ἀναμιμνῄσκων, ὁ, remembrancer, [LXX]
II. passive, remember, recall to mind, τινός[Refs 5th c.BC+]; less frequently τι, [Refs 5th c.BC+]: followed by a relative, ἀναμνησθέντας οἷα ἐπάσχετε[Refs 5th…
ἀναμιμνῄσκω
anamimnesko
from 303 and 3403; to remind; (reflexively) to recollect:--call to
mind, (bring to , call to, put in), remember(-brance).
see GREEK for 303
see GREEK for 3403
ἀναμιμνήσκω
v.
I remind, admonish, remember
ἀναμιμνῄσκω anamimnēskō 6x
to remind, cause to remember, 1 Cor. 4:17; to exhort, 2 Tim. 1:6; to call to mind, recollect, remember, Mk. 11:21; 14:72; 2 Cor. 7:15; Heb. 10:32*
ἀναμιμνήσκω to remind one of a thing, c. dupl. acc., ταῦτά μ᾽ ἀνέμνησας Od.; c. gen. rei, ἀν. τινά τινος Eur.:—c. acc. pers. et inf. to remind one to do, Pind.
c. acc. rei, to recall to memory, make mention of, Dem.
in Pass. to remember, τινός Hdt., etc.; more rarely τι Ar., Plat.; περί τι Plat.
Verb-PMM-2P — Verb · present · middle · imperative · second person · pluralpresent middle imperative — an action in progress.
V-PMM-2P Part of Speech: Verb Tense: Present Voice: Middle Mood: iMperative Person: second Number: Plural
6 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 6 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 6 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Counted over the 11 Old Testament verses where this Greek word stands: which Hebrew word keeps standing there too. A correspondence of verses rather than a word-by-word alignment, so read the percentage as strength of evidence, not as a claim about any single verse.
καλεῖται γὰρ ἐκ λήθης, τὸ δὲ ἰσοδυναμοῦν ἐστι πρᾶγμα ἀναμνήσει.
ὅθεν ἄλλον μὲν οὐδένα θεασάμενος ἐν τοιαύτῃ στολῇ, τοῦτον δὲ νῦν ἰδὼν καὶ τῆς κατὰ τοὺς ὕπνους ἀναμνησθεὶς ὄψεώς τε καὶ παρακελεύσεως, νομίζω θείᾳ πομπῇ τὴν στρατείαν πεποιημένος Δαρεῖον νικήσειν καὶ τὴν Περσῶν καταλύσειν δύναμιν καὶ πάνθʼ ὅσα κατὰ…
θεόκριτος προφήτης Ἰερημίας. ἐγὼ τοιγαροῦν εἰς τοσαύτην λήθην ἐμβληθεὶς καὶ τοσαῦτα παθὼν καὶ μόλις ἀναμνησθεὶς ὅτι ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ Θεὸς ἐσταυρωμένος δὲ γεννητὸς ἀγέννητος καὶ μαθὼν ὅτι οὐδεμία γραφὴ
δέ (de) is a post-positive particle in Greek, primarily used as a conjunction to connect clauses. It can express contrast (but, on the other hand) or continuation (and, also), and is often used to transition between ideas or to add emphasis. In the New Testament, it appears frequently in various contexts, such as contrasting statements or resuming interrupted discourse, with notable examples in Matthew and 2 Corinthians.
δέ (before vowels δ’; on the general neglect of the elision in NT, v. WH, App., 146; Tdf., Pr., 96),
post-positive conjunctive particle;
copulative, but, in the next place, and, now (Abbott, JG, 104): Mt 1:2ff., II Co 6:15, 16, II Pe 1:5-7; in repetition for emphasis, Ro 3:21, 22, 9:30, I Co 2:6, Ga 2:2, Phl 2:8; in transition to something new, Mt 1:18 2:19, Lk 13:1, Jo 7:14, Ac 6:1, Read the full entry →
δέ (related to δή, as μέν to μήν, ef. Klotz ad Devar. ii. 2 p. 355), a particle adversative, distinctive, disjunctive, but, moreover, (W.§ 53, 7 and 10, 2); it is much more freq. in the historical parts of the N. T. than in the other books, very rare in the Epp. of John and the Apocalypse. {On its general neglect of elision (when the next word begins with a vowel) cf. Tdf. Proleg. p. 96; WH. App. Ῥ 146; W.§5,1a.; B. p.10sq.] It is used ἘΠ ΟἹ δὲ univ. by way of opposition and distinction; it is added to statements opp. to a preceding statement: ἐὰν yap ἀφῆτε... ἐὰν δὲ μὴ ἀφῆτε, Mt. vi. 14 sq.; ἐὰν de ὁ ὀφθαλμὸς κτλ. Mt. vi. 23; ἐλεύσονται δὲ ἡμέραι, Mk. ii. 20; it opposes persons to persons or things previously mentioned or thought of, —either with strong emphasis: ἐγὼ δέ, Mt. v. 22, 28, 32, 34, 39,44; ἡμεῖς de, 1 Co. i. 23; 2 Co. x. 13; σὺ δέ, Mt. vi. 6; ὑμεῖς δέ, Mk. viii. 29; of δὲ…
Read the full entry →δεῖ. For the conjunctive, as in Mt 26%, cf. P Fay 109° (early i/A.D.) ἐάν σε δῇ (for δέῃ) τὸ εἱμάτιόν σου θεῖναι ἐνέχυρον. “even if you have to pawn your cloak” (Edd.). In P Tebt I. 585° (B.c. 111) we have ἐάν followed by the indicative— ἐὰν δεῖ σε συνπεσεῖν τῶι ᾿Ανικήτωι, σύνπεσαι, ‘if you must meet Anicetus, meet him” (Edd.): cf. Mayser G7. p. 325. Other examples of the verb are l’ Par 461® (B.C. 153) διὸ Kal ἡγούμενος δεῖν ἐπ᾿ ἄλλου μὲν μηθενὸς αὐτῶι διακριθῆναι» P Lille I. 267 (iii.B.c.) περὶ (corr. from πεερὶ) δὲ τούτου τοῦ μέρους δεήσει ἐπισχεῖν, P Tebt 11. 3414 (A.p. 140-1) δεήσι ἐπισταλῆναι εἰς δάνε[ι]α σπέρματα κατασπίο]ρᾶς KTA., “ΕἼ will be necessary to send on account of loans of seedcorn for the sowing,” etc., AécheZ 1001" © (Theran Doric —c. B.C. 200) no one may bring forward a proposal ὡς δεείσῃ διαλῦσαι τὸ κοινὸν εἰ τὰς θυσίας, P Flor II. 133" (A.D. 257) ἔδι μὲν ὑμᾶς μηδὲ…
Read the full entry →δέ (de) — then.
δέ,
but: adversative and copulative Particle,
I. answering to μέν (which see), τὴν νῦν μὲν Βοιωτίαν, πρότερον δὲ Καδμηίδα γῆν καλουμένην [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II. without preceding μέν,
II.1. adversative, expressing distinct opposition, αἰεί τοι τὰ κάκ᾽ ἐστὶ φίλα.. μαντεύεσθαι, ἐσθλὸν δ᾽ οὔτε τί πω εἶπας[Refs 5th c.BC+]; so in Prose, οὐκ ἐπὶ κακῷ, ἐλευθερώσει δέ.. [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.2. copulative,
II.2. a in explanatory clauses, ξυνέβησαν.. τὰ μακρὰ τείχη ἑλεῖν (ἦν δὲ σταδίων μάλιστα ὀκτώ) [Refs 8th c.BC+]: when a substantive is followed by words in apposition, Ἀρισταγόρῃ τῷ Μιλησίῳ, δούλῳ δὲ ἡμετέρῳ [Refs 5th c.BC+]; so in answers, διπλᾶ λέγειν. —Answ. διπλᾶδ᾽ ὁρᾶν…
δέ
de
a primary particle (adversative or continuative); but, and,
etc.:--also, and, but, moreover, now (often unexpressed in English).
δέ
Cj.
but, on the other hand, and
δέ de 2x
a conjunctive particle, marking the superaddition of a clause, whether in opposition or in continuation, to what has preceded, and it may be variously rendered but, on the other hand, and, also, now, etc.; καὶ δέ, when there is a special superaddition in continuation, too, yea, etc. It sometimes is found at the commencement of the apodosis of a sentence, Acts 11:17. It serves also to mark the resumption of an interrupted discourse, 2 Cor. 2:10; Gal. 2:6
δέ but: conjunctive Particle, with adversative force: it commonly answers to μέν, and may often be rendered by while, whereas, on the other hand, v. μέν:— but μέν is often omitted, δέ being used merely to pass on from one thing to another; ὣς Ἀχιλεὺς θάμβησεν, θάμβησαν δὲ καὶ ἄλλοι Il.; etc.; κινεῖ κραδίην κινεῖ δὲ χόλον Eur.
δέ is often redundant,
to introduce the apodosis, where it may be rendered by then, yet, εἰ δέ κε μὴ δώωσιν, ἐγὼ δέ κεν αὐτὸς ἕλωμαι if they will not give it, then I will take it, Il.; so at in Lat., si tu oblitus es, at Dii meminerint Catull.
to resume after interruption caused by a parenthesis, where it may be rendered by I say, now, so then, Hdt.
POSITION of δέ: properly second, being often put between the Art. and Subst., the prep. and case.
Conj — Conjunctionconjunction — it joins clauses, and never changes form.
CONJ CONJunction or conjunctive particle
2,937 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 15 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 2,787 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
2 inflected forms — one of the commonest words in the New Testament. Full distribution →
The definite article — the commonest word in the Greek New Testament at 19,867 occurrences. Greek uses it more freely than English does and can drop it deliberately, so its presence and its absence both carry weight for a translator; but no single occurrence carries a message of its own. Here it simply gathers “the things” into one definite bundle.
ὁ, ἡ, τό,
the prepositive article (ἄρθρον προτακτικόν), originally a demonstr. pron. (so usually in Hom.), in general corresponding to the Eng. definite article.
As demonstr. pron.
As freq. in Hom., absol., he (she, it), his (etc.): Ac 17:28 (quoted from the poet Aratus).
ὁ 435 ὁ tives of quantity, ὅλος, πᾶς, πολύς, see each in its own place. d. What has been said concerning adjectives holds true also of all other limitations added to substantives, as ἡ κατ᾽ ἐκλογὴν πρόθεσις, Ro. ix. 11; ἡ παρ᾽ ἐμοῦ διαθήκη, Ro. xi. 27; 6 λόγος 6 τοῦ σταυροῦ, 1 Co. i. 18; ἡ εἰς Χριστὸν πίστις, Col. ii. 5; on the other hand, ἡ πίστις ὑμῶν ἡ πρὸς τὸν θεόν, 1 Th. i. 8; τῆς διακονίας τῆς εἰς τοὺς ἁγίους, 2 Co. viii. 4; see many other exx. of each usage in W. 131 (124) sqq.; [B. 91 (80) sqq.]. e. The noun has the article before it when a demonstrative pronoun (υὗτος, ἐκεῖνος) belonging to it either precedes or follows [W. § 18, 4; B. § 127, 29-31]; as, ὁ ἄνθρωπος οὗτος, Jn. ix. 24 [οὗτος ὁ ἄνθρ. 1, Tr mrg. WH); Acts vi. 13; xxii. 26; ὁ λαὸς οὗτος, Mt. xv. 8; 6 vids σου οὗτος, Lk. xv. 30; plur. Lk. xxiv. 17, and numberless other exx.; οὗτος 6 ἄνθρωπος, Lk. xiv. 30; οὗτος ὁ…
Read the full entry →ὃ, ἡ τό. (1) Apart from connexion with μέν or δέ (see below) the demonstrative use of the art. in the NT is confined to a poetical quotation Ac 1778, but it is not uncommon in the papyri, e.g. P Par 45® (B.C. 153) (= Witkowski®, p. 85) τὰ (for ἃ) πράσεις (Δ πράσσεις), P Oxy VIII. 1160! (iii/iv A.D.) Ta (for ἃ) σεσύλληχα (for συνείληχα) δὲ κέρμα {ταν τηρῶ αὐτὰ εἰς τὴν δίκην, “1 am keeping for the trial the money that I have collected” (Ed.). For the distributive Opéev.. - 6 8€, as in 1 Cor7’, cf. P Lond 535 (B.c. 161) (=I. p. 19, U.P.Z. i. p. 239) kal τὰ μὲν ἡμῶν ἐληφότων εἰς τὴν γινομένην ἡμῖν συντάξειν, τὰ δ᾽ ἔτι διὰ τὴν τῶν ὑποτεταγμένων {(.. ... > παρελκομένων. (2) The use of the art. as a relative, of which there is no trace in the NT, may again be illustrated by the following papyrus citations from ¢c. A.D. 346—P Lond 414® (= II. Ῥ. 292) γεινῴσκιν oe θέλω περὶ τοῦ βρεουίου…
Read the full entry →ὁ (ho) — the/this/who.
ὁ,
ἡ, τό, is, when thus written,
__A demonstrative Pronoun.
__B in Attic dialect, definite or prepositive Article.
__C in Epic dialect, the so-called postpositive Article, = relative Pronoun, ὅς, ἥ, ὅ.—The nominative masculine and feminine singular and plural, ὁ, ἡ, οἱ, αἱ, have no accent in codices and most printed books, except when used as the relative; but ὁ, ἡ, οἱ, αἱ differ only in writing from ὃ, ἣ, οἳ, α; the nominative forms of the article are said by Hdn.Gr.1.474 to be oxytone, and by [Refs 2nd c.AD+] in Aeolic dialect accusative to [Refs 8th c.BC+] genitive and dative dual τοῖιν [Refs 8th c.BC+]— In Doric dialect and all other dialects except Attic dialect and Ionic dialect the feminine forms preserve the old ᾱ instead of changing it to η, hence Doric dialect etc. ἁ, τάν, τᾶ; the genitive plural τάων contracts in many dialects to τᾶ; the genitive…
ὁ ἡ τό
ho
he hay, and the neuter
to to
in all their inflections; the definite article; the (sometimes to be
supplied, at others omitted, in English idiom):--the, this, that, one,
he, she, it, etc.
ὁ, ἡ, τό
Article
the
ὁ ho 19x
the prepositive article, answering, to a considerable extent, to the English definite article; but, for the principle and facts of its usage, consult a grammar; ὁ μὲν ... ὁ δέ, the one ... the other, Phil. 1:16, 17; Heb. 7:5, 6, 20, 21, 23, 24; pl. some ... others, Mt. 13:23; 22:5, 6; ὁ δέ, but he, Mt. 4:4; 12:48; οἱ δέ, but others, Mt. 28:17; used, in a poetic quotation, for a personal pronoun, Acts 17:28
ὁ the, that
ὁ, ἡ, τό, is
demonstr. Pronoun.
the definite Article.
in epic, the relative Pronoun, when it is written with the accent ὅ, ἥ, τό ῀ ὅς, ἥ, ὅ. Besides the common forms, note epic gen. sg. τοῖο for τοῦ; pl. nom. τοί, ταί; gen. fem. τάων [α^], dat. τοῖσι, τῇς and τῇσι; dual gen, and dat. τοῖιν:— in Trag. we find τοὶ μέν . . , τοὶ δέ . . , for οἱ μέν . . , οἱ δέ . . ; dat. pl. also τοῖσι, ταῖσι: the dual has commonly but one gender, τώ for τά, τοῖν for ταῖν.
DEMONSTR. PRONOUN:
joined with a Subst., not as the Art., but like Lat. ille, ὁ Τυδείδης Tydeus's famous son, Il.; Νέστωρ ὁ γέρων Nestor— that aged man, id. Il.; τιμῆς τῆς Πριάμου for honour, namely that of Priam, id. Il.
Art-APF — Article · accusative · plural · feminineaccusative — the one it is done to — the object.
Agrees with anything else marked plural feminine.
T-APF Part of Speech: definite arTicle Case: Accusative Number: Plural Gender: Feminine
THE, an adjective or definitive adjective.
1. This adjective is used as a definitive, that is, before nouns which are specific or understood; or it is used to limit their signification to a specific thing or things, or to describe them; as the laws of the twelve tables. the independent tribunals of justice in our country, are the security or private rights, and the best bulwark against arbitrary power. the sun is the source of light and heat.
This he calls the preaching of the cross.
2. the is also used rhetorically before a noun in the singular number, to denote a species by way of distinction; a single thing representing the whole. the fig tree putteth forth her green figs; the almond tree shall flourish; the grasshopper shall be a burden.
3. In poetry, the sometimes loses the final vowel before another vowel.
Th' adorning thee with so much art,
Is but a barb'rous skill.
20,685 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 83 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 19,783 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
40 inflected forms — one of the commonest words in the New Testament. Full distribution →
Τῶν ἄλλων νομοθετῶν οἱ μὲν ἀκαλλώπιστα καὶ γυμνὰ τὰ νομισθέντα παρ’ αὐτοῖς εἶναι δίκαια διετάξαντο, οἱ δὲ πολὺν ὄγκον τοῖς νοήμασι προσπεριβαλόντες ἐξετύφωσαν τὰ πλήθη μυθικοῖς πλάσμασι τὴν ἀλήθειαν ἐπικρύψαντες.
ἡ τοῦ κόσμου σύστασις καὶ διάταξις τῶν στοιχείων.
Χαίρετε, υἱοὶ καὶ θυγατέρες, ἐν ὀνόματι κυρίου τοῦ ἀγαπήσαντος ἡμᾶς, ἐν εἰρήνῃ.
r βασιλεύοντος Πτολεμαίου τοῦ ἐπικαλουμένου Ἀλεξάνδρου καὶ Βερενίκης τῆς ἀδελφῆς θεῶν Φιλομητόρων ἔτους ιε, ἐφʼ ἱερέων καὶ ἱερειῶν
ιζ Θῶυθ κη ἀπέδοτο Πετεσοῦχος Φίβιος καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ τὸ ὕπαρχον αὐτοῖς ἥμισυ περιστερῶνος τοῦ ὄντος ἐν τῶι ἀπὸ βορρᾶ μέρει Παθύρεως χαλκοῦ Γ. ἐπρίατο Ὧρος Νεχούτου.
βασιλευόντων Πτολεμαίου τοῦ ἐπικαλουμένου Ἀλεξάνδρου καὶ Βερενίκης τῆς ἀδελφῆς θεῶν φιλομητόρων ἔτους ιϛ, ἐφʼ ἱερέων καὶ ἱερειῶν
The Greek word πρότερος (proteros) is built from the root πρό and functions as a comparative adjective meaning 'former' or 'prior.' It covers a range of meanings related to time and precedence, often referring to something that occurred before or was in front of something else. In the New Testament, it appears eleven times, notably in contexts contrasting past and present actions.
πρότερος, -a, -ov, (compar. of πρό); [fr. Hom. down], beJore, prior; of time, former: ἡ προτέρα ἀναστροφή, Eph. iv. 22. Neut. adverbially, before (something else is or was done): Jn. vii. 51 RG; 2 Co. i. 15; opp. to ἔπειτα, Ileb. vii. 27; before i.e. aforetime, in time past: Jn. vii. 50[L Tr WIL]; Heb. iv. 6; and RGin 1 Tim. i. 13; also τὸ πρότερον (contrasting the past with the present [cf. πάλαι, 1 fin.]), Jn. vi. 62; ix. 8, and LT Tr WH in 1 Tim. i. 13, (1 Mace. iii. 46; v. 1; xi. 34, 39; Deut. ii.12; Josh. xi. 10; Hdt. 7, 75; Xen., Plat.) ; i.q. our the first time, Gal. iv. 13 (on which cf. Meyer); it is placed between the art. and the noun, as αἱ πρότερον ἡμέραι, the former days, Heb. x. 32; αἱ πρότ. ἐπιθυμίαι, the lusts which you formerly indulged, 1 Pet. i. 14.
πρότερος. The comparative rarity of πρότερος in the NT, where it occurs only eleven times (never in Lk), as contrasted with the 200 appearances of πρῶτος, meets usagainin the papyri. For the adj., as in Eph 4**, cf. P Fay 345 (A.D. 161) κατὰ τὴν τῶν προτέρων ἐτῶν συνήθειαν, ‘according to the custom of former years,” and for the neut. used adverbially see BGU IV. 10964 (i/ii A.D.) ὃν (sc. γραμματέα) πρότερον εἶχον» P Lond 122119 (a.p. 105) (= III. p. 25) ἐν οἰ[κί]ᾳ πρότερον ᾿Κλαυδίας, and with the art. P Tebt II. 302° (A.D. 71-2) ἀρούρας φδ τὸ πρότερον τῶν προκι[μένων θεῶν, ‘* 500} arourae which previously belonged to the aforesaid gods.” In view of these exx. we are probably right in understanding τὸ πρότερον in Gal 413 in the general sense of ‘ previously,” ‘‘ originally,” rather than ‘‘on the former of two visits” (cf. Lake Zarlier Epp. of St. Paul, p. 265 f.): in all the other…
Read the full entry →πρότερον (proteron) — previously.
πρότερος
and πρῶτος, comparative and superlative formed from πρό, opposed to ὕστερος, ὕστατος. comparative πρότερος, α, ον,
I. of Place, before, in front, π. πόδες the fore-feet, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; π. ἵπποι horses in front, [Refs 5th c.BC+] — but mostly,
II. of Time, former, earlier, ἄνδρες [Refs 8th c.BC+]; οἱ π. men of former times, [Refs 8th c.BC+]: also, older, opposed to ὁπλότερος, [Refs]; but παῖδες π. children by the first or a former marriage, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; τῇ προτέρῃ (i.e. ἡμέρᾳ) on the day before, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἠοῖ τῇ π. [Refs 8th c.BC+]; τοῦ π. ἐνιαυτοῦ the year before, [Refs]; τοῖς π. Παναθηναίοις the preceding P., [Refs]; τὰ π. what has preceded, [Refs 3rd c.AD+]:—frequently used predicatively, sometimes where we should expect the adverb (which is never used by…
πρότερος
proteron
neuter of 4387 as adverb (with or without the article);
previously:--before, (at the) first, former.
see GREEK for 4387
πρότερον
Adj. & Comp.adv.
formerly, before
Adv-C — Adverb · comparativeadverb — it qualifies the verb, and never changes form.
ADV-C ADVerb or adverb and particle combined Degree: Comparative
for'-mer:
The word in the sense of "maker," "framer," occurs only in Jer 51:19, "He is the former (from yatsar, "to form") of all things." The adjective, in the sense of preceding in the order of time, is commonly in Hob the translation of ri'shon, "first," "foremost" (Ge 40:13; Nu 21:26; De 24:4, etc.); in Greek of proteros (Eph 4:22; Heb 10:32; 1Pe 1:14); and in two cases (Ac 1:1; Re 21:4) of protos, where…
5 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 3 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 10 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Counted over the 23 Old Testament verses where this Greek word stands: which Hebrew word keeps standing there too. A correspondence of verses rather than a word-by-word alignment, so read the percentage as strength of evidence, not as a claim about any single verse.
ὡς γὰρ τῶν κολοσσιαίων μεγεθῶν τὰς ἐμφάσεις καὶ ἡ βραχυτάτη σφραγὶς τυπωθεῖσα δέχεται, οὕτως τάχα που καὶ τὰ τῆς ἀναγραφείσης ἐν τοῖς νόμοις κοσμοποιίας ὑπερβάλλοντα κάλλη καὶ ταῖς μαρμαρυγαῖς τὰς τῶν ἐντυγχανόντων ψυχὰς ἐπισκιάζοντα βραχυτέροις…
ἤδη μὲν οὖν καὶ πρότερον διενοήθην, ὅτε τὸν πόλεμον συνέγραφον, δηλῶσαι τίνες ὄντες ἐξ ἀρχῆς Ἰουδαῖοι καὶ τίσι χρησάμενοι τύχαις ὑφʼ οἵῳ τε παιδευθέντες νομοθέτῃ τὰ πρὸς εὐσέβειαν καὶ τὴν ἄλλην ἄσκησιν ἀρετῆς πόσους τε πολέμους ἐν μακροῖς…
ἐλθὼν οὖν εἰς τὸν τόπον τιθῶ τὰ γόνατα καὶ ἠρξάμην προσεύχεσθαι τῷ κυρίῳ καὶ δοξάζειν αὐτοῦ τὸ ὄνομα, ὅτι με ἄξιον ἡγήσατο καὶ ἐγνώρισέν μοι τὰς ἁμαρτίας μου τὰς πρότερον.
r Μῦς Ζήνωνι χαίρειν. περὶ Συμβώτου καὶ πρότερόν σοι ἐπέστειλα διότι πλεονάκις αὐτῶι καὶ γράφομεν καὶ ἐντυγχάνομεν ἀξιοῦντες κομίζεσθαι τὴν γῆν, καὶ
γῆς ἠπείρου, ἧς διασαφεῖ Ἁρενδώτης ὁ βασιλικὸς γραμματεὺς ἀνειλῆφθαι εἰς τὸ βασιλικόν, οὖσαν δὲ πρότερον Μύρωνος τοῦ Μόσχου ἐν Παθύρει ἀρουρῶν λε ἀνὰ δ 𐅷 τῶν προτεθέντων εἰς πρᾶσιν
γῆς ἠπείρου, ἧς διασαφεῖ Ἁρενδώτης ὁ βασιλικὸς γραμματεὺς ἀνειλῆφθαι εἰς τὸ βασιλικόν, οὖσαν δὲ πρότερον Μύρωνος, ἐν Παθύρει ἀρουρῶν λε ἀνὰ δ 𐅷 τῶν προτεθέντων εἰς πρᾶσιν καὶ προκηρυχθέντων
ἡμέρα is a feminine noun meaning 'day,' covering various usages from the natural day (sunrise to sunset) to a full 24-hour period. It appears in contexts contrasting day with night, as well as in metaphorical senses related to time and judgment. The New Testament references include specific phrases like 'by day' and 'every day,' with notable occurrences in Matthew and Revelation.
ἡμέρα, -ας, ἡ,
[in LXX chiefly (very freq.) for יוֹם;]
day;
ἡμέρα, -ας, ἡ, (fr. ἥμερος, -ον, prop. ἡμέρα ὥρα the mild time, cf. Lob. Paral. p. 359; [but cf. Curtius p. 594 sq.; Vanitek p. 9487); Hebr. ny; day; used 1. of the natural day, or the interval between sunrise and sunset, as distinguished fr. and contrasted with night; a. prop. ἡμέρας, by day, in the daytime, [ef. collog. Eng. of a day; W. § 30,11; B. § 132, 26], Rev. xxi. 25; ἡμέpas k. νυκτός, day and night [ef. W. 552 (513 sq.); Lob. Paralip. p. 62 sq.; Ellic. on 1 Tim. v. 5], Mk. v.5; Lk. xvili. 7; Actsix. 24; 1 ΤῊ. 11. 9; iii.10; [2 Th. iii.8 L txt. T Tr WH]; 1 Tim. v.5; 2 Tim.i.3; Rev. iv. 8; vii. 15; xii. 10; xiv. 11; xx.10; ἡμέρας μέσης, at midday, Acts xxvi. 13; νύκτα καὶ ἡμέραν [ W. 230 (216); B.§ 131, 11], Mk. iv. 27; Acts xx. 31; 2 Th.iii.8 RG; hyperbolically i. q. without intermission, λατρεύειν, Lk. ii. 37; Acts xxvi. 7; ἡμέρας ὁδός, a day’s journey, Lk. ii. 44 (Gen. xxxi.…
Read the full entry →ἡμέρα. P Par 133} (8.6. 117) ἡμέρας, “during the day,” 7d. 275} (B.C. 160) τῆς ἡμέρας, ‘‘every day,” 23. 497° (B.c. 164-158) τὴν ἡμέραν ἐκείνην ἀσχοληθείς, P Tebt I. 17° (B.c. 114) ἅμ᾽ ἡμέραι, ‘‘at daybreak,” P Giss I. 1710 (time of Hadrian) καθ᾽ ἡμέραν, P Oxy VII. 10296 (A.D. 107) els τὴν ἐνεστῶσαν ἡμέραν, 74. τοῦ814 (iii/A.D.) ἡμερῶν ἀνοχὴν ἔχω, 26. X. 127513 (iii/A.D.) ἐφ᾽ ἡμέρας ἑορτῶν πέντε. In P Giss I. 197 (ii/A.D.) a wile writes to her husband—ovv]exas ἀγρυπνοῦσα γυκτὸς ἡϊμέρας μ]ήίαν μέριμναν ἔχω τὴν περὶ [τῆς σωτ]ηρίας σου. The noun is used of ¢ime generally, as in Jn 14°°, Ac 933 a/., in P Amh II. 304° (ii/B.c.) where a woman, who has been ordered to vacate a house, asks ‘‘ for time’”’—‘pépas αἰτοῦσα, promising that she will quit—ev ἡ[μ]έραις 4, “ within ten days.’ For the parenthetic nominative of time, as Mt 1532, Mk 85, Lk 928, we may perhaps cite P Lond 417} (c. A.D. 346)…
Read the full entry →ἡμέρα (hēmera) — day.
ἡμέρα,
Epic dialect and Ionic dialect ἡμέρη [Refs], Doric dialect ἀμέρα [Refs 8th c.BC+], Locrian dialect ἀμάρα [Refs] (aspirated perhaps only in Attic dialect and West Ionic dialect, compare ἐπάμερος [Refs 5th c.BC+], etc.; usually unaspirated in early Attic dialect Inscrr., [Refs]; aspirated in codices even in dialects: original ἀμέρα probably took aspirate from ἑσπέρα): ἡ:—day, less frequently than ἦμαρ in [Refs 8th c.BC+]; τίς νύ μοι ἡ. ἥδ; [Refs 8th c.BC+]; μῆνές τε καὶ ἡ[Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἡ σήμερον ἡ., see at {σήμερον· ἅμα ἡμέρᾳ} or ἅμα τῇ ἡμέρᾳ at daybreak, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἡ. διέλαμψεν, ἐξέλαμψεν, ὑπέφαινε, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τῆς ἡ. ὀψέ late in the day, [Refs]
Read the full entry →ἡμέρα
hemera
feminine (with 5610 implied) of a derivative of hemai (to sit; akin to
the base of 1476) meaning tame, i.e. gentle; day, i.e. (literally) the
time space between dawn and dark, or the whole 24 hours (but several
days were usually reckoned by the Jews as inclusive of the parts of
both extremes); figuratively, a period (always defined more or less
clearly by the context):--age, + alway, (mid-)day (by day, (-ly)), +
for ever, judgment, (day) time, while, years.
see GREEK for 5610
see GREEK for 1476
ἡμέρα, ας, ἡ
n.f.
a day
ἡμέρα hēmera 389x
day, a day, the interval from sunrise to sunset, opp. to νύξ, Mt. 4:2; 12:40; Lk. 2:44; the interval of twenty-four hours, comprehending day and night, Mt. 6:34; 15:32; from the Hebrew, ἡμέρᾳ καὶ ἡμέρᾳ, day by day, every day, 2 Cor. 4:16; ἡμέραν ἐξ ἡμέρας, from day to day, continually, 2 Pet. 2:8; καθ’ ἡμέραν, every day, daily, Acts 17:17; Heb. 3:13; a point or period of time, Lk. 19:42; Read the full entry →
ἡμέρα day, Hom., etc.:—phrases for day-break, ἅμα ἡμέρᾳ or ἅμα τῇ ἡμέρᾳ Xen.; ἡμ. διαλάμπει or ἐκλάμπει Ar.; ἡμ. ὑποφαίνεται Xen.; γίγνεται or ἐστὶ πρὸς ἡμέραν id. Xen.
with Adjs. to describe a state or time of life, ἐπίπονος ἡμ. a life of misery, Soph.; λυπρὰν ἄγειν ἡμ. Eur.; αἱ μακραὶ ἡμέραι length of days, Soph.; νέα ἡμ. youth, Eur.
poet. for time, ἡμ. κλίνει τε κἀνάγει πάλιν ἅπαντα τἀνθρώπεια Soph.
absol. usages,
in gen., τριῶν ἡμερέων within three days, Hdt.; ἡμερῶν ὀλίγων within a few days, Thuc.: —also, ἡμέρας by day, Plat.; δὶς τῆς ἡμέρης ἑκάστης twice every day, Hdt.
Noun-APF — Noun · accusative · plural · feminineaccusative — the one it is done to — the object.
Agrees with anything else marked plural feminine.
N-APF Part of Speech: Noun Case: Accusative Number: Plural Gender: Feminine
392 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 13 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 389 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Every reference is on the Strong's page.
Counted over the 1,082 Old Testament verses where this Greek word stands: which Hebrew word keeps standing there too. A correspondence of verses rather than a word-by-word alignment, so read the percentage as strength of evidence, not as a claim about any single verse.
Ἓξ δὲ ἡμέραις δημιουργηθῆναί φησι τὸν κόσμον, οὐκ ἐπειδὴ προσεδεῖτο χρόνων μήκους ὁ ποιῶν — ἅμα γὰρ πάντα δρᾶν εἰκὸς θεόν, οὐ προστάττοντα μόνον ἀλλὰ καὶ διανοούμενον —, ἀλλ’ ἐπειδὴ τοῖς γινομένοις ἔδει τάξεως.
καὶ γενομένου τούτου κατανοήσας τὴν ὅλην ὕλην διεχώρισε τό τε φῶς καὶ τὸ σκότος καὶ τῷ μὲν ὄνομα ἔθετο νύκτα, τὸ δὲ ἡμέραν ἐκάλεσεν ἑσπέραν τε καὶ ὄρθρον τὴν ἀρχὴν τοῦ φωτὸς καὶ τὴν ἀνάπαυσιν προσαγορεύσας.
Ἡμερῶν οὖν οὐσῶν πονηρῶν καὶ αὐτοῦ τοῦ ἐνεργοῦντος ἔχοντος τὴν ἐξουσίαν, ὀφείλομεν ἑαυτοῖς προσέχοντες ἐκζητεῖν τὰ δικαιώματα κυρίου,
Πέρσαις τῆς ἐπιγονῆς τῶν ἐκ Παθύρεως, χαλκοῦ νομίσματος τάλαντα πέντε δραχμὰς δισχιλίας ἄτοκα εἰς ἡμέρας τριάκοντα ἀπὸ τοῦ Μεσορὴ τοῦ προκειμένου ἔτους. τὸ δὲ δάνειον τοῦτο ἀποδότωσαν οἱ δεδανεισμένοι
μακροπρόσωπος εὐθύριν οὐλὴ φαλάνθῳ ἀριστερῶι χαλκοῦ νομίσματος τάλαντα δέκα δύο, γίνεται τάλαντα ιβ, ἄτοκα, ἡμερῶν τριάκοντα ἀπὸ μηνὸς Παῦνι ιθ. τὸ δὲ δάνειον τοῦτο ἀποδότω ὁ δεδανεισμένος Πανᾶς Ἀγαθίνωι
ἀποτεισάτω ἐν τῶι ἐχομένωι μηνὶ παραχρῆμα τὰ τοῦ σιδήρου μνᾶς δισχιλίας χμ καὶ ἐπίτιμον ἡμέρας ἑκάστης ἧς ἐὰν μὴ ἀποδῶι τὸν σίδηρον χαλκοῦ δραχμὰς σ τῆς ἡμέρας ἑκάστης· ἡ
The most frequent preposition in the New Testament, 2,752 occurrences. In, on, at, among, within — its force comes almost entirely from the word it is attached to. What it does here is put the events inside a community rather than at a distance: they were fulfilled among us.
ἐν,
prep, (the most freq. of all in NT), c. dat. (= Heb. בְּ, Lat. in, c. abl.).
Of place, c. dat. rei, pers., in, within, on, at, by, among: ἐν τ. πόλει, Lk 7:37; τ. οφθαλμῷ, Mt 7:3; τ. κοιλίᾳ, Mt 12:40; τ. ὄρει, II Pe 1:18; τ. θρόνῳ, Re 3:21; τ. δεξιᾷ τ. θεοῦ, Ro 8:34; ἐν ἡμῖν , Lk 1:1; of books, ἐν τ. βιβλίῳ, Ga 3:10; τ. νόμῳ, Mt 12:5, al.; ἐν τοῖς τ. Πατρός, in my Father's house (RV; cf. M, Pr., 103)…
Read the full entry →ἐν Χριστῷ, ἐν Χριστῷ ᾿Ιησοῦ, ἐν κυρίῳ, (οἴ. Fritzsche, Com. on Rom. vol. ii. p. 82 544.; W. 389 (364); Weiss, Bibl. Theol. des N. T. §§ 84 b., 149 c.), ingrafied as it were in Christ, in fellowship and union with Christ, with the Lord: Ro. iii. 24; vi. 11, 23; viii. 39; 1Co.i.4; 2 Co. iii. 14; Gal. ii. 4; iii. 14, 26, 28; v. 6; Eph.i. 3 [Rec. om. ἐν]; ii. 6 sq. 10,13; 1 Tim.i.14; 2 Tim.i. 1,13; ii-1; 1 Pet. iii. 16; v.10; στήκειν ἐν κυρίῳ, Phil. iv. 1; iva εὑρεθῶ ἐν αὐτῷ, that I may be found (by God and Christ) most intimately united to him, Phil. iii. 9; εἶναι ἐν Χριστῷ "Inc. 1 Co. i. 30; οἱ ἐν Xp. "Ina. Ro. viii. 1; 1 Pet. v. 14; κοιμᾶσθαι ἐν Χριστῷ, θνήσκειν ἐν κυρίῳ, to fall asleep, to die, mindful of relationship to Christ and confiding in it [W. u.s.], 1 Co. xv. 18; Rey. xiv. 13. Since such union with Christ is the basis on which actions and virtues rest, the expression is…
Read the full entry →ἐν 210 contract—time of Augustus) ἱμάτια γυναικεῖα ἐν apyv(plov) δραχμαῖς ἑκατόν, P Oxy IV. 7247 (A.D. 155) ἐξ ὧν ἔσχες τὴν πρώτην δόσιν ἐν δραχμαῖς τεσσαράκοντα, 70. I. 565 (A.D. 211) δανειζομένη. .. ἀργύριον ἔντοκον ἐν δραχμαῖς ἑξακισχειλίαις, and P Grenf II. 778 (iii/iv a.p.) (=Selections, Pp. 120) το]ὺς μισθοὺς. . ὄντας ἐν δραχμαῖς τριακοσίαις τεσσαράκοντα. Similar are P Oxy IV. 7084 (a.p. 188) yopou . . ἐν (1vpod)(apraBats) ’B, BGU 1. 724 (a.p. 191) ἐξέκοψαν πλεῖστον τόπον ἐν ἀρούραις πέντε: with which may be compared Eph 2!° τὸν νόμον τῶν ἐντολῶν ἐν δόγμασιν, “consisting in.” In P Lond 9215 (ii/iii a.p.) (ΞΞ 111. P- 134) γεγονέναι ἐν ἀμπέλῳ = ‘to be planted with vines.” A predicative use of ἐν is seen in P Hib I. 421° (B.c. 262) δώσομεν Λευκίωι ἐν ὀφειλήματι, ‘asa debt,” P Petr I. 1215 (cf. II. p. 22) ὅσα δὲ ᾿Αξιοθέα προσενήνεγκται ἐμ φερνῆι, “ἐᾷς dowry,” and P Tebt I. 120 135…
Read the full entry →ἐν (en) — in/on/among.
ἐν,
poetry ἐνί, εἰν, εἰνί [Refs 8th c.BC+], forms used by Epic dialect and Lyric Poets as the metre requires, but only as falsa lectio in Trag., εἰν [Refs 5th c.BC+] ἰν [Refs]
__PREP. WITH DAT. AND ACC. Radical sense, in, into.
__A WITH DAT.
__A.I OF PLACE,
__A.I.1 in, νήσῳ ἐν ἀμφιρύτῃ [Refs 8th c.BC+]; with names of cities or islands, as ἐν Ἀθήνῃς, ἐν Τροίῃ, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; where ἐν is used, it = in the district of.., ὲν Ἐλευσῖνι [Refs] in my arms, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐν αὑτῷ εἶναι to be in one's senses, be oneself, ἔτ᾽ ἐν σαυτῷ (variant -τοῦ) γενοῦ [Refs 5th c.BC+]
__A.I.1.b ἐν τοῖς ἰχθύσιν in the fish-market, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; so ἐν τοῖν δυοῖν ὀβολοῖν ἐθεώρουν ἄν in the two-obol seats, [Refs 4th…
ἐν
en
a primary preposition denoting (fixed) position (in place, time or
state), and (by implication) instrumentality (medially or
constructively), i.e. a relation of rest (intermediate between 1519
and 1537); "in," at, (up-)on, by, etc.:--about, after, against, +
almost, X altogether, among, X as, at, before, between, (here-)by (+
all means), for (... sake of), + give self wholly to, (here-)in(-to,
-wardly), X mightily, (because) of, (up-)on, (open-)ly, X outwardly,
one, X quickly,
X shortly, (speedi-)ly, X that, X there(-in, -on),
through(-out), (un-)to(-ward), under, when, where(-with), while,
with(-in). Often used in compounds, with substantially the same
import; rarely with verbs of motion, and then not to indicate
direction, except (elliptically) by a separate (and different)
preposition.
see GREEK for 1519
see GREEK for 1537
ἐν
Prep.
in, on, among
ἐν en 2x
followed by the dat., in, Mt. 8:6; Mk. 12:26; Rev. 6:6,; upon, Lk. 8:32; among, Mt. 11:11; before, in the presence of, Mk. 8:38; in the sight, estimation of, 1 Cor. 14:11; before, judicially, 1 Cor. 6:2; in, of state, occupation, habit, Mt. 21:22; Lk. 7:25; Rom. 4:10; in the case of,
ἐν
e)nprepe)ni/prep ei)nprep ei)ni/prep in, among. c. dat.
Lat. in.
PREP. WITH DAT.:
OF PLACE
in, ἐν νήσῳ, ἐν Τροίῃ, etc., Hom., etc.:—elliptic, ἐν Ἀλκινόοιο (sc. οἴκῳ) Od.; εἰν Ἀΐδαο Il.; ἐν παιδοτρίβου at the school of the training master, Ar.
in, upon, ἐν οὔρεσι Hom., etc.
in the number of, amongst, ἐν Δαναοῖς, etc., Hom.; and with Verbs of ruling, ἄρχειν, ἀνάσσειν ἐν πολλοῖς to be first or lord among many, i. e. over them, id. Hom.; cf. ὁ, τό B. III. 3.
in one's hands, within one's reach or power, Lat. penes, Hom., etc.; ἐν σοὶ γάρ ἐσμεν Soph.; ἐν τῷ θεῷ τὸ τέλος ἦν Dem.
in respect of, ἐν γήρᾳ in point of age, Soph.
Prep — Prepositionpreposition — its sense depends on the case of the word it governs.
PREP PREPosition
A principal thing to notice about this preposition, which in the King James Version represents about 16 Hebrew and as many Greek words and prepositions, is that, in hundreds of cases (especially in the Old Testament, but frequently also in the New Testament) in the Revised Version (British and American) the rendering is changed to more exact forms ("to," "unto," "by," "upon," "at," "with," "among," "for," "throughout," etc.; compare e.g. Ge 6:16; 13:8; 17:7,9,12; 18:1; Ex 8:17; Le 1:9, etc.); while, nearly as often, "in" is substituted for divergent forms of the King James Version (e.g. Ge 2:14; 17:11; 31:54; 40:7; 49:17; Ex…
2,833 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 36 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 2,743 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
3 inflected forms — one of the commonest words in the New Testament. Full distribution →
ὅς is a pronoun meaning 'who,' 'which,' 'what,' or 'that.' It serves as both a demonstrative and a relative pronoun, agreeing in gender with its antecedent. The New Testament uses it in various constructions, including phrases like ὃς μὲν... ὃς δέ to indicate contrasting subjects. Notably, it can express purpose or cause in certain contexts.
ὅς, ἥ, ὅ,
the postpositive article (ἄρθρον ὑποτακτικόν).
As demonstr. pron. = οὗτος, ὅδε, this, that, also for αὐτός, chiefly in nom.: ὅς δέ, but he (cf. ἦ δὲ ὅς, freq. in Plat.), Mk 15:23, Jo 5:11; ὃς μὲν . . . ὃς δέ, the one . . . the other, Mt 21:35 22:5 25:15, Lk 23:33, Ac 27:14, Ro 14:5, I Co 11:21, II Co 2:16, Ju 22; neut., ὃ μὲν . . . ὃ δέ, the one . . . the other, some . . . some, Mt 13:8, 23, Read the full entry →
ὅς 455 ὅς iii. 5 [RG], 6; Heb. vi. 10; ix. 20; Jas. ii. 5; 1 In. iii. 24; Jude 15; for other exx. see below; ἐν ὥρᾳ 7 οὐ γινώoxet, Mt. xxiv. 50; τῇ παραδύσει 9 παρεδώκατε, Mk. vii. 13 ; add, Lk. ii. 20; v. 9; ix. 435 xii. 46; xxiv. 25; Jn. xvii. 5; Acts ii. 22; xvii. 31; xx. 38; 2 Co. xii. 21; 2Th.i. 4; Rev. xviii. 6; ef. W. § 24,1; [B. as above]. Rarely attraction oceurs where the verb governs the dative [but see below]: thus, κατέναντι οὗ ἐπίστευσε θεοῦ for xarévavre θεοῦ, ᾧ ἐπίστευσε (See κατέναντι). Ro. iv. 17; φωνῆς, ἧς ἔκραξα (for 7 (al. ἥν, οἴ. W. 164 (154 sq.) Β. 287 (217)}7), Acts xxiv. 21, οἵ. Is. vi. 4; (7γετο δὲ καὶ τῶν ἑαυτοῦ τε πιστῶν, οἷς ἥδετο καὶ ὧν ἠπίστει πολλούς, for καὶ πολλοὺς τούτων, οἷς ἠπίστει, Xen. Cyr. ὅ, 4, 39; ὧν ἐγὼ ἐντετύχηκα οὐδείς; for οὐδεὶς τούτων, οἷς ἐντετ. Plato, Gorg. p. 509 ἃ.; Protag. p. 361 6.; derep.7 p.531e.; παρ᾽ ὧν βοηθεῖς, οὐδεμίαν λήψει…
Read the full entry →ος is found as a demonstrative pronoun in P Ryl II. 14415 (complaint of assault—a.D. 38) ὃς δὲ ἐκ τοῦ ἐναντίου ἄλογον ἀηδίαν μοι ἐπιχειρήσας παρεχρήσατό μοι πολλὰ καὶ ἄσχημα, ‘“whereupon he opposing me made a brutal and odious attack upon me and subjected me to much shameful mishandling” (Edd.): cf. Mk 15%, Jn 51. For ὃς μέν... ὃς δέ, “the one . . the other,” as in Mt 21° a/., see P Oxy IX. 1189? (c. A.D. 117) ἐπιστολὰς δύο ds ἔγραψα ἣν μὲν σοὶ ἣν δὲ Σαβείνῳ, and for ὃς δέ solétarium see PSI. IV. 313° (iii/iv A.D.) with the editor’s note. Ὃς ἄν (ἐάν) c. conj. = ‘‘ whosoever ” may be illustrated Ly P Par 4622 (B.c. 153) (= Witkowski*, p. 87), περὶ dv ἂν βούληι γράφε, P Grenf I. 30% (B.c. 103) ἐφ} οἷς ἂν οὖν ὑμῶν προσδέωνται, P Oxy IV. 743%% (B.C. 2) ἐν ols ἐὰν σοῦ προσδέηται, °° ὑπὲρ ὧν ἐὰν θέλῃς. For the comparative usage of ὃς ἄν and ὃς ἐάν, see Thackeray Gr. i. p. 68, cited s.v. ἄν.…
Read the full entry →ὅς (hos, hē) — which.
ὅς, ἥ, ὅ,
genitive οὗ, ἧς, οὗ, etc.; dative plural οἷς, αἷς, οἷς, etc.: Epic dialect forms, genitive ὅου (probably replacing Οο) in the phrases ὅου κλέος οὔ ποτ᾽ ὀλεῖται [Refs 8th c.BC+]; feminine ἕης [Refs 8th c.BC+]; elsewhere only ἧς [Refs]; dative plural οἷς, οἷσι, ᾗς, ᾗσι (never αἷς or αἷσι in [Refs 8th c.BC+] — _pronoun_ used,
__A as demonstrative by the side of οὗτος, ὅδε, and the Article ὁ, ἡ, τό: in post-Homeric Gr. this use survived only in a few special phrases.
__B as a Relat. by the side of the Article ὅ, ἥ, τό (see. ὁ, ἡ, τό, c):—this demonstrative and Relat. pronoun must not be confounded with the Possess. ὅς, ἥ, ὅν. (With Gr. Relat. ὅς, ἥ, ὅ cf. Sanskrit Relat. yas, yā, yad, Lithuanian jis, ji (he, she), Oslav. i, ja, je (he, she…
ὅς ἥ ὅ
hos
he hay, and neuter
ho ho
probably a primary word (or perhaps a form of the article 3588); the
relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what,
that:--one, (an-, the) other, some, that, what, which, who(-m, -se),
etc. See also 3757.
see GREEK for 3588
see GREEK for 3757
ὅς, ἥ, ὅ
Rel.pr.
who, which, what, that
ὅς hos 1x
who, which, what, that, Mt. 1:16, 23, 25; in NT interrog. ἐφ’ ὅ, wherefore, why, Mt. 26:50; in NT ὅς μὲν ... ὅς δέ, for ὁ μὲν ... ὁ δέ, Mt. 21:35; 2 Cor. 2:16
Rel-DPF — Relative pronoun · dative · plural · femininedative — to, for, with — the one it is done to or by.
Agrees with anything else marked plural feminine.
R-DPF Part of Speech: Relative pronoun Case: Dative Number: Plural Gender: Feminine
1,430 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 60 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 1,407 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
22 inflected forms — one of the commonest words in the New Testament. Full distribution →
ἵν’ οὖν μὴ αἰεὶ συμφερόμεναι στασιάζωσι καὶ πόλεμος ἀντ’ εἰρήνης ἐπικρατῇ τὴν ἀκοσμίαν ἐν κόσμῳ τιθείς, οὐ μόνον ἐχώρισε φῶς καὶ σκότος, ἀλλὰ καὶ ὅρους ἐν μέσοις ἔθετο διαστήμασιν, οἷς ἀνεῖρξε τῶν ἄκρων ἑκάτερον·
πῶς τὸ Σοδομιτῶν ἔθνος θεὸς κατεστρέψατο χολωθεὶς αὐτοῖς ἐφ' οἷς ἡμάρτανον.
Μωϋσῆ Μωϋσῆ, κατάβηθι τὸ τάχος, ὅτι ἠνόμησεν ὁ λαός σου, οὓς ἐξήγαγες ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου, καὶ συνῆκεν Μωϋσῆς καὶ ἔριψεν τὰς δύο πλάκας ἐκ τῶν χειρῶν αὐτοῦ: καὶ συνετρίβη αὐτῶν ἡ διαθήκη, ἵνα ἡ τοῦ ἠγαπημένου Ἰησοῦ ἐγκατασφραγισθῇ εἰς τὴν καρδίαν ἡμῶν…
θεοῖς. καλῶς ποιήσεις διαλύσας Ἁρκοννῆσιν καὶ Ψενανοῦπιν καὶ … … ελθεῖν ἐπὶ προ … ους καὶ γραψάτωσαν ἡμῖν ὑπὲρ ὧν ἐσπούδασας διὰ τὰς ἡμῶν παρακλήσεις καὶ ση
ἐδάνεισεν Ὧρος Ὥρου Ὥρωι Νεχούτου ὡς ἐτῶν ν μέσος μελίχρως ὑποκλαστὸς ἀναφάλακρος μακροπρόσωπος εὐθύριν οὖς ἀριστερὸν τετρημένον πυροῦ ἀρτάβας τεσσαράκοντα ἓξ κριθῆς ἑξήκοντα ἐννέα , ἴσους ἀτόκους, ὧν ἀπόδοσιν
τῆς ἐπιγονῆς τῶν ἐκ Παθύρεως ὡς ἐτῶν ν μέσος μελίχρως τετανὸς ἀναφάλακρος μακροπρόσωπος εὐθύριν οὖς ἀριστερὸν τετρημένον χαλκοῦ ταλάντων πέντε . προπωλητὴς καὶ βεβαιωτὴς τῶν κατὰ τὴν ὠνὴν ταύτην
φωτίζω (phōtizō) means to illuminate or enlighten, both literally and metaphorically. It covers a range of meanings from shining light to spiritual enlightenment, and it is used in various New Testament contexts, such as in Luke 11:36 and John 1:9. The word can also imply bringing something to light or making it known, as seen in 1 Corinthians 4:5.
φωτίζω
(< φῶς)
[in LXX for אוֹר hi, ירה hi., etc. ;]
intrans., to shine, give light (Arist., Plut., a1.): seq. ἐπί, Re 22:5.
Trans.
to illumine, enlighten (Diod., Plut., al.): c. acc., Lk 11:36, Re 21:23; pass., Re 18:1. Metaph., of spiritual enlightenment (Ps 118 (119):130, Si 45:17, al.): Jo 1:9, Eph 1:18 3:9, R, txt., He 6:4 10:32;
to bring to light, make known (Polyb.): I Co 4:5, Eph 3:9, R, mg., II Ti 1:10 (cf. Kennedy, Sources, 107 f.).†
φωτίζω : fut. φωτίσω (Rev. xxii.5 L WH; 1Co. iv. 5), Attic φωτιῶ (Rev. xxii. 5 GT Tr); 1 aor. eparica; pf. pass. ptep. πεφωτισμένος ; 1 aor. pass. ἐφωτίσθην ; ib intrans. to give light, to shine, (Aristot., Theophr., Plut., al.; Sept. for "ἴδ, Num. viii. 2, etc.): ἐπί τινα, Rev. xxii. 5 (Rom. WH br. ἐπί]. 2. trans. a. prop. to enlighten, light up, illumine: τινέ, Lk. xi. 36; τὴν πόλιν, Rey. xxi. 23 (ἀκτῖσι τὸν κόσμον, of the sun, Diod. 3, 48, Sept. for 183); ἡ γῆ ἐφωτίσθη ἐκ τῆς δόξης αὐτοῦ, [A.V was lightened] shone with his glory, Rev. xviii. 1. b. to bring to light, iangh evident: τὰ κρυπτὰ τοῦ σκότους, 1 Co. iv. 5; [Eph. iii. 9 ace. to the reading of Τ L br. WH tat. (but see c.)], (ri af αἵρεσίν τινος, the preference, opinion, of one, Polyb. 23, 3,10; τὴν ἀλήθειαν, Epict. diss. 1, 4, 31; πεφωτισμένων τῶν πραγμάτων ὑπὸ τῆς ἀληθείας, Leian. cal. non tem. ered. 32); te cause something…
Read the full entry →φωτίζω. For the literal sense ‘‘ enlighten,” ‘‘illumine,” as in Lk 1135, cf, Wiinsch 4 p. 16% (iii/a.D.) ὁρκίζω σε τὸν θεὸν τὸν φωτίζοντα καὶ σκοτίζοντα τὸν κόσμον. The metaph. usage ‘‘bring to light,” ‘‘make known,” as in 2 Tim τοῦ
φωτίζω (phōtizō) — to illuminate.
φωτίζω,
future φωτίσω [NT]:—I. absolutely, shine, give light, ὁ ἄνθραξ [οὐ δύναται] φωτίζειν ὥσπερ ἡ φλόξ [Refs 4th c.BC+]
II. transitive, illuminate, ὁ ἥλιος φ. τὸν κόσμον [Refs 1st c.BC+] —passive, τὸ φωτιζόμενον, opposed to τὸ φωτίζον,[Refs 2nd c.AD+]; of a planet, [Refs 5th c.AD+]
II.2. bring to light, make known, τὴν ἑκατέρων αἵρεσιν [NT+2nd c.BC+]:—passive, γράμματα ἑαλωκότα καὶ πεφωτισμένα [Refs 2nd c.BC+]
II.3. enlighten, instruct, teach, φ. τινάς, πῶς.. [LXX+NT]
II.4. illuminate with spiritual light, ὁ ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ πεφωτισμένος [Refs]
II.4. b in a special sense, baptize, in passive, [NT]
φωτίζω
photizo
from 5457; to shed rays, i.e. to shine or (transitively) to brighten
up (literally or figuratively):--enlighten, illuminate, (bring to,
give) light, make to see.
see GREEK for 5457
φωτίζω
v.
I illuminate, bring to light
φωτίζω phōtizō 11x
to light, give light to, illuminate, shine upon, Lk. 11:36; Rev. 18:1; 21:23; met. to enlighten spiritually, Jn. 1:9; Eph. 1:18; 3:9; Heb. 6:4; 10:32; to reveal, to bring to light, make known, 1 Cor. 4:5; 2 Tim. 1:10; intrans. shine, Rev. 22:5*
φωτίζω φωτίζω, to enlighten, illuminate: to instruct, teach, NTest.
to bring to light, publish, id. NTest.
to enlighten spiritually, and then to baptize, id. NTest.
Verb-APP-NPM — Verb · aorist · passive · participle · nominative · plural · masculinenominative — the one doing it — the subject.
Agrees with anything else marked plural masculine.
V-APP-NPM Part of Speech: Verb Tense: Aorist Voice: Passive Mood: Participle Case: Nominative Number: Plural Gender: Masculine
11 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 9 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 11 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Counted over the 10 Old Testament verses where this Greek word stands: which Hebrew word keeps standing there too. A correspondence of verses rather than a word-by-word alignment, so read the percentage as strength of evidence, not as a claim about any single verse.
καθάπερ γὰρ ἡ φλὸξ καίει μὲν τὴν παραβληθεῖσαν ὕλην, φωτίζει δὲ τὸν γείτονα ἀέρα, τὸν αὐτὸν τρόπον ἐμπίπρησι μὲν τὰ ἁμαρτήματα ἡ ἀρετή, φέγγους δὲ τὴν ὅλην ἀναπίμπλησι διάνοιαν.
πολύς (polus) means much or many, covering a range of contexts from quantity to degree and value. It appears as an adjective and can also function as a noun or adverb. In the New Testament, it is used to describe large numbers of people or things, as seen in verses like Matthew 9:37 and John 6:10. The lexicons do not show significant disagreement on its meanings.
πολύς, πολλή, πολύ,
[in LXX chiefly for רַב and cognate forms;]
as adj., much, many, great, of number, space, degree, value, time, etc.: ἀριθμός, Ac 11:21; ὄχλος, Mk 5:24; θερισμός, Mt 9:37; χόρτος, Jo 6:10; χρόνος, Mt 25:19; γογγυσμός, Jo 7:12; πόνος, Col 4:13; δόξα, Mt 24:30; σιγή, Ac 21:40; pl., προφῆται, Mt 13:17; ὄχλοι, Mt 4:25; δαιμόνια, Read the full entry →
πολύς, πολλή (fr. an older form πολλός, found in Hom., Hes., Pind.), πολύ; [(cf. Curtius § 375)]; Sept. chiefly for 39; much; used a. of multitude, number, etc., many, numerous, great: ἀριθμός, Acts xi. 21; λαός, Acts xviii. 10; ὄχλος, Mk. v. 24; vi. 34; [viii.1 LT Tr WH]; Lk. vii. 11; viii. 4; Jn. vi. 2,5; Rev. vii. 9; xix. 6, etc.; πλῆθος, Mk. iii. 7sq.; Lk. v. 6; Acts xiv. 1, ete.; 1. q. abundant, plenteous [A. V. often much], καρπός, Jn. xii. 24; xv. 5,8; θερισμός, (the harvest to be gathered), Mt. ix. 37; Lk. x. 2; γῆ, Mt. xiii. 5; Mk. iv. 5; χόρτος, Jn. vi. 10; οἶνος, 1 Tim. iii. 8; plur. πολλοὶ τελῶναι, Mt. ix. 10; Mk. ii. 15; πολλοὶ προφῆται, Mt. xiii. 17; Lk. x. 24; σοφοί, 1 Co. i. 26; πατέρες, 1 Co. iv. 15; δυνάμεις, Mt. vii. 22; xiii. 58, ete.; ὄχλοι, Mt. iv. 25; viii. 1; xii. 15 [but here L TWH om. Trbr. ὄχ.7; Lk. v. 15, ete.; δαιμόνια, Mk.i. 34; and in many otherexx.; with…
Read the full entry →πολύς, “much,” plur. ‘‘many’’: P Petr I. 2905 (iii/B.c.) χάρις τοῖς θεοῖς πολλὴ εἰ ὑγιαίνεις, ‘‘much thanks to the gods if you are well,” P Ryl II. 2435 (ii/A.D.) τοῦτο οὐ μόνον ἡμεῖν yevapevov ἀλλὰ Kal πολλοῖς, ‘this has happened not to us only but to many ” (Edd.), and 16. 238* (A.p. 262) διὰ πολλὰς χρείας, “for various needs’ (Edd.). The word is very conimon in epistolary greetings (πολλὰ χαίρειν : exx. from B.C. 118 to ili/iv A.D. in Exler Eprstolography p. 27 f.) and in rhetorical prefaces (Sirach proem.), and consequently, as Cadbury suggests (in Jackson and Lake Beginnings of Christianity Part I. Vol. ii. p. 492 f.), πολλοί must not be pressed to mean “ἡ Ac 243, 10, For the adverbial πολλά, which ‘‘ lies between πολύ and πολλάκις : it is ‘much’ with the idea of plurality and repetition introduced’’ (Hort ad Jas 32), cf. P Heid 622 (iv/a.p.) (= Selections, p. 127) πολλὰ…
Read the full entry →πολύς (polus) — much.
πολύς,
Attic dialect πολλή, πολ; genitive πολλοῦ, ῆς, ou=; dative πολλῷ, ῇ, ; accusative πολύν, πολλήν, πολύ:—Ionic dialect πολλός [Refs 6th c.BC+], πολλή, πολλόν [Refs 6th c.BC+]; also in Trag., [Refs 5th c.BC+]; accusative πολλόν, πολλήν, πολλόν: [Refs 5th c.BC+] uses the Ionic dialect forms, but codices have πολύν [Refs 1st c.AD+]:—both sets of forms are found in Epic dialect, also genitive singular πολέος [Refs 8th c.BC+], once contraction πολεῖς [Refs]; dative πολέσι [Refs 8th c.BC+]; accusative πολέας (trisyllable) [Refs 8th c.BC+] (frequently with variant{πολεῖς} [Refs 8th c.BC+]; in later Epic dialect πολέες is used as feminine, [Refs 3rd c.BC+]:—Epic dialect also have πουλύς (once in [Refs 8th c.BC+]; these forms are found in codices of [Refs 5th c.BC+] — Lyric poetry and Trag. (Lyric poetry) sometimes use Epic dialect forms, dative singular…
Read the full entry →πολύς, πολλή, πολύ
Adj
much, many, often
πολύς polys 416x
great in magnitude or quantity, much, large, Mt. 13:5; Jn. 3:23; 15:8; pl. many, Mt. 3:7; in time, long, Mt. 25:19; Mk. 6:35; Jn. 5:6; οἱ πολλοί, the many, the mass, Rom. 5:15; 12:5; 1 Cor. 10:33; τὸ πολύ, much, 2 Cor. 8:15; πολύ, as an adv., much, greatly, Mk. 12:27; Lk. 7:47; of…
Read the full entry →πολύς the ionic declension πολλός, ή, όν is retained by the attic in all cases, except the nom. and acc. masc. and neut. Hom. uses both ionic and attic forms. of Number, many, opp. to ὀλίγος, Hom., etc.;— with nouns of multitude, πουλὺς ὅμιλος Od.; πολλὸν πλῆθος Hdt., etc.:—also of anything often repeated, πολλὸν ἦν τοῦτο τὸ ἔπος id. Hdt.; πολλὸς αἰνεόμενος id. Hdt.; τούτῳ πολλῷ χρήσεται τῷ λόγῳ often, Dem.
of Size, Degree, Force, much, mighty, great, Il., etc.; π. ὕπνος deep sleep, Od.; π. ὑμέναιος a loud song, Il., etc.:—rarely of a single person, μέγας καὶ πολλὸς ἐγένεο Hdt.; ἢν πολλῇ ῥυῇ if she flow with full stream, metaph. from a river, Eur.; πολλῷ ῥέοντι Dem.; from the wind, πολὺς ἔπνει was blowing strong, id. Dem.; often with a Partic., πολλὸς ἦν λισσόμενος…
Read the full entry →Adj-ASF — Adjective · accusative · singular · feminineaccusative — the one it is done to — the object.
Agrees with anything else marked singular feminine.
A-ASF Part of Speech: Adjective Case: Accusative Number: Singular Gender: Feminine
378 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 20 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 354 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Every reference is on the Strong's page.
Counted over the 335 Old Testament verses where this Greek word stands: which Hebrew word keeps standing there too. A correspondence of verses rather than a word-by-word alignment, so read the percentage as strength of evidence, not as a claim about any single verse.
Τῶν ἄλλων νομοθετῶν οἱ μὲν ἀκαλλώπιστα καὶ γυμνὰ τὰ νομισθέντα παρ’ αὐτοῖς εἶναι δίκαια διετάξαντο, οἱ δὲ πολὺν ὄγκον τοῖς νοήμασι προσπεριβαλόντες ἐξετύφωσαν τὰ πλήθη μυθικοῖς πλάσμασι τὴν ἀλήθειαν ἐπικρύψαντες.
Τοῖς τὰς ἱστορίας συγγράφειν βουλομένοις οὐ μίαν οὐδὲ τὴν αὐτὴν ὁρῶ τῆς σπουδῆς γινομένην αἰτίαν, ἀλλὰ πολλὰς καὶ πλεῖστον ἀλλήλων διαφερούσας.
πεπεισμένος οὖν τοῦτο καὶ συνειδὼς ἐμαυτῷ, ὅτι ἐν ὑμῖν λαλήσας πολλὰ ἐπίσταμαι, ὅτι ἐμοὶ συνώδευσεν ἐν ὁδῷ δικαιοσύνης κύριος, καὶ πάντως ἀναγκάζομαι κἀγὼ εἰς τοῦτο, ἀγαπᾶν ὑμᾶς ὑπὲρ τὴν ψυχήν μου, ὅτι μεγάλη πίστις καὶ ἀγάπη ἐγκατοικεῖ ἐν ὑμῖν ἐπ’…
τῶι προγεγραμμένωι ἱερῶι, ὁ ἐνκεκλημένος προσπηδήσας μοι ἐνώπιόν τινων ἔτυπτεν ἧι εἶχεν ῥάβδωι πληγαῖς πλειόσιν εἰς τὸ τυχὸν μέρος τοῦ σώματός μου. ὅ τε περιεβλήμην, ὀθόνιον κατέρηξεν, περὶ ὦν
νυνὶ παρεφεδρευόντων ἐν Διὸς πόλει τῆι μικρᾶι ἀπὸ τῶν ἐν τῶι ἐν Πτολεμαίδι ὑπαίθρωι. πολλὰς χρείας μισθοφόρων ἱππέων παρεσχημένων ἡμῶν ἤδη πολλάκις κατὰ τὸν πόλεμον καὶ κινδύνους μεγάλους
μέρους ἡμίσους ἀπὸ ἐδάφους ἀμπελῶνος ἀρουρῶν β ἡμίσους ἢ ὅσαν ἂν ἦι ἐπὶ τὸ πλεῖον καὶ τοῦ ἀπὸ ἀπηλιώτου αὐτοῦ παραδείσου καὶ φρεάτων καὶ ἐποικίων καὶ ληνῶνος καὶ γῆς
The Greek word ἄθλησις (athlēsis) means a contest or struggle, particularly in the context of athletic competitions. It encompasses both literal contests and metaphorical struggles, such as enduring trials or sufferings, as seen in Hebrews 10:32. The term is derived from ἀθλέω and is well-documented in various texts from the 2nd century BC onward.
*† ἄθλησις, -εως, ἡ
(< ἀθλέω),
a contest, combat, esp. of athletes; fig., a struggle: He 10:32 (for exx., v. MM, VGT, s.v.).†
ἄθλησις, -ews, 7, contest, combat, (freq. fr. Polyb. down) ; fig. ἄθλησις παθημάτων a struggle with sufferings, trials, Heb. x. 32; [of martyrdom, Ign. mart. 4; Clem. mart. 25].
ἄθλησις. 720 XIV. 1102 (Rome, ii/A.p.). CP Herm 119 verso iii. 18 (a rescript of Gallienus), εὐδοκίμων κατὰ τὴν ἄθληστιν] γενομένων. Sy// 6865: (ii/A.D.) ἀξίως καὶ τοῦ Διὸς τοῦ ᾿Ολυμπίου καὶ τῆς ἀθλήσεως. Other words of this family are well evidenced. Thus OG/S 3397® (Sestos, ii/B.c.) τιθὲς ἄθλα πάντων τῶν ἀθλημάτων, with ἀθλητής, ἀθλόφορος, etc. ἀθροίζω. ? OGIS 764° (c. B.C. 127) Td... ἀθρο[ισθὲν πλῆθος]. P Par 404? (B.c. 156) χρήματα ἠ]θροικότες. For the adjective see P Petr IT. xi(1)? (iii/B.c.) (= Selections, p. 8) ἀθροῦν, “in a lump sum.” Cf. P Amh II. 79% (ii/a.p.) ἀθρόον ἀργύριον. On its form see Cronert Wem. Herc., p. 166.
ἄθλησις (athlēsis) — struggle.
ἄθλ-ησις, ἡ,
contest, combat, especially of athletes, [Refs 2nd c.BC+]; κατὰ τὴν ἄ. 'in the athletic world', [Refs 3rd c.AD+]; training, practice, [Refs 1st c.BC+]
2. generally, struggle, trial, ἄ. ὑπομένειν[NT]
ἄθλησις
athlesis
from 118; a struggle (figuratively):--fight.
see GREEK for 118
ἄθλησις, εως, ἡ
n.f.
a contest
ἄθλησις athlēsis 1x
contest, combat, struggle, conflict, Heb. 10:32*
ἄθλησις ἀθλέω a contest, struggle, NTest.
Noun-ASF — Noun · accusative · singular · feminineaccusative — the one it is done to — the object.
Agrees with anything else marked singular feminine.
N-ASF Part of Speech: Noun Case: Accusative Number: Singular Gender: Feminine
1 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 1 different way. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
ὥστε εἰκότως Ἀβραὰμ ὁ βελτιωθεὶς διδασκαλίᾳ πατὴρ Ἰακὼβ λέγεται, τοῦ μελέτῃ συγκροτηθέντος, οὐκ ἄνθρωπος ἀνθρώπου μᾶλλον ἢ δύναμις ἀκουστικὴ πρὸς μάθησιν ἑτοιμοτάτη δυνάμεως ἀσκητικῆς καὶ ἐπιτηδείου πρὸς ἄθλησιν.
διδάσκαλός μου κατέλιπέν μοι κατὰ διαθήκην ἀνατρέφεσθαί με ἔχοντα τὰ δέοντα πάντα ὅσα εἰς ἄθλησιν τῆς κιθαρωιδικῆς τέχνης προσῆκεν ἐλευθέρωι ἕως τοῦ εἰς ἀγῶνα εἰσελθεῖν· ὑμεῖς δὲ παρέχετέ μοι
τὴν ἄσκησιν τοῦ γυμνικοῦ ἀγῶνος ἐκ δὲ τ … ἀναλώματα πεποίημαι εἰς ἄσκησιν καὶ ἄθλησιν δε … … ὃν ἡ τύχη καλῶς ποιοῦσα ἐδωρήσατο τῷ ἡμετέρῳ … … καθ’
The Greek word ὑπομένω (i.e., *hupomeno*) is built from the prefix ὑπο- (under) and the verb μένω (to remain). It covers meanings such as to stay behind, endure, and bear patiently. In the New Testament, it appears in contexts of waiting and enduring trials, notably in Romans and James, with various lexicons noting its use in both transitive and intransitive forms.
ὑπο-μένω ; impf. ὑπέμενον ; fut. 2 pers. plur. bropeveire ; 1 aor. ὑπέμεινα; pf. ptep. ὑπομεμενηκώς ; fr. Hom. down; Sept. for map, Tan, OM; 1. to remain i.e. tarry behind: foll. by év with a dat. of the place, Lk. ii. 43; ἐκεῖ, Acts xvii. 14. 2. to remain i.e. abide, not recede or flee; trop. a. to persevere: absol. and emphat., under misfortunes and trials to hold fast to one’s faith in Christ [R. V. commonly endure], Mt. x. 22; xxiv. 13; Mk. xiii. 13; 2 Tim. ii. 12 [cf. vs. 10 in b.]; Jas. v. 11; with τῇ θλίψει added, when trial assails [A. V. in tribulation (i. e. dat. of cireumstances or condition)], (cf. Kiihner § 426, 3 [Jelf § 603, 1]), Ro. xii. 12 (quite different is ὑπομένειν τῷ κυρίῳ, ΤῊ 2 Onin, Lam. iii. 21,24; Mic. vii.7; 2K. vi. 33; my 727, Ps. xxxii. (xxxiii.) 20, to esse faithfully to [A. V. wait for] the Lord, where the dat. depends on the verb contrary to Grk. usage…
Read the full entry →ὑπομένω. For the trans. use of this verb ‘‘bear up,” ‘‘endure,” cf. PSI IV. 4351 (B.c. 258-7) (= Deissmann ZAZ?, p. 153) προσευξάμενος δίὲ] αὐ[τῶι, é]a[p με] ὑγιάσηι, διότι ὑπομενῶ τὴν ληιτο[υργ]ΐίαν, ‘but having prayed to him, if he would heal me, I said that I would endure my ministry,” P Oxy II. 237 4) 88 (Ἂν Ὁ, 186) δίκην ὑπομενοῦσι τὴν προσήκουσαν, “*will suffer the due penalty of their disobedience” (Edd.), P Hamb I. 22? (Christian—iv/a.D.) ὃς κακὰ πόλλ᾽ ὑπέμεινε μιῆς ἐπίηρα θυγάτρος, ‘who suffered many ills for the sake of his only daughter,” P Oxy IX. 11864 (iv./A.p.) τὸ τὴν διὰ τῶν ἱμάντων... αἰκείαν ὑπομένειν ἐστὶν μὲν Kal ἐπὶ τῶν δουλικὴν τύχην εἰληχότων ἀνιαρόν, ‘subjection to the punishment of scourging is even for those of servile estate lamentable ’’ (Ed.), cf. 7 τοιαύτην ὕβρειν ὑπομένειν, and 26. VI. 904° (v/A.D.) αὐτὸν τὸ ἀζήμιον πληροῖν τοῖ[ς] τὴν βλάβην ὑπομένουσιν…
Read the full entry →ὑπομένω (hupomenō) — to remain/endure.
ὑπομένω,
future -μενῶ conjecture in [Refs 4th c.BC+]:— stay behind, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὑπομεινον ἕως ἂν παραγένηται [Refs 3rd c.BC+]: also, remain alive, [Refs 5th c.BC+]: of things, to be left behind, remain, ὑπέμεινε τὸ παχύτερον [Refs 2nd c.AD+]: generally, to be permanent, [Refs 4th c.BC+]
II. transitive,
II.1. with accusative person, abide or await another, διὰ τοῦτό σε οὐχ ὑπέμενον [Refs 5th c.BC+]; especially await his attack, bide the onset, [Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὑ. τὰς Σειρῆνας abide their presence, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; of evils, κακῶν ὅσα ἡμᾶς ἐν ὑστέρῳ χρόνῳ ὑ. [Refs 5th c.BC+]
ὑπομένω
hupomeno
from 5259 and 3306; to stay under (behind), i.e. remain; figuratively,
to undergo, i.e. bear (trials), have fortitude, persevere:--abide,
endure, (take) patient(-ly), suffer, tarry behind.
see GREEK for 5259
see GREEK for 3306
ὑπομένω
v.
I remain behind, endure
ὑπομένω hypomenō 17x
intrans. to remain or stay behind, when others have departed, Lk. 2:43; trans. to bear up under, endure, suffer patiently, 1 Cor. 13:7; Heb. 10:32; absol. to continue firmly, hold out, remain constant, persevere, Mt. 10:22; 24:13
ὑπομένω fut. -μενῶ aor1 ὑπ-έμεινα to stay behind, survive, Od., Hdt., attic
trans.,
c. acc. pers. to await another, to await his attack, bide the onset, Il., Hdt.; ὑπ. τὰς Σειρῆνας to abide their presence, Xen.
c. acc. rei, to be patient under, abide patiently, submit to, Hdt., Thuc., etc.; ὑπ. τὴν κρίσιν to await one's trial, Aeschin.: to wait for, τὴν ἑορτήν Thuc.
absol. to stand one's ground, stand firm, Il., Hdt., etc.; ὑπομένων καρτερεῖν to endure patiently, Plat.
c. inf. to submit or dare to do a thing, wait to do, persist in doing, like Lat. sustinere, Od., Xen.
so with part. relating to the subject, εἰ ὑπομενέουσι χεῖρας ἀνταειρόμενοι if they shall dare to lift their hands, Hdt.; ὑπομένει ὠφελούμενος he submits to be helped, Plat.:—with part. relating to the object, ὑπ. Ξέρξεα ἐπιόντα to await his attack…
Verb-AAI-2P — Verb · aorist · active · indicative · second person · pluralaorist active indicative — a completed action, viewed as a whole.
V-AAI-2P Part of Speech: Verb Tense: Aorist Voice: Active Mood: Indicative Person: second Number: Plural
17 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 13 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 17 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
Counted over the 36 Old Testament verses where this Greek word stands: which Hebrew word keeps standing there too. A correspondence of verses rather than a word-by-word alignment, so read the percentage as strength of evidence, not as a claim about any single verse.
πάντα γὰρ ὅσα πάσχει ἡ αἴσθησις, οὐκ ἄνευ νοῦ ὑπομένει, πηγὴ γὰρ οὗτός ἐστιν αὐτῇ
Ναβρώδης δὲ Χούσου υἱὸς ὑπομείνας παρὰ Βαβυλωνίοις ἐτυράννησεν, ὡς καὶ πρότερόν μοι δεδήλωται.
Εἰς τοῦτο γὰρ ὑπέμεινεν ὁ κύριος παραδοῦναι τὴν σάρκα εἰς καταφθοράν, ἵνα τῇ ἀφέσει τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ἁγνισθῶμεν, ὅ ἐστιν ἐν τῷ αἵματι τοῦ ῥαντίσματος αὐτοῦ.
τάλαντα μ Δυο, ὧν καὶ χ … χειρόγραφον ἀτοῦ ἔχω, ταύτας ἀπαιτούμενος πλεονάκις οὐχ ὑπομένει ἀποδιδόναι, ἀλλὰ διαπλανᾷ με. διὸ ἀξιῶ, ἐὰν φαίνηται, συντάξαι ἀσφαλίσασθαι αὐτὸν μέχρι τοῦ τὴν
καὶ νῦν ἐν τοῖς περὶ Διογᾶτος ἀντιδικεῖ μοι. τοῦτο ὑμᾶς μαρτύρομαι μόνον. οὐ γὰρ ὑπομένω αὐτὸν μιμήσασθαι.
ἐκτελοῦντα τὴν νυκτοφυλακίαν, ὡς πρόκειται. εἰ δὲ μή, ἐγὼ αὐτὸς τὸν ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ λόγον ὑπομενῶ, ἢ ἔνοχος εἴην τῷ ὅρκῳ. ἔτους κ Αὐτοκράτορος Καίσαρος Μάρκου Αὐρηλίου Σεουήρου Ἀντωνίνου Παρθικοῦ
πάθημα (pathema) refers to suffering or affliction, derived from the verb meaning to suffer. It encompasses both external hardships and internal emotions or passions. In the New Testament, it is notably used to describe the sufferings of Christ and the afflictions faced by Christians (e.g., Romans 8:18, 2 Corinthians 1:6). The term is often found in the plural form, indicating multiple instances of suffering.
πάθημα, -ros, τό, (fr. παθεῖν, πάσχω, as μάθημα fr. paθεῖν), fr. [Soph.,] Hdt. down; 1. that which one suffers or has suffered; a. externally, a suffering, misfortune, calamity, evil, affliction: plur., Ro. viii. 18; 2 Co. i. 6 sq.; Col. i. 24; 2 Tim. iii. 11; Heb. 11. 10; x. 32; 1 Pet. v.95; τὰ εἰς Χριστόν, that should subsequently come unto Christ [W. 193 (182)], 1 Pet. i. 11; τοῦ Χριστοῦ, which Christ endured, 1 Pet. v. 1; also the afflictions which Christians must undergo in behalf of the same cause for which Christ patiently endured, are called παθήματα τοῦ Χριστοῦ [W. 189 (178) note], 2 Co. i. 5; Phil. iii. 10; 1 Pet. iv. 13. b. of an inward state, an affection, passion: Gal. v. 24; τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν, that lead to sins, Ro. vii. 5. 2. i. g. τὸ πάσχειν (see καύχημα, 2), an enduring, undergoing, suffering, (so the plur. in Arstph. thesm. 199) : θανάτου, gen. of the obj., Heb. ii. 9.…
Read the full entry →πάθημα (pathēma) — suffering.
πᾰθ-ημα, ατος, τό,
dative plural παθημάτοις [Refs]:—that which befalls one, suffering, misfortune, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ π. τοῦ Χριστοῦ the passion of Christ, [NT]; of good fortune, χαῖρε παθὼν τὸ π. (deification) [Refs 5th c.AD+]: mostly in plural, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀκούσια π., opposed to ἑκούσια καὶ ἐκ προνοίας ἀδικήματα, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ δέ μοι π. μαθήματα γέγονε my sufferings have been my lessons [Refs 5th c.BC+]
II. emotion or condition, affection, π. τῆς ψυχῆς εἶναι τὴν σωφροσύνην, οὐ μάθημα [Refs 5th c.BC+]; opposed to ποίημα, [Refs 3rd c.AD+]; but in early writers mostly in plural, affections, feelings, opposed to ποιήματα, [Refs 5th c.BC+]; παθήμασιν ὑπηρετεῖν obey the feelings, [Refs 4th c.BC+]; opposed to…
πάθημα
pathema
from a presumed derivative of 3806; something undergone, i.e. hardship
or pain; subjectively, an emotion or influence:-- affection,
affliction, motion, suffering.
see GREEK for 3806
πάθημα, ατος, τό
n.n.
suffering, passion
πάθημα pathēma 16x
what is suffered; suffering, affliction, Rom. 8:18; 2 Cor. 1:5, 6, 7; Phil. 3:10; emotion, passion, Rom. 7:5; Gal. 5:24
πάθημα πά^θημα, ατος, τό, παθεῖν anything that befals one, a suffering, calamity, misfortune, Soph., Thuc.: mostly in pl., Hdt., attic; proverb., τὰ δέ μοι παθήματα μαθήματα γέγονε my sufferings have been my lessons, Hdt.
a passive emotion or condition, Xen., Plat.
in pl. incidents, occurrences, Plat.
Noun-GPN — Noun · genitive · plural · neutergenitive — of, from, belonging to.
Agrees with anything else marked plural neuter.
N-GPN Part of Speech: Noun Case: Genitive Number: Plural Gender: Neuter
16 occurrences in the New Testament, rendered 3 different ways. The commonest English word for it is not its meaning — it is one translator's decision, repeated.
Parsing tells you the form; the treebank tells you the job. Counted over all 16 occurrences — a word inside a phrase counts towards whatever that phrase is doing.
← what comes before
what comes after →
branches are dictionary forms, so endings do not split one phrase into five; the number on a branch is how many times the New Testament takes that path
καὶ πάλιν πτηνὸς ἀρθεὶς καὶ τὸν ἀέρα καὶ τὰ τούτου παθήματα κατασκεψάμενος ἀνωτέρω φέρεται πρὸς αἰθέρα καὶ τὰς οὐρανοῦ περιόδους, πλανήτων τε καὶ ἀπλανῶν χορείαις συμπεριποληθεὶς κατὰ τοὺς μουσικῆς τελείας νόμους, ἑπόμενος ἔρωτι σοφίας ποδηγετοῦντι,…
Φαραώθης δὲ ἅμα τοῦ τε πάθους ἀπήλλακτο ἡ γῆ καὶ τῆς αἰτίας ἐπελέληστο καὶ τοὺς Ἑβραίους κατεῖχε, καὶ ὥσπερ πλειόνων παθημάτων φύσεις βουλόμενος μαθεῖν οὐκέτʼ ἠφίει τοῖς περὶ τὸν Μωυσῆν ἐξιέναι φόβῳ μᾶλλον ἢ φρονήσει ταύτην αὐτοῖς ἐπιτρέπων.
τοῖς ἐφοδίοις τοῦ Χριστοῦ ἀρκούμενοι, καὶ προσέχοντες τοὺς λόγους αὐτοῦ ἐπιμελῶς ἐνεστερνισμένοι ἥτε τοῖς σπλάγχνοις, καὶ τὰ παθήματα αὐτοῦ ἦν πρὸ ὀφθαλμῶν ὑμῶν.