Conjunctive Sentence

Conjunctive Sentence
§ 136. The uses of the conjunction and are various. On vav conv., § 46 seq. On vav of purpose after imper. &c., § 64 seq. On vav apod. in conditional sent., § 130 seq.; after casus pendens, &c., § 50, 56. On various senses of vav in circumstantial cl., § 137. On vav of equation, § 151.
The conjunc. vav, used to connect words, sometimes stands before each when there is a number of them: Genesis 20:14; Genesis 24:35, Deuteronomy 12:18; Deuteronomy 14:5, Joshua 7:24, 1 Samuel 13:20, Hosea 2:18; Hosea 2:21, Jeremiah 42:1; or only with the concluding words of a series, Genesis 13:2, 2 Kings 23:5, e.g. with the last of three; or only with second, Deuteronomy 29:22, Job 42:9; or sometimes the words are disposed in pairs, Hosea 2:5.
Both... and is expressed by ‏גַּם‎... ‏גַּם‎ or ‏וְגַם‎... ‏גַּם‎. Genesis 24:25 ‏גַּם־תֶּבֶן גַּם־מִסְפּוֹא‎ both straw and provender. Or with several words, Genesis 43:8 ‏גַּם־אְַנַחְנוּ גַּם־אַתָּה גַּם טַפֵּנוּ‎ both we and thou and our children. Judges 8:22.—1 Samuel 2:26 ‏גַּם עִם־י׳ וְגַם עִם־אְַנָשִׁים‎ both with Je. and with men.—Genesis 44:16; Genesis 47:3, Genesis 47:19, Numbers 18:3, Zephaniah 2:14.—Genesis 24:44, 1 Samuel 12:14; 1 Samuel 26:25. When influenced by a neg. this both... and becomes neither... nor, Numbers 23:25, 1 Samuel 20:27; 1 Samuel 21:9, 1 Kings 3:26, cf. 1 Samuel 16:8 neither this one, &c. Less commonly and mainly later ‏וְ‎... ‏וְ‎ is both... and. Psalms 76:6 ‏נִרְדָּם וְרֶכֶד וָסוּס‎ both chariot and horse are sunk into sleep. Numbers 9:14, Jeremiah 32:20 both in Isr. and, &c., Daniel 8:13, Job 34:29.
Rem. 1. For the various uses of and the Lexicon must be consulted.
(a) It occasionally has the sense of also, Hosea 8:6 ‏וְהוּא‎, 2 Samuel 1:23 also in their death.
(b) There is a dislike to begin a sentence without and, hence even Books are commenced with it, Exodus 1:1, Rth_1:1. Hence also speeches begin with it, Joshua 22:28
‏וַנֹּאמֶר וְהָיָה‎ and we said, It shall happen. Jeremiah 9:22, so probably Isaiah 2:2.
(c) The and has a sort of exegetical force, with a certain emphasis on the word that explains, Psalms 74:11 thy hand and (even) thy right hand. Psalms 85:8 to his people and to his saints. Zechariah 9:9 and on a colt. Psalms 72:12 the poor and he that (i.e. who) has no helper. Often with the sense and that, Amos 3:11 a foe ‏וּסְבִיב‎ and that round about the land; Amos 4:10 and that into your nostrils. Judges 7:22, Isaiah 57:11, Jeremiah 15:13, Zechariah 7:5, Nehemiah 8:13, 1 Chronicles 9:27, 2 Chronicles 29:27, Ecclesiastes 8:2. Comp. 2 Samuel 13:20 ‏וְשֹׁמֵמָה‎, Psalms 68:9 ‏וְנִלְאָה‎, Lamentations 3:26 ‏וְדוּמָם‎ and that in silence. Somewhat different 2 Samuel 3:39 ‏וּמָשׁוּחַ מֶלֶךְ‎ though anointed king.
(d) The vav is common to introduce what is consequential or follows from what precedes, so, then, e.g. with imper. Judges 8:24 I will make a request ‏וּתְנוּ־לִי‎ Give me, &c. 2 Kings 4:41; 2 Kings 7:13, Numbers 9:2, Ezekiel 18:32, Psalms 45:11 worship him. Cf. Salkinson Matthew 8:3 I will, ‏וּטְהָר‎ be thou clean, which is better than the bare ‏טְהָר‎ of Del.—Particularly in dialogue the vav attaches to something said (or understood) with various shades of sense, often introducing an interrogation. Judges 6:13 the Lord is with thee; ‏וְיֵשׁ י׳ עִמָּנוּ וְלָמָּה‎ If Je. be with us, Why...? Exodus 2:20 ‏וְאַיּוֹ‎ Where is he? Numbers 12:14; Numbers 20:3, 1 Samuel 10:12; 1 Samuel 15:14, 2 Samuel 18:11-12, 2 Samuel 18:23; 2 Samuel 24:3, 1 Kings 2:22, 2 Kings 1:10; 2 Kings 2:9; 2 Kings 7:19. Peculiar 2 Samuel 15:34 ‏עֶבֶד אָבִיךָ וַֽאְַנִי מֵאָז‎ thy father's servant—that was I formerly, &c. In the specimens of letters preserved, the salutation and compliments appear omitted, and the letter begins ‏וְעַתָּה‎ and now, 2 Kings 5:6; 2 Kings 10:2, as Ar. 'amma ba'du.